History of medicine Books

Book SynopsisA synoptic edition of the English version of John Arderon’s De judiciis urinarum containing the commentary on Giles of Corbeil’s Carmen de urinis as preserved in Glasgow University Library, MS Hunter 328, from the early 15th century, and Manchester University Library, MS Rylands Eng. 1310, from the 16th century. The English version of De judiciis urinarum is a detailed uroscopic treatise instructing the mediaeval practitioner on the examination of urine with twenty colours and eighteen to nineteen contents, incorporating colour descriptions, diagnoses, medicines and information about urinary contents. The present edition offers the semi-diplomatic transcription of these hitherto unedited texts, accompanied by a glossary, notes and introduction, the latter containing the textual transmission of the text, a codicological/palaeographic description together with the analysis of the scribal language. The present edition will be useful as a primary source for research not only in Historical Linguistics but also in other related fields such as the History of Medicine or Ecdotics.Trade Review'This book will be most welcome to historians of medieval medicine by providing an accessible and careful transcription of a rare text. It will be an excellent tool… especially when accompanied by photographs of the manuscript.' E. Ruth Harvey, SpeculumTable of ContentsForeword (by M. Teresa Tavormina)1. Introduction1.1. Authorship1.2. The English version of De judiciis urinarum1.3. Uroscopic authorities1.4. The language1.4.1. MS Hunter 3281.4.2. MS Rylands 13101.5. Codicology1.6. Palaeography2. Text2.1. Editorial conventions2.2. Synoptic edition2.3. English translation of Giles of Corbeil’s Carmen de urinis in MS Hunter 3283. Glossary4. References

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Book SynopsisWhy are growing numbers of parents worldwide questioning the wisdom of having their children vaccinated? Why have public-sector vaccine producers been sold off? And can we trust the multinational corporations that increasingly dominate vaccine development and production? In this hard-hitting book, now available in B-format paperback, Stuart Blume argues that globalization and healthcare deficiencies are eroding faith in the institutions producing and providing vaccines. He tells the history of immunization practices, from the work of early pioneers such as Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch to the establishment of the World Health Organization and the introduction of genetic engineering. Immunization exposes the limits of public health authorities while suggesting how they can restore our confidence. Public health experts and all those considering vaccinations should read this timely history.Trade Review‘a fascinating history of vaccination and its troubles’ — Times Higher Education ‘Blume grapples with the hot-button topic of immunization programs and public resistance to them in this persuasive, challenging chronicle of how vaccines improved human health – and the pharmaceutical industry’s bottom line . . . Blume’s crucial history illustrates that vaccines have saved countless lives, but they must win the confidence of those who don’t recognize their universal benefit.’ — Publishers Weekly ‘In his thought-provoking book, Stuart Blume carefully explains how exactly vaccines protect the human body, before going on to explore the worrying phenomenon that has come to be dubbed “vaccine hesitancy” – the reluctance of some parents to have their children vaccinated.’ — Manjit Kumar, Prospect magazineTable of ContentsPreface 1. What do Vaccines do? 2. Technologies: The First Vaccines 3. Technologies: Viral Challenges 4. Technologies: The Commodification of Vaccines 5. Policies: Hesitant Beginnings 6. Policies: Vaccination and the Cold War 7. Policies: Vaccination in a Globalizing World 8. The Roots of Doubt References Additional Reading Acknowledgements Index

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Book SynopsisThis book explores the colourful past, present and future of an instrument that is, quite literally, close to our hearts. The stethoscope has become the symbol of medicine itself, but how did this come to be? What makes the stethoscope such a familiar and yet charismatic object? Drawing from a range of fields including history, anthropology, science, technology and sound studies, the book illustrates the variety of roles the stethoscope has played over time. It shows that the stethoscope is not, and has never been, a single entity. It is used to a variety of ends, serves a number of purposes and is open to many interpretations. This is the key to the stethoscope’s enduring presence in the medical and popular imagination.

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Book SynopsisJohn Keats was a trained surgeon who studied at Guy’s Hospital, London while simultaneously making his way as a poet. This book focuses attention on an important but hitherto neglected Keats manuscript: the notebook he maintained during this period. Reconstructing the lively medical world that played a formative role in Keats’ intellectual and imaginative development, it seeks to show the intriguing connections between Keats’ medical knowledge and his greatest poetry. It offers new research on Keats’ medical career – including a new edition of his medical Notebook compiled from the manuscript – and recovers the various ways in which Keats’ creativity found expression in his two careers of medicine and poetry, enriching both. Topics explored include the ‘hospital poems’ Keats wrote at Guy’s; the medical milieu of his daily life; his methods of working as revealed by his medical Notebook and other archival sources; and the medical contexts that informed his composition of Endymion and the collection Lamia, Isabella, The Eve of St Agnes, and Other Poems (1820).John Keats’ Medical Notebook: Text, Context and Poems reveals how Keats’ visceral knowledge of human life, gained during his medical training at Guy’s, transformed him into ‘a mighty poet of the human heart’.Trade ReviewReviews ‘John Keats’s Medical Notebook is an ingenious roadmap to conceptual issues in the teaching of Romantic medicine; its informed annotations and originality of research reveal the depth of Keats’s knowledge and comprehension of what he had learned in theoretical and practical medical science.’Hermione de Almeida, Walter Professor Emerita of English and Comparative Literature at the University of Tulsa 'Readers of Keats--and most assuredly not only those interested in Medicine--will find much of value in Ghosh's book. In clean, precise, and accessible prose that belies the depth of archival research that went into the book's making, Ghosh convincingly makes her case for a new focus on the medical Notebook, adding a fresh and forceful voice to those in the field arguing for renewed attention to the young Keats. If the medical Notebook "was a dynamic repository of evolving knowledge" for Keats, Ghosh's study will be one for us.'James Robert Allard, Review 19'John Keats’ Medical Notebook is well written and well referenced... A scholarly contribution to the literature about Keats, the book provides new insights and analyses of his medical student days and how medical training influenced his brilliant and remarkable poetry.'Arpan K. Banerjee, Hektoen International Journal‘There is a generosity in the care that has been taken in preparing this new edition that reveals an investment in the future work that will undoubtedly be generated by this project, as much as in its own attendant literary analysis.’ Meegan Hasted, European Romantic Review‘Ghosh’s careful explications help guide the reader through the sometimes obscure and complex medical material, while the provision of concise biographical detail and relevant intellectual context of the people mentioned is also helpful. Clear explanations of terminology are not only essential for non-medical literary scholars, the contextualisation of nineteenth-century medical vocabulary will surely be welcomed, too, by those with a knowledge of modern-day medicine.’ Octavia Cox, Romantic TextualitiesTable of ContentsIntroductionJohn Keats' Medical Notebook: An Annotated Edition1. John Keats' Medical Notebook: An Overview2. John Keats' 'Guy's Hospital' Poetry3. Keats' Medical Milieu4. John Keats at Guy's: Scholar and Poet5. Endymion and the Physiology of Passion6. 'The Only State for the Best Sort of Poetry'Conclusion

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Book SynopsisThis book is the first comprehensive history of medical student culture and medical education in Ireland from the middle of the nineteenth century until the 1950s. Utilising a variety of rich sources, including novels, newspapers, student magazines, doctors’ memoirs, and oral history accounts, it examines Irish medical student life and culture, incorporating students’ educational and extra-curricular activities at all of the Irish medical schools. The book investigates students' experiences in the lecture theatre, hospital, dissecting room and outside their studies, such as in ‘digs’, sporting teams and in student societies, illustrating how representations of medical students changed in Ireland over the period and examines the importance of class, religious affiliation and the appropriate traits that students were expected to possess. It highlights religious divisions as well as the dominance of the middle classes in Irish medical schools while also exploring institutional differences, the students’ decisions to pursue medical education, emigration and the experiences of women medical students within a predominantly masculine sphere. Through an examination of the history of medical education in Ireland, this book builds on our understanding of the Irish medical profession while also contributing to the wider scholarship of student life and culture. It will appeal to those interested in the history of medicine, the history of education and social history in modern Ireland.Trade Review'Irish medical education and student culture, c.1850-1950 is much more than a survey of student life in Ireland. It delves into the darker side of a medical education, revealing tensions arising from class, gender, and generational change.'Dr Ciaran O'Neill, Trinity College Dublin'The book achieves its stated aim of addressing a gap in the knowledge of the history of medical education in Ireland from the students’ perspective. It should become a valuable resource on a topic that has not been researched in depth previously, although the impact of large-scale emigration of Irish doctors on medical education in Ireland might have merited a separate chapter. It will appeal to those with an interest in the history of medical education, educationalists and women in medicine, to social historians and to the Irish medical diaspora.' Mike Collins, British Society for the History of Medicine'Laura Kelly has produced an impressive and valuable study of Irish medical students and their education between about 1850 and 1950. The book ranges widely. As might be expected, it examines the instructors, curricula, and teaching methods at the various medical schools, colleges, and hospitals located in Dublin, Cork, Galway, and Belfast. But the book also devotes much attention to the personal lives of medical students and to what Kelly calls their "culture".' Bulletin of the History of Medicine'Drawing on a rich range of sources written by students, and focusing on their experiences, she repositions the student at the centre of medical education to give a ‘bottom-up’ view of university, medical school, and hospital training and life that enriches our understanding of medical education in Ireland between 1850 and 1950. ... In reinstating the voices of male and female Irish medical students, Kelly offers a richer way of thinking about medical education.'Keir Waddington, History of Education'Drawing expertly upon collections of memoirs, student magazines, hospital records and oral histories, Kelly captures the rich tapestry of Irish student life and culture.' Anne Hanley, Social History of Medicine‘Drawing from an array of print and archival sources…Kelly provides a clear and succinct portrayal of medical education from a student perspective.’ T.P. Power, CHOICE‘Kelly’s contribution to the history of medical education and, more importantly, her exploration of medical student culture is exemplary. It should be included on any reading list connected to this topic.’ J.T.H. Connor, Canadian Bulletin of Medical History'A valuable addition to contemporary analytical and contextual medical historiography... the narrative is brisk and engaging.'Gerard M. Fealy, Nursing History ReviewTable of ContentsIntroduction 11 The Medical School Marketplace, c.1850–19002 ‘Entering upon an Honourable and Important Profession’: IrishMedical Student Image and Representation in the Age of Medical Reform, c.1850–19003 Beginnings: Medicine and Social Mobility, c.1850–19504 Educational Experiences and Medical Student Life, c.1880–19205 ‘Boys to Men’: Rites of Passage, Sport, Masculinity and Medical Student Culture, c.1880–19306 ‘This Feminine Invasion of Medicine’: Women in Irish Medical Schools, c.1880–1945 17 Medical Education and Student Culture North and South of the Border, c.1920–1950Conclusion

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Book SynopsisWinner of the 2019 NUI Publication Prize in Irish History. This book is the first comprehensive history of the anti-diphtheria campaign and the factors which facilitated or hindered the rollout of the national childhood immunization programme in Ireland. It is easy to forget the context in which Irish society opted to embrace mass childhood immunization. Dwyer shows us how we got where we are. He restores Diphtheria’s reputation as one of the most prolific child-killers of nineteenth and early twentieth-century Ireland and explores the factors which allowed the disease to take a heavy toll on child health and life-expectancy. Public health officials in the fledgling Irish Free State set the eradication of diphtheria among their first national goals, and eschewing the reticence of their British counterparts, adopted anti-diphtheria immunization as their weapon of choice. An unofficial alliance between Irish medical officers and the British pharmaceutical company Burroughs Wellcome placed Ireland on the European frontline of the bacteriological revolution, however, Wellcome sponsored vaccine trials in Ireland side-lined the human rights of Ireland’s most vulnerable citizens: institutional children in state care. An immunization accident in County Waterford, and the death of a young girl, raised serious questions regarding the safety of the immunization process itself, resulting in a landmark High Court case and the Irish Medical Union’s twelve-year long withdrawal of immunization services. As childhood immunization is increasingly considered a lifestyle choice, rather than a lifesaving intervention, this book brings historical context to bear on current debate.Trade ReviewReviews'Strangling Angel is well written, interesting and thoroughly researched, drawing on a variety of new primary sources. It is not a history of immunisation in the British Isles, but differences in approach between progressive Ireland and Britain are highlighted. It will be useful to medical, political and social historians with an interest in infections and their prevention.'William Dibb, British Society for the History of Medicine'The documentary research in this book cannot be faulted. It includes painstaking examinations of wide-ranging archival materials as well as making extensive use of contemporary governmental, popular and scientific publications. ... Altogether, this is a promising first book from a talented scholar.' Oisín Wall, Social History of Medicine‘Michael Dwyer charts the history of diphtheria in Ireland with a strong focus on the controversies that arose when immunization was introduced in the early twentieth century […] Strangling Angel is among the most significant medical history monographs that has emerged from Ireland in recent years.' Ian Miller, Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences ‘Dwyer’s work comfortably takes its place among the timely and burgeoning international literature on the history of vaccination and immunization, along with that devoted to the broader development of public health policy and programs.' J.T.H. Connor, Canadian Bulletin of Medical History 'Dwyer’s account of the history of diphtheria in Ireland not only provides us with a documented history of the disease for the island of Ireland but also highlights the issues that still surrounded the disease and its prevention.'Anne Hardy, Bulletin of the History of Medicine'Strangling Angel makes an important contribution to the history of health and medicine in Ireland. It will also be of interest to social historians concerned with the treatment of children in historical state-run institutions... Starting from a place in which diphtheria remained largely concealed in the historical record, Strangling Angel brings the disease to centre stage.'Alice Mauger, Irish Social and Economic History'Strangling Angel won the NUI prize in history... Although it was formally an academic work, Dwyer writes in a clear prose, so a casual reader who is willing to put in the effort will be rewarded.' Joe Culley, History IrelandTable of ContentsAcknowledgements ix Introduction 1 1 Aetiology of Diphtheria in Pre-independence Ireland 13 The ‘Strangling Angel’ in Ireland 16 Know Thine Enemy 27 2 Diphtheria ‘Arrives’ 32 Diphtheria in Cork City 36 Public Health Reform in the Irish Free State 41 The Development of Antitoxin as an Anti-diphtheria Prophylactic 45 3 Anti-diphtheria Immunization in the Irish Free State 51 Anti-diphtheria Immunization in Dublin 63 J. C. Saunders Anti-diphtheria Intervention in Cork City 70 4 Developing Burroughs Wellcome Alum-Toxoid 77 Vaccine Trials in Cork City 82 Further Vaccine Trials 90 5 The Ring College Immunization Disaster 101 Inquest at Ring 110 Preparing for Battle 120 6 O’Cionnfaola v. the Wellcome Foundation and Daniel McCarthy 126 After Ring 134 7 Towards a National Immunization Programme 144 Dublin 153 End of an Epidemic 163 Conclusion 170 Bibliography 178 Index 195

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Book SynopsisContrary to what Simone de Beauvoir famously argued in 1949, men have not lived without knowing the burdens of their sex. Though men may have been elevated to cultural positions of strength and privilege, it has not been without intense scrutiny of their biological functions. Investigations of male potency and the ‘ability to perform’ have long been mainstays of social, political, and artistic discourse and have often provoked spirited and partisan declarations on what it means to be a man. This interdisciplinary collection considers the tensions that have developed between the historical privilege often ascribed to the male and the vulnerabilities to which his body is prone. Andrew Mangham and Daniel Lea’s introduction illustrates how with the dawn of modern medicine during the Renaissance there emerged a complex set of languages for describing the male body not only as a symbol of strength, but as flesh and bone prone to illness, injury and dysfunction. Using a variety of historical and literary approaches, the essays consider the critical ways in which medicine’s interactions with literature reveal vital clues about the ways sex, gender, and identity are constructed through treatments of a range of ‘pathologies’ including deformity, venereal disease, injury, nervousness, and sexual difference. The relationships between male medicine and ideals of potency and masculinity are searchingly explored through a broad range of sources including African American slave fictions, southern gothic, early modern poetry, Victorian literature, and the Modern novel.Trade ReviewReviews 'This volume will make an original and distinctive contribution to the fields of masculinities, gender studies, history of medicine, disabilities studies, literature, and studies of the body.' Joanne Ella Parsons, Bath Spa University'He offers an account of the influence of dissection on Donne’s poetry [...and] McKinstry builds gracefully on earlier studies, emphasizing how Donne uses dissection to confirm integrities beyond the reach of exposure.'Joseph Loewenstein, Studies in English Literature 1500-1900 (SEL)Table of ContentsAcknowledgements Notes on Contributors 1. Introduction Andrew Mangham and Daniel Lea ENQUIRY AND EXPERIMENTATION 2. The Poetics of Anatomy: John Donne’s Dissection of the Male Body - Jamie McKinstry 3. The Black Male Body in Early African American Science Fiction: The Experimental Case of Sutton Griggs’s Imperium in Imperio - Marlene D. Allen 4. Miserrimus Dexter: Monstrous Forms of the Fin de Siècle - Katherine Angell 5. ‘Intellectual suicides’: The Man of Letters in Middlemarch - Christine Crockett Sharp WOUNDED AND PSYCHOPATHOLOGIZED BODIES 6. The Male Wound in Fin de Siècle Poetry - Sarah Parker 7. The Cacophony of Disaster: The Metaphorical Body of Sound in Don DeLillo’s Falling Man - Inbar Kaminsky 8. ‘Human nature is remorseless’ : Masculinity, Medical Science and Nervous Conditions in Virginia Woolf’s Mrs Dalloway - Avishek Parui 9. ‘A man must make himself’: Hypochondria in Maria Edgeworth’s Ennui - Robin Runia FEAR, CONFUSION AND CONTAGION 10. ‘Sons of Belial’: Contaminated/Contaminating Victorian Male Bodies - Lesley A. Hall 11. Syphilis and Sociability: The Impolite Bodies of Two Gentlemen, James Boswell (1740-1795) and Sylas Neville (1741-1840) - Leigh Wetherall-Dickson 12. ‘’Tis My Father’s Fault’: Tristram Shandy and Paternal Imagination - Jenifer Buckley 13. Southern Gothic and the Queer Male Body - Thomas Lawrence Long Index

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Book SynopsisJohn Keats was a trained surgeon who studied at Guy’s Hospital, London while simultaneously making his way as a poet. This book focuses attention on an important but hitherto neglected Keats manuscript: the notebook he maintained during this period. Reconstructing the lively medical world that played a formative role in Keats’ intellectual and imaginative development, it seeks to show the intriguing connections between Keats’ medical knowledge and his greatest poetry. It offers new research on Keats’ medical career – including a new edition of his medical Notebook compiled from the manuscript – and recovers the various ways in which Keats’ creativity found expression in his two careers of medicine and poetry, enriching both. Topics explored include the ‘hospital poems’ Keats wrote at Guy’s; the medical milieu of his daily life; his methods of working as revealed by his medical Notebook and other archival sources; and the medical contexts that informed his composition of Endymion and the collection Lamia, Isabella, The Eve of St Agnes, and Other Poems (1820).John Keats’ Medical Notebook: Text, Context and Poems reveals how Keats’ visceral knowledge of human life, gained during his medical training at Guy’s, transformed him into ‘a mighty poet of the human heart’.Trade ReviewReviews ‘John Keats’s Medical Notebook is an ingenious roadmap to conceptual issues in the teaching of Romantic medicine; its informed annotations and originality of research reveal the depth of Keats’s knowledge and comprehension of what he had learned in theoretical and practical medical science.’Hermione de Almeida, Walter Professor Emerita of English and Comparative Literature at the University of Tulsa 'Readers of Keats--and most assuredly not only those interested in Medicine--will find much of value in Ghosh's book. In clean, precise, and accessible prose that belies the depth of archival research that went into the book's making, Ghosh convincingly makes her case for a new focus on the medical Notebook, adding a fresh and forceful voice to those in the field arguing for renewed attention to the young Keats. If the medical Notebook "was a dynamic repository of evolving knowledge" for Keats, Ghosh's study will be one for us.'James Robert Allard, Review 19'John Keats’ Medical Notebook is well written and well referenced... A scholarly contribution to the literature about Keats, the book provides new insights and analyses of his medical student days and how medical training influenced his brilliant and remarkable poetry.'Arpan K. Banerjee, Hektoen International Journal‘There is a generosity in the care that has been taken in preparing this new edition that reveals an investment in the future work that will undoubtedly be generated by this project, as much as in its own attendant literary analysis.’ Meegan Hasted, European Romantic Review‘Ghosh’s careful explications help guide the reader through the sometimes obscure and complex medical material, while the provision of concise biographical detail and relevant intellectual context of the people mentioned is also helpful. Clear explanations of terminology are not only essential for non-medical literary scholars, the contextualisation of nineteenth-century medical vocabulary will surely be welcomed, too, by those with a knowledge of modern-day medicine.’ Octavia Cox, Romantic TextualitiesTable of ContentsIntroductionJohn Keats' Medical Notebook: An Annotated Edition1. John Keats' Medical Notebook: An Overview2. John Keats' 'Guy's Hospital' Poetry3. Keats' Medical Milieu4. John Keats at Guy's: Scholar and Poet5. Endymion and the Physiology of Passion6. 'The Only State for the Best Sort of Poetry'Conclusion

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Book SynopsisA synoptic edition of the English version of John Arderon’s De judiciis urinarum containing the commentary on Giles of Corbeil’s Carmen de urinis as preserved in Glasgow University Library, MS Hunter 328, from the early 15th century, and Manchester University Library, MS Rylands Eng. 1310, from the 16th century. The English version of De judiciis urinarum is a detailed uroscopic treatise instructing the mediaeval practitioner on the examination of urine with twenty colours and eighteen to nineteen contents, incorporating colour descriptions, diagnoses, medicines and information about urinary contents. The present edition offers the semi-diplomatic transcription of these hitherto unedited texts, accompanied by a glossary, notes and introduction, the latter containing the textual transmission of the text, a codicological/palaeographic description together with the analysis of the scribal language. The present edition will be useful as a primary source for research not only in Historical Linguistics but also in other related fields such as the History of Medicine or Ecdotics.Trade Review'This book will be most welcome to historians of medieval medicine by providing an accessible and careful transcription of a rare text. It will be an excellent tool… especially when accompanied by photographs of the manuscript.' E. Ruth Harvey, SpeculumTable of ContentsForeword (by M. Teresa Tavormina)1. Introduction1.1. Authorship1.2. The English version of De judiciis urinarum1.3. Uroscopic authorities1.4. The language1.4.1. MS Hunter 3281.4.2. MS Rylands 13101.5. Codicology1.6. Palaeography2. Text2.1. Editorial conventions2.2. Synoptic edition2.3. English translation of Giles of Corbeil’s Carmen de urinis in MS Hunter 3283. Glossary4. References

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Book SynopsisMarvels of Medicine makes a compelling case for including sixteenth century medical and surgical writing in the critical frameworks we now use to think about a genealogy of cultural expression in Latin America. Focusing on a small group of practitioners who differed in their levels of training, but who shared the common experience of having left Spain to join colonial societies in the making, this book analyses the paths their texts charted to attitudes and political positions that would come to characterize a criollo mode of enunciation. Unlike the accounts of first explorers, which sought to amaze audiences back in Europe with descriptions of strange and astonishing lands, these texts instead engaged the marvellous in an effort to supersede it, stressing the value of sensorial experience and of verifying information through repetition and demonstration. Vernacular medical writing became an unlikely early platform for a new form of regionally anchored discourse that demanded participation in a global intellectual conversation, yet found itself increasingly relegated to the margins. In responding to that challenge, anatomical treatises, natural histories and surgical manuals exceeded the bounds set by earlier templates becoming rich, hybrid narratives that were as concerned with science as with portraying the lives and sensibilities of women and men in early colonial Mexico.Trade Review“This book is highly original, combining very well the approaches, methods and techniques of two disciplines that usually have very different work agendas: the history of medicine and the history of literature.”María Luz López-Terrada, INGENIO [CSIC-UPV]‘Pérez Marín’s important new work is sure to generate future research on topics like these in literary studies of medicine.’ Allison Bigelow, H-LatAm'Pérez Marín has introduced these fascinating medical texts as a way of telling a more complete story of colonial Latin America. She closely reads them through the lens of cultural studies and literary analysis, balancing the highly technical information with its delivery in a narrative voice.' Patricia M. García, Seventeenth-century news‘Marvels of Medicine provides a thorough and compelling read towards the histories of Hispanic health disparities and medical experiences, acknowledging the roles of language proficiencies as well as racial and ethnic biases.’ Margaret E. Boyle, Nursing Clio 'Pe´rez Marı´n’s work offers a valuable, rich interdisciplinary analysis of early colonial medical texts and their authors. The author’s literary and historical contextualization of political, scientific, and cultural discourses that determined the fate of these men and their work is thorough and engaging. This book will be especially useful for scholars interested in viceregal medicine and circulation of knowledge.'Aimee Da´vila Hisey, Hispanic American Historical Review'Marvels of Medicine is a valuable addition to the field [of interdisciplinary study] and stands as an example of the intertextual delights available to us when we bring these skillsets to our reading of early medical writing. [...] The strength of this book lies in its engagement with the literary connections between the various works, highlighting how these individuals were not only authors and medical practitioners, but readers crafting their thoughts in relation to and over-against each other's publications and changing perceptions of Latin America, nature, climate and the human body in the late sixteenth century. [...] Marvels of Medicine offers a very interesting prism through which to engage with medical, social and literary thought in early modern scholarship and creates scope for similar intertextual analysis in this and later periods of medical writing.'Michael Vargas, Bulletin of Spanish Studies'Most of the early works on the natural history of New Spain were printed in Spain and marketed to a Spanish readership eager to feast on wonder [...] In her absorbing new book, Marvels of medicine: literature and scientific enquiry in early colonial Spanish America, Yarí Pérez Marín, a historian of literature at Durham University, seeks to redress the imbalance that inevitably accompanies such renderings by turning to a body of literature that hasn’t been included in the Latin American literary canon.' William Eamon, Colonial Latin American ReviewTable of ContentsIntroductionMedical books and colonial Latin American literatureChapter 1The surgeon’s secrets: the medical travel narrative of Pedro Arias de BenavidesChapter 2Irreconcilable differences?: anatomy, physiology and the New World bodyChapter 3Weakening the sex: the medicalization of female gender identity in New SpainChapter 4Contested medical knowledge and regional self-fashioningConclusionEpilogueWorks cited

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Book SynopsisMedicine and Healing Practices in Ancient Egypt provides a new perspective on healthcare and healing treatments in Egypt from the Predynastic to the Roman periods. Rather than concentrating exclusively on diseases and medical conditions as evidenced in ancient sources, it provides a ‘people-focused’ perspective, asking what it was like to be ill or disabled in this society? Who were the healers? To what extent did disease occurrence and treatment reflect individual social status? As well as geographical, environmental and dietary factors, which undoubtedly affected general health, some groups were prone to specific hazards. These are discussed in detail, including soldiers’ experience of trauma, wounds and exposure to epidemics; and conditions - blindness, sand pneumoconiosis, trauma and limb amputations – resulting from working conditions at building and other sites. Methods of diagnosis and treatment were derived from special concepts about disease and medical ethics. These are explored, as well as the individual contributions and professional interactions of various groups of healers and carers. Medical training and practice occurred in various locations, including temples and battlefields; these are described, as well as the treatments and equipment that were available. Ancient writers generally praised the Egyptian healers’ knowledge, expertise, and professional relationship with their patients. A brief comparison is drawn between this approach and those prevailing elsewhere in Mesopotamia, Greece and Rome. Finally, Egypt’s legacy, transmitted through Greek, Roman and Arabic sources, is confirmed as the source of some principles and practices still found in modern ‘Western’ medicine. Combining information from the latest studies on human remains and the authors’ biomedical research, this book brings the subject up to date, enabling a wide readership to access often scattered information in a fascinating synthesis.Table of ContentsAbbreviations Chronology Introduction to Egyptian concepts of disease and medical ethics Providers of healthcare: The healer’s perspective The temple as a location for medical training and practice Medical treatment and healing in a community context Methods of treatment Recipients of healthcare: The patient’s perspective Egypt’s contribution to other ancient and modern medical systems Bibliography

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Book SynopsisEssays address plague and disease in the fifteenth century, as manifested throughout Europe. Described as "a golden age of pathogens", the long fifteenth century was notable for a series of international, national and regional epidemics that had a profound effect upon the fabric of society. The impact of pestilence upon the literary, religious, social and political life of men, women and children throughout Europe and beyond continues to excite lively debate among historians, as the ten papers presented in this volume confirm. They deal with theresponse of urban communities in England, France and Italy to matters of public health, governance and welfare, as well as addressing the reactions of the medical profession to successive outbreaks of disease, and of individuals to the omnipresence of death, while two, very different, essays examine the important, if sometimes controversial, contribution now being made by microbiologists to our understanding of the Black Death. Contributors: J.L. Bolton, Elma Brenner, Samuel Cohn, John Henderson, Neil Murphy, Elizabeth Rutledge, Samantha Sagui, Karen Smyth, Jane Stevens Crawshaw, Sheila Sweetinburgh.Trade ReviewA thought-provoking collection of articles. * ARCHIVES *Interesting and important. * THE RICARDIAN *These essays offer an interesting glimpse of how the century after the Black Death continued to acknowledge, respond to, plan for and generally live with this waxing and waning threat. * SOCIAL HISTORY OF MEDICINE *Aid[s] our understanding of [plague] and its human responses and will be a welcome addition to any medical history library. * VESALIUS *[O]ffers a good overview to the types of social and institutional challenges that medieval Europeans faced with regular outbreaks of plague and other disease. . . . Those teaching advanced-level courses on the Black Death, medical history, or medieval public health will find the volume useful for themselves as well as their students. * SPECULUM *Table of ContentsIntroduction - Carole Rawcliffe Looking for Yersinia Pestis: Scientists, Historians and the Black Death - Jim L Bolton Pestilence and Poetry: John Lydgate's Danse Macabre - Karen Smyth Pilgrimage in 'an Age of Plague': Seeking Canterbury's 'hooly blisful martir' in 1420 and 1470 - Sheila Sweetinburgh An Urban Environment: Norwich in the Fifteenth Century - Elizabeth Rutledge Mid-Level Officials in Fifteenth-Century Norwich - Samantha Sagui Leprosy and Public Health in Late Medieval Rouen - Elma Brenner Plague Ordinances and the Management of Infectious Diseases in Northern French Towns, c.1450 - c.1560 - Neil Murphy The Renaissance Invention of Quarantine - Jane Stevens Crawshaw Coping with Epidemics in Renaissance Italy: Plague and the Great Pox - John Henderson The Historian and the Laboratory: The Black Death Disease - Samuel K. Cohn

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Book SynopsisAn exploration of the relations between medical and religious discourse and practice in medieval culture, focussing on how they are affected by gender. Current preoccupations with the body have led to a growing interest in the intersections between religion, literature and the history of medicine, and, more specifically, how they converge within a given culture. This collection of essays explores the ways in which aspects of medieval culture were predicated upon an interaction between medical and religious discourses, particularly those inflected by contemporary gendered ideologies. The essays interrogatethis convergence broadly in a number of different ways: textually, conceptually, historically, socially and culturally. They argue for an inextricable relationship between the physical and spiritual in accounts of health, illness and disability, and demonstrate how medical, religious and gender discourses were integrated in medieval culture. Naoë Kukita Yoshikawa is Professor of English in the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences at Shizuoka University. Contributors: Louise M. Bishop, Elma Brenner, Joy Hawkins, Roberta Magnani, Takami Matsuda, Liz Herbert McAvoy, Irina Metzler, Denis Renevey, Patricia Skinner, Juliette Vuille, Diane Watt, Naoë Kukita Yoshikawa.Trade ReviewAnyone intrigued by the peculiar body-centered, corporeal spirituality of medieval female mystics, and interested in the history of popular Christian devotion before 1500 . . . will find in this rich collection food for thought and a plethora of enlightening examples. * CATHOLIC HISTORICAL REVIEW *A valuable contribution to the scholarship. * FRANCIA *Table of ContentsIntroduction - Naoe Kutika Yoshikawa Mary the Physician: Women, Religion and Medicine in the Middle Ages - Diane Watt Chaucer's Physicians: Raising Questions of Authority - Roberta Magnani Heavenly Vision and Psychosomatic Healing: Medical Discourse in Mechtild of Hackeborn's the Booke of Gostlye Grace - Naoe Kutika Yoshikawa Bathing in Blood: The Medicinal Cures of Anchoritic Devotion - Liz Herbert McAvoy "Maybe I'm Crazy?" Diagnosis and Contextualisation of Medieval Female Mystics - Juliette Vuille Purgatory and Spiritual Healing in John Audelay's Poems - Takami Matsuda Reginald Pecock's Reading Heart and the Health of Body and Soul - Louise M Bishop Disabled Children: Birth Defects, Causality and Guilt - Irina Metzler Marking the Face, Curing the Soul? Reading the Disfigurement of Women in the Later Middle Ages - Patricia Skinner Did Drunkenness Dim the Sight? Medieval Understandings and Responses to Blindness in Medical and Religious Discourse - Joy Hawkins Between Palliative Care and Curing the Soul: Medical and Religious Responses to Leprosy in France and England, c.1100-c.1500 - Elma Brenner Afterword - Denis Renevey Select Bibliography

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Book SynopsisAn exploration of the medieval mind as a machine, and how it might be affected and immobiled, in textual reactions to the madness of Charles VI of France. At the turn of the fifteenth century it must have seemed to many French people that the world was going mad. King Charles VI suffered his first bout of mental illness in 1392, and he underwent intermittent bouts of frenzy, melancholy and ever-scarcer lucidity until his death in 1422. The king's scarcely mentionable malady was mirrored at every level of social experience, from the irrational civil war through which the body politic tore itself apart, to reports of elevated suicide rates among the common people. In this political environment, where affairs of state were closely linked to the ruler's mental state, French writers sought new ways of representing the psychological dynamics of the body politic. This book explores the innovative mix of organic and inorganic metaphors through which they explored the relationship between mind, body and government at this period; in particular, it considers texts by such authors as Alan Chartier and Charles d'Orléans which describe mental illness and intellectual impairments through the notion of "rust". JULIE SINGER is Associate Professor of French at Washington University, St. Louis.Trade ReviewThough scholars and popularizers have previously written on King Charles's madness and its cultural-historical context the timing as well as the approach of Julie Singer's latest book render it all the more meaningful to us nowadays. No stranger to exploring scientific models for literary texts, Singer also astutely begins by surveying the two more familiar approaches to mental illness, the medical and legal. This is especially valuable, even when treated briefly, because, as she asserts, while information on these aspects is comprehensive enough up through the thirteenth centuries, it remains 'largely in the shadows' for the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. * H-FRANCE. *Julie Singer provides a significant advance in the understanding of the phenomenon [mental illness] through a multilayered analysis of literary texts produced in France in the late fourteenth and early fifteenth centuries. [...] It is hoped that more historians will follow Julie Singer's lead in taking medieval metaphor seriously. In this study, the effort is richly rewarded. * Speculum *Table of ContentsIntroduction: Oxidation Before Oxygen Of Metal and Men Une enroullere de sapience: Instituting Princely Virtues at the Court of Charles V Metaphors of the Body Politic Le fer en la playe Alain Chartier's rooil de oubliance Epilogue: Men Without Machines Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisWinner of the Best First Monograph from the International Society for the Study of Early Medieval England (ISSEME) 2021. An examination of the Old English medical collections, arguing that these texts are products of a learned intellectual culture. Four complete medical collections survive from Anglo-Saxon England. These were first edited by Oswald Cockayne in the nineteenth century and came to be known by the names Bald's Leechbook, Leechbook III, the Lacnunga, and the Old English Pharmacopeia. Together these works represent the earliest complete collections of medical material in a western vernacular language. This book examines these texts as products of a learned literary culture. While earlier scholarship tended to emphasise the relationship of these works to folk belief or popular culture, this study suggests that all four extant collections were probably produced in major ecclesiastical centres. It examines the collections individually, emphasising their differences of content and purpose, while arguing that each consistently displays connections with an elite intellectual culture. The final chapter considers the fundamentally positive depiction of doctors and medicine found within literary and ecclesiastical works from the period and suggests that the high esteem for medicine in literate circles may have favoured the study and translation of medical texts.Trade ReviewKesling occupies the unenviable position of having produced the first monograph on pre-Conquest medical texts since 1993 in a field that has yielded much scholarly work in the twenty-seven years since Cameron's Anglo-Saxon Medicine. She has done a more than admirable job synthesizing scholarship throughout, and her bibliography is excellent. * Journal of British Studies *In her Medical Texts in Anglo-Saxon Literary Culture, Emily Kesling breaks from this habit of thinking of these manuscripts as a single corpus, and instead focuses on each of the major Anglo-Saxon medieval texts individually. As such, her book should now be considered required reading for anyone researching one of these manuscripts. * Speculum *Table of ContentsIntroduction Bald's Leechbook: A Medical Compendium Elves, the Demonic, and Leechbook III The Lacnunga and Insular Grammatica The Old English Herbarium and the Monastic Reform Medicine in Anglo-Saxon England Appendix A: Bald's Leechbook and its Latin Source Material Appendix B: B.Parallel Passages in the Lacnunga and MS CCCC 41 Bibliography

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Book SynopsisThe Book of Margery Kempe set in the context of medieval medical discourse. Margery Kempe's various illnesses, mental, spiritual and physical, are a recurring theme in her Book. This volume, the first full-length interdisciplinary study from a medical humanities perspective, offers a medicalized reading of Kempe's spirituality in the context of the ubiquitous medieval notion of Christ the Physician, and thus a new way of interpreting the Book itself: as a narrative of Kempe's own engagement with the medical paradigms of which she has previously been a passive subject. Focusing on the interactions of medicine, mysticism and reproduction as a feminist project, the author explores the ontology of female flesh; the productive use of pain, suffering and sickness; and the ethics of a maternal theology based on the melancholic and surrogate activities that underlie Kempe's experience. Structured broadly via a traverse through the life course, the book shows how Kempe's response to suffering is illuminated by the medieval medical discourse by which she is contemporaneously read, and by which she engineers her own construction and understanding of self. It also explores Kempe's persistent attendance to her mystical body and refusal to compromise her instinct to authentically show how she feels.Trade ReviewMargery Kempe's Spiritual Medicine offers a multitude of new starting points for considering the Book of Margery Kempe. Readers will appreciate the monograph's dynamic movement across texts and contexts and its generous engagement with Kempe as a self-defining woman, mystic, and author. Kalas succeeds in showing how Kempe's distinctively feminine embodiment of suffering could assume historically specific meanings and authority. * SPECULUM *This volume provides an illuminative and thoughtful exploration of the way medicalized understandings of female corporeality shaped Kempe's mystical experience. It not only offers a number of exciting, fresh interpretations of Kempe's Book, but also testifies to the multiplicity of ways that medical humanities methodologies can complicate and enrich our understanding of literary text * STUDIES IN THE AGE OF CHAUCER *The author's close reading of Kempe's life cycle, her Book, and numerous primary documents relating to medicine and health make for a learned and convincing study. This book will be valuable not only to Kempe scholars but also to students and researchers interested in the critical overlap between spirituality, medicine, and the female body in the Middle Ages and beyond. Highly recommended. * CHOICE *Laura Kalas's new study of Margery Kempe within the context of medieval medical thought and practice deserves a place in the pantheon of other transformative studies of Kempe's Book. ...[T]his study establishes important cultural and theoretical grounds for our reading of Kempe's suffering, as well as contributing to the growing field of medical humanities. * THE MEDIEVAL REVIEW *Laura Kalas has set the benchmark in this fine piece of work and has set it high. -- Luke Penkett, The Julian Centre * MAGISTRA *Kalas's study makes an extremely important and highly engaging contribution to existing scholarship on The Book of Margery Kempe and to the field of medical humanities more generally. -- Journal of British StudiesTable of ContentsIntroduction 1. Bleeding the Tears of Melancholia 2. 'Þe mukke' of Marriage and the Sexual Paradox 3. Lost Blood of the Middle Age: Surrogacy and Fecundity 4. Margery Medica: The Healing Value of Pain Surrogacy 5. The Passion of Death Surrogacy 6. Senescent Reproduction: Writing Anamnestic Pain Afterword / Afterlife Select Bibliography Glossary of Medical Terms

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Book SynopsisBorn to fanatical religious zealots, deeply wounded by an unloving mother and a weak father whom he hated, Norman Bethune struggled throughout his life to overcome deep emotional scars. Sexually inhibited, given to outbursts of near psychopathic rage, this wounded doctor healed himself through healing others. In the mid-1930s, Bethune emerged as a renowned surgeon fighting the twin plagues of disease and fascism. When Franco launched his offensive, Bethune travelled quickly to Madrid, organised a mobile transfusion service and, often under fire, brought blood to the wounded at the front. David Lethbridge presents the complex of Bethune's unique activities and personality as they intersected with history: His engagement with medical, political, and military civil war players, and the Communist party; his cadaver blood transfusion work with the Nobel Prize-winning geneticist, Hermann Muller; the profound effect that the Malaga atrocity had on him, and the role it played in his attempt to build "children's cities" outside war zones; his meeting with Graham Spry a high-ranking functionary in the Canadian social democratic party, the CCF; the unravelling of Bethune's romantic relationship with the Swedish journalist Kasja Rothman; the implications of his friendship with Henning Sorensen, a possibly secret member of the Communist Party of Canada, and the circumstances of the conspiracy that led to Bethune's ejection from Spain. The book concludes with Bethune's political tour throughout North America raising funds and public awareness on behalf of the Spanish Republic.

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Book SynopsisRobert Knox is now remembered chiefly as the Edinburgh doctor who dissected corpses supplied by Burke and Hare. His contemporaries knew him as the most celebrated anatomist in Britain, the author of a controversial book on race, and a radical natural philosopher with revolutionary ideas, who taught a generation of medical students that species and races were produced by the operation of biological laws, independent of design or providence. Though he did not achieve the theoretical breakthrough he hoped for, his writings offered a challenging alternative to Darwinism that anticipated later theories of rapid evolution. This academic biography is the first to examine the influence of Knox's radical upbringing, Parisian training and ethnological studies in the Cape Colony on the development of his 'higher' anatomy, which traced the multifarious forms of the animal kingdom to an ideal body plan supposedly common to all. New evidence is presented that the subsequent decline in his career, often attributed to the murder for dissection scandal, was a consequence of his opposition to the 1832 Anatomy Act and his refusal to comply with state regulation of anatomy schools. His uncompromising position is shown to have inspired the portrayal of anatomy in fiction -- where Knox appears more often than any other British doctor -- as a savage and ungovernable science. The book will appeal to all those interested in the far-reaching influence of Knox's anatomy on nineteenth-century medicine, evolutionary theory, aesthetics, physical anthropology, and the representation of anatomical science in popular culture.

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Book SynopsisThis is a study based on research into the records of the Nightingale Fund and how it was used to finance various experiments in nursing and midwifery training in the nineteenth century. It traces the development of nurse training and discusses the problems that beset a fledgling profession.Table of ContentsThe Nightingale Fund; founding the Nightingale school; St Thomas's Hospital moves to Surrey Gardens; training midwifery nurses; poor law nursing; nursing in military hospitals; district nursing; the Nightingale School moves to Lambeth; the Nightingale Training School, 1875-1890; the Fund Council and nursing politics; the Nightingale legacy at the beginning of the 20th century.

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Book SynopsisBaragwanath Hospital, Soweto illustrates how this rapidly growing, underfunded but surprisingly effective institution found the niche that allowed it to exist, to provide medical care to a massive patient body and at times even to flourish in the apartheid state. The book offers new ways of exploring the history of apartheid, apartheid medicine and health care. The long history of Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital (its full current name) or Bara, as it’s popularly known, has been shaped by a complex set of conditions. Established in the early 1940s, Bara stands on land purchased by the Cornish immigrant John Albert Baragwanath in the late nineteenth century. He set up a refreshment post, trading store and hotel on the site – in what is now Soweto – which was a one day journey by ox-wagon from Johannesburg. The hotel became affectionately known as ‘Baragwanath Place’ (the surname is Welsh, from ‘bara’ meaning ‘bread’ and ‘gwenith’ meaning’ wheat’). The land was then bought by Corner House Mining Group and later taken over by Crown Mines Ltd. but was never mined. The British government bought the land in the early 1940s to build a military hospital but by 1947, Baragwanath ceased to operate as a military hospital and under the auspices of the Transvaal Provincial Administration a civilian hospital was opened with 480 beds. Patients were transferred from the ‘non-European’ wing of the Johannesburg General Hospital in the ‘white’ area of Johannesburg. Links were immediately forged with the University of the Witwatersrand and Bara would over time become one of its largest teaching centres. This link brought medical students and their teachers into direct contact with apartheid in the medical sphere. This book will contribute to studies of the history of apartheid that have begun to provide a more nuanced account of its workings. The history of Baragwanath and of the doctors and nurses who worked there tells us much about apartheid ideology and practice, as well as resistance to it, in the realm of health care.Table of ContentsFrom Allied Military Hospital to Urban African Hospital; Apartheid and Administration: The Hospital, Provincial; Administration and the University of the Witwatersrand; Missionaries, Clinicians, Activists and Bara Boeties: The Doctors of Baragwanath Hospital; Black Nurses in White: The Nurses of Baragwanath Hospital; Chronic Contradictions: The Struggle of Baragwanath in the 1980s; Baragwanath's Transition and Legacy.

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Book SynopsisWinner of the 2021 Gierowski-Shmeruk PrizeShortlisted for the Folklore Society's Katharine Briggs Award 2021Jews have been active participants in shaping the healing practices of the communities of eastern Europe. Their approach largely combined the ideas of traditional Ashkenazi culture with the heritage of medieval and early modern medicine. Holy rabbis and faith healers, as well as Jewish barbers, innkeepers, and pedlars, all dispensed cures, purveyed folk remedies for different ailments, and gave hope to the sick and their families based on kabbalah, numerology, prayer, and magical Hebrew formulas. Nevertheless, as new sources of knowledge penetrated the traditional world, modern medical ideas gained widespread support. Jews became court physicians to the nobility, and when the universities were opened up to them many also qualified as doctors. At every stage, medicine proved an important field for cross-cultural contacts.Jewish historians and scholars of folk medicine alike will discover here fascinating sources never previously explored—manuscripts, printed publications, and memoirs in Yiddish and Hebrew but also in Polish, English, German, Russian, and Ukrainian. Marek Tuszewicki's careful study of these documents has teased out therapeutic advice, recipes, magical incantations, kabbalistic methods, and practical techniques, together with the ethical considerations that such approaches entailed. His research fills a gap in the study of folk medicine in eastern Europe, shedding light on little-known aspects of Ashkenazi culture, and on how the need to treat sickness brought Jews and their neighbours together.Trade ReviewReviews'A brilliant resource and an inevitable point of reference for further studies of Jewish medical customs and beliefs in late Ashkenaz. The author has compiled a wide range of material and presents it as an enthralling story about a world that is no more . . . a fascinating book, certainly a recommended read not only for academics but for anyone with an interest in eastern European Jewry.'Agata Paluch, The Polish Review'Marek Tuszewicki’s book is impressive in its broad scope and ambition . . . written in an engaging manner, it offers a synthetic picture while not stinting on detail.'Monika Adamczyk-Garbowska, Central Europe'When people's health is on the line, what people do is a very good indication of what they think. Behaviour related to health gives exceptional insights into the thought world of otherwise inarticulate, 'simple' Jews, as well of the more educated strata of society. The cures Jews used in nineteenth-century eastern Europe demonstrate how they understood the material world, while the frequent exchange of ideas and methods with non-Jews shows their openness to different perspectives when they felt it was necessary to achieve vital goals. Marek Tuszewicki's study should be required reading for anyone dealing seriously with east European Jewish social history and the history of modernization, especially the relations between Jews and non-Jews and how world-views change. By the way, it is also fascinating.'Shaul Stampfer, Hebrew University of Jerusalem'This is a meticulous study of the traditional Jewish medical practices of eastern Europe. The source base in Polish and Yiddish is impressive, as is the comprehensive survey of secondary literature. The approach is very original, combining nineteenth-century ethnography with modern anthropological interpretative methods. This makes the book rich with material, but analytical and interpretative at the same time.'Marcin Wodziński, University of Wrocław'A Frog Under the Tongue is a triumph of archival excavation and academic interpretation. It is a work of clear interest not only to folklorists, but also to scholars of religious practice and of linguistics, and to researchers across the broad field of medical humanities ... Tuszewicki shows how important a knowledge of medical beliefs is in understanding how a society and culture functions — and what role folklore can play in discovering this.' Ross MacFarlane, Folklore‘[A]n erudite cataloging of the varied ways Eastern European Jews dealt with treating and warding off illness... Tuszewicki provides a highly documented, rich glimpse into a remarkable aspect of a lost world.’ S. V. Greenberg, ChoiceTable of ContentsIntroduction PART I. HEALTH AND SICKNESS IN THE CULTURE OF ASHKENAZI JEWS 1. Health as a Value 2. Biblical and Talmudic Tradition 3. In the Family Circle 4. Feldshers and Healers 5. Tsadikim and Physicians PART II. A WORLD OF SIMILARITIES AND SIGNS 6. Microcosm and Macrocosm 7. Humoral Pathology 8. Astrology PART III. Redemption and Festivals 9. Sin and Redemption 10. Festivals and Rituals PART IV. UNCLEAN FORCES 11. Diseases as Demonic Beings 12. Demons and Witches 13. The Evil Eye 14. Fright Conclusion Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisThe study of ancient medicine has been revolutionised over the last half century and Vivian Nutton has been a leading figure. Here distinguished colleagues and former students offer essays in his honour, developing themes from his ground-breaking scholarship. The book explores the diversity of the ancient medical marketplace. From the Bronze Age to Classical Antiquity (with glimpses forward to the Digital Age), from the cult of Artemis to the corpuscular theories of Asclepiades of Bithynia, from the medicinal uses of beavers to the cost of healthcare and wet-nursing, and from remedy exchange to the medical repercussions of political assassination.Trade ReviewThis is an extremely diverse collection ... As a result, historians of medicine will find most, if not all, of the chapters diverting and thought-provoking. * Classics for All *It is certainly a new valuable acquisition in the field of the history of ancient medicine, showing that it was not only a matter of scientific theories and of practical techniques, but also a living part of the society, its economy, and its culture. * Classical Press of Wales *Table of ContentsAcknowledgements List of contributors Abbreviations and sigla Introduction: Vivian Nutton and the rise of ancient medicine, Rebecca Flemming PART I: Prices and Exchange 1. The cost of health: rich and poor in imperial Rome, Véronique Boudon-Millot 2. Healing correspondence: letters and remedy exchange in the Graeco-Roman world, Laurence M. V. Totelin 3. Dioscorides on beavers, John Scarborough 4. The cost of a baby: how much did it cost to hire a wet-nurse in Roman Egypt?, Antonio Ricciardetto and Danielle Gourevitch PART II: Pluralism and Diversity 5. A return to cases and the pluralism of ancient medical traditions, G.E.R. Lloyd 6. Malaria, childbirth and the cult of Artemis, Elizabeth Craik 7. Medicine, markets and movement in the Bronze Age Mediterranean: a Mycenaean healing deity at Hattuša-Bogazköy, Robert Arnott 8. Antistius Medicus and the ides of March, Ann Ellis Hanson 9. Notes on three Asclepiadean doctors, David Leith 10. Hippocratic whispers: telling the story of the life of Hippocrates on the internet, Helen King Bibliography Bibliography of Vivian Nutton’s works Index

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Book SynopsisThis collection highlights and nuances some of the recent critical advances in scholarship on death and disease, across and beyond the pre-modern Mediterranean world, Christian, Islamic and Jewish healing traditions. Across and beyond the pre-modern Mediterranean world, Christian, Islamic and Jewish healing traditions shared inherited medical paradigms containing similar healthy living precepts and attitudes toward body, illness and mortality. Yet, as the chapters collected here demonstrate, customs of diagnosing, explaining and coping with disease and death often diverged with respect to knowledge and practice. Offering a variety of disciplinary approaches to a broad selection of material emerging from England to the Persian Gulf, the volume reaches across conventional disciplinary and historiographical boundaries. Plague diagnoses in pre-Black Death Arabic medical texts, rare, illustrated phlebotomy instructions for plague patients, and a Jewish plague tract utilising the Torah as medicine reflect critical re-examinations of primary sources long thought to have nothing new to offer. Novel re-interpretations of Giovanni Villani's "New Chronicle", canonisation inquests and saints' lives offer fresh considerations of medieval constructions of epidemics, disabilities, and the interplay between secular and spiritual healing. Cross-disciplinary perspectives recast late medieval post-mortem diagnoses in Milan as a juridical - rather than strictly medical - practice, highlight the aural performativity of the Franciscan deathbed liturgy, explore the long evolution of lapidary treatments for paediatric and obstetric diseases and thrust us into the Ottoman polychromatic sensory world of disease and death. Finally, considerations of the contributions of modern science alongside historical primary sources generates important new ways to understand death and disease in the past. Overall, the contributions juxtapose and interlace similarities and differences in their local and historical contexts, while highlighting and nuancing some of the recent critical advances in scholarship on death and disease - two historiographical subfields long approached separately.Table of ContentsIntersections: Disease and Death, Medicine and Religion, Medieval and Early Modern LORI JONES, NÜKHET VARLIK AND WINSTON BLACK PART I: DIAGNOSING, EXPLAINING AND RECORDING 1 Knowing the Signs of Disease: Plague in the Arabic Medical Commentaries between the First and Second Pandemics NAHYAN FANCY 2 The Legal Foundations of Post-Mortem Diagnosis in Later Medieval Milan ANN G. CARMICHAEL 3 Epidemic Illness in the Last Book of Giovanni Villani's New Chronicle, 1345-1348: Warfare, Sin and the Heavens NICOLE ARCHAMBEAU 4 Colours of Disease and Death in the Early Modern Ottoman Cultural Imagination NÜKHET VARLIK PART II: COPING, PREVENTING AND HEALING 5 The Role of Music in a Franciscan Liturgy for the End of Life, as Evidenced in Manuscript Newberry 24 ELAINE STRATTON HILD 6 Medical and Spiritual Healing of Death and Disease in Medieval Miracle Stories JENNIFER C. EDWARDS 7 Infirmity and Death-Wishes in Medieval French and Italian Canonisation Processes JENNI KUULIALA 8 Bubo Men? Repurposing Medieval Anatomic Illustrations for Plague Therapy in the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries LORI JONES 9 Psalm 38 as Plague Diagnostic and Prophylactic in Abraham Yagel's Moshi'ah Ḥosim (1587) ANDREW BERNS 10 The Protection of Innocents: Red Coral as a Lapidary Cure for the 'Children's Disease' and Conditions Related to Childbirth in Medieval and Early Modern England NICHOLA E. HARRIS PART III: STUDYING, ANALYSING AND INTERPRETING 11 Leprosy in Medieval Europe: An Immunological and Syndemic Approach FABIAN CRESPO 12 Past Plagues: On the Synergies of Genetic and Historical Interpretations of Infectious Disease HENDRIK POINAR SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY INDEX

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Book SynopsisDrawing upon a surprising wealth of evidence found in surviving manuscripts, this book restores friars to their rightful place in the history of English health care. Friars are often overlooked in the picture of health care in late medieval England. Physicians, surgeons, apothecaries, barbers, midwives - these are the people we think of immediately as agents of healing; whilst we identify university teachers as authorities on medical writings. Yet from their first appearance in England in the 1220s to the dispersal of the friaries in the 1530s, four orders of friars were active as healers of every type. Their care extended beyond the circle of their own brethren: patients included royalty, nobles and bishops, and they also provided charitable aid and relief to the poor. They wrote about medicine too. Bartholomew the Englishman and Roger Bacon were arguably the most influential authors, alongside the Dominican Henry Daniel. Nor should we forget the anonymous Franciscan compilers of the Tabula medicine, a handbook of cures, which, amongst other items, contains case histories of friars practising medicine. Even after the Reformation, these texts continued to circulate and find new readers amongst practitioners and householders. This book restores friars to their rightful place in the history of English health care, exploring the complex, productive entanglement between care of the soul and healing of the body, in both theoretical and practical terms. Drawing upon the surprising wealth of evidence found in the surviving manuscripts, it brings to light individuals such as William Holme (c. 1400), and his patient the duke of York (d. 1402), who suffered from swollen legs. Holme also wrote about medicinal simples and gave instructions for dealing with eye and voice problems experienced by his brother Franciscans. Friars from the thirteenth century onwards wrote their medicine differently, reflecting their religious vocation as preachers and confessors.Table of ContentsIntroduction 1. Friars Practising Medicine 2. William Holme, medicus 3. Writing Medicine Differently 4. The Medical Culture of Friars 5. Souls and Bodies 6. Creeping into Homes 7. The Legacy of Friars' Medicine Conclusion Appendix 1: Friar practitioners Appendix 2: Friars as medical authors and compilers Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisDr. James Burt believed women’s bodies were broken, and only he could fix them. In the 1950s, this Ohio OB-GYN developed what he called “love surgery,” a unique procedure he maintained enhanced the sexual responses of a new mother, transforming her into “a horny little house mouse.” Burt did so without first getting the consent of his patients. Yet he was allowed to practice for over thirty years, mutilating hundreds of women in the process. It would be easy to dismiss Dr. Burt as a monstrous aberration, a modern-day Dr. Frankenstein. Yet as medical historian Sarah Rodriguez reveals, that’s not the whole story. The Love Surgeon asks tough questions about Burt’s heinous acts and what they reveal about the failures of the medical establishment: How was he able to perform an untested surgical procedure? Why wasn’t he obliged to get informed consent from his patients? And why did it take his peers so long to take action?The Love Surgeon is both a medical horror story and a cautionary tale about the limits of professional self-regulation.Trade Review"The Love Surgeon is an important, riveting story that has great relevance to contemporary issues in medical ethics and science policy. Rodriguez has drawn on a broad range of sources to create a lively and engaging book." -- Heather Munro Prescott * author of The Morning After: A History of Emergency Contraception in the United States *"We need thoughtful medical historians to counter assumed narratives, and Sarah Rodriguez proves exactly why journalists’ accounts fail us. Taking the normative account of a 'love surgeon,' Rodriguez weaves a brilliant accounting of medical regulation and the structure of surgical innovation with journalists’ responses to a seemingly 'one off' horror story of the medicalizing of women’s bodies and patients’ experiences. She provides an exemplary history of medicine book that ought to be read and taught widely." -- Susan M. Reverby * author of Examining Tuskegee: The Infamous Syphilis Study and its Legacy *"The Love Surgeon is a brilliant exposition of the hazards of medical entrepreneurship and the 'consumerification' of American health care. Sarah Rodriguez tells us the intertwined stories of James Burt, a gynecological surgeon skilled at self-promotion, the patients who trusted him, and the colleagues who tried to stop him. She documents, with perceptive, sobering detail, how existing traditions of informed consent and medical self-regulation failed to rein in this self-styled 'Love Doctor.' By showing why it took so long to get Burt’s medical license revoked, Rodriguez exposes problems with medical self-governance and patient education that still beset us. This book should be required reading for every new physician." -- Nancy Tomes * author of Remaking the American Patient: How Madison Avenue and Modern Medicine into Patients into C *"New Books Network - New Books in Medicine" interview with Sarah B. Rodriguez https://newbooksnetwork.com/sarah-b-rodriguez-the-love-surgeon-a-story-of-trust-harm-and-the-limits-of-medical-regulation-rutgers-up-2020/ * New Books Network - New Books in Medicine *"Rodriguez does a commendable job of not just showing the development of the surgery, but how Burt’s views on sex influenced the procedure [and] also does an excellent job shining light on the problems women face when they must deal with a healthcare system dominated by men." * Nursing Clio *"The Love Surgeon is a thought provoking read that raises critical and sensitive issues in medicine. It allows readers to see themselves in Burt's surgeries, but also provides readers with critical historical insight into the intersections of health care, the law, and society." * World Medical & Health Policy *"The book serves as a powerful reminder of the complexities and general messiness associated with complaints and disciplinary cases involving quality of care—qualities often exacerbated by the inherent system that seemed to expel closer scrutiny from its orbit with an almost centrifugal force. Burt’s victims suffered from similar feelings as well as a sense of personal shame at the damage wrought to their bodies." * Journal of Medical Regulation *Table of ContentsAcknowledgements Janet Phillips, 1981 Introduction | Creepy Surgery Performed on New Moms 1 | The One in the White Coat, 1921-1978 2 | Dayton Doctor Develops Corrective Surgery, 1975-1978Janet Phillips, 1981 3 | Surgical Development & Regulation 4 | The Dayton Medical Community Reacts, 1976-1980 5 | Investigating the Medical Profession in Ohio, 1980-1986 Janet Phillips, 1981-1984 6 | Turn Your Radio on for the Love Surgeon, 1978-1988 7 | The Women & the Surgery, 1970-1986 Janet Phillips, 1986-1987 8 | Tabloid Headlines, 1988-1989 9 | Surgery of Love on Trial Conclusion | Stock AssumptionsAppendix | Questions to ask if having an elective surgeryReferences

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Book SynopsisDr. James Burt believed women’s bodies were broken, and only he could fix them. In the 1950s, this Ohio OB-GYN developed what he called “love surgery,” a unique procedure he maintained enhanced the sexual responses of a new mother, transforming her into “a horny little house mouse.” Burt did so without first getting the consent of his patients. Yet he was allowed to practice for over thirty years, mutilating hundreds of women in the process. It would be easy to dismiss Dr. Burt as a monstrous aberration, a modern-day Dr. Frankenstein. Yet as medical historian Sarah Rodriguez reveals, that’s not the whole story. The Love Surgeon asks tough questions about Burt’s heinous acts and what they reveal about the failures of the medical establishment: How was he able to perform an untested surgical procedure? Why wasn’t he obliged to get informed consent from his patients? And why did it take his peers so long to take action?The Love Surgeon is both a medical horror story and a cautionary tale about the limits of professional self-regulation.Trade Review"The Love Surgeon is an important, riveting story that has great relevance to contemporary issues in medical ethics and science policy. Rodriguez has drawn on a broad range of sources to create a lively and engaging book." -- Heather Munro Prescott * author of The Morning After: A History of Emergency Contraception in the United States *"We need thoughtful medical historians to counter assumed narratives, and Sarah Rodriguez proves exactly why journalists’ accounts fail us. Taking the normative account of a 'love surgeon,' Rodriguez weaves a brilliant accounting of medical regulation and the structure of surgical innovation with journalists’ responses to a seemingly 'one off' horror story of the medicalizing of women’s bodies and patients’ experiences. She provides an exemplary history of medicine book that ought to be read and taught widely." -- Susan M. Reverby * author of Examining Tuskegee: The Infamous Syphilis Study and its Legacy *"The Love Surgeon is a brilliant exposition of the hazards of medical entrepreneurship and the 'consumerification' of American health care. Sarah Rodriguez tells us the intertwined stories of James Burt, a gynecological surgeon skilled at self-promotion, the patients who trusted him, and the colleagues who tried to stop him. She documents, with perceptive, sobering detail, how existing traditions of informed consent and medical self-regulation failed to rein in this self-styled 'Love Doctor.' By showing why it took so long to get Burt’s medical license revoked, Rodriguez exposes problems with medical self-governance and patient education that still beset us. This book should be required reading for every new physician." -- Nancy Tomes * author of Remaking the American Patient: How Madison Avenue and Modern Medicine into Patients into C *"New Books Network - New Books in Medicine" interview with Sarah B. Rodriguez https://newbooksnetwork.com/sarah-b-rodriguez-the-love-surgeon-a-story-of-trust-harm-and-the-limits-of-medical-regulation-rutgers-up-2020/ * New Books Network - New Books in Medicine *"Rodriguez does a commendable job of not just showing the development of the surgery, but how Burt’s views on sex influenced the procedure [and] also does an excellent job shining light on the problems women face when they must deal with a healthcare system dominated by men." * Nursing Clio *"The Love Surgeon is a thought provoking read that raises critical and sensitive issues in medicine. It allows readers to see themselves in Burt's surgeries, but also provides readers with critical historical insight into the intersections of health care, the law, and society." * World Medical & Health Policy *"The book serves as a powerful reminder of the complexities and general messiness associated with complaints and disciplinary cases involving quality of care—qualities often exacerbated by the inherent system that seemed to expel closer scrutiny from its orbit with an almost centrifugal force. Burt’s victims suffered from similar feelings as well as a sense of personal shame at the damage wrought to their bodies." * Journal of Medical Regulation *Table of ContentsAcknowledgements Janet Phillips, 1981 Introduction | Creepy Surgery Performed on New Moms 1 | The One in the White Coat, 1921-1978 2 | Dayton Doctor Develops Corrective Surgery, 1975-1978Janet Phillips, 1981 3 | Surgical Development & Regulation 4 | The Dayton Medical Community Reacts, 1976-1980 5 | Investigating the Medical Profession in Ohio, 1980-1986 Janet Phillips, 1981-1984 6 | Turn Your Radio on for the Love Surgeon, 1978-1988 7 | The Women & the Surgery, 1970-1986 Janet Phillips, 1986-1987 8 | Tabloid Headlines, 1988-1989 9 | Surgery of Love on Trial Conclusion | Stock AssumptionsAppendix | Questions to ask if having an elective surgeryReferences

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Book SynopsisFirst place in the 2020 American Journal of Nursing Book of the Year Award in History and Public Policy​Winner of the 2020 Lavinia L. Dock Award from the American Association for the History of NursingTalking Therapy traces the rise of modern psychiatric nursing in the United States from the 1930s to the 1970s. Through an analysis of the relationship between nurses and other mental health professions, with an emphasis on nursing scholarship, this book demonstrates the inherently social construction of ‘mental health’, and highlights the role of nurses in challenging, and complying with, modern approaches to psychiatry. After WWII, heightened cultural and political emphasis on mental health for social stability enabled the development of psychiatric nursing as a distinct knowledge project through which nurses aimed to transform institutional approaches to patient care, and to contribute to health and social science beyond the bedside. Nurses now take for granted the ideas that underpin their relationships with patients, but this book demonstrates that these were ideas not easily won, and that nurses in the past fought hard to make mental health nursing what it is today. Trade Review"Talking Therapy is thoughtful, well-written, and covers much new ground. Her treatment of gender strikes me as having perfect pitch, and her analysis is well-grounded in psychiatric historiography, aware of both classics and recent work." -- Jonathan Sadowsky * author of Depression: A History *"In this engaging and essential book, Kylie Smith restores psychiatric nurses to their central place in the history of mental health, chronicling their struggles for professional legitimacy as they cared for the afflicted while entering a larger conversation focused on healing the nation’s damaged psyche." -- Elizabeth Lunbeck * author of The Americanization of Narcissism *"This incredible book is a much-needed addition to the history of nursing scholarship, but more so to the history of caring for those with mental illnesses. Smith illustrates how ideas about caregiving for this historically marginalized population informed not only psychiatric nursing but nursing more broadly. The book will help current day practitioners examine the underpinnings of their own ideas of caring for mentally ill patients." -- Julie Fairman * author of Making Room in the Clinic *"Talking Therapy is thus a valuable contribution to the history of twentieth-century American psychiatry and mental health, moving nurses from the margins to the center of that history. It highlights the complex, intersecting, and shifting relationship between nurses and psychiatrists; the intellectual and political work nurses have done to transform patient care; and the interprofessional, gender, racial, and knowledge politics that continue to shape the American health care system." * Bulletin of the History of Medicine *"Smith has the complicated task of bringing together two major areas of secondary literature—the history of nursing and the history of psychiatry....Smith raises important questions and her book is among the first to fill the enormous void in the history of nurses in psychiatry [and] it is a mark of the value of Smith's Talking Therapy that she has generated more questions than she can answer. We can look forward to works by Smith and other future scholars to further elucidate the critical role of nurses in psychiatry." * Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences *"A valuable and timely book that will be of interest to historians of psychiatry and health professionals." * Social History of Medicine *Table of ContentsContents List of Illustrations List of Abbreviations Introduction 1 “The backbone of every mental hospital”: Defining nursing in early psychiatry 2 “The Gospel of Mental Hygiene”: Reimagining practice before WWII 3 “The Future of Nursing”: Creating Advanced Practice Courses in Psychiatry 4 “We called it talking with patients”: Interpersonal Relations and the Idea of Nurses as Therapists 5 “The number one social problem”: Mental Health and American Democracy Conclusion Epilogue Acknowledgments Notes Index

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Book Synopsis Four decades have passed since reports of a mysterious “gay cancer” first appeared in US newspapers. In the ensuing years, the pandemic that would come to be called AIDS changed the world in innumerable ways. It also gave rise to one of the late twentieth century’s largest health-based empowerment movements. Scholars across diverse traditions have documented the rise of the AIDS activist movement, chronicling the impassioned echoes of protestors who took to the streets to demand “drugs into bodies.” And yet not all activism creates echoes. Included among the ranks of 1980s and 1990s-era AIDS activists were individuals whose expressions of empowerment differed markedly from those demanding open access to mainstream pharmaceutical agents. Largely forgotten today, this activist tradition was comprised of individuals who embraced unorthodox approaches for conceptualizing and treating their condition. Rejecting biomedical expertise, they shared alternative clinical paradigms, created underground networks for distributing unorthodox nostrums, and endorsed etiological models that challenged the association between HIV and AIDS. The theatre of their protests was not the streets of New York City’s Greenwich Village but rather their bodies. And their language was not the riotous chants of public demonstration but the often-invisible embrace of contrarian systems for defining and treating their disease. The Sounds of Furious Living seeks to understand the AIDS activist tradition, identifying the historical currents out of which it arose. Embracing a patient-centered, social historical lens, it traces historic shifts in popular understanding of health and perceptions of biomedicine through the nineteenth and twentieth centuries to explain the lasting appeal of unorthodox health activism into the modern era. In asking how unorthodox health activism flourished during the twentieth century’s last major pandemic, Kelly also seeks to inform our understanding of resistance to biomedical authority in the setting of the twenty-first century’s first major pandemic: COVID-19. As a deeply researched portrait of distrust and disenchantment, The Sounds of Furious Living helps explain the persistence of movements that challenge biomedicine’s authority well into a century marked by biomedical innovation, while simultaneously posing important questions regarding the meaning and metrics of patient empowerment in clinical practice.Trade Review“The Sounds of Furious Living fits within the history of 'unorthodox' medicine, but in a more nuanced and theoretical way, providing new insight into this tradition that never really went away—there is nothing like this out there now. Matthew Kelly has done an impressive job.” -- Susan Reverby * author of Co-Conspirator for Justice: The Revolutionary Life of Dr. Alan Berkman *Table of ContentsList of Acronyms Introduction: Acknowledging the Everyday Part I: The Soils of Unorthodoxy: Irregular and Alternative Medicine in U.S. History 1 Situating Unorthodox AIDS Activism within the History of Medicine in the United States 2 A Broken Model: Twentieth-Century Transformations in the Social Constructions of Health and Disease 3 A Broken Trust: The Changing Character of Health Care Part II: The Seeds of Unorthodoxy: The Emergence of Unorthodox AIDS Activism 4 Everyday Unorthodoxies and the People with AIDS Coalition (PWAC) 5 Patient, Heal Thyself: The History of Health Education AIDS Liaison (HEAL) Conclusion: Listening to and Learning from the Sounds of Furious Living Acknowledgments Notes Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisThis open access book offers a comprehensive overview of the history of genomics across three different species and four decades, from the 1980s to the recent past. It takes an inclusive approach in order to capture not only the international initiatives to map and sequence the genomes of various organisms, but also the work of smaller-scale institutions engaged in the mapping and sequencing of yeast, human and pig DNA. In doing so, the authors expand the historiographical lens of genomics from a focus on large-scale projects to other forms of organisation. They show how practices such as genome mapping, sequence assembly and annotation are as essential as DNA sequencing in the history of genomics, and argue that existing depictions of genomics are too closely associated with the Human Genome Project. Exploring the use of genomic tools by biochemists, cell biologists, and medical and agriculturally-oriented geneticists, this book portrays the history of genomics as inseparably entangled with the day-to-day practices and objectives of these communities. The authors also uncover often forgotten actors such as the European Commission, a crucial funder and forger of collaborative networks undertaking genomic projects. In examining historical trajectories across species, communities and projects, the book provides new insights on genomics, its dramatic expansion during the late twentieth-century and its developments in the twenty-first century. Offering the first extensive critical examination of the nature and historicity of reference genomes, this book demonstrates how their affordances and limitations are shaped by the involvement or absence of particular communities in their production. Table of ContentsChapter 1. IntroductionPart I. The Diversity of GenomicsChapter 2. Distributed and Concentrated Strategies in the Sequencing of the Yeast GenomeChapter 3. The Human Genome Project(s)Part II. Communities and Reference GenomesChapter 4. The Funnelling Effect of the Sanger InstituteChapter 5. The Pig Community and Their Reference GenomePart III. Contextualising and Enhancing Reference GenomesChapter 6. Making Reference Genomes Useful: AnnotationChapter 7. Improving and Going Beyond Reference GenomesChapter 8. Conclusion

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Book SynopsisThis book is the result of extensive archival research conducted on the Collection “Silvano Arieti Papers” held in the Manuscript Division of the Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. It offers readers the first scientific biography of the renowned Italian-born psychiatrist Silvano Arieti, who in 1939 emigrated to the United States, where he gained fame and recognition for his work on schizophrenia. In 1975, the second edition of his book, Interpretation of Schizophrenia, received the National Book Award in Science. The book has been cast as a twofold journey: an exploration of the life of a psychiatrist and scientist and an overview of twentieth century psychiatry and its significant issues, debates, and transformations. Readers will find useful insights for a better understanding of psychiatry as a discipline capable of portraying the complexity of human nature. Table of Contents

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Book SynopsisThis edited volume explores the intersection of medicine and philosophy throughout history, calling attention to the role of quantification in understanding the medical body. Retracing current trends and debates to examine the quantification of the body throughout the early modern, modern and early contemporary age, the authors contextualise important issues of both medical and philosophical significance, with chapters focusing on the quantification of temperaments and fluids, complexions, functions of the living body, embryology, and the impact of quantified reasoning on the concepts of health and illness. With insights spanning from the sixteenth century to the nineteenth century, this book provides a wide-ranging overview of attempts to ‘quantify’ the human body at various points. Arguing that medicine and philosophy have been constantly in dialogue with each other, the authors discuss how this provided a strategic opportunity both for medical thought and philosophy to refine and further develop. Given today’s fascination with the quantification of the body, represented by the growing profusion of self-tracking devices logging one’s sleep, diet or mood, this collection offers an important and timely contribution to an emerging and interdisciplinary field of study.Table of ContentsChapter 1: Introduction, Simone Guidi and Joaquim Braga.- Chapter 2: The More the Years the Less the Food: Alvise Cornaro on The Sober Life (1558), Laura Madella.-Chapter 3: The Quantification of Talents: Education, Galenic Humoralism, and Classification of Wits in Early Modern Culture, Luana Salvarani.- Chapter 4: Quali-Quantitative Measurement in Francis Bacon’s Medicine. Towards a New Branch of Mixed Mathematics, Silvia Manzo.- Chapter 5: Sanctorius’s Weighing Chair: Measurement, Metabolism, and Mind, Jan Purnis.- Chapter 6: The Rise of Quantitative Biology in the Cartesian Age: the Theories of Preformation, Mariangela Priarolo.- Chapter 7: “Nature is more subtle than any mathematician”: Giorgio Baglivi on Fluids in the Human Body, Luca Tonetti.- Chapter 8: “The Human Body Should Be Investigated in All Its Details to The Most Precise Degree…”. Leibniz on Quantification in Medicine, Osvaldo Ottaviani.- Chapter 9: Data vs Mathesis: Contrasting Epistemologies in some Mechanizations and Quantifications of Medicine, Simone Guidi.- Chapter 10: The Pulse Watch and the Physician’s Senses: John Floyer on the Quantification of the Body, Marco Storni.- Chapter 11: Against the Quantification of the Living: Hegel’s Critique of Romantic Naturphilosophie in the Phenomenology of Spirit, Gaetano Basileo.- Chapter 12: Measuring the Mind: The French Debate on Fechner’s Psychophysics in the Late 19th Century, Denise Vincenti.

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Book SynopsisThis open access book offers new insights into the Venetian physician Sanctorius Sanctorius (1561–1636) and into the origins of quantification in medicine. At the turn of the seventeenth century, Sanctorius developed instruments to measure and quantify physiological change. As trivial as the quantitative assessment of health issues might seem to us today – in times of fitness trackers and smart watches – it was highly innovative at that time. With his instruments, Sanctorius introduced quantitative research into the field of physiology. Historical accounts of Sanctorius and his work tend to tell the story of a genius who, almost out of the blue, invented a new medical science, based on measurement and quantification, that profoundly influenced modernity. Abandoning the “genius narrative,” this book examines Sanctorius and his work in the broader perspective of processes of knowledge transformation in early modern medicine. It is the first systematic study to include the entire range of the physician’s intellectual and practical activities. Adopting a material culture perspective, the research draws on the contemporary reconstruction of Sanctorius’s most famous instrument: the Sanctorian weighing chair. And here it departs from past studies that focus mainly on Sanctorius’s thinking rather than on his making and doing. The book also re-evaluates Sanctorius’s role in the wider process of the early transformation of medical culture in the early modern period, a process that ultimately led to the abandonment of Galenic medicine and to the introduction of a new medical science, based on the use of quantification and measurement in medical research. The book is therefore an important contribution to the history of medicine and historical epistemology aimed at historians of science and philosophy.Table of ContentsAcknowledgements.- Preface (Dr. Matteo Valleriani).- Introduction.- List of Figures.- Abbreviations and Short Titles.- Chapter 1. Sanctorius Sanctorius—Between Koper and Venice.- Chapter 2. Sanctorius’s Galenism.- Chapter 3. Sanctorius’s Work in its Practical Context.- Chapter 4. Quantification in Galenic Medicine.- Chapter 5. Quantification and Certainty.- Chapter 6. The Measuring Instruments.- Chapter 7. Sanctorius Revisited.- List of Appendices.

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Book SynopsisGalen hat als Gladiatorenarzt in Pergamon, als Freund etlicher Mitglieder der römischen Oberschicht und als Hausarzt der Kaiser in Rom die Lebensbedingungen aller Schichten der römischen Gesellschaft des 2. Jahrhunderts n. Chr. kennen gelernt. Die vorliegende Arbeit unternimmt erstmals eine Auswertung des gesamten Corpus Galenicum für die Sozialgeschichte der römischen Kaiserzeit. Dabei wird die besondere Perspektive berücksichtigt, die sich aus Galens Herkunft und Laufbahn sowie der Motivation seiner Schriften ergibt. Die Darstellung folgt zunächst der Biographie Galens, bietet aber auch übergreifende Kapitel, z. B. zur Sklaverei.

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Book Synopsis

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Book Synopsis

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Book Synopsis

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Book Synopsis

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Book SynopsisManfred Schmidbauer zeigt die Entwicklungslinien und die Wege der Neurologie von der Neuzeit bis in die Gegenwart und zwar nicht als chronologische Prozession, sondern als Etappen mit rasanten Fortschritten, Rückschritten, Stillständen und Irrwegen in einem Spannungsfeld zwischen Tradition, Erfahrung, Soziologie, Theorie und Behandlungspraxis einer gegebenen Epoche. Der fiktive Erzähler vermittelt als neurologischer Patient und Arzt in einer Person zwischen Neurologie, Kulturgeschichte und praktischer Lebenserfahrung. Seine Mitpatienten sind die Basis für die vielen Fallbeschreibungen, die den Kranken ins Blickfeld rücken und zeigen, dass hinter jeder Erkrankung trotz aller Klassifikationen ein individuelles Leiden steht. Dieses Buch zeigt die neurologischen Krankheiten der Gegenwart als das, was sie trotz aller Fortschritte geblieben sind: Eine leidvolle Auseinandersetzung zwischen einer Störung des Nervensystems und der geistigen, emotionalen und sozialen Kompetenz des Patienten und seines Umfeldes.Trade Review“Der ‘Nerventurm’ ist ein aufregender Roman über unser Gehirn, über Ethik und Liebe ... Anhand spannender und berührender Geschichten erzählt er sehr einfühlsam, wie sich neurologische Erkrankungen ins Leben einschleichen ... Schmidbauer führt den Leser durch die vielfältige Landschaft der Erkrankungen unseres Gehirns ... Der ‘Nerventurm’-Leser gerät unter Schmidbauers Führung mitten hinein in die faszinierende Geschichte neurologischer Diskussionen über Genie, Kriminalität und Wahnsinn ...“ Kronen Zeitung Wien 18.3.2006 "… eine Zeitreise durch die Geschichte der Neurologie. Vor allem ist ‚Der Nerventurm’ aber ein Buch über die Liebe geworden. Sie zieht sich wie ein roter Faden durch die Seiten: von der Liebe zur Wissenschaft, bis hin zur Liebe, ‚die Menschen formt, aber nicht verbiegt oder bricht’ … Schmidbauer zeigt mit seinen Geschichten … wie erst eine schwere Krankheit Menschen einen neuen Sinn in ihrem Leben erkennen läßt oder ihnen eine ganz neue Form der Lebenskraft gibt …" Die Presse 31.7.2006 "... Abgesehen von Neurologen wünscht man diesem Buch auch viele Laieninteressenten, weil die Botschaften allgemeingültig und die Fallberichte kostbar wie Edelsteine sind. Der zweigleisige und stark verdichtete Gedankenstrom dieses mit Herzblut geschriebenen Buches wird durch ein Namens-, ein Sach- und ein umfangreiches Literaturverzeichnis ergänzt, sodass der Leser auch die Quellen der historischen Konzepte einsehen kann." Pro Med 2/2006 Table of ContentsNeurologie — Meine Eroberung Im Zweiten Anlauf.- Rupert — Eine Begegnung Der Besonderen Art.- Ich Hatte Eine Zur Neurologie Disponierende Kindheit.- Die Vorlesung Für Alle Fakultäten.- Die Ärzte Im Nerventurm.- Im Kreise Der Familie.- Der Zwerg.- Die Metamorphose.- Im Sozialraum.- Gerda M..- Der Rat Der Sterne Und Die Kraft Der KrÄuter.- Das Trojanische Pferd Aus San Fran (14–17).- Der Bergsteiger.- Wie Werde Ich Zu Dem, Der Ich Sein Soll.- Ruperts Manifest.- Eheglück Aus Neurologischen Gründen.- Der Myastheniker.- Der Fallschirm.- Incognito Aus Mexiko (22).- Wie Staunte Da Der Moralist Im Angesicht Der Ethik!.- Karli.- Opfer An Die Kunst.- Automaten, Androide, Maschinenmenschen (11, 13).- Die Karyatide.- Undines Fluch.- Schwarzfahrer Im Limbischen Labyrinth (35–37).- Der Totale Augenblick.- Lebendig Begraben Und Fast Gestorben Auf Zeitgenössisch.- Der Neurologische Aussendienst.- Das Zwiebelschalengeheimnis (52).- Der Komponist.- Zur Person Des Professors.- Der Gehörlose.- Die Famulanten.- R. Im Schnee.- Ein Mann Des Lebenslangen Wortes.- Der Lektor Für Kunstgeschichte (62–63).- Die Nekrologie Der Melancholie.- Der Soldat R.T. a. D..- Xandi.- Die Liebe Und Ihre Neurologischen Folgen, I. Teil Bach ? Mendelsohn ? Mahler.- Dagmar W..- Der Liebe Gott.- Schneegestöber.- Die Wiedergeburt.- Die Neurologischen Folgen Der Liebe, II. Teil Michaels Geschichte Zum Abschied.- Viki (114–117).

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Book SynopsisWien – medizinisch. Auch von dieser Seite kann Wien betra- tet werden. Spuren finden sich in dieser Stadt fast überall, war sie doch – medizinhistorisch betrachtet – noch vor gar nicht allzu langer Zeit das „Mekka der Medizin“. 15 Spaziergänge durch das alte medizinische Wien sind - schrieben. Natürlich konzentrieren sich die Touren um die - nere Stadt und den neunten Bezirk, denn hier war das mitt- alterliche Wien und am Alsergrund entstand das Allgemeine Krankenhaus. Einige Touren führen jedoch auch aus der Stadt hinaus und zeigen Wien von versteckteren Blickwinkeln. L- gen sie doch abseits der ausgetretenen touristischen Pfade und entwickeln so einen ganz eigenen Reiz. Die Orientierung im Buch – und hoffentlich auch in Wien – fällt leicht. Hat man sich für eine Tour entschieden, hält man sich an den Übersichtsplan. Da der Mensch nicht nur von - dizin allein lebt, gibt es zusätzlich noch kunsthistorische No- zen und eine Liste guter Gast- und Kaffeehäuser. So lassen sich die gewonnenen Eindrücke sogar „wiengerecht“ verdauen. Den Museen ohne fixe Öffnungszeiten, sie enthalten Spezi- sammlungen, die es so nur in Wien gibt, ist eine eigene Mu- umstour gewidmet. Viel Spaß beim touren durch ein anderes Wien, sowohl für jene, die die Stadt zum ersten Mal erkunden als auch für jene, die sie als „ihre Stadt“ bezeichnen.Table of ContentsINHALTSVERZEICHNIS Eine ganz kurze Geschichte der Wiener Medizin.- Tour 1: Von der alten Universität zum Stephansplatz Tour 2: Vom Stephansplatz durch die Innere Stadt Tour 3: Die Ringrunde. Entlang der Ringstraße, rund um die Innenstadt Tour 4: Durch das Alte Allgemeine Krankenhaus Tour 5: Das Neue AKH und die „Neuen Kliniken“ Tour 6: Die weiße Stadt und der Lemoniberg Tour 7: Billroth-Haus, Gesellschaft der Ärzte Tour 8: Der Wiener Zentralfriedhof Tour 9: Die blühende Apotheke. Der Botanische Garten der Universität Wien Tour 10: Kunstsammlungen – Österreichische Galerie Belvedere Tour 11: Schönbrunn Tour 12: Ein Denkmal für einen Traum Tour 13: Zum Muskelmann und der Venus aus Wachs Tour 14: Berggasse 19. Ein Besuch beim Archäologen der Seele Tour 15: Der Narrenturm. Ein medizinisches und architektonisches Unikat Museums-Touren

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Book SynopsisThis book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license.This book breaks new ground by situating animals and their diseases at the very heart of modern medicine. In demonstrating their historical significance as subjects and shapers of medicine, it offers important insights into past animal lives, and reveals that what we think of as ‘human’ medicine was in fact deeply zoological.Each chapter analyses an important episode in which animals changed and were changed by medicine. Ranging across the animal inhabitants of Britain’s zoos, sick sheep on Scottish farms, unproductive livestock in developing countries, and the tapeworms of California and Beirut, they illuminate the multi-species dimensions of modern medicine and its rich historical connections with biology, zoology, agriculture and veterinary medicine. The modern movement for One Health – whose history is also analyzed – is therefore revealed as just the latest attempt to improve health by working across species and disciplines. This book will appeal to historians of animals, science and medicine, to those involved in the promotion and practice of One Health today.Trade Review“Both historians of medicine and advocates of One Health will benefit from its careful reconstructions of the intertwined histories of human and animal health and its incisive critiques of the conceptual and institutional borders that continue to separate them.” (Etienne S. Benson, Isis, Vol. 111 (2), 2020)“This is a methodologically well-grounded book, full of documentation, on one of the major shifts in animal health history through the centuries. It illustrates a rarely explored aspect of current globalization that goes beyond internationalization, and illustrates the concept of ‘globality’ in the life sciences with the logical consequence of medicine being fundamentally as unitary as life. … a descriptive book that explores the development of a current phenomenon in society.” (Alain Touwaide, Doody's Book Reviews, November, 2018)“Animals and the Making of Modern Medicine demonstrates the distance that can be traveled, and the depth of connections that can be revealed, when we break through disciplinary boundaries and challenge the norms that define – and limit – our scholarly pursuits.” (Georgina M. Montgomery, Journal of the History of Biology, Vol. 51, 2018)Table of ContentsChapter 1: Introduction. Centring animals within medical history.- Chapter 2: Doctors in the Zoo: Connecting human and animal health in British zoological gardens, c1828-1890; Abigail Woods.- Chapter 3: From co-ordinated campaigns to water-tight compartments: Diseased sheep and their investigation in Britain, c1880-1920; Abigail Woods.- Chapter 4: From healthy cows to healthy humans: Integrated approaches to world hunger, c1930-65; Michael Bresalier.- Chapter 5: The Parasitological Pursuit: Crossing species and disciplinary boundaries with Calvin W. Schwabe and the Echinococcus tapeworm, 1956-1975; Rachel Mason Dentinger.- Chapter 6: Humans, other animals and ‘One Health’ in the early twenty-first century; Angela Cassidy.- Chapter 7: Conclusion.- Appendix: Annotated bibliography

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Book Synopsis„Zukunft braucht Herkunft“ ist ein Motto, das auf die Plastische und Ästhetische Chirurgie ganz besonders gut zutrifft. Die Möglichkeiten des Fachgebiets nehmen rasant zu und stehen wie nie im Lichte der Öffentlichkeit, besonders ihr ästhetischer Zweig. Um bei den Entwicklungen dieses modernen Faches die Orientierung zu behalten, sollten sich Plastische und Ästhetische Chirurgen mit der Herkunft Ihres Fachgebiets auseinander setzen. Wo hat die Plastische und Ästhetische Chirurgie Ihre Wurzeln, die weiter in die Zeit zurückreichen, als vielleicht gedacht? Welchen Ereignissen, Personen und Institutionen hat es die Plastische und Ästhetische Chirurgie zu verdanken, sich als eigenes Fachgebiet im Kanon der medizinischen Fächer durchzusetzen und respektiert zu werden? Welche ethischen Grundsätze sollten Praktiker für ihre tägliche Arbeit aus der Geschichte des Faches ableiten, damit die Plastische und Ästhetische Chirurgie weiterhin stabil auf den vier Säulen Rekonstruktion, Verbrennungschirurgie, Handchirurgie und Ästhetik steht und nicht etwa zu einer reinen „Schönheitschirurgie“ wird? Auch für Fachärzte aus angrenzenden Bereichen und für den an Medizingeschichte interessierten Laien ist dieser Abstecher in die Entwicklung der Plastischen und Ästhetischen Chirurgie mit vielen historischen Abbildungen eine spannende Lektüre. Table of ContentsVon der vorgeschichtlichen Zeit bis in das 19. Jahrhundert.- Das Wahrnehmen des Schönen von Körper und Umwelt.- Entwicklung und Gründung.- Die Zeit nach den Friedensschlüssen.- Die Zeit nach dem 2. Weltkrieg bis zur Europäischen Union.- Der Weg zur internationalen Anerkennung.- Gebietsbezeichnung in Deutschland.- Ethik.- Schönheit des menschlichen Körpers in der Medizin.

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Book SynopsisWerner Buselmaier erläutert, dass die evolutionäre Medizin den Menschen als Ergebnis einer langen Entwicklung sieht. Diese Betrachtungsweise im Licht der Evolution ist für das Verständnis der Natur des gesunden wie des kranken Menschen von außerordentlicher Bedeutung. Die zunehmende Erkenntnis, dass es zum vollständigen Verständnis einer Krankheit sowohl unmittelbarer als auch evolutionsbiologischer Erklärungen bedarf, wird in allerjüngster Zeit auch in die Medizinerausbildung eingebracht.Trade Review“… ein ausführliches Lehrbuch zur Evolutionären Medizin ein Desiderat ist, bietet das Kompendium einen konkurrenzlos kompakten Einstieg, der nachdrücklich zur Lektüre zu empfehlen ist.” (fachbuchjournal, Jg. 8, Heft 5, Oktober 2016)Table of Contents

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