Internet: general works Books

Book SynopsisBroadband -- whether delivered via fiber, cable modem, mobile or fixed wireless, copper wire, or satellite -- is increasingly the technology underlying telecommunications services such as voice, video, and data. Chapter 1 focuses on the gaps specifically related to broadband availability and adoption. How broadband is defined and characterized in statute and in regulation can have a significant impact on federal broadband policies and how federal resources are allocated to promote broadband deployment in unserved and underserved areas as discussed in chapter 2. The move to place restrictions on the owners of the networks that comprise and provide access to the internet, to ensure equal access and nondiscriminatory treatment, is referred to as "net neutrality." While there is no single accepted definition of net neutrality most agree that any such definition should include the general principles that owners of the networks that comprise and provide access to the internet should not control how consumers lawfully use that network; and should not be able to discriminate against content provider access to that network as reported in chapters 3 and 4. The "digital divide" is a term that has been used to characterize a gap between "information haves and have-nots," or in other words, between those Americans who use or have access to telecommunications and information technologies and those who do not. Chapter 5 focuses on the one important subset of the digital divide debate which concerns high-speed internet access and advanced telecommunications services, also known as broadband. While there are many examples of rural communities with state-of-the-art telecommunications facilities, recent surveys and studies have indicated that, in general, rural areas tend to lag behind urban and suburban areas in broadband deployment. The Rural Utilities Service (RUS) at the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) houses three ongoing assistance programs exclusively created and dedicated to financing broadband deployment: the Rural Broadband Access Loan and Loan Guarantee Program, the Community Connect Grant Program, and the ReConnect Program. Chapter 6 discusses each of these programs. Tribal lands are generally in remote and rugged areas and broadband access can help residents develop online businesses, access telemedicine services, and use online educational tools. However, residents of tribal lands have lower levels of broadband access than residents of non-tribal lands. Chapters 7 through 11 report on the status of broadband on tribal lands.Table of ContentsPrefaceBroadband Deployment: Status and Federal ProgramsDefining Broadband: Minimum Threshold Speeds and Broadband PolicyAccess to Broadband Networks: Net NeutralityThe Net Neutrality Debate: Access to Broadband NetworksBroadband Internet Access and the Digital Divide: Federal Assistance ProgramsBroadband Loan and Grant Programs in the USDAs Rural Utilities ServiceBroadband Internet: FCCs Data Overstate Access on Tribal LandsTribal Broadband: Few Partnerships Exist and the Rural Utilities Service Needs to Identify and Address Any Funding Barriers Tribes FaceTribal Broadband: FCCs Data Overstate Access, and Tribes Face Barriers Accessing FundingTribal Broadband: FCC Should Undertake Efforts to Better Promote Tribal Access to SpectrumTribal Broadband: Status of Deployment and Federal Funding ProgramsIndex.

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Book SynopsisThe challenges to humanity posed by the digital future, the first detailed examination of the unprecedented form of power called 'surveillance capitalism,' and the quest by powerful corporations to predict and control our behavior. The heady optimism of the Internet’s early days has turned dark. Surveillance capitalism has deepened inequality, sown societal chaos, and undermined democracy.   The fight for a human future has never been more urgent. Shoshana Zuboff argues that we still have the power to decide what kind of world we want to live in: Will we allow surveillance capitalism to wrap us in its iron cage as it enriches the few and subjugates the many? Or will we demand the rights and laws that place this rogue power under the democratic rule of law? Only democracy can ensure that the vast new capabilities of the digital era are harnessed to the advancement of humanity. The Age of Surveillance Capitalism is a deeply original, exquisitely reasoned, and spell binding examination of our emerging information civilization and the life and death choices we face.

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Book SynopsisWritten by business developers for business developers, this book focuses on HTML for business applications. Using this guide, professional business programmers like you—even those with little or no HTML experience—will quickly acquire the knowledge and skills needed to develop and deploy robust, data-driven, Web-based interfaces for their business applications.HTML for the Business Developer isn’t just another ""HTML 101"" book for the masses. It zeros in on those aspects of HTML that pertain specifically to the business environment and covers a wide range of technologies beyond simple HTML to show complete deployment of business applications using an HTML interface. It also explores the most common tools any business programmer needs to develop browser-based applications with enterprise data, such as JavaServer Pages, PHP, ASP.NET, CGI, and JavaScript.Business developers shouldn’t have to sift through every last detail of HTML minutiae. Nor must they become an expert in every Web language ""out there."" HTML for the Business Developer is the business developer’s guide to the essence of these technologies. Led by these two knowledgable and experienced authors, you will be able to develop and implement a complete browser-based business application in no time at all.With HTML for the Business Developer, you will:* Learn the HTML necessary to deploy robust, data-driven, Web-based business applications* Discover how other technologies interact with HTML to present enterprise data* Enlarge your skill set with not only HTML, but also JavaServer Pages, PHP, ASP.NET, CGI, and JavaScript* Understand all of the components required to develop and deploy business Web applications

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Book SynopsisIt is 1777, in a colonial America where the internet, social media, and ubiquitous electronic communications are fully woven into the fabric of society. Hours after a top-secret Congressional sub-committee uploads the Articles of Confederation, a mysterious internet plague breaks loose in the cloud, killing any user who accesses a networked device. Seven in ten Americans are dead, the internet is abandoned. Seizing the moment, the British take control of New York and Philadelphia, scattering what little remains of the rebellion. Just when all seems lost, George Washington reappears from off-the-grid to pin the British army at Yorktown. Independence is won, but with the countryside in ruins and internet commerce impossible, the former colonies teeter on the brink of collapse. Meeting in secret, a faction of the Founding Fathers code a new error-proof operating system designed to stabilize the cloud and ensure everlasting American prosperity. Not everyone is happy with the new format. Believing the draconian regulations of the new OS a betrayal of the hard-fought revolution, Thomas Jefferson organizes a feisty, small-government opposition to fight the overreach of Washington's Federalist administration. Their most valuable weapon is Doctor Benjamin Franklin's Dream America, a new open-source social networking portal which will revolutionize representative government, return power to the people, and make Congress and the Presidency irrelevant . . .Trade ReviewPraise for Doctor Benjamin Franklin’s Dream America “Perhaps the best recommendation anyone can make for the book is this: in the tradition of the best science fiction writing, Ober’s work forces the reader to think. . . . It also begs the audience to dwell upon the future course of an experiment in democracy of which they are very much a part—if they choose.”—Jim Higgins, American Book Review “Damien Ober gives us a new kind of fictional history here, one that is as fanciful and exuberant as a Garcia-Marquez novel.”—T.C. Boyle, author of The Harder They Come and Road to Wellville “Not sure if I read a book or had a manic episode while watching the History Channel, but either way, it was incredible and I feel absolutely amazing.”—Ben Loory, author of Stories for Nighttime and Some for the Day “Doctor Benjamin Franklin's Dream America is as original as they come—an audacious, exuberantly imaginative novel about freedom and technology and the sacrifices each take from the other. Damien Ober is a writer to be reckoned with.”—Scott O’Connor, author of Half World and Untouchable “American writers working on such a grand canvas are as scarce as hen's teeth. For sheer mischief, erudition and inventiveness Doctor Benjamin Franklin's Dream America sits quite comfortably on the shelf alongside David Foster Wallace, William Vollmann, Thomas Pynchon, the Barthelme brothers . . . all the terrible children of Swift and Stearne. It makes me laugh. It makes me sympathetic to people I despise, even though I still despise them. While many of the characters would cry sedition, I like to think Dr. Franklin is somewhere having a chuckle.”—Robert Olmstead, author of Coal Black Hors e “Doctor Benjamin Franklin's Dream America is a new kind of literary SF. It takes aspects of two historical moments, centuries apart, and overlays them, energizing history and making us question our notions of what America is. Add to that aliens, sea monsters, and we have a quirky, funny, but ultimately sobering nightmare.”—Brian Evenson, author of the Dead Space series “Ober's mix of heady ideas and gorgeous prose make this a uniquely compelling debut. Doctor Benjamin Franklin's Dream America is nothing less than an alternate history of the birth of the United States that hints at our coming demise.”—Jim Ruland, author of Forest of Fortune “Strangely moving and hugely compelling. . . . Doctor Benjamin Franklin’s Dream America shattered my thinking as to what a novel can be and do.”—Jim Ruland, author of Forest of Fortune “A brilliant, wackadoo novel about our founding fathers and the internet, with some aliens and witches and a vampiric sea monster thrown in for good measure. Ambitious, strange, death-stamped, and hilarious—-this is the kind of book that makes you realize how rare it is to read something entirely new and unique.”—Stephanie Cha, author of Dead Soon Enough “Ober has mapped the modern superstitious US onto the nation’s beginnings complete with vituperative two-party system controlled by plutocrats (now corporations), history replaced by acceptable mythos (sometimes dependent on choice of party), and with modern communications systems providing impossible forms of social networking in which people live without having to experience reality first hand.”—Jim Chaffee, The Drill Press “Doctor Benjamin Franklin’s Dream America is no political tract or history lesson or moralist dystopia or media analysis; or, rather, it is all of these and more – it is fiction writing at its best. And what remains after the excitement of the storyline and the provocation of the thinking have subsided, is the simple poignancy of the fifty-six death-scenes, all the more moving for their simplicity and matter-of-factness.”—David Vichnar, Equus Press

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Book SynopsisThis book examines the current aspects of the internet which affect society, as well as the projected effect the internet will have in the future. Topics discussed include using social networking sites to look at the future; personal information agency and reseller adherence to key privacy principles; laws regarding personal information, including social security numbers, being used by internet resellers; e-governance in the Pacific Islanders and the use of web 2.0 tools to support collaborative learning.

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Book SynopsisThis book is part of a series exploring the dynamic universe of the Internet in the 21st century. Collected here are papers discussing a wide range of topics and issues impacting and relating to the Internet, such as the proliferation of online support groups for HIV/AIDs patients; dissociation in the virtual world; the Internet and entrepreneurship in Poland; Internet domain name problems; designing effective Internet policies; virtual learning and classroom sites and the role of the Internet in citizen science.

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Book SynopsisOur world today relies to an astonishing degree on systems, tools and services that belong to a vast and still growing domain known as Networking and Information Technology (NIT). The United States has a proud history of achievement and leadership in NIT and NIT underpins our national prosperity, health and security. In recent decades, NIT has boosted U.S. labour productivity more than any other set of forces. This book examines the need for the U.S. to continue to innovate more rapidly and more creatively in order to sustain and improve our quality of life. Only by continuing to invest in core NIT science and technology will we continue to reap such enormous societal benefits in the decades to come.

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DESCRIPTION Apache Camel is a Java library that lets users implement the standard enterprise integration patterns in a few lines of code. Camel in Action, Second Edition is the most complete Camel book on the market. It starts with core concepts like sending, receiving, routing, and transforming data and then shows readers the entire lifecycle. The book goes in depth on how to test, deal with errors, scale, deploy, and monitor apps and even how to build custom tooling. Written by core developers of Camel and the authors of the first edition, this book distills their experience and practical insights so that readers can tackle integration tasks like a pro. RETAIL SELLING POINTS • Uses the most up to date version of Camel. • New chapters on security, clustering, cloud integration, Docker, and Kubernetes. • Valuable examples in Java and XML. • Written by core developers of Camel. • Practical, insightful and comprehensive. AUDIENCE Readers should have basic Java skills. ABOUT THE TECHNOLOGY Camel is an integration framework that aims to make user’s integration projects productive and fun. One of the fundamental principles of Camel is that it makes no assumptions about the type of data you need to process. Camel’s focus is on simplifying integration.

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Book SynopsisSpring Boot and Spring Cloud offer Java developers an easy migration path from traditional monolithic Spring applications to microservice-based applications that can be deployed to multiple cloud platforms. Spring Microservices in Action teaches readers how to use the Spring Boot and Spring Cloud frameworks to build and deploy microservice-based cloud applications. By the end of this book, readers will not only be able to build their own microservice-based applications, but will know how to operationalize and scale their microservices so they can deployed to a private or public cloud. Key Features: · Good introduction to the microservice pattern · Hands-on examples · Real-world examples · Teaches how to build microservices with Spring Boot and Spring Cloud This book is for developers with some Java and Spring experience. Knowledge of building web-based services with SOAP or REST is helpful but not required. About the Technology: The Spring Boot and Spring Cloud frameworks let developers quickly build microservices that are ready to be deployed to a private corporate cloud or a public cloud like Amazon Web Services (AWS) or Pivotal’s CloudFoundry.

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Book SynopsisDescription AWS gives users the networking, compute, and security services they need without making them pay for anything they’re not actually using. With almost a hundred individual AWS services, putting all the pieces together is not a simple thing. That's where this book can help. Learn Amazon Web Services in a Month of Lunches guides readers through the process of building a robust and secure web application using the core AWS services they really need to know. When they’re done, readers will be comfortable with the basics, and know exactly where to look when they’re ready for more. Key features • Bite-sized lessons • Step-by-step guide • Thorough introduction • Hands-on examples Audience This book is for developers, system administrators, or anyone looking for an introduction to using AWS cloud. A basic understanding of TCP/IP networking is helpful, but not required. About the Technology Amazon Web Services is, by all metrics, the giant of the cloud computing world. Not only does it dominate in terms of user adoption and market share, but its innovative and highly integrated services have defined the way networked digital services are delivered.

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Book SynopsisThe Internet is an extraordinary platform for innovation, economic growth, and social communication. High-speed Internet services delivered over broadband networks are critical to maintaining the United States'' competitiveness in a global economy. A strong correlation exists between broadband and indices of economic growth, such as GDP, employment, and property values. The Administration recognises the importance of broadband to improve health care, enhance education, and provide essential job training and employment assistance for Americans seeking work. This book examines the digital nation of computer and internet use at home with a focus on the disparities in broadband Internet adoption that exist between demographic and geographic groups.

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Book SynopsisCurrently, an important aspect of the Internet is governed by a private sector, international organisation called the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICAN), which manages and oversees some of the critical technical underpinnings of the Internet such as the domain name system and Internet Protocol (IP) addressing. ICANN makes its policy decisions using a multistakeholder model of governance, whereby a "bottom-up" collaborative process is open to all constituencies of Internet stakeholders. This book examines the issues of internet governance and domain name system protocol, with a focus on how other aspects of the Internet may be governed in the future, especially in such areas as intellectual property, privacy, law enforcement, Internet free speech, and cybersecurity. Looking forward, the institutional nature of Internet governance could have far reaching implications on important policy decisions that will likely shape the future evolution of the Internet.

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Book SynopsisToday, the Internet is at a crossroads. Protecting security of consumers, businesses and the Internet infrastructure has never been more difficult. Cyber attacks on Internet commerce, vital business sectors and government agencies have grown exponentially. In the first quarter of this year, security experts were seeing almost 67,000 new malware threats on the Internet every day. This means more than 45 new viruses, worms, spy-ware and other threats were being created every minute. As these threats grow, security policy, technology and procedures need to evolve even faster to stay ahead of the threats. This book explores a new framework for addressing internet security issues for companies outside the orbit of critical infrastructure or key resources. While securing energy, financial, health and other resources remain vital, the future of innovation and the economy will depend on the success of Internet companies, and ensuring that these companies are trusted and secure is essential.

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Book SynopsisThis carefully researched book covers exciting trends in the dynamic technologies and business sectors of the Internet of Things (IoT) and Machine-to-Machine Communications (M2M). Many industries have put IoT and networked M2M sensors or nodes to work and continue to invest very heavily in advanced research and development (R&D). Today, IoT has synergies with many highly advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence, agtech, transportation equipment, industrial equipment, controls, automation, wireless networks and predictive analytics. This book includes complete details on the innovative, disruptive technologies based on IoT and M2M, plus our analysis of the practical applications of IoT that will lead to exciting new products and services over the mid-term. This reference tool includes statistical tables and thorough market discussions, as well as our highly respected trends analysis. It contains thousands of contacts for business and industry leaders, industry associations, Internet sites and other resources. The corporate section includes our proprietary, in-depth profiles of over 300 leading companies in all facets of IoT, both public and private, U.S. and international. Here you'll find complete profiles of companies that are making news today--the largest, most successful corporations in the IoT business and related sectors. You'll find a complete overview, industry analysis and market research report in one superb, value-priced package.

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Book SynopsisResearchers and policymakers recognise that availability and use of high-speed Internet services -- a range of connection technologies collectively known as broadband -- are essential to economic growth. The United States has made considerable progress towards ubiquitous broadband access, with more than 93 percent of the population living in areas offering wired broadband service, and about 98 percent having access to either wired or terrestrial wireless connectivity at speeds of at least 3 Mbps download and 768 Kbps upload. The Internet has rapidly grown from an academic network into a resource that is now integral to the lives of most Americans. In 2000, only 4 percent of homes used broadband Internet service. By 2011, 69 percent were online at speeds greater than dial-up. By connecting every corner of our country to the digital age, we can help our businesses become more competitive, our students become more informed and our citizens become more engaged. Additionally, our nation''s technology industry leads the way in revolutionising the nature of Internet use through mobile devices. Smartphones -- driven by American-made operating systems and applications -- now lead the mobile market. Over one billion smartphone users world-wide carry the global network in their pockets, including the 46 percent of Americans currently using these devices -- now surpassing the 41 percent who use traditional mobile phones. Mobile broadband is vital to our future. This book examines online activities, broadband adoption, and reasons some do not go online at home which provide key factual underpinnings for the development of sound policies for increasing broadband adoption in the United States.

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Book SynopsisWe are living in the midst of a social, economic, and technological revolution. How we communicate, socialize, spend leisure time, and conduct business has moved onto the Internet. The Internet has in turn moved into our phones, into devices spreading around our homes and cities, and into the factories that power the industrial economy. The resulting explosion of data and discovery is changing our world. Most definitions of big data reflect the growing technological ability to capture, aggregate, and process an ever-greater volume, velocity, and variety of data. Big data will transform the way we live and work and alter the relationships between government, citizens, businesses, and consumers. This book focuses on how the public and private sectors can maximize the benefits of big data while minimizing its risks. It also identifies opportunities for big data to grow our economy, improve health and education, and make our nation safer and more energy efficient. The book continues by exploring the changing nature of privacy as computing technology has advanced and big data has come to the forefront; identifying the sources of these data, the utility of these data; the privacy challenges big data poses in a world where technologies for re-identification often outpace privacy-preserving de-identification capabilities; and where it is increasingly hard to identify privacy-sensitive information at the time of its collection.

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Book SynopsisConstruct, analyze, and visualize networks with networkx, a Python language module. Network analysis is a powerful tool you can apply to a multitude of datasets and situations. Discover how to work with all kinds of networks, including social, product, temporal, spatial, and semantic networks. Convert almost any real-world data into a complex network--such as recommendations on co-using cosmetic products, muddy hedge fund connections, and online friendships. Analyze and visualize the network, and make business decisions based on your analysis. If you're a curious Python programmer, a data scientist, or a CNA specialist interested in mechanizing mundane tasks, you'll increase your productivity exponentially. Complex network analysis used to be done by hand or with non-programmable network analysis tools, but not anymore! You can now automate and program these tasks in Python. Complex networks are collections of connected items, words, concepts, or people. By exploring their structure and individual elements, we can learn about their meaning, evolution, and resilience. Starting with simple networks, convert real-life and synthetic network graphs into networkx data structures. Look at more sophisticated networks and learn more powerful machinery to handle centrality calculation, blockmodeling, and clique and community detection. Get familiar with presentation-quality network visualization tools, both programmable and interactive--such as Gephi, a CNA explorer. Adapt the patterns from the case studies to your problems. Explore big networks with NetworKit, a high-performance networkx substitute. Each part in the book gives you an overview of a class of networks, includes a practical study of networkx functions and techniques, and concludes with case studies from various fields, including social networking, anthropology, marketing, and sports analytics. Combine your CNA and Python programming skills to become a better network analyst, a more accomplished data scientist, and a more versatile programmer. What You Need: You will need a Python 3.x installation with the following additional modules: Pandas (>=0.18), NumPy (>=1.10), matplotlib (>=1.5), networkx (>=1.11), python-louvain (>=0.5), NetworKit (>=3.6), and generalizesimilarity. We recommend using the Anaconda distribution that comes with all these modules, except for python-louvain, NetworKit, and generalizedsimilarity, and works on all major modern operating systems.

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Book SynopsisLearn to make your own custom lenses for Snapchat! With the introduction of Lens Studio, anyone can build and publish high quality augmented reality experiences on the Snapchat app. Phil Walton—Official Snapchat Lens Creator and creator of the viral Potato Lens—offers a simple, innovative guide to: Get started with the Lens Studio interface and features Publish your effects and generate more views and exposure Create five different AR experiences with step-by-step instructions Creator's Guide to Snap Inc.'s Lens Studio also provides project files and digital assets to download and follow along as you read. Whether you are a beginner creator, or an experienced user seeking inside information to take your AR skills to the next level, explore the range of possibilities for creating and sharing your own AR experiences with Creator's Guide to Snap Inc.'s Lens Studio.

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Book SynopsisLanguage and the Internet gives the readers a linguistic perspective and explains them the role of internet in the changing world. The book throws light on the multilingualism of the internet and talks about the various languages the corresponding themes for in the 21st century. Also discussed in the book is the language that is employed on the web, the language that is used in the virtual world and the one that e-mails are composed in. The readers are also informed about the use of blogs for the understanding of the readers, the various challenges in the internet language and the solutions to them and the linguistic future of internet.

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Book SynopsisThe Internet of Things has revolutionized many industries and sectors by connecting devices to the Internet with the use of smart sensors and actuators, resulting in many advantages to businesses and organizations, such as better information and resource sharing, better supply chain efficiency, resulting in better overall efficiency and cost savings.This new book investigates the potential for initiating data-enabled and IoT-intensive applications to provide control and optimization of industrial operations and services. It presents an informative selection of quantitative research, case studies, conceptual chapters, model articles and theoretical papers on many important technological advances, applications, and challenges in the current status of IoT. The book features examples of IoT applications in such areas as food processing, automotive engineering, mental health, health tracking, security, and more. It discusses applying IoT in reverse logistics processes, developments in the Internet of Vehicles, the use of smart antennas, and machine learning in IoT. One chapter discusses a ground-breaking new device that uses IoT to convert audio recordings to Braille. Also discussed is the growing use of IoT in biometric technology (the use of technology to identify a person based on some aspect of their biology, such as fingerprint and eye unique pattern recognition).The enlightening information shared here offers state-of-the-art IoT solutions to many of today’s challenges of improving efficiency and bringing important information to the surface more quickly than systems depending on human intervention. The volume will be of value for computer science engineers and researchers, instructors and students in the field, and professionals that are interested in exploring the areas of next-generations IoT.Table of Contents1. Compelling Forces and Challenges for the Food Processing Industry to Adopt Industry 4.0 2. Sensing Mental Health: A New Mileage to Mental Health Research 3. How IoT (Internet of Things) Is Poised to Jump-Start the Next Revolution 4. Implementation of Industrial Internet of Things (IIot) Is the Tool of Digital Transformation Technology 5. Opportunities of the Internet of Things in Automotives 6. IoT Security 7. Leveraging IIot in Reverse Logistics: A WSN Approach 8. A Pervasive Study on the Internet of Vehicles (IoVs) 9. The Future Security Solution to Internet of Things: Biometric Technology 10. Transforming Industries Using IoT 11. Audio-to-Braille Conversion Device (A.B.C.D): an IoT Application 12. Internet of Things: Applied Science and Technologies 13. Health Tracking System Using the Internet of Things 14. Smart Antennas in IoT-Based Systems 15. Necessity of Time Synchronization for IoT-Based Applications 16. A Review of Applications of Machine Learning in IoT: Challenges and Future Prospects 17. A Detailed Review of IoT with Various Applications Using Recent Research Directions

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Book SynopsisThis timely book presents a wide range of quantitative methods, including complex network analysis and econometric modelling, to illustrate how the Internet both follows, and at the same time challenges, more traditional geographies.Emmanouil Tranos explores the spatiality of the Internet, its physical infrastructure, and the geographic and socio-economic factors that shape its spatial distribution. He shows that although the Internet is a technical system with strong topological attributes, an almost 'hidden' spatial dimension also exists. The scattering of Internet Backbone Networks across European city-regions is compared with the aviation network in order to better understand the topology of the digital infrastructure. Finally, a causality analysis demonstrates the significant positive effect of the Internet infrastructure in the economic development of regions characterized by high absorptive capacity.This book will prove a highly fascinating read for those with an interest in Internet geographies, ICTs, regional development and infrastructure, digital economy, network analysis, and regional science. Practitioners working on local and regional development, as well as those focusing on ICTs, digital economy and smart cities, will also find this book to be an invaluable reference tool.Contents: Preface 1. Introduction 2. The Fundamentals of the Internet Infrastructure: A Cross-discipline Review 3. Methodology and Research Framework 4. The Network Nature of the Internet Infrastructure 5. Internet Backbone and Aviation Networks: A Comparative Study 6. An Explanatory Analysis of the (Unequal) Distribution of the Internet Backbone Networks 7. Internet Infrastructure and Regional Economic Development: A Causality Analysis 8. Conclusions References IndexTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction 2. The Fundamentals of the Internet Infrastructure: A Cross-discipline Review 3. Methodology and Research Framework 4. The Network Nature of the Internet Infrastructure 5. Internet Backbone and Aviation Networks: A Comparative Study 6. An Explanatory Analysis of the (Unequal) Distribution of the Internet Backbone Networks 7. Internet Infrastructure and Regional Economic Development: A Causality Analysis 8. Conclusions References Index

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Book SynopsisFor many children and teens daily Internet use is the norm - but where should we draw the line when it comes to digital media usage? This handy book lays out the essential information needed to understand and prevent excessive Internet use that negatively impacts behaviour, education, family life, and even physical health.Martin L. Kutscher, MD analyses neurological, psychological and educational research and draws on his own experience to show when Internet use stops being a good thing and starts to become excessive. He shows how to spot digital addictions, and offers whole family approaches for limiting the harmful effects of too much screen time, such as helping kids to learn to control their own Internet use. He tackles diverse questions ranging from the effects of laptops in the classroom and reading on a digital screen, to whether violent videogames lead to aggression. The author also explains how ADHD and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) can make you more susceptible to Internet addiction, suggesting practical strategies to suit these specific needs. Discussing both the good and bad aspects of the internet, this book tells you everything you need to know to help children and young people use the internet in a healthy, balanced way.Trade ReviewImagine you're at an Ivy League school with one of their best professors. The lecturer is crisp, to the point and complete. This is what Dr Martin Kutscher has done with Digital Kids. In a crisp, easy way he teaches us the ins and outs of cyberspace, but more importantly, we learn how to raise well-adjusted kids in the Digital Age. Digital Kids is a true contribution and a must for both professionals and parents. -- Mark Banschick, MD, psychiatrist, child advocate, author and contributor at Psychology TodayBy emphasizing social transactions and the social rules of digital society, as well as the safe use of digital media, this book will help to create boundaries and strengthen understanding of the digital world, without frightening the reader about the use and culture of social media and the internet in general. I strongly recommend this book for parents to encourage them to get involved with what their 'digital kids' are doing online. -- Ioannis Voskopoulos, PsychologistToday's children quickly gravitate to - and master - electronic devices. This leaves their parents both proud and fearful. What is the impact on social skills and brain development? The antidote to fear is knowledge, explains veteran pediatric neurologist Martin Kutscher. In this engagingly written book, he gently walks you through the issues and the ways you can create healthy balance in your child's life. -- Gina Pera, Adult ADHD expert, author of Is It You, Me, or Adult A.D.D.?Eye-opening research that validates parents' concerns regarding the relationship their kids have with digital technology can be found in Digital Kids. Dr Kutscher's easy to understand explanations of many topics such as multi-tasking vs multi-switching, the effects of technology on reading comprehension, and the difficulty of switching from playing video games to starting homework, makes Digital Kids a great resource for parents and educators! -- Marcella Moran, MA, LMHC, The Kid Organizer, thekidorganizer.comA comprehensive, scientifically backed, yet down to earth guide for parents trying to understand this confusing digital world and how it impacts their children, especially the more vulnerable. The honest straightforward talk on parents' responsibilities for their child's internet use and how to meet them is invaluable. -- Heidi Bernhardt, President and Executive Director, Centre for ADHD Awareness, CanadaTable of Contents1. Introduction. Part One: Problems with the Use of Digital Technology. 2. Psychological/learning effects of Internet use. 3. How does our attention system work? 4. "But mom, I can pay attention to more than one thing at a time!" The myth of "multi-tasking". 5. Screens interfere with developing voluntary attention. 6. Areas where digital learning does excel. 7. Summary of digital vs. print effects on learning. 8. Other psychological effects of the Internet. 9. Neurological effects of Internet abuse. 10. Physical effects of digital media use. Part Two: Problems with the Content of the Digital Technology. 11. Social Media. 12. Does pornography and other media exposure affect sexuality. 13. Does media exposure increase the risk of violent behavior? 14. Do violent videogames lead to violent behavior? 15. Does media effect substance use? 16. Resultant AAP (2013) recommendations regarding digital media. Part Three: Problems Regarding Specific Populations. 17. Very young children and screen time. 18. Children with ADHD and screen time. 19. Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and screen time. Part Four: The Parental Role. 20. What kind of role model am I for my child? 21. How do I set limits for my child? Part Five: Setting Up the Rules: The Family Meeting and Agreement. 22. The family meeting. 23. The agreement. Part Six: Internet Addiction: The Far End of Internet Problems. 24. Internet problems cover a whole range of severity. 25. What is an addiction? 26. How does someone get addicted? 27. How common is Internet addiction? 28. Why is digital media so addicting? 29. What are particularly addicting Internet activities? 30. What personal traits are associated with Internet addiction? 31. How do we treat Internet addiction? Part Seven: Summary. 32. The recent explosion of digital technology and services. 33. The extent of screen time usage. 34. The parents' dilemma and role in setting limits. 35. Problems with the use of the Internet. 36. Problems with the content of the Internet. 37. Problems regarding specific populations. 38. The parental role. 39. Setting up the rules: the family meeting and agreement. 40. Internet addiction: The far end of Internet problems. References. Resources. About the authors.

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Book Synopsis‘Witty, rigorous, and as urgent as a fire alarm’ Dorian Lynskey ‘Cooly prosecutorial’ Guardian Nobody meant for this to happen. Facebook didn’t mean to facilitate a genocide. Twitter didn’t want to be used to harass women. YouTube never planned to radicalise young men. But with billions of users, these platforms need only tweak their algorithms to generate more ‘engagement’. In so doing, they bring unrest to previously settled communities and erode our relationships. Social warming has happened gradually – as a by-product of our preposterously convenient digital existence. But the gradual deterioration of our attitudes and behaviour on- and offline – this vicious cycle of anger and outrage – is real. And it can be corrected. Here’s how.Trade Review‘Social media was meant to bring us closer together. Instead, it tore us apart. Charles Arthur has written the definitive account of how arrogance and greed got us into this mess, and how we might get out of it. Witty, rigorous, and as urgent as a fire alarm.’ -- Dorian Lynskey‘A guide to how the apps we use every day are hacking our politics, our society, and even who we are. It reads like science fiction, except he’s describing our world – right now.’ -- Ian Dunt‘Coolly prosecutorial’ * Guardian *‘A compelling account of how a handful of social media platforms came to dominate society and how to minimise the damage they cause, because “We can’t uninvent them”.’ * Mirror *‘The rapidity with which social media has come to dominate communications in this country – in less than two decades – has been breathtaking… Arthur helps bring the whole complex issue into greater focus here. He looks at the origins of social media, describing its early promise, and then follows the dangerous paths the phenomenon has been taking in recent years.’ -- Booklist‘Fascinating… As “connected” as we may feel on social media, Social Warming thoroughly shows how detached we’ve all become not just online but in real life too.’ * Porchlight *

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Book SynopsisDigital information and communication technologies can be seen as a threat to privacy, a step forward for freedom of expression and communication, a tool in the fight against terrorism or the source of a new economic wealth. Computerization has unexpectedly progressed beyond our imagination, from a tool of management and control into one of widespread communication and expression. This book revisits the major questions that have emerged with the progress of computerization over nearly half a century, by describing the context in which these issues were formulated. By taking a social and digital approach, the author explores controversial issues surrounding the development of this "digital revolution", including freedom and privacy of the individual, social control, surveillance, public security and the economic exploitation of personal data. From students, teachers and researchers engaged in data analysis, to institutional decision-makers and actors in policy or business, all members of today's digital society will take from this book a better understanding of the essential issues of the current "digital revolution".Table of ContentsIntroduction ix Chapter 1. Technological Surveillance Subjected to Restrictions 1 Chapter 2. Security Over Liberty 21 Chapter 3. A Network Promoting Participation and Exchange 41 Chapter 4. Privitization and Economic Exploitation of Personal Data 65 Chapter 5. Digitalization and Revolution 87 Bibliography 107 Index 117

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Book SynopsisInstead of outsourcing tasks to providers using labor-intensive countries, libraries around the world increasingly appeal to the crowds of Internet users, making their relationship with users more collaborative . These internet users can be volunteers or paid, work consciously, unconsciously or in the form of games. They can provide the workforce, skills, knowledge or financial resources that libraries need in order to achieve unimaginable goals. Table of ContentsPreface ix Introduction xiii Chapter 1 A Conceptual Introduction to the Concept of Crowdsourcing in Libraries: A New Paradigm? 1 1.1 A rapidly growing economic model 1 1.1.1 What made this new economic model possible 1 1.1.2 Application to digital libraries 5 1.1.3. Growing interest from politicians, Internet users and academics 7 1.2 Origin, definition and scope of crowdsourcing 10 1.2.1 Explicit crowdsourcing: using volunteers 16 1.2.2. Implicit crowdsourcing: using involuntary and unconscious work .. 16 1.2.3 Gamification: using players 16 1.2.4 Paid crowdsourcing: using microemployees 16 1.2.5 Crowdfunding: institutional “begging” 17 1.3 Historical chronology of crowdsourcing 17 1.4 Philosophical and political controversies 21 1.5 Economic, sociological and legal consequences 33 1.5.1 Economy of crowdsourcing 33 1.5.2 The users of crowdsourcing 39 1.6 Managerial, library science and technological consequences 41 1.6.1 The cultural factor 41 1.6.2 The corporatist factor 41 1.6.3 The reign of the amateur: toward mediocracy? 44 1.6.4 Crowdsourcing: the highest stage of outsourcing? 45 Chapter 2 Overview of Several Crowdsourcing Projects Applied to the Digitization of Libraries 49 2.1 Putting content online and participative curation: the Oxford’s Great War Archive and Europeana 1914–1918 49 2.2 Digitization on demand in the form of crowdfunding applied to digital libraries: the European eBooks on Demand network 50 2.3 Printing on demand (POD): the Espresso Book Machine 63 2.4 Participative OCR correction and participative transcription of manuscripts 70 2.4.1 Explicit crowdsourcing: volunteer correction/transcription 73 2.4.2 Gamification, OCR correction through play: Digitalkoot (National Library of Finland) 83 2.4.3 Implicit crowdsourcing: involuntary OCR correction via reCAPTCHA in the service of Google Books 86 2.4.4 Paid crowdsourcing: the Amazon Mechanical Turk market place 92 2.5 Folksonomy, cataloguing and participative indexing 108 2.5.1 Explicit crowdsourcing through volunteer tagging: Flickr: the Commons 108 2.5.2 The use of gamification: Art Collector 109 Chapter 3 Overview and Keys to Success 117 3.1 Typologies and taxonomies of projects 117 3.1.1 Explicit crowdsourcing 128 3.1.2 Implicit crowdsourcing 128 3.1.3 Gamification 129 3.2 Communication and marketing for recruiting volunteers 136 3.3 The question of motivations 139 3.3.1 Intrinsic motivations 142 3.3.2 Extrinsic motivations 144 3.3.3 The opposition between intrinsic and extrinsic motivations 145 3.3.4 The specific motivation of gamification projects 146 3.3.5 Crowdsourcing and rewards 147 3.3.6 Other theories on motivation 149 3.3.7 The motivations of cultural institutions and the prerequi-sites for launching a crowdsourcing project 151 3.4 Sociology of the contributors and community management 154 3.4.1 Sociology of contributors 154 3.4.2 Crowdsourcing or community sourcing? 156 3.4.3 The work of professionals on these projects and community management 157 3.5 The question of the quality of the contributions 161 3.5.1 Systems for evaluating and moderation of contributions 162 3.5.2 Comparison between the quality of the data produced by amateurs and that produced by professionals 166 3.5.3 Reintegration of the data produced 168 3.5.4 The legal status of contributions: crowdsourcing and the semantic web 169 3.6 The evaluation of crowdsourcing projects 170 3.6.1 Factors in success and failure 172 3.6.2 Quantitative evaluation of crowdsourcing projects and their costs 174 3.7 Change management 178 Conclusion 183 Bibliography 185 Index 203

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Book SynopsisThis collaborative research project allows for fundamental advances not only in the understanding of the phenomena but also in the development of practical calculation methods that can be used by engineers. This collaborative research project allows for fundamental advances not only in the understanding of the phenomena but also in the development of practical calculation methods that can be used by engineers.Table of ContentsPreface ix Introduction xiii Part 1. New Frontiers And Governance of Digital Space 1 Chapter 1. Fragmentation and Compartmentalization of Virtual Space 3 1.1 The nymph Carna and Internet census 3 1.2 Dimensions of cyberspace 5 1.3 Deep web, darknet and dark web 8 Chapter 2. A Society Of Control And Panopticism 13 2.1 Horizontal panopticism and cyber-narcissism 13 2.2 The neutrality of the network in question 15 2.2.1 How can network neutrality be preserved? 18 2.2.2 A threatened principle 19 2.3 Going toward an Internet 3.0 and a new form of digital civility? 22 2.3.1 Is cyberspace a public space? 22 2.3.2 Tyrannies of privacy 24 Chapter 3. The Internet, A Governance Subject To Controversy 27 3.1 ICANN, an influenced institution 27 3.1.1 Is this the end of US supremacy? 28 3.1.2 The role of the GAC 29 3.2 Cybersecurity, domains and electronic addressing 32 3.2.1 The essential role of WHOIS 34 3.2.2 Domain name extension and migration from IPv4 to IPv6 37 3.3 Who regulates those who are in control? 39 3.3.1 Conflict within ICANN 40 3.3.2 Encrypted networks: a major security issue for ICANN 42 Part 2. Crypto-Anarchism, Cryptography and Hidden Networks 45 Chapter 4. From The Arpanet To The Darknet: When States Lose Cryptographic Warfare 49 4.1 From Minitel to ARPANET 49 4.1.1 Rapid growth 51 4.1.2 The privatization of the Internet 52 4.2 The rise of asymmetric cryptography 53 4.2.1 Steganography 53 4.2.2 Modern cryptographic methods 56 4.2.3 Asymmetric cryptography 57 4.3 “The Crypto Wars are over!” 60 4.3.1 Planetary electronic monitoring 62 4.3.2 “Rendering Big Brother obsolete” 64 4.3.3 Cryptography at the service of hidden networks 68 Chapter 5. From Sneaker Nets To Darknets 71 5.1 Peer to peer: the first darknets 71 5.1.1 P2P against the entertainment industry: David versus Goliath 73 5.1.2 The BitTorrent revolution 77 5.1.3 The emergence of darknets 81 5.2 “Netopias” and darknets: the appearance of parallel networks 84 5.2.1 Cypherpunks and cyberpunk 84 5.2.2 Crypto-anarchism and activism: Peekabooty 88 5.2.3 Freenet 90 5.2.4 It is a small world… 93 5.3 The Tor network 98 5.3.1 The origins of Tor 100 5.3.2 The Tor paradox 103 5.3.3 How Tor works 105 5.3.4 The principle of the .onion address 108 5.3.5 An evolution of Tor uses thanks to Tor2Web? 112 Chapter 6. Geopolitics and Cybersecurity 117 6.1 From “hacktivism” to “cyberwarfare” 117 6.1.1 The first hackers 118 6.1.2 When states engage in cyberwarfare 120 6.1.3 Computer attacks of an unprecedented magnitude 122 6.1.4 The darknet: cybercrime market 124 6.2 Cybercrime, politics and subversion in the “half-world” 126 6.2.1 The “half-world” appeal 130 6.2.2 Fighting crime and Bitcoins: current and future economic and security issues 134 Conclusion 141 Appendices 145 Appendix 1 147 Appendix 2 153 Glossary 157 Bibliography 163 Index 169

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