Language learning: grammar, vocabulary and pronunciation Books

Book SynopsisPlanning a trip to Central America? Studying abroad in Spain? Then you need an authentic guide to Spanish as it's spoken in everyday situations! Whether ordering a meal, bargaining for clothes in a shop, or impressing an attractive member of the opposite sex, Making Out in Spanish covers it all.

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Book SynopsisLearn to speak Hindi quickly!This book teaches you the basics of the Hindi language, including practical daily conversations and vocabulary. It enables you to begin communicating effectively from the very first day. All Hindi words and sentences are given in the native script and romanized words, with English translations. Useful notes and explanations on pronunciation, the Hindi script, greetings and requests, basic sentence patterns and vocabulary, idiomatic expressions and etiquette dos and don'ts are all included. A useful bi-directional dictionary of commonly-used Hindi words and phrases is provided at the back. Key features of this book include:Carefully constructed lessons designed for beginning adult learnersBasic sentence patterns and vocabulary used in daily conversationsSuitable for self-study learners as well as beginner level classesHindi script and romanized versions of all Hindi texts with English translationsCultural notes for understanding Indian customs and normsF

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Book SynopsisProvides research-based instructional routines to support adolescents as they learn and use new words in their disciplinary learning. The book explores how academic vocabulary can position students as ‘insiders’ or ‘outsiders’, and how culturally sustaining instruction can welcome all students into discovering and using language.

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Book SynopsisThis book is the valuable Key to A New Arabic Grammar, the bestselling introduction to the Arabic language for over thirty years.

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Book SynopsisThis Element Recovering Old English examines the philological activities of scholars involved in the recovery of Old English in the period between c. 1550 and 1830. It is done by collecting documents, recording the lexicon editing texts and studying the grammar.Table of Contents1. Preamble; 2. Collecting old English; 3. Recording old English; 4. Editing old English; 5. Studying old English; 6. Transitions and turning points; Bibliographies.

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Book SynopsisModern Brazilian Portuguese Grammar Workbook is an innovative book of exercises and language tasks for all learners of Brazilian Portuguese, ideal for use alongside the Modern Brazilian Portuguese Grammar or as an independent resource. The book is divided into two sections. Part A provides exercises based on essential grammatical structures whilst Part B practises everyday functions, including making social contact, asking questions and expressing needs. This third edition offers a greater variety of exercises, including exercises designed to practice concepts introduced in the Notes for Spanish Speakers sections of the Grammar. Exercises from the second edition have also been revised and expanded upon and a comprehensive answer key at the back of the book enables you to check on your progress. The Modern Brazilian Portuguese Grammar Workbook is ideal for all learners who have a basic knowledge of Brazilian Portuguese, including underTrade Review"Modern Brazilian Portuguese Grammar Workbook is very comprehensive and covers all necessary areas expected for Portuguese learners wishing to have a better understanding and command of the Brazilian variant. The author shows a deep knowledge of the many idiosyncrasies of Brazilian Portuguese, always referring to the existing differences related to register and spoken versus written language. Also, the fact that it is divided into two parts (traditional grammar and function-based grammar), which are clearly interconnected in each section, makes it easier for students to look up any information they may need. Learners are provided a set of useful exercises related to both traditional grammar and function-based grammar, which focus on important and often challenging aspects of the Portuguese language." Dr. José Peixoto Coelho de Souza, Language Tutor in Portuguese, University of Manchester, UK"Modern Brazilian Portuguese Grammar continues to be a wonderful supplement to the textbooks that I use in my language courses. It captures and presents problematic instances in an organized format. The examples and brief explanations are clear and relevant. This reference guide is essential for anyone who wants to master a nuanced understanding of Brazilian Portuguese."Dr. Cynthia A. Sloan, Associate Professor of Portuguese and Spanish, Portland State University, USATable of ContentsPart A Structures 1 Pronunciation and spelling 2 Gender and gender agreement 3 Number and number agreement 4 Articles 5 Adjectives and adverbs 6 Numbers and numerical expressions 7 Personal pronouns 8 Demonstratives 9 Possessives 10 Relative pronouns 11 Interrogatives 12 Exclamations 13 Indefinite adjectives and pronouns 14 Negatives 15 Regular verb conjugations 16 Semi-irregular and irregular verbs 17 Gerunds, past participles, compound tenses and the passive 18 Use of the tenses 19 The infinitive 20 The subjunctive 21 The imperative 22 Reflexive verbs 23 Ser, estar and ficar 24 Verbs used in auxiliary, modal and impersonal constructions 25 Prepositions 26 Conjunctions 27 Word order 28 Word formation Part B Functions 29 Making social contacts 30 Basic strategies for communication 31 Asking questions and responding 32 Negating 33 Reporting 34 Asking and giving personal information 35 Identifying people and things 36 Describing 37 Making comparisons 38 Expressing existence and availability 39 Expressing location and distance 40 Expressing possessive relations 41 Expressing changes 42 Expressing cause, effect and purpose 43 Expressing knowledge 44 Remembering and forgetting 45 Expressing obligation and duty 46 Expressing needs 47 Expressing possibility and probability 48 Expressing certainty and uncertainty 49 Expressing supposition 50 Expressing conditions 51 Expressing contrast or opposition 52 Expressing capability and incapability 53 Seeking and giving permission 54 Asking and giving opinions 55 Expressing agreement, disagreement and indifference 56 Expressing desires and preferences 57 Expressing likes and dislikes 58 Expressing surprise 59 Expressing satisfaction and dissatisfaction 60 Expressing hope 61 Expressing sympathy 62 Apologizing and expressing forgiveness 63 Expressing fear or worry 64 Expressing gratitude 65 Giving advice and making suggestions 66 Making requests 67 Giving directions, instructions and orders 68 Making an offer or invitation and accepting or declining 69 Talking about the present 70 Talking about the future 71 Talking about the past Answer key Index of grammar structures Index of functions

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Book SynopsisThe Routledge Handbook of Vocabulary Studies provides a cutting-edge survey of current scholarship in this area. Divided into four sections, which cover understanding vocabulary; approaches to teaching and learning vocabulary; measuring knowledge of vocabulary; and key issues in teaching, researching, and measuring vocabulary, this Handbook:â brings together a wide range of approaches to learning words to provide clarity on how best vocabulary might be taught and learned;â provides a comprehensive discussion of the key issues and challenges in vocabulary studies, with research taken from the past 40 years;â includes chapters on both formulaic language as well as single-word items;â features original contributions from a range of internationally renowned scholars as well as academics at the forefront of innovative research.The Routledge Handbook of Vocabulary Studies is an essential text for those interested in teaching, learning, and researcTrade Review"This is an outstanding contribution to the field of second language vocabulary acquisition. It is full of state-of-the-art articles by all the leading researchers and theorists in the field. This book should be recommended reading for researchers, practitioners and administrators interested in understanding how a second language vocabulary is learnt." Rob Waring, Notre Dame Seishin University, Japan"The relatively young field of vocabulary studies has recently developed and widened to such an extent that a volume covering all its subdomains was badly needed. This volume brings us up to date with 35 contributions, written by among the best experts in the world, competently edited by Stuart Webb, one of the most prominent researchers in this field. There is simply no good reason not to consult this volume."Jan Hulstijn, University of Amsterdam, The NetherlandsTable of ContentsList of figuresList of tablesList of contributorsAcknowledgements 1 Introduction Part I UNDERSTANDING VOCABULARY 2 The different aspects of vocabulary knowledge 3 Classifying and identifying formulaic language 4 An overview of conceptual models and thories of lexical representation in the mental lexicon 5 The relationship between vocabulary knowledge and language proficiency 6 Frequency as a guide for vocabulary usefulness: High-, mid- and low-frequency words7 Academic vocabulary 8 Technical vocabulary 9 Factors affecting the learning of single word items 10 Factors affecting the learning of multiword items 11 Learning single words vs. multiword items 12 Processing single- and multi-word items 13 L1 and L2 vocabulary size and growth 14 How does vocabulary fit into theories of second language learning? Part ¿ APPROACHES TO TEACHING AND LEARNING VOCABULARY 15 Incidental vocabulary learning 16 Intentional L2 vocabulary learning 17 Approaches to learning vocabulary inside the classroom 18 Strategies for learning vocabulary 19 Corpus-based wordlists in second language vocabulary research, learning, and teaching 20 Learning words with flashcards and wordcards 21 Resources for learning single-word items 22 Resources for learning multi-word items 23 Evaluating exercises for learning vocabulary Part III MEASURING KNOWLEDGE OF VOCABULARY 24 Measuring depth of vocabulary knowledge 25 Measuring knowledge of multiword items 26 Measuring vocabulary learning progress 27 Measuring the ability to learn words 28 Sensitive measures of vocabulary knowledge and processing: Expanding Nation’s framework29 Measuring lexical richness Part IV KEY ISSUES IN TEACHING, RESEARCHING, AND MEASURING VOCABULARY 30 Key issues in teaching single word items 31 Key issues in teaching multiword items 32 Single, but not unrelated: Key issues in teaching single word items 33 Key issues in researching multiword items 34 Key issues in measuring vocabulary knowledge 35 Resources for researching vocabulary Index

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Book SynopsisThis seven-level course is built on a unique combination of three learning pillars ? literacy, oracy and creativity ? and empowers young learners to reach their full potential. Children learn to read through exposure to vocabulary in natural contexts in original fiction and nonfiction texts, then read to learn! They investigate Big Questions throughout each unit, thinking critically along the way. The groundbreaking oracy framework puts the focus on both verbal and nonverbal skills, helping learners grow into confident, competent communicators. The creativity principles encourage students to become better thinkers and problem solvers, while enjoying themselves!

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Book SynopsisThe easy way to master French grammar French Grammar For Dummies is a logical extension and complement to the successful language learning book, French For Dummies.Table of ContentsIntroduction 1 Part I: Getting Started with French Grammar 5 Chapter 1: French Grammar in a Nutshell 7 Chapter 2: Sounding Out French Words 17 Chapter 3: Using Nouns and Determiners 35 Chapter 4: Describing Nouns with Adjectives 55 Chapter 5: Dealing with Numbers, Dates, and Times 69 Part II: Constructing Sentences, Saying No, and Asking Questions 85 Chapter 6: Acquainting Yourself with the Present Tense 87 Chapter 7: Acting on Oneself and on Each Other: Pronominal Verbs 107 Chapter 8: Just Say No: Negative Words and Phrases 119 Chapter 9: Handling Questions and Exclamations 131 Part III: Beefing Up Your Sentences 155 Chapter 10: Saying Where, When, and How with Adverbs 157 Chapter 11: Picking Up Prepositions 171 Chapter 12: It’s All Relative: Making Comparisons 187 Chapter 13: Using Pronouns 203 Chapter 14: Adding the Gerund and the Passive to Your Repertoire 227 Part IV: Talking about the Past or Future 237 Chapter 15: Noting Past Actions with the Present Perfect 239 Chapter 16: Reminiscing and Describing Ongoing Past Actions with the Imperfect 253 Chapter 17: Projecting Forward with the Future 265 Part V: Expressing Conditions, Subjectivity, and Orders 283 Chapter 18: Wondering with the Conditional 285 Chapter 19: Surveying the Subjunctive 301 Chapter 20: Giving Orders with the Imperative 319 Chapter 21: Discovering Compound Tenses 333 Part VI: The Part of Tens 341 Chapter 22: Ten Common French Grammar Mistakes (And How to Avoid Them) 343 Chapter 23: Ten (Or So) Useful French Idioms 349 Index 353

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Book SynopsisImprove your English grammar You have nothing to lose and everything to gain by using proper English language and grammar. The ability to articulate and communicate effectively is a valuable asset in all aspects of life. From writing a research paper to giving a presentation at work or just holding a casual conversation with friends or family, strong verbal and written skills are necessities in everyday communication. English Grammar Workbook For Dummies is the perfect solution for sharpening the tools in your grammar kit, with lessons and plenty of practice opportunities to help reinforce learning.Whether you need to brush up on the finer points of punctuation, need help making sense of those pesky parts of speechor anything in betweenthis approachable guide makes it fast and easy. Find FREE quizzes for every chapter online Handle pronouns with grace Master plurals and possessives Improve your proofreading skills Everyone benefits from using proper grammar and speech, and now Table of ContentsIntroduction 1 Foolish Assumptions 2 Icons Used in This Book 2 Beyond the Book 3 Where to Go from Here 3 Part 1: Building a Firm Foundation: Grammar Basics 5 Chapter 1: Tailoring Language to Suit Your Audience and Purpose 7 Climbing the Ladder of Language Formality 8 Matching Message to Situation 10 Answers to “Tailoring Language to Suit Your Audience and Purpose” 13 Chapter 2: Identifying the Major Elements of a Sentence 15 Going to the Heart of the Matter: The Verb 15 Treasure hunt: Finding the verb 16 Choosing the correct verb for negative expressions 17 Questioning with verbs 18 Aiding and abetting: Helping verbs 19 Zeroing in on the Subject 20 When one isn’t enough: Forming noun plurals 21 Adding Meaning: Objects and Complements 23 Answers to Questions about Major Elements of a Sentence 25 Chapter 3: Having It All: Writing Complete Sentences 29 Finding Subjects and Verbs that Match 30 Checking for Complete Thoughts 31 Improving Flow with Properly Joined Sentences 33 Setting the Tone with Endmarks 36 Proper Sentence or Not? That Is the Question 37 Calling All Overachievers: Extra Practice with Complete Sentences 39 Answers to Complete Sentence Problems 40 Part 2: Clearing Up Confusing Grammar Points 45 Chapter 4: Finding the Right Verb at the Right Time 47 Using Past, Present, and Future Tense at the Right Times 47 Putting Perfect Tenses in the Spotlight 49 Speaking of the Past and Things That Never Change 51 Romeo Lives! Writing about Literature and Art in Present Tense 53 Hitting Curveballs: Irregular Forms 54 Getting a Handle on Common Irregulars: Be and Have 56 Calling All Overachievers: Extra Practice with Verbs 58 Answers to Problems on Verbs and Verb Tenses 59 Chapter 5: Agreement: Choosing Singular or Plural Verbs and Pronouns 67 Meeting Their Match: Pairing Subjects and Verbs 67 Boning up on the basics 68 Taming the tough guys: Difficult subjects 70 Dealing with tricksters 72 Matching Pronouns and Antecedents 73 Calling All Overachievers: Extra Practice with Hitching Subjects and Verbs 77 Answers to Subject, Verb, and Pronoun Pairing Problems 78 Chapter 6: Solving Pronoun Case 85 Meeting the Subject at Hand and the Object of My Affection 85 To “Who” or To “Whom”? That Is the Question 87 You Talkin’ to Me, or I? Pronouns as Objects of Prepositions 89 Matching Possessive Pronouns to “-ing” Nouns 90 Missing in Action: Choosing Pronouns for Implied Comparisons 91 Calling All Overachievers: Extra Practice with Pronoun Case 92 Answers to Advanced Pronoun Problems 93 Chapter 7: Little Words Packing a Lot of Power: Prepositions and Interjections 99 Pinning Down Prepositions 100 Interjections Are Simple! 102 Calling All Overachievers: Extra Practice with Prepositions and Interjections 103 Answers to Questions About Prepositions and Interjections 104 Chapter 8: Writing Good or Well: Adjectives and Adverbs 107 Identifying Adjectives and Adverbs 107 The Right Place at the Right Time: Placing Adjectives and Adverbs 109 How’s It Going? Choosing Between Good/Well and Bad/Badly 111 Mastering the Art of Articles 112 For Better or Worse: Forming Comparisons 113 Visiting the -ER (and the -EST): One- or two-word comparisons 113 Going from bad to worse (and good to better): Irregular comparisons 116 Calling All Overachievers: Extra Practice with Descriptors 117 Answers to Adjective and Adverb Problems 118 Part 3: Mastering Mechanics 125 Chapter 9: A Hook That Can Catch You: Apostrophes 127 Showing Who Owns What: Possessives 128 Tightening Up Text: Contractions 129 Calling All Overachievers: Extra Practice with Apostrophes 132 Answers to Apostrophe Problems 133 Chapter 10: “Can I Quote You on That?” Quotation Marks 137 Quoting and Paraphrasing: What’s the Difference? 137 Giving Voice to Direct Quotations 139 Punctuating Titles 140 Calling All Overachievers: Extra Practice with Quotation Marks 142 Answers to Quotation Problems 143 Chapter 11: Pausing to Consider the Comma 147 Keeping Lists in Order with Commas and Semicolons 148 Directly Addressing the Listener or Reader 150 Punctuating Dates and Addresses 150 Placing Commas in Combined Sentences 152 Inserting Extras with Commas: Introductions and Interruptions 154 Setting Descriptions Apart 155 Calling All Overachievers: Extra Practice with Commas 157 Answers to Comma Problems 158 Chapter 12: Handling Dashes, Hyphens, and Colons 165 Dashing Off 165 Helping Yourself to Hyphens 167 Coming to a Stop: Colons 168 Calling All Overachievers: Extra Practice with Dashes, Hyphens, and Colons 170 Answers to Problems on Dashes, Hyphens, and Colons 171 Chapter 13: Hitting the Big Time: Capital Letters 175 Paying Respect to People’s Names and Titles 176 Capitalizing the Right Time and Place 177 Working with Business and School Terms 178 Capitalizing Titles of Literary and Media Works 180 Managing Capital Letters in Abbreviations 181 Calling All Overachievers: Extra Practice with Capital Letters 182 Answers to Capitalization Problems 183 Chapter 14: Writing for Electronic Media 187 Knowing Your Audience: The Right Writing for the Right Situation 187 Shortening Your Message 190 Powering Up Your Presentation Slides 192 Calling All Overachievers: Extra Practice with Electronic Media 195 Answers to Electronic Media Problems 196 Part 4: Going Above and Beyond: the Finer Points Of Grammar and Style 199 Chapter 15: Going for the Gold: The Finer Points of Verb Usage 201 Voicing an Opinion: Active and Passive Verbs 201 In the Mood: Selecting the Right Verb for All Sorts of Sentences 203 Indicating facts: Indicative mood 204 Issuing commands: Imperative mood 204 Telling lies: Subjunctive mood 205 Spicing Up Sentences by Adding Interesting Verbs 207 Calling All Overachievers: Extra Practice with Voice and Mood 208 Answers to Voice and Mood Problems 210 Chapter 16: Identifying Clauses and Their Effects 215 Locating Clauses 215 Sorting Independent and Subordinate Clauses 217 Making Clauses Work Together 218 Answers to Clause Problems 221 Chapter 17: Adding Style to Sentences 225 Speaking Verbally 225 Identifying verbals 226 Telling time with verbals 227 Playing with Sentence Patterns 228 Introductory elements 228 Combining ideas and changing word order 231 Calling All Overachievers: Extra Practice Honing Your Sentences 233 Answers to Sentence Improvement Problems 234 Chapter 18: Staying on Track: Parallel Writing 239 Geometry Meets English: Making Sentences Parallel 239 Staying in Gear: Avoiding Unnecessary Shifts 242 Following Special Rules for VIPs: Very Important Pairs 245 Drawing Parallel Comparisons 247 Calling All Overachievers: Extra Practice with Parallels 248 Answers to Parallelism Problems 249 Chapter 19: Steering Clear of Confusion: Clarity 255 Putting Descriptive Words in Their Proper Place 255 Inserting single-word descriptions 256 Relocating longer descriptions 257 Dangling descriptions 259 Getting caught in the middle: Vague descriptions 262 Avoiding Illogical Comparisons 263 Completing half-finished comparisons 263 Being smarter than yourself: Illogical comparisons 265 Making Sure Your Pronouns Are Meaningful 267 Calling All Overachievers: Extra Practice in Writing Clear Sentences 269 Answers to Clarity Problems 270 Chapter 20: Dealing with Grammar Demons 277 Dropping Double Negatives 277 Telling Word-Twins Apart 279 Distinguishing Between Commonly Confused Words 280 Counting and Measuring Grammatically 281 Taming Tricky Verbs 282 Banishing Bogus Expressions 283 Calling All Overachievers: Extra Practice with Tricky Words 287 Answers to Grammar Demon Problems 288 Appendix: Grabbing Grammar Goofs 293 Index 313

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Book SynopsisNow in its second edition, Romanian: An Essential Grammar is a concise, user-friendly guide to modern Romanian. It takes the student through the essentials of the language, explaining each concept clearly and providing many examples of contemporary Romanian usage.This fully revised second edition contains: a chapter of each of the most common grammatical areas with Romanian and English examples extensive examples of the more difficult areas of the grammar a section with exercises to consolidate the learning and the answer key a list of useful verbs an appendix listing useful websites for further information a glossary of grammatical terms used in the book a useful bibliographical list.Suitable for both classroom use and independent study, this book is ideal for beginner to intermediate students.Table of ContentsPart 1: An essential grammar 1. Sounds and letters 2. Nouns 3. Articles 4. Adjectives 5. Pronouns 6. Numerals 7. Verbs 8. Adverbs 9. Prepositions 10. Conjunctions 11. Interjections 12. Word formation Part 2: Language functions 13. Socialising 14. Exchanging factual information 15. Expressing opinions and attitudes 16. Judgement and evaluation

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Book SynopsisThis new edition of Portuguese: An Essential Grammar is a practical reference guide to the most important aspects of modern European Portuguese. Combining traditional and function-based grammar, the book sets out the complexities of Portuguese in short, readable sections. Explanations are clear, free from jargon and substantiated by examples. Throughout, the emphasis is on Portuguese as used by native speakers.This third edition: reflects the new orthographic agreement; includes an expanded section on verbs and pronouns, as well as a new section on syntax; provides authentic examples to illustrate grammar in context; focuses on Portuguese as used in Portugal and Africa; links to Basic Portuguese: A Grammar and Workbook, which offers a valuable set of language practice exercises; includes a detailed contents list and index for easy access to information. Table of ContentsChapter 1 Pronunciation and spelling Chapter 2 Nouns Chapter 3 Articles Chapter 4 Adjectives Chapter 5 Pronouns Chapter 6 Numerals Chapter 7 Verbs Chapter 8 Adverbs Chapter 9 Conjunctions Chapter 10 Prepositions Chapter 11 Elements of Syntax Chapter 12 Additional notes on Portuguese usage Chapter 13 Socializing Chapter 14 Exchanging factual information Chapter 15 Getting things done Chapter 16 Finding out and expressing intellectual attitudes Chapter 17 Judgement and evaluation

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Book SynopsisGeorgian: A Comprehensive Grammar constitutes a complete reference work addressing all major elements of modern Georgian grammar and usage.It provides a systematic and accessible description of the language's phonology, orthography, morphology, and syntax. The focus is on contemporary spoken and written usage, with attention devoted throughout to differences in register and genre. Points are illustrated with examples drawn from a range of authentic written and recorded sources, such as press, radio, and television.The grammar is designed for a wide readership, including students of Georgian, particularly at the intermediate and advanced levels, as well as scholars of Georgian and theoretical linguistics.Table of ContentsAcknowledgements GEORGIAN LANGUAGE AND ALPHABET1. PLACE OF THE GEORGIAN LANGUAGE AMONG THE SOUTH CAUCASIAN LANGUAGES 2. THE GEORGIAN ALPHABET PHONOLOGY3. SOUND SYSTEM OF THE GEORGIAN LANGUAGE 3.1. Classification of consonants 3.1.1. Consonant triples 3.1.2. Consonant pairs 3.1.3. Separate consonants 3.1.4. Structure of consonant clusters 3.2. Classification of vowels 3.2.1. Backness 3.2.2. Height 3.2.3. Traingle of vowels MORPHOLOGY4. NOUNS 4.1. Noun groups 4.1.1. Animate and inanimate nouns 4.1.2. Concrete and abstract nouns 4.1.3. Proper and common nouns 4.1.4. Collective nouns 4.1.5. Noncount nouns 4.2. Grammatical categories of nouns 4.2.1. Case and number markers 4.2.2. Function of cases 4.3. Declension of noun 4.3.1. Declension of common nouns 4.3.1.1. Declension of consonant-stem non-syncopating common nouns 4.3.1.2. Declension of consonant-stem syncopating common nouns 4.3.1.3. Consonant-stem common nouns with irregular syncopation patterns 4.3.1.4. Declension of vowel-stem common nouns 4.3.1.5. Declension of vowel-stem non-truncating common nouns 4.3.1.6. Declension of vowel-stem truncating common nouns 4.3.1.7. Vowel-stem common nouns with irregular declension patterns 4.3.1.8. Declension of vowel-stem truncating common nouns with syncope 4.4. Declension of proper names 4.4.1. Declension of consonant-stem personal names 4.4.2. Declension of consonant-stem geographic names 4.4.3. Declension of vowel-stem given names 4.4.4. Declension of vowel-stem family names 4.4.5. Declension of given and family names together 4.4.6. Vowel-stem geographic names 4.4.6.1. Non-truncating geographic names 4.4.6.2. Truncating geographic names 5. ADJECTIVES 5.1. Groups of Adjectives 5.1.1. Derivative Adjectives 5.2. Comparative and superlative Adjectives 5.3. Declension of Adjectives 5.3.1. Declension of adjectives without noun 5.3.2. Declension of Adjectives preceding noun5.3.2.1. Declension of vowel-stem adjectives preceding noun 5.3.2.2. Declension of consonant stem adjectives preceding noun 6. NUMERALS 6.1. Types of numerals 6.1.1. Cardinal numerals 6.1.2. Spelling of Cardinal Numerals 6.2. Ordinal and Fractional Numerals 6.3. Declension of Numerals 6.3.1. Declension of consonant-stem cardinal numerals 6.3.1.1. Declension of consonant-stem cardinal numerals 6.3.1.2. Declension of consonant-stem quantifiers 6.3.2. Declension of vowel-stem numerals 6.3.2.1. Declension of vowel-stem cardinal numerals 6.3.2.2. Declension of vowel-stem quantifiers 6.3.2.3. Declension of vowel stem ordinal numerals 6.3.3. Declension of cardinal numerals extended by particles 6.3.4. Declension of numerals followed by noun 6.3.4.1. Declension of vowel-stem numerals followed by noun 6.3.4.2. Declension of consonant-stem cardinal numerals followed by noun 6.3.5. Declension of numerals followed by numerals 7. PRONOUNS 7.1. Personal pronouns and their declension7.2. Reflexive pronouns 7.3. Possessive pronouns and their declension 7.3.1. Declension of possesive pronouns with noun 7.4. Demonstrative pronouns 7.4.1. Declension of demonstrative pronouns 7.4.2. Declension of demonstrative pronouns preceding noun 7.4.3. Declension of demonstrative pronouns with added particles separately and with noun 7.5. Interrogative pronouns and their declension 7.5.1. Declension of interrogative pronouns preceding noun 7.6. Possessive-interrogative pronouns and their declension 7.6.1. Declension of possessive-interrogative pronouns preceding noun 7.7. Negative pronouns and their declension 7.8. Definite pronouns and their declension 7.8.1. Declension of definite pronouns preceding noun 7.9. Indefinite pronouns and their declension 7.9.1. Declension of indefinite pronouns preceding noun 7.10. Reciprocal pronouns and their declension 7.11. Relative pronouns and their Declension 8. COMPOUNDS 8.1. Semantics of Compounds 8.2. Structure of Compounds 8.2.1. Compounds with reduplicated stems 8.2.2. Compounds with different stems 8.2.3. Closed Compounds 9. VERBS 9.1. Person and number of the Verb 9.1.1. Persons and actants 9.1.2. Subject and number markers 9.1.3. Direct/indirect object and number markers 9.1.4. Subject and object cases 9.1.5. Inversion of subject and object markers 9.1.6. Grammatical and actual verb persons 9.2. Preverbs 9.2.1. Structure of preverbs 9.2.2. Functions of preverb 9.3. Voice and Transitivity of verbs 9.3.1. Active voice 9.3.2. Passive voice 9.3.2.1. Suffixal passive voice verbs 9.3.2.2. Prefixal passive voice verbs 9.3.2.3. Root passive voice verbs 9.3.3. Medial verbs 9.3.3.1. Medio-Active verbs 9.3.3.2. Medio-Passive verbs 9.4. Version 9.4.1. Neutral and Locative versions 9.4.2. Subjective version 9.4.3. Objective version 9.5. Tense and its subcategories 9.5.1. Mood 9.5.2. Aspect 9.6. Conjugation of Verbs 9.6.1. I Series 9.6.1.2. Present Subseries 9.6.1.2.1. Present 9.6.1.2.2. Imperfect 9.6.1.2.3. Present subjunctive 9.6.1.3. Future Subseries 9.6.2. II Series 9.6.2.1. Aorist 9.6.2.2. Optative 9.6.3. III Series9.6.3.1. Perfect 9.6.3.2. Pluperfect 9.6.3.3. Perfect subjunctive 9.7. Irregular verbs 9.7.1. Irregular verbs with changing stems in agreement with a plural subject 9.7.2. Irregular verbs with changing stems in agreement with a plural direct object 9.7.3. Honorific verbs of polite conversation 9.7.4. Irregular verbs with changing stems by tense 9.7.5. Irregular verbs with changimg stems by aspect 9.8. Verbal nouns 9.8.1. Gerund and its derivation9.8.2. Participles 9.8.2.1. Active voice Participles 9.8.2.2. Passive voice participles 9.8.2.2.1. Past passive participles 9.8.2.2.2. Future passive participles 9.8.2.2.3 Negative passive participles 9.8.2.3. Medial voice participles 10. ADVERBS 10.1. Primary and derivative adverbs 10.2. Semantic groups of Adverbs 11. POSPOSITIONS 12. CONJUNCTIONS 12.1. Coordinating Conjunctions 12.1.1. Correlative Conjunctions 12.1.2. Separating Conjunctions 12.1.3. Contrastive Conjunctions 12.1.4. Equating Conjunctions 12.2. Subordinating Conjunctions 13. PARTICLES 13.1. Interrogative particles 13.2. Limiting particles 13.3. Negation particles 13.4. Affirmative particles13.5. Reported speech particles 13.6. Approximating particles 13.7. Emphasizing particles 13.8. Particles expressing wish or desire 13.9. Selective particles 13.10. Particles expressing possibility or supposition 13.11. Imitative particles 13.12. Indicative particles 13.13. Particle denoting frequency of action 13.14. Particle denoting not witnessed action 13.15. Parts of speech functioning as particles 14. INTERJECTIONS SINTACTIC STRUCTURES15. NOUN PHRASE 15.1. Noun/subject 15.2. Noun/direct and indirect objects 15.3. Adjectives 15.3.1. Attributive adjectives 15.3.2. Genitive modifier 16. VERB PHRASE 16.1. Predicate 16.1.1. Simple predicate 16.1.2. Compound predicate and its structure 16.2. Adjunct object 16.3. Predicative adjective 16.4. Adverbial modifiers 17. SYNTACTYC PAIRS 17.1. Number of syntactic pairs in the sentence 17.2. Types of word relations within syntactic pairs 17.2.1. Coordination 17.2.2. Subordination 17.3. Increasing and decreasing basic parts of a sentence 17.3.1. Increasing the number of actants in a sentence 17.3.1.1. Increasing the number of actants with causative verbs 17.3.1.2. Increasing the number of actants by changing version 17.3.1.3. Increasing the number of actants with preverbs 17.3.2. Decreasing the number of actants in a sentence 17.3.2.1. Conversion 18. MODALITY OF SENTENCES 18.1. Declarative sentence 18.2. Interrogative sentence 18.3. Imperative and Exclamative sentences 18.4. Interrogative-Exclamative sentence 19. STRUCTURE OF SENTENCES 19.1. Simple Sentences 19.1.1. Unextended and extended sentences 19.1.2. Complete and Incomplete Sentences 19.1.3. Sentences without or with omitted subjects 19.1.4. Noun-sentence 19.2. Sentence with coordinated parts 19.2.1. Coordinated parts 19.2.1.1. Joining coordinated parts 19.3. Coordinated parts in syntactic pairs 19.3.1. Compound predicates 19.3.2. Compound subjects 19.3.3. Coordinated direct objects 19.3.4. Coordinated indirect objects 19.4. Parenthetical words and phrases 19.4.1. Appositive 19.4.2. Free modifiers 19.4.3. Asides 19.4.4. Addressing formulas and expressions 20. COMPLEX SENTENCE 20.1. Complex coordinate sentence 20.2. Complex subordinate sentence 20.3. Adverbial Clause of Condition 20.4. Adverbial Clause of Concession 20.5. Adverbial Clause of Result 20.6. The compound-complex sentence 20.6.1. Compound sentence with several subordinate clauses 20.6.2. Mixed sentences 20.7. Direct and Indirect speech BIBLIOGRAPHY

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Book SynopsisYufa! A Practical Guide to Mandarin Chinese Grammar takes a unique approach to explaining the major topics of Mandarin Chinese grammar. The book is presented in two sections: the core structures of Chinese grammar, and the practical use of the Chinese language. Key features include: Chinese characters, pinyin and English translations Realistic scenarios to provide you with an interesting context in which to learn grammar Varied and imaginative exercises so you can review your progress easily.With straightforward descriptions, numerous exercises, and examples that are rooted in realistic situations, the author shows you how grammar is used in everyday life. This new second edition has been fully revised and updated throughout and continues to be one of the clearest and most comprehensive pedagogical grammars available.Table of Contents1 The basic formation of a Chinese sentence2 The eleven types of question in Chinese 3 The use of □□, □□ and □□ and the definiteness of nouns 4 The functions of □□, relative clauses and noun clauses 5 Position words 6 Prepositional constructions 7 Imperative sentences and the use of □□ 8 Chinese verbs9 The progressive aspect and the continuous aspect10 The use of □□ (the perfective aspect particle andmodal particle) 11 The use of □□ (the experiential aspect particle) 12 Modal verbs 13 The complement of state and the complement of degree 14 The complement of duration 15 The complement of quantity 16 The complement of direction 17 The complement of result 18 The complement of potential 19 The adverbial modifi er with □□ 20 The □□……□□ structure 21 Subjectless sentences and existential sentences 22 The □□ structure 23 Passive structures 24 Making comparisons (1) 25 Making comparisons (2) 26 Measure words 27 Verb reduplication and adjective reduplication 28 The use of □□□□, □□□□ and □□□□ 29 Modal particles 30 Conjunctive pairs 31 Conjunctions used in context 32 The use of □□ and □□ 33 The use of adverbs in contracted sentences34 The use of interrogative pronouns 35 Rhetorical questions

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Book SynopsisGet It Right: Boost Your Vocabulary is a series of practical, write-in workbooks that are designed to expand students'' vocabulary and address the word gap. The series includes carefully selected, aspirational words drawn from the Oxford Children''s Corpus, focusing on vocabulary that will help students to access more challenging texts, as well as higher-level words that will empower them to use more sophisticated vocabulary in their own writing. Informed by findings from the Oxford Language Report, Get It Right: Boost Your Vocabulary Workbook 2 builds students'' tier 2 vocabulary through a range of levelled comprehension and contextual activities, alongside a selection of engaging fiction and non-fiction extracts. Answers to all activities are provided on the Oxford University Press website.

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Book SynopsisGet It Right: Boost Your Vocabulary is a series of practical, write-in workbooks that are designed to expand students'' vocabulary and address the word gap. The series includes carefully selected, aspirational words drawn from the Oxford Children''s Corpus, focusing on vocabulary that will help students to access more challenging texts, as well as higher-level words that will empower them to use more sophisticated vocabulary in their own writing. Informed by findings from the Oxford Language Report, Get It Right: Boost Your Vocabulary Workbook 2 builds students'' tier 2 vocabulary through a range of levelled comprehension and contextual activities, alongside a selection of engaging fiction and non-fiction extracts. Answers to all activities are provided on the Oxford University Press website.

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Book SynopsisIs this the right book for me?With over 30,000 translations, including everyday idioms and expressions, Essential Dutch Dictionary is the perfect tool to support your Dutch learning. This edition is fully updated to reflect the recently published spelling conventions, and includes a guide to usage and insights from the author to help you learn and remember new words and phrases.Learn effortlessly with a new easy-to-read page design, in particular: Author insightsLots of instant help with common problems and quick tips for success, based on the author's many years of experience. Table of Contents : Introduction : Sounds and spelling : A concise Dutch grammar : Dutch-English : English-Dutch

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Book SynopsisComprehensive and clear explanations of key grammar patterns and structures are reinforced and contextualized through authentic materials. You will not only learn how to construct grammar correctly, but when and where to use it so you sound natural and appropriate. French Grammar You Really Need to Know will help you gain the intuition you need to become a confident communicator in your new language.Trade ReviewUnderstanding grammar is key to grasping a foreign language and this new ebook is the ideal companion to help you get to grips with the building blocks of French. * Living France *Table of Contents : Introduction 1: Greetings and introductions 2: Likes and dislikes 3: Describing people and habitual actions 4: Making requests 5: Saying what you prefer 6: Saying what you are going to do 7: Saying who owns what 8: Permission and obligation 9: Directions, instructions and advice 10: Describing a sequence of events 11: Future plans and events 12: Orders and instructions 13: Talking about past events 14: Habitual actions in the past 15: Going back in the past 16: Wishes, probability and possibility 17: How you feel about something 18: Imagining what could happen : Transcriptions - In context : Key : Verb tables : Index

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Book SynopsisDo you want to bring clarity to your communication by:- getting to grips with the building blocks of Italian?- learning the right language for the right context?- speaking and writing with ease and style?In this course you'll find comprehensive and clear explanations of key grammar patterns and structures reinforced and raised through authentic materials. You will learn how to construct grammar correctly and when and where to use it so you sound natural and appropriate. You'll also get extensive practice through exercises and self-assessments.This book offers:- clear learning goals to guide your learning- comprehension questions to test your knowledge- language in context sections to demonstrate grammar usage in everyday-life situations- glossary of grammatical terms and verb tables for easy reference. Table of Contents : Introduction : Introduction : How to use this book : How to use this book : Glossary of grammatical terms : Glossary of grammatical terms : Functional grammar : Functional grammar 01: Asking for and giving personal information : 01 Asking for and giving personal information : 02 Identifying people and things 02: Identifying people and things 03: Asking about availability : 03 Asking about availability : 04 Talking about location 04: Talking about location 05: Stating choice and preference : 05 Stating choice and preference : 06 Talking about the present 06: Talking about the present 07: Talking about routine and habits : 07 Talking about routine and habits : 08 Talking about possibility and asking permission 08: Talking about possibility and asking permission 09: Giving orders and instructions : 09 Giving orders and instructions : 10 Talking about possession 10: Talking about possession 11: Talking about events and actions in the past : 11 Talking about events and actions in the past : 12 Describing the past 12: Describing the past 13: Talking about the future : 13 Talking about the future : 14 Talking about wants and preferences 14: Talking about wants and preferences 15: Describing processes and procedures : 15 Describing processes and procedures : 16 Talking about likes and dislikes 16: Talking about likes and dislikes 17: Asking and giving an opinion : 17 Asking and giving an opinion : 18 Expressing obligation and need 18: Expressing obligation and need 19: Expressing emotions and uncertainty : 19 Expressing emotions and uncertainty : 20 Expressing wishes or polite requests 20: Expressing wishes or polite requests 21: Expressing regrets : 21 Expressing regrets : 22 Expressing conditions 22: Expressing conditions : Key to the exercises : Key to the exercises : Reference grammar : Reference grammar 01: Nouns with irregular plurals : 01 Nouns with irregular plurals : 02 Adjectives extra 02: Adjectives extra 03: Comparison : 03 Comparison : 04 Pronouns 04: Pronouns 05: Indefinites : 05 Indefinites : 06 Quantity 06: Quantity 07: Relative pronouns : 07 Relative pronouns : 08 Prepositions 08: Prepositions 09: Negatives : 09 Negatives : 10 Question words 10: Question words 11: Conjunctions : 11 Conjunctions : 12 Linking parts of sentences 12: Linking parts of sentences 13: Verbs : 13 Verbs : Taking it further : Taking it further : Index : Index

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Book SynopsisDo you want to communicate easily and freely in German?Master German grammar and broaden your vocabulary with your very own German Tutor. This contemporary interactive workbook features 200 activities across a range of grammar and vocabulary points with clear goals, concise explanations, and real-world tasks. By studying and practising German grammar you''ll understand how the language really works and be able to speak German with clarity and ease.What will I learn?The German Tutor: Grammar and Vocabulary Workbook covers a comprehensive range of the most useful and frequent grammar and vocabulary in German. You can follow along unit by unit, or dip in and dip out to address your weak areas. As you progress, you will be introduced to new vocabulary and combine it with the grammar to complete extensive exercises. You will then practice the language through authentic reading and writing practice. You will achieve a solid upper intermediate le

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Book SynopsisWhat is the word for 'peacebuilding' in Arabic? How would you translate 'multilateral negotiations'? This short, accessible vocabulary gives you ready-made lists of 1,300+ Arabic expressions, terms and idioms in 10 key areas of diplomatic discourse.

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Book SynopsisExam board: AQALevel: A-levelSubject: FrenchFirst teaching: September 2016First exams: Summer 2017Essential vocabulary for AQA A-level French, all in one place.- Supplement key resources such as course textbooks with all the vocab students need to know in one easy-to-navigate place, completed updated to match the latest specification - Ensure extensive vocab coverage with topic-by-topic lists of key words and phrases, including a new section dedicated to film and literature - Test students' knowledge with end-of-topic activities designed to deepen their understanding of word patterns and relationships - Develop effective strategies for learning new vocab and dealing with unfamiliar words

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Book SynopsisEnjoy Esperanto introduces you to the more advanced points of Esperanto grammar and develops your vocabulary through a variety of engaging and contemporary themes, giving you the skills you need to respond to a wide range of authentic texts and conversations.What will I achieve by the end of the course?By the end of Enjoy Esperanto you will have increased your capacity to understand the spoken and written language, and furthered your ability to communicate with Esperanto speakers, orally and in writing. This course aims to take you from a good intermediate level (B1/B2 on the Common European Framework of Reference for languages / Advanced Low of the ACTFL) and help you progress up to a C1 / Advanced High level. Is this course for me?If you already know some Esperanto and want to take it further, this is the course for you. It''s perfect for the self-study learner, with a one-to-one tutor

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Book SynopsisEnglish grammar doesn't have to be difficult. This book, complete with exercises and answers, forms a course which will take you from beginner or intermediate level to writing or using English confidently and correctly. This book includes: simple step-by-step explanations to help you grasp new principles or those that have previously confused you; practice questions throughout, to help you embed your learning and improve your confidence, and points of interest to lighten your learning - all in one great-value book, so you don't need any separate workbooks or coursebooks. Chapters include: the history of the English language; syllables and morphemes; nouns; pronouns; verbs; adjectives and adverbs; prepositions and conjunctions; phrases and clauses; kinds of sentence; direct and indirect speech; prefixes and suffixes; gender and grammar; spelling and punctuation.ABOUT THE SERIESThe Complete Introduction series from Teach Yourself is the ultimate one-stop guide for anyone wanting a comprehensive and accessible entry point into subjects as diverse as philosophy, mathematics, psychology, Shakespeare and economics. Loved by students and perfect for general readers who simply want to learn more about the world around them, these books are your first choice for discovering something new.Table of Contents : Introduction 01: The history of the English language 02: Dividing the word: Syllables and Morphemes 03: Nouns 04: Pronouns 05: Verbs 06: Modifiers: Adjectives and adverbs 07: Function words: Prepositions and Conjunctions 08: Phrases and Clauses 09: Kinds of Sentence 10: Direct and Indirect Speech 11: Affixes:Prefixes and Suffixes 12: Gender and Grammar 13: Register: Formal and Informal 14: Spelling and Punctuation : Over to you Answers : Glossary : Taking it further

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Book SynopsisThe Biblical Hebrew Vocabulary Card provides learners with easy access to the words that appear on almost every page of the Hebrew Bible. This six-page trifold study guide translates 1,600 of the most common words in the Hebrew Bible, arranged alphabetically, with straightforward and precise definitions. Along with the Biblical Hebrew Grammar Card, this card will provide a reliable and easy-to-use reference for students of Biblical Hebrew.

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Book SynopsisThis book presents and discusses theoretical and practical perspectives on English pronunciation theory, research and practice in order to establish evidence-based pronunciation teaching models, teaching and research priorities, and recommendations for best practices in teaching English pronunciation. The chapters provide a balanced view of theory and practice based on the authors’ empirical findings and their extensive professional experiences in English as a second/foreign language (ESL/EFL) and lingua franca contexts. The book identifies pronunciation teaching priorities that take into account individual learner variables, disseminates knowledge about theoretical frameworks, explores teachers’ and learners’ beliefs and practices regarding pronunciation instruction, and shares empirical findings regarding teacher education and teaching interventions in diverse contexts with English learners of different ages and language backgrounds. Overall, the chapters highlight the need to focus on intelligibility models that consider individual learner differences, and teacher and contextual variables.Trade ReviewThis broad collection of work on the learning and teaching of L2 English pronunciation is invaluable to researchers, teachers and teacher educators. Research-informed pronunciation teaching takes a step forward with this volume, showing us how to learn from our collective experience and apply new knowledge about pronunciation learning and teaching. * Una Cunningham, Stockholm University, Sweden *For a balanced, comprehensive look at the state-of-the-art in English pronunciation teaching, look no further. This volume, co-edited by two influential voices in the field, not only offers a superb framing of theoretical perspectives but also, through its practice-oriented contributions, gives language teachers and learners a voice in explaining their lived experience. I’m thrilled to be able to draw on this book both for me and for my students. * Pavel Trofimovich, Concordia University, Canada *This volume brings together an excellent collection of inspiring theoretical and methodological studies by leading scholars in the field of pronunciation teaching and learning. It offers very insightful research perspectives on second language pronunciation, making an extremely valuable contribution to bridging the gap between research and practice. * Joan C. Mora, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain *Table of ContentsAbbreviations and Acronyms Phonetic Symbols Contributors Preface Part 1: Introduction Chapter 1. Veronica G. Sardegna and Anna Jarosz: Introduction Chapter 2. Anna Jarosz: Key Aspects of Pronunciation Learning and Teaching Part 2: Theoretical Perspectives Chapter 3. Veronica G. Sardegna: The Effects of Learner and Instructional Variables on English Pronunciation Learning: What Teachers Need to Know Chapter 4. Marnie Reed: The Limitations of Imitation: Instilling Metalinguistic Awareness of the Discourse and Pragmatic Functions of English Intonation Chapter 5. Mirosław Pawlak: The Mediating Role of Individual Differences in Pronunciation Instruction: Extending the Research Agenda Chapter 6. Mara Haslam: English Pronunciation in a Context between ESL and EFL: The Swedish Case Part 3: Practical Perspectives and Research Findings Chapter 7. Veronica G. Sardegna and Wayne B. Dickerson: Improving the Pronunciation of English Polysyllabic Words Through Orthographic Word-Stress Rules Chapter 8. Magdalena Szyszka: Intelligibility and Situated Pronunciation Learning Strategies Chapter 9. Alice Henderson and Arkadiusz Rojczyk: Foreign Language Accent Imitation: Matching Production with Perception Chapter 10. Anastazija Kirkova-Naskova: Learners’ Views on the Usefulness of L2 Perceptual Training Chapter 11. Esther Gómez-Lacabex and Francisco Gallardo-del-Puerto: Pronunciation and Intelligibility in English-Medium Instruction (EMI): Lecturers’ Views and Skills Chapter 12. Anna Jarosz: Exploring how Teachers’ Pronunciation Beliefs Affect their Classroom Practices Chapter 13. Pekka Lintunen, Aleksi Mäkilähde and Pauliina Peltonen: L2 Pronunciation Feedback: Pre-Service Teachers’ Beliefs and Practices Part 4: Teacher Preparation Chapter 14. Tracey M. Derwing: Lessons Learned from Teaching Teachers to Teach Pronunciation Chapter 15. John M. Levis and Tim Kochem: Pronunciation Tutoring as Teacher Preparation Chapter 16. Rebecca Oreto: Teaching Pronunciation to International Teaching Assistants (ITAs) and Graduate Students Chapter 17. Małgorzata Baran-Łucarz: Teaching Pronunciation to Older Adult EFL Learners Part 5: Conclusion Chapter 18. Veronica G. Sardegna and Anna Jarosz: Pronunciation Teaching: Lessons Learned and Future Directions Index

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Book SynopsisA full list of adjectives that take comparison in Welsh. It includes some inflected forms which may not have seen the light of day before yet are still serviceable. It is aimed at advanced learners and Welsh speakers.

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Book SynopsisEmerging language (EL) is any unplanned language item that arises naturally during lessons that the teacher then chooses to focus on for clarification or modification, and this pedagogy is gaining traction year on year. It originally stemmed from Dogme, a popular movement that basically suggested not using coursebooks or set texts in class at all and working with what the students and the teacher themselves provide. Emergent language takes on board lessons learnt from using Dogme and current teaching practices. However, working with EL is considered a very difficult skill to master, especially for newer teachers or trainee teachers. Therefore, it is not often included on training courses or discussed at length in training manuals for teachers. Working with Emergent Language seeks to close this gap by making teachers more aware of what EL is and how they can learn to work with it more effectively and confidently. This book starts by drawing on the literature and the authors’ own experiences to make the case that working with EL is essential for language acquisition to occur and therefore a skill that language teachers should possess. The case is backed up by research and data from observations to explore how experienced teachers work with EL at different stages of a lesson and why they do so. To show how teachers work with EL, you will be introduced to a new framework of teacher intervention types. This draws on previous frameworks plus the authors’ own terms created following their extensive research. Transcripts and classroom commentaries from genuine lessons show how these interventions are used by teachers and why. Part two of Working with Emergent Language provides awareness-raising, practice, and reflective tasks to help new and experienced teachers develop their skills with EL. Teacher trainers and educators can also use these tasks during courses, workshops, and observations programmes in schools. Through these tasks, new teachers will be able to work with EL earlier in their careers. Teacher educators can also more confidently introduce EL on their courses. Through the tasks and discussion in this section, you will learn why reflective practice is central to teacher education and development, and through the use of tasks explained in the book, teachers can also take control of their development much earlier in their careers. The final part of the book addresses typical questions and issues about working with emergent language that teachers often ask. They dispel common conceptions suggesting that working with EL is difficult or inappropriate in some contexts and situations.Table of ContentsIntroduction Part 1: What is emergent language? Why work with emergent language? Creating the right conditions How to work with emergent language Exploring choices Part 2: Teacher development and emergent language Development tasks and commentaries Part 3: Working with emergent language in different teaching contexts Bibliography Acknowledgements

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Book SynopsisUseful to both students of Standard English in schools and colleges as well as learners of English as a foreign language. This book explains common mistakes in English and how to correct your use of the language. Useful to both students of Standard English in schools and colleges as well as learners of English as a foreign language. This book explains English in contemporary use.Table of ContentsHow vocabulary changes in English; Changes in grammar; split infinitives; punctuation; irregular nouns; common problems in English and how to surmount them; verbs; sexism in English and how to avoid it; homophones; words that sound the same but are different.

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Book SynopsisJapanese difficult? Study boring? No way! Not with this "real manga, real Japanese" approach to learning. Presenting all spoken Japanese as a variation of three basic sentence types, Japanese the Manga Way shows how to build complex constructions step by step. Every grammar point is illustrated by an actual manga published in Japan to show how the language is used in real life, an approach that is entertaining and memorable. As an introduction, as a jump-start for struggling students, or (with its index) as a reference and review for veterans, Japanese the Manga Way is perfect for all learners at all levels. Wayne P. Lammers has taught Japanese at the college level and is an award-winning literary and commercial translator. He lives in Portland, Oregon.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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Book Synopsis

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Book Synopsis

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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Book Synopsis

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Book Synopsis

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Book Synopsis

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