Medical imaging Books

Book SynopsisThis easy-to-follow textbook presents an engaging introduction to the fascinating world of medical image analysis. Avoiding an overly mathematical treatment, the text focuses on intuitive explanations, illustrating the key algorithms and concepts in a way which will make sense to students from a broad range of different backgrounds.Topics and features: explains what light is, and how it can be captured by a camera and converted into an image, as well as how images can be compressed and stored; describes basic image manipulation methods for understanding and improving image quality, and a useful segmentation algorithm; reviews the basic image processing methods for segmenting or enhancing certain features in an image, with a focus on morphology methods for binary images; examines how to detect, describe, and recognize objects in an image, and how the nature of color can be used for segmenting objects; introduces a statistical method to determine what class of object the pixels in an image represent; describes how to change the geometry within an image, how to align two images so that they are as similar as possible, and how to detect lines and paths in images; provides further exercises and other supplementary material at an associated website.This concise and accessible textbook will be invaluable to undergraduate students of computer science, engineering, medicine, and any multi-disciplinary courses that combine topics on health with data science. Medical practitioners working with medical imaging devices will also appreciate this easy-to-understand explanation of the technology.Table of ContentsIntroduction Image Acquisition Image Storage and Compression Point Processing Neighborhood Processing Morphology BLOB Analysis Color Images Pixel Classification Geometric Transformations Image Registration Line and Path Detection Appendix A: Bits, Bytes and Binary Numbers Appendix B: Mathematical Definitions

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Book SynopsisThis book explains the principles of biosignal processing and its practical applications using MATLAB. Topics include the emergence of biosignals, electrophysiology, analog and digital biosignal processing, signal discretization, electrodes, time and frequency analysis, analog and digital filters, Fourier-transformation, z-transformation, pattern recognition, statistical data analysis, physiological modelling and applications of EEG, ECG, EMG, PCG and PPG signals. Additional scientifi c contributions on motion analysis by guest authors Prof. Dr. J. Subke and B. Schneider as well as classification of PPG signals by Dr. U. Hackstein.

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Book SynopsisThis book begins with the basic terms and definitions and takes a student, step by step, through all areas of medical physics. The book covers radiation therapy, diagnostic radiology, dosimetry, radiation shielding, and nuclear medicine, all at a level suitable for undergraduates. This title not only describes the basics concepts of the field, but also emphasizes numerical and mathematical problems and examples. Students will find An Introduction to Medical Physics to be an indispensible resource in preparations for further graduate studies in the field.Table of ContentsIntroduction.- Basic Concepts in Radiation Dosimetry.- Interaction of Gamma Rays and X-Rays with Matter.- Treatment planning in Radiation Therapy.- Image Guided Radiation Therapy.- Introduction to Radiological Images.- Mammography.- Computed Tomography.- Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).- CT and MRI in Radiotherapy.- Nuclear Medicine Physics.- Ultrasound.- Radiation Shielding and Protection, Part I – Measurement, Dosimetry, Shielding and Protection.- Radiation Shielding and Protection, Part II.

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Book SynopsisJournalists, always very direct and in search of sensation, essentially asked me two questions on the occasion of this workshop: What were the goals of the meeting? With the improvement of diagnosis through the development of image techniques, didn't the contrast media already have their future behind them? Many answers were provided during the course of the workshop, and in order to best answer the journalists I proposed the following synopsis. 1. Since the 1979 Colorado Springs workshop organized by E. Lasser, progress has been so rapid and the newly available works so numerous that another meeting on an international level for the purpose of pre­ senting and discussing these advances appeared indispensable. Why not then in Europe and why not in Lyon? To expand on this progress, by 1981 the new contrast media with less-hyperosmolar molecules, still in the trial stage in 1979, were al­ most all available commercially for angiography, albeit at prohibitive prices. The advantages of these various media are becoming better known; moreover, in the wake of Lasser's work, our understanding of the pathophysiology of their noxious effects is also advancing rapidly owing to the use of models (for the target organs: heart, vessel wall, nervous system, kidney; and for the more general reactions: blood cells, coagulation, complement system, circulating enzymatic systems). In addition, further new molecules are currently being studied in re­ search laboratories. 2.Table of ContentsSection A: General Toxicity.- Contrast Material Reactors: Pathogenicity and Clinical Aspects in 1981.- Risk Factors for Adverse Reactions in Intravenous Urography.- Prevention of Shocks Induced by Intravenous Urography.- Adverse Reactions to Intravenous Contrast Media in Urography — Results of a National Survey.- Allergy to Radiographic Contrast Media: Accumulated Evidence for Antibody-mediated Human Toxicity and a New Animal Model.- Immunobiological Effects of Contrast Media with Special Reference to “Nonsequential Activation” of Complement.- Contrast Media and Immediate Hypersensitivity.- Iodinated Contrast Agents: Effect on ATP: Creatine N-Phospho-transferase Isoenzymes in the Arterial Wall.- The Effect of Radiographic Iodized Contrast Media on Coagulation, Fibrinolysis, and Complement System.- In Vivo and in Vitro Modifications of Platelet Aggregation and Release of ATP by Ionic and Nonionic Contrast Media Used in Angiography.- Toxicity of New Contrast Media in Cell Cultures.- Effects of Contrast Media on Cell Cultures.- The Comparative Effect of Ionic and Nonionic Contrast Media on the Sickling Phenomenon.- Summary of the Discussion.- Section B: Effect on the Heart.- Considerations of Pathogenicity and Clinical Aspects of Contrast Media Toxicity on the Heart in 1981.- Effects on Cardiac Function of Contrast Media Used in Angiography: An Experimental Study.- Comparison of Iopamidol, Ioxaglate, and Diatrizoate During Coronary Angiography in Dogs.- Effects of Iohexol on Heart Functions During Coronary Arteriography in Dogs.- The Importance of Electrolyte Shifts and Calcium Binding on Cardiotoxicity of Contrast Media.- Regional Myocardial Hemodynamic and Metabolic Effects of Ionic and Nonionic Contrast Media in the Normal and Ischemic State.- Modifications in Coronary Flow After Injection of Contrast Media.- Changes in Left Ventricular Preload and Afterload Induced by Coronary Angiography: Influence of Contrast Medium Osmolality.- Influence of Ioxaglix Acid on Hemoglobin Affinity During Selective Coronarography.- The Use of Amipaque in Pediatric Angiocardiography.- Comparative Study in Small Infants of the Hemodynamic Effects of Ioxaglate and Diatrizoate Contrast Media in Left Ventriculography.- A Comparison Between the New Low Osmolality Contrast Agent, Hexabrix, and a Conventional One.- Summary of the Discussion.- Section C: Effects on the Nervous System.- The Neurotoxicity of Water-soluble Contrast Media: Actual Concepts and Future.- A Nonionic, Isotonic Dimer Iotrol: A New Contrast Medium for the Intrathecal Space. A Review of Pharmacological Evaluation.- Excretion of Aqueous Contrast Media From the Subarachnoid Space of Primates.- Experimental Model of Neurotoxicity Study of Water-soluble Contrast Media.- Immediate and Delayed Neurotoxicity of Newly Synthesized Contrast Media Demonstrated by EEG Sequential Analysis.- The Effect of Myelographic Contrast Media on the Arachnoid.- Comparative Experimental Study of Contrast Media in Neuroradiology.- Changes in the Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure After Intrathecal Injection of Contrast Media in Rabbits.- Adverse Effects From Contrast Media: Preliminary Results Obtained with an Experimental Model.- First Round Table: Concluding Remarks.- The Stream of Metrizamide in the Subarachnoid Spaces in Relation to Adverse Effects of Cisternography.- Use of the New Hydrosoluble Contrast Materials (Metrizamide and Iopamidol) in Tomodensitometric Exploration of the Subarachnoid Spaces and Cisterns.- Adverse Reactions to Myelography with Metrizamide in Children.- Iopamidol, a New Nonionic Contrast Medium for Myelography and Sacculoradiculography: A Review of 800 Cases.- Ioglunide: A New Contrast Medium for Myelography and Cisternography (Animal Experiments and Preliminary Clinical Experience).- Second Round Table: Discussion.- Section D: Effects on the Kidney.- Kidney: Pharmacology of Contrast Media.- Nephrotoxicity of Uroangiographic Contrast Media.- The Urinary Concentration of Urographic Radiocontrast Drugs: The Role of Sodium Chloride Excretion and Free-Water-Production.- Variations of Urinary Sodium Concentration After Contrast Media with Different Osmolality.- Nephrotoxicity of Iodinated Contrast Media: A Preliminary Report on Five Compounds Used for Urography.- Acute Renal Failure Initiated by Contrast Media.- Summary of the Discussion.- Section E: Various Topics.- The Effect of X-ray Contrast Media on the Endothelium of the Aorta and Vena Cava in Rats.- Rapid Injection of a Cold Water-soluble Triiodide for Cardiovascular Investigation. Physicochemical Basis, Injection Technique, Tolerance, Prospects of Utilization.- Comparison of Hexabrix and Urografin in the Study of Post-phlebographic Thrombotic Side Effects.- Effects of Contrast Material on Blood Volume.- Labeling of Embolizing Substances with Contrast Agents.- Contrast Media in Arthrography. Experimental Study.- Iodinated Compound and Thyroid Status.- Binding of Contrast Media to Human Prealbumin: Another Cause of Thyroid Hormonal Disorder.- Summary of the Discussion.- Section F: Various Topics.- Angiography in Lower Extremities with New Contrast Media: Review of Double-blind Studies.- Patient Reactions During Hexabrix, Iopamidol and Conray Angiography.- Experience of Cerebral Arteriography with Iopamidol: Clinical Data.- Painless Angiography with Newer Contrast Media.- Hemodynamic Changes During Aortic Arch Angiography. A Comparative Study Using Two Contrast Media: Telebrix30 (Ioxitalamate) and Hexabrix (Ioxaglate).- B 15 000: A Nonionic Contrast Medium in Peripheral Angiography.- First Part: Discussion.- Compared Effects on Various Blood Parameters of Iopamidol and Iodamide in Man During Infusion Urography.- Conventional Versus Low Osmolality Nonionic and Dimeric Intravenous Contrast Media: Noninvasive Evaluation of Hemodynamic Effects.- Comparative Study of the Effects of Two Contrast Media of Different Osmolarity on Pulmonary Hemodynamics and Lung Function.- Synergism of Radiographic Contrast Media and X-Irradiation.- Design and Synthesis of New Compounds for Hepatobiliary Imaging.- Comparative Double-blind Study of Three Different Oral Contrast Media in Cholecystography.- Can We Improve Cholecystography? A Multiple Factor Experiment.- Choice of Radiologic Contrast Medium: The Medico-legal Point of View.- Section G: Contrast Media and CT.- Optimal Contrast Media for CT: Ionic or Nonionic, Monomer or Dimer?.- The Value of Nonionic Contrast Media in CT.- Comparison of Contrast Enhancement Pharmacokinetics of Contrast Media in Clinical Patients.- Contrast Materials and the Liver: Application to Scanography X.- Water-soluble Contrast Agents for Computed Tomography of the Liver: Experimental Studies in Dog.- Contrast Enhancement Pharmacokinetics of Ionic and Nonionic Contrast Agents.- Section H: New Molecules and New Images.- Futurology of Contrast Media: A Partially Warranted Prophecy.- Two New Classes of Low-Osmotic Contrast Agents: Triiodinated Cations and Nonionic Dimers.- Experiences of Dimeric and Polymeric Contrast Agents.- Corporeal Distribution of Iodinated Lipid Emulsions in Terms of Particle Size.- Contrast Media for Long-term (Blood Pool) Opacification of the Vascular System.- Summary of the Round Table.

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Book SynopsisThere are many diagnostic imaging techniques for the radiological exarmna- tion of the abdomen. Noninvasive methods include supine and upright views of the abdomen (sometimes fluoroscopy and decubitus films); posteroanterior (PA) views of the chest; contrast studies of the alimentary tract; ultrasonogra- phy (US), scintigraphy, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Biopsy under fluoroscopic control and angiography are inva- sive techniques. Most of the errors described in this book are related to faulty interpretation; others are due to improper technique. For example, a patient with acute abdominal pain secondary to a perforated hollow viscus may be studied only by supine and upright views of the abdomen that do not include the subdi- aphragmatic regions. A complementary PA view of the chest or a left lateral decubitus film would, however, detect free air in the pentoneal cavity that the incomplete two-film study might have missed. Errors of techmque are due to under- or overexposure, long exammation times or an uncooperative patient (both of which can induce motion artIfacts), improper processing, and failure to perform the proper standard noninvasive or mvaSlVe modalitIes for examining the hollow viscus and the solid organs of the alimentary tract. In order to visualize the diaphragm and the supra- and mfradiaphragmatIc spaces, frontal and lateral chest roentgenograms complement the standard views of the abdomen. Fluoroscopy IS of great value m assessing diaphrag- matic motion as well as being essential when contrast media are utilized.Table of ContentsInterpretation of Radiological Examination.- Atlas.- Hepatic Pseudolesions.- Heart Motion.- Ligamentum Teres.- Bowel Interposition.- Enlarged Umbilical Veins.- Accessory Hepatic Fissure.- Congenital Anomalies of the Liver.- Dysplastic Liver Secondary to Omphalocele.- Absent Left Lobe.- Benign Liver Tumor Simulating Metastasis.- Cavernous Hemangioma.- Cavernous Hemangioma (MRI and CT).- Liver Infarcts Simulating Metastases.- Zand Infarcts.- Fatty Metamorphosis Simulating Liver Tumors.- Diffuse Fatty Infiltration.- Single Focal Fatty Mass.- Multiple Fatty Masses.- Juxtahepatic Tumor Simulating Liver Neoplasia.- Sarcoma of IVC.- Pseudosplenomegaly.- Enlarged Left Lobe of Liver.- Enlarged Left Kidney and Displaced Spleen.- “Wandering” Spleen.- Ectopic Spleen Simulating a Right Flank Tumor.- Ectopic Spleen.- Malrotation of the Spleen Simulating Left Adrenal or Pancreatic Tumor.- Malrotated Spleen.- Accessory Spleen, Heterotopic Splenic Tissue, and Splenic Remnants Simulating Tumors.- Accessory Spleen.- Heterotopic Spleen.- Splenic Remnant.- Normal Pancreas.- Cast-Corrosion Study of Duodenum, Pancreas, Spleen, Left Adrenal Gland, and Left Kidney.- Left Pseudoadrenal Tumor.- Normal Dorsally Directed Tail of the Pancreas.- Relocated Tail of the Pancreas Following Left Nephrectomy.- Pseudoretrogastric Mass Secondary to Fat.- Abundant Pancreatic and Peripancreatric Fat.- Focal Adiposity Simulating Retroduodenal Tumor.- Retroperitoneal Pseudotumor Due to Absence of Retroperitoneal Fat.- Emaciated Patient.- Pseudogastric Dilatation.- Injected Pancreatic Pseudocyst Simulating Gastric Dilatation.- Pseudotumor of Tail of the Pancreas.- Traumatic Aneurysm of Splenic Artery.- Splenic Arteriovenous Fistula Simulating a Mass in the Tail of the Pancreas.- Gastric Pseudoneoplasia.- Gastric Varices.- Pseudointernal Hernia.- Bowel Relocation Secondary to Agenesis of the Right Kidney.- Left Pseudoparaduodenal Hernia.- Retractile Mesenteritis with Mesenteric Fatty Mass and Adherent Bowel Loops.- Pelvic Mass Thought to Be Secondary to Colonic Pathology Pelvic Kidneys.- Pseudocancer of the Large Bowel Secondary to Ischemic Colitis.- Cecal Infarction.- Chronic Ulcerative Colitis with Superimposed Ischemic Colitis.- Segmental Ischemic Colitis.- Pseudoneoplasia Caused by Ischemic Malabsorption.- Chronic Intestinal Ischemia Simulating Malignancy.- Lesions Mimicking Carcinoma.- Intramural Hematomas of the Esophagus.- Pseudocalculi.- Pseudocalculi Due to Layering of Contrast Media.- Iatrogenic Disease.- Iatrogenic Short Bowel Syndrome.- Paravertebral Pseudomass Caused by Retroperitoneal Fat.- Normal Variant.- Retroperitoneal Pseudotumor Caused by Fat.- Fat Accumulation in the Left Paravertebral Region Displacing Left Ureter.- Extrinsic Cecal Pseudomass.- Psoas Hypertrophy.- Pseudoadrenal Mass Caused by Enlarged Veins.- Patient with Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia and Portal Hypertension.- Pseudohepatic Tumor Simulated by Adrenal Tumor.- Carcinoma of the Right Adrenal Gland.- Pseudohepatomegaly Simulated by Large Adrenal Tumor.- Nonfunctioning Pheochromocytoma of the Right Adrenal Gland.- Appendix: Tables 1-6.

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Book SynopsisNuclear cardiology is no longer a medical discipline residing solely in nuclear medicine. This is the first book to recognize this fact by integrating in-depth information from both the clinical cardiology and nuclear cardiology literature, and acknowledging cardiovascular medicine as the fundamental knowledge base needed for the practice of nuclear cardiology. The book is designed to increase the practitioner's knowledge of cardiovascular medicine, thereby enhancing the quality of interpretations through improved accuracy and clinical relevance.The text is divided into four sections covering all major topics in cardiology and nuclear cardiology: Basic Sciences and Cardiovascular Diseases Conventional Diagnostic Modalities Nuclear Cardiology Management of Cardiovascular Diseases Table of ContentsBasic Sciences.- The Heart: Anatomy, Physiology and Exercise Physiology.- Pathophysiology of Coronary Artery Disease.- Pathology of Coronary Artery Disease and Ischemic Heart Disease.- Pathophysiology of Diabetic Vascular Complications.- Conventional Investigation of Coronary Artery Disease and Ischaemic Heart Disease.- Clinical Assessment and Evaluation of the Cardiovascular System.- The Plain Chest Radiograph in the Assessment of Cardiac Disease.- Ischaemic and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Disease.- Electrocardiography and Exercise Stress Test.- Ambulatory Electrocardiography, Transient Event Monitors, and Continuous Loop Recorders.- Echocardiography and Contrast Echocardiography.- Dobutamine Stress Echocardiography.- Transesophageal echocardiography.- Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology – An Overview.- Cardiac Catheterization and Selective Coronary Angiography: Current Status and Limitations.- Emerging Role of Multi-detector CT Imaging.- Current Status of Cardiovascular MR Imaging.- Nuclear Cardiology.- Principles of Myocardial SPECT Imaging.- Radionuclides in Nuclear Cardiology: Current Status and Limitations.- Planar and SPECT Radiopharmaceuticals in Nuclear Cardiology: Current Status and Limitations.- Myocardial Perfusion Imaging for Risk Stratification in Suspected or Known Coronary Artery Disease: Current Status and Limitations.- Imaging Protocols in Myocardial Perfusion Scintigraphy.- Pharmacological Stress Myocardial Perfusion Imaging: Current Status and Limitations.- Gated Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) Imaging: Current Status and Limitations.- Myocardial Perfusion Scintigraphy in the Assessment of Post-Revascularization – Current Status and Limitations.- Nuclear Cardiology in Women.- Myocardial Perfusion Scintigraphy in Acute Chest Pain: Current Status and Limitations.- Myocardial Perfusion Scintigraphy in Diabetes: Current Status and Limitations.- Artefacts and Pitfalls in Myocardial Perfusion Imaging.- Multiple Gated Equilibrium Blood Pool Imaging (MUGA).- First Pass Studies – Current Status and Limitations.- Cardiac PET: Physics and Methodology.- PET Radiopharmaceuticals in Nuclear Cardiology: Current Status and Limitations.- Cardiac PET Imaging: Current Status and Limitations.- Paediatric Nuclear Cardiology.- Cardiac Adrenergic Imaging.- Management of Coronary Artery Disease and Ischaemic Heart Disease.- Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease.- Cardiovascular Medications: Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics.- Anti-Arrhythmic Drugs: Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics.- Coronary Angioplasty and Newer Interventional Strategies.- Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery: Science and Practice.- Minimally Invasive Cardiac Surgery.- Transmyocardial Revascularization.- Prevention of Re-Stenosis of Coronary Arteries by Radionuclides.- Cardiac Transplantation: Current Status and Limitations.

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsInhaltsangabe.- I. Biologischer Teil.- Physikalische und chemische Vorbemerkungen.- Chemische Wirkungen der radioaktiven Substanzen.- Einfluß der radioaktiven Substanzen auf Fermente.- Einwirkung der Becquerelstrahlen auf pflanzliche Organismen.- Einwirkung der Becquerelstrahlen auf niedere tierische Organismen.- Biologische Wirkungen der radioaktiven Substanzen bei höheren tierischen Organismen.- A. Durch lokale äußere Bestrahlung.- B. Durch Einverleibung.- Applikation und Dosierung der radioaktiven Substanzen.- 1. Beeinflussung des blutbildenden Apparats.- 2. Wirkung auf Herz und Gefäßsystem und auf das chromaffine Gewebe.- 3. Beeinflussung der Atemorgane.- 4. Beeinflussung des Magen-Darmtraktus.- 5. Wirkungen auf die Nieren.- 6. Einwirkung auf die Haut.- 7. Einfluß auf die Keimdrüsen.- 8. Wirkung der radioaktiven Substanzen auf den Stoffwechsel.- 9. Einfluß auf das Nervensystem.- Theoretische Schlußbetrachtungen.- II. Klinischer Teil.- Therapeutische Anwendungsformen.- Allgemeine Gesichtspunkte bei der Indikationsstellung.- I. Gelenkerkrankungen.- II. Erkrankungen des Nervensystems.- III. Erkrankungen der Muskeln.- IV. Erkrankungen des Nasen-Rachenraumes und des Respirationstraktus..- V. Erkrankungen des Herzens und der Gefäße.- VI. Erkrankungen des Intestinaltraktus.- VII. Erkrankungen der Nieren und der Blase.- VIII. Stoffwechselkrankheiten.- IX. Erkrankungen des blutbildenden Apparates.- X. Karzinome und Sarkome.- XI. Erkrankungen der Blutdrüsen.- Literatur.

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Book SynopsisA comprehensive reference and practical guide on the technology and application of ultrasound to the musculoskeletal system. It is organized into two main sections. The first is devoted to general aspects, while the second provides a systematic overview of the applications of musculoskeletal ultrasound in different areas of the body. Ultrasound scans are correlated with drawings, photographs, images obtained using other modalities, and anatomic specimens. There is a generous complement of high-quality illustrations based on high-end equipment. This book will acquaint beginners with the basics of musculoskeletal ultrasound, while more advanced sonologists and sonographers will learn new skills, means of avoiding pitfalls, and ways of effectively relating the ultrasound study to the clinical background.Trade ReviewFrom the book reviews:“The book is geared towards all specialities interested in musculoskeletal ultrasound, including orthopaedics surgeons, sports physicians, rheumatologists and of course radiologists. It would be just as useful to a novice as an experienced practitioner. … I found this book extremely useful with many little tips for improving my own skills. I would strongly recommend this book to anyone who is enthusiastic about musculoskeletal ultrasound.” (Shah Khan, British Journal of Hospital Medicine, Vol. 75 (6), June, 2014)"This book will serve as a terrific reading-room reference … to learn how to apply the cross-sectional modality of US to the musculoskeletal system. Best of all, it is fascinating, readable, and extremely well illustrated … . Each chapter is packed with pearls and is presented with clarity. … The same level of clarity, quality, readability, and comprehensiveness carries through every topic in every chapter. … It has the potential to be both an invaluable tutorial and a constantly used resource for subspecialist musculoskeletal radiologists." (Michael A. Bruno, Radiology, Vol. 252 (2), August, 2009)Table of ContentsIntrumentation: Technical Requirements (Derchi/Rizzatto); General: Skin/Subcutaneous Tissue (Valle/Zamorani); Muscle and Tendon (Zamorani/Valle ); Nerve and Vessels (Valle/Zamorani); Bone and Joint (Zamorani/Valle); Individual Anatomic Sites: Upper Limb:Shoulder (Bianchi/Martinoli); Arm (Martinoli/Bianchi ); Elbow (Bianchi/Martinoli); Forearm (Martinoli/Bianchi ); Wrist (Bianchi/ Martinoli); Hand (Martinoli/Bianchi ); Lower Limb: Hip (Martinoli/Bianchi); Thigh (Bianchi/Martinoli); Knee (Martinoli/Bianchi); Leg (Bianchi/Martinoli); Ankle (Martinoli/Bianchi); Foot (Bianchi/Martinoli); Interventional Procedures: US-guided Interventional Procedures in the Musculoskeletal System (Bianchi/Zamorani); Pediatric Applications: Pediatric Musculoskeletal Ultrasound (Martinoli/Valle); Subject Index; List of Contributors.

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Book SynopsisThe Institute of Nuclear Medicine, founded in 1961, celebrates with this Festschrift, its Golden Jubilee. It has been a remarkable 50 years of progress of the radionuclide tracer methodology. From initial, physiology based experimentation, a full independent medical discipline evolved, and with it, a comprehensive clinical service. Diagnosis and Treatment with radiotracers have established the basis for Nuclear Medicine. Technological advances have permeated the field like none other, its multidisciplinary character and its translational research are embedded in the history of the Institute and its success. Recent and latest advances in the field promise a future as bright as has been witnessed and documented in the last 50 years.Table of ContentsPart I: The first 25 years 1961-1985.- Part II: growth and progress 1986-2011.

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Book SynopsisThe value of ultrasound contrast agents (USCA) in clinical practice depends on the pharmacokinetics, the signal processing, and the contrast-specific imaging modalities. USCA are exogenous non-toxic substances smaller than red blood cells,which after intravenous administration must be stable enough to pass through the pulmonary capillary bed and enter the blood pool producing the necessary contrast enhancement for the duration of the examination. Recently, second-generation agents, such as SonoVue (Bracco Imaging SpA,Milan,Italy),have been introduced into the market. These agents,taking advantage of the stability of their microbubbles,withstand the acoustic pressure of insonation much better than previous USCA,resulting in an increased half-life of the agent and thus in a prolonged diagnostic window. These agents are blood pool agents that remain in the intravascular compartment and do not leak into the organ tissue. Therefore,they are used to - crease the Doppler signal amplitude during their dynamic vascular phase. Concomitant with the improvement of contrast agents,d- ferent contrast-specific imaging modalities have been developed which,used in combination with USCA and a low mechanical - dex (MI),allow continuous real-time grey-scale imaging. These - cent technical improvements have opened new possibilities in the use of USCA in a variety of indications,as shown in the contributions contained in this book. In the following chapters,some of the most distinguished users of second-generation USCA will share their knowledge and experience. The first contributor is Dr. Thomas Albrecht,Department of - diology, University Hospital of Berlin, Germany.Table of ContentsChapter 1-Dynamic Vascular Pattern of Focal Liver Lesions with Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound: Latest Results with SonoVue. Chapter 2-Usefulness of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in Characterization of Pancreatic and Renal Masses. Chapter 3-Improved Characterization of Reactive and Malignant Lymph Nodes using Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound. Chapter 4-Which Role for Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in Prostate Cancer Examination?

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Book Synopsistic knowledge, a multidisciplinary approach is indis­ Over the past 60 years, radiology has progressively uncovered the human body. At first a fleshless skele­ pensable: clinicians, radiologists, surgeons, radio­ therapists, and pathologists must all contribute their ton for global study, the body then appeared in slices, until with present techniques its smallest respective inputs for every patient referred. More­ over, experience is acquired through knowledge of structures are revealed. The physician at the com­ cases whose diagnosis is certain, and with which new puter console is constantly amazed at the never­ ending series of organ sections and their mUltiple cases can be compared. In this way a data base is created, whether in the physician'S memory or in images arising through manipulation of the signal. Cerebral convolutions, orbital content, bone mar­ that of the computer, which is helpful in making row, the face and all its bones can now be made visi­ diagnoses. ble without any danger to the patient. A lesion can be detected, located and identified; it can be ob­ Dr.Trade Review`Every radiology library should have this book and every radiologist and radiology resident should read it.' S. Gebarski in Journal of Roentgenology, July 1990Table of ContentsOne: Introduction.- Two: Technical Considerations.- 2.0 Summary.- 2.1 The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) phenomenon.- 2.2 Relaxation and magnetic relaxation times.- 2.3 Location of magnetic resonance signal.- 2.4 Pulse sequences.- 2.5 Image contrast.- 2.6 Signal-to-noise ratio (S/N), spatial resolution and imaging time.- 2.7 Image acquisition time.- 2.8 MR signal characteristics of soft tissues.- References for Chapter Two.- Three: Case Presentations.- A. Orbital and paraorbital regions.- Case 1. Orbital metastasis of renal cell carcinoma.- Case 2. Squamous cell carcinoma of the fronto-orbital region with invasion of the orbit, frontal bone and frontal sinus.- B. Paranasal sinuses, including nasal cavities.- Case 3. Rhabdomyosarcoma of the ethmoid and maxillary sinuses.- Case 4. Leiomyosarcoma of the antroethmoidal sinuses.- Case 5. Fibrous dysplasia of the sphenoethmoidal region.- Case 6. Adenocarcinoma of the nasal cavities and ethmoid sinuses.- Case 7. Chondrosarcoma of the sphenoid sinus.- Case 8. Squamous cell carcinoma of the nasopharynx, paranasopharyngeal space, and maxillary antrum.- C. Temporal bone/base of skull.- Case 9. Squamous cell carcinoma of the external auditory canal.- Case 10. Glomus tympanicum tumor with extension into the upper part of jugular fossa.- Case 11. Glomus jugulare tumor.- Case 12. Multiple myeloma presenting as a solitary lesion of the base of skull.- Case 13. Schwannoma of the jugular foramen with extension into the cerebellopontine angle, petrous bone, and neck.- Case 14. Recurrent cholesterol cyst of the base of skull.- D. Salivary glands.- Case 15. Mixed tumor of the left parotid gland.- Case 16. Warthin’s tumor of the right parotid gland and metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the right neck.- Case 17. Warthin’s tumor of the left parotid gland.- Case 18. Oncocytoma of the left parotid gland.- Case 19. Focal carcinoma in pleomorphic adenoma of the left parotid gland.- Case 20. Adenocarcinoma of the right parotid gland.- Case 21. Lipoma of the right parotid gland.- E. Nasopharynx.- Case 22. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma with bilateral metastatic lymph nodes.- Case 23. Advanced carcinoma of the nasopharynx.- F Oropharynx and oral cavity.- Case 24. Squamous cell carcinoma of the left retromolar trigone.- Case 25. Squamous cell carcinoma of the right tongue.- Case 26. Squamous cell carcinoma of the base of the tongue.- G. Larynx.- Case 27. Oat cell carcinoma of the epiglottis.- Case 28. Extensive supraglottic squamous cell carcinoma.- Case 29. Squamous cell carcinoma of the right pyriform fossa.- H. Hypopharynx.- Case 30. Squamous cell carcinoma of the hypopharynx.- Case 31. Carcinoma of the hypopharynx with huge right neck mass.- I. Parapharyngeal space.- Case 32. Paraganglioma of the glomus vagale in the neck.- Case 33. Mixed tumor of the left parapharyngeal space.- J. Neck.- Case 34. Branchial cleft cyst of the right neck.- Case 35. Cystic-appearing metastatic lymph node in the right neck.- References for Chapter Three.- Four: Mri Strategy in Evaluating Head and Neck Tumors.- 4.1 Introduction.- 4.2 Optimum MR imaging parameters.- 4.3 MR and head and neck imaging, according to anatomic areas.- 4.3.1 Orbital regions.- 4.3.2 Temporal bone/base of skull.- 4.3.3 Salivary glands — Parapharyngeal space.- 4.3.4 Paranasal sinuses.- 4.3.5 Nasopharynx.- 4.3.6 Oropharynx and oral cavity.- 4.3.7 Larynx, hypopharynx, and neck.- 4.4 Gadolinium-DTPA for MR imaging in the head and neck.- 4.5 Unresolved problems.- References for Chapter Four.- Five: Conclusions.

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Book SynopsisThis book is directed towards post-graduates who have passed Part I of the examination for Membership of the Royal College of Physicians and are preparing for Part II. However, it is hoped that physicians at all stages of their careers will find some parts that interest them. Most of the material has appeared in the Hospital Update series, 'Preparation for MRCP', but this has been modified and expanded; many useful points arising from correspondence relating to the series have been included, and the authors would like to express their thanks to those who have written. It is not intended that this should be used as a work of reference, although there is detailed discussion of some subjects. Only the written part of the examination is dealt with in detail, but the introduction contains hints on tackling the clinical sections which the authors hope the candidates will find valuable. There is, however, no substitute for clinical practice under supervision. The questions in Vll PREFACE the written section of the examination require short answers so that marking may be easy and objective. This book contains questions similar to those that may be encountered in the examination, but the answers have been expanded as a basis for discussion. It is hoped that this will encourage the candidate to read around the subjects covered, and the authors recommend that the questions are used as a basis for group discussion, as answers other than those in the text may be considered.Table of ContentsWritten section.- Clinical section.- Table of normal values.- Section 1: Case Histories.- Questions.- Answers.- Section 2: Slide Interpretation.- Questions: Colour slides.- Aids for X-ray interpretation.- Questions: X-rays.- Answers.- Section 3: Data Interpretation.- Aids for interpretation of cardiac catheter data.- Questions.- Answers.

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