Gynaecology and obstetrics Books

Book SynopsisTable of ContentsPreface to the fifth edition vii Preface to the first edition vii Acknowledgements ix List of abbreviations x About the companion website xiii Gynaecology 1 The history and examination in gynaecology 3 2 The menstrual cycle and its disorders 9with Margaret Rees 3 The uterus and its abnormalities 22 4 The cervix and its disorders 33 5 The ovary and its disorders 42 6 Disorders of the vulva and vagina 51 7 Prolapse of the uterus and vagina 57 8 Disorders of the urinary tract 62 9 Endometriosis and chronic pelvic pain 70 10 Genital tract infections 76with Graz Luzzi and Jackie Sherrard 11 Fertility and subfertility 85 12 Contraception 102 13 The menopause and postreproductive health 114with Margaret Rees 14 Disorders of early pregnancy 123 15 Gynaecological operations 135 Obstetrics 16 The history and examination in obstetrics 143 17 Antenatal care 152 18 Congenital abnormalities and their identification 158 19 Infections in pregnancy 171 20 Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy 180 21 Other medical disorders in pregnancy 189 22 Red blood cell isoimmunization 209 23 Delivery before term 213 24 Antepartum haemorrhage 221 25 Fetal growth, health and surveillance 228 26 Abnormal lie and breech presentation 240 27 Multiple pregnancy 245 28 Labour 1: Mechanism – anatomy and physiology 253 29 Labour 2: Management 260 30 Labour 3: Special circumstances 279 31 Instrumental and operative delivery 284 32 Obstetric emergencies 291 33 The puerperium 295 34 Birth statistics and audit 302 35 Legal (UK) and ethical issues in obstetrics and gynaecology 308with Ingrid Granne Gynaecology management 315 Obstetric management 329Lawrence Impey and Catharine Greenwood Appendix 1: Common drugs: safety and usage in pregnancy and breastfeeding 345 Appendix 2: Normal maternal ranges in pregnancy 349 Index 351

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Book SynopsisFetal development in the mouse is routinely and increasingly utilized for advancing translational research and medical innovation for human obstetrical care. This is the first and only manual to provide necessary content on how this should be handled for accurate and effective data collection. Detailed descriptions and examples demonstrate how researchers and clinicians can use murine fetal and obstetrical data to improve future human applications in diseases such as infertility, recurrent pregnancy loss, intrauterine fetal growth restriction, placental insufficiency, and intrauterine fetal demise, as well as organ-specific developmental disease.Table of ContentsAcknowledgements. Foreword by Carlos Simon and Cecilia Valdes. Preface. Implantation and Embryonic Imaging: Mouse until D4.5–9.5; Human 5–9 Weeks. Early Organogenesis and First Trimester: Mouse D10.5–12.5; Human 9–12 Weeks. Mid-Gestation and Second Trimester: Mouse D13.5–15.5; Human 13–27 Weeks. Central Nervous System and Facial Development: Mouse D13.5–15.5; Human 13–27 Weeks. Late-Gestation and Third Trimester: Mouse D16.5–18.5; Human 28–40 Weeks. Placenta Throughout Gestation. Index.

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Book SynopsisCardiac disease is one of the leading causes of maternal morbidity and mortality. Catastrophic outcomes typically encountered are due to gaps in knowledge and communication between health care providers. There is a great need for a standardized approach for care of this very high-risk group of pregnant women. The book encompasses detailed obstetrics and cardiology perspectives that are crucial in the management of the commonly encountered cardiac conditions in pregnancy. This text aims to provide guidance to the whole team caring for a pregnant cardiac patient consisting of obstetricians, maternal-fetal medicine, hospitalists, cardiologists, obstetric anaesthesiologists, emergency physicians, primary care providers and nurses. Features: Cardio-Obstetric team organization Preconception counselling and family planning considerations Cardiovascular disease screening and risk stratification of a pregnant cardiac patTrade ReviewThis book is most appropriate for general obstetricians, maternal-fetal medicine physicians, and cardiologists interested in pregnancy care. This is certainly a book that many obstetricians and maternal-fetal medicine providers, including me, will be adding to their collection. - Doody’s Review Service Table of Contents1.Burden of cardiovascular disease. 2.The Cardio-Obstetric team. 3.Cardiovascular physiology of pregnancy and clinical implications. 4.Preconception care: Optimization of cardiac risk. 5.Termination and contraceptive options for the cardiac patient. 6.Cardiovascular symptoms: Is it pregnancy or the heart? 7.Cardiac diagnostic testing in pregnancy. 8.Anesthesia and analgesia in the pregnant cardiac patient. 9.Anticoagulation in pregnancy. 10.Congenital heart disease in pregnancy. 11.Valve disease in pregnancy. 12.Cardiomyopathies in pregnancy. 13.Vascular disease and dissection in pregnancy. 14.Acute coronary syndromes in pregnancy. 15.Pulmonary hypertension in pregnancy. 16.Arrhythmias in pregnancy. 17.Thromboembolism and amniotic fluid embolism. 18.Endocarditis in pregnancy. 19.Cardiac surgery in pregnancy. 20.Cardiovascular medications in pregnancy. 21.Cardiopulmonary resuscitation in pregnancy.

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Book SynopsisThis study guide offers a systematic, comprehensive and focused approach to preparation for the MRCOG Part 3 Clinical Assessment exam. After an initial introduction, the text divides by OSCE station, beginning with an analysis of what the station is testing and what approaches and preparation are required, supported by tips and examples; this is followed by thoroughly worked practice questions based upon the exam format, with an analysis of how these are likely to be marked. Practice exam ''circuits'' with fully worked questions and answers conclude the book.Table of ContentsPreface Acknowledgement Abbreviations Introduction Section I: Preparation for the MRCOG Part 31. Preparation for the MRCOG Part 3Section II: Techniques for specific OSCE stations2. History and management stations 3. Communication, counselling and breaking bad news 4. Results interpretation and management 5. Critical appraisal of the medical literature and audit 6. Equipment, surgery and practical procedures 7. Emergencies 8. Structured oral examination (viva) 9. Teaching Section III: OSCE practice circuits10. Practice circuit 1 11. Practice circuit 2 Index

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Book SynopsisThis book presents medical students and those preparing for postgraduate examinations with an ideal opportunity to assess their levels of knowledge and understanding in obstetrics and gynaecology, and to practice their exam technique across a range of question formats. It can be used as a standalone revision guide, but is also designed to complement the latest editions of the best-selling volumes Gynaecology by Ten Teachers and Obstetrics by Ten Teachers. Key features: Includes an extensive range of question typesEMQs, MCQs, SBAs, SAQs, and OSCEsproviding comprehensive coverage compatible with all relevant examinations Fully up-to-dateensuring prospective candidates practice across all areas on which they will be tested Clear and accessible with concise explanations of answers and directions to the Ten Teachers textbooks for those seeking further advice and guidance With coverage across the obstetrics and gynaTable of ContentsObstetrics. Extended Matching Questions. Answers. Multiple Choice Questions. Answers 40. Single Best Answer Questions. Answers. Short Answer Questions. Objective Structured Clinical Examination Questions. Answers. Gynaecology. Extended Matching Questions. Answers. Multiple Choice Questions. Answers. Single Best Answer Questions. Answers. Short Answer Questions. Objective Structured Clinical Examination Questions. Answers. Index.

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Book SynopsisThis essential handbook helps midwifery students to make the most from their time studying. It clearly explains the core learning skillsyou will need right from the start of the course, such as academic writing, placement learning and understanding theoretical concepts. It also introduces more advanced skills, such as reflection, research, evidence-based practice, writing a dissertation and complex decision making. It shows why these important skills are essential for youboth to succeed at university and when you are a registered midwife. Key features - An accessible student-friendly guide specifically written for midwifery students - Three midwifery students are followed throughout the book to show real issues that you may face during your studies - Activities throughout help you test and develop your own learning skills - Each chapter is linked to relevant NMC and QAA standards, so that you can see what you are expected tTable of ContentsIntroduction PART ONE Beginning your Midwifery Education Understanding and Using Concepts and Principles: Values and Midwifery Relating Theory to Practice Writing Academically: Evaluation, Developing Arguments, Avoiding Pitfalls PART TWO Developing Critical Analysis and Understanding Applying University Learning on your Practice Placements Developing as a Reflective Learner and Practitioner Understanding and Using Research PART THREE Becoming a Research-informed Student Becoming an Independent and Autonomous Learner Bringing Your Learning Together: The Dissertation Dealing with Complexity: Using Knowledge in Practice Conclusion

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Book SynopsisBiology of Menopause presents the proceedings of an international symposium held from September 10-13, 1998 in Newport Beach, CA. The proceedings review current knowledge and explores future research directions on the biologic changes of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis across the menopausal transition and the associated changes in physiologic systems outside of the HPO axis, including the brain, the musculoskeletal and cardiovascular systems. Additionally, chapters present new methods of study and emerging areas of research.Table of Contents1. New Understanding of the Complexity of the Menopause and Challenges for the Future.- I. Hypothalamic—Pituitary—Ovarian Axis During Reproductive Aging.- 2. Luteinizing Hormone Releasing Hormone (LHRH) Neuronal Function in Middle-Aged Female Rats.- 3. Reproductive Aging and the Human Hypothalamus.- 4. Alterations in the Pattern of Gonadotropin Secretion During the Menopausal Transition.- 5. Clinical and Scientific Significance of Perimenopausal Changes in Pituitary and Ovarian Hormone Secretion.- 6. Follicular Depletion and the Menopausal Transition.- 7. Ovarian Follicle Recruitment and Secretory Capacity in Women of Advanced Reproductive Age.- 8. New Strategies in Studying Ovarian Aging.- II. Effects of Reproductive Aging on Nonreproductive Tissues.- 9. Novel Mechanisms of Estrogen Action in the Developing Brain.- 10. Neuroprotective Effects of Estrogens.- 11. Cognitive Changes and Aging: Is Estrogen a Factor?.- 12. Age-Related Changes and Hormonal Regulation of Mesenchymal Stromal Stem Cells from Human Vertebral Bone Marrow.- 13. Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis.- 14. Changes in Cardiovascular Risk Factors During the Peri- and Postmenopausal Years.- 15. Estrogen and the Vascular Injury Response.- 16. Effects of Mammalian and Plant Estrogens on Lipoprotein Metabolism and Coronary Heart Disease.- 17. Potential Cardioprotective Effects of Estrogen Involving Ion Channels, Endothelium, and Coronary Artery Reactivity.- 18. Role of the Membrane Estrogen Receptor in Vascular Cell Physiology.- 19. Role of Nitric Oxide in the Antiatherosclerotic Effect of 17?-Estradiol.- 20. Biological and Psychosocial Factors Affecting Sexual Functioning During the Menopausal Transition.- III. New Methods and Emerging Areas.- 21. Transgenic Models to Study Reproduction, Oncogenesis, and Development.- 22. Studying the Genetics of Complex But Common Human Diseases Using Mice.- 23. The Classic Steroid Hormone Receptors and ER?, the Novel Estrogen Receptor.- 24. Estrogen Receptor Alpha versus Beta: New Estrogen Responsive Tissues and New Potentials for HRT.- 25. Putting the Menopause into Perspective: Lessons Learned from the Biology of Menopause.- Author Index.

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Book SynopsisKnowledge of and experience with the basic technique of vaginal hysterectomy is not univers al. Each surgeon must learn to identify and appreciate the dimensions of individual variation in anatomic findings and therefore surgical technical decisions and their execu tion from one patient to another. Unexpected surgical difficulty can be predicted, but ultimately it is dealt with retrospectively. Skilled practitioners must study the particular patient and her problem comprehensively and allow for such individual variations in find ings and technical needs as are necessary to the surgical solution for that patient''s problem. Recognizing these factors, Drs. Hoffman and Spellacy have orga nized and prepared a comprehensive monograph concerning this very real clinical entity. They have reviewed the experience of con temporary surgeons and blended these recommendations with their own eTrade Review"This book should be in the library of all gynaecological teaching hospitals, and is required reading for all gynaecological surgeons who wish to increase the number of their patients who would benefit from vaginal surgery." (The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology)Table of Contents1 Vaginal Hysterectomy in Perspective.- 2 Standard Approach.- 3 Management of the Adnexa.- 4 Intraoperative Complications.- 5 Enlarged Uterus.- 6 Lack of Descensus.- 7 Markedly Prolapsed Uterus.- 8 Prior Pelvic Surgery.- 9 Miscellaneous Conditions.

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Book SynopsisBased on the gold standard procedures and protocols developed at Boston IVF, this new edition of a bestselling text continues to provide a structured approach to treating the infertile couple that can be of benefit to the gynecologist, reproductive endocrinologist, and reproductive medicine nurse alike. Both clinical and laboratory techniques are included, with material on preconception care. New to this edition are chapters on fertility care for the LGBT community, endometriosis, elective egg freezing, and effective nursing.Table of ContentsContentsList of ContributorsPrefaceAcknowledgments About Boston IVF Overview of infertility Alan S Penzias Factors affecting fertility Steven R Bayer and Merle Berger The infertility workup Jesse Hade Preconceptional care Steven R Bayer Clinical algorithms Michael M Alper Treatment options I. Ovulation induction Selwyn P Oskowitz and Alan Penzias Treatment options II. Intrauterine insemination Sonia Elguero and Marsha Forman Treatment options III. In vitro fertilization Michael M Alper Treatment options IV. Third party reproduction Brian M Berger Fertility care for the LGBT community Samuel Pang Evaluation and management of male infertility Steven Lazarou Preimplantation genetic testing Kim L Thornton Endometriosis and infertility Dan Griffin Polycystic ovary syndrome Rita M Sneeringer and Kristin Wright Recurrent pregnancy loss Benjamin Lannon and Alison E Zimon Fertility preservation for cancer patients David A Ryley Elective egg freezing Kerri Luzzo and Samuel Pauli The IVF laboratory Denny Sakaas, Brent Barret, Kathy Go Tools for effective nursing in the care of the infertile patient Sharon Edwards, Susan Gordon-Pennell, Kristin McCutcheon The mind and body connection Alice D Domar Infertility Counseling and The Role of the Infertility Counselor Jeanie Ungerleider, Terry Chen Rothchild and Lynn Nichols Medical ethics in reproductive medicine Steven R Bayer and Kim L Thornton Integrating quality management into a fertility practice Michael Alper The True ART: How to deliver the best patient care Derek Larkin

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Book Synopsis'We never train women in Sydney,' Caroline de Costa was told in 1974 when she applied to become a junior registrar in obstetrics and gynaecology. She and her husband packed their bags and their children, and headed for Dublin.When Caroline first started in medicine, being an unmarried mother was frowned on, cane toads were used for pregnancy tests, and giving birth was much riskier than it is today. Her funny and poignant stories of bringing babies into the world show that, while much has changed, women still work hard and it remains a bloody business. A birth plan is no guarantee of a normal birth (whatever that is).Men have always wanted to control women's bodies, and Caroline has been instrumental in giving Australian women of all backgrounds the opportunity to resist, and to choose when and how they have babies. Her behind-the-scenes stories reveal it's often the little things that win a campaign.Trade ReviewAn enthralling and at times eye-popping ride through her brilliant career as an obstetrician and fierce advocate for women's reproductive freedom. -- Anne Summers * Anne Summers *Caroline de Costa has lived an exciting and unusual life, is a brilliant doctor, a fierce and trailblazing feminist and now reveals herself as a gripping and evocative writer! -- Jane Caro * Jane Caro *

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Book SynopsisPostnatal PTSD, often referred to as birth trauma, is an underdiagnosed and misunderstood condition. Often mistaken for postnatal depression and with 4% of women developing the condition after giving birth, it is essential that health professionals learn to recognise and prevent postnatal PTSD.The book supports professionals to better understand, recognise, treat and help prevent birth trauma. It covers the impact of postnatal PTSD on bonding and relationships, birth trauma in Black, Asian and minority ethnic communities, how to support women having another baby and more.An accessible guide to supporting parents with postnatal PTSD, this book is essential reading for healthcare professionals and those involved with the birthing process.Trade ReviewI was moved to tears by these powerful stories of birth trauma, linked by a digest of historical context and research evidence. Expert compassionate care can prevent damaging psychosocial consequences for women and families, whilst professionals themselves need to be shown the same kindness. This book is often heart-breaking but ultimately hopeful. -- Dr Jane Morris, Consultant Perinatal Psychiatrist and Medical PsychotherapistA well-informed, comprehensive book based on research evidence and people's experiences of postnatal PTSD. Essential reading for maternity care professionals. -- Professor Susan Ayers, City, University of LondonThe importance of this book cannot be overestimated. Not only do the authors provide a comprehensive theoretical understanding and practical tool for practitioners, each chapter is steeped in compassion and understanding. This book provides all of us working in the perinatal landscape a brilliantly evidenced and researched tool to better understand perinatal PTSD with compassion and understanding. We are the first generation to understand trauma in such depth and this book provides a clear, well researched analysis brought to life with women's stories. This is a great tool for professionals which I hope leads to high quality and compassionate care for all women during the perinatal period. -- Laura Seebohm, Maternal Mental Health AllianceWe don't usually do book reviews, but this is informative and timely work. As it says at the end; a maternity care system that recognises that birth can be traumatic, and that emphasises kindness, dignity, and respect, works better for everyone - midwives, obstetricians, mothers, and babies. Kim and Shona's expertise and experience, plus the stories from women, their partners and professionals involved in care, illuminates the book. Running though it all, from the history and recognition of PTSD to how it manifests as postnatal PTSD linked to traumatic birth, is the importance of good communication and listening to women and their partners. It also has a chapter on recognising and suggesting help for the often forgotten or ignored secondary traumatic stress and moral injury that can be experienced by midwives, obstetricians and other professionals who've been present at a traumatic birth * The Nursing and Midwifery Council *

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Book SynopsisTitles in the Pocket Tutor series give practical guidance on subjects that medical students and foundation doctors need help with ‘on the go’, at a highly-affordable price that puts them within reach of those rotating through modular courses or working on attachment. Topics reflect information needs stemming from today’s integrated undergraduate and foundation courses: Common presentations Investigation options (e.g. ECG, imaging) Clinical and patient-orientated skills (e.g. examinations, history-taking) The highly-structured, bite-size content helps novices combat the ‘fear factor’ associated with day-to-day clinical training and provides a detailed resource that students and junior doctors can carry in their pocket.Table of Contents Chapter 1 First principles Chapter 2 Clinical essentials Chapter 3 Puberty and congenital disorders Chapter 4 Disorders of the menstrual cycle Chapter 5 Genital diseases Chapter 6 Reproduction Chapter 7 Menopause Chapter 8 Pelvic organ prolapse and urinary dysfunction Chapter 9 Principles of gynaecological oncology

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Book SynopsisThe death of a baby is one of the most painful experiences anyone can imagine. This practical, compassionate text guides professionals in providing the best possible care through the physical and emotional pain of a pregnancy loss from early miscarriage to neonatal death, enabling patients and their families to grieve. Written by two professionals with extensive experience in the field, the book inspires confidence for those confronted with this challenging task. It focuses on common issues that inhibit good care and addresses the traditionally difficult topics. Healthcare staff assisting patients during this time often require support of their own and this is also addressed with constructive, inspirational approaches and ideas for professional training. Perinatal Loss: a handbook for working with women and their families offers insights, information and support for managing pregnancy loss for all professionals and students including nurses, sonographers, midwives, doctors (including obstetricians and general practitioners), chaplains and morticians. 'This is an important and warmly welcomed book which thoroughly endorses the key aims of Sands (Stillbirth & Neonatal Death Society). In particular, it demonstrates a forceful commitment to improving care for bereaved families whilst acknowledging the difficult task that staff undertake when caring for them. This handbook encompasses all aspects of perinatal loss, giving due care and attention to the many different circumstances and exploring the thoughts and feelings which are experienced when a baby dies at any gestation.' From the Foreword by Julia GrayTrade Review'The handbook is written in a concise and logical order, firstly detailing the different types of perinatal loss [...] this book will surely be a handbook worth having.' - Amanda Wagg, Journal of Health Visiting 'The authors tackle some challenging issues sensitivelt including death during labour, post mortem and what to do with the baby following death. I believe this is a valuable book that offers insight for everyone who has been touched by the experience of perinatal loss.' - Helen Bennett, Nursing Children and Young People 'The book is an excellent guide to fetal loss and a good source of reference for healthcareworkers of all disciplines. It is essential reading for anyone involved with fetal loss and is a valuable asset to any women's health department.' - Ken Hodson MRCP(UK) MRCOG Subspecialty Trainee in Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, UKTable of ContentsForeword. About the authors. Introduction. Types of losses. Bad and sad news. Initial grief reactions. Patient-centred care. Support for staff. Labour and delivery. When something goes wrong in labour. What to do with the baby. Tests, post-mortems and paperwork. Funeral arrangements including burial and cremation. Support for parents after the death and the longer lasting effects of grief. The next pregnancy. Training. Index.

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Book SynopsisHow did a magnificent rescue operation become such a common way of giving birth? And how safe is it really? Why do some countries have 10 per cent of caesarian births, and some more than 50 per cent? Why have risky procedures, such as forceps deliveries, not been eliminated by the C-section? What is the birthing pool test? What are the very first microbes met by a caesarean-born baby? Is it easy to breastfeed after a caesarean? Why are different approaches taken to scheduled C-sections, C-sections during labour, and emergency C-sections? What do mother and baby miss out on by not sharing a vaginal birth? What do we know about the long-term consequences of being born by caesarean? What do we know about the long-term consequences of giving birth by caesarean? What is the future of the 'a la carte'C-section? What is the future of a civilisation born by caesarean? Having been involved in half a century of the history of the caesarean, Dr Michel Odent is uniquely and authoritatively equipped to deal with these vital and urgent questions.

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Book SynopsisThis brief explores the resurgence of the role of doulas in the child birthing process in Chinese clinical settings, as a lens to understand comparative pre- and post-natal care worldwide. The demand for doulas in China is increasing, and the rise in the use of doulas is thought to be due to increasing dissatisfaction with current institutional maternity health care. Attention is focused on Chinese women’s relationships with their bodies and on women’s experiences of choice, agency, and access to health and reproductive services as well as maternal health care information and support. Chapters present an overview of the current experience of pre- and post- natal care in China. In addition, chapters explore interview data on how Chinese doulas construct multiple identities, in terms of serving as lactation consultants, child care providers, and child care educators for women during pregnancy and childbirth. Maternal Healthcare and Doulas in China will be of interest to researchers in public health and health policy, particularly with an interest in maternal health or Asian studies, as well as, health practitioners, and clinicians who are interested in issues related to women, maternity, health care, childbirth, and feminist research in China. Table of Contents

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Book SynopsisThis volume focuses on endometriosis from its pathogenesis and the importance of the early diagnosis to treatment, throughout all aspects of femininity that this disease affects, impacting health and quality of life.It also covers treatment strategies for the pain and for the disease management according to the age and needs of the patient, from adolescence to menopause, passing through the fertile age and the consequences that this disease can have on fertility and pregnancy. This book is a useful, clear and up-to-date tool for gynecologists, gynecological surgeons, reproductive medicine and general practitioners and is an important source of information to face this more and more frequent and devastating disease.Table of ContentsChapter 1. Endocrine disruptors and risk of endometriosis.- Chapter 2. Metabolomic characteristics in endometriosis patients.- Chapter 3. Can we diagnose early endometriosis with ultrasound rather than laparoscopy?.- Chapter 4. Neurotrophins and cytokines in endometriosis pain.- Chapter 5. Endometriosis induced pain: the treatment strategy.- Chapter 6. Management of endometriosis in teenagers.- Chapter 7. The etonogestrel contraceptive implant as a therapy for endometriosis.- Chapter 8. Impact of endometrioma surgery on ovarian reserve.- Chapter 9. What is the place of surgery of deep endometriosis in infertile and pelvic pain patients?.- Chapter 10. Endometriosis and Infertility: surgery and IVF: when, why and outcomes.- Chapter 11. ART and Endometriosis : problems and solutions.- Chapter 12. Morphokinetics in embryos from patients with endometriosis.- Chapter 13. Endometriosis and cancer: prevention and diagnosis.- Chapter 14. Medical management of endometriosis, present and future with special reference to MHT in the patient previously diagnosed with endometriosis.- Chapter 15. Endometriosis and Menopause: Realities and Management.

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Book SynopsisThis open access edited book brings together new research on the mechanisms by which maternal and reproductive health policies are formed and implemented in diverse locales around the world, from global policy spaces to sites of practice. The authors – both internationally respected anthropologists and new voices – demonstrate the value of ethnography and the utility of reproduction as a lens through which to generate rich insights into professionals’ and lay people’s intimate encounters with policy. Authors look closely at core policy debates in the history of global maternal health across six different continents, including: Women’s use of misoprostol for abortion in Burkina Faso The place of traditional birth attendants in global maternal health Donor-driven maternal health programs in Tanzania Efforts to integrate qualitative evidence in WHO maternal and child health policy-making Anthropologies of Global Maternal and Reproductive Health will engage readers interested in critical conversations about global health policy today. The broad range of foci makes it a valuable resource for teaching in medical anthropology, anthropology of reproduction, and interdisciplinary global health programs. The book will also find readership amongst critical public health scholars, health policy and systems researchers, and global public health practitioners. Table of ContentsForeword Craig Janes Acknowledgements Chapter 1. Introduction Lauren J. Wallace, Margaret E. Macdonald & Katerini T. Storeng Part I. Implementation Disconnects and Policy Rhetoric Chapter 2. Baby (not so) Friendly: Implementation of the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative in Serbia Ljiljana Pantović Chapter 3. The Promise and Neglect of Follow-up Care in Obstetric Fistula Treatment in Uganda Bonnie Ruder & Alice Aturo Emasu Chapter 4. The Domestication of Misoprostol for Abortion in Burkina Faso: Interactions Between Caregivers, Drug Vendors and Women Seydou Drabo Chapter 5. The ‘Sustainability Doctrine’ in Donor-driven Maternal Health Programs in Tanzania Meredith G. Marten Part II. Policy Ambivalence Chapter 6. The Place of Traditional Birth Attendants in Global Maternal Health: Policy Retreat, Ambivalence, and Return Margaret E. MacDonald Chapter 7. Conflicted Reproductive Governance: The Co-existence of Rights-Based Approaches and Coercion in India’s Family Planning Policies Maya Unnithan Part III. Contesting Authoritative Knowledge and Practice Chapter 8. Regulating Midwives: Foreclosing Alternatives in the Policy-making Process in West Java, Indonesia Priscilla Anne Magrath Part IV. The Rise of Evidence and its Uses Chapter 9. Making Space for Qualitative Evidence in Global Maternal and Child Health Policy-making Christopher J. Colvin Chapter 10. The International Childbirth Initiative: An Applied Anthropologist’s Account of Developing Global Guidelines Robbie Davis-Floyd Chapter 11. Selling Beautiful Births: The Use of Evidence by Brazil’s Humanised Birth Movement Lucy Irvine

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Book SynopsisThis practical book focuses on the most recent advances in natural cycle and minimal stimulation in vitro fertilization (IVF).The volume presents the steps that need to be followed to successfully perform these techniques and covers all aspects and competences involved.The book provides information on physiology of folliculogenesis, ovulation, oocytes and luteal phase and based on this information on clinical practice of stimulation, ovulation induction and inhibition, follicle aspiration and luteal phase support in natural cycle and minimal stimulation IVF. In addition costs, risks, success rates and several treatment protocols are provided.An overview of large European, Japanese and American programs and the discussion of clinical cases will complete the coverage of the topic.This practical and easy-to-use guide is a valuable resource for all clinicians performing any kind of IVF techniques.Table of ContentsBasics.- Physiology.- Technical Aspects.- Costs, Risks, Success Rates.- Miscellaneous.- Worldwide Programs.- Case Discussions.

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Book SynopsisThis pictorial book focuses on ureter for gynaecologists. It is written by a multidisciplinary team of experts who share its experience on the study of the ureter in women, with specific attention to the injuries occurring during gynaecological surgery.Supported by a rich iconography, the authors evaluate the causes of injuries of the ureter, discuss their prevention, precise the diagnosis with the support of urological radiology. The urological management of the injury and its consequences are described in the last chapter, with many photos of laparoscopy included.This book is intended for gynaecologists, for all the surgeons specialized in the female pelvis, urologists, oncologists, general surgeons. It is also especially written for fellows, residents, and interns in University Hospitals with a limited experience of surgery of the pelvis.Table of ContentsPart I Anatomy of the ureter1 Classical anatomy.2 Generalities on the ureter3 Anatomical aspects of the ureter in laparoscopyPart II Lesions of the ureter in surgical gynecology4 Traumatic lesions of the ureter5 Causes of traumatic lesions of the ureterPart III Prevention, diagnosis and treatment of traumatic lesions of the ureter6 Prevention of traumatic lesions of the ureter during gynaecological surgery7 What to do during the operation in the event of a suspicion of ureteral lesion8 What to do after surgery in case of suspected ureteral lesion9 Treatment of the ureteral lesion10 Ureteral endometriosisTake Home Messages.

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Book SynopsisAn Evidence-Based Reference Book: A Key Resource for Decision Makers and Practitioners. Exploring the multifaceted, multidisciplinary and complex world of breastfeeding, breast milk and lactation. This book provides a factual, scientifically robust overview of the key topics written by leading experts at the heart of breastfeeding and breast milk. It aims to empower decision makers and practitioners with the knowledge required to increase promotion, protection and support for breastfeeding and the use of breast milk. This book is a compilation of evidence-based feature articles covering one of nature's most valuable resources — breast milk. Based in Zug, Switzerland, the Family Larsson-Rosenquist Foundation is an independent charitable organisation that promotes research in breast milk and lactation.Table of ContentsPart 1 Setting the Scene 1 Introduction by Peter E. Hartmann 2 Breast Milk, Global Health and Sustainable Development by Leith Greenslade 3 Data Collection on Infant Feeding by Maria Quigley 4 How BreastfeedingWorks: Anatomy and Physiology of Human Lactation by Melinda Boss, Peter E. Hartmann 5 Why Breastfeeding? by Berthold Koletzko Part 2 Different Perspectives 6 Introduction by Rafael Pérez-Escamilla 7 Human Milk: Bioactive Components and Their Effects on the Infant and Beyond by Donna Geddes, Foteini Kakulas 8 The Psychological Effects of Breastfeeding by Jennifer Hahn-Holbrook 9 Sociological and Cultural Influences upon Breastfeeding by Amy Brown 10 Breastfeeding Promotion: Politics and Policy by Ashley M. Fox 11 Human Milk in Economics Context by Subhash Pokhrel 12 Commercial Aspects of Breastfeeding: Products and Services by Rebecca Mannel 13 The Promotion of Breastfeeding by Rowena Merritt 14 Infant Feeding in History: an Outline by Maureen Minchin Part 3 Human Milk in Special Circumstances 15 Introduction by Paula P. Meier 16 Human Milk in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit by Paula P. Meier, Beverly Rossman, Tricia J. Johnson, Janet L. Engstrom, Rebecca A. Hoban, Kousiki Patra, Harold R. Bigger 17 A Collective View of Human Milk Banking by João Aprigio Guerra de Almeida, Ben Hartmann, Kiersten Israel-Ballard, Guido E. Moro 18 Pasteurisation by Lukas Christen 19 Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) by Anna Coutsoudis 20 Breastfeeding and the Use of Medications by Thomas W. Hale, Teresa Ellen Baker Part 4 The Way Forward 21 Introduction by Leith Greenslade 22 Scaling-up Breastfeeding Protection, Promotion, and Support Programmes by Rafael Pérez-Escamilla 23 Towards a Common Understanding of Human Lactation by Melinda Boss, Peter E. Hartmann Part 5 Addendum 24 Epilogue 25 List of Figures 26 List of Tables 27 Index of Authors Index

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Table of ContentsI. Estrogens.- The Mechanism of Effect of Estrogens.- The Effect of in Utero Exposure to Diethylstilbestrol.- On the Teratogenic Action of Diesthylstilbestrol and Other Exogenous Sexual Hormones.- Uterine Tumors in Nonhuman Primates After Estrogen Exposure.- Morphological Changes Induced in the Human Uterus and Fallopian Tube by Exogenous Estrogens.- Effects of Hormones on Surface Structure of Human Endometrium.- Effects of High Estrogen Doses on the Endometrium.- Retrospective Histologic Examination of Endometrium in Curetting and Hysterectomy Specimens Following Estrogen Therapy.- Cytologic Effects of Estrogen Tests on Postmenopausal Vaginal and Cervical Epithelia.- Clinical Effects of Estrogens.- II. Gestagens.- The Mechanism of Effect of Gestagens.- Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Effects of Small Doses of Norethisterone Released from Vaginal Rings Continuously During 90 Days.- Morphological Changes Induced by Exogenous Gestagens in Normal Human Endometrium.- Morphological Effects of Exogenous Gestagens on Abnormal Human Endometrium.- Differential Action of Sex Steroids on Ovary and Adrenal Cortex of Syrian Golden Hamster.- Clinical Effects of Gestagens.- III. Combined Hormones.- Morphological Changes in the Cervix and Vagina Induced by Combined Hormonal Medication.- Current Concepts in Steroid Hormone-Cell Interactions in the Uterus and Chick Oviduct.- Scanning Electron Microscopic Responses by the Endometrial Surface to Various Estrogens and Gestagens.- Morphological Studies of Structural Changes in the Tubal Mucosa of the Rabbit at Estrus and During HCG-Induced Pseudopregnancy.- Morphological Findings in the Human Ovary Under Physiologic Conditions and After Oral Contraceptive Use.- The Frequency of Spontaneous Abortion After Discontinuance of Oral Contraceptives.- Combined Exogenous Hormones and Ovarian Cancer.- Histologic Changes of the Cervix Uteri Following Contraceptive Use.- Comparative Study of Vaginal Cytology Involving Controls and Patients Receiving Oral Contraceptive Agents.- The Effect of Combination Contraceptive Steroids on the Mammary Gland.- Pathomorphology of the Female Breast Induced by Exogenous Sex Hormones.- Estrogen Receptors and Ultrastructural Pathology of Mammary Carcinoma.- Lobular Pattern of Mammary Tissue After Long-term Use of Combined Hormonal Contraceptives.- Closing Remarks.

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Book SynopsisIn vitro fertilisation (IVF) is one of several techniques available to help people with fertility problems have a baby. During IVF, an egg is removed from the woman''s ovaries and fertilised with sperm in a laboratory. The fertilised egg, called an embryo, is then returned to the woman''s womb to grow and develop.This book is a complete guide to IVF for specialists and trainees in reproductive medicine.Divided into two parts, the first sections discuss clinical aspects of IVF, including laboratory set-up, patient selection and preparation, drugs and stimulation protocols, male infertility, the operating theatre and assisted reproductive technology (ART) techniques, special situations such as endometriosis and recurrent implantation failure; and recent advances in ART.The second part of the book covers laboratory aspects, explaining the physical and practical processes of IVF including management of culture conditions, quality control, male and female gametes, embryo gradation and implantation, cryopreservation and sperm freezing, and advanced embryology.With a recognised, international team of authors, this comprehensive text is further enhanced by diagrams and figures to assist learning. Table of ContentsPART A: IVF CLINICAL ASPECTS SECTION 1: STEPPING UP IN IN VITRO FERTILIZATION SECTION 2: DRUGS AND STIMULATION PROTOCOLS IN IN VITRO FERTILIZATION SECTION 3: MALE INFERTILITY SECTION 4: IN VITRO FERTILIZATION OPERATION THEATER AND TECHNIQUES IN ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGY SECTION 5: SPECIAL SITUATIONS IN IN VITRO FERTILIZATION SECTION 6: LET'S LEARN SOMETHING DIFFERENT PART B: IVF LABORATORY ASPECTS (HANDS ON EMBRYOLOGY) SECTION 7 BUILDING UP THE CULTURE AMBIENCE SECTION 8 KNOW YOUR CULTURE CONDITIONS SECTION 9 HANDLING THE MALE GAMETE SECTION 10 THE BOSS: FEMALE GAMETE SECTION 11 OOCYTE/EMBRYO GRADATION SYSTEMS SECTION 12 OOCYTE, EMBRYO, AND IMPLANTATION SECTION 13 FROZEN LIFE SECTION 14 ADVANCED TECHNIQUES: EMBRYOLOGY ADD-ONS SECTION 15 THE EMBRYOLOGIST

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Table of ContentsSession I Nutrition and Metabolism of the Fetus.- The role of insulin and glucagon in fetal growth and metabolism.- Protein turnover rate in fetal organs: the influence of insulin.- Fetal ingestion and metabolism of amniotic fluid protein.- Some of the consequences of intrauterine growth retardation.- Discussion.- Session II Nutrition and Metabolism of the Fetus and Infant.- Umbilical uptake of substrates and their role in fetal metabolism.- The energy cost of growth estimated from simultaneous direct and indirect calorimetry in infants of less than 2500 g.- Fatty acid metabolism before and after birth.- The fatty acid composition of brown and white fat in newborn infants and the influence of the ingested fat on the fatty acid composition of their body fat.- Subcutaneous fat measurement as an indication of nutrition of the fetus and newborn.- Discussion.- Session III Nutrition of the Preterm Infant.- Body composition of the fetus and infant.- The absorption of magnesium, copper, zinc and iron by preterm infants in relation to body composition of the foetus.- Nitrogen balances and protein requirements of preterm infants.- Taurine in infant nutrition.- Discussion.- Session IV Human Milk.- Composition of human milk.- Immune factors in human milk.- The effects of pasteurisation on immune factors in human milk.- Feeding pre-term infants with raw and heat-sterilised human milk: effects on faecal flora.- Psycho-social implications of breast feeding.- Discussion.- Session V Parenteral Nutrition of the Newborn and Infant.- The intravenous and peroral requirements of amino acids during early infancy.- Studies on the requirement of amino acids in newborn infants receiving parenteral nutrition.- Brain composition of beagle puppies receiving total parenteral nutrition.- Trace elements in parenteral feeding of infants.- Discussion.- Index of subjects.

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Book SynopsisThe subject matter in this volume was derived from papers presented at the Pediatric Andrology session of the 1st Pan American Congress of Andrology held in Caracas, Venezuela in February 1979, as well as from selected additional manuscripts of interest in this field. Prior to this session, identification of a distinct discipline and specialty devoted to pediatric andrology had not occurred, nor had it been conceptualized. Pediatric andrology encompasses many different areas: disorders of sexual development, structural disease of the genital organs, normal and abnormal puberty, undescended testes, genital tumors, gonadal function and its relationship to growth, virilization, fertility and gender identity all represent areas of specific interest, to name but a few. Andrology itself is a unique field, bringing together clinicians and basic scientists with diverse back­ grounds. It should be noted that between one-half and three-quarters of the clinicians contributing to this issue conduct basic research as well. It has been this unique blend of basic research and clinical medicine which has done much to unravel many of these problems characteristic of this field.Table of Contents1. Sex differentiation of male genitalia.- 2. The fetal hormonal environment and its effect on the morphogenesis of the genital system.- 3. Stromal influence on expression of morphological and functional characteristics of urogenital epithelia.- 4. Biochemistry and biology of Müllerian Inhibiting Substance.- 5. Control of Müllerian Inhibiting Substance.- 6. Ontogeny of 5?-reductase and the androgen receptor in the penis.- 7. Studies on H-Y antigen: The genetic basis of abnormal gonadal differentiation.- 8. Abnormal sexual development: A classification with emphasis on pathology and neoplastic conditions.- 9. Male pseudohermaphroditism due to abnormal testosterone biosynthesis and metabolism.- 10. The impact of androgens on the evolution of male gender identity.- 11. Sexual differentiation of the brain.- 12. Gender identity/role (G-I/R) in male hermaphroditism.- 13. Pathogenesis of cryptorchidism.- 14. Gonadotropin therapy for the undescended testis.- 15. Congenital anomalies of the vas deferens and epididymis.- 16. Leydig cells tumor and their distinction from testicular tumors associated with congenital adrenal hyperplasia.- 17. Lower urinary tract morphology in patients with hypospadias.- 18. Micropenis: etiologic and management considerations.- Concluding remarks.

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Book SynopsisUncontrolled population growth, a significant problem for many countries, depresses real living standards in all developing areas. As a corollary, un­ controlled population growth also stresses the ability to deliver adequate reproductive health care on both national and individual levels. To focus on this and related problems an International Congress to examine many aspects of male and female Reproductive Health Center Care was held on 10-15 October 1982 in Maui, Hawaii, USA. This volume is a result of the proceedings from the 'Symposium on Male Fertility and its Regulation' which was a part of the Reproductive Health Care Congress. The organizers of this symposium recognized the need to focus male reproductive understanding on contraceptive development. The ultimate objective was and still is to produce a variety of safe and effective male contraceptives similar to that accomplished in the female. Speakers were invited to review the state of the art in several areas related to male contra­ ception, reproductive toxicity and reproductive biology. The abstracts of these sessions were published as a special issue of Archives of Andrology (Vol. 9, No.1, August, 1982). Subsequently, this volume was assembled from key papers presented at the Symposium. Additionally, invited man­ uscripts from leaders in specific areas were solicited to provide additional range to the topics covered.Table of ContentsI. Non-Hormonal Antifertility Agents.- 1 3-lndazole-carboxylic acids as male antifertility agents.- 2 Chemotherapeutic agents and male reproduction.- 3 Effects of 5-thio-D-glucose on male fertility.- II. Drugs and Male Fertility.- 4 Therapeutic drug effects on male reproductive function.- 5 Reversible male infertility induced by sulphasalazine.- 6 Effects of illicit drugs on male reproduction.- 7 Effects of abused substances on male reproductive development.- III. Gossypol.- 8 Gossypol chemistry and plant distribution.- 9 Toxicological effects of gossypol.- 10 Biochemical and nutritional considerations of gossypol intake.- 11 Gossypol contraception and mechanism of action.- 12 Gossypol inhibition of boar spermatozoal enzymes.- 13 Gossypol modulation of testosterone secretion and metabolism.- 14 Gossypol inhibition of LDH-X.- IV. Environmental Agents Affecting Fertility.- 15 Environmental chemical effects on testicular function.- 16 Consequences to the progeny of paternal drug exposure.- 17 Animal tests employed to assess the effects of drugs and chemicals on reproduction.- 18 Effects of phenoxy acid herbicides and TCDD on male reproduction.- 19Human spermatogenesis and fertility following exposure to dibromochloropropane (DBCP).- V. Hormones and Hormone Antagonists.- 20 LHRH and its analogues: potential for male contraception and for therapy of androgen- dependent syndromes.- 21 Direct regulation of Leydig cell functions by neuropeptides.- 22 Non-steroidal inhibitors of androgen transport and metabolism.- 23 Danazol plus testosterone enanthate in male langur monkey.- 24 Inhibin and male contraception.- VI. Blood-Testicular and Epididymal Barriers.- 25 The blood-epididymis barrier.- 26 The tenacity of the blood-testis and blood- epididymal barriers.- VII. Sperm Physiology.- 27 Sperm maturation and transport.- 28 Ionic mechanisms of sperm motility initiation.- 29 Reproductive effects of sperm surface antibodies.- 30 Sperm calcium homeostasis during maturation.- 31 The zona-free hamster egg sperm penetration assay.

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Book SynopsisThis volume contains a collection of papers based on presentations made at the Reproductive Health Care International Symposium held in Maui, Hawaii, USA, October 1982. The papers evaluate biologic interactions be­ tween intrauterine contraceptive devices and the host, examine the risks associated with the use of these devices and describe aspects of technical progress in the field. The contributing authors bring their knowledge and expertise from four corners of the world to the readers. The editors wish to express their appreciation to the authors for their valuable contributions, to Carolyn K. Osborn for helpful assistance in editing the manuscripts and to MTP Press for accurate preparation and fine presentation of the material. It is hoped that this volume will serve to expand knowledge and generate further interest among its readers in the dynamic and fascinating field of intrauterine contraception. April, 1984 H.M. Hasson, MD Chicago, Illinois, USA ix 1 Ultrastructure of the decidual response to a progesterone­ releasing IUD U.M. SPORNITZ. K.S. LUDWIG and M. MALL-HAEFELI INTRODUCTION The ever-increasing world-wide use of the IUD has prompted intensive research into the physiology of its contraceptive action. From these studies it has become clear that the alterations in morphology as well as in the physiological milieu produced by the IUD are manifold and differ greatly with the type of IUD used.Table of ContentsI. Biologic Interactions.- 1 Ultrastructure of the decidual response to a progesterone-releasing IUD.- 2 Effects of copper lUDs on cervical cytology and influences on transtubal sperm migration.- 3 Inflammatory changes induced by lUDs in animal models.- 4 An intracervical device releasing norgestrel.- II. Risks Associated with the Use of Intrauterine Devices.- 5 Risk factors for pelvic inflammatory disease in IUD users.- 6 IUD complications.- III. Technical Progress.- 7 Topical uterine anesthesia for IUD insertion.- 8 Ultrasonography for predicting correct location of the IUD.- 9 Ultrasonography for preventing accidental pregnancy due to IUD displacement.- 10 Uterine metrology in Mexican women.- 11 Mathematical models of lUD-uterine relations.

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Table of ContentsI. Epidemiology.- 1 Epidemiology of Induced Abortion in Japan.- 2 Epidemiology of Induced Abortion in the Middle East.- II. Methodology.- 3 Mid-trimester Abortion using Extraovular Normal Saline.- 4 Stretch-induced Abortion at Mid-trimester.- 5 Treatment of Intrauterine Fetal Death by Intracervical and Extra-amniotic PGF2?/PGE2.- 6 Extra-amniotic Prostaglandins for Second Trimester Abortion.- 7 New Prostaglandin Delivery Systems.- 8 Laminaria Treatment prior to Late Mid-trimester Abortion by Uterine Evacuation.- 9 Ethacridine (RivanolR)—catheter Technique in Second Trimester Abortion.- III. Clinical Aspects.- 10 Hemostasis in Abortion.- 11 Complications of Induced Abortion.- 12 Effects of Spontaneous and Induced Abortions on Subsequent Pregnancies and Fetal Outcome.- 13 Prophylactic Antibiotics in Induced Abortion.- IV. Psychosocial Aspects.- 14 Legal Aspects of Scientific Research on Fetuses in The Netherlands.- 15 Psychosocial Aspects of VIP in Historical Perspective: A case study of North-East Scotland.- 16 Legal Aspects of Abortion.- 17 Law and Abortion in Italy.- 18 Epilogue.

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Book SynopsisThis book contains a consensus on menopause research, a consensus reached during the First International Congress on the Menopause in June, 1976. The Congress brought together about 165 people, most of whom are engaged in research in this field, in the resort town of La Grande Motte, near Montpellier, France. It was planned so that the main emphasis would be on the exchange of information in small Workshop sessions. Workshop Chairmen were asked to present summaries of their deliberations at the closing session. It is these summaries that form the essence of this text. The Congress also included six Free Communications sessions. They are represented in this book by a small number of papers printed in full (selected from some 40 contributions in all) that in the opinion of the editors, contain data that particularly complement the Workshop summaries. All other papers are mentioned in these Pro­ ceedings by titles and by the name, affiliation and address of the first author. Organizing this Congress was a stimulating and heart-warming experience. It was done by the staff of the International Health Foundation in Brussels and Geneva, under the considerate auspices of the American Geriatric Society and the Medical Faculty of the University of Montpellier. We are deeply grateful to these two bodies.Table of ContentsSection A Consensus Reports by the Chairmen of the Workshops.- 1. The Climacteric Syndrome.- 2. Psycho-social Aspects of the Climacteric.- 3. Releasing Factors in the Menopause.- 4. Gonadotrophins in the Menopause.- 5. Prolactin and Menopause.- 6. Post-menopausal Estrogen Production.- 7. Genital Organs in the Menopause.- 8. Non-genital Target Tissues of Estrogens.- g. The Estrogen Deficiency Syndrome and the Management of the Patient.- 10. Effects and Side-effects of Estrogen Therapy.- 11. Estrogens and Bones.- 12. Lipids and Estrogens.- 13. Estrogens and Clotting Factors.- 14. Estrogens and Endometrial Cancer.- Section B Selected Papers Presented at the Congress.- 15. Cross-cultural Factors that Affect Age of Menopause.- 16. The Influence of Estrogens on the Psyche in Climacteric and Post-menopausal Women.- 17. A Double-Blind Study into the Influence of Estriol on a Number of Psychological Tests in Post-menopausal Women.- 18. The Relation Between Androstenedione and Estrone Levels in Peri- and Post-menopausal Women.- 19. Influence of the Nutritional Status upon the Response of Menopausal Women to Estrogen Therapy.- 20. Biochemical Parameters of Bone Metabolism in the Pre-, Peri- and Post-menopausal State.- 21. Effect of Long-Term Estrogen Therapy on Bone Remodelling in Women with a Natural Menopause: Cross-sectional and Longitudinal Study.- 22. The Effect of Castration and Oral Estrogen Therapy on Serum Lipids.- 23. Experience with Endometrial Irrigations in Menopausal Women.- 24. Estrogens, Progestagens and Endometrial Cancer.- 25. Results of Estrogen Treatment in One Thousand Hysterectomized Women for 14 318 Years.- Section C Free Communications: A Comprehensive List of all the Papers Presented at the Congress.- List of Participants.

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Book SynopsisThree International Congresses on the Menopause have been held during the last five years, evidence of the explosive increase in the scient­ ific study of this subject. The first, held in La Grande Motte, near Montpellier, France, inJune 1976, was designed to provide a consensus on menopause research (van Keep et al., 1976). The second, held in Jerusalem, was planned to assess the developing research (van Keep et al., 1979). The objective of the third congress, convened inJune 1981 in Ostend, Belgium, under the auspices of the International Menopause Society, was to explore areas of controversy in basic understanding and in the therapeutic advances relating to the climacteric. The workshop moderators were selected because of their acknow­ ledged leadership in menopause research, and each was invited to arrange a workshop on a specific area of interest or concern. The moderators, whilst being given a free hand as far as the selection of invited speakers was concerned, were asked to allow plenty of time for open discussion. In particular, they were encouraged to stimulate debate about controversial issues.Table of Contents1 Gonadal function in the ageing male.- 2 The pre-menopause.- 3 Sociological aspects of mid-life.- 4 Some biochemical consequences of post-menopausal hormone replacement treatment.- 5 Psycho-sexual aspects of mid-life.- 6 The breast.- 7 Neuroendocrine changes in the peri-menopause.- 8 Hysterectomy.- 9 Androgens in post-menopausal women.- 10 The peri-menopause at the cellular level.- 11 Osteoporosis.- 12 Potency and hepato-cellular effects of oestrogens after oral, percutaneous, and subcutaneous administration.- 13 Progestins in the perl-menopause.- 14 Epidemiologic aspects of the benefits and risks of oestrogen therapy.- 15 Menopause clinics: purpose, function, and international comparisons.- Other communications.- Free communications.- Posters.

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Book SynopsisThe need to improve maternal and child health care may be the most important global health need of the remaining years of the twentieth century. It is central to the World Health Organization's (WHO) goal of Health for All by the Year 2000. The vast majority of births occur in developing countries, where maternity care is often rudimentary. The rates of maternal and infant morbidity and death for these countries are extremely high but much of the morbidity and death is preventable, even with the limited resources available for health care in many parts of the world. The resources devoted to maternal and child care should be greatly expanded, but even the most hopeful projections will leave a wide gap between human needs and available services. WHO estimates that two billion deliveries in the remaining two decades of this century will not be attended by a trained person. At a minimum, it is probable that two million of these women will die in childbirth. There were approximately 130 million births in the world in 1980.Table of ContentsSection I: High-Risk Pregnancy.- 1 Childbearing after age 35: Its effect on early perinatal outcomes.- 2 Development of an index of high-risk pregnancy.- 3 Improving obstetric care by training traditional birth attendants, Fortaleza, Brazil.- Section II: Cesarean Delivery.- 4 Cesarean delivery in selected Latin American hospitals.- 5 Deliveries after cesarean birth in two Asian university hospitals.- 6 Management of breech presentations: vaginal or abdominal delivery?.- Section III: Birth Spacing: Determinants and Consequences.- 7 Child survivorship and pregnancy spacing in Iran.- 8 Infant and child survival and contraceptive use in the closed pregnancy interval.- 9 The effect of birth interval on perinatal survival and birth weight.- Section IV: Family Planning Services in the Maternity Hospital.- 10 Desire for additional children and contraceptive plans.- 11 Postpartum sterilization in Sao Paulo State, Brazil.- 12 Access to sterilization in two hospitals in Honduras.

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Book Synopsisth th st . On December 19 ,20 and 21 1979, we had the opportunlty to organize a Workshop on "Antenatal factors affecting meta­ bolic adaptation to extrauterine life - Role of carbohydra­ tes and energy metabolism". This meeting was made possible thanks to grants from the Committee of Medical Research and Public Health (CRM) of the Commission of European Communi­ ties. We want to express our warmst gratitude for the effort that has been made and we hope that the exchange of information between the participants will allow better understanding of the mechanism of adaptation to extrauterine life and that the conclusions drawn will contribute to a better care of the newborn. Adaptation to extrauterine life is one of the most impor­ tant steps in life. At the moment of birth, numerous conditions are drastically changed and in order to survive the newborn has to rely upon new sources of energy and of substrates. This switch over has to occur smoothly and any adaptation failure will result in the disturbance of impor­ tant metabolic functions. Mortality and morbidity in neo­ natal period remain still very high in comparison with the figures observed later in life; the reduction of mortality has been much more important in child and adult than in neonates.Table of ContentsSession I : Carbohydrate Utilization in the Newborn.- The metabolism of glycogen in the liver of foetal and new-born rats.- Hormonal control of fetal liver glycogen metabolism.- Extrahepatic glycogen stores and their role in homeostasis.- Factors regulating blood glucose in the fetus and in the newborn.- Glucose turnover in the newborn rat.- Factors affecting intra uterine glycogen storage.- Factors affecting glucose metabolism in the newborn rat.- Carbohydrate metabolism in intrauterine growth retardation.- Discussion: Britton, Jones, Minkowski, Hull, Milner.- Session II : Energy Expenditure.- Caloric needs of the newborn..- Variations in the rate of oxygen consumption of newborn human infants.- Energy requirements for growth in the neonate.- The role of oleic acid as a substitute for glucose in brain cell cultures of neonatal mice.- Discussion: Britton, Hull, Girard, Bossi, Helge, Verellen, Minkowski.- Session III: Regulation of Insulin and Glucagon Secretion.- Insulin secretion and metabolism in the rat fetus during late gestation.- Glucagon secretion during the perinatal period.- Plasma insulin and glucagon in well-oxygenated and hypoxic fetal lambs.- Effects of insulin and glucagon on the mother and in the fetus.- Plasma corticosteroids in normal, premature and “small-for-dates” newborn infants throughout the neonatal period.- Somatomedin A activity in newborns.- Session IV: Practical Implications and General Discussion.- Effect of maternal diabetes on glucose regulation in the newborn.- Oral feeding recommendations in full-term and premature newborns.- Discussion: Eggermont, Salle, Teller, Shelley, De Meyer, Van Assche, Senterre, Verellen.- Summary, general discussion and some matters of thinking.

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Book SynopsisThis book addresses the essential topic of child survival in Tanzania, especially focusing on the role of mutual assistance, which has received little attention to date. Further, it identifies a range of key factors for child survival by combining a literature review, regional data analysis, and case studies. These studies center on rural villages in high Under-5 mortality rate (U5MR) regions and assess their strengths and weaknesses regarding child survival. By focusing on deprived rural areas as of 2002 and evaluating the improvements in the 2012 census data, the book also highlights the potential held by rural semi -subsistence economies. An analysis of the focus villages indicates that children in food-sharing circles had better chances of survival. However, food sharing is not necessarily inclusive; a significant number of children have fallen out of such circles, especially in mainland villages. Furthermore, monetary support for children’s medicine has often failed to arrive in time. Lastly, the book argues that, in addition to direct factors such as access to health services, water and sanitation, food intake, and education, it is essential that children receive inclusive support at various levels: family, community, village, national, and international.Table of Contents

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Book SynopsisThis book systematically covers MRI imaging findings of a spectrum of gynaecological diseases, including ovarian cysts, uterine fibroids, cervical cancer, and endometrial cancer, etc. All chapters are arranged in the same format: simply clinical history is firstly presented in order to help readers mimic the real clinical scenario, and then untypical features in many common diseases and typical features in many uncommon diseases are interpreted. In the end of each chapter, tips in differential diagnosis were summarized by analysing a class of cases with similar imaging performance. All cases in the book have the detailed pathological results, and the pathological specimens are also shown in some cases. It will be an ideal reference for physicians involved in the diagnosis and treatment of gynaecological diseases.Table of ContentsMagnetic Resonance Examination of Female Pelvis.- Uterine Fibroids.- Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma.- Endometrial Carcinosarcoma.- Endometrial Adenosarcoma.- Leiomyosarcoma of Uterus.- Uterine Lymphoma.- Cervical Cancer.- Endometrial Carcinoma.- Vulvar and Vaginal Cancer.- Leiomyoma of Vulva.- Ovarian Serous Cystadenoma.- Ovarian Mucinous Cystadenoma.- Ovarian Transitional Cell Tumor.- Ovarian Fibroma.- Struma Ovarii.- Ovarian Thecoma.- Ovarian Sclerosing Stromal Tumor.- Ovarian Endometrioid Cyst.- Ovarian Serous Adenocarcinoma.- Ovarian Mucinous Adenocarcinoma.- Ovarian Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma.- Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinoma.- Ovarian Dysgerminoma.- Ovarian Granulosa Cell Tumors.- Recurrent Ovarian Granulosa Cell Tumor.- Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor.- Ovarian Yolk Sac Tumor.- Ovarian Lymphoma.- Ovarian Carcinoma.- Ovarian Immature Teratoma.- Borderline Epithelial Tumor of the Ovary.- Sermucinous Borderline Tumor Derived from Endometriosis.- Hydatidiform Mole.- Invasive Hydatidiform Mole.- Choriocarcinoma.- Ovarian Metastatic Cancer.- Pseudomyxoma Peritonei.- Interventional Treatment of Uterine Fibroids.- Interventional Treatment of Adenomyosis.- Gynaecological Disease in Young Women.- Pelvic Suppurative Inflammation.- Pelvic Tuberculosis.- Hydrosalpinx.- Cervical Tubular Lobular Hyperplasia.- Rectosigmoid Endometriosis.- Cesarean Scar Pregnancy.- Angular Pregnancy.- Pelvic Floor Disfunction.

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Book SynopsisDer Einsatz moderner diagnostischer Verfahren in der Gynäkologie vermittelt neben dem ärztlichen Gespräch (Anamnese) und der klinischen Untersuchung (Status praesens) ein umfassendes Bild über die Beschwerden. Allein durch Anamnese und Status praesens können 60-80% der Diagnosen gestellt werden. Eine Hypothese kann gezielt und kostensparend durch Techniken bestätigt oder verworfen werden; überflüssige Diagnostik bleibt vermeidbar. Ziel dieses Buches ist es, Vergessenes und Neues zur Anamnese und Befunderhebung zu vermitteln, Grenzen aufzuzeigen und zu verdeutlichen, wann weiterführende Untersuchungstechniken effektiv und nutzbringend einzusetzen sind. Die Gynäkologische Untersuchung basiert auf der jahrzehntelangen klinischen Erfahrung des Autors. Das Buch eignet sich durch den Praxisbezug hervorragend zum Selbststudium sowie für den praktischen Unterricht an Universitäten.

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Book SynopsisThe Final FRCA Viva is the last postgraduate examination many trainees will ever take. Preparation is invaluable not only to pass the exam, but also to feel ready to take the next steps to becoming a senior registrar. This book provides short, succinct clinical cases that are mapped to the RCoA curriculum and are suitable for use when teaching or as a viva revision guide. Using this guide will ensure that FRCA exam questions can be answered correctly and confidently. It is suitable primarily for candidates preparing for the Final FRCA, but also helpful for those preparing for Primary FRCA, FFICM and EDIC, as well as for those running teaching courses and simulation programmes.Table of ContentsForeword. Preface. Acknowledgments. Abbreviations. Author. Neurosurgery, Neuroradiology and Neurocritical Care. Cardiothoracic Surgery. Airway Management. Critical Incidents. Day Surgery. General, Urological and Gynaecological Surgery. Head, Neck, Maxillo-Facial and Dental Surgery. Management of Respiratory and Cardiac Arrest. Non-theatre. Orthopaedic Surgery. Perioperative Medicine. Regional Anaesthesia. Sedation. Trauma and Stabilisation. Intensive Care Medicine. Obstetrics. Paediatrics. Pain Medicine. Ophthalmic. Plastics and Burns. Vascular Surgery. Index.

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