History of science Books
Cambridge University Press The Mathematical Papers of Isaac Newton Volume 5 1683 1684 The Mathematical Papers of Sir Isaac Newton
Book SynopsisThe fifth volume of this definitive edition centres around Newton's Lucasian lectures on algebra, purportedly delivered during 1673â83, and subsequently prepared for publication under the title Arithmetica Universalis many years later. Dr Whiteside first reproduces the text of the lectures deposited by Newton in the Cambridge University Library about 1684. In these much reworked, not quite finished, professional lectiones, Newton builds upon his earlier studies of the fundamentals of algebra and its application to the theory and construction of equations, developing new techniques for the factorizing of algebraic quantities and the delimitation of bounds to the number and location of roots, with a wealth of worked arithmetical, geometrical, mechanical and astronomical problems. An historical introduction traces what is known of the background to the parent manuscript and assesses the subsequent impact of the edition prepared by Whiston about 1705 and the revised version published by NeTable of ContentsPart I. The Deposited Lucasian Lectures on Algebra (Winter 1683–1684): Introduction; 1. Preliminary notes and drafts for the 'Arithmetica'; 2. The copy deposited in the Cambridge archives; Part II. The 'Arithmeticæ Universalis Liber Primus' (1684): Introduction; Index of Names
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Cambridge University Press The Immortal Fire Within The Life and Work of Edward Emerson Barnard
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Cambridge University Press A History of Regeneration Research
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Cambridge University Press Science Nineteenth Century Periodic Reading the Magazine of Nature 45 Cambridge Studies in NineteenthCentury Literature and Culture Series Number 45
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Cambridge University Press A Century of Mycology
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Cambridge University Press Agnes Mary Clerke and the Rise of Astrophysics
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Cambridge University Press Much Ado About Nothing Theories of Space and Vacuum from the Middle Ages to the Scientific Revolution
Book SynopsisThe primary objective of this study is to provide a description of the major ideas about void space within and beyond the world that were formulated between the fourteenth and early eighteenth centuries. The second part of the book - on infinite, extracosmic void space - is of special significance. The significance of Professor Grant's account is twofold: it provides a comprehensive and detailed description of the scholastic Aristotelian arguments for and against the existence of void space; and it presents (again for the first time) an analysis of the possible influence of scholastic ideas and arguments on the interpretations of space proposed by the nonscholastic authors who made the Scientific Revolution possible. The concluding chapter of the book is unique in not only describing the conceptualizations of space proposed by the makers of the Scientific Revolution, but in assessing the role of readily available scholastic ideas on the conception of space adopted for the Newtonian worTable of ContentsPreface; Part I. Intracosmic Space: Scope of study; 1. Aristotle on void space; 2. Medieval conceptions of the nature and properties of void space; 3. The possibility of motion in void space; 4. Nature's abhorrence of a vacuum; Part II. Infinite Void Space Beyond the World: Largely a theological problem; 5. The historical roots of the medieval concept of an infinite, extracosmic void space; 6. Late medieval conceptions of extracosmic ('imaginary') void space; 7. Extracosmic, infinite void space in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century scholastic thought; 8. Infinite space in nonscholastic thought during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries; Part III. Summary and Reflections: 9. Summary and reflections; Notes; Bibliography; Index.
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Cambridge University Press Hard to Swallow
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Cambridge University Press Creativity in Invention and Design
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Cambridge University Press Moments in the Life of a Scientist
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Cambridge University Press Philosophy Science and Religion in England 1640 1700
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Cambridge University Press Science Society 16001900
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Cambridge University Press Making of Geology 16601815 Earth Science in Britain 16601815
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Cambridge University Press Teaching and Learning about Science and Society
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Cambridge University Press Science and Civilisation in China Volume 5 Chemistry and Chemical Technology Part 2 Spagyrical Discovery and Invention Magisteries of Gold and Magisteries of Gold and Immortality
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Cambridge University Press The Correspondence of Isaac Newton Volume 4 The
Book SynopsisThis fourth volume covers the period which was probably the most varied of Newton's whole career. The Principia had already established Newton as the world's foremost mathematician and natural philosopher. In spite of the abstruse nature of the mathematical treatment adopted in its pages, the first edition was rapidly exhausted and, within a very few years, Newton was being urged to consider the preparation of the second edition. This was to contain, inter alia, his further researches upon the motion of the Moon, the solar system, and the behaviour of the comets. Not until 1694, however, did his thoughts upon this project assume definite shape. To carry out his plan, he had need of the most accurate observations available, and for these he turned to the Observatory at Greenwich, where John Flamsteed had been installed as King's Astronomer. So came about that close association between the two men which was to last for many years, though not without frequent interruptions.Table of ContentsList of Plates; Preface; Acknowledgements; Introductory Note on the Lunar Theory; The Correspondence.
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Cambridge University Press The Correspondence of Isaac Newton Volume 7 The Correspondence of Isaac Newton 7 Volume Paperback Set
Book SynopsisIn this seventh and final volume the letters are divided into two quite distinct groups. The first group begins with the remaining letters of the main chronological sequence written during the closing years of Newton's life, and then proceeds to those few letters to which there is no assignable date with any certainty. The second group of letters, placed in Appendix I, contains corrections and additions to the letters printed in the earlier volumes of the Correspondence. A genealogical table is added to Appendix II to help the reader through the intricacies of Newton's family tree. Even after the creative power of his genius had deserted him, Newton retained to the very end of his long life the characteristic clarity of his thought. Few of Newton's letters in this volume may justly be described as scientific. The relative inactivity of the Mint meant that, although he apparently delegated few of his responsibilities to others, Newton's concerns there were no onerous. Thus it is not surTable of ContentsList of Plates; Preface; Short Titles and Abbreviations; Introduction; The Correspondence.
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Cambridge University Press The Correspondence of Isaac Newton Volume 2 The Correspondence of Isaac Newton 7 Volume Paperback Set
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Cambridge University Press Heavenly Clockwork The Great Astronomical Clocks of Medieval China
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Cambridge University Press The Ferment of Knowledge
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Cambridge University Press The Chemistry of Life Eight Lectures on the History of Biochemistry
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Cambridge University Press Telling Lives in Science
Book SynopsisTelling Lives collects together original essays by leading historians of science which explore for the first time the nature and development of scientific biography and its importance in forming our ideas about what scientists do and how science works. The volume will appeal to science historians and general readers interested in the popularization of science.Trade ReviewReview of the hardback: 'This work makes for some stimulating reading and is well timed in that it has appeared when there is a notable resurgence of interest in scientific biography.' Dennis H. Rouvray, EndeavourReview of the hardback: '… a stimulating collection of essays.' Colin A. Russell, European ReviewReview of the hardback: 'This collection of essays is useful and timely.' Ludmilla Jordanova, MetascienceTable of ContentsList of contributors; Preface; Introduction Michael Shortland and Richard Yeo; 1. Existential projects and existential choice in science: science biography as an edifying genre Thomas Söderqvist; 2. Life paths: autobiography, science and the French Revolution Dorinda Outram; 3. From science to wisdom: Humphry Davy's life David Knight; 4. Robert Boyle and the dilemma of biography in the age of the scientific revolution Michael Hunter; 5. Alphabetical lives: scientific biography in historical dictionaries and encyclopedias Richard Yeo; 6. The scientist as hero: public images of Michael Faraday Geoffrey Cantor; 7. Tactful organising and executive power: biographies of Florence Nightingale for girls Martha Vicinus; 8. Taking histories, medical lives: Thomas Beddoes and biography Roy Porter; 9. The scientist as patron and patriotic symbol: the changing reputation of Joseph Banks John Gascoigne; 10. Metabiographical reflections on Charles Darwin James Moore; Index.
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Cambridge University Press Arch Bridges and their Builders 17351835
Book SynopsisThe construction of bridges in Britain and Ireland during the period of 1735â1835 was marked by important technical developments and the introduction of new materials. This book is a comprehensive history of bridge building during the century, treating the administration and financing of projects as well as the designs and methods of construction. All the bridges described are of interest as engineering works; as architecture some are unimportant but many achieved real grandeur and beauty. The book is based on exhaustive study of primary sources which are fully documented, but it is a highly readable account. More than half of it consists of narratives of individual bridge projects, in which all the men involved, from noblemen and generals to country masons and carpenters, come alive for the reader. Much of the detail of these stories has never been published before. Among the topics which can be traced through the narratives are the growth in spans and changes in the proportions of brTable of ContentsPreface; Part I: Labelye and his contemporaries 1735–1759; 1. Westminster bridge; 2. Bridges in the country; 3. Timber bridges; 4. Architecture hydraulique and Essex Bridge, Dublin'; 5. Thoeory of arches and pontypridd; 6. Four ancient bridges; Part II: The years of Mylne and smeaton 1759–1796; 7. Blackfriars bridge; 8. John Smeaton and Robert Mylne; 9. Bridges by architects; 10. Navigable aqueducts; 11. The first iron bridges; Part III: The years of Rennie and Telford 1790–1835; 12. Rennie and Telford – early years; 13. Iron and timber; 14. Climax masonry.
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Cambridge University Press From Medical Chemistry to Biochemistry
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Cambridge University Press The Making of the Chemist
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Cambridge University Press A History of Science and Its Relations with Philosophy and Religion
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Cambridge University Press Public Knowledge An Essay Concerning the Social Dimension of Science
Book SynopsisIn this 1974 book a practising scientist and gifted expositor sets forth an exciting point of view on the nature of science and how it works. Professor Ziman argues that the true goal of all scientific research is to contribute to the consensus of universally accepted knowledge. He explores the philosophical, psychological and sociological consequences of the principle, and explains how, in practice, the consensus is established and how the work of the individual scientist becomes a part of it. The intellectual form of scientific knowledge is determined by the need for the scientist to communicate his findings and to make them acceptable to others. Professor Ziman's essay, being written in plain English, and requiring only the slenderest knowledge of science, can (and should) be read by any educated person; as he says 'all genuine scientific procedures of thought and argument are essentially the same as those of everyday life'.Table of ContentsPreface; 1. What is science?; 2. Science and non-science; 3. Scientific method and scientific argument; 4. Education for science; 5. The individual scientist; 6. Community and communications; 7. Institutions and authorities; 8. Summing up; Index.
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Cambridge University Press Museums Anthropology and Imperial Exchange
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Cambridge University Press On Tychos Island
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Cambridge University Press The Scientific Letters and Papers of James Clerk Maxwell Volume 1 18461862
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Cambridge University Press A History of Modern Planetary Physics
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Cambridge University Press The Library of Isaac Newton
Book SynopsisWhen Newton died in 1727 he left a library of some 2,100 volumes.Table of Contents1. Isaac Newton: user of books; 2. Dispersal of Newton's library after his death; 3. The composition of Newton's library; The catalogue: its compilation and content; Summary of abbreviations used in the catalogue; Catalogue of the library.
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Cambridge University Press A History of Modern Planetary Physics
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Cambridge University Press The Professionalization of Psychology in Nazi Germany
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Cambridge University Press Medical and Scientific Writing in Late Medieval English
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Cambridge University Press Solar System Astronomy in America
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Cambridge University Press A History of Personality Psychology
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Cambridge University Press The Quest for Artificial Intelligence
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Cambridge University Press Darwins Mentor
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Cambridge University Press The General History of Astronomy
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Cambridge University Press Quest for Artificial Intelligence A History of
Book SynopsisArtificial intelligence (AI) is a field within computer science that is attempting to build enhanced intelligence into computer systems. This book traces the history of the subject, from the early dreams of eighteenth-century (and earlier) pioneers to the more successful work of today's AI engineers. AI is becoming more and more a part of everyone's life. The technology is already embedded in face-recognizing cameras, speech-recognition software, Internet search engines, and health-care robots, among other applications. The book's many diagrams and easy-to-understand descriptions of AI programs will help the casual reader gain an understanding of how these and other AI systems actually work. Its thorough (but unobtrusive) end-of-chapter notes containing citations to important source materials will be of great use to AI scholars and researchers. This book promises to be the definitive history of a field that has captivated the imaginations of scientists, philosophers, and writers for ceTrade Review'… [a] balanced look at what AI has been able to do during its first 50 years of existence. His personal recollections and the rationale behind many decisions, as retold by an insider, make this book a unique contribution, interesting both for the informed and for the general reader. Both kinds of readers can learn a lot from Nilsson's book about the evolution of this now-mature research field. The book is written in a friendly conversational style, without any unnecessary mathematical formalisms, and is richly illustrated with many diagrams that depict representative AI systems and photographs of the many innovators that led to their development.' Fernando Berzal, Reviews.comTable of ContentsPart I. Beginnings: 1. Dreams and dreamers; 2. Clues; Part II. Early Explorations: 1950s and 1960s: 3. Gatherings; 4. Pattern recognition; 5. Early heuristic programs; 6. Semantic representations; 7. Natural language processing; 8. 1960s infrastructure; Part III. Efflorescence: Mid-1960s to Mid-1970s: 9. Computer vision; 10. 'Hand-Eye' research; 11. Knowledge representation and reasoning; 12. Mobile robots; 13. Progress in natural language processing; 14. Game playing; 15. The dendral project; 16. Conferences, books, and funding; Part IV. Applications and Specializations: 1970s to Early 1980s: 17. Speech recognition and understanding systems; 18. Consulting systems; 19. Understanding queries and signals; 20. Progress in computer vision; 21. Boomtimes; Part V. 'New Generation' Projects: 22. The Japanese create a stir; 23. Darpa's strategic computing program; Part VI. Entr'acte: 24. Speed bumps; 25. Controversies and alternative paradigms; Part VII. The Growing Armamentarium: From the 1980s Onward: 26. Reasoning and representation; 27. Other approaches to reasoning and representation; 28. Bayesian networks; 29. Machine learning; 30. Natural languages and natural scenes; 31. Intelligent system architectures; Part VIII. Modern AI: Today and Tomorrow: 32. Extraordinary achievements; 33. Ubiquitous artificial intelligence; 34. Smart tools; 35. The quest continues.
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Cambridge University Press History of British Space Science
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Cambridge University Press Inventing the Indigenous
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Cambridge University Press Archaeoastronomy in the Old World
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Cambridge University Press Knowing Everything about Nothing
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Cambridge University Press Darwin Literature and Victorian Respectability 57 Cambridge Studies in NineteenthCentury Literature and Culture Series Number 57
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Cambridge University Press The Problem of the Earths Shape from Newton to Clairaut
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Cambridge University Press A History of Personality Psychology
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