International business Books

Book SynopsisThis book demonstrates how the success of foreign companies depends on the extent to which they can benefit from structural transformation.

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Book SynopsisThis book offers an insight into social, cultural, communicative and political dynamics in complex organisational change processes following mergers and acquisitions; dynamics which have often been neglected in previous research. The book is written by a Nordic research team, and it is based on their extensive field study of a series of cross-border mergers and acquisitions leading to the creation of Nordea, the largest Nordic financial services group today.

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Book SynopsisThis book is an invaluable China market survival kit.

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Book SynopsisThe book is a contribution to the emerging literature on firm strategy in developing countries, offering new empirical evidence of the multi-faceted and complex nature of cross border inter-firm linkages.

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Book SynopsisThe open character of the global economy combined with the internationalization of business means that business students are increasingly required to understand the complexities of international business. This introductory textbook provides students with a comprehensive overview of this vital topic.Subjects discussed withing the text include: the political and economic environment; culture; management and organization; international marketing strategies; intercultural communication; international law; international finance; and logistics / international transport.Table of Contents1 Introduction to international business, 2 Political & economic environment, 3 Culture, 4 Management & organisation in an international environment, 5 External analysis in an international environment, 6 Market entry & international marketing,7 Intercultural communication and management, 8 International commercial Law, 9 Risk-management, insurance and finance, 10 Logistics and customs

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Book SynopsisA Basic Guide to International Business Law aims to give students an understanding as well as practical knowledge of legal problems arising in the area of international business, and to equip them with the skills needed to prevent and tackle these problems.All Chapters employ the same didactic structure. Introductory case studies, examples, annotated case law, glossaries, diagrams, summaries and exercises are all designed to familiarize students quickly with relevant aspects of international (business) law. A Basic Guide to International Business Law deals with the following topics:• Introduction to International Private Law and European Law• Legal aspects of negotiations• International contracts: matters of jurisdiction and the law applicable to these contracts• International contracts of sale• Competion law• Free movement of goods, workers, the freedom of capital and establishment and the freedom to provide services• International payments• Carriage of goods by road and sea• Incoterms• Entry modes (agents, representatives, distributors, licensing, franchising)Table of Contents1 Introduction to International Private Law and EuropeanLaw 1.1 Introduction to International Private Law 1.2 Introduction to European Law 1.3 Cases of the European Court of Justice Case Costa vs ENEL Case Van Gend & Loos Case Francovich Case of Foglia vs Novello Case of Cilfit 2 Negotiations 2.1 Reaching an agreement 2.2 Legal aspects of negotiations Case of Baris vs Riezenkamp 2.3 Breaking off negotiations: breach of contract or tort? 2.4 Cases at the preliminary stage Case AGA – Bouw Case VSH vs Shell 3 Courts 3.1 What court of law has jurisdiction? 3.2 Brussels I Regulation: what countries are involved? 3.3 Rules concerning jurisdiction of the Brussels I Regulation 3.4 Execution of the verdict under the Brussels I Regulation 3.5 Arbitration 4 Law 4.1 Introduction to Rome I 4.2 Conditions on the use of Rome I 4.3 Content of Rome I Case of Sanchez Case of Alnati 4.4 Combination of Brussels I and Rome I Case of BOA 4.5 Law applicable to international torts Rome II 5 CISG 5.1 Introduction to the CISG 5.2 Application of the CISG 5.3 Content of the CISG 5.4 Answers to CISG Exercises 5.5 Art. Brussels I, determining place of performance of obligation in question 6 The free movement of goods, persons, services and capital 6.1 Introduction to the free movement of goods 6.2 Quantitative restrictions 6.3 Measures having an effect equivalent to quantitative restrictions 6.4 Art. 36 TFEU: derogation from Art. 34 and 35 TFEU 6.5 Case law to justify restrictions on the free movement of goods 6.6 The free movement of workers 6.7 The freedom of establishment 6.8 The freedom to provide services 6.9 The freedom of capital 6.10 Cases of the European Court of Justice on the free movement of goods, workersand capital, the freedom to provide services and the freedom of establishment Case Dassonville Case Cassis de Dijon Case Rüffler Case Engelmann 7 Competition law 7.1 Introduction to competition and cartel law 7.2 The cartel law of Art. 101 TFEU 7.3 The abuse of a dominant position under Art. 102 TFEU 7.4 Mergers 7.5 Cases of the European Court of Justice on cartel law Case Vereeniging van Cementhandelaren Case ICI Case Grundig vs Consten Case Chiquita 8 Carriage, Incoterms, Payment and Entry modes 8.1 Carriage 8.2 Incoterms 8.3 International payments 8.4 Entry modes Index

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Book SynopsisAn analysis of the impact of inward investment on the competitiveness of indigenous firms, Multinational Enterprises and Technological Spillovers draws on evidence from the UK and Italian manufacturing sectors to show how foreign presence may generate both virtuous and vicious circles of development according to a number of interrelated factors. These include the level of the foreign presence, its rate of increase, the technological disparities between foreign and indigenous firms and the political response. An examination of the productive and innovatory activities of US and Japanese firms in Europe is also provided to enlighten the differential role of European countries in the global operations of overseas multinationals.Table of Contents1. Multinational Enterprises and Technological Spillovers: a Survey 2. Multinational Enterprises and Technological Spillovers: an Evolutionary Model 3. Manufacturing and Innovatory Activities of US and Japanese Multinationals in Europe 4. Foreign Multinationals and the British Economy: Technological Spillovers in the Manufacturing Industries 5. Foreign Presence in the Italian Industries: Characteristics and Consequences 6. Concluding Remarks: Towards a System View of Internationalization Processes

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Book SynopsisThis unique book focuses on a number of issues to do with contractual disputes – avoidance and resolution – within projects, and provides this in an international context. All disputes cost money and time, without adding value to the project and some disputes appear to be unavoidable. Disputes can however be managed so as to reduce the negative impact that they have and some can even be avoided by adopting appropriate practices in a timely manner.This book covers; Dispute avoidance practices and non-adversarial projects, as well as issues of trust, goodwill and cooperation. A framework for negotiation, and a range of alternative methods of dispute resolution. Case studies, involving single and multiple cultures. Table of ContentsAbout the author Introduction Dispute avoidance practices and non-adversal projects Trust, goodwill and cooperation Formal cooperation Negotiation Negotiation – Case studies I Negotiation – Case studies II Methods of dispute resolution Disputes and verbal contracts Disputes – Case studies I Disputes – Case studies II References and bibliography;Subject index..

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Book SynopsisAmidst rising global inequality, migration, climate change, health pandemics, and deepening poverty, it is time to redirect our economy towards more sustainable and socially just processes and outcomes. In 'Wellbeing Economics' Nicky Pouw puts forward a new framework that places human wellbeing at the centre, instead of economic growth. She postulates ten reasons why economics should change to remain a relevant discipline and develops a Wellbeing Economic Matrix (WEM) to implement this approach. In doing so, it is one of the first economics books that 'rethinks the economy' from head to tail.Trade Review"a refreshing and insightful read for all those interested in a new form of doing economics, who will certainly find very important elements for such a project in this book" Nuno Ornelas Martins in The Journal of Development Studies

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Book SynopsisLatest Edition: From Adam Smith to Michael Porter: Evolution of Competitiveness Theory (Extended Edition)Traditionally, a nation's international competitiveness has been explained by international trade theories originating from Adam Smith. However, today's global economy is too complicated to be explained by the traditional trade theories. Recently, Michael Porter of the Harvard Business School introduced a new competitiveness theory, the so-called diamond model. He differentiated his theory from the traditional trade theories by arguing that national prosperity is not inherited, but created by choices; in other words, national wealth is not set by factor endowments, but created by strategic choices. He showed different choices of creating wealth, which had been quite limited in the world of traditional trade theories. His diamond model has lately been extended by several scholars. This book highlights Porter's achievement by comparing it with those of traditional trade theorists and presents new developments of competitiveness theory. By discussing the “before” and “after” of Porter's theory, the authors provide the reader with a holistic picture of competitiveness theory.

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Book SynopsisPolitical leadership styles in East Asian states are shaped and influenced by a number of domestic factors. These factors include the type of political system that an East Asian state adopted from their days of independence and decolonization. There is a diverse array of political systems in the region, ranging from Western-style liberal democracies like Japan and South Korea to autocratic one-party states like North Korea. Most other East Asian countries adopt systems somewhere in between these two polar ends. This volume begins with a macro-political perspective of leadership. It then looks at case studies of political leadership and the factors that influence the shape and outcome of leadership styles in the region.The book also examines the concept of community leadership and its impact on community well-being. Several specific case studies are examined in depth. While examining political leadership from a macro theoretical and empirical perspective, the book also adopts historical-anthropological perspectives to analyse case studies. The case studies also examine policy formulation and implementation to look at the role of government in handling community-level issues.Finally, the book focuses on economic leadership in international political economy and global business.

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Book SynopsisGlobalization has forced international firms to be competitive, innovative, and most importantly, adaptive to the changing economic conditions and consumer behavior, and emerging threats from local firms based in developing countries and emerging markets. These markets also have one of the fastest growth rates in the world given the advancement in technology, the rise in global investments, and the change in culture. As such, the knowledge translation and transfer from advanced countries to emerging markets and vice-versa is of essence; the advanced countries need access to the markets, and the emerging markets need the technology and investments, among others, from advanced countries. It is a win-win strategy to develop competitive advantage for international firms. In this context, the authors, who have significant international business knowledge in developing countries and emerging markets, carefully present a selection of peer-reviewed edited chapters that are research-based, theoretical sound, and managerially relevant.The book serves as an essential tool to study, apply, and analyze the contemporary dynamics in developing and emerging markets as the chapters cover recent and relevant business topics such as talent management, ICT technologies, innovation, artificial intelligence and cybersecurity, business incubation home market, and entry strategies.

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Book SynopsisA Chinese banquet is a combination of small and diverse flavours that make up the overall impression of the meal. China for SMEs brings together many small bites of fascinating advice and insights to build a larger banquet of China business experience, in areas including:As China grows in importance to companies around the world, it is vital for companies to understand the Chinese business culture. Beijing and Shanghai are a long way from Boston and Sheffield! In China for SMEs, regional expert Daryl Guppy outlines the crucial ingredients for success, culled from more than 20 years of experience in China business, official meetings and government advisory. This book is an essential read for anyone serious about successful business in modern China.

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Book Synopsis'Why they are complaining?' 'Why do they treat me this way?' 'Why are they offending my team?'Intercultural misunderstandings are a pain. Fact-oriented cultures and relationship-oriented cultures clash. They have different styles of communication, different views on the same things, and contrary core values. The Germans are fact-oriented. Their habits make doing business with them a challenge. This book educates managers and professionals on how best to work with Germans and helps them avoid intercultural misunderstandings. It reveals the three key characteristics for consideration to make business with Germans a success: directness — adherence — commitment.

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Book SynopsisA Chinese banquet is a combination of small and diverse flavours that make up the overall impression of the meal. China for SMEs brings together many small bites of fascinating advice and insights to build a larger banquet of China business experience, in areas including:As China grows in importance to companies around the world, it is vital for companies to understand the Chinese business culture. Beijing and Shanghai are a long way from Boston and Sheffield! In China for SMEs, regional expert Daryl Guppy outlines the crucial ingredients for success, culled from more than 20 years of experience in China business, official meetings and government advisory. This book is an essential read for anyone serious about successful business in modern China.

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Book SynopsisSince 2008, while the global automotive manufacturing has been faltering, the Chinese auto industry has been swiftly transformed into the largest producer in the world. The growth of the Chinese automakers is a close reflection of China's powerful manufacturing economy, and Geely Auto is one such best example. This book closely examines the rise of Geely as a privately-owned automaker in China. From its humble beginning as a refrigerator component maker and motorcycle manufacturer in the late twentieth century, Geely has grown to become not only a top selling national brand in China, the largest auto market in the world, but also a significant player in the global automotive industry. The book studies Geely's successful acquisition of Volvo, within a long-term framework of asset-seeking foreign direct investment, and then further investigates its recent strategic initiatives with Daimler, London Taxi, PROTON and Lotus. The book reveals how the little-known carmaker is worth close examination, via its product development, organizational dynamics, corporate culture, brand development, talent and cross-cultural management strategies, as well as the entrepreneurship of its visionary founder Shufu Li. From catching up in technology to a leader in product, service and business model innovations, Geely has driven out as a new Chinese automaker on the world stage. Facing challenges in clean energy and Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, new user's experience towards smart and mobility solution, Geely will continue to play an increasingly important role in the globalization age of the twenty-first century.

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Book SynopsisAs the second edition of Global Business Strategy, this book provides novel insights on how a firm can formulate a successful approach toward its global business from both the Western and Asian perspectives. In this respect, the book's overall goal is to bridge the gap between these two different viewpoints. This second edition includes more recent business theories, techniques, and cases within the field of global business strategy. Specifically, it includes new theories and techniques like creating shared value (CSV), the global value chain, platform strategy, and business ecosystem. They are shown to be important tools for enhancing competitiveness and maintaining sustainability among firms in today's rapidly changing international business environment. This is very much evident today given the critical challenges arising from the trade tensions between the United States and China, emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence and digital transformation, and the unprecedented disruptions brought on by the coronavirus pandemic. We hope that this book will serve as a useful companion for students, business practitioners, policymakers, and the more general readers interested in issues related to competitiveness and business.

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Book SynopsisIn a world of unprecedented disruption and market turbulence, business transformation revolves around the need to generate new values, unlock new opportunities, drive new growth, and deliver new efficiencies.The world is witnessing volatility in the environment, in technology, in the economy and in society. 'Business as usual' is no longer acceptable, and the pertinent question is how long can humanity continue pursuing consumption and growth predicated on ever-increasing efficiency. The Coronavirus pandemic has amplified concerns about the highly digitized, interconnected, and vulnerable state of the global economy, the relationship with nature, and the prospects for each living being on this planet, including people, to survive and to thrive. To navigate and survive the coming decade of transformative change, every business will need to harness all the ingenuity, creativity and imagination they can muster. Corporate leaders and entrepreneurs will be required to steer their businesses towards a new model of prosperity, based on green and regenerative principles. It is time for leaders in business to overhaul their purpose, plans and strategies for this new context and explore different futures, engage with new partners and create space for experimentation. The only way to prepare for the future is to explore how companies, especially medium and small enterprises as well as women led businesses can transform their future strategies to be more compatible with challenges such as cyber security, human security, ethical principles and financial transparency.This book presents a collection of empirical and original research papers on evolving business strategies within a dynamic global environment to provide valuable insights to scholars, academicians, practitioners, policymakers and students.

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Book SynopsisAs countries around the world seek to enhance their economies while facing the challenges of climate change and income inequality, national competitiveness is an important marker of the related strengths and weaknesses that policymakers will need to address. Among the existing reports on national competitiveness and rankings, such as IMD World Competitiveness Yearbook and WEF Global Competitiveness Report, there are sizable discrepancies in the ranking order for the same countries. As a result, confusion arises as such an outcome creates difficulties for government officials when translating these findings into real-world policies.The reality is that these discrepancies are due to the differences in logic and analytical models used by IMD and WEF. Therefore, in recognizing such problems and limitations, The Competitiveness of Nations 2 presents the IPS model as a new approach. Building on from Michael Porter's diamond model, it demonstrates a robust set of methodologies as well as offers several key policy implications for economies around the world that wish to enhance their competitiveness.The analytical tools used in this book can be further utilized for other units of analysis such as industries and individual firms. As this book provides a series of sophisticated methodologies and specific guidelines for enhancing national competitiveness, both academics and practitioners can derive useful implications.This annual book series was launched in 2021 and has included timely topics and in-depth discussion on national competitiveness. The first edition dealt with the COVID-19 global pandemic and the US-China trade war as its key focus. For this second edition, the Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) issue has been selected given its growing impact on strategic decision-making at both firm and country levels for sustainable competitiveness. This edition explores the development of ESG in various regions including Asia (Japan, Korea, India), Europe (Russia), Latin America (Peru), and Africa (Sub-Saharan Africa). It addresses how firms can contribute to ESG, and what governments should do to incentivize or regulate firms' engagement in its practices.

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Book SynopsisWhen the world economy is facing serious difficulties such as now, the management of Japanese corporations is attracting attention from all over the world. In coping with rapid changes in the environment, Japanese management techniques and legal practices continue to change. In the era of internationalization, Japan and foreign countries have followed a path of convergence, despite differing traditions. By following this course, businesses both in Japan and abroad are expected to achieve greater progress in productivity, cost efficiency, and profit maximization, while maintaining good quality control. However, these Japanese stories are only partially known to the world.As one of the very few casebooks written in English on Japanese corporations, this book offers valuable insights into Japan's unique business culture and practices. The seven cases in this book include well-known Japanese corporations such as the Bank of Japan, Toyota, Sumitomo-Mitsui Bank, Saizeriya, and Toshiba. 'The Toshiba Accounting Scandal: How Corporate Governance Failed' and 'Negative Interest Rates: The Bank of Japan Experience' rank as 'BESTSELLERS' in the Top 20 most popular cases at Harvard. These cases illustrate many of the key differences between Japan and the West that exist in the realm of corporate governance and finance. All in all, the book provides relevant and in-depth information on the current state of business in Japan.

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Book SynopsisThis book very specifically focuses on technology application in tourism in Asia. The book contains twenty-seven chapters in four sections (i.e., theories, innovations, practices, and future research directions), based on the intriguing qualities and importance of technology applications in the Asian tourism business. This book, a blend of comprehensive and extensive efforts by the contributors and editor, is designed to extensively cover technology applications in tourism in Asia, including distinct topics such as mobile computing, new product designs, innovative technology usages in tourism promotion, technology-driven sustainable tourism development, location-based apps, mobility, accessibility, the post crisis situation of COVID-19, etc. This book is a significant contribution towards the very limited knowledge of technology applications in tourism, with selected examples of Asian countries. The importance of technology in Asian tourism is rapidly increasing, and has led to a rise in luxury, allowing citizens to enjoy leisure travel over both long and short distances. The rise of low-cost airlines and the region’s growing, affluent middle class have changed the tourism environment dramatically. More tourists are booking their holidays online as a result of technological advancements. Online travel is the most important and well-established aspect of Asia's Internet economy. Considering the ongoing trend of technology applications in the tourism industry in Asia, more research attempts like this book need to be made aiming towards exploring diverse aspects. As tourism is an expanding area, this book can serve as a reading companion for tourism students, policy planners and industry professionals. This book is expected to be appreciated by expatriate researchers and researchers having a keen interest in the Asian tourism industry.Table of ContentsIntroductionPart 1: ​Technology Application in Tourism in Asia: Theories1. Thirty Years of Research on Application of Technology in Tourism and Hospitality Industry: A Systematic Literature Review (Mohammad Rokibul Hossain et. al.)2. Technology Application in Tourism in Asia (Md. Ruhul Amin Mollah et. al.)3. Technology Application in Tourism in Asia: Comprehensive Science Mapping Analysis (Khaw Khai Wah et. al.)Part 2: Technology Application in Tourism in Asia: Innovations4. Technological Innovations in Asian Tourism (Priyakrushna Mohanty et. al.)5. The Role of ICT Applied to Tourism and Marketing in Asia (Célia Ramos et. al.)Part 3: Technology Application in Tourism in Asia: Practices6. Emerging Technologies in Tourism for a Better Experience: The Case of Dubai (Mohit Vij et. al.)7. Technology Application in the Tourism and Hospitality Industry of the Middle East Asia (Syed Far Abid Hossain et. al.)8. The Role of Mobile Applications in Jordanian Hospitality Operations, Businesses and Service Perception (Ahmad Albattat et. al.)9. Digital Trends in Asian Hotel Industry (Narentheren Kaliappen et. al.)10. Analysis of the Use of Digital Technologies in the Tourism Sector: Evidence from Kazakhstan (Makhabbat Ramazanova et. al.)11. Technology Application in the Iranian Tourism Industry (Shirzad Mansouri)12. Hospitality Curriculum Reform with the Integration of Big Data Technology for Bachelor Program in China Mainland and Taiwan: Exploration of the Stakeholders’ Perspectives (Yuanyuan Zong et. al.)13. Technology Application in the Chinese Tourism Industry (Mohammad Musa et. al.)14. Technology Application in the Japanese Tourism Industry: Destination Promotion (Shunsaku Hashimoto)15. Mobile Technology and Applications in the Tourism and Hospitality Industry of Hong Kong (Md. Alauddin et. al.)16. The Mobiquitous Role of M-tourism Application in Driving Sustainable Tourism Sector in Thailand (Hasanuzzaman Tushar et. al.)17. Virtual Tourism Experience: A Tale from Malaysia (Sharina Osman)18. Sentiment Analysis and its Applications in Assessing Visit Preferences Pre and Post COVID-19: An Indonesian Perspective (Putu Diah Sastri Pitanatri et. al.)19. Ubiquitous role of Technology based Social Media Application in the Vietnamese Tourism Industry (Hasanuzzaman Tushar et. al.)20. Information and Communication Technology Application in the Indian Tourism Industry (Saroop Roy B. R.)21. Internet of Things: Designing Digital Eco-Systems for Competitive Tourism related Micro and Small Enterprises in Pakistan (Sadia Shaikh)22. Connecting the Connected: How is Sri Lanka Prepared to Respond to Digital Tourists? (R. S. S. W. Arachchi et. al.)23. Tourism in Bangladesh: The Application of Technologies (Muhammad Khalilur Rahman et. al.)24. Overcoming Overtourism through Technology: The Case of Asian Cities (Priyakrushna Mohanty et. al.)25. Smart Tourism: Foundations, Developments and Management in Asia (Muhammad Jawad et. al.)26. Mobile Technology's Role in Tourism of Asia: Patents, Articles, News, and Feedback of Mobile Tour Applications (Muhammad Jawad et. al.)Part 4: Technology Application in Tourism in Asia: Future Research Directions27. Technology Application in the Asian Tourism Industry in Future (Aysen Ercan İştin et. al.)

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Book SynopsisIt is an unconditional reality that the tourism industry in Asia is becoming exposed to innovative technologies more than ever before. This book reports the latest research in the application of innovative technology to the tourism industry, covering the perspectives, innovativeness, theories, issues, complexities, opportunities and challenges affecting tourism in Asia. A blend of comprehensive and extensive efforts by the contributors and editors, it is designed especially to cover technology applications in tourism fairs, festivals and events in Asia. The application and practice of technologies in tourism, including the relevant niches of fairs, festivals and events are also covered, with a focus on the importance of technology in tourism. This book highlights, in a comprehensive manner, technologies that are impacting the tourism industry in Asia, as well as the constraints it is facing. It deals with distinct topics, such as tourism promotion, technology-driven sustainable tourism development, social media, accessibility and so on to cover fairs, festivals and events. This book is a significant contribution towards the very limited knowledge in this identified research area, with examples from selected Asian countries. This book is designed to accommodate both qualitative and quantitative research linking theory and practice. This book has a clear focus on outlining the research issues. Each chapter of the book highlights a methodology that was used, with rationale for its use. This book addresses a number of revisions that unify the theme or framework to integrate the chapters.Table of ContentsIntroductionAzizul Hassan Part One Technology Application Tourism Fairs, Festivals and Events in Asia: Theoretical Discussions 1. Technology Application in Tourism Fairs, Festivals and Events in Asia: A Review of LiteratureMohammad Rokibul Hossain 2. Technology Application in Tourism Festivals in Asia: Theoretical DiscussionsEmmanuel Sebata and Md Ruhul Amin Mollah3. Pilgrimage, sporting and tourism event: Application of technologyMuhammad Khalilur RahmanPart Two Technology Application Tourism Fairs, Festivals and Events in Asia: Influential Factors4. How do Social Media Literacy, Psychological Capital, and Work Engagement Influence the Employees’ Morale in Event and Tourism Industry? Fatema Johara, Munshi Muhammad Abdul Kader Jilani and Md. Aftab Uddin5. Does Workplace Fun Influence Employee Deep Acting? A Moderated Moderation Model in the Event IndustryMd. Aftab Uddin, Munshi Muhammad Abdul Kader Jilani and Fatema Johara Part Three Technology Application Tourism Fairs, Festivals and Events in Asia: Perceptions and Effects6. The Impact of the Perceptions of Augmented Reality on the Sacred Tourism Places in BangladeshA.S. M. SalimullahPart Four Technology Application Tourism Fairs, Festivals and Events in Asia: Destination Branding7. Technology innovation as a destination branding tool for festivals and events tourism Muhamad Khalilur Rahman8. Technology Innovation and Social Media as a Global Platform for Tourism eventsMuhammad Khalilur RahmanPart Five Technology Application Tourism Fairs, Festivals and Events in Asia: Cases9. Catamaran Tourism Events in Bangladesh: Demand of a New Luxury EventA.S. M. Salimullah10. Information and Communication Technology Application in Tourism Events, Fairs and Festivals in India Saroop Roy B. R. 11. Understanding and Improving Digital Tourism Events in PakistanKalsoom B. Sumra and Mehtab Alam12. A Study on Information Technology and its Challenges towards Sri Lankan Event Tourism: Event Managers’ Perspectives A.M.D.B. Nawarathna and R.S.S.W. Arachchi13. Technology-based Tourism Development Mechanism in China with Events, Festivals and FairsSyed Far Abid Hossain, Faiza Tanaz Ahsan, Arslan Amzad, Kazi Mohiuddin, Xu Shan and Shazia Irshad 14. Approaching the Paradox: Loving and Hating Technology Applications of Indonesia’s Cultural eventsPutu Diah Sastri Pitanatri and Luh Yusni Wiarthi 15. Technology Application in Tourism Fairs, Festivals and Events in Malaysia Sharina Osman 16. Exploring the Role of Technology Application in Tourism Events, Festivals and Fairs in the United Arab Emirates: A Strategy in the Post Pandemic PeriodSyed Far Abid Hossain, Faiza Tanaz Ahsan, Armana Hakim Nadi, Musanna Ahmed and Hafsa Neyamah17. Technology Usage in Tourism Events, Fairs and Festivals: Samples from TurkeyAslı Özge ÖZGEN ÇİĞDEMLİPart Six Technology Application Tourism Fairs, Festivals and Events in Asia: Challenges and Solutions 18. Drawbacks of Tourism Festivals, Events and Technology Application in Asia and Ways to Overcome H.M. Kamrul Hassan and Mohammed Shahedul QuaderPart Seven Technology Application Tourism Fairs, Festivals and Events in Asia: Directions for Future Research 19. Technology Application Tourism Fairs, Festivals and Events in Asia: Directions for Future ResearchRatan Ghosh and Iffat AnjumConclusionAzizul Hassan

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