Industrial chemistry and chemical engineering Books

Book SynopsisSustainable process engineering is a methodology to design new and redesign existing processes that follow the principles of green chemistry and green engineering, and ultimately contribute to a sustainable development. The newest achievements of chemical engineering, opened new opportunities to design more efficient, safe, compact and environmentally benign chemical processes. The book provides a guide to sustainable process design applicable in various industrial fields. • Discusses the topic from a wide angle: chemistry, materials, processes, and equipment.　　 • Includes state-of-the-art research achievements that are yet to be industrially implemented.　　 • Transfers knowledge between chemists and chemical engineers. • QR codes direct the readers to animations, short videos, magazines, and blogs on specific topics • Worked examples deepen the understanding of the sustainable assessment of chemical manufacturing processes

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Book SynopsisTypical timelines to go from discovery to impact in the advanced materials sector are between 10 to 30 years. Advances in robotics and artificial intelligence are poised to accelerate the discovery and development of new materials dramatically. This book is a primer for any materials scientist looking to future-proof their careers and get ahead of the disruption that artificial intelligence and robotic automation is just starting to unleash. It is meant to be an overview of how we can use these disruptive technologies to augment and supercharge our abilities to discover new materials that will solve world’s biggest challenges. Written by world leading experts on accelerated materials discovery from academia (UC Berkeley, Caltech, UBC, Cornell, etc.), industry (Toyota Research Institute, Citrine Informatics) and national labs (National Research Council of Canada, Lawrence Berkeley National Labs).

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Book SynopsisMany elements and inorganic compounds play an extraordinary role in daily life for numerous applications, e. g., construction materials, inorganic pigments, inorganic coatings, steel, glass, technical gases, energy storage and conversion materials, fertilizers, homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts, photofunctional materials, semiconductors, superconductors, soft- and hard magnets, technical ceramics, hard materials, or biomedical and bioactive materials. The present book is written by experienced authors who give a comprehensive overview on the many chemical and physico-chemical aspects related to application of inorganic compounds and materials in order to introduce senior undergraduate and postgraduate students (chemists, physicists, materials scientists, engineers) into this broad field. Volume 1 covers construction materials, coatings, metals, intermetallics, technical glasses and technical gases. Vol. 2. From Energy Storage to Photofunctional Materials. Vol. 3. From Magnetic to Bioactive Materials.

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Book SynopsisMany elements and inorganic compounds play an extraordinary role in daily life for numerous applications, e. g., construction materials, inorganic pigments, inorganic coatings, steel, glass, technical gases, energy storage and conversion materials, fertilizers, homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts, photofunctional materials, semiconductors, superconductors, soft- and hard magnets, technical ceramics, hard materials, or biomedical and bioactive materials. The present book is written by experienced authors who give a comprehensive overview on the many chemical and physico-chemical aspects related to application of inorganic compounds and materials in order to introduce senior undergraduate and postgraduate students (chemists, physicists, materials scientists, engineers) into this broad field. Volume 3 presents electronic, magnetic, biomedical, carbon- and sulfur-based materials and ceramics. Vol. 1. From Construction Materials to Technical Gases. Vol. 2. From Energy Storage to Photofunctional Materials.

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Book SynopsisChemistry of High-Energy Materials continues in this new and revised 6th edition to provide fundamental scientifi c insights into primary and secondary explosives, propellants, rocket fuels and pyrotechnics. It expands with new research developments, including new melt casts, reactive structure materials, a computational study on the detonation velocity of mixtures of solid explosives with non-explosive liquids, calculation of craters after explosions. This work is of interest to advanced students in chemistry, materials science and engineering, as well as to all those working in military and defense technology.

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Book SynopsisThe book provides a complete overview on inorganic pigments and their use in coatings, plastics, printing, cosmetic, and construction industries. Each chapter introduces a certain class of pigment in respect of fundamentals, manufacture, properties and toxicology and thus being very valuable for color chemists, materials scientists and specialists for pigment applications. The readers will benefit from a concise and well-structured text, numerous examples and figures, and a variety of questions for self-control.

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Book SynopsisThe book describes on an introductory level the designing of chemical processes and products so as to reduce or eliminate the use or production of toxic or hazards substances. It explains the code of conduct meant to reduce the environmental impact of any chemical process, whether at laboratory scale or industrial scale. The synonyms of Green Chemistry are the Sustainable Chemistry or the low-environmental-impact Chemistry.

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Book SynopsisThis textbook introduces the elementary basics of hydrochemistry with special focus on reaction equilibria in aquatic systems and their mathematical description. Topics discussed in this textbook include: structure and properties of water, concentration measures and activities, colligative properties, basics of chemical equilibria, gas-water partitioning, acid/base reactions, precipitation/dissolution, calco-carbonic equilibrium, redox reactions, complex formation, and sorption. Examples within the text as well as problems to be solved by the reader support the acquisition of knowledge. Complete and detailed solutions to the problems are given in a separate chapter.

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Book SynopsisBrings your chemistry curriculum to life. Along with the first volume „Industrial Chemistry“ (978-3-11-067106-3) it explains major chemical processes performed by industry and looks at how transformations affect the quality of our lives. It examines how necessary products are developed and marketed, while also discussing the various types of waste byproducts and shows practices in which many industries have made strides to improve or „green“ specific chemical processes.

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Book SynopsisThis book covers techniques in the chemical laboratory and safety procedures that are crucial to making the laboratory a safe workplace. The book is divided into two sections, the 1st comprehensively covering safety protocols in a chemical laboratory and the 2nd detailing important techniques to master. This book can be utilized by graduate students, laboratory technicians, and laboratory chemists.

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Book SynopsisMany elements and inorganic compounds play an extraordinary role in daily life for numerous applications, e. g., construction materials, inorganic pigments, inorganic coatings, steel, glass, technical gases, energy storage and conversion materials, fertilizers, homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts, photofunctional materials, semiconductors, superconductors, soft- and hard magnets, technical ceramics, hard materials, or biomedical and bioactive materials. The present book is written by experienced authors who give a comprehensive overview on the many chemical and physico-chemical aspects related to application of inorganic compounds and materials in order to introduce senior undergraduate and postgraduate students (chemists, physicists, materials scientists, engineers) into this broad field. Volume 2 discusses energy storage, ionic solids, catalytic materials and photofunctional materials. Vol. 1. From Construction Materials to Technical Gases. Vol. 3. From Magnetic to Bioactive Materials.

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Book SynopsisDieses technologische Buch behandelt Produktions- und Herstellverfahren, die in der industriellen Oberflächentechnik eingesetzt werden. Es wird das Wissen dargestellt, das der Praktiker über die Fertigungsendstufe Oberflächentechnik benötigt. Dabei stehen weniger die wissenschaftlichen Grundlagen als vielmehr die notwendigen Praxiskenntnisse im Vordergrund.Trade Review"Wenn ein Fachbuch zu einem eher speziellen technischen Thema in so kurzer Zeit - die erste Auflage erschien 1995- bereits in dritter Auflage vorliegt, dann hat der Autor nicht nur einen dringenden Bedarf richtig erkannt, er konnte auch die richtige Antwort darauf geben." Maschinenmarkt 105/(8/99)35; Betriebstechnik 9/99 "Der Autor gibt mit dem Buch einen umfassenden Überblick über die oberflächentechnischen Verfahren, die in der Produktion eines metallverarbeitenden Betriebes eingesetzt werden." Maschinenmarkt 105/(1999)35Table of ContentsMechanische Verfahren der Oberflächentechnik - Oberflächenbehandlung durch Strahlmittel - Öle und Fette in der Industrie - Reinigen und Entfetten - Phosphatieren - Chromatierverfahren und Brünierungen - Beizen und Entrosten - Spültechnik nach Vorbehandlungen - Wassertrockner - Angewandte Vorbehandlungsverfahren - Auftragsschichten - Organische Beschichtungen: Farbe und Lack - Das Emaillieren - Chemisches Metallisieren - Galvanisches Metallisieren - Schmelztauchschichten - Diffusionsschichten - Metallische Dickschichten - Dünnschichttechnologie - Chemische und anodische Oxidschichtbildung bei Aluminium - Behandlungsgerechtes Konstruieren - Korrosion metallischer Oberflächen - Reibung und Verschleiß - Grundzüge der Abwasserbehandlung im oberflächentechnischen Betrieb - Beschichtungsfehler und ihre Ursachen - Umweltschutz - Die wichtigsten DIN-Vorschriften

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Book SynopsisSmall structural modifications can significantly affect the pharmacokinetic properties of drug candidates. This book, written by a medicinal chemist for medicinal chemists, is a comprehensive guide to the pharmacokinetic impact of functional groups, the pharmacokinetic optimization of drug leads, and an exhaustive collection of pharmacokinetic data, arranged according to the structure of the drug, not its target or indication. The historical origins of most drug classes and general aspects of modern drug discovery and development are also discussed. The index contains all the drug names and synonyms to facilitate the location of any drug or functional group in the book.This compact working guide provides a wealth of information on the ways small structural modifications affect the pharmacokinetic properties of organic compounds, and offers plentiful, fact-based inspiration for the development of new drugs. This book is mainly aimed at medicinal chemists, but may also be of interest to graduate students in chemical or pharmaceutical sciences, preparing themselves for a job in the pharmaceutical industry, and to healthcare professionals in need of pharmacokinetic data.Table of ContentsPART I: Introduction THE DRUG DISCOVERY PROCESS Pharmacokinetics - Structure Relationship The Future of Small-Molecule Drugs LEAD OPTIMIZATION What Limits/Reduces Oral Bioavailability? What Limits/Reduces Plasma Half-Life? How to Improve bbb-Penetration? How to Avoid CYP Inhibition/Induction? How to Avoid Interaction with the HumanEther-'a-go-go-Related Gene (hERG)? How to Prevent Toxicity? Examples of PK-Optimization in Animals PART II: The Pharmacokinetic Properties of Compound Classes ALKANES Metabolism ALKENES AND ALKYNES Metabolism ARENES Metabolism HALIDES Fluorine Chlorine Bromine Iodine Alkylating Agents AZIDES NITRO COMPOUNDS Metabolism AZO COMPOUNDS TRIAZENES NITRATES AND NITRITES N-NITROSO COMPOUNDS N-OXIDES ALCOHOLS Metabolism PHENOLS ETHERS Metabolism EPOXIDES PEROXIDES THIOLS THIOETHERS Metabolism SULFOXIDES SULFONES ALIPHATIC AMINES Basicity Metabolism Rates of N-Dealkylation QUATERNARY AMMONIUM SALTS AMIDINES GUANIDINES, ACYLGUANIDINES, AND BIGUANIDES Acylguanidines Biguanides ANILINES Metabolism HYDRAZINES, ACYLHYDRAZINES, AND HYDRAZONES ALDEHYDES KETONES CARBOXYLIC ACIDS Metabolism Bioisosteres of Carboxylic Acids Amino Carboxylic Acids, N-Acyl Amino Acids, and Related Compounds CARBOXYLIC ESTERS AMIDES LACTAMS AND IMIDES Pyrazolone Antipyretics Five-Membered Lactams as Nootropics NITRILES CARBONATES CARBAMATES Carbamates as Hypnotics UREAS THIOCARBONYL COMPOUNDS SULFONIC ACIDS SULFONIC ESTERS SULFATES AND SULFAMIC ACIDS PHOSPHONIC ACIDS PHOSPHORIC ACID DERIVATIVES N-(AMINOALKYL)BENZAMIDES, -BENZOATES, AND RELATED COMPOUNDS ARYLALKYLAMINES Antihistaminics: History PHENETHYLAMINES (2-PHENYLETHYLAMINES) Biological Activity of Phenethylamines Metabolism Tetrahydroisochinolines and Related Compounds AMINOALKYLINDOLES AND INDOLE ALKALOIDS PHENOTHIAZINES Metabolism DIBENZAZEPINES AND RELATED TRICYCLIC COMPOUNDS 3-ARYLOXY-2-HYDROXYPROPYLAMINES (B-ADRENERGIC ANTAGONISTS; 'B-BLOCKERS') Metabolism OPIATES N-(CARBOXYALKYL)-a-AMINO ACID AMIDES (PRILS) ANILIDES AND AMIDES OF GLYCINE PEPTIDES, PEPTIDOMIMETICS, AND RELATED OLIGOAMIDES Peptidomimetics Thrombin Inhibitors and Related Compounds OLIGOARYLAMINES, OLIGOARYLAMIDES, OLIGOARYLCARBAMATES, AND OLIGOARYLUREAS IMIDAZOLES TRIAZOLES PYRIDINES, PYRIMIDINES, AND RELATED COMPOUNDS Proton Pump Inhibitors QUINOLINES Tecans Quinazolines NUCLEOSIDE ANALOGS DIHYDROPYRIDINES ARENESULFONAMIDES Antibacterials Diuretics SULFONYLUREAS BENZODIAZEPINES STEROIDS ANTHRACYCLINES ARYLACETIC, BENZOIC, AND RELATED CARBOXYLIC ACIDS (NSAIDS) Salicylates QUINOLONECARBOXYLIC ACIDS (GYRASE INHIBITORS) B-LACTAMS Cephalosporins PROSTAGLANDIN ANALOGS SARTANS STATINS FOLIC ACID ANALOGS (ANTIFOLATES) TAXANES MACROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS

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Book SynopsisThe unrivaled, definitive reference for almost 40 years, this classic work on explosives is now in its seventh, completely revised and updated edition. Some 500 monographic entries, arranged alphabetically, consider the physicochemical properties, production methods, and safe applications of over 120 explosive chemicals. In addition, 70 fuels, additives, and oxidizing agents are discussed as well as the corresponding test methods. Trade, company, and military short names are provided for many of the materials listed, while further key features include a combined index and glossary with terms and abbreviations in English, French, and German, as well as conversion tables and many literature references. Finally, this indispensable source also contains safety data and transport regulations.Table of ContentsAround 500 alphabetically ordered, monographic entries related to the area of explosives.

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Book SynopsisThe Physics of Polymers presents the elements of this important segment of material science, focusing on concepts above experimental techniques and theoretical methods. Written for graduate students of physics, material science and chemical engineering and for researchers working with polymers in academia and industry, the book introduces and discusses the basic phenomena which lead to the peculiar physical properties of polymeric systems. The revised and expanded Third Edition includes a new chapter dealing with conjugated polymers, explaining the physical basis of the characteristic electro-optic response, and the spectacular electrical conduction properties of conjugated polymers created by doping.Trade ReviewFrom the reviews: "Physicists wanting to learn about the fundamentals of polymers would find the book very interesting and informative." IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine From Amazom.com reviews -- "5 Stars surely this book is excellent", January 11, 2005 "For graduate students in polymer science, especially polymer physics, I always have two books to recommend: Polymer Physics by Rubinstein and Colby, and this book by Strobl." "5 Stars A comprehensive polymer physics book!", January 2, 2003 "This is a comprehensive polymer physics book, each chapter is well written with adequate depth of coverage. Most definitely the book one must pick to delve into dynamics, thermodynamics, scattering and crystallization, and get to the level of appreciating the complexity and beauty of current research and understanding in the field of polymer physics. Highly recommended"Table of ContentsConstitution and Architecture of Chains.- Single Chain Conformations.- Polymer Solutions.- Polymer Blends and Block Copolymers.- The Semicrystalline State.- Mechanical and Dielectric Response.- Conjugated Polymers.- Microscopic Dynamics.- Non-Linear Mechanics.- Deformation, Yielding and Fracture.

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Book SynopsisMembranverfahren sind unentbehrlich für Wasser-, Lebensmittel- und Medizintechnik. Mit hohen Wachstumsraten in Umweltschutz und Chemie gehören sie zu den Schlüsseltechnologien des 21. Jahrhunderts. "Bei Rautenbach nachlesen", sagen Praktiker übereinstimmend, wenn es um die konkrete Anwendung, einen Verfahrensvergleich, Pilotversuche oder die Interpretation geht. Die 3. Auflage behält die erfolgreiche Kombination von Handbuch und Lehrbuch bei.Trade ReviewAus den Rezensionen zur 3. Auflage: "… In der Überarbeitung zur vorliegenden Auflage wurde der aktuelle Stand der Forschung in einer detaillierten, aber dennoch gut überblickbaren Form eingearbeitet. Neue Entwicklungen werden aufgezeigt und kritisch diskutiert. Der Umfang des Werks zeigt, dass sich Membranverfahren in einer aufstrebenden Entwicklung befinden und die Vielfalt der möglichen Anwendungen ständig zunimmt. Da alle Verfahren mit diffusem als auch konvektivem Stofftransport theoretisch und praxisbezogen behandelt werden, bleibt das Buch für den Wissenschaftler als auch für den Anwender ein Standardwerk." (Norbert Weissenbacher, in: Österreichische Wasser- und Abfallwirtschaft, 2007, Vol. 59, Issue 11-12, S. a39)Table of ContentsMembranprozesse - Triebkräfte und Transportwiderstände.- Membranen — Strukturen, Werkstoffe und Herstellung.- Modellierung des Stofftransportes in Membranen.- Stoffaustausch an Membranen.- Modulkonstruktionen.- Anlagenentwurf und Modulanordnung.- 7 Kosten.- Umkehrosmose.- Nanofiltration.- Ultrafiltration und Mikrofiltration.- Elektrodialyse.- Pervaporation / Dampfpermeation.- Gaspermeation.- Membrankontaktoren.- Membranreaktoren.

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Book SynopsisDas Buch beschäftigt sich mit den Grundlagen des Lasereinsatzes zum Veredeln von Metalloberflächen und liefert ein tiefes Verständnis der Zusammenhänge. Die Beiarbeitungsvorgänge in der festen und flüssigen Phase sowie das Rapid Prototyping werden anhand von Beispielen erläutert. Zur Wärmeleitung sind Diagramme enthalten, die ein schnelles Abschätzen ermöglichen und komplizierte Rechnungen überflüssig machen. Die erforderlichen Anlagen und Systemtechnik werden erläutert. Das Buch orientiert sich am Einsatz von Hochleistungs-CO2- und Nd:YAG-Lasern.Table of Contents1 Einleitung.- 2 Prinzip der Oberflächenbehandlung durch Laserstrahlung.- 2.1 Das Verfahrensprinzip.- 2.2 Laserstrahlquellen.- 2.3 Bearbeitungsanlagen.- 3 Allgemeine Grundlagen.- 3.1 Strahlausbreitung und Strahlformung.- 3.1.1 Strahlausbreitung.- 3.1.2 Strahlfokussierung.- 3.1.3 Strahlformungsoptiken.- 3.2 Strahlungsabsorption.- 3.2.1 Absorption an Metalloberflächen.- 3.2.2 Absorption an Deckschichten.- 3.3 Wärmeleitung.- 3.3.1 Verschiedene Wärmequellen.- 3.3.2 Diagramme zur Wärmeleitung.- 4 Bearbeitung in der festen Phase.- 4.1 Umwandlungshärten.- 4.1.1 Das Verf ahrensprinzip.- 4.1.2 Umwandlungskinetik von Eisenwerkstoffen.- 4.1.3 Eigenspannungen.- 4.1.4 Beispiele zum Umwandlungshärten.- 4.2 Rekristallisieren.- 4.2.1 Das Verfahrensprinzip.- 4.2.2 Anwendungsbeispiel.- 4.3 Umformen mit Laserstrahlung.- 4.3.1 DIN-Einordnung.- 4.3.2 Das Verfahrensprinzip.- 4.3.2.1 Umformung ohne elastische Vorspannung.- 4.3.3.2 Umformung mit elastischer Vorspannung.- 4.3.3 Prozeßführung beim Umformen mit Laserstrahlung.- 4.3.4 Ergebnisse des Umformprozesses.- 4.3.4.1 Oberflächenqualität.- 4.4 Behandlung von Elektroblech.- 4.4.1 Das Verfahrensprinzip.- 4.4.2 Anwendungsbeispiel.- 5 Berbeitung in der flüssigen Phase.- 5.1 Umschmelzen.- 5.1.1 Das Verfahren.- 5.1.2 Schmelzbewegung.- 5.1.3 Schutzgase.- 5.1.4 Anwendungsbeispiele.- 5.2 Legieren.- 5.2.1 Das Verfahren.- 5.2.2 Materialzufuhr.- 5.2.3 Anwendungsbeispiele.- 5.3 Dispergieren.- 5.3.1 Das Verfahren.- 5.3.2 Anwendungsbeispiele.- 5.4 Beschichten.- 5.4.1 Das Verfahren.- 5.4.2 Anwendungsbeispiele.- 6 Rapid-Prototyping.- 6.1 Prototypen aus nichtmetallischen Werkstoffen.- 6.1.1 Stereolithographie (SL).- 6.1.2 Selektives Lasersintern (SLS).- 6.1.3 Laminated Object Manufacturing (LOM).- 6.1.4 Nicht lasergestützte RP-Verfahren.- 6.1.4.1 Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM).- 6.1.4.2 Solid Ground Curing (SGC).- 6.2 Prototypen aus metallischen Werkstoffen-Rapid Metal Prototyping.- 6.2.1 Konventionelle Verfahren.- 6.2.2 Abform- und Folgeprozesse.- 6.2.3 Direkte Erzeugung metallischer Prototypen.- 6.2.3.1 Selektives Lasersintern (SLS).- 6.2.3.2 Laserstrahlgenerieren (LG).- 6.2.3.3 Weitere Verfahren.- 6.3 Umwandlung von 3D-CAD-Daten in Maschinendatensätze.- 6.3.1 Generierung von 3D-CAD-Daten.- 6.3.2 Datenaufbereitung.- 6.4 Zusammenfassung und Ausblick.- Anhang A Stereolithographie.- Anhang B Laserstrahlgenerieren.- Nomenklatur.- Sachwortverzeichnis.

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Book SynopsisBelieved to be a publishing first when originally brought out, this book covers all aspects of centrifugal gas cleaning devices. These are cyclones used as gas-solid separators for dedusting and as gas-liquid separators for demisting. The optimization of cyclone performance for any given task is a sought-after goal – but it is one that is seldom achieved in practice. This second edition will help mechanical and chemical engineers to achieve this optimization.Table of ContentsBasic Ideas.- How Cyclones Work.- Cyclone Flow Pattern and Pressure Drop.- Cyclone Separation Efficiency.- The Muschelknautz Method of Modeling.- Computational Fluid Dynamics.- Dimensional Analysis and Scaling Rules.- Other Factors Influencing Performance.- Measurement Techniques.- Underflow Configurations and Considerations.- Some Special Topics.- Demisting Cyclones.- Foam-Breaking Cyclones.- Design Aspects.- Multicyclone Arrangements.

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Book SynopsisThe quantity and composition of aroma and avour compounds in foods and food products exert a marked in uence on the consumer acceptance and, consequently, on the commercial value of the products. It has been established many times that one of the main properties employed for the evaluation of the product quality is the avour, that is, an adequate avour composition considerably enhances the m- ketability. Traditional analytical methods are generally unsuitable for the accurate determination of the quantity of this class of compounds. Moreover, they do not contain any useful information on the concentration of the individual substances and they are not suitable for their identi cation. As the stability of the aroma compounds and fragrances against hydrolysis, oxidation and other environmental and tech- logical conditions shows marked differences, the exact determination of the avour composition of a food or food product may help for the prediction of the she- life of products and the assessment of the in uence of technological steps on the aroma compounds resulting in more consumer-friendly processing methods. Furthermore, the qualitative determination and identi cation of these substances may contribute to the establishment of the provenance of the product facilitating the authenticity test. Because of the considerable commercial importance of avour composition, much effort has been devoted to the development of methods suitable for the separation and quantitative determination of avour compounds and f- grancesinfoodsandinotherindustrialproducts.Trade ReviewFrom the reviews:“It explains how aroma compounds and fragrances are analyzed with chromatography. Designed to help scientists decide on the appropriate method, it compares the various choices and offers extensive data tables.” (American Herb Association Quarterly, Vol. 25 (4), 2011)“If you are in the field of smells and taints, both pleasant and unpleasant, and have not the time or inclination to search the literature then this would be a useful book to have as a reference.” (Edward R. Adlard, Chromatographia, Vol. 73, 2011)Table of ContentsChromatography of Aroma Substances and Fragrances.- Food and Food Products.- Essential Oils.- Biological Effect.- Environmental Pollution.

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Book SynopsisThe Physics of Polymers presents the elements of this important segment of material science, focusing on concepts above experimental techniques and theoretical methods. Written for graduate students of physics, material science and chemical engineering and for researchers working with polymers in academia and industry, the book introduces and discusses the basic phenomena which lead to the peculiar physical properties of polymeric systems. The revised and expanded Third Edition includes a new chapter dealing with conjugated polymers, explaining the physical basis of the characteristic electro-optic response, and the spectacular electrical conduction properties of conjugated polymers created by doping.Trade ReviewFrom the reviews: "Physicists wanting to learn about the fundamentals of polymers would find the book very interesting and informative." IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine From Amazom.com reviews -- "5 Stars surely this book is excellent", January 11, 2005 "For graduate students in polymer science, especially polymer physics, I always have two books to recommend: Polymer Physics by Rubinstein and Colby, and this book by Strobl." "5 Stars A comprehensive polymer physics book!", January 2, 2003 "This is a comprehensive polymer physics book, each chapter is well written with adequate depth of coverage. Most definitely the book one must pick to delve into dynamics, thermodynamics, scattering and crystallization, and get to the level of appreciating the complexity and beauty of current research and understanding in the field of polymer physics. Highly recommended"Table of ContentsConstitution and Architecture of Chains.- Single Chain Conformations.- Polymer Solutions.- Polymer Blends and Block Copolymers.- The Semicrystalline State.- Mechanical and Dielectric Response.- Conjugated Polymers.- Microscopic Dynamics.- Non-Linear Mechanics.- Deformation, Yielding and Fracture.

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Book SynopsisThe recently published book by the author, "Engineering Heat Transfer", already dealt with exact computation of heat exchangers and tube banks. In design c- putationthisisaccomplishedviacorrectivefactors;thelattermakesitpossibleto compute the actual mean temperature difference by starting from the logarithmic onerelativeto?uidsinparallel?oworcounter?ow. As far as veri?cation computation is concerned, corrective factors were int- ducedtocomputeacertaincharacteristicfactorcorrectly,asisfundamentalforthis typeofcomputation. Basedontheabove,theauthordecidedtoinvestigatefurther,re?ne,andwiden thistopic:theoutcomeofthisworkhasresultedinthishandbook. Newtypesofexchangerswereexamined;thecalculationwasre?nedtoproduce practicallyexactvaluesforthefactors. Thescopeoftheinvestigationwasincreased by widening the range of the starting factors. Furthermore, a greater number of valuestobeincludedinthetableswasconsidered. Finally,afewcharacteristicsof certainvaluesofthecorrectivefactorswerehighlighted. The?rstsectionisanintroduction;itsummarizesthefundamentalcriteriaofheat transferandproceedstoillustratethebehaviorof?uidsinbothparallelandcounter ?ow. Italsoshowshowtocomputethemeanisobaricspeci?cheatforsome? uids; itillustratesthesigni?canceofdesigncomputationandveri?cationcomputation. In addition,itillustrateshowtoproceedwithheatexchangersandtubebankstocarry outbothdesignandveri?cationcomputationcorrectly. AppendixAthenincludes36tablesasareferencefordesigncomputation,The tablescontainthecorrectivefactorsrequiredtoobtaintheactualmeantemperature differencebystartingfromthemeanlogarithmictemperaturedifferencerelativeto ?uidsinparallel?oworcounter?ow. Finally, Appendix B includes 35 tables for veri?cation computation. As far as heatexchangers areconcerned, itshowsthevaluesoffactor ? whichisrequired forthistypeofcomputation. Thevaluesofthecorrectivefactorsforcoilsandtube banksarealsopresented. Milano,Italy DonatelloAnnaratone v Notation c=speci?cheat(J/kgK) d=diameter(m) E=ef?ciencyfactor h=enthalpy(kJ/kg) k=thermalconductivity(W/mK) M=mass?owrate(kg/s) m=massmoisturepercentage(%) q=heatpertimeunit(W) 2 S=surface(m ) ? t=temperature( C) 2 U=overallheattransfercoef?cient(W/m K) x=thickness(m) 2 ? =heattransfercoef?cient(W/m K) ? =characteristicfactor ? =characteristicfactor ? =ef?ciency ? =correctivefactor ? =correctivefactor ? =characteristicfactor ? ?t =temperaturedifference( C) vii viii Notation Superscripts =heating?uid =heated?uid Subscripts c=counter?ow e=exchanger i=inside l=logarithmic m=mean o=outside p=constantpressure(isobaric),parallel?ow w=wall 1=inlet(forheatingorheated?uid) 2=outlet(forheatingorheated?uid) Contents 1 Introduction to Computation ...1 1. 1 GeneralConsiderations ...1 1. 2 MeanIsobaricSpeci?cHeat ...3 1. 2. 1 WaterandSuperheatedSteam ...4 1. 2. 2 AirandOtherGases...4 2 Design Computation...7 2. 1 Introduction ...7 2. 2 FluidsinParallelFloworinCounterFlow ...8 2. 3 TheMeanDifferenceinTemperatureinReality ...12 2. 3. 1 FluidsinCrossFlow...14 2. 3. 2 HeatExchangers...15 2. 3. 3 Coils...19 2. 3. 4 TubeBankswithVariousPassagesoftheExternalFluid . 21 3 Veri?cation Computation ...25 3. 1 Introduction ...25 3. 2 FluidsinParallelFloworinCounterFlow ...25 3. 3 Factor?inRealCases...33 3. 3. 1 FluidswithCrossFlow ...Table of Contentsto Computation.- Design Computation.- Verification Computation.

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Book SynopsisDieses als Kompendium konzipierte Buch - mit Lehrbuchcharakter - vermittelt das Grundwissen über die äußere Beschaffenheit sowie die chemischen, physikochemischen und physikalischen Eigenschaften textiler Faserstoffe. Es ist in erster Linie für Ingenieure und Technologen gedacht, die mit der Herstellung, Verarbeitung oder dem Einsatz textiler Faserstoffe maßgebend betraut sind. Für sie ist es unumgänglich, sich ausreichend mit der chemisch-strukturellen Beschaffenheit, den zahlreichen Eigenschaften sowie den Struktur-Eigenschafts-Beziehungen der Fasern zu befassen. Es wird jedoch auch dem Studenten des Textil- und Bekleidungsfaches das notwendige Rüstzeug für das Studium vermitteln. Die nach Eigenschaftsgruppen untergliederten Faserarten werden in zahlreichen Tabellen und Diagrammen einander gegenübergestellt. Dem Charakter des Nachschlagewerkes wird auch durch umfangreiche Literaturhinweise Rechnung getragen. Anwendungsbeispiele aus Forschung und industrieller Praxis sind zum besseren Verständnis eingeflochten. Dieses Kompendium wird sowohl dem angehenden wie dem bereits im Beruf stehenden Textiltechnologen, der in konkreten Verarbeitungssituationen und Einsatzfragen sachgerechte Entscheidungen fällen muß, von unschätzbarem Wert sein.Table of Contents1 Einleitung.- Literatur.- 2 Struktur der textilen Faserstoffe.- 2.1 Einführung.- 2.2 Molekulare Struktur.- 2.3 Übermolekulare Ordnungszustände.- 2.3.1 Intermolekulare Wechselwirkungen.- 2.3.2 Packungs- bzw. Faserdichte.- 2.3.3 Kristallinität.- 2.3.4 Orientierung.- 2.4 Strukturverhalten bei Temperatur- und Lösemitteleinwirkung.- 2.4.1 Glastemperatur.- 2.4.2 Schmelztemperatur — Schmelzverhalten von Polymeren.- 2.4.3 Löseverhalten der Polymere.- 2.4.4 Eigenschaften von Polymerschmelzen und -lösungen.- 2.5 Struktur und Färben.- 2.6 Betrachtungen zu Struktur-Eigenschafts-Beziehungen.- Literatur.- 3 Fasergeometrie.- 3.1 Länge.- 3.2 Kräuselung.- 3.3 Feinheit.- 3.4 Querschnitt.- 3.5 Eigenschaftsbeeinflussungen.- Literatur.- 4 Topographie und Oberflächeneigenschaften.- 4.1 Topographie.- 4.1.1 Mikroskopische Charakterisierung.- 4.1.2 Physikalisch-chemische Messungen.- 4.1.3 Zusammenhang zwischen Topographie und technologischen Fasereigenschaften.- 4.2 Oberflächenkräfte.- 4.2.1 Einteilung der Oberflächenkräfte.- 4.2.2 Charakterisierung der von den Oberflächen ausgehenden Wechselwirkungskräfte.- 4.2.3 Wechselwirkungskräfte an Fasern.- 4.2.4 Einfluß der Wechselwirkungskräfte auf das Verarbeitungs- und Gebrauchsverhalten.- Literatur.- 5 Mechanische Eigenschaften.- 5.1 Thermodynamische und rheologische Aspekte.- 5.2 Zugbeanspruchung.- 5.2.1 Zugfestigkeit und Dehnbarkeit.- 5.2.2 Kraft-Dehnungs-Diagramme.- 5.2.3 Elastisches Verhalten.- 5.2.4 Wechselzugbeanspruchungen.- 5.2.5 Einflüsse auf Festigkeit und Dehnung.- 5.2.6 Schrumpfverhalten nach Zugbeanspruchung.- 5.3 Biegebeanspruchungen.- 5.4 Druckbeanspruchungen.- 5.4.1 Druckbeanspruchung durch Walzen.- 5.4.2 Statische radiale Quetschbeanspruchung.- 5.4.3 Axialdruckbeanspruchung.- 5.5 Torsionsbeanspruchung.- 5.6 Scheuerbeanspruchung.- Literatur.- 6 Verhalten bei Feuchte- bzw. Wassereinwirkung.- 6.1 Definitionen.- 6.2 Sorptionsverhalten.- 6.3 Feuchteeinfluß auf die äußere Beschaffenheit.- 6.4 Feuchteeinfluß auf die physikalischen Eigenschaften.- 6.5 Feuchtetransport und Trocknung.- Literatur.- 7 Thermisches Verhalten.- 7.1 Thermische Kenngrößen.- 7.2 Eigenschaftsänderungen durch Wärmeeinwirkung.- 7.2.1 Mechanische Eigenschaften.- 7.2.2 Formbeständigkeit.- 7.3 Eigenschaftsveränderungen bei tiefen Temperaturen.- 7.4 Brennverhalten.- 7.5 Brennbarkeitsminderung.- Literatur.- 8 Verhalten bei Einwirkung ionisierender Strahlen.- 8.1 Strahlungsarten, Wechselwirkungen mit Materie.- 8.2 Strahlungsreaktionen an Polymeren.- 8.3 Eigenschaftsbeeinflussung von textilen Faserstoffen und Textilien durch strahlenchemisch initiierte Pfropfung.- Literatur.- 9 Elektrische Eigenschaften.- 9.1 Dielektrisches Verhalten.- 9.2 Widerstand bzw. Leitfähigkeit.- 9.3 Elektrostatische Aufladung.- Literatur.- 10 Gebrauchsminderung durch Alterung und biologische Einwirkungen.- 10.1 Bedeutung des Alterungsvorganges.- 10.2 Alterungsmechanismus.- 10.3 Einflüsse auf die Alterung.- 10.3.1 Wärmeeinwirkung.- 10.3.2 Feuchteeinwirkung.- 10.3.3 Luft- bzw. Sauerstoffeinwirkung.- 10.3.4 Optische und ionisierende Strahleneinwirkung.- 10.3.5 Mikroorganismeneinwirkung.- 10.3.6 Komplexe Umwelteinwirkung (Bewetterung).- 10.4 Insekten- und Kleintierschäden.- Literatur.- 11 Optische Eigenschaften.- 11.1 Physikalische Grundlagen.- 11.2 Wahrnehmungen der Wechselwirkung optischer Strahlen mit Fasern ohne Zustandsänderung.- 11.2.1 Farbe.- 11.2.2 Weißgrad.- 11.2.3 Glanz.- 11.2.4 Schmutzsichtbarkeit.- 11.2.5 Fluoreszenz.- 11.2.6 Lichtleitung.- 11.3 Zustandsänderungen von Fasern durch optische Strahlen.- 11.4 Zustandscharakterisierung mit elektromagnetischen Strahlen.- Literatur.- 12 Verhalten bei Einwirkung von Chemikalien sowie Faseridentifizierung.- 12.1 Einfluß der Struktur der Fasern auf ihr chemisches Verhalten.- 12.2 Faseridentifizierung.- Literatur.- Symbolverzeichnis.- Abkürzungsverzeichnis.- Anhang 1 Gültige und veraltete Feinheitssysteme sowie Umrechnungsbeziehungen.- Anhang 2 Umrechnung alter und neuer Maßeinheiten von Kräften.- Anhang 3 Umrechnung alter und neuer Maßeinheiten von Spannungen, Festigkeiten, Drücken.

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Book SynopsisA. Eigenschaften der Flüssiggase.- 1. Begriffserklärung für Flüssiggas.- 2. Gewinnung von Propan-Butan-Flüssiggas.- 3. Chemische Zusammensetzung und Struktur.- 4. Physikalische Eigenschaften.- 5. Sicherheitsmaßnahmen und Vorschriften.- B. Anwendung der Flüssiggase.- 1. Lagerung, Abfüllung und Transport.- 2. Der Druckregler.- 3. Flüssiggasverdampfer.- 4. Verwendung im Haushalt.- 5. Einsatz in Gaswerken zur zentralen Verteilung.- 6. Verwendung in der Industrie.- 7. Quellenangaben.Table of ContentsA. Eigenschaften der Flüssiggase.- 1. Begriffserklärung für Flüssiggas.- 2. Gewinnung von Propan-Butan-Flüssiggas.- a) Rohöldestillation.- b) Reformieren.- c) Cracken.- 3. Chemische Zusammensetzung und Struktur.- 4. Physikalische Eigenschaften.- a) Siedeverhalten.- b) Temperaturausdehnung der Flüssigkeit.- c) Verbrennungseigenschaften.- d) Zündverhalten.- e) Thermische Beständigkeit.- 5. Sicherheitsmaßnahmen und Vorschriften.- B. Anwendung der Flüssiggase.- 1. Lagerung, Abfüllung und Transport.- a) Entleerung mit Pendelleitung.- b) Entleerung mit beheizter Überlisterleitung.- c) Entleerung mittels Kompressors in der Gasphasenleitung.- 2. Der Druckregler.- 3. Flüssiggasverdampfer.- 4. Verwendung im Haushalt.- 5. Einsatz in Gaswerken zur zentralen Verteilung.- a) Verteilung von Flüssiggas in einem Rohrleitungssystem.- b) Verwendung von Flüssiggas-Luft-Mischungen.- c) Anwendung von Flüssiggas als Zusatz zum Stadtgas.- d) Reformierung von Flüssiggas.- 6. Verwendung in der Industrie.- a) Verwendung in Verbindung mit Sauerstoff.- Brennschneiden.- Fugenhobeln und Blockflämmen.- Schweißen von Nichteisenmetallen.- Hartlöten.- Aufspritzen von Metallen.- Anwärmen.- Entrosten.- Oberflächenhärten.- b) Schmelzen und Blasen von Glas.- c) Brennen von Feinporzellan.- d) Sengen (Glattbrennen) von Garnen.- e) Löten jeder Art.- f) Abbrennen von Farbe.- g) Beheizung von Härte- und Glühöfen.- h) Erzeugung von Schutzgas.- i) Betrieb von Wärmestrahlern.- k) Beleuchtung.- l) Aerosoldosen.- m) Entnebelung von Flughäfen.- n) Entsalzung von Meerwasser.- o) Schwimmbadbeheizung.- p) Pflanzenwuchsförderung durch Kohlensäure.- q) Unkrautvertilgung.- r) Das Brennstoffelement.- s) Weitere Anwendungsgebiete.- 7. Quellenangaben.

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Book SynopsisToday, young cosmetics researchers who have completed their graduate studies and have entered a cosmetics company are put through several years of training before they become qualified to design cosmetics formulations themselves. They are trained so that they can design formulas not by a process of logic but by heart, like craftsmen, chefs, or carpenters. This kind of training seems a terrible waste of labor and time. To address this issue and allow young scientists to design novel cosmetics formulations, effectively bringing greater diversity of innovation to the industry, this book provides a key set of skills and the knowledge necessary for such pursuits. The volume provides the comprehensive knowledge and instruction necessary for researchers to design and create cosmetics products. The book’s chapters cover a comprehensive list of topics, which include, among others, the basics of cosmetics, such as the raw materials of cosmetics and their application; practical techniques and technologies for designing and manufacturing cosmetics, as well as theoretical knowledge; emulsification; sensory evaluations of cosmetic ingredients; and how to create products such as soap-based cleansers, shampoos, conditioners, creams, and others. The potential for innovation is great in Japan’s cosmetics industry. This book expresses the hope that the high level of dedicated research continues and proliferates, especially among those who are innovators at heart.Table of ContentsDeveloping the formulations of cosmetics.- Raw materials of cosmetics.- Emulsions.- Sensory properties of cosmetics.- Practice of designing cosmetics formulations.

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Book SynopsisMechanization and Automation for a sustainable plantation operation.- Palm Oil Sustainability Certification.- Sustainable biorefinery concept of oil palm for renewable sources.- Characterisation of lignin derived from varied oil palm biomass.- Value added material from oil palm waste: Properties and Characterizarion.- Oil Palm Biomass as Substrate for Mushroom Cultivation.- My Composite from Oil Palm Biomass.- Optimization of Enzyme Dosage for Rapid Composting Process Using Response Surface Methodology.- Recycling Oil Palm Waste for Organic Fertilizer Production Using Rapid Composting Process.- Heavy Metal and Nutrient Adsorption Capacity of Oil Palm Biomass.- Dye adsorption using EFB based SMC from Volvariella volvacea cultivation.- Heavy Metal and Nutrient Adsorption Capacity of Oil Palm Biomass.- Heavy metals and dye adsorption capacity of prepared activated carbon from Oil Palm.

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