Industrialisation and industrial history Books
Brill Schoningh Die Thyssen-Bornemisza-Gruppe: Eine
Book Synopsis
£75.05
Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht GmbH & Co KG Vergleichen in der Konkurrenz: Transnationale
Book SynopsisDie Eisen- und Stahlindustrie ist seit dem ausgehenden 19. Jahrhundert international vernetzt. Wichtiger Bestandteil der ökonomischen Austausch- und Konkurrenzbeziehungen war eine bisher kaum beachtete sozial und kulturell wirkmächtige Praxis: Branchenakteure verglichen ihre Industrie mit ihrer Konkurrenz in anderen Ländern. In der konjunkturanfälligen Stahlindustrie war ein besonderes Bedürfnis zu beobachten, die eigenen Leistungen und Errungenschaften im Spiegel der internationalen Konkurrenz zu bewerten und das eigene ökonomische Handeln orientieren zu können. Welche Rolle spielten Vergleichspraktiken innerhalb der Konkurrenz? Diese Frage beantwortet die Studie für die deutsche und US-amerikanische Eisen- und Stahlindustrie in der Zeit zwischen den 1870er und den 1930er Jahren.
£76.99
Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht Wasserkraft im Dienst des Sozialismus
Book SynopsisDas Buch analysiert erstmals sowjetische Quellen und behandelt die sozialistische Seite der Geschichte des globalen Staudammbaus.
£61.19
Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht GmbH & Co KG Organisation und Geschäft:
Book SynopsisText in German. The phase of the so-called "Second Industrialization" at the turn of the century was characterized in Germany and France by new forms of industrial production, but also by mass consumption. This led to changed organizational forms in the production of large companies. For the first time, systematic management teachings and thus new directions in organizational science literature developed. In both countries, entrepreneurs began to structure their businesses in a reflective way, to professionalize management and to think through problems of work organization. This process is extensively examined in the present work. The comparison between the neighboring countries, both of which are among the most industrialized countries in Europe, is intended to clarify how this new organizational theory was similar in large companies, but also which branch-specific and national peculiarities gained importance in the companies.
£89.10
Peter Lang AG Ingenieure auf der Leinwand: Technische Visionen
Book SynopsisDiese Studie wurde vom VDI mit dem Conrad-Matschoß-Preis 2021 ausgezeichnet.Zu Beginn der 1930er Jahre tauchten im bis dato expressionistisch geprägten deutschen Zukunftsfilm vermehrt Ingenieure auf, die als Helden technischer Großprojekte einem vordergründigen Fortschrittsoptimismus frönten. Dabei verwiesen diese Filmfiguren auf Ordnungsvorstellungen, die technokratische bis völkische Lösungen der zeitgenössisch virulenten Frage nach dem Konflikt von Kapital und Arbeit bemühten. In einem technikhistorischen Zugriff auf cineastische vergangene Zukünfte sowie unter Anwendung des Konzepts der hegemonialen Männlichkeit analysiert die Autorin die filmische Inszenierung von Ingenieuren und Technik. Sie zeigt auf, dass sich diese Filme als (Zerr-)Spiegel einer zentralen Konfliktlinie der industriellen Klassengesellschaft der Zwischenkriegszeit verstehen lassen.
£50.04
Peter Lang AG Business History in Spain (19th and 20th
Book SynopsisThe figure of the entrepreneur has become a relevant factor that explains the process of growth and economic development. In the university world, academic research has multiplied on entrepreneurship, a term that has triple meaning: the figure of the entrepreneur, the business function and the creation of companies. This versatile meaning has to be based on a consistent theory about the company and the entrepreneur. This book brings together the research carried out by its authors with primary sources and makes it accessible to a wide audience, Spanish and Latin American; the book is especially written for an audience that does not speak Spanish or does not know the topics discussed in it.Table of ContentsEntrepreneur – Entrepreneurship – Business – History – Spain
£33.03
Peter Lang AG Effects of German Industrialization on
Book SynopsisWhen the German Industrial Revolution is mentioned, some unanswered questions like “when?”, “how?”, “by whom?” comes to mind. This book opens the curtain of unanswered questions about German Industrialization. Unlike previous studies on German Industrialization, this book, which reveals a highly integrated framework, also examines original areas such as the importance of education in German Industrialization and the pioneering German banking models in the 19th century. Moreover, this book offers the reader a new perspective by examining Turkish-German relations from the perspective of German Industrialization. Making use of Turkish, German and American archive documents, this book aims to provide the reader with rational inferences about German industrialization and the behind-the-scenes of Turkish-German relations with its in-depth literature review and intense analysis.Table of ContentsList of Tables - Foreword - Abstract - Introduction - Chapter 1 Fundamentals of German Industrialization - Chapter 2 Industrialization in the German Empire - Chapter 3 Ottoman- German Military and Strategic Relations after German Industrialization (1871– 1914) - Chapter 4 Turkish- German Military and Poltical Relations after the First World War from Industrial Perspective (1914– 1929) - Epilogue - Bibliography
£39.60
Peter Lang AG Ludwig Loewe, the Forgotten Pioneer Industrialist
Book SynopsisDespite Ludwig Loewe’s pivotal role in Germany’s pre-WW1 industrial success, onlysparse information on him and his work remains. His “Jewish enterprise” was expropriatedpost-1933, falling under Günther Quandt’s control, where it stayed post-WW2.All company records and correspondence subsequently disappeared. However, whenthe few remaining information fragments are contextualized, a fuller picture of thisextraordinary man emerges. A man who devoted much to his homeland, only for hisheirs to be exiled and stripped of everything.Table of ContentsForeword – 1. Introduction – 2. The Making of Ludwig Loewe – 3. Berlin and Ferdinand Lassalle – 4. State- of- the- Art of Machine Tools in Europe – 5. First Steps towards a Political Career – 6. The Beginnings of Ludwig Loewe & Co K.G. – 7. On the Other Side of the Atlantic – 8. Pratt & Whitney in Berlin – 9. Entry into National Politics – 10. The Fight Against Anti- Semitism – 11. Bismarck and Ludwig Loewe & Co K. G., Arms Manufacturer – 12. The Last Four Years – Epilogue – Bibliography – Index
£29.45
Schwabe Verlagsgruppe Eisenverhuttung Im Dursteltal: Ein Hochofen Des
Book Synopsis
£36.00
Transcript Verlag Wires That Bind – Nation, Region, and Technology
Book SynopsisThe arrival of telegraphy and railroads changed power relations throughout the world in the nineteenth century. In the Mesilla region of the American Southwest, it contributed to two distinct and rapid shifts in political and economic power from the 1850s to the 1920s. Torsten Kathke illustrates how the changes these technologies wrought everywhere could be seen at a much accelerated pace here. A local Hispano elite was replaced first by a Hispano-Anglo one, and finally a nationally oriented Anglo elite. As various groups tried to gain, hold, and defend power, the region became bound ever closer to the US economy and to the federal government.Trade Review"A reader looking for a cultural study of the Mesilla will be greatly rewarded by Kathkes effort." -- Bryant Macfarlane, https://networks.h-net.org, 11 (2020)"Kathkes focus on issues of cultural amalgamation, law, and government action in the Mesilla makes for a highly useful study if not for readers primarily concerned with the history of technology for those interested in the American Southwest, borderlands studies, and U.S. colonialism." Casey P. Cater, Technology and Culture, 62/4 (2021)
£38.24
Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft The Industrialization of India
Book Synopsis
£31.50
AS Verlag Swiss Air: A day by day documentation
Book SynopsisThis account of Swissair's day-by-day history will serve as the basis of any future exploration of Switzerland's former national carrier, from its founding right up to the grounding of the fleet and ultimate demise of the company. Documented here is every significant corporate decision, along with previously little-known background information, a comprehensive overview of operational incidents, the airline's route network over seven decades, the countries Swissair served and types of aircraft it operated. In short, this book covers everything that made the legendary airline distinctive, in unprecedented scope. This new standard reference work records in precise detail and in easily comprehensible English both the history of civil aviation in Switzerland and the qualities that Swissair deemed important over its 70 years in existence. Rather than judge or assign blame, this book sticks strictly to the facts and figures that reflect the dedication of Swissair employees - from those in the cockpit and the cabin to those in marketing and technical services, both at home and abroad - to "their" airline, from the very early days right up until the final flight by a Swissair aircraft. In the process, the book injects new life into one of the most exciting chapters in the history of Swiss commerce.
£79.99
Frontpage Publications The Real Thing Coke's Bumpy Ride Through India
Book Synopsis
£11.35
Peeters Publishers De Leuvense Vaart: Van de Vaartkom tot Wijgmaal.
Book SynopsisDe historische ruimtelijke planning rond de Leuvense Vaartkom vormt het uitgangspunt van deze studie met de nooit eerder gepubliceerde voorontwerpen, de oorspronkelijke loop van de Dijle en de ontwikkeling van de infrastructuur. De juiste situering van bewoners en bedrijven op basis van adressen, bevolkingsregisters en hernummeringslijsten was vaak niet mogelijk. Daarom werd gekozen voor een systematisch onderzoek van het kadasterarchief van alle percelen rond de Vaartkom en de Vaart tot Wijgmaal betreffende de 19de eeuw en de periode tot de Eerste Wereldoorlog. Dit geeft meteen een beter inzicht in de ontwikkeling van de bedrijven, we leren een aantal families of personen kennen die een belangrijke rol speelden bij de industrialisatie van de Leuvense Vaart en er komen verrassende verbanden op binnen- en buitenlands vlak tot uiting. Nuttige randinformatie werd ondergebracht in buitentekstkaders. Deel 2 bevat vele originele niet eerder gepubliceerde documenten en foto's. De Leuvense Vaart is in de eerste plaats een wegwijzer en een naslagwerk voor al wie de industriële geschiedenis van Leuven verder wil uitdiepen of interesse heeft voor industrieel erfgoed, architectuur, transporteconomie, historische geografie, ruimtelijke ordening, bedrijfsgeschiedenis en genealogie.
£76.60
Kapon Editions Corporate Securities Macedonia - Thessaloniki
Book SynopsisThe economic life of Thessaloniki and Macedonia in general is unfolded through stocks issued by limited companies during an important period of its history (1870-1940), which covered the final years of the Turkish occupation and saw the incorporation of the city and region into the modern Greek state. A total of 84 stock certificates are represented, most of them shares or company bonds, accompanied by details of the foundation and history of the issuing companies, the majority of which were based in Thessaloniki. The illustrations on the certificates are highly interesting. Their variety of subjects and colour harmony is particularly striking at the present day, when stock certificates have become immaterial and no longer have their traditional printed form. Slipcased; 212 illustrations, most in colour. Parallel text Greek and English. Prologue by Professor Evangelos VenizelosTable of ContentsSCRIPOPHILY THE PRESENTATION OF THE SECURITIES THE HISTORICAL FRAME 1872. ORIENTAL RAILWAY OPERATING COMPA NY 1884. ADMINISTRATION OF THE TOBACCO MONOPOLY OF THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE 1888. BANK OF SALONIKA 1888/1934. BANK OF SALONIKA 1891. OTTOMAN WATER COMPANY OF SALONIKA 1891/1929. WATER DISTRIBUTION COMPANY OF SALONIKA 1891. OTTOMAN RAILWAY COMPANY FOR THE SALONIKA-MONASTIR LINE 1892. TRAMWAYS COMPANY OF SALONIKA 1892/1925. TRAMWAYS AND ELECTRICITY COMPANY OF 1892/1929. TRAM WAYS AND ELECTRICITY COMPANY OF 1893. OTTOMAN RAILWAY COMPANY FOR THE SALONIKA-CONSTANTINOPLE LINE 1893. KASSANDRA MINES OTTOMAN COMPANY LTD 1895. THE COMMERCIAL COMPANY OF SALONICA LTD 1896. THE GERMAN SCHOOL OF SALONIKA 1897. INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL OTTOMAN COMPANY OF SALONIKA LTD 1897/1919. INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL COMPANY OF SALONIKA LTD 1897/1926. INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL COMPANY OF SALONIKA LTD 1904. NEW SPINNING MILL OF SALONIKA 1904/1930. SPINNING AND TEXTILE FACTORY OF THESSALONIKI LTD 1904. OTTOMAN COMPANY FOR THE OPERATION OF THE PORT OF SALONIKA 1905. REAL ESTATE COMPANY OF SALONIKA 1906. CHIRKETI-HAIRIÉI-HAMIDIÉ OTTOMAN COMPANY FOR STEAM BOAT NAVIGATION LTD 1908. AGRICULTURAL BANK LOTTERY LOAN 1909. OTTOMAN COMPANY FOR AGRICULTURE AND DEVELOPMENT LTD 1910. AGRICULTURAL COMPANY OF DRAMA 1910. THE ANGLO-HELLENIC COMPANY OF SALONIKA LTD 1911. ‘IT TI HAD’ OTTOMAN NAVIGATION COMPANY LTD 1918. VAVDOS MINING COMPANY LTD 1919. FRENCH-HELLENIC COMPANY OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES LTD 1920. AMAR BANK LTD 1921. SALONIKA-PALESTINE HELLENIC COMPANY LTD 1921. EDESSA HEMP FACTORY LTD 1922. ‘ERIA’. NEW HELLENIC TEXTILE FACTORY COMPANY OF NAOUSA LTD 1922. NAOUSSA WOOL INDUSTRIES LANARAS-KYRTSIS AND CO. LTD 1923. EPAM. CHA RI LAOS RE FRIG ER ATION COM PA NY LTD 1924. SCIENTIFIC PHARMACEUTICAL TRADE UNION OF MACEDONIA LTD 1924. ‘SO MA KO’ FRANCO-HELLENIC COM PA NY OF BUILD ING MA TE RI ALS LTD 1925. ‘GRAN ITE’ BRICK WORKS OF THES SAL ONI KI LTD 1925. ‘GEN IMA’ LTD, GEN ER AL TRAD ING AND MAN UFAC TUR ING COM PA NY OF MAC EDO NIA 1925. UNITED BANK OF BENVENISTE AND INDUSTRIES LTD 1925. BILIS-TSITSIS SPINNING MILL LTD 1925. THE ‘POSEIDON’ MARINE TRANSPORT COMPANY S.A 1926. ‘YPHA NET’ TEXTILE MANUFACTURING COMPANY LTD 1926. GREEK TOBACCO EX ORT COMPANY LTD 1926. BUILDING CO-OPERATIVE FOR THE PURCHASE OF LAND IN THE DISTRICT OF XIROKRINI 1926/1933. BUILDING CO-OPERATIVE FOR THE PURCHASE OF LAND IN THE DISTRICT OF EFEDROU POLI 1926. UNION BANK LTD 1926. ‘SPARTA’ ORIENTAL CARPET FACTORY 1926. ‘AVEZ’ PASTA MANUFACTURING COMPA NY LTD 1927. ‘THE TEKTONIKI’ LTD 1927. ‘ESTIA’ UNION OF INDUSTRIAL COMPANIES LTD 1927. ‘CHARLES FIX’ BREWERY, MALT-HOUSE AND ICE PRODUCING COMPA NY LTD 1927. MACEDONIAN HOTELS LTD 1928. COMMERCIAL UNION OF THESSALONIKI LTD 1929. ‘TORRES’ JUTE FACTORY LTD 1929. ICE-MAKING AND REFRIGERATION COMPANY OF KAVALLA LTD 1929. FLOUR MILLS G. CHADJI YAN NA KI LTD 1929. MACEDONIAN COTTON INDUSTRY LTD 1931. MACEDONIAN NAIL AND WIRE FACTORY LTD 1931. MARITIME AND COMMERCIAL COMPANY LTD 1931. HELLENIC FLOOD CONTROL TECHNICAL COMPANY LTD 1932. NIKOGLOU YEAST COMPA NY LTD 1932. NATIONAL LOAN FOR MOUNT ATHOS 1934.‘AL VION’ COMMERCIAL COMPANY FOR THE IMPORTATION OF WOOLLEN FABRICS LTD 1934.‘FLO KA’ CHOCOLATE AND CONFECTIONERY MANUFACTURERS LTD 1935.‘GEKA’ GENERAL HOSE MANUFACTURE FACTORY LTD 1935. COMMERCIAL HOUSE OF ZI SIS I. VERROU LTD 1935. MAK RIS & CO. COM MER CIAL FAB RICS COM PA NY 1935. ‘OLYM PI AS’ FO REST RY EN TER PRIS ES LTD 1935. ‘ES DERS’ TO BAC CO COM MER CIAL COM PA NY LTD 1935. I.N. MAN DRI NOS GEN ER AL TRAD ING AND REP RE SEN TA TION LTD 1935. PRO CURE MENT AND CON SU MER CO-OPERATIVE OF THES SAL ONI KI BANK EM PLOY EES 1936. V. MOURT ZO POU LOS COM MER CIAL FAB RIC COM PA 1936. A. MICHAILIDIS TOBACCO COMPANY 1936. POW ER COM PA NY OF DRA MA LTD 1936. IN DUS TRI AL COM PA NY OF DRA MA LTD 1936. ‘MA TA CO’ TO BAC CO TRAD ING COM PA NY LTD 1936. ‘MAK ER’ MAC EDO NIAN WOOL IN DUS TRY LTD 1936. TO BAC CO TRAD ING COM PA NY OF NORTH ERN GREECE (AKVE LTD) 1937. BANK OF VE RIA LTD 1937. M. PA PAN DRE OPOU LOI BROTH ERS STARCH AND DEX TROSE IN DUS TRY LTD 1938. ‘SIZAL’ ROPE MANUFACTURING COMPANY LTD 1939. FLO KA CON FEC TION ER IES LTD 1940. ‘MAC EDO NIA’ GREEK TO BAC CO COM PA NY LTD SOURCE OF ILLUSTRATIONS - BIBLIOGRAPHY
£49.50
City University of Hong Kong Press Fading Neon Lights: An Archive of Hong Kong's
Book SynopsisThe book explores the inter-related components of neon signs, including each sign's unique visual aesthetic and design, the history of craftsmanship and training, and how the streetscape relates to Hong Kong's consumer culture.This book is suitable for the readers who are interested in Hong Kong history and culture, since it documents Hong Kong's neon signs whilst taking on a historical,socio-cultural, and contextual study of visual culture around the city.
£46.80
World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd Making Of An Economic Superpower, The: Unlocking
Book SynopsisThe rise of China is no doubt one of the most important events in world economic history since the Industrial Revolution. Mainstream economics, especially the institutional theory of economic development based on a dichotomy of extractive vs. inclusive political institutions, is highly inadequate in explaining China's rise. This book argues that only a radical reinterpretation of the history of the Industrial Revolution and the rise of the West (as incorrectly portrayed by the institutional theory) can fully explain China's growth miracle and why the determined rise of China is unstoppable despite its current 'backward' financial system and political institutions. Conversely, China's spectacular and rapid transformation from an impoverished agrarian society to a formidable industrial superpower sheds considerable light on the fundamental shortcomings of the institutional theory and mainstream 'blackboard' economic models, and provides more-accurate reevaluations of historical episodes such as Africa's enduring poverty trap despite radical political and economic reforms, Latin America's lost decades and frequent debt crises, 19th century Europe's great escape from the Malthusian trap, and the Industrial Revolution itself.
£33.25
NUS Press Workers and Democracy: The Indonesian Labour
Book SynopsisThis book is a study of workers activism and labour unions in the eight years between the recognition of Indonesian sovereignty by the Netherlands at the end of December 1949 and the nationalisation of Dutch assets in December 1957. It contributes to a re-evaluation of the era of liberal parliamentary democracy in Indonesia. The focus is on the agency of workers and the structures, strategies and industrial campaigns of unions in the context of intense ideological conflict, competing union federations, the opposition of employers to collective action and the efforts by the Indonesian state to manage industrial conflict. The imposition of martial law in March 1957 was the deathblow to parliamentary democracy and to the freedom of workers and unions to engage in collective action. It was not until Suharto's 'New Order' regime collapsed in 1998 that Indonesian workers regained the freedom of association and the right to engage incollective action.
£26.31
World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd Locating The Industrial Revolution: Inducement
Book SynopsisThe familiar industrialisation of northern England and less familiar de-industrialisation of the south are shown to have depended on a common process. Neither rise nor decline resulted from differences in natural resource endowments, since they began before the use of coal and steam in manufacturing. Instead, political certainty, competitive ideology and Enlightenment optimism encouraged investment in transport and communications. This integrated the national market, intensifying competition between regions and altering economic distributions. Despite a dysfunctional landed system, agricultural innovation meant that the south's comparative advantage shifted towards the farm sector. Meanwhile its manufactures slowly declined. Once industry clustered in the less benign northern environment, technological changes in manufacturing accumulated there.This book portrays the Industrial Revolution as deriving from economic competition within unique political arrangements.Table of ContentsIntroduction:The View from Little England;; Deindustrialisation: Southern England:The Anomaly of the South;Scarce Resources?;Possible Explanations;Further Possibilities;Prosperity, Poverty & Bourgeois Values;Deindustrialisation and the Landed System;; Economic Change:Politics and Ideas;Transport and Marketing;The Pace of Change;; Industrialisation:North & South;; Guide to Further Reading;
£53.20
World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd Making Of An Economic Superpower, The: Unlocking
Book SynopsisThe rise of China is no doubt one of the most important events in world economic history since the Industrial Revolution. Mainstream economics, especially the institutional theory of economic development based on a dichotomy of extractive vs. inclusive political institutions, is highly inadequate in explaining China's rise. This book argues that only a radical reinterpretation of the history of the Industrial Revolution and the rise of the West (as incorrectly portrayed by the institutional theory) can fully explain China's growth miracle and why the determined rise of China is unstoppable despite its current 'backward' financial system and political institutions. Conversely, China's spectacular and rapid transformation from an impoverished agrarian society to a formidable industrial superpower sheds considerable light on the fundamental shortcomings of the institutional theory and mainstream 'blackboard' economic models, and provides more-accurate reevaluations of historical episodes such as Africa's enduring poverty trap despite radical political and economic reforms, Latin America's lost decades and frequent debt crises, 19th century Europe's great escape from the Malthusian trap, and the Industrial Revolution itself.Table of ContentsIntroduction; Key Steps Taken by China to Set-Off an Industrial Revolution; Shedding Light on the Nature and Cause of the Industrial Revolution; Why is China's Rise Unstoppable?; What Is Wrong with the Washington Consensus and the Institutional Theories?; Case Study of Yong Lian: A Poor Village's Path to Becoming a Modern Steel Town; Conclusion;
£94.50
Information Age Publishing Management Consulting in the Era of the Digital
Book SynopsisThe 4th Industrial Revolution is well underway. Our lives are changing at an exponential rate, resulting in a multi-faceted, deeply interconnected world. The digital revolution is integrating multiple technologies, which is leading to unprecedented paradigm shifts in the economy, management, and society. Entire systems across countries, industries, and societies are being transformed, triggering a transformation that is unlike anything humankind has ever experienced.Given the confluence of dramatic changes in organizational life, triggering emerging technology breakthroughs such as robotics, the internet of things, biotechnology, materials science, data science and big data, and quantum computing, this volume of the Research in Management Consulting series explores how the research and practice of management consulting is unfolding in a new era of profound shifts in the way researchers and consultants sense, think, and act.The authors of this volume bring both to scholars and practitioners the latest discussions of efforts to understand consulting in organizations amplified by the fusion of technologies across physical, digital, and biological worlds. They also bring to light a movement from human supervised artificial intelligence systems to fully autonomous artificial intelligence systems that have the potential to demonstrate intelligence beyond uman capabilities.
£48.45
Information Age Publishing Management Consulting in the Era of the Digital
Book SynopsisThe 4th Industrial Revolution is well underway. Our lives are changing at an exponential rate, resulting in a multi-faceted, deeply interconnected world. The digital revolution is integrating multiple technologies, which is leading to unprecedented paradigm shifts in the economy, management, and society. Entire systems across countries, industries, and societies are being transformed, triggering a transformation that is unlike anything humankind has ever experienced.Given the confluence of dramatic changes in organizational life, triggering emerging technology breakthroughs such as robotics, the internet of things, biotechnology, materials science, data science and big data, and quantum computing, this volume of the Research in Management Consulting series explores how the research and practice of management consulting is unfolding in a new era of profound shifts in the way researchers and consultants sense, think, and act.The authors of this volume bring both to scholars and practitioners the latest discussions of efforts to understand consulting in organizations amplified by the fusion of technologies across physical, digital, and biological worlds. They also bring to light a movement from human supervised artificial intelligence systems to fully autonomous artificial intelligence systems that have the potential to demonstrate intelligence beyond uman capabilities.
£86.70
