Materials science Books

Book SynopsisThis volume looks at the latest methods used to study imaging techniques, metabolic tracing, and deep muscle phenotyping. Comprehensive and thorough, Neuromuscular Assessments of Form and Function is a valuable resource for researchers interested in multiple methods used to study skeletal muscle neurophysiology.Table of ContentsSeries Preface…Preface…Table of Contents…Contributing Authors…1. Estimation of Lean Soft Tissue by Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry as a Surrogate for Muscle Mass in Health, Obesity, and SarcopeniaCamila L. P. Oliveira, Ana P. Pagano, M. Cristina Gonzalez, and Carla M. Prado2. Analysis of Skeletal Muscle Mass from Pre-Existing Computed Tomography (CT) ScansKatherine L. Ford, Bruna Ramos da Silva, Ana Teresa Limon-Miro, and Carla M. Prado3. Imaging Skeletal Muscle by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)Robert H. Morris and Craig Sale4. Imaging of Skeletal Muscle Mass: UltrasoundMartino V. Franchi and Marco V. Narici5. Measures of Neuromuscular FunctionMichael D. Roberts and Jason M. Defreitas6. Neuromuscular Function: High-Density Surface ElectromyographyEduardo Martinez-Valdes and Francesco Negro7. Neuromuscular Function: Intramuscular Electromyography Mathew Piasecki and Daniel W. Stashuk8. Magnetic Resonance Quantification of Muscle Phosphocreatine Resynthesis Kinetics during Exercise Recovery: An In Vivo Measure of Mitochondrial Function in HumansJordan J. McGing, Susan T. Francis, Sébastien Serres, Gordon W. Moran, and Paul L. Greenhaff9. Immunohistochemistry, Microscopy, and Image Analysis of Human Muscle Biopsies: Muscle Fibre Denervation as a Working ExampleCasper Soendenbroe, Jesper L. Andersen, and Abigail L. Mackey10. Stable Isotope Tracer Methods for the Measure of Skeletal Muscle Protein TurnoverMatthew S. Brook, Daniel J. Wilkinson, and Ken Smith 11. Ex Vivo Human Single Muscle Fibers: An Insightful Approach to Skeletal Muscle FunctionCarlo Reggiani12. Myokines, Measurement, and Technical ConsiderationsCraig R. G. Willis, Colleen S. Deane, and Timothy Etheridge13. Skeletal Muscle Satellite Cell Physiology and Function: Complimentary In Vitro and In Vivo Models and MethodsMark Viggars, Andy Nolan, Adam Sharples, and Claire Stewart14. Using the Model Organism Caenorhabditis elegans to Explore Neuromuscular FunctionSamantha Hughes and Nathaniel Szewczyk15. Methodologies to Quantify Skeletal Muscle Blood Flow/PerfusionEleanor J. Jones and Bethan E. PhillipsSubject Index List…

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Book SynopsisGinzburgLandau theory is an important tool in condensed matter physics research, describing the ordered phases of condensed matter, including the dynamics, elasticity, and thermodynamics of the condensed configurations. In this systematic introduction to GinzbergLandau theory, both common and topological excitations are considered on the same footing (including their thermodynamics and dynamical phenomena). The role of the topological versus energetic considerations is made clear. Required mathematics (symmetry, including lattice translation, topology, and perturbative techniques) are introduced as needed. The results are illustrated using arguably the most fascinating class of such systems, high Tc superconductors subject to magnetic field. This book is an important reference for both researchers and graduate students working in condensed matter physics or can act as a textbook for those taking advanced courses on these topics.Trade Review'Baruch Rosenstein and Dingping Li, renowned experts in the theory of superconductivity, will guide readers, like Dante's Virgil, through the circles of the fascinating world of Topological Matter.' Andrey Varlamov, CNR-SPIN and University of Tor VergataTable of ContentsPreface. 1. Introduction and overview; Part I. Ordered Phases of Condensed Matter Disrupted by Topological Defects: 2. The phenomenological (Landau) description of the ordered condensed matter from magnets to Bose condensates; 3. Simplest topological defects; 4. Topological defects and their classification; Part II. Structure of the Topological Matter Created by Gauge Field: 5. Repulsion between solitons and viable vortex matter created by a gauge field; 6. Abrikosov vortices created by the magnetic field; 7. Structure and magnetization of the vortex lattice within London approximation; 8. Structure and megnetization of the vortex lattice within Abrikosov approximation; Part III. Excitation Modes of Condensate: Elasticity and Stability of the Topological Matter: 9. Linear stability analysis of the homogenous states; 10. Stability and the excitation spectrum of the single soliton and the vortex lattice; 11. Forces of solitons, pinning and elasticity of the vortex matter; Part IV. Dynamics of Condensates and Solitary Waves: 12. Dynamics of the order parameter field; 13. Solitary waves; 14. Viscous flow of the Abrikosov flux lattice; Part V. Thermal Fluctuations. 15. Statistical physics of mesoscopic degrees of freedom; 16. The Landau-Wilson approach to statistical physics of the interacting field fluctuations; 17. Thermal fluctuations in the vortex matter; Appendix; Index.

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Book SynopsisThis book will take an in-depth look at the technologies, processes, and capabilities to develop and produce next generation energetic materials for both commercial and defense applications, including military, mining operations, oil production and well perforation, and construction demolition. It will serve to highlight the critical technologies, latest developments, and the current capability gaps that serve as barriers to military fielding or transition to the commercial marketplace. It will also explain how the processing technologies can be spun out for use in other non-energetics related industries.Trade Review"This book is an excellent collection of current technical strategies in the field of energetic materials. Its writers and editors are leaders in the EM community. The preface provides good background on the current state and need of the field, while each chapter narrates current strides, goals and difficulties." — Jena McCollum, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, USA"This book is unique in so far as it does not only describe the synthesis of (new) energetic materials, but also discusses thermodynamic aspects, physical properties and diagnostics of such materials. Another equally important feature that makes this book highly valuable is its inclusion of the discussion of the transition from laboratory scale to industrial production. I am sure this book is going to become a "must" for all researchers in the field of energetic materials – whether they are academic or industrially-based people."— Thomas M. Klapötke, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany "This book is set apart from all others in the related field. It meshes a good bit of technical aspects with the program management of how business is done as it related to the energetic materials enterprise."— Scott Iacono, US Air Force Academy, Chemistry Research Center, USA"Excellent review. This book should find a place in the shelves of researchers in this area, administrators and law makers involved in funding research in this area."— Dabir S. Viswanath, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA and University of Texas at Austin, USA "By expertly discussing long-standing grand challenges to EM research, development, and production -in one text- this book serves as a Rosetta Stone; it enables our researchers, managers, and government officials to clearly understand each other’s language, constraints, and priorities. The broad reaching scope of this book will help make possible the necessary retooling of administrative and EM manufacturing infrastructures including the introduction of science-based principles into the energetic materials enterprise. In short, Energetic Materials: Advanced Processing Technologies for Next-Generation Materials is an essential business and PLM guidebook for modernizing the energetic materials industry."— Joseph M. Zaug, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA"This book (290 pages in total) is unique in so far as it does not only describe the synthesis of (new) energetic materials but also discusses thermodynamic aspects, physical properties, and diagnostics of such materials. Another equally important feature that makes this book highly valuable is that it includes a discussion of the transition from laboratory scale to industrial production.In summary, I am sure this book is going to become a "must" for all researchers in the field of energetic materials – whether they are academic- or industrially-based scientists."—Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics 2018Table of ContentsEnergetic Materials Capabilities in the United States. Science and Research. Prototyping and Development. Production. National Studies and Assessments. Critical Science and Technologies in the Life Cycle of Energetic Materials. Thermodynamic Solubility Modeling of Organic Energetic Materials. Chemical Synthesis and Reaction Schemes. Crystallization of Energetic Particles. Mixing and Coating Operations. Rheological Behavior of Energetic Gels and Suspensions. Continuous Processing and Shaping of Energetic Formulations. Loading, Assembly, and Packout (LAP). New Diagnostic Tools for Characterization of Energetic Materials. Characterizing Energetic Material Reactivity Using Experimental Diagnostics. Printed Energetics: The Path Toward Additive Manufacturing of Munitions. Combined Flame and Solutions Synthesis of Novel Energetic Nanomaterials. The National Technology and Industrial Base of the Future. The Nascent National Energetic Materials Consortium. Integration of U.S. Capabilities and Resources through Public-Private Partnerships. Transition from Laboratory Innovation to Production and Military Fielding. Index.

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Book SynopsisProviding detailed analysis of the thermal comfort assessment of clothing as the basis for developing standards, this book discusses the thermal protective role of clothing as a way of modelling heat transfer from the body, general thermal regulation of humans, and the importance of globally accepted test methods and standards to improve quality. New materials and discoveries in the study of thermal comfort necessitate the need for standard improvements and update. The development of international standards and the unification of testing methods is of crucial significance to ensure cost reduction and health protection. The book promotes instruments, methods, implementation of unified specifications, and the definition of standards so that a clear quality management system can be established, for both production systems and testing methods. It discusses standards in ergonomics of the thermal environment, clothing thermal characteristics, and subjective assessment of thermal coTrade Review"This book shows the importance of modeling heat losses from the human body as an important factor in optimizing the comfort of clothing, as well as the need for assessment of thermal comfort and standardization of the related testing methods…Except for chapters 2 and 3, where some quantitative analysis is presented, the treatment here is straightforward and descriptive. The book is just right for interested general readers with some knowledge of physics."--S. D. El Wakil, emeritus, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, CHOICE Table of Contents1. Introduction. 2. Behind the Scenes: Thermal Regulation in Humans. 3. Modelling the Heat Losses from the Human Body. 4. The Importance of Globally Accepted Test Methods and Standards. 5. The Standardization on Thermal Comfort. 6. Who Creates Standards? 7. The Standardisation on Thermal Comfort. 8. The Distribution of Standards on Thermal Comfort. 9. The Overview of the Most Significant Standards on Thermal Comfort. 10. Conclusion. 11. References. 12. Dictionary: Basic Terms and Units.

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Book SynopsisThe second edition of the Handbook of Induction Heating reflects the number of substantial advances that have taken place over the last decade in theory, computer modeling, semi-conductor power supplies, and process technology of induction heating and induction heat treating. This edition continues to be a synthesis of information, discoveries, and technical insights that have been accumulated at Inductoheat Inc. With an emphasis on design and implementation, the newest edition of this seminal guide provides numerous case studies, ready-to-use tables, diagrams, rules-of-thumb, simplified formulas, and graphs for working professionals and students.Trade Review"The 2nd Edition of the Handbook for Induction Heating is equivalent to having 3 world class experts on staff without paying high priced consulting fees. For your seasoned, and probably more importantly, your new and emerging manufacturing and process engineers, this comprehensive guide provides the details your company needs to compete around the world. Significant technical achievements have occurred since 2002 with the last edition. Rudnev, Loveless, and Cook have compiled an indispensable, world class text replete with the basics and advanced concepts of induction heating. The case studies also illustrate and inspire the design and deployment of innovative concepts which transform theory into application. If you are not reading and using this tour de force, it is safe to say that your competitors have read and marked up their copies."—Jon D. Tirpak, PE, FASM; Executive Director, Forging Defense Manufacturing Consortium, and Past President, ASM International (2015 – 2016)"As an automotive plant we are performing several heat treatment processes, among them induction hardening. Rear axle shafts, ring gears, couplers, etc. … all require induction hardening in order to obtain the required material properties like case depth, surface hardness, … . Although we have decades of experience, it is of crucial importance to have -theoretical and practical- technical support from specialists. The Handbook of Induction Heating is an exceptional help and reference work for everyone that is involved in IH. Not only when everything goes fine, but also when you face problems like undesirable or unexplainable results after IH, machine issues, etc. This book has given us the answer to many questions over the years and it will continue to do that. The 2nd edition is even more enhanced, and contains again a wide spectrum of many different issues that belong to the world of the practitioners of IH. One more thing to add: in the seldom event that one of the problems you face is not mentioned in the book, you can easily turn to the authors and ask them your question. This is what we experienced and appreciate enormously."—Mike Bogaerts, Supervisor Materials and Chemical Lab, CNH Industrial, Antwerp, Belgium"Induction heating is used in many applications which include heat treatment, forging, extrusion, rolling, bonding, brazing, sealing, shrink fitting, drying, and bending. A thorough knowledge of the process enables one to optimize its use in ever-increasing number of applications. This handbook assimilates the broad experience of the authors to accomplish this need." — Tirupathi R. Chandrupatla, Rowan University, New Jersey, USA"A very comprehensive, must-have textbook that heat treatment engineers should definitely read. You can learn every aspect of induction hardening and become an expert starting from scratch."—Tusaş Motor Sanayii, Ali Fırat Dinler, Turkey"The 2nd Edition of the Handbook for Induction Heating is equivalent to having 3 world class experts on staff without paying high priced consulting fees. For your seasoned, and probably more importantly, your new and emerging manufacturing and process engineers, this comprehensive guide provides the details your company needs to compete around the world. Significant technical achievements have occurred since 2002 with the last edition. Rudnev, Loveless, and Cook have compiled an indispensable, world class text replete with the basics and advanced concepts of induction heating. The case studies also illustrate and inspire the design and deployment of innovative concepts which transform theory into application. If you are not reading and using this tour de force, it is safe to say that your competitors have read and marked up their copies."—Jon D. Tirpak, PE, FASM; Executive Director, Forging Defense Manufacturing Consortium, and Past President, ASM International (2015 – 2016)"As an automotive plant we are performing several heat treatment processes, among them induction hardening. Rear axle shafts, ring gears, couplers, etc. … all require induction hardening in order to obtain the required material properties like case depth, surface hardness, … . Although we have decades of experience, it is of crucial importance to have -theoretical and practical- technical support from specialists. The Handbook of Induction Heating is an exceptional help and reference work for everyone that is involved in IH. Not only when everything goes fine, but also when you face problems like undesirable or unexplainable results after IH, machine issues, etc. This book has given us the answer to many questions over the years and it will continue to do that. The 2nd edition is even more enhanced, and contains again a wide spectrum of many different issues that belong to the world of the practitioners of IH. One more thing to add: in the seldom event that one of the problems you face is not mentioned in the book, you can easily turn to the authors and ask them your question. This is what we experienced and appreciate enormously."—Mike Bogaerts, Supervisor Materials and Chemical Lab, CNH Industrial, Antwerp, Belgium"Induction heating is used in many applications which include heat treatment, forging, extrusion, rolling, bonding, brazing, sealing, shrink fitting, drying, and bending. A thorough knowledge of the process enables one to optimize its use in ever-increasing number of applications. This handbook assimilates the broad experience of the authors to accomplish this need." — Tirupathi R. Chandrupatla, Rowan University, New Jersey, USA"A very comprehensive, must-have textbook that heat treatment engineers should definitely read. You can learn every aspect of induction hardening and become an expert starting from scratch."—Tusaş Motor Sanayii, Ali Fırat Dinler, TurkeyTable of ContentsIntroduction. Industrial Applications of Induction Heating. Theoretical Background. Heat Treatment by Induction. Joining Applications. Induction Mass Heating. Power Supplies for Modern Induction Heating. Epilogue. Appendix A. References. Index.

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Book SynopsisWhen combined with reinforcing agents, plastics can be used for a number of high-temperature applications. Plastics Reinforcement and Industrial Applications provides a detailed discussion on plastics, polymers, and reinforcing agents (including organic and natural biomaterials). Focused specifically on improving the mechanical, thermal, and electrical stability of plastics by combining them with reinforcing agents, this book explains the background of reinforced plastics and describes how they work. The book examines reinforcing agents that include glass fibers, carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes, graphite, talc, and minerals, and commonly used plastics such as polyamides, polyesters, polyethylene terephthalate, and epoxy resins. It also introduces newer plastics such as polyimides, polysulfones, polyethersulfone, polyphenylene sulfide, and polyether ether ketones. It highlights recent developments in the field that include the use of nanocomposites for manufacTable of ContentsIntroduction. Measurement of Mechanical Properties of Reinforced Plastics. Mechanical Properties of Reinforced Plastics. Thermal Properties of Reinforced Plastics. Electrical Properties of Reinforced Plastics. Thermal and Thermooxidative Degradation of Reinforced Polymers. Applications of Reinforced Plastics. Applications of Reinforced Plastics in the Automobile Industry. Applications of Reinforced Plastics in the General Engineering Industry. Applications of Reinforced Plastics in the Aerospace Industry. Radiation Resistance of Unreinforced and Reinforced Plastics. Unreinforced and Reinforced Fire Retardant Polymers.

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Book SynopsisSince the publication of its Third Edition, there have been many notable advances in ceramic engineering. Modern Ceramic Engineering, Fourth Edition serves as an authoritative text and reference for both professionals and students seeking to understand key concepts of ceramics engineering by introducing the interrelationships among the structure, properties, processing, design concepts, and applications of advanced ceramics. Written in the same clear manner that made the previous editions so accessible, this latest edition has been expanded to include new information in almost every chapter, as well as two new chapters that present a variety of relevant case studies. The new edition now includes updated content on nanotechnology, the use of ceramics in integrated circuits, flash drives, and digital cameras, and the role of miniaturization that has made our modern digital devices possible, as well as information on electrochemical ceramics, updated discussions on LEDs, lasers andTable of ContentsPart I: Ceramics as Engineering Materials. Part II: Structure and Properties. Part III: Processing of Ceramics. Part IV: Design with Ceramics. Part V: Applying Ceramics to Real World Challenges

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Book SynopsisDesigned for the general engineering student, Introduction to Engineering Materials, Second Edition focuses on materials basics and provides a solid foundation for the non-materials major to understand the properties and limitations of materials. Easy to read and understand, it teaches the beginning engineer what to look for in a particular material, offers examples of materials usage, and presents a balanced view of theory and science alongside the practical and technical applications of material science.Completely revised and updated, this second edition describes the fundamental science needed to classify and choose materials based on the limitations of their properties in terms of temperature, strength, ductility, corrosion, and physical behavior. The authors emphasize materials processing, selection, and property measurement methods, and take a comparative look at the mechanical properties of various classes of materials. Chapters include discussions of atomic structure and bonds, imperfections in crystalline materials, ceramics, polymers, composites, electronic materials, environmental degradation, materials selection, optical materials, and semiconductor processing. Filled with case studies to bring industrial applications into perspective with the material being discussed, the text also includes a pictorial approach to illustrate the fabrication of a composite. Consolidating relevant topics into a logical teaching sequence, Introduction to Engineering Materials, Second Edition provides a concise source of useful information that can be easily translated to the working environment and prepares the new engineer to make educated materials selections in future industrial applications.Table of ContentsIntroduction, Properties and Their Measurement, Atomic Structure and Atomic Bonds, Structure of Crystalline Solids, Diffusion and Plastic Deformation, Property Management of Metallic Materials, Ceramics, Structure and Properties of Polymers, Composites, Electrical Properties of Materials, Magnetic Materials, Optical Materials, Semiconductor Processing, Environmental Degradation of Engineering Materials, Materials and Process Selection, Ferrous and Nonferrous Metals for Special Applications, Comparative Properties, Index

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Book SynopsisTitanium alloys are metallic materials which contain a mixture of titanium and other chemical elements. Such alloys have very high tensile strength and toughness (even at extreme temperatures), light weight, extraordinary corrosion resistance, and ability to withstand extreme temperatures. However, the high cost of both raw materials and processing limit their use to military applications, aircraft, spacecraft, medical devices, connecting rods on expensive sports cars and some premium sports equipment and consumer electronics. This book reviews the recent work on the synthesis of multiphase composites in titanium base alloys to develop high strength and light weight materials with metastable phases. In vitro and in vivo experiments reporting biological performance of Ti-based materials modified by light are also reviewed. Other chapters focus on ultrasonic machining of titanium and its alloys, biomedical applications of laser induced surface modification of titanium alloys, fatigue studies of biomedical titanium alloys, bioactive titanium surfaces, and titanium-base nano-ultrafine eutectic and composites.

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Book SynopsisUnderstanding chemical and solid materials and their properties and behavior is fundamental to chemical and engineering design. With some of the world’s leading experts describing their most recent research, this book describes the procedures for material selection and design to ensure that the most suitable materials for a given application are identified from the full range of materials, chemicals, and section shapes available. Several case studies have been developed to further illustrate procedures and to add to the practical implementation of the text. Table of ContentsSimulation of Penetration of Steel Projectile with Ogive Nose into the Sandwich Target with Foam, Polystyrene and Poly Rubber Core Is Using Autodyne Software. Simulation of Penetration of Tungsten Projectile into the Composite Ceramics-Metal Target Using Autodyn Software. Chemical Modification of Syndiotacic 1,2-Polybutadiene. Specifics of Selective Wetting of Some Metal Substrates and Their Oxides. Technical Notes in Applied Quantum Chemistry. New Insights in Nanoporous Membrane Science. Structure and Ozone Resistance of Vulcanized Acrylonitrile-Butadiene Rubbers with Poly (Vinyl Chloride) Blends. Morphology and Physical-Mechanical Parameters of Poly (3-Hydroxybutyrate) – Polyvinyl Alcohol Blends. Prospective Production Ways of New Heat-Resisting Materials Based on Polyimides. Protective Properties of Modified Epoxy Coatings. Modification of Polyamide- 6 by N, N'- Bis – Maleamidoacid12. Efficient Synthesis of a Bisspiro-3,1-Benzoxazin-4,1’-Cyclopentanes. Polyconjugated Linear and Cardo Oligomers Based on Aromatic Diamines and Their Thermal Properties. Alkylation of Aromatic Hydrocarbons by Polyhalogen-Containing Cyclopropanes. GNrH Analogues as Modulator of LH & FSH: Exploring Clinical Importance.

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Book SynopsisThe technique of Quasi-Elastic Neutron Scattering (QENS) is a powerful experimental tool for extracting temporal and spatial information at the nanoscale from both soft and hard condensed matter systems. However, while seemingly simple, the method is beset with sensitivities that, if ill considered, can hinder data interpretation and possibly publication. By highlighting key theoretical and data evaluation aspects of the technique, this specialised ‘primer style’ training resource encourages research success by guiding new researchers through a typical QENS experiment; from planning and sample preparation considerations to data reduction and subsequent analysis. Research examples are referenced throughout to illustrate the concepts addressed, with the book being written in such a way that it remains accessible to chemists, biologists, physicists, and materials scientists.Table of ContentsIf You Read Nothing Else...; What is QUENS?; Which Spectrometer Should I Choose?; Facility Access; The Measurement; Data Reduction; Elastic and Inelastic Fixed Window Scans; S(Q,ω) and I(Q,t); And Finally

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Book SynopsisThe design of mechanical components for various engineering applications requires the understanding of stress distribution in the materials. The need of determining the nature of stress distribution on the components can be achieved with experimental techniques.Applications and Techniques for Experimental Stress Analysis is a timely research publication that examines how experimental stress analysis supports the development and validation of analytical and numerical models, the progress of phenomenological concepts, the measurement and control of system parameters under working conditions, and identification of sources of failure or malfunction. Highlighting a range of topics such as deformation, strain measurement, and element analysis, this book is essential for mechanical engineers, civil engineers, designers, aerospace engineers, researchers, industry professionals, academicians, and students.

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Book SynopsisElectrolytes are indispensable components in electrochemistry and the fast-growing electrochemical energy storage markets. Research in electrolytes has witnessed exponential growth in recent years, accompanied by their applications in the most popular electrochemical cell ever invented, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). In myriads of LIBs, electrolytes and their interphases determine how high the voltage of a battery is, how many times it can be charged/discharged, or how rapid the energy stored therein could be released. The conquest of further technical challenges around safety, life and cost-effectiveness of lithium-based or beyond-lithium batteries requires in-depth understanding of electrolytes and interphases. This will be the authoritative textbook for those entering the field. Chapters will establish the fundamental principles for the field, before moving onto important knowledge acquired in recent years. There will be special emphasis on linking these fundamentals to real-world problems encountered in devices, especially lithium-ion batteries. The book will be suitable for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students in electrochemical energy storage, electrochemistry, materials science and engineering, as well as researchers new to the subject.Table of ContentsWhat is an Electrolyte?;Modern Electrolytes;In Bulk Electrolytes: Ionics;Quantification of Ion–Ion Interaction: Debye-Hückel Theory;Ion Transport in Electrolytes; When Electrolyte Meets Electrodes: Interface;Linking Ionics with Electrodics;When Electrode Operates Beyond Electrolyte Stability Limits: Interphase;Electrochemical Devices;Lithium-metal, Lithium-ion and Other Batteries;Phase Diagrams of Liquid Electrolytes;Ion Solvation;Static Stability of Electrolytes;Ion Transport;Interfaces;Interphases;New Concepts and Tools;Outlook

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Book SynopsisDiscrete Element Methods (DEM) is a numerical technique for analysing the mechanics and physics of particulate systems. Originated in the late seventies for analysing geotechnical problems, it has seen significant development and is now employed extensively across disciplines. Produced in celebration of the 70th Birthday of Colin Thornton, this book contains a selection of papers concerning advances in discrete element modelling which were presented at the International Symposium on Discrete Element Modelling of Particulate Media held at Birmingham, UK on 28-30th March, 2012. The book showcases the wide application of discrete element modelling in gas-solid fluidisation, particulate flows, liquid-solid systems and quasi-static behaviour. It also reports the recent advancement in coupled DEM with computational fluid dynamics, Lattice Boltzmann Methods for multiphase systems and the novel application of DEM in contact electrification and fracture of granular systems. Aimed at research communities dealing with this technique in the powder handling and formulation industries, this will be a welcomed addition to the literature in this area.Table of ContentsTwo-Phase Systems; Cohesive Systems; Granular Flows; Quasi-Static Deformation; Subject Index

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Book SynopsisDue to their impressive performance biological adhesives have inspired the development of superior industrial adhesives. Biological adhesives often provide elegant solutions to engineering and biomedical requirements and are expected to inspire future technological innovations for adhesives for use in hostile conditions. Containing a selection of papers presented at the 1st International Conference on Biological and Biomimetic Adhesives, this book will showcase the latest advances in the chemical and structural characterisation of adhesives, the mechanical testing of adhesives and theory, fabrication and applications of biomimetic adhesives. Following the work of COST Action TD0909, the aim is to gain greater understanding of the mode of action of biological adhesives to allow successful development of improved synthetic counterparts. Appealing to a wide range of researchers in biology, chemistry, physics and engineering, the title provides the background and drive to improve scientific and technological progress in this important area.Table of ContentsBioadhesive Characterisation; Modelling of Biomimetic Systems; Targeting Specific Applications; Surface Modification for Optimal Bonding/Debonding; Conference outlook

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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Book SynopsisThis book introduces the fundamentals of biobanking and guides through the practical planning thereof, with a special focus on the situation in low- and middle-income countries. On the example of the setup of a Ukrainian biobank the book discusses the main steps and aspects of successful biorepository implementation and management. Topics covered include collection, storage and shipping of samples, establishment of an IT system, development of a sustainability plan, and project and risk management. Furthermore, the importance of the formation of international biobanking societies such as the Ukraine Association of Biobanks is highlighted, and their main objectives and tasks are discussed.The book addresses life science and business professionals as well as national authorities who are interested in biobanking in general and in setting up a biobank in particular. Table of Contents1. Introduction1.1. Literature Review1.1.1. Definition of biobanks1.1.2. Problems and the destitution for principle1.2 Scientific relevance of biobanks. Examples of biobanks1.2.1. Types of biobanks1.3. Ethical and legal principles1.4. Biobank management model and sustainability plan 1.4.1. SWOT analysis1.4.2. The mission1.5. Concepts specific for developing countries2. Methods2.1. Questionnaire: Survey development and content, participant selection2.2. Interviews: market analysis2.3. Team meetings: Development and implementation3. Results and summary of findings3.1. Step I: Ethics and law in the Ukraine Biobank3.1.1. Ethical regulations3.1.2. Access Policy3.2. Step II: Collection and Management of Samples3.2.1. Clarification of Conditions of Shipment of Samples3.2.2. Clinical Collection3.3. Step III: Risk Management and Biobanking3.4. Step IV: Quality Management and Quality Control. Quality Control Samples and SOP`s3.4.1. Quality Control Samples and SOP3.5. Step V: Governance and Stakeholder analysis3.6. Biobanking IT system3.6.1. Data base structure3.6.2. Web application3.7. Ukraine Biobank management model and sustainability plan3.7.1. Ukraine Biobank management model3.7.2. Sustainability plan and Project management3.8. Established Biobank in Ukraine Association3.9. Development and Progress of Ukraine’s Biobank Network3.10. The way to standardization3.11. Sample Access Policy3.12. Science and Innovation of Ukraine Association of Biobank4. Discussion5. Conclusion 6. List of figures7. References8. Internet Sources

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Book SynopsisThis revised, new edition retains its class-tested coverage of how metals behave in water while updating and expanding information about metals processing methods. The book further retains its emphasis on predicting and engineering the way metals are extracted from ore sources, separated from unwanted entities, recovered as metals, and purified using water based processing. The transformation of minerals to metals requires hydrometallurgical processing for nearly all of the nonferrous metals we use. This book elucidates the associated fundamentals and processing applications as well as related tools to assess processes and performance. The new edition further includes additional photographs, updated drawings, supplementary data, updated descriptive information, and new detail on rare earth elements processing as well as recycling and byproduct recovery of metals.Table of ContentsIntroduction.- Chemical Fundamentals of Hydrometallurgy.- Speciation and Phase Diagrams.- Rate Processes.- Metal Extraction.- Separation of Dissolved Metals.- Metal Recovery Processes.- Metal Utilization.- Environmental Issues.- Process Design Principles.- General Economics for Hydrometallurgical Processes.- General Statistics for Hydrometallurgical Applications.- Appendix A: Atomic Weights.- Appendix B: Miscellaneous Constants.- Appendix C: Conversion Factors.- Appendix D: Free Energy Data.- Appendix E: Laboratory Calculations.- Appendix F: Selected Ionic Species Data.- Appendix G: Standard Half-Cell Potentials.- Appendix H: General Terminology.- Appendix I: Common Sieve Sizes.- Appendix J: Metals and Minerals

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Book SynopsisThis book provides a comprehensive review of the production of smelter grade alumina from bauxite ores. It emphasizes the best practices applied in the industry today but seen in a historical context with a view to future challenges and developments. The control of alumina quality is discussed in detail including the effects that alumina quality have on the aluminum smelter process with respect to environmental performance, current efficiency, and metal purity. The discussion of alumina quality will be relevant to people on the smelter side, as this is the interface between refinery and smelter. Emphasis is placed on the major steps of the Bayer Process including: digestion, clarification, precipitation, calcination, and management of water, energy, and bauxite residue. This book is a valuable resource for active, seasoned practitioners and for new engineers entering the industry.Table of Contents1. Introduction: Primary Aluminium - Alumina - Bauxite (Benny E. Raahauge)i. Property Driven Applicationsii. Supply-Demand Balance and Forecastiii. Cost Drivers and Pricingiv. Environmental Footprints and Challenges2. Bauxite Mineralogy, Classification and Beneficiation (Hydro/RTA?)i. Bauxite Resourcesii. Mineralogy and Chemistryiii. Classification from Bayer Process Perspectiveiv. Beneficiation Options3. Bayer Process Design and Physical Chemistry (Steve Healy)i. Bayer Process Design Overviewii. Liquor Properties - Physio Chemical Dataiii. Lime (CaO) Chemistry4. Bauxite Processing - Crushing/Grinding, De-silication and Digestion (CSIRO?)i. Crushing & Grindingii. Silica Chemistry, Desilication Kinetics and Reactor Designiii. Digestion Chemistry, Breakpoint and Kineticsa. Maximum Extractable Alumina (MEA) and Breakpointb. Digestion Modelsc. Degradation of Organicsiv. Digestion Conditions, Bauxite Mineralogy and Yielda. Effect of Lime additionb. Impact of impuritiesv. Applied Digestion Technology and Heat Consumptiona. Autoclavesb. Tube Digesterc. Double Digestionvi. Digester Mass and Heat Balancesa. Theoretical Heat of Digestionb. Boiling Point Elevationc. Steam Requirements5. De-sanding - Floculation / Sedimentation - Liquor Filtration (Tim Laros)i. De-Sanding Equipmentii. Flocculation and Sedimentation Principlesiii. Mud Rheology, Rake Drives and Mud Pumpingiv. Decantation and Clarification Technologyv. Rise Rate and Tank Designvi. Pregnant/Green Liquor Filtration Options and Trends6. Bauxite Residue: Washing - Dewatering (Tim Laros) and Disposal (Paul McGlade)i. Mud Washing - Recovery of Soda and Aluminaii. Dewatering Options: Filtration and Centrifuginga. Filtration Theory and Applicationsb. Filtration Pressure and Equipment Optionsc. Centrifuge Theory and Applicationsiii. Mud Cake Disposal Options and Principlea. Wet Disposal w/wo Neutralizationb. Dry Stacking w/wo Mud Farmingc. Dry Disposal 7. Hydrate Precipitation (Dennis R. Audet) , Classification and Filtration (Manfred Bach)i. Hydrate Crystallization Fundamentalsa. Nucleation, Agglomeration, Breakage and Growthb. Crystallization Mechanism and Kineticsc. Heat of Crystallizationd. Control of Residual Sodae. Impact of Organics and other impurities on Yieldii. Precipitation Flow Sheets and Particle Morphologya. Retention Time and Temperature Profile impact on Yieldb. Modelling of Precipitation Flow sheetiii. Precipitator Tank Design Optionsa. Agitation and Mixingb. Hydrodynamic Effects on Yieldiv. Classification Options and Mass Balance Controla. Hydro Clonesb. Fine Seed Thickenerv. Seed and Product Hydrate Filtration Optionsa. Seed Preparationb. Washing Efficiency and Flow sheets8. Liquor Purification and Impurity Control (Steve Healy)i. Organics removalii. Removal of Inorganic impuritiesa. Ironb. Phosphorc. Other…9. Water Balance, Evaporation, Heat Exchange and Co-Generation (Daniel Thomas)i. Refinery Water Balanceii. Bayer Process Heat Balancea. Heat Transfer b. Inter-department heat exchangeiii. Evaporationiv. Co-Generation of Steam and Power10. Alumina Production by Calcination (Benny E. Raahauge)i. Calcination Chemistry, Phase Changes and Combustiona. Chemistry, Degree of Calcination and Stoichiometryb. Crystalline and X-Ray Amorphous Phasesc. Fuels and Combustion Products - Acid dew Pointii. Drying and Calcination Theorya. Gas-Solid Heat Transfer and Drying/Calcinationb. Heat Conductionc. Alpha Phase Formation and Kineticsiii. Heat of Calcinationa. Standard Heats of Reactionb. Calcination Heat in Practiceiv. Calcination Furnace/Reactor Design and Operating Conditionsa. Rotary Kilnb. Fluid Flash (FF) and Gas Suspension Calciner (GSC)c. Fluidization and the Circulating Fluid Bed (CFB)d. Gas Suspension Calciner Reaction Modelv. Gas-Solid Separation in Cyclonesvi. Air Pollution Control and Dust Managementa. Gas Emissions and Carbon Foot Printb. Particulate Dust Emissions and Management Optionsc. Electrostatic Precipitator or Bag House vii. Refractory Selection and Surface Heat Lossesviii. Calcination Flow Sheet Optionsa. Heat Recovery Optionsb. Hydrate By-Pass and Alumina Qualityc. Heat Balance and Specific Heat Consumptiond. Specific Power Consumptionix. Particle Breakdown and Strength During Calcinationa. Particle Breakdown Defined and Observedb. Attrition Index Defined and Observedc. Impact from Precipitation and Calcination11. Alumina Quality, HF Removal, Dissolution and Aluminium Purity (Stephen Lindsay)i. Chemical Composition of Smelter Grade Aluminaa. Loss of Ignition (LOI) and Degree of Calcinationb. Phase Composition and Alpha Alumina Contentc. Chemical Composition and Gibbsite ii. Physical Properties of Smelter Grade Aluminaa. Particle Size Distribution, Dustiness and Attrition Indexb. Angle of Repose and Flow abilityc. Bulk Density and Heat Conductivity d. Specific Surface Area and Pore Size Distributioniii. Efficient HF Removal and Dry-Scrubber Efficiency (Margaret Hyland)a. Sources of HF from Smeltingb. Pore Size Distribution and accessible Specific Surface Area Primary Alumina Secondary Aluminac. The Role of Sulfur Dioxide?iv. Alumina Dissolution and Current Efficiency (Pascal Lavoie)a. Theoretical Analysis of Dissolution Processb. Dissolution Rate under Laboratory Conditions Effect of Particle Size Distribution: Sandy vs Floury Effect of Phase Composition: Gamma vs Alphac. Impact of Calcination Technologyd. Impact of Alumina Feeder Design and Operation v. Impurities impact on Aluminium Production, Purity and Propertiesa. Soda and CaOb. Silica and Ironc. Phosphor and Berylliumd. Vanadium and Sulfur12. Alumina Storage and Handling Options13. Health, Safety and Plant Management (Carlos Suarez)14. Process Control, Simulation and Operator Training (NN?)15. Process Economics and Plant Design (Peter-Hans Ter Weer)

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Book SynopsisThis updated second edition brings the complex mathematics of three-dimensional dynamics to life with real-time simulations, making the equations easier to grasp.

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Book SynopsisThis expansive volume presents the essential topics related to construction materials composition and their practical application in structures and civil installations. The book's diverse slate of expert authors assemble invaluable case examples and performance data on the most important groups of materials used in construction, highlighting aspects such as nomenclature, the properties, the manufacturing processes, the selection criteria, the products/applications, the life cycle and recyclability, and the normalization. Civil Engineering Materials: Science, Processing, and Design is ideal for practicing architects; civil, construction, and structural engineers, and serves as a comprehensive reference for students of these disciplines.This book also:· Provides a substantial and detailed overview of traditional materials used in structures and civil infrastructure· Discusses properties of natural and synthetic materials in construction and materials' manufacturing processes· Addresses topics important to professionals working with structural materials, such as corrosion, nanomaterials, materials life cycle, not often covered outside of journal literature · Diverse author team presents expect perspective from civil engineering, construction, and architecture · Features a detailed glossary of terms and over 400 illustrations Table of ContentsHydraulic Binders.- Renders.- Gypsum Plasters.- Concrete.- Bituminous Materials.- Steel.- Ceramics.- Glasses.- Ornamental Stones.- Polymers.- Wood.- Cork.- Nano.- Corrosion.- Structural Adhesives.- Organic Coatings.- Environmental Impact.- Certification.- Aggregates.

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Book SynopsisThis book describes improvements in the iron and steel making process in the past few decades. It also presents new and improved solutions to producing high quality products with low greenhouse emissions. In addition, it examines legislative regulations regarding greenhouse emissions all around the world and how to control these dangerous emissions in iron and steel making plants. Table of ContentsPart I Sintering Plants Operations.- 1 Sinter Plant Operations: Raw Materials.- 2 Predictions of PCDD/F, SOx, NOx and Particulates in the Iron Ore Sintering Process of Integrated Steelworks.- 3 Dangerous emissions reduction in sintering plants.- 4 Pollutants Emission and Control for Sintering Flue Gas.- 5 Sinter Plant Operations: Hazardous emissions.- Part II Blast Furnace Operations.- 6 Recent Trends in Ironmaking Blast Furnace Technology to Mitigate CO2 Emissions Top Charging Materials.- 7 Dangerous emissions in blast furnace operations.- 8 Mathematical Simulation of Blast Furnace Operation.- 9 CO2 emissions reduction in Blast Furnaces.- 10 Recent Trends in Ironmaking Blast Furnace Technology to Mitigate CO2 Emissions Recent Trends in Ironmaking Blast Furnace Technology to Mitigate CO2 Emissions.- 11 Low CO2 emission by improving CO utilization ratio in China’s blast furnaces.- Part III Electric Arc Steelmaking.- 12 Dioxins emissions control in Electric Arc Furnaces for Steel Production.- 13 Emission of high toxicity airborne pollutants from electric arc furnaces during steel Production.- 14 Use of Sustainable Inorganic Binders in the Treatment of Bag-House Dust.- 15 Dangerous Emissions during Steelmaking in Electric Arc Furnaces (EAFs).- 16 Electric Arc Furnace.- Part IV Greenhouse emissions.- 17 Waste Materials recycling in Steelmaking operations.- 18 Pollution Air Control in Sinter Plants.- 19 Risk Assessment and Control of Emissions from Iron and Steelmaking.- 20 CO2 Emission in China’s Iron and Steel Industry.- 21 Recent progress and future trends of CO2 breakthrough iron and steelmaking technologies for CO2 mitigation.- 22 Manganese emissions from steelmaking.- 23 Potential of best available and radically new technologies for cutting carbon dioxide emissions in ironmaking.- 24 Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Energy Consumption of Ironmaking Processes.

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Book SynopsisThis textbook imparts a firm understanding of the behavior of prestressed concrete and how it relates to design based on the 2014 ACI Building Code. It presents the fundamental behavior of prestressed concrete and then adapts this to the design of structures. The book focuses on prestressed concrete members including slabs, beams, and axially loaded members and provides computational examples to support current design practice along with practical information related to details and construction with prestressed concrete. It illustrates concepts and calculations with Mathcad and EXCEL worksheets. Written with both lucid instructional presentation as well as comprehensive, rigorous detail, the book is ideal for both students in graduate-level courses as well as practicing engineers. Table of ContentsBasic Concepts.- Prestressed Concrete Applications.- Materials.- Partial loss of Prestress.- Flexural Basics of Analysis and Design.- Flexure - Design.- Shear and Torsion.- Camber and Deflections.- Continuous Slabs and Beams.- Composite Beams.- Two-way Slabs.- Axially Loaded Members.- Spliced Girders.- Strut-and-Tie method.- Connections and Anchoring to Concrete.- Comprehensive Problems.

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Book SynopsisA concise, accessible, and up-to-date introduction to solid state physics Solid state physics is the foundation of many of today's technologies including LEDs, MOSFET transistors, solar cells, lasers, digital cameras, data storage and processing. Introduction to Solid State Physics for Materials Engineers offers a guide to basic concepts and provides an accessible framework for understanding this highly application-relevant branch of science for materials engineers. The text links the fundamentals of solid state physics to modern materials, such as graphene, photonic and metamaterials, superconducting magnets, high-temperature superconductors and topological insulators. Written by a noted expert and experienced instructor, the book contains numerous worked examples throughout to help the reader gain a thorough understanding of the concepts and information presented. The text covers a wide range of relevant topics, including propagation of electron and acoustic waves in crystals, electrical conductivity in metals and semiconductors, light interaction with metals, semiconductors and dielectrics, thermoelectricity, cooperative phenomena in electron systems, ferroelectricity as a cooperative phenomenon, and more. This important book: Provides a big picture view of solid state physics Contains examples of basic concepts and applications Offers a highly accessible text that fosters real understanding Presents a wealth of helpful worked examples Written for students of materials science, engineering, chemistry and physics, Introduction to Solid State Physics for Materials Engineers is an important guide to help foster an understanding of solid state physics.Table of ContentsPreface xi Introduction xiii 1 General Impact of Translational Symmetry in Crystals on Solid State Physics 1 1.1 Crystal Symmetry in Real Space 3 1.2 Symmetry and Physical Properties in Crystals 9 1.3 Wave Propagation in Periodic Media and Construction of Reciprocal Lattice 13 1.A Symmetry Constraints on Rotation Axes 18 1.B Twinning in Crystals 20 2 Electron Waves in Crystals 23 2.1 Electron Behavior in a Periodic Potential and Energy Gap Formation 23 2.2 The Brillouin Zone 28 2.3 Band Structure 31 2.4 Graphene 35 2.5 Fermi Surface 40 2.A Cyclotron Resonance and Related Phenomena 43 3 Elastic Wave Propagation in Periodic Media, Phonons, and Thermal Properties of Crystals 51 3.1 Linear Chain of the Periodically Positioned Atoms 51 3.2 Phonons and Heat Capacity 56 3.3 Thermal Vibrations of Atoms in Crystals 59 3.4 Crystal Melting 60 3.5 X-ray and Neutron Interaction with Phonons 61 3.5.1 Debye–Waller Factor 65 3.6 Lattice Anharmonicity 67 3.7 Velocities of Bulk AcousticWaves 69 3.8 Surface AcousticWaves 72 3.A Bose’s Derivation of the Planck Distribution Function 73 4 Electrical Conductivity in Metals 75 4.1 Classical Drude Theory 76 4.2 Quantum–Mechanical Approach 77 4.3 Phonon Contribution to Electrical Resistivity 80 4.4 Defects’ Contributions to Metal Resistivity 82 4.A Derivation of the Fermi-Dirac Distribution Function 84 5 Electron Contribution to Thermal Properties of Crystals 87 5.1 Electronic Specific Heat 87 5.2 Electronic Heat Conductivity and theWiedemann–Franz Law 92 5.3 Thermoelectric Phenomena 94 5.4 Thermoelectric Materials 98 6 Electrical Conductivity in Semiconductors 105 6.1 Intrinsic (Undoped) Semiconductors 105 6.2 Extrinsic (Doped) Semiconductors 110 6.3 p–n Junction 111 6.4 Semiconductor Transistors 117 6.A Estimation of Exciton’s Radius and Binding Energy 120 7 Work Function and Related Phenomena 123 7.1 Work Function of Metals 123 7.2 Photoelectric Effect 126 7.2.1 Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy (APRES) 126 7.3 Thermionic Emission 128 7.4 Metal-Semiconductor Junction 131 7.A Image Charge Method 133 7.B A Free Electron Cannot Absorb a Photon 134 8 Light Interaction with Metals and Dielectrics 135 8.1 Skin Effect in Metals 137 8.2 Light Reflection from a Metal 138 8.3 Plasma Frequency 140 8.4 Introduction to Metamaterials 141 8.5 Structural Colors 148 8.A Acoustic Metamaterials 150 9 Light Interaction with Semiconductors 155 9.1 Solar Cells 155 9.1.1 The Grätzel Cell 159 9.1.2 Halide Perovskite Solar Cells 161 9.2 Solid State Radiation Detectors 162 9.2.1 Infrared Detectors 164 9.3 Charge-Coupled Devices (CCDs) 167 9.4 Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs) 168 9.5 Semiconductor Lasers 170 9.6 Photonic Materials 173 10 Cooperative Phenomena in Electron Systems: Superconductivity 177 10.1 Phonon-Mediated Cooper Pairing Mechanism 178 10.2 Direct Measurements of the Superconductor Energy Gap 182 10.3 Josephson Effect 184 10.4 Meissner Effect 185 10.5 SQUID 188 10.6 High-Temperature Superconductivity 189 10.A Fourier Transform of the Coulomb Potential 192 10.B The Josephson Effect Theory 193 10.C Derivation of the CriticalMagnetic Field in Type I Superconductors 195 11 Cooperative Phenomena in Electron Systems: Ferromagnetism 197 11.1 Paramagnetism and Ferromagnetism 198 11.2 The Ising Model 204 11.3 Magnetic Structures 205 11.4 Magnetic Domains 207 11.5 Magnetic Materials 210 11.6 Giant Magnetoresistance 211 11.A The Elementary Magnetic Moment of an Electron Produced by its Orbital Movement 214 11.B Pauli Paramagnetism 214 11.C Magnetic DomainWalls 216 12 Ferroelectricity as a Cooperative Phenomenon 219 12.1 The Theory of Ferroelectric Phase Transition 223 12.2 Ferroelectric Domains 227 12.3 The Piezoelectric Effect and Its Application in Ferroelectric Devices 230 12.4 Other Application Fields of Ferroelectrics 233 13 Other Examples of Cooperative Phenomena in Electron Systems 237 13.1 The Mott Metal–Insulator Transition 237 13.2 Classical and Quantum Hall Effects 241 13.3 Topological Insulators 247 13.A Electron Energies and Orbit Radii in the Simplified Bohr Model of a Hydrogen-like Atom 250 Further Reading 253 List of Prominent Scientists Mentioned in the Book 255 Index 265

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