Library and information sciences Books

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Book SynopsisHybrid Intelligent Systems for Information Retrieval covers three areas along with the introduction to Intelligent IR, i.e., Optimal Information Retrieval Using Evolutionary Approaches, Semantic Search for Web Information Retrieval, and Natural Language Processing for Information Retrieval. Talks about the design, implementation, and performance issues of the hybrid intelligent information retrieval system in one book Gives a clear insight into challenges and issues in designing a hybrid information retrieval system Includes case studies on structured and unstructured data for hybrid intelligent information retrieval Provides research directions for the design and development of intelligent search enginesThis book is aimed primarily at graduates and researchers in the information retrieval domain. Table of Contents1. Introduction. 2. Matching Functions. 3. Information Retrieval Models. 4. Hybrid Swarm Intelligence Approaches for Optimal Information Retrieval. 5. Information Retrieval and Semantic Search. 6. Ontology Creation using Clustering Technique. 7. Natural Language Processing for Information Retrieval. 8. Deep learning (DL) for Information retrieval (IR). 9. Application of Ontology in Domain Specific Information Retrieval: A case study. 10. Applications of Natural Language Processing and Information Retrieval.

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Book SynopsisWhile cultural heritage practitioners and caretakers are often intimidated by best practices, Practical Approaches to Collections Care helps to alleviate those concerns, offering a stepped approach to preservation encompassing a variety of collections care programs.The author, drawing on over a decade of experience working in libraries, museums, archives, and other historic sites, and specifically building off of her work as a Preservation Specialist at the Conservation Center for Art & Historic Artifacts, discusses realistic, efficient, and sustainable approaches to collection housing, space planning, environmental management, facilities care, emergency preparedness, and much more. Giving examples of implementation and easy-to-follow guides that will allow readers to start from scratch or improve an already existing program, Forsko demonstrates how preservation can become a component of any collections care program. Encouraging the reader to start by taking smaTable of Contents1. Introduction; 2. Intellectual Control; 3. Storage Enclosures and Artifact Housing; 4. Space Planning and Management; 5. Collections Care in Exhibitions; 6. Environmental Management; 7. Facilities Management; 8. Emergency Preparedness and Response; 9. Policies, Plans, and Procedures; 10. Conclusion Glossary

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Book SynopsisThis book, first published in 1936, looks at the detailed work involved in the efficient running of a school library. Wherever possible, alternative methods are described so as to meet the needs of the different types of schools and smaller colleges. Table of Contents1. General Remarks 2. Planning and Equipment 3. The Library Committee 4. Basic Stock 5. The Acquisition of Books 6. Addition to Stock and Records of Stock 7. Classification 8. Cataloguing 9. Issue and Recall of Books 10. Binding 11. Co-operation Within the School 12. Supplementary Services

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Book SynopsisIndigenous Archives in Postcolonial Contexts revisits the definition of a record and extends it to include memory, murals, rock art paintings and other objects.Drawing on five years of research and examples from Zimbabwe, Botswana and South Africa, the authors analyse archives in the African context. Considering issues such as authentication, ownership and copyright, the book considers how murals and their like can be used as extended or counter archives. Arguing that extended archives can reach people in a way that traditional archives cannot and that such archives can be used to bridge the gaps identified within archival repositories, the authors also examine how such archives are managed and authenticated using traditional archival principles. Presenting case studies from organisations such as Gay and Lesbian Memory in Action Archives (GALA) and heritage projects such as the Makgabeng Open Cultural Museum, the authors also analyse Indigenous family praises and songsTrade ReviewThis book Draws on five years of research and examples from Zimbabwe, Botswana and South Africa to analyze in the African context. By considering issues such as authentication, ownership and copyright, it considers how murals and their like can be used as extended or counter-archives. argues that extended archives can reach people in a way that traditional archives cannot and that such archives can be used to bridge the gaps identified within archival repositories. The authors also examine how such archives are managed and authenticated using traditional archival principles. By presenting case studies from organisations such as Gay and Lesbian Memory in Action Archives (GALA) and heritage projects such as the Makgabeng Open Cultural Museum, the authors also analyse Indigenous family praises and songs and explore how such records are preserved and transmitted to the next generation. demonstrates how the voices of the marginalised can be incorporated into archives. will be essential reading for academics and students working in archival studies, library and information science, Indigenous studies, African studies, cultural heritage, history and anthropology. Table of ContentsPrologue: Reimagining Indigenous Archives1 Conceptualisation and recontextualisation of indigenous archival constructs 2 Decolonisation or (re)Africanisation of archives?3 Authentication of indigenous archives 4 Ownership, copyright, and 'copyleft' of indigenous archives5 Decolonisation and (re)Africanisation in action: a case study of community memory practices6 Sustainable structures for indigenous archives in the postcolonial contextEpilogue: Reflections and reflexivity

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Book SynopsisThe Power of Networks describes a typology of network-based research practices in the historical disciplines, ranging from the use of quantitative network analysis in cultural, economic, social or political history or religious studies, to novel approaches in the Digital Humanities. Network data visualisations and calculations have proven to be useful tools for the analysis of mostly textual sources containing relational information, offering new perspectives on complex historical phenomena. Including case studies from antiquity to contemporary history, the book provides a clear demonstration of the opportunities historical network research (HNR) provides for historical studies. The examples presented within the pages of this volume are arranged in a way to highlight three central typological pillars of HNR: (re-)construction and analysis of historical networks; computational extraction of network data and infrastructures for data collection and exploration.Table of Contents1. IntroductionPart I: (Re-)construction of historical networks and their analysis Networking the Res Publica. Social Network Analysis and the Republican Rome Community detection and structural balance: network analytical modelling of political structures and actions in the Middle Ages The Value of Network Analysis in Historical Sociology: Economic and Social Relations in Medieval in Medieval Lübeck 4. Flemish Merchant Networks in Early Modern Seville. Approaches, Comparisons, and Methodical Considerations5. Kinship Networks in Northwestern German Rural Society (18th/19th Centuries)6. Mobility and Movements in Intellectual History: a Social Network Approach3. Computational extraction of network data from large corpora Utilizing Historical Network Analysis on Meta-data to Model East German Foreign Intelligence Cycle in the Baltic Sea Region 1975-1989 Social and semantic network analysis in the study of religions 4. Infrastructures for data collection and exploration Deep Networks as Associative Interfaces to Historical Research Networks as Gateways. Gleanings from Applications for the Exploration of Historical Data 5. OutlookHistorical Network Research, Digital History, and Digital Humanities

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Book SynopsisThis book covers computer vision-based applications in digital healthcare industry 4.0, including different computer vision techniques, image classification, image segmentations, and object detection. Various application case studies from domains such as science, engineering, and social networking are introduced, along with their architecture and how they leverage various technologies, such as edge computing and cloud computing. It also covers applications of computer vision in tumor detection, cancer detection, combating COVID-19, and patient monitoring.Features: Provides a state-of-the-art computer vision application in the digital health care industry Reviews advances in computer vision and data science technologies for analyzing information on human function and disability Includes practical implementation of computer vision application using recent tools and software Explores computer vision-enabled medical/clinical data security in theTable of Contents1. Introduction to Computer Vision Aided Data Analytics in Healthcare Industry 4.0 2. Deep Learning Techniques for Foetal and Infant Data Processing in a Medical Context 3. Analysis of Detecting Brain Tumors Using Deep Learning Algorithms 4. Secured Data Dissemination in a Real-Time Health Care System 5. Modality Classification of Human Emotion 6. COVID-19 Alert Zone Detection Using OpenCV 7. Feature Fusion Model for Heart Disease Diagnosis 8. Deep Learning and Its Applications in Health Care 9. Future of Computer Vision Application in Digital Healthcare 10. Study of Computer Vision Applications in Healthcare Industry 4.0

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Book SynopsisThis book introduces the fundamentals of the technology satisfaction model (TSM), supporting readers in applying the Rasch model and structural equation modeling (SEM) a multivariate technique to higher education (HE) research. User satisfaction is traditionally measured along a single dimension. However, the TSM includes digital technologies for teaching, learning and research across three dimensions: computer efficacy, perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness. Establishing relationships among these factors is a challenge. Although commonly used in psychology to trace relationships, Rasch and SEM approaches are rarely used in educational technology or library and information science. This book, therefore, shows that combining these two analytical tools offers researchers better options for measurement and generalisation in HE research. This title presents theoretical and methodological insights of use to researchers in HE.Table of Contents1. Assessment of ICT in Higher Education Applying the TSM. 2. Testing Online Learning Satisfaction in Higher Education. 3. Assessing Online Research Databases in Higher Education Using the TSM. 4. Measurement of Wireless Internet in Higher Education Using the TSM.

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Book SynopsisThie title was first published in 2003. Computer technology and changing student needs have prompted universities to develop modern learning centres offering both virtual and physical learning space fit for all types of study and research. This book demonstrates with detailed case studies how the learning centre model has been introduced at four UK universities with different constraints and priorities: Sheffield Hallam, Leeds Metropolitan, Aberdeen and Lincoln. The authors start by outlining the national higher education context and other internal and external drivers for change, then explaining how these shaped their particular centre''s development as they underwent radical change in role, organization, range and nature of service provision - particularly the use of IT in learning and teaching support. Highlighting the differences between the institutions, authors from the four learning centres analyse the implications of changes for staff - in terms of working practices, interdisciTrade Review’...a very readable text that is clearly laid out and generally easy to follow. I recommend Centred on Learning as a well-written, practical study for all those interested in how universities are trying to meet the learning needs of their students. A strength of the book is the way in which it weaves personal experience and specific examples with wider issues and principles.’ Managing Information ’...unquestionably a useful book, which should be invaluable for practitioners (and not just library staff) who are involved in planning and developing LCs in their own institutions, or even those who are just thinking about how to adapt service provision to better support student learning. For researchers and students too, the theory discussed in the text offers some interesting perspectives, and suggests some "hot topics" that merit further investigation.’ Education Libraries Journal ’...provides a realistic account of the situation in the UK today...this is a useful book.’ Journal of Documentation ’This is an excellent work for any information professional working in the higher education sector. The case studies provide valuable practical illustrations of how the challenges of new learning and teaching strategies can be effectively met. The contributors are candid about the problems they face and justifiably proud of the advances they have made. The book is also of use to other sectors of information provision, notably in secondary schools, as the lessons can be adapted readily.’ New Library World ’This comprehensive account of learning centre development is essential reading for all those concerned with learning resource provision in higher education. Careful reading will prove very rewarding.’ Performance Measurement and Metric Journal ’This book would be a useful study guide for those implimenting change through convergence and intergration of services.. New staff in such an environment, or LIS students, would find the first andTable of ContentsContents: Introduction; The changing picture of higher education, Claire Abson; Organizational frameworks, Edward Oyston; The changing staff experience, Jo Norry; The student experience, Alison Ward; Building new partnerships: changing institutional relations, Kay Moore; Building new environments: the physical space, Roger Hines; New environments: the environment for learning, Alison Hudson; Looking over the horizon: a future perspective, Graham Bulpitt.; Appendices; Index.

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Book SynopsisAlmost all museums hold photographs in their collections, and museum professionals and their audiences engage with photographs in a myriad of ways. Yet despite some three decades of critical museology and photographic theory, and an extensive debate on the politics of representation, outside art museums, almost no critical attention has been given specifically to the roles, purposes and lives of these photographs within museums. This book brings into focus the ubiquitous yet entirely unconsidered work that photographs are put to in museums. The authors'' argument is that there is an economy of photographs in museums which is integral to the processes of the museum, and integral to the understanding of museums. The international contributors, drawn from curators and academics, reflect a range of visual and museological expertise. After an introduction setting out the range of questions and problems, the first part addresses broad curatorial strategies and ways of thinking about phTrade Review’This most needed volume represents a highly inspiring investigation into the role of photography as object and tool of representation in museums and archives today. Through a comprehensive selection of contributions by an interdisciplinary variety of authors - all drawing on hands-on experience - this volume fills up a void in photography and cultural studies. It is a must-read for everyone working with the materiality and meaning of photography.’ Mette Sandbye, University of Copenhagen, Denmark ’We have been needing a book like this for a long time. Looking at what photographs do, and could do, in museums, it beautifully fills a gap that has for too long stayed open in the literature on museums, museum practice, representation and photographs. On these pages we see photographs as acts of remembrance, as haunting, as absent, as representational forms and as much more besides. And throughout, this essential new volume not only explores the work of photographs in museums, but also makes a significant contribution to far wider debates on the processes of representation.’ Sandra Dudley, University of Leicester, UKTable of ContentsList of Figures, Notes on Contributors, Acknowledgements, Introduction, The Affective Photograph, Curatorial Strategies 1: Working Images, Curatorial Strategies 2: Photographi Art Works, Curatorial Strategies 3: Contested Stories, Working In The Real World, Digital Environments and Photograph Collections, Index

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Book SynopsisModern library services can be incredibly complex. Much more so than their forebears, modern librarians must grapple daily with questions of how best to implement innovative new services, while also maintaining and updating the old. The efforts undertaken are immense, but how best to evaluate their success?In this groundbreaking new book from Routledge, library practitioners, anthropologists, and design experts combine to advocate a new focus on User Experience (or UX') research methods. Through a combination of theoretical discussion and applied case studies, they argue that this ethnographic and human-centred design approach enables library professionals to gather rich evidence-based insights into what is really going on in their libraries, allowing them to look beyond what library users say they do to what they actually do. Edited by the team behind the international UX in Libraries conference, User Experience in Libraries will ignite new interest in a rapidlTrade Review"The question becomes how to get this book, these powerful chapters, into the right hands...There are no answers offered in this review, other than for practitioners to keep talking and sharing. If we’re lucky, with its honesty and rational approach, User Experience in Libraries: Applying Ethnography and Human-Centered Design can break through."— Heidi Steiner Burkhardt, University of Michigan Library, Weave: Journal of Library User Experience"This book serves as a guide, and inspiration, for anyone who is engaged in public service in a library setting and interested in designing a research project that evaluates library space and services, from one shot instructional sessions to reference to remodeling the library space itself. While the focus of the book is academic libraries, and the user group that the studies considers are primarily student users, this book describes user experience research methodologies with enough detail and references that any library could design a user experience research project that examines any user population. User Experience in Libraries provides novice researchers and experienced researchers alike with the tools to apply this methodology and use the resulting data to create impactful services and spaces, demonstrating the value that libraries continue to bring." -Ariel A. E. Scotese, Cornell University Law Library, Journal of New LibrarianshipTable of ContentsChapter 1 Uncovering complexity and detail, Andy Priestner, Matt Borg; Chapter 2 Using ethnographic methods to study library use, Bryony Ramsden; Chapter 3 Embracing an ethnographic agenda, Donna M. Lanclos; Chapter 4 Holistic UX, Matt Borg, Matthew Reidsma; Chapter 5 Applying human-centred design to the library experience, Paul-Jervis Heath; Chapter 6 The why, what and how of using ethnography for designing user experience in libraries (and a few pitfalls to avoid), Leah Emary; Chapter 7 Identifying the barriers, Andrew D. Asher; Chapter 8 Illuminating study spaces at Cambridge University with spacefinder, Andy Priestner; Chapter 9 WhoHas?, Helen Murphy; Chapter 10 User experience beyond ramps, Penny Andrews; Chapter 11 Changing the dialogue, Rosie Jones, Nicola Grayson; Chapter 12 UX and a small academic library, Margaret Westbury; Chapter 13 Understanding our students and ourselves, Michael Courtney, Carrie Donovan; Chapter 14 What makes an informal learning space?, Bea Turpin, Deborah Harrop, Edward Oyston, Maurice Teasdale, David Jenkin, John McNamara; Chapter 15 Spaces for learning? using ethnographic techniques, Helen Jamieson; Chapter 16 Are you sitting comfortably…?, Elizabeth Tilley; Chapter 17 UX in libraries, Andy Priestner, Matt Borg;

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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Book SynopsisThis indispensable handbook, first published in 2004, explains how scholars and students should work with and think about the composer's working manuscripts. This book surveys the knowledge necessary to work efficiently in archives and libraries housing this material and with the skills and techniques specifically related to sketch studies: transcription, reconstructing sketchbooks, deciphering handwriting, dating documents. It deals with the music of important twentieth-century composers and presents visual examples of manuscripts from the collections of world-renowned institutions such as the Paul Sacher Foundation. The book aims to make the work of both researchers and students more efficient and rewarding.Trade Review'… a wide-ranging, handsomely presented, pedagogical survey that is intended to explain "how scholars and students should work with and think about the composer's working manuscripts" … invaluable resource … The contributing authors strike a fair balance between practical guidance and specific research concerns, and there is a useful appendix that lists the addresses of thirty-eight archives and institutes that house twentieth-century music manuscripts … offers sound advice … invaluable … The author's extensive knowledge of Bartok's sketches is amply illustrated in this chapter … this information is fascinating.' Twentieth-Century MusicTable of ContentsIntroduction Friedemann Sallis and Patricia Hall; 1. Sketches and sketching Giselher Schubert and Friedemann Sallis; 2. Preliminaries before visiting an archive Ulrich Mosch; 3. Archival etiquette Therese Muxeneder; 4. Coming to terms with the composer's working manuscripts Friedemann Sallis; 5. The classification of musical sketches exemplified in the catalogue of the Archivio Luigi Nono Erika Schaller; 6. Digital preservation of archival material William Koseluk; 7. Transcribing sketches Regina Busch; 8. A tale of two sketchbooks: reconstructing and deciphering Alban Berg's sketchbooks for Wozzeck Patricia Hall; 9. 'Written between the desk and the piano': dating Béla Bartók's sketches László Somfai; 10. Defining compositional process: idea and instrumentation in Igor Stravinsky's Ragtime (1918) and Pribaoutki (1915) Tomi Mäkelä; 11. Floating hierarchies: organisation and composition in works by Pierre Boulez and Karlheinz Stockhausen during the 1950s Pascal Decroupet; 12. Elliot Carter's sketches: spiritual exercises and craftsmanship Denis Vermaelen; 13. E-Sketches: Brian Ferneyhough's use of computer assisted compositional tools Ross Feller; 14. John Cage's Williams Mix (1951–3): the restoration and new realizations of and variations on the first octophonic, surround-sound tape composition Larry Austin; Appendix. Select list of institutions housing manuscript collections of twentieth-century composers.

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Book SynopsisWhether sharing a spectacular shot from a deep-space probe, announcing a development in genetic engineering, or crafting an easy-to-reference list of cancer risk factors, science public information officers, or PIOs, serve as scientific liaisons, connecting academic, nonprofit, government, and other research organizations with the public. And as traditional media outlets cut back on their science coverage, PIOs are becoming a vital source for science news. W. Matthew Shipman's Handbook for Science Public Information Officers covers all aspects of communication strategy and tactics for members of this growing specialty. It includes how to pitch a story, how to train researchers to navigate interviews, how to use social media effectively, and how to respond to a crisis. The handbook offers a wealth of practical advice while teaching science PIOs how to think critically about what they do and how they do it, so that they will be prepared to take advantage of any situation, rather than be

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Book SynopsisExplores the museums, libraries, and special collections of the University of Michigan on its bicentennial. Viewed from an historic perspective, the university’s collections provide a window through which we can explore the transformation of the academy, its public role, and the development of scholarly disciplines over the last two centuries.

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Book SynopsisJon Carver has over twenty years experience leading cultural and entity-wide systemic changes in budgeting, financial management, procurement, risk management, endowment investing, information security and information technology systems development. This includes, significant executive level leadership experience in a wide range of disciplines, that include treasury services, institutional and government lending, cybersecurity, customs enforcement, Federal and state government administration, educational institutions and museums.Ashley Amos currently works as Senior Financial Manager at the U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum in Washington, DC, where she leads process-driven, people-centered approaches to foster communication and integration across organizational boundaries. Throughout her career, she has leveraged her expertise in multidimensional analysis of budgetary, financial management, policy, legislative, operational, and legal issues to design and implement strategic initiatives that are adaptive to various mission needs and organizational settings.

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Book SynopsisThis volume, edited by Grace Veach, explores leading approaches to foregrounding information literacy in first-year college writing courses. Chapters describe cross-disciplinary efforts underway across higher education, as well as innovative approaches of both writing professors and librarians inthe classroom. This seminal work unpacks the disciplinary implications for information literacy and writing studies as they encounter one another in theory and practice, in the post-information age. Topics include: reading and writing through the lens of information literacy, curriculum design, specific writing tasks, transfer, and assessment.

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Book SynopsisFrom a culture too often forgotten, overlooked or even oppressed; here are more than 30 tales, representing all regions of Kurdistan and the four main Kurdish dialects-from the Kurdish Cinderella story and animal stories to stories based on legendary figures (e.g., Rustemé Zal-the Kurdish Hercules)-organized by theme and type. Most of these stories have been collected from contemporary Kurdish storytellers, with others translated and adapted from transcripts of oral tellings and small tale collections in the Kurdish dialect. Background information on the people, their history, their land, and their customs is provided, along with color photos, maps, a glossary, and sample recipes, crafts, and games. All levels. The largest ethnic group without their own nation-state, there are an estimated 30-40 million Kurds living throughout the world today. The majority live in Kurdistan, a region stretching over parts of Iraq, Iran, Turkey and Syria. As a minority in these countries, the Kurds have struggled for independence throughout history and into recent times and have often been oppressed, persecuted and deported from their land. The purpose of this volume is to introduce readers to the Kurdish people, their cultural traditions and their stories. This unique collection, the first of its kind in English, features tales collected first-hand by the author during several years of travel to the Kurdish region of Turkey. A Fire In My Heart serves as a reference and program resource for educators and librarians, introducing students and the public to this ancient culture. The book is especially suited to those working with Middle Eastern children and their families in the US and abroad. From the Kurdish Cinderella story, Fatima, and humorous animal tales to stories based on legendary figures, for example the Herculean Rustemé Zal, these thirty-three tales from the varied regions of Kurdistan and the four major dialects are a wonderful resource for storytellers, folklorists and scholars. After seven years recording Kurdish tellers and traveling to remote mountain villages the author provides a valuable collection of previously unpublished tales, traditional recipes and games. The book is augmented by stories translated and adapted from small tale collections in Kurdish, as well as rare color photos from Iraqi-Kurdistan in 1955 and recent photos of village life. Background information on the Kurdish people, their history, land and customs is provided. All levels.Trade ReviewFrom her own collecting efforts and from the contributions of several Kurdish friends Diane has amassed here a useful collection of Kurdish tales. The book includes also recipes and games. We are fortunate to have had these tales collected in this trying time for the Kurdish people. Diane is to be lauded for her efforts and Libraries Unlimited for its publication. * In The Wind *A labor of love and a magnificent achievement, this collection of tales, legends, recipes, games and history takes readers vividly into the traditional village life of the Kurds, a little-known and politically beleaguered ethnic group whose homeland straddles the borders of Iraq, Iran, Syria and Turkey. Supported partly by grants (including one from NSN), Edgecomb traveled into Turkish Kurdistan, collecting stories from villagers whose language itself had been banned. The resulting book brings lively and unusual stories to light, each one carefully placed in its social and historical context. * Storytelling Magazine *A Fire in My Heart: Kurdish Tales introduces readers to the Kurdish people, their cultural traditions, and their stories. It presents 33 tales representing all regions of Kurdistan and the four main Kurdish dialects--from the Kurdish Cinderella story Fatima to animal stories and stories based on legendary figures (e.g., Rusteme Zal, the Kurdish Hercules)--organized by tale type. * Library Media Connection *Diane Edgecomb has spent seven years traveling all around Turkey gathering traditional Kurdish fairy tales, animal fables, and hero tales like that of Shahmaran, a half snake, half woman. Her book, A Fire in My Heart: Kurdish Tales, is the first comprehensive collection of those stories to be published in English. * The Boston Globe *This is the first book in my library covering tales from this specific region. A few of the tales are familiar but even those are interesting variants of stories collected from other regions. This book also contains the most detailed information about the culture from which the stories were collected and is illustrated throughout by photo's of people going about their daily work, providing an insight into the lives of the people. The stories vary in length and cover a fascinating range of material. * Storylines *In this volume, an excellent team has collected many folk tales about the culture, but the volume is more than that. It begins with a brief history of the culture and peoples spreading over several countries of the Middle East and includes authentic recipes and typical meals eaten by the Kurds, before launching into various stories, legends, and folktales. Thus, it is a great place to introduce or have students introduce the culture to the rest of us. * Teacher Librarian *". . . an excellent source for enhancing a cultural diversity program. The folktales are generally brief and no longer than a few pages -- good for novice storytellers. While recommended for all ages, the stories, though some have double meanings, are generally appropriate for use with young children incorporating rhymes and finger plays; but the greatest use would be by the middle and upper elementary/middle school students and teachers. Exploring different areas of the world in their classroom curriculum as well as extending cultural programs would be greatly enhanced by this series." Reviewed as part of the World Folklore series. * Catholic Library World *Table of ContentsAcknowledgements Foreword Part 1: Background Part 2: The Stories Appendix: Pronunciation Guide Index About the Author and Contributors

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Book SynopsisThe very recent emergence of the 'information society' has created new situations that political and economic disciplines have never previously considered. There is a new complexity and many open questions for both individuals and societal macro-structures, which have to maintain, despite this revolution, a satisfactory level of activity and at the same time have to build a new state of stability. With regard to problems identified by many researchers relating to the storage and processing of (semi-)structured digital data, accessibility and sharing, intellectual property, digital documents, information retrieval, information literacy, relevance of information, information profiles of users, etc., the policies envisaged by some for the 'information society' may cause concern and embarrassment from a scientific point of view. This book gathers together 13 contributions from leading information science researchers and presents some of the scientific challenges for these areas, which are also the greatest challenges facing us in the current digital age.Table of ContentsPreface xv Fabrice PAPY and Gil-François EUVRARD Chapter 1. The Growth of the Role of Librarians and Information Officers in Digital Libraries 1 Christian LUPOVICI 1.1. Changes in the world of documentation 1 1.1.1. Transformations in society 3 1.2. Transformations in the economic situation of libraries 3 1.2.1. Too many hits?! The new trend of vague search entries 3 1.2.2. The integration of heterogenous services 4 1.2.3. The librarian’s challenge to reach customer satisfaction 5 1.3. Changing a paradigm: changing the object “information” 5 1.3.1. Breaking with the traditional way of managing physical objects 5 1.3.2. New objects in documentation 6 1.4. Changing a paradigm: information in a network of documentation 7 1.4.1. Information is linked to a network of information 7 1.4.2. Processing a high flux of dematerialized information 8 1.5. A new way of organizing libraries: the impact of the digital revolution 8 1.5.1. Impact on the functioning of a library 8 1.5.2. Impact on the concept of information 9 1.5.3. Impact on distribution 9 1.5.4. Impact on intellectual property 9 1.6. New trends 10 1.6.1. Introducing administrative aspects of documentation into the document 10 1.6.2. The librarian’s role in the editing process 10 1.7. The digital library 11 1.7.1. The virtual library 11 1.7.2. A “real” library 11 1.8. Introducing different layers to the core sector of the profession 12 1.8.1. Support for online library users 12 1.8.2. Providing training for users 12 1.8.3. Managing materialized objects as well as digital documents 12 1.9. Broadening skills and responsibilities for all of the library’s staff 13 1.9.1. Managing old and new techniques simultaneously 13 1.9.2. Increasing qualifications and responsibilities 13 Chapter 2. The Tao of the Digital Library: A Library Without a Librarian? 15 Joachim SCHÖPFEL and Jacques CREUSOT 2.1. The technological supremacy of the concept of the “digital library” 16 2.2. TSI’s influence on the market 18 2.3. The virtualization of a document’s function 19 2.4. Development and changes to job profiles in the CNRS directory 1982–2002 20 2.5. Supporting professions – the INIST approach 22 2.6. A new job profile is emerging – the e-serials librarian 24 2.7. Developments in training requirements – the UKSG workshops 1990–2004 26 2.8. “He who takes the longest strides…” 28 2.9. Bibliography 30 Chapter 3. The Reader Faced with a Digital Library: the Experience of the Pasteur Institute 33 Emmanuelle JANNÈS-OBER 3.1. Introduction. 33 3.2. Which services should be aimed at what kind of audience? 34 3.2.1. Content 35 3.2.2. Services 36 3.2.3. Programs 38 3.3. How are services used? 39 3.3.1. Empirical knowledge and how users carry out their research 39 3.3.2. Some statistics 41 3.4. Current problems 42 3.4.1. How to organize the extremely high number of hits 42 3.4.2. Can the costs be controlled? 44 3.4.3. How to create a new dialog with the user. 44 3.4.4. Appendix: Biolib’s search interface 46 Chapter 4. University Students’ Information Strategies: From Institutional Expectations to Real Uses 47 Marie DESPRÉS-LONNET 4.1. Introduction 47 4.2. Methodological issues 48 4.3. Relating use and environment 50 4.4. Resource legitimacy 53 4.5. The evolution of the figure of the “third party” 56 4.6. Conclusion 57 4.7. Bibliography 58 Chapter 5. The Digital Spirit: Digital Libraries and Democracy 61 Olivier FRESSARD 5.1. Books and libraries function as an objective spirit 61 5.2. The symbolic value of books stored within a library 63 5.3. How can the project of a digital library be realized? 64 5.4. Digital libraries are actually very rare! 66 5.5. Technical supports and new ways of reading 66 5.6. Two different types of logic within reading processes 69 5.7. The sociological significance of different reading processes 71 5.8. Does the “library of democracy” exist? 71 5.9. Access and usage 73 5.10. Tocqueville – a sociological model of democracy 74 5.11. The library’s devices and the disposition of the public 76 5.12. Libraries are facing a cultural crisis 78 5.13. Conclusion 80 5.14. Bibliography 80 Chapter 6. Accessing Library Catalogs in the Age of Digital Libraries and Search Engines: Gaps, Disruptions and Transformation? 83 Dominique LAHARY 6.1. Prehistory 83 6.1.1. Secondary information 84 6.1.2. What about access to documents? 86 6.2. The age of OPAC 86 6.2.1. A high level of uniformity 87 6.2.2. How to access documents according to their content 87 6.2.3. Too many or no hits at all – a choice must be made 88 6.2.4. Some progress is being made 88 6.2.5. Disadvantages and features the system lacks 89 6.2.6. Are catalogs actually used by the public? 89 6.3. The secret order 91 6.3.1. Libraries must now imitate search engines which so successfully imitated them in the first place 91 6.3.2. The secret order’s manifesto 92 6.3.3. Plea for resurgence 92 6.3.4. Realizing the project 94 6.3.5. Remote access 99 6.3.6. New solutions combined with traditional ones 100 6.4. Conclusion 101 6.5. Bibliography 102 Chapter 7. Stakes and Prospects of Heuristic Visualization for OPAC Use 103 Sophie CHAUVIN 7.1. Complexity of information systems 103 7.1.1. Complexity of inter-related information systems for documentation 105 7.1.2. Complexity, training and catalogs 106 7.2. Sense and visualization 107 7.2.1. The multidimensional space of a library 107 7.2.2. Accessing the stock of documents via metadata 108 7.2.3. Improved online catalogs – they lead to an increase in unintended applications 110 7.3. Visualization and the trail of knowledge 110 7.3.1. Principles of a heuristic visualization 110 7.3.2. Reticular systems and hypertextual trails 112 7.4. Interface, intermediaries and amplification of coherence 115 7.5. Usage and perspectives 116 7.6. Bibliography 118 Chapter 8. 3D Interaction for Digital Libraries 123 Pierre CUBAUD 8.1. Introduction 123 8.2. The page as a surface 124 8.2.1. Structured light 126 8.2.2. Photogrammetry 127 8.3. The book and reading interfaces 130 8.4. Research collections and research interfaces 134 8.5. Conclusion 139 8.6. Bibliography 140 Chapter 9. Using Facets to Classify and Access Digital Resources: Proposal and Example 145 Michèle HUDON 9.1. Introduction 145 9.2. Examining existing classification structures 147 9.2.1. Sample 147 9.2.2. Methodology 147 9.2.3. Results and discussion 148 9.3. A faceted structure to organize and access resources in a virtual library in education 151 9.3.1. Creating a special virtual collection of web resources in education 152 9.3.2. Classification and indexing 154 9.3.3. Development of a faceted classification structure 155 9.3.4. Using the faceted structure 159 9.3.5. Next steps 165 9.4. General conclusion 165 9.5. Bibliography 166 Chapter 10. Digital Libraries: the Publication of Legal Documents Online within the Info-mediation Service 169 Fabien GIRARD DE BARROS 10.1. Availability, instantaneity and simplicity of information: the minimum requirements for legal publications on the Internet 170 10.1.1. Accessing legal information: application of the classic unities of tragedy within the company 171 10.1.2. Judicial security and the instantaneity of the response 172 10.1.3. The simplicity of access: ergonomics – providing a helping hand with the abundance of information available on the Internet 173 10.2. The relevance of information: from the documentalist’s know-how to the documentalist/info mediator 175 10.2.1. The emergence of relevant search engines 175 10.2.2. Contextualization: first steps towards the relevance of information 176 10.2.3. Providing training for the jurists: reinforcing the link between the jurist and the documentalist 176 10.3. The sharing of judicial information: when the judicial publisher becomes the computer technician 177 10.3.1. Intranet: the symbiosis of official information and personal doctrines 178 10.3.2. Channels: communication within the communication service 178 10.3.3. The alert and the newsletter: managing updates 179 10.4. Conclusion 180 10.5. Bibliography 180 Chapter 11. What Scholarly and Pedagogic Material is Available Online for the Virtual User Within French Universities? 181 Ghislaine CHARTRON and Marc MINON 11.1. The availability of scholarly and pedagogic material online within French universities: an assessment 181 11.1.1. An economic scale that distinguishes three models 182 11.1.2. Published material as public property 182 11.1.3. Published material within a market economy 184 11.1.4. Published material and a common economy 186 11.2. Published digital resources and distance teaching devices: an even weaker synergy 188 11.3. The evolution of activities for libraries: future priorities? 190 11.3.1. Evolution of activities 190 11.3.2. Two future priorities for libraries 191 11.4. Bibliography 193 Chapter 12. The Revel@Nice Project: the Creation and Prospects of a Pioneering Site of Online Periodicals and Journals 195 Michel ROLAND 12.1. The project 195 12.1.1. Purpose of the site 195 12.1.2. History 197 12.2. Creation 199 12.2.1. Timetable for the creation of the site 201 12.2.2. Human resources and project management 201 12.2.3. Precisions and modifications 203 12.2.4. Launch of the site and performance analysis 204 12.3. Sustainability and longevity 205 12.3.1. Publishing sustainability 205 12.3.2. Technological sustainability 205 12.3.3. Institutional sustainability 206 12.4. Post-scriptum: today 207 12.4.1. Visibility 207 12.4.2. Versioning 207 12.4.3. Current prospects and perspectives 208 Chapter 13. Evaluating the Use and Users of Digital Journal Libraries 211 David NICHOLAS and Paul HUNTINGTON 13.1. Introduction 211 13.2. Digital libraries evaluated 213 13.3. Use of digital journals 214 13.3.1. Downloads (ranked lists) 215 13.3.2. Article use 215 13.4. Site penetration and “bouncing” 216 13.4.1. Infrequent visitors 217 13.5. Reflections on what constitutes a digital library “user” 217 13.6. Reflecting on the meaning of “use” 218 13.7. Widespread popular interest in digital journals 218 13.7.1. The rising popularity of the e-journal 218 13.7.2. Abstracts make a come back 219 13.8. Search approaches 219 13.9. User diversity 220 13.10. Conclusions 221 13.11. Bibliography 222 Chapter 14. Digital Collections in Libraries: Development and Continuity 223 Hélène ROUSSEL 14.1. Introduction 223 14.2. Adaptations and alterations in the document chain 224 14.2.1. Identification and selection 224 14.2.2. Purchases, subscriptions and licenses 225 14.2.3. Intellectual and physical processing of documents 227 14.3. Searching and catalogs 229 14.4. … searching and mega-catalogs 230 14.5. Organization of collections 231 14.6. Physical processing, accessibility and placement online 231 14.7. Preservation 232 14.8. … and dissemination 232 14.9. Conclusion 233 14.10. Bibliography 234 Chapter 15. Ergonomic Standards and the Uses of Digital Libraries 235 Nicole LOMPRÉ 15.1. Introduction 235 15.2. The evolution of ergonomic standards for user interfaces 236 15.2.1. Guidelines for leading computer manufacturers 240 15.2.2. Recommendations by WCAG for accessibility and standard number ISO/DIS 9241-171 242 15.2.3. Publishers and ergonomic recommendations 245 15.3. Study of the uses of digital libraries 247 15.3.1. Libraries and privileged relationships with the users 247 15.3.2. Getting lost in digital library interfaces 248 15.3.3. The use of online catalogs and databases 249 15.3.4. Listening to the researchers’ needs 252 15.3.5. User-centered focus groups within libraries 253 15.3.6. Suggested recommendations for improving digital libraries 253 15.3.7. Recommendations based on user opinions 256 15.4. Conclusion 256 15.5. Bibliography 258 Chapter 16. A Document Information System Within the University: From the Project’s Conception to its Installation 263 Corinne LEBLOND 16.1. Where do the university and its document information system originate from? Conditions for use of such a system 265 16.1.1. Local context: the document information system within the university 265 16.1.2. The emergence and development of a regional online university 266 16.2. The implementation of the document information system 267 16.2.1. The success of the modernization of documentation 267 16.2.2. The objectives and main priorities of the document information system 268 16.3. From the idea to reality: the spread of the document management system and the documentation portal 273 16.3.1. Technical configuration of the document information system 273 16.3.2. The document information system as a development tool 273 16.3.3. The services on offer when carrying out research from the documentation portal 275 16.4. The evolution and spread of the document information system 277 16.4.1. Strengthening co-operation with other university services in order to gather and broadcast all of the digital information that has been produced 277 16.4.2. The integration of the document information system within the global information system of the University of Artois 278 16.4.3. Providing the content for the document information system 279 16.5. Uses and feedback 280 16.6. Prospects and development 283 Chapter 17. Do Libraries Have a Future in Academia? 285 Robert CAMPBELL 17.1. The control of knowledge 285 17.2. The changing use of journals 286 17.3. Will the serials librarian survive? 287 17.4. Towards a more efficient system 288 17.5. The challenge ahead 290 17.6. The versioning problem 291 17.7. Developing countries 291 17.8. Open computation 291 17.9. Conclusion 292 17.10. Bibliography 293 List of Authors 295 Index 299

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