History of ideas Books
Bloomsbury Publishing PLC The Presocratics
Book SynopsisThe origins both of modern science and modern philosophy lie in Greek civilization of the 5th and 6th centuries B.C. It was then that a series of thinkers, usually known as "the Presocratic philosophers", created ways of looking at the world that were fundamentally new. In the middle of social and political changes, and exposed to intellectual influences from the Near East as well as to traditional Greek ideas, the first Presocratics, Thales and Anaximander of Miletus, had a vision of a universe governed by absolute and impartial law. In terms of this idea they and their successors tried to account for the observed structure of the physical world. An increasing awareness of the philosophical problems invloved in this attempt led to the striking and enigmatic pronouncements of Heraclitus, and to the struggle to escape from self-contradiction in which Parmenides created the first philosophical arguments and the beginnings of conceptual analysis. By 450 B.C. the thought of these men was having repercussions in wider areas of Greek culture, and was an important factor in the great outburst of intellectual energy in the "sophistic age" - the last half of the 5th century. This book presents a picture of these developments, using, wherever possible, translations of the surviving fragments of the Presocratics as a foundation for the discussion.
£27.47
Bloomsbury Publishing PLC Enlightenment and Reform in 18th-Century Europe
Book SynopsisThe 18th century was a unique period of global and fundamental change. Britain conquered India and much of America, the American Revolution produced the USA, and Russia expanded vastly. In the field of ideas the Scientific Revolution was consolidated and followed by the Enlightenment. Nationalism flourished, populations surged, and the Commercial and Industrial Revolutions with Western technology eclipsed the East. Few centuries have inspired such a galaxy of historians, and their groundbreaking work has been drawn upon by Derek Beales in his collection of articles and special lectures. He covers the whole European kaleidoscope, but focuses especially on Joseph II and the Hapburg monarchy, asserting that Enlightened Despotism was the emodiment of the century's revolution in ideas, politics, government and administration.
£30.43
Mayflybooks Unemployed Negativity
£21.50
Aziloth Books Hydriotaphia (Urn Burial); The Garden of Cyrus; Letter To A Friend: Thomas Browne's three most famous works
£11.15
Sanctuary Press Ltd Sword of the Spirit: An Offering of Nietzschean Philosophy to the Soldiers of the Third Reich
£19.57
Faery Whisper Press Now I See
£7.64
Fremantle Press Pomo Oz
£16.35
Loyev Books Contemplating with Medieval Philosophers
£11.39
Bold Ink Publications The Philosophy of Stoicism
£18.04
Global Publishings The Magic of the Muse
£15.05
Institute of General Semantics Not A Not Be c
£21.60
Institute of General Semantics General Semantics Seminar 1937
£11.40
Prodinnova Idées
£15.19
Prodinnova Philosophie de lexpérience
£15.19
Aquilae Verlag The God of Spinoza
£21.65
Springer Nature Switzerland AG Queen Caroline and Sir William Gell: A Study in Royal Patronage and Classical Scholarship
Book SynopsisThis book explores the relationship between Queen Caroline, one of the most enigmatic characters in Regency England, and Sir William Gell, the leading classical scholar of his day. Despised and rejected by her husband, Caroline created a sphere and court of her own through patronage of scholarship. The primary beneficiary was Gell, a pioneering scholar of the classical world who opened new dimensions in the study of ancient Troy, mainland Greece, and Ithaca. Despite his achievements, Gell had scarce financial resources. Support from Caroline enabled him to establish himself in Italy and conduct his seminal work about ancient Rome and, especially, Pompeii, until her sensational trial before the House of Lords and premature death. Concluding with the first scholarly transcription of the extraordinary series of letters that Caroline wrote to Gell, this volume illuminates how Caroline sought power through patronage, and how Gell shaped classical scholarship in nineteenth-century Britain.Table of Contents
£59.99
Springer Nature Switzerland AG Political Economy and International Order in
Book SynopsisStandard histories of European integration emphasize the immediate aftermath of World War II as the moment when the seeds of the European Union were first sown. However, the interwar years witnessed a flurry of concern with the reconstruction of the world order, generating arguments that cut across the different social sciences, then plunged in a period of disciplinary soul-searching and feverish activism. Economics was no exception: several of the most prominent interwar economists, such as F. A. Hayek, Jan Tinbergen, Lionel Robbins, François Perroux, J. M. Keynes and Robert Triffin, contributed directly to larger public discussions on peace, order and stability. This edited volume combines these different strands of historical narrative into a unified framework, showing how political economy was integral to the interwar literature on international relations and, conversely, how economists were eager to incorporate international politics into their own concerns. The book brings together a group of scholars with varied disciplinary backgrounds, whose combined perspectives allow us to explore three analytical layers. The first part studies how different forms of economic knowledge, from economic programming to international finance, were used in the quest for a stable European order. The second part focuses on the existence of conflicting expectations about the role of social scientific knowledge, either as a source of technical solutions or as an input for enlightened public discussion. The third part illustrates how certain ideas and beliefs found concrete expression in specific institutional settings, which amplified their political leverage. The three parts are enclosed by an introductory essay, laying out the broad topics explored in the volume, and a substantial postscript tying all the historical threads together.Trade Review“This book brings interesting perspectives on the interwar period, showing also the link with the process of European integration in the postwar period.” (Ivo Maes and Robert Triffin Chair, History of Political Economy, Vol. 55 (2), April, 2023)Table of Contents Introduction Eucken’s Competition with Keynes: Beyond the Ordoliberal Allergy to the Keynesian Medicine Third-Way Perspectives on Order in Interwar France: Personalism and the Political Economy of François Perroux Corporatism and Planning in Monnet’s Idea of Europe The Construction of an International Order in the Work of Jan Tinbergen At the Origins of European Monetary Cooperation: Triffin, Bretton Woods, and the European Payments Union Technocracy, Corporatism, and the Development of 'Economic Parliaments' in Interwar Europe Pluralism, Tripartism and the Foundation of the International Labour Organization Pluralism and Political Economy in Interwar Britain: G.D.H. Cole on Economic Planning Ordoliberalism and the Rethinking of Liberal Rationality Classical Liberalism, Non-Interventionism and the Origins of European Integration: Luigi Einaudi, Friedrich A. von Hayek, Wilhelm Röpke Staving off the Protectionist Slide: Snowden and the Struggle to Keep Britain Open The Formation of Research Institutes on Business Cycles in Europe in the Interwar Period: The ‘Kiel School’ and (In)voluntary Internationalization Divided by an Uncommon Language? The Oxford Institute of Statistics and British Academia (1935-1944) The Intellectual Origins of European Integration
£113.99
Palgrave Macmillan Machiavellis Gaze
Book SynopsisChapter 1. Introduction.- Chapter 2. The first impression.- Chapter 3. "He kept you closely bound with his words".- Chapter 4. "Public man”.- Chapter 5. Knowing and governing the peoples.- Chapter 6. Other states and peoples.- Chapter 7. "Because they eat human flesh”.- Chapter 8. Time of the End.- Chapter 9. “For four hours at a time”.- Chapter 10. The Inquiry.- Chapter 11. "To teach reading to children”.- Chapter 12. "From writing everyone must protect himself as from a rock".- Chapter 13. "Historian, comic writer and tragic writer".- Chapter 14. The intelligence of the people.- Chapter 15. "In the minds of men". The religious experience of the people.- Chapter 16. The tyranny of Fame.
£94.99
Springer Nature Switzerland AG Unparsimonious Metaphysics
£94.99
De Gruyter History of Intellectual Culture 1/2022: Participatory Knowledge
Book SynopsisWith concepts of participation discussed in multiple disciplines from media studies to anthropology, from political sciences to sociology, the first issue of the new yearbook History of Intellectual Culture (HIC) dedicates a thematic section to the way knowledge can and arguably must be conceptualized as "participatory". Introducing and exploring "participatory knowledge", the volume aims to draw attention to the potential of looking at knowledge formation and circulation through a new lens and to open a dialogue about how and what concepts and theories of participation can contribute to the history of knowledge. By asking who gets to participate in defining what counts as knowledge and in deciding whose knowledge is circulated, modes of participation enter into the examination of knowledge on various levels and within multiple cultural contexts. The articles in this volume attest to the great variety of approaches, contexts, and interpretations of "participatory knowledge", from the sociological projects of the Frankfurt School to the Uppsala-based Institute for Race Biology, from the Argentinian National Folklore Survey to current hashtag activism and Covid-19-archive projects. HIC sees knowledge as rooted in social and political structures, determined by modes of transfer and produced in collaborative processes. The notion of "participatory knowledge" highlights in a compelling way how knowledge is rooted in cultural practices and social configurations.
£67.45
De Gruyter History, Politics and Theory in the Great
Book SynopsisWorld history suffers from a paucity of clearly articulated, convincing explanations. While the rise of postmodernism and challenges to Eurocentrism did lead to some important correctives, the pendulum has swung too far the other direction, with a corresponding danger of ‘throwing the baby out with the bathwater’. We need careful, theoretically informed debates about ways of organizing world history. What constitutes a good historical explanation? What should guide historians to choose relevant facts? Which theoretical schools could be made useful, and to what ends? These questions are especially relevant to the main topic of this book: the ‘great divergence’ between the west and the rest of the world, and how this historical rupture is to be explained. The book provides extensive critical analyses of some of the key claims in world history, analyzing their strengths as well as their major weaknesses—too often rooted in insufficient familiarity of historians with theories they discard. It also historicizes the field and the debates to partly account for what caused some theories to become more influential and others to fall into oblivion—despite the fact that the more influential frameworks are seriously flawed and some of the more marginalized ideas are more coherent and plausible. The book offers insights regarding the theoretical and political relevance of older debates about the transition to capitalism and historical materialism. Three major schools of thought in world history are critically examined through an in-depth theoretical and comparative analysis that has not been undertaken elsewhere: the so-called ‘California School’, World Systems Analysis, and Marxist theories of history, capitalism, and the transition from feudalism to capitalism. Murphy argues that, despite some of the more recent criticisms of older approaches to world history, the older theories remain indispensable for the writing of world history and for coming to terms with issues of global poverty, inequality and eco-catastrophe.
£86.45
Bod Third Party Titles Weltbejahung
£19.94
Springer VS Der Mensch das Spiel und der Zufall
Book SynopsisVorrede.- Einleitung.- Das Wesen des Gewinnspiels.- Die Logik des Gewinnspiels.- Die ludische Differenz und das Spiel.- Resümee.- Literaturverzeichnis.- Sachindex.
£999.99
Springer Fragen an die Antike
Book Synopsis
£22.99
Henricus - Edition Deutsche Klassik GmbH, Berlin Versuch den Begriff der negativen Größen in die Weltweisheit einzuführen
£9.30
BoD - Books on Demand Giordano Bruno
£15.90
BoD - Books on Demand Mehr als bloß Natur
£11.50
Felix Meiner Verlag Die Principien der Gottes Sitten und Rechtslehre
£23.65
Meiner Felix Verlag GmbH Sinnformen
£28.40
Amazon Digital Services LLC - Kdp Die Gemeinschaft der Freien
£14.97
MADAREK COMPANY FOR PUBLISHING AND DISTRIBUTION Le Voyage du NonSens
£18.00
Edições Nosso Conhecimento Casos cruciais de distrofia muscular da cintura escapular
£46.17
Edizioni Sapienza Alla ricerca della tragedia shakespeariana
£29.26
Editions Notre Savoir Plus réel que la réalité ellemême
£35.15
IF Press srl Estudios Kierkegaardianos
£13.29
Brill The Language of Demons and Angels: Cornelius Agrippa's Occult Philosophy
Book SynopsisThis is the first modern study of Agrippa's occult philosophy as a coherent part of his intellectual work. By demonstrating his sophistication, it challenges traditional interpretations of Agrippa as an intellectual dilettante, and uses modern theory and philosophy to elucidate the intricacies of his thought. It also argues for a new, interdisciplinary approach to magic and its place within early modern culture, using a transhistorical conversational model to understand and interpret the texts. The analysis walks the reader through the text of De occulta philosophia, Agrippa's 1533 masterpiece, explicating the often hidden structure and argument of the work. This volume will especially interest early modern intellectual historians, historians of religions, and scholars interested in the history of linguistic philosophy.Trade Review"Lehrich's book weaves a tapestry of critical theory and the history of ideas that is highly inspirational; he has given historians of early modern religion, science, and magic a great deal to think about." Steven Vanden Broeke, Renaissance Quarterly, 2005. "Engaging an interesting debate with modern anthropological and linguistic theories, not only does Lehrich manage to draw a coherent and fascinating picture of De occulta philosophia but he provides also some insightful suggestions for further research in order to clarify the role of this work in the development of early modern philosophical thought." Francesco La Nave, Sixteenth Century Journal, 2005.Table of ContentsAcknowledgements Abbreviations List of Illustrations 1. Introduction 2. Logos and nature 3. Sign, Sigil, Text 4. The Language of Demons and Angels 5. Conclusion Appendix I. Latin Quotations, De occulta philosophia Appendix II. De vanitate on Alchemy Bibliography Index
£126.16
Brill Papyrus British Museum 10808 and its Cultural and Religious Setting
Book SynopsisThis volume presents a new reading of an extraordinary Proto-Coptic magical text. Papyrus British Museum EA 10808 features a unique spell for a victim of divine wrath composed in the liturgical language of ancient Egypt but in Greek script with a few Demotic signs. Sederholm reveals a coherent and distinctive text that contributes to the illumination of Egyptian thought in the Graeco-Roman Period just before the great shutdown of the ancient temple learning. In nine chapters of transcription, translation, and commentary, Sederholm considers such features as taboo, secrecy, and the efficacy of magical words and names. He also discusses the destructive nature of the stars and the role of Fate in the bloody slaughter of divine enemies within the text.
£165.68
Brill Time and Memory
Book SynopsisThe nature of time has haunted humankind through the ages. Some conception of time has always entered into our ideas about mortality and immortality, and permanence and change, so that concepts of time are of fundamental importance in the study of religion, philosophy, literature, history, and mythology. On one aspect or another, the study of time cuts across all disciplines. The International Society for the Study of Time has as its goal the interdisciplinary and comparative study of time. This volume presents selected essays from the 12th triennial conference of the International Society for the Study of Time at Clare College, Cambridge. The essays are clustered around themes that pertain to the constructive and destructive nature of memory in representations and manipulations of time. The volume is divided into three sections Inscribing and Forgetting, Inventing, and Commemoration wherein the authors grapple with the nature of memory as a medium that reflects the passage of time.Table of ContentsCONTENTS Dedication List of Contributors Foreword (Michael Crawford, Jo Alyson Parker, Paul Harris) President’s Welcoming Remarks A Few Th oughts about Memory, Collectiveness and Aff ectivity (Remy Lestienne) Founder’s Address Reflections Upon An Evolving Mirror (J. T. Fraser) Response: Globalized Humanity, Memory, and Ecology (Paul Harris) Section I: Inscribing and Forgetting Preface to Section I Inscribing and Forgetting (Jo Alyson Parker) Chapter One The Body as a Medium of Memory (Christian Steineck) Response (Remy Lestienne) Chapter Two Body Memories and Doing Gender: Remembering the Past and Interpreting the Present in Order to Change the Future (Karen Davies) Response (Linda McKie) Chapter Th ree Coding of Temporal Order Information in Semantic Memory (Elke van der Meer, Frank Kruger, Dirk Strauch, Lars Kuchinike) Chapter Four Telling the Time of Memory Loss: Narrative and Dementia (Marlene P. Soulsby) Response (Alison Phinney) Chapter Five Georges Perec’s “Time Bombs”: about Lieux (Marie-Pascale Huglo) Chapter Six Seeking in Sumatra (Brian Aldiss) Section II: Inventing Preface to Section II Inventing (Paul Harris) Chapter Seven Furnishing a Memory Palace: Renaissance Mnemonic Practice and the Time of Memory (Mary Schmelzer) Chapter Eight The Radiance of Truth: Remembrance, Self-Evidence and Cinema (Heike Klippel) Chapter Nine Tones of Memory: Music and Time in the Prose of Yoel Hoff mann and W. G. Sebald (Michal Ben-Horin) Response (David Burrows) Chapter Ten Once a Communist, Always a Communist: How the Government Lost Track of Time in its Pursuit of J. Robert Oppenheimer (Katherine A. S. Sibley) Response (Dan Leab) Chapter Eleven Temporality, Intentionality, the Hard Problem of Consciousness and the Causal Mechanisms of Memory in the Brain: Facets of One Ontological Enigma? (E. R. Douglas) Section III: Commemoration Preface to Section III Commemoration—Where Remembering and Forgetting Meet (Michael Crawford) Chapter Twelve Jump-starting Timeliness: Trauma, Temporality and the Redressive Community (Jeffrey Prager) Chapter Th irteen Black in Black: Time, Memory, and the African-American Identity (Ann Marie Bush) Chapter Fourteen Remembering Th e Future: On the Return of Memories in the Visual Field (Efrat Biberman) Responses (Shirley Sharon-Zisser) (Robert Belton) Chapter Fifteen Family Memory, Gratitude And Social Bonds (Carmen Leccardi) Chapter Sixteen Time to Meet: Meetings as Sites of Organizational Memory (Dawna Ballard and Luis Felipe Gómez) Index
£89.00
Brill Reading Ancient Texts. Volume I: Presocratics and Plato: Essays in Honour of Denis O'Brien
Book SynopsisWhat is the history of philosophy? Is it history or is it philosophy or is it by some strange alchemy a confluence of the two? The contributors to the present volume of essays have tackled this seemingly simple, but in reality difficult and controversial, question, by drawing on their specialised knowledge of the surviving texts of leading ancient philosophers, from the Presocratics to Augustine, through Plato, Aristotle and Plotinus. These contributions, which reflect the range of methods and approaches currently used in the study of ancient texts, are offered as a tribute to the scholarship of Denis O’Brien, one of the most original and penetrating students of the thousand-year period of intense philosophical activity that constitutes ancient philosophy. Contributors include: T. Ebert, F. Fronterrota, C.J. Gill, C. Huffman, N. Notomi, J.-C. Picot, J.-F. Pradeau, M. Rashed, K. Sayre, R.K. Sprague, and J.G.C. Strachan. Publications by Denis O’Brien: • Theories of Weight in the Ancient World: Four Essays on Democritus, Plato and Aristotle - A Study in the Development of Ideas. 1. Democritus: Weight and Size. An Exercise in the Reconstruction of Early Greek Philosophy, ISBN: 978 90 04 06134 7 (Out of print) • Pour interpréter Empédocle, ISBN: 978 90 04 06249 8 (Out of print) • Theories of Weight in the Ancient World: Four Essays on Democritus, Plato and Aristotle - A Study in the Development of Ideas. 2. Plato: Weight and Sensation. The Two Theories of the 'Timaeus', ISBN: 978 90 04 06934 3 • Théodicée plotinienne, théodicée gnostique, ISBN: 978 90 04 09618 9Table of ContentsPreface Notes on Contributors I. PRESOCRATICS 1. Some Remarks on noein in Parmenides, F. Fronterotta 2. The Structure of the Eye and its Cosmological Function in Empedocles. Reconstruction of Fragment 84, M. Rashed 3. Empedocles, Fragment 115.3: Can One of the Blessed Pollute his Limbs with Blood?, J.-C. Picot 4. Philolaus and the Central Fire, C. Huffman II. PLATO 5. Self-Knowledge in Plato’s Alcibiades, C. Gill 6. Socrates on the Definition of Figure in the Meno, T. Ebert 7. Plato's Phaedo as Protreptic, R.K. Sprague 8. An Absurd Question: Plato, Symposium 199 d, J.C.G. Strachan 9. Tumescence and Spiritual Seed in the Phaedrus, J.-F. Pradeau 10. Plato against Parmenides: Sophist 236D – 242B, N. Notomi 11. Dialectic by Negation in Three Late Dialogues, K. Sayre A Detailed Bibliography of Denis O’Brien’s Works Index locorum General Index
£128.80
Brill Reading Ancient Texts. Volume II: Aristotle and Neoplatonism: Essays in Honour of Denis O'Brien
Book SynopsisWhat is the history of philosophy? Is it history or is it philosophy or is it by some strange alchemy a confluence of the two? The contributors to the present volume of essays have tackled this seemingly simple, but in reality difficult and controversial, question, by drawing on their specialised knowledge of the surviving texts of leading ancient philosophers, from the Presocratics to Augustine, through Plato, Aristotle and Plotinus. These contributions, which reflect the range of methods and approaches currently used in the study of ancient texts, are offered as a tribute to the scholarship of Denis O’Brien, one of the most original and penetrating students of the thousand-year period of intense philosophical activity that constitutes ancient philosophy. Contributors include: T. Buchheim, J. Cleary, K. Corrigan, D. Evans, G. Gurtler S.J., C. Horn, J.-M. Narbonne, C. Natali, G. O'Daly, F. Schroeder, S. Stern-Gillet, P. Thillet, and C. Viano. Publications by Denis O’Brien: • Theories of Weight in the Ancient World: Four Essays on Democritus, Plato and Aristotle - A Study in the Development of Ideas. 1. Democritus: Weight and Size. An Exercise in the Reconstruction of Early Greek Philosophy, ISBN: 978 90 04 06134 7 (Out of print) • Pour interpréter Empédocle, ISBN: 978 90 04 06249 8 (Out of print) • Theories of Weight in the Ancient World: Four Essays on Democritus, Plato and Aristotle - A Study in the Development of Ideas. 2. Plato: Weight and Sensation. The Two Theories of the 'Timaeus', ISBN: 978 90 04 06934 3 • Théodicée plotinienne, théodicée gnostique, ISBN: 978 90 04 09618 9Table of ContentsPreface Note on Contributors I. ARISTOTLE 1. Aristotle’s Conception of Dunamis and Technē, C. Natali 2. Aristotle and the Starting Point of Moral Development: The Notion of Natural Virtue, C. Viano 3. Akrasia and Moral Education in Aristotle, J. Cleary 4. Effective Primary Causes: The Notion of Contact and the Possibility of Acting without Being Affected in Aristotle’s De Generatione et Corruptione, T. Buchheim II. PLATO AND HIS HEIRS: FROM APULEIUS TO AUGUSTINE 5. The Organisation of the Soul: Some Overlooked Aspects of Interpretation from Plato to Late Antiquity, K. Corrigan 6. The Final Metamorphosis: Narrative Voice in the Prologue of Apuleius' Golden Ass, F.M. Schroeder 7. Plotinus: Omnipresence and Transcendence in VI 4-5[22-23], G. Gurtler S.J. 8. The Concept of Will in Plotinus, C. Horn 9. Divine Freedom in Plotinus and Iamblichus (Tractate VI 8 (39) 7, 11-15 and De Mysteriis III, 17-20), J.-M. Narbonne 10. Was the Vita Plotini known in Arab Philosophical Circles?, P. Thillet 11. Friendship and Transgression: Luminosus limes amicitiae (Augustine, Confessions 2.2.2) and the Themes of Confessions 2, G. O’Daly 12. Augustine and the Philosophical Foundations of Sincerity, S. Stern-Gillet III. EPILOGUE: INTERPRETATION IN RETROSPECT 13. Innovation and Continuity in the History of Philosophy, D. Evans A Detailed Bibliography of Denis O’Brien’s Works Index locorum General Index
£128.80
Brill Models of Charitable Care: Catholic Nuns and Children in their Care in Amsterdam, 1852-2002
Book SynopsisModels of Charitable Care analyses the practice of Catholic nuns in Amsterdam in the 19th and 20th century. Attention is paid to the ambiguous ascetic spiritual discourse that underpinned their work: it encouraged charity as solidarity with strangers, but caused intense emotional distance too. Historiography is mainly manufactured by religious and lay academics who shared the congregational perspective and presented fairly positive evaluations. Criticism from within, however, is voiced by care leavers who grew up in homes ran by religious. Some are grateful, others bitter. The sisters were living models who combined an anti-worldly outlook with a practical concern for vulnerable creatures. Relating various theoretical interpretations, a typology of three models is developed with ‘agency’ as the differentiating criterion.Trade Review"Van Heijst [komt] tot een zeer verfijnde en complete anlayse van de zorgpraktijk." Paul van Trigt, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam "A must-read for every researcher in the historiography of care work by nuns and for those interested in the debates on what actually took place in the history of various religious-inspired forms of care." Annemieke van Drenth, Leiden University, The Catholic Historical Review, Vol. 95, No. 4 (October 2009), pp. 858-859. "An elegant [...] tome which should be a welcome addition to university libraries worldwide; academics working in the history of child care, bureaucrats wrestling with the problems of modern residential care and private readers interested in the subject." Barry M. Coldrey, Melbourne. In: Church History and Religious Culture, Vol. 90, No. 4 (2010), pp. 715-716.Table of ContentsAcknowledgements List of Illustrations List of Superior generals of the Poor Sisters of the Divine Child, or Sisters of ‘The Providence’ Introduction 1. A History of Care 2. Caring for Roosje 3. Men in Association: Class and Charity 4. Ladies and Housemaids: Gender and Charity 5. Powerful and Empowering Care: Confession and Charity 6. From the Viewpoint of Care-Receivers 7. The Care Vision in the Normative Texts 8. Caring for the Children of God 9. The Making of Charitable History 10. The Ethics of Charitable Care Glossary of Religious Terms Bibliography
£136.00
Brill A Companion to Peter Martyr Vermigli
Book SynopsisThe great Florentine Protestant reformer Peter Martyr Vermigli (1499-1562) made a unique contribution to the scriptural hermeneutics of the Renaissance and Reformation, where classical theories of interpretation derived from Patristic and Scholastic sources engaged with new methods drawn from Humanism and Hebraism. Vermigli was one of the pioneers of the sixteenth century in acknowledging and harnessing the biblical scholarship of the medieval Rabbis. His eminence in the Catholic Church in Italy (until 1542) was followed by an equally distinguished career as theologian and exegete in Protestant Europe where he was professor successively in Strasbourg, Oxford, and finally in Zurich. The Companion consists of 24 essays divided among five themes addressing Vermigli’s international career, hermeneutical method, biblical commentaries, major theological topics, and his later influence. Contributors include: Scott Amos, Michael Baumann, Jon Balserak, Luca Baschera, Maurice Boutin, Emidio Campi, John Patrick Donnelly SJ, Max Engammare, Gerald Hobbs, Frank James III, Gary Jenkins, Robert Kingdon, Torrance Kirby, William Klempa, Joseph McLelland, Charlotte Methuen, Christian Moser, David Neelands, Peter Opitz, Herman Selderhuis, Daniel Shute, David Wright, and Jason Zuidema.Trade Review“While the size and subject matter might intimidate some readers at first glance, the collection is quite engaging […]. It will be of interest not only to biblical scholars and professors of theology, but also to historians, philosophers, philologists and those interested in the history of higher education. […] This volume certainly reveals for readers the dynamism of Peter Martyr Vermigli’s thought and makes a convincing argument that a better understanding of the hermeneutics of this Italian-born Protestant reformer will lead to a better understanding of the Renaissance and the Reformation and the relationship between the two.” Carrie Euler, Central Michigan University. In: The Journal of Ecclesiastical History, Vol. 62, No. 2 (April 2011), pp. 397-398. "Der Companion to Peter Martyr Vermigli lässt sich sowohl als Einleitung zu einzelnen Aspekten als auch als Darstellung des Forschungsstandes nutzen […].Das Buch gibt einen sehr guten Überblick über die wesentlichen Aspekte der Theologie und des Wirkens Vermiglis.“ Christoph Strohm, Heidelberg University. In: Zwingliana, Vol. 37 (2010), pp. 205-209. ‘’Après les colloques de 1977 et de 1999, ce symposium fera date dans les études sur Vermigli, comme ce volume, outil désormais indispensable, par la somme des informations, la qualité des contributions et le soin apporté à sa confection, à quiconque voudrait consacrer ses talents de chercheur à ce Réformateur novateur et prolixe, ou s’initier simplement à l’herméneutique de Vermigli.’’ A. Noblesse-Rocher, Université de Strasbourg. In: Revue D’histoire et de Philosophie, 2011, Tome 91, n° 4, p. 587.Table of ContentsList of Illustrations List of Contributors Acknowledgements Abbreviations and Acronyms Introduction Convocation Oration, Emidio Campi Part I International Career 1. Italy: Religious and Intellectual Ferment, Joseph McLelland 2. Strasbourg: Vermigli and the Senior School, Gerald Hobbs 3. Oxford: Reading Scripture in the University, Charlotte Methuen 4. Zurich: Professor in the Schola Tigurina, Emidio Campi Part II Learning Sacred and Profane 5. Exegesis and Patristic Authority, David Wright (†2008) 6. Aristotle and Scholasticism, Luca Baschera 7. Humanism, Hebraism, and Scriptural Hermeneutics, Max Engammare 8. Exegesis and Theological Method, Scott Amos 9. Ex parte videntium: Hermeneutics of the Eucharist, Maurice Boutin Part III Biblical Commentaries 10. Genesis Commentary: Interpreting Creation, Emidio Campi 11. Judges Commentary: Patristic and Medieval Sources, Gary Jenkins 12. Expounding Psalms: the Preces Sacrae, Herman Selderhuis 13. Lamentations Commentary: Theodicy, Daniel Shute 14. First Corinthians Commentary: Exegetical Tradition, Jon Balserak 15. Romans Commentary: Justification and Sanctification, Frank James III Part IV Theological Loci 16. Classical Christology, William Klempa 17. Predestination and the Thirty-Nine Articles, David Neelands 18. Ecclesiology: Exegesis and Discipline, Robert Kingdon 19. Eucharistic Theology, Peter Opitz 20. Political Theology: the Godly Prince, Torrance Kirby 21. Prayers and Sermons, John Patrick Donnelly 22. Epistolary: Theological Themes, Christian Moser Part V Nachleben 23. Josias Simler’s hagiography, Michael Baumann 24. Vermigli and French Reform, Jason Zuidema 25. History of the Loci Communes, Joseph McLelland Conclusion: Vermigli’s ‘Stromatic’ Theology, Joseph McLelland Bibliography General Index Index of Names
£272.25
Brill The Elements of Representation in Hobbes: Aesthetics, Theatre, Law, and Theology in the Construction of Hobbes's Theory of the State
Book SynopsisCommentators have traditionally constructed Hobbes's thinking on representation too narrowly, as a self-contained area of his political theory. This book challenges this orthodoxy of Hobbes scholarship, which owes less to Hobbes’s thought than to contemporary preconceptions of what counts as political thinking. In her powerful and original analysis, Mónica Brito Vieira mines neglected strands of Hobbes's theory of representation, and reinstates it in a much wider pattern of Hobbes’s theorizing about human thought and action in relation to widely varied images, roles and fictions. The result is a compelling portrait of how man's natural power to form representations through the imagination and artifice underpins his capacity to break away from nature, and fashion a world that best suits his needs.Trade Review"Le livre de Monica Brito Vieira représente une contribution importante à la discussion contemporaine sur la conception hobbesienne de la notion de représentation. [...] Brito Vieira démontre de manière convaincante que la conception hobbesienne de la représentation ne peut se réduire à l’interprétation de son aspect juridique." Luka Ribarevic, Archives de Philosophie (2012) Vol. 75, No. 2, pp. 365-367. Knjiga Mónice Brito Vieire jedan je od najvažnijih doprinosa suvremenoj raspravi o Hobbesovoj znanosti o politici. Luka Ribarević, Politicka misao 47:1 (2010) 245-251.Table of ContentsIntroductory Note List of Figures Acknowledgements Abbreviations and Editions Introduction 1. Aesthetic Representation Introduction Resemblance vs. Representation Representations or Perceptual Images Images of God The Sovereign as Image Images of Saints The Eucharist: Presence or Representation? Metaphors as Representations The Representation of Objects in Perspective Conclusion 2. Dramatic Representation Introduction: Hobbes and the Theatre The Man and the Person The World as Stage Dis/simulating with Others Actors and Hypocrites Religious Play-Acting and the Power of Crowds ‘Quixotic’ Personalities and Republican Men Theatre of Politics The Powers of Theatre The Politics of Theatre Conclusion 3. Juridical Representation Introduction The Elemental View Representation by Fiction The State as Person Representing the Covenant into Being The Representativeness of the Sovereign Parliament as Representation The Dangers of Subordinate Representation The State’s Many Guises Conclusion 4. Representation in Theology Introduction Three Persons as Three Representatives Three Persons as Three Roles Revisions in Response to Critics The Trinity as Political Analogy Conclusion Bibliography Index
£139.20
Brill A Companion to Astrology in the Renaissance
Book SynopsisIt has been called “the most singular centaur that religion and science have ever produced” (Franz Boll). Astrology as a cultural form has puzzled and fascinated generations of humankind. It reached its apogee in the European Renaissance, when it flourished in literature, political expression, medicine, art, and all the other areas of endeavor catalogued in this unique collection. Brill’s Companion to Renaissance Astrology brings together a wide array of expertise from around the globe to explain the method and matter of this cultural form, including the Arab and Classical heritage, the medieval tradition, the clash with organized religion, the influence on knowledge and the competition with newly emerging ways of knowing, summarizing the current state of research and suggesting new paths. Contributors include: Giuseppe Bezza, Dieter Blume, Claudia Brosseder, Brendan Dooley, William Eamon, Ornella Faracovi, Hiro Hirai, Wolfgang Hübner, Eileen Reeves, Steven Vanden Broecke, and Graziella Federici Vescovini.Trade Review“An excellent starting point for a graduate student beginning work on a topic that involves astrology or for an established scholar adding to a field of research.” Sheila J. Rabin, Saint Peter’s University. In: Renaissance Quarterly, Vol. 68, No. 2 (Summer 2015), pp. 659-661. “Physicians based their cures and remedies on the movements of the stars and planets; scholars debated the significance of the movement of the heavens on political, moral, and psychological activities; writers and poets tried to provide ordinary people with some guidance for their daily activities; and theologians and preachers cautioned and condemned against following stellar conjunctions rather than divine providence. In the end, astrology during the Renaissance period was fully integrated into everyone’s life, and a better understanding of its influence and integration in the fabric of Renaissance culture is provided by this book.” Bradford Lee Eden, Valparaiso University. In: Sixteenth Century Journal, Vol. 46, No. 2 (2015), pp. 435-436. “Das Buch bietet ein umfassendes Panorama der Erscheinungsformen der Astrologie in der Renaissanceperiode, enthält eine Fülle wertvoller Informationen und zeigt eine Vielzahl möglicher Forschungswege auf. Es kann jedem an der Astrologiegeschichte Interessierten empfohlen werden.” Günther Oestmann, Bremen. In: Beiträge zur Astronomiegeschichte, Bd. 12 (2014), S. 242-244. “Agile, ben informato, ricco di illustrazioni: nel complesso, questo volume si rivela una delle opere collettive più stimolanti tra quelle pubblicate negli ultimi anni.” Michele Rinaldi, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II. In: Bruniana & Campanelliana, Vol. 20, No. 2 (2014), pp. 666-669.Table of ContentsTable of Contents List of Figures Note on Contributors Preface Introduction Brendan Dooley 1. The Culture of Astrology from Ancient to Renaissance Wolfgang Hübner 2. Representation of the Skies and the Astrological Chart Giuseppe Bezza 3. The Return to Ptolemy Ornella Faracovi 4. The Theological Debate Graziella Federici Vescovini 5. Astrology and Society William Eamon 6. Astrology and Politics Steven Vanden Broecke 7. Astrology and Science Brendan Dooley 8. The New Astral Medicine Hiro Hirai 9. Astrology and Literature Eileen Reeves 10. Picturing the Stars: Astrological Imagery in the Latin West, 1100–1550 Dieter Blume 11. Reading the Peruvian Skies Claudia Brosseder Conclusion Index List of Figures 1.1 The four humours and elements adapted to the four triplicities of the zodiac 1.2 Zodiacal man from the Flores Albumasaris, Erhard Radolt 1488 1.3 The symmetry of the seven planets 1.4 Francesco di Giorgio: Atlas, Braunschweig, Kupferkabinett 1.5 Joseph Justus Scaliger’s horoscope 1.6 Capital of the doge’s palace in Venice: Mercury with Virgin (Virgo) and Twins (Gemini) 1.7 Planisphere of the Aldina from 1499 1.8 The Tychonic system 2.1 Making a Geniture 2.2 Graphic representation of a geniture 2.3 Geniture of Girolamo Cardano 5.1 The great conjunction in Pisces, portending a second deluge. Leonhard Reynmann, Practica vber die grossen und manigfeltigen Coniunction der Planeten (Nuremberg, 1524) 5.2 Frontispiece to John Melton, Astrologaster (1620) 5.3 Girolamo Cardano’s Horoscope of Andreas Vesalius (Courtesy of the Clendening History of Medicine Library, University of Kansas Medical Center) Figure 5.4. Pages from A Perfyte Pronostycacion Perpetuall by “J.A.” (c. 1555) illustrating events that would occur in years “When Newe yeres daye falleth on the Tuesday,” including windy winters, rainy summers, sickness of women, and “Syppes and Galleys shall perysshe.” 7.1 Kepler’s Polyhedric Model 7.2 Robert Fludd’s Monochord 7.3 Robert Fludd: Microcosm and Macrocosm 10.1 Raphael, Dome of the Chigi Chapel in Rome, S. Maria del Popolo 10.2 Ferrara Palazzo Schifanoia, Sala dei Mesi, March with Aries 10.3 Ferrara Palazzo Schifanoia, Sala dei Mesi, April with Taurus 10.4 Ferrara Palazzo Schifanoia, Sala dei Mesi, Detail, First Decan of Aries 10.5 Ferrara Palazzo Schifanoia, Sala dei Mesi, Detail ot the upper Register with Vulcan 10.6 Paris, bibl. Nat. Ms. lat. 7330, Fol. 42v, Saturn in his houses 10.7 Paris, bibl. Nat. Ms. lat. 7330, Fol. 43r, Saturn in his Anti-Houses 10.8 Paris, bibl. Nat. Ms. lat. 7330, Fol. 43v, Saturn in his exaltation 10.9 Paris, bibl. Nat. Ms. lat. 7330, Fol. 44r. Saturn in his deiectio 10.10 Paris, bibl. Nat. Ms. lat. 7330, Fol. 54v, Venus in his exaltatio 10.11 Paris, bibl. Nat. Ms. lat. 7330, Fol. 56r, Mercury in his houses 10.12 Madrid, Bibl. Nac. Cod. 19, fol.55r, Jupiter on the eagle 10.13 Madrid, Bibl. Nac. Cod. 19, fol. 68r, The five planets 10.14 München, Bayr. Staatsbibl., Clm 10268, Michael Scotus, Liber introductorius, fol. 85r, The five planets 10.15 Padua, Palazzo della Ragione, The Great Hall 10.16 Padua, Palazzo della Ragione, Mercury in the sign of Virgo 10.17 Chantilly, Musée condé, Ms. 754, Fol. 1v, Saturn 10.18 Chantilly, Musée condé, Ms. 754, Fol. 2r, Jupiter 10.19 Chantilly, Musée condé, Ms. 754, Fol. 2v, Mars 10.20 Padua, Chiesa degli Eremitani, main chapel, Venus 10.21 Padua, Chiesa degli Eremitani, main chapel, Rising Christ 10.22 Foligno, Palazzo Trinci, Sala dei pianeti, Luna 10.23 Foligno, Palazzo Trinci, Sala dei pianeti, Mars 10.24 Foligno, Palazzo Trinci, Sala dei pianeti, Mercury 10.25 Foligno, Palazzo Trinci, Sala dei pianeti, Jupiter 10.26 Rimini, Tempio Malatestiano, Mercury 10.27 Rimini, Tempio Malatestiano, Venus 10.28 Rimini, Tempio Malatestiano, Saturn 10.29 Rome, Villa Farnesina, Loggia del Galatea, ceiling 10.30 Rome, Villa Farnesina, Loggia del Galatea, ceiling, detail, twins (Leda and the swan) 10.31 Schweinfurt, Bibl. Otto Schäfer, Woodcuts from Basel, Venus 10.32 Schweinfurt, Bibl. Otto Schäfer, Woodcuts from Basel, children of Venus 10.33 Schweinfurt, Bibl. Otto Schäfer, Woodcuts from Basel, Mercury 10.34 Schweinfurt, Bibl. Otto Schäfer, Woodcuts from Basel, children of Mercury 10.35 Berlin, Staatsbibl. Ms. Germ. Fol. 244, Fol. 186v-187r, Mercury and his children 10.36 Kassel, Landesbibl. Ms. Astronom 1 (2°), Fol. 64r, Luna and her children 10.37 Tübingen, Univ.Bibl., Ms. M. d. 2, fol. 272r, Luna and her children 10.38 London, British Museum, Engraving by Baccio Baldini (?), Venus and her children 10.39 London, British Museum, Engraving by Baccio Baldini (?), Mercury and his children 10.40 London, British Museum, Engraving by Baccio Baldini (?),Luna and her children
£201.60
Brill A Companion to John Wyclif: Late Medieval Theologian
Book SynopsisThe Companion to John Wyclif contains eight substantial essays (20-30,000 words each) which cover all the major areas of Wyclif's life and thought. Each essay provides timely research that is thoroughly grounded in the primary texts while making use of the most recent secondary literature. Essays include: life and career; logic and metaphysics; Trinity and Christology; ecclesiology and politics; the Christian life; sacraments; the Bible; his opponents. There is no comparable book available today.Trade Review"Truly a 'companion" - an introduction to the life and work of the Oxford reformer, adding however to older research and introducing many new points of view ... not only does the volume as a collection deserve a welcome. so too do the included list of Wyclif's Latin works, the select bilbiography, and last but not least the detailed index". Frantisek Smahel in Český časopis historický Vol. 205, 2007/4. “certainly a book which will make its mark… Individually and collectively this is an extremely important and valuable set of essays, which no-one working on Wyclif, on the origins of the ‘Lollard’ movement, or on English intellectual activity in the fourteenth century, can afford to ignore.” R.N. Swanson in Heythrop Journal, Nov2008, Vol. 49 Issue 6, p1071-1072.Table of ContentsList of Contributors Introduction: A Companion to John Wyclif, Ian Christopher Levy The Latin Writings of Wyclif 1. John Wyclif, c. 1331–1384, Andrew E. Larsen 2. Wyclif ’s Logic and Metaphysics, Alessandro D. Conti 3. Wyclif ’s Trinitarian and Christological Theology, Stephen E. Lahey 4. John Wyclif ’s Ecclesiology and Political Thought, Takahashi Shogimen 5. Sacraments, Stephen Penn 6. John Wyclif and the Christian Life, Ian Christopher Levy 7. Wyclif and the English Bible, Mary Dove 8. The Opponents of John Wyclif, Mishtooni Bose Conclusion, Ian Christopher Levy Select Biographies Index of Works Cited General Index
£44.00
Brill The Citizenship Experiment : Contesting the Limits of Civic Equality and Participation in the Age of Revolutions
Book SynopsisThe Citizenship Experiment explores the fate of citizenship ideals in the Age of Revolutions. While in the early 1790s citizenship ideals in the Atlantic world converged, the twin shocks of the Haitian Revolution and the French Revolutionary Terror led the American, French, and Dutch publics to abandon the notion of a shared, Atlantic, revolutionary vision of citizenship. Instead, they forged conceptions of citizenship that were limited to national contexts, restricted categories of voters, and ‘advanced’ stages of civilization. Weaving together the convergence and divergence of an Atlantic revolutionary discourse, debates on citizenship, and the intellectual repercussions of the Terror and the Haitian Revolution, Koekkoek offers a fresh perspective on the revolutionary 1790s as a turning point in the history of citizenship.Trade Review"René Koekkoek has written one of the most important, and most provocative comparative studies of the late eighteenth-century Atlantic Revolutions since R.R. Palmer's The Age of the Democratic Revolution. Based on exhaustive research in original French, Dutch and American sources, and written in exceptionally lucid prose, The Citizen Experiment makes a bold argument about how the reaction to the violence and perceived excesses of the French "reign of Terror" and the Haitian Revolution led revolutionaries throughout the Atlantic world to embrace far more narrowly national and circumscribed ideas of citizenship than they had done at the start of their respective revolutions. All historians of the period will want to read, and engage with this book." - David A. Bell, Princeton University "The Citizenship Experiment presents a highly original study of the American, French and Dutch eighteenth-century revolutions. Instead of a traditional side-by-side comparison of the three revolutions, René Koekkoek demonstrates that political ideas on citizenship and equality circulated in an Atlantic political space and cannot be well understood in national frameworks. Koekkoek identifies a radical-democratic Atlantic historical moment in the early seventeen-nineties, followed by a conservative turn impacted by the Terror in France and the successful slave revolution in Haiti. His book is an inspiring example of intercrossing history, highlighting the entanglement of domestic and colonial politics in the making of citizenship in the Age of Revolutions." - Siep Stuurman, author of The Invention of Humanity: Equality and Cultural Difference in World History (Harvard, 2017)Table of Contents Acknowledgments Cover Illustration Introduction 1Citizenship in the Age of Revolutions 2The Terror and the Haitian Revolution 3A Comparative Approach to the ‘Atlantic Thermidor’ 1‘The Kindred Spirit Tie of Congenial Principles’ 1Rights Declarations and the Constitutional Framework of Citizenship 2Converging Revolutionary Citizenship Ideals 3The French Revolution and the Heyday of a Transatlantic Ideal of Citizenship 4Regimes of Exclusion 2Saint-Domingue, Rights and Empire 1The Logic of Rights and the Realm of Empire 2The Nation’s Colonial Citizens 3Slavery and Civic Inequality in the US before Saint-Domingue 3The Civilizational Limits of Citizenship 1The Enlightenment Language of Civilization 2Unity and Hierarchy in the French Empire 3Levelling Principles and Remorseless Savages 4The Turn Away from French Universalism 1Citizenship and Inequality in the Dutch Republican Empire 2‘The vile machinations of men calling themselves philosophers’ 3The French Colonial Thermidor 5Uniting ‘good’ Citizens in Thermidorian France 1The Revolutionary Political Culture of Citizenship, 1792–1794 2Good Citizen / Bad Citizen 3Isolating the Citizen 4What is a Good Citizen? Redefining Civic Virtues 5Narrowing Down Political Citizenship 6The Post-Revolutionary Contestation and Nationalization of American Citizenship 1A Burgeoning Partisan Public Sphere 2‘Whether France is Saved or Ruined, is still Problematical’ 3Political Societies, Faction, and the Limits of Democratic Citizenship 4Anti-Jacobinism and the American Citizenship Model 7Forging the Batavian Citizen in a Post-Terror Revolution 1Portraying the Terror between Orangist Restoration and Batavian Revolution 2Limiting Power, Protecting Rights: The Terror and the Need for a Constitution 3Channelling the Participation of the People 4Nationalization 5The End of the Democratic-Republican Citizen Epilogue. The Age of Revolutions as a Turning Point in the History of Citizenship Bibliography Index
£104.00
Brill Airy Nothings: Imagining the Otherworld of Faerie from the Middle Ages to the Age of Reason: Essays in Honour of Alasdair A. MacDonald
Book SynopsisEver since the Middle Ages the Otherworld of Faerie has been the object of serious intellectual scrutiny. What science in the end dismissed as airy nothings was given a local habitation and a name by art. This book presents some of the main chapters from the history and tradition of otherworldly spirits and fairies in the folklore and literature of the British Isles and Northern Europe. In eleven contributions different experts deal with some of the main problems posed by the scholarly and artistic confrontation with the Otherworld, which not only fuelled the imagination, but also led to the ultimate redundancy of learned perceptions of that Otherworld as it was finally obfuscated by the clarity of an enlightened age. Contributors include: Henk Dragstra, John Flood, Julian Goodare, Tette Hofstra, Robert Maslen, Richard North, Karin E. Olsen, David J. Parkinson, Rudolf Suntrup, Jan R. Veenstra, and Helen Wilcox.Table of ContentsIntroduction Alasdair MacDonald: In Praise of Versatility Notes on Contributors List of Illustrations Marlowe’s Ghost: The Second Report of Doctor John Faustus ROBERT W. MASLEN Rhetorical Play in Cornelius Agrippa: The Declamation on the Nobility and Preeminence of the Female Sex JOHN FLOOD Ein Schwert in Frauenhand: Notizen zu einigen volkssprachigen Texten des Mittelalters TETTE HOFSTRA Female Voices from the Otherworld: The Role of Women in the Early Irish Echtrai KARIN E. OLSEN Morgan le Fay and the Fairy Mound in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight RICHARD NORTH Cresseid ‘Beyond the Pale’ DAVID J. PARKINSON Die Widersacher des allmächtigen Gottes: Teufel und Dämonen in den Concordantiae Caritatis des Ulrich von Lilienfeld RUDOLF SUNTRUP Boundaries of the Fairy Realm in Scotland JULIAN GOODARE ‘Bull-Begger’: An Early Modern Scare-Word HENK DRAGSTRA Shaggie Thighs and Aery Formes: Satyres and Faeries in Ben Jonson’s Oberon HELEN WILCOX Paracelsian Spirits in Pope’s Rape of the Lock JAN R. VEENSTRA Index
£132.00
Brill The Dynastic Centre and the Provinces: Agents & Interactions
Book SynopsisThe dynastic centre and the provinces were linked by agents and ritual occasions. This book includes contributions by specialists examining these connections in late imperial China, early modern Europe, and the Ottoman empire, suggesting important revisions and an agenda for comparison. This title is available online in its entirety in Open AccessTable of ContentsAcknowledgements Notes on Editors and Contributors List of Figures and Maps Jeroen Duindam, Introduction PART ONE AGENTS Jürgen Osterhammel, The Imperial Viceroy: Reflections on an Historical Type İ. Metin Kunt, Devolution from the Centre to the Periphery: an Overview of Ottoman Provincial Administration Yingcong Dai, Broken Passage to the Summit: Nayancheng’s Botched Mission in the White Lotus War R. Kent Guy, Routine Promotions: Li Hu and the Dusty Byways of Empire Christian Büschges, Ceremonial demarcations. The viceregal court as space of political communication in the Spanish monarchy (Valencia, Naples, and Mexico 1621-1635) Sabine Dabringhaus, The Ambans of Tibet – Imperial Rule at the Inner Asian Periphery PART TWO INTERACTIONS Patricia Ebrey, Remonstrating against Royal Extravagance in Imperial China Helen Watanabe-O’Kelly, ‘True and Historical Descriptions’? European Festivals and the Printed Record Neil Murphy, Ceremonial Entries and the Confirmation of Urban Privileges in France, c. 1350-1550 Margit Thøfner, ‘Willingly we follow a gentle leader…’: Joyous Entries into Antwerp Michael G. Chang, Historical Narratives of the Kangxi Emperor's Inaugural Visit to Suzhou, 1684 Jeroen Duindam, Towards a comparative understanding of rulership: discourses, practices, patterns Index INTRODUCTION JEROEN DUINDAM Throughout global history empires have been expanding and contracting, rising and declining. New dynasties challenged their predecessors, only to be ousted in their turn. Conquerors stunned their contemporaries by overrunning huge landmasses, but their successors frequently proved unable to maintain even a semblance of unity. Chinese history, at first glance the epitome of continuity, hides repeated and protracted phases of violent contestation and sweeping geographical reconfiguration. Many dynasties, moreover, show a pattern of alternation between centralising and regionalising phases. In Europe, never unified under one single political or religious authority, the same patterns can be observed on the smaller-scale level of its dynastic mosaic. Traditionally, Europe and China were seen as opposites, with China standing for unity, harmony, and continuity, Europe for division, competition and dynamism. Echoes of this view can still be found in debates on the ‘rise of the West’ and to some extent they reflect real differences. However, such essentialist perspectives on European and Asian history tend to be self-confirmatory; they can be re-examined only by adopting a radically different approach based on focused comparison of well-defined themes. Comparative history has been practiced largely at the level of secondary sources within a restricted field of languages: it almost inevitably reproduces clichés of the older literature. Mastering the languages and research traditions of Chinese as well as European history reaches beyond the lifespan and capabilities of most individual scholars. By bringing together specialists studying the connections between dynastic centres and the territories formally under their sway, mostly in Late Imperial China and Early Modern Europe, this volume explores the uncharted path towards comparison at a different level. The concentrated and detailed chapters are not themselves comparative in nature, but they powerfully suggest the intellectual potential of combining a global scope with a keen awareness of the complications of local sources. This introduction outlines the themes under scrutiny; an epilogue elaborates some of the consequences of the contributions assembled here for further comparative research in this field. Powers wax and wane – not only in terms of territorial scope but also in the degree to which the centre can control the provinces. Imperial centres can command respect and extract tribute without actively governing outlying regions; as soon as the authority of the centre wanes, however, tributaries tend to drift away. Loss of control and political cohesion threatens even modern states supported by a technology of communication and infrastructures beyond the wildest imagination of any pre-modern ruler. How could leaders hope to secure the acquiescence of populations they ruled, particularly in remote areas? This classic question, examined at length in Max Weber’s influential typology of power, can be answered in many ways. Three different ingredients figure in most durable political arrangements, albeit in variously proportioned combinations: coercion, interests, and ideals. It is difficult to conceive of any political constellation binding together a variety of groups and territories without 1) the threat of violent retribution, 2) the promise of material rewards, and 3) the appeal to shared values and ideas. The French Revolution expanded greatly the potential of states in each of these respects, a development enhanced by a sequence of technological breakthroughs. Not only did the revolution entail a sharp polarisation of political ideas and an upsurge of popular political action; it also caused an explosion of the repressive apparatus, adopted voluntarily by restoration monarchs. The growth of state power throughout the nineteenth and twentieth centuries went hand in hand with a differentiating and expanding agenda of state activities, and – in democratic regimes – with a rise in the numbers of voters and stakeholders. The protracted phase of change from the final decades of the ancien régime into our contemporary world powerfully suggested a more linear view of history; it has also shaped our perception of pre-revolutionary forms of power. Post-revolutionary critique underlined the omnipotence and arbitrariness of monarchical government as well as its disregard for the interest of its peoples. The legacies of dynastic power, in the form of palaces, images, and texts, likewise suggested strength, inflated self-importance, and detachment from public needs. With the demise of the moral underpinning of monarchical rule, it became difficult to differentiate its religious-hierarchical mandate from blatant abuse and self-enrichment. Amidst mostly negative associations one appreciative note remained: monarchy had triumphed over feudal anarchy and baronial power. In the national historiographies of Europe, particularly of France, monarchy appeared as an intermediate stage, with rulers laying the groundwork for the modern state by subduing their overmighty noble subjects. This overstated and one-sided view of royal power firmly dominated European history textbooks until recently. A gradual revision of European ‘absolutism’ took shape in the last decades of the twentieth century largely on the basis of research in archives that added regional and elite perspectives to the top-down monarchical view. The language of fidelity and subservience went together with a keen defence of local corporate interests. While the monarchical state harshly punished open defiance, it accepted regional elites as necessary partners in government, as a rule accommodating local interests and rights. At the heart of the monarchical state a similar pattern predominated: open challenges were never tolerated, but loyal supporters were granted extensive rights. The household, long understood as a gilded cage where once-powerful nobles were captured in a contest for vain honours, was never wholly detached from governance. Louis XIV’s successful attempt to attach the highest nobles to his court by rewarding them with prestigious offices and privileges created an aristocratic stronghold that would persist until the revolution. The rulers themselves, whether strong or weak, relied at least a part of their lives on the support and advice of confidants in their domestic environment. In addition to the qualification of the reach and force of royal power, it has become clearer that dynastic rulers, too, cherished a moral view of their responsibilities, even if in practice they often ignored the dictates of their mandate. The tension between the practices outlined in Machiavelli’s The Prince and the moral code voiced in numerous princely mirrors reflects the Janus-faced nature of political action in general. Can this process of revision profitably be extended to Chinese dynastic power? The European perception of Asian dynastic constellations was encumbered not only by the generic legacies of revolution and dynastic propaganda: in addition it has been plagued by the clichés of ‘Oriental despotism’. While omnipotence, arbitrariness, luxury, and decadence can be found among the negative connotations of European dynastic rule, they have dominated the European view of Asian rulers from Montesquieu to Wittfogel. Montesquieu’s typology of the leading principles of despotism (fear), monarchy (honour), and republic (virtue), to some extent reflect the three categories outlined above: coercion, interests, and ideals. His understanding of monarchy, based on the distribution of ‘honours’ in the sense of advantages and titles as much as on the principle of honour, comes close to material interests. Montesquieu located the republican principle of virtue in antiquity and actually could no longer trace it in the republics of eighteenth-century Europe. The empires of Asia, finally, served as his main example of despotic rule based on fear. Montesquieu did not accept his Jesuit contemporaries’ appreciative view of China’s government and failed to see honour and virtue among the Chinese, ‘à qui’, he stressed, ‘on ne fait rien faire qu’à coups de baton’. Traditional Chinese dynastic histories, written from the perspective of the scholarly elite of officials, gave pride of place to wise advisers admonishing the emperor – their ideal role. On the whole, however, they too have underlined the unchallen¬geable powers of the emperor, corrupted only under weaker emperors by the malicious influence of eunuchs and dowagers – the scholars’ inner-court rivals. Will different sources, at court or in the regions, bring to light different perspectives? An abundant harvest of recent literature tends to answer affirmatively. The relatively small imperial magistracy ruling over huge and populous territories forcefully suggests that power necessarily was based on local co-operation and co-optation. At court, strong emperors wielding power actively and weaklings reigning without ruling can both be expected to have been influenced by their confidants and restrained by the accumulation of ritual responsibilities. No emperor escaped entirely from the pressures and restrictions dictated by his office and its socio-cultural embedding. This preliminary discussion outlines some of the issues behind the initiative culminating in this volume: 1) One of the key questions of government can be found in the changing relationship between a political centre and the provinces under its authority. 2) The post-revolutionary stress on coercion as the key element in pre-modern dynastic states or empires needs to be re-examined, allowing more room for the interplay of coercion, interests and ideals. 3) The revision of ‘absolutism’ in the European context and the reconfiguration of the history of European dynastic states on the basis partly of new source materials raise the question to what extent these changing interpretations are relevant for Asian dynastic states and empires, notably Late Imperial China. 4) Recent publications on dynastic power in Late Imperial Chinese history likewise suggest a revision of traditional images of dynastic power – can they be understood as converging with European revisionism? Only by bringing together specialists on European and Chinese history can we hope to effectively start answering such questions. Our effort took shape in two meetings, the first concentrating on occasions where rulers visited the regions or met regional representatives, the second focusing on persons representing the ruler in the provinces. These two poles form the sections of the current book: agents & interactions. While this introduction outlines the general themes of this volume, a more extensive and probing opening chapter by Jürgen Osterhammel examines the patterns recurring in the history of the ruler’s most eminent representatives. For some rulers traveling could substitute for the appointment of local agents. Dynastic rule long retained a mobile character, following a seasonal-liturgical-political calendar of movement. Most Early Modern European courts developed a single prominent winter residence but usually travelled to a sequence of hunting lodges in spring, summer, and early autumn. No Early Modern European court refrained from travel altogether – even the French court after its installation in Versailles moved to Fontainebleau for a six-week sojourn every autumn and undertook shorter trips to various other palaces. These patterns echoed the tradition of Reisekönigtum, in which the ruler himself moved from province to province, being hosted by his various regional stalwarts who at the same time confirmed their loyalty. From the later seventeenth century onwards, however, most European monarchies could rely on a more developed system of regional government, reducing the political necessity for travel – or placing it on the shoulders of regional representatives, who in turn were expected to report to the centre. Chinese emperors had long since established a sedentary court in their various capitals, but this did not prevent them from moving on hunting expeditions, inspection tours, or visits to dynastic tombs and important shrines. The late Ming emperors were notorious homebodies, hiding behind the moat and walls of the Forbidden City, some to the point of refusing to face their outer-court officials. Conversely, their Qing successors proved more mobile, sometimes to the point of provoking the classic admonitions of their Confucian advisers. Clearly in Early Modern Europe and in Late Imperial China the rulers’ travels were an addition to, rather than a replacement for, a system of regional administration. Apparently, a network of regional agents supported by a system of government by paper, highly developed in the Chinese case and rapidly gaining pace in most European countries, did not necessarily take away the need to meet in person. The feudal hierarchy of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation still expected vassals to perform an act of homage to the emperor, although this ritual was increasingly performed by proxies. The highest office-holders in France pledged their oath to the king in person, ‘entre les mains de sa majesté’. All European dynastic rulers expected a share of their elites to attend ritual highlights and festive occasions, wherever these took place. Personal attendance and notably access into the ruler’s direct proximity retained great importance for elites. The numerous honorary servitors of the European court cultivated their rights of access even if they served at court only haphazardly. The persistent importance of personal interaction, or ‘Anwesenheits¬gesellschaft’, around dynastic rulers was extended into distant territories by sending out representatives who could be seen as the ruler’s alter ego. Ambassadors and viceroys personally performed royalty in the name of their ruler. High-placed personal representatives could operate as the head of a well-developed central administration in the region; often, however, they served first and foremost as a prestigious personal intermediary between the distant ruler and local elites. Most extended empires left room for various arrangements ranging from a closely monitored core territory, via outlying regions with more autonomy, to a frontier based mostly on tributary connections or alliances. The differentiated conditions shaped the forms of interaction and the status and functions of agents. Did rulers distance themselves from the population at large
£132.80