Geology, geomorphology and the lithosphere Books

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"All in all though, this encyclopedia – now updated to its 3rd Edition – covers a tremendous breadth of cave and cave-related material. It must represent the fruits of stupendous efforts, and doubtlessly it has resulted in a major contribution to cave literature."--Cave and Karst ScienceTable of ContentsA: Adaptation to low food; Adaptations: Low oxygen; Adaptation to darkness; Adaptations: Behavioral;Adaptation: Morphological; Adaptation and natural selection in caves; Adaptive shifts; Anchihaline (Anchialine) caves and fauna; Ancient cavers in Eastern North America; Art in European caves; Asellus aquaticus: A model system for historical biogeography; Astyanax mexicanus: A vertebrate model for evolution, adaptation, and development in caves B: Bats; Beetles; Biodiversity patterns in Australia; Biodiversity: China; Biodiversity in Europe; Biodiversity in the United States and Canada; Biodiversity in South America; Breakdown; Burnsville Cove, Virginia C: Camps; Castleguard Cave, Canada; Cave dwellers in Southwest Asia; Cave ecosystems; Cavefishes; Cavefish of China; Definition of cave; Caver communities and organizations: Cultural and historical considerations; Chemolithoautotrophy; Clastic sediments in caves; Closed depressions in karst areas; Coastal caves; Collembola; Contamination of cave waters by heavy metals; Contamination of cave waters by nonaqueous-phase liquids; Crustacea; Dating cave sediments with cosmogenic nuclides D: Dating cave sediments with cosmogenic nuclides; Dinaric karst—Geography and geology; Biodiversity in the tropics; Documentation and databases E: Ecological and evolutionary classifications of subterranean organisms; Entrances; Environmental DNA as a conservation tool; Epikarst; Epikarst communities; Exploration of caves—General; Exploration of caves: Underwater exploration; Exploration of caves—Vertical caving techniques F: Folklore, myth, and legend, caves in; Food sources; The Frasassi Caves, Italy; Friars Hole System G: Gammarus minus: A model system for the study of adaptation to the cave environment; Geophysics for locating karst and caves; Glacier caves; Guano communities; Gypsum caves; Gypsum flowers and related speleothems H: Hang Son Doong and other caves of the Phong Nha-K? Ba`ng karst, Qu?ng Bi`nh Province, Vietnam; Helictites and related speleothems; History: Caves and other underground spaces in medieval Britain and Ireland; Huautla cave system (Sistema Huautla), Mexico; Hydrogeology of Karst aquifers; Hydrothermal caves I: Ice in caves; Iron formation caves: Genesis and ecology; Isotopes in karst waters and cave sediments J: Jewel cave, South Dakota K: Karren, cave; Karren, surface; Karst; Kazumura Cave, Hawaii; Krubera (Voronja) cave L: Lampenflora; Lechuguilla Cave, New Mexico; Life histories M: Magnetism of cave sediments; Mammals and birds—vertebrate visitors; Mammoth Cave System, Kentucky; Mapping subterranean biodiversity; Maya caves; Microbes; Minerals in caves; Modeling of karst aquifers; Modeling the evolution of karst aquifers; Molluscs; Mulu caves, Malaysia; Myriapods N: Niphargus—A model system for evolution and ecology; Nitrate contamination in karst groundwater; Nullarbor Caves, Australia O: The Omega Cave System; Orthoptera P: Paleoclimate records from speleothems; Paleontology of caves; Passage growth and development; Postojna—Planina Cave System, Slovenia; Protecting cave life; Protecting caves; Pseudokarst Q: Quartzite and quartz sandstone caves of South America R: Recreational caving S: Salamanders; Saltpeter mining; Scallops; Shallow subterranean habitats; Show caves; Siebenhengste cave system, Switzerland; Sinkholes; Solution caves in regions of high-relief; Solution caves in regions of moderate relief; Species interactions; Speleogenesis—Hypogen?; Speleogenesis: Telogenetic; Speleothem deposition; Speleothems; Spiders and related groups; Springs; Stalactites and stalagmites; Submarine springs in coastal karst; Sulfuric acid caves; Surveying caves T: Tiankeng, Definition of; Time markers in landscape evolution, caves as U: Ukraine giant gypsum caves; Underwater Caves of the Yucatan Peninsula; Uranium series dating of speleothems V: Vicariance and dispersal in caves; Vjetrenica Cave, Bosnia and Herzegovina; Volcanic rock caves W: Wakulla spring underwater cave system, Florida; Water chemistry in caves; Water tracing in karst aquifers; Wetlands in cave and karst regions; White-nose syndrome: A fungal disease of North American hibernating bats; Worms X: Xe Bang Fai Cave, Laos

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Book SynopsisTable of Contents1. Proterozoic orogens: introduction 2. Proterozoic orogens of Indian shield 3. Proterozoic orogens of Sri Lanka 4. Proterozoic orogens of Southern Africa 5. East Antarctica 6. Proterozoic orogens of Western Australia

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Book SynopsisTable of Contents1. Global levels of volcanic hazards and risks 2. Seismic methods in volcano studies 3. Volcano geodesy 4. Geochemical methods and results in understanding deep volcanic systems and dynamics 5. Petrological methods and volcanic reconstructions aimed at understanding deep volcanic systems and dynamics 6. Numerical methods and results in understanding deep volcanic systems and dynamics 7. Unrest dynamics at Campi Flegrei 8. Unrest dynamics at Long Valley and Yellowstone 9. Laboratory determination of magma properties and processes 10. Volcano monitoring into the future: Krafla Magma Testbed 11. Materials basis of volcanic dynamics 12. Numerical models of magma ascent and eruption dynamics 13. Modelling / inter-comparison for ash dispersal and related hazards 14. Multi-parametric measurements and dynamics of explosive basaltic eruptions 15. Dynamics and impacts of basaltic eruptions in Iceland 16. Dynamics and impacts of basaltic eruptions at Mt. Etna 17. Volcanic hazards and risks in Chile 18. Volcanic hazards and risks in Ecuador 19. Volcanic hazards and risks in the Philippines 20. Volcanic hazards and risks in Indonesia 21. Volcanic hazards mapping in East Asia: the G-EVER approach 22. Hazards and risks from volcanic lakes 23. Remote sensing methods to monitor volcanic hazards and impact 24. Advances in mapping volcanic hazards 25. Building acceptable risk into hazard mapping 26. Crisis operations within volcano observatories 27. Volcanic hazard communications to civil authorities 28. Volcanic hazard communications to the media and the society 29. Raising awareness of populations living under volcanic risks 30. Quantifying volcanic risks 31. Improving resilience from volcanic eruptions 32. Volcanic emergency planning. 1. Vesuvius and Campi Flegrei 33. Volcanic emergency planning. 2. Yellowstone / Long Valley 34. Volcanic emergency planning. 3. Oakland, New Zealand 35. Volcanic emergency planning. 4. Sakurajima

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Book SynopsisAn integrated treatment of the principal fields of classical and applied geosciences of Central America, this authoritative two-volume monograph treats the region as a whole, exploring geology, earth resources and geo-hazards across political boundaries. It reviews the published literature, and supplements it with an abundance of information from ongoing investigations and internal reports.The compendium is a result of four years' collaborative work by the editors and more than ninety experts from eighteen countries. It is aimed at professionals, academics and students in the fields of geology, geography, biology, and engineering at the local, regional and international level. In a region which is rich in geological resources and where natural disasters are frequent, the monograph is a solid base for local and international institutions concerned with land-use, infrastructure, water and energy resources, and mining, as well as with hazard reduction and disaster prevention.

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Book SynopsisBy 2050, the demand for water to sustain world agriculture will increase by seventy-five per cent in order to feed an estimated nine billion inhabitants. Increased amounts of water will be required for irrigation and for industrial and domestic use. Natural ecosystems will be threatened by the expansion of agricultural land and by a reduction in water availability, while climate change will exacerbate the situation. Management of available resources, particularly groundwater, will become more critical and aquifers will need to be managed for the benefit of all. These selected papers were first presented at the International Association of Hydrogeologists, Dijon 2006, and are divided into six themes: large aquifers, resource assessment; large aquifers, water salinity and evolution; karstic and carbonate aquifer systems; geothermal aquifer systems; aquifer contamination studies and aquifer monitoring systems and management. The volume also includes a short biography oTable of ContentsPart 1: A Tribute to Henry Darcy’s Legacy Part 2: The Measure of Permeability Part 3: Complex Hydrogeological Systems 1. Large Aquifers, Assessment of the Resource 2. Large Aquifers, Water Salinity and its Evolution with Exploitation 3. Karstic and Carbonate Aquifer Systems 4. Geothermal Aquifer Systems 5. Aquifer Contamination Studies 6. Aquifer Monitoring Systems and Management Rules

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Book Synopsis1: The Main Tsunamigenic Zones in the Mediterranean Sea.- 2: Characteristics of the Source of Tsunami Generation and Description of Tsunami. ANCIENT TSUNAMIS.- 3: Characteristics of the Source of Tsunami Generation and Description of Tsunami. 1st16th CENTURIES.- 4: Characteristics of the Source of Tsunami Generation and Description of Tsunami. 17th18th CENTURIES.- 5: Characteristics of the Source of Tsunami Generation and Description of Tsunami. 19th CENTURY.- 6: Characteristics of the Source of Tsunami Generation and Description of Tsunami. 20th CENTURY.- 7: Study of Tsunamis in Greece and Italy at the Turn of the Millenium.- Appendix 1: Main parameters of tsunamis in the Mediterranean Sea.- Appendix 2: List of tsunamigenic events in the Mediterranean Sea.- Appendix 3: Equivalents of the International System Units to units of other countries and to extra-system units.- References.- Index of Geographic Names.Table of ContentsPreface. Introduction. Structure of the Catalogue. 1. The Main Tsunamigenic Zones in the Mediterranean Sea. 2. Characteristics of the Source of Tsunami Generation and Description of Tsunami. Ancient Tsunamis. 3. Characteristics of the Source of Tsunami Generation and Description of Tsunami. 1st - 16th Centuries. 4. Characteristics of the Source of Tsunami Generation and Description of Tsunami. 17th - 18th Centuries. 5. Characteristics of the Source of Tsunami Generation and Description of Tsunami. 19th Century. 6. Characteristics of the Source of Tsunami Generation and Description of Tsunami. 20th Century. 7. Study of Tsunamis in Greece and Italy at the Turn of the Millennium. Appendices. References. Index of Geographic Names.

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Book SynopsisThe history of mining is replete with controversy of which much is related to environmental damage and consequent community outrage. Over recent decades, this has led to increased pressure to improve the environmental and social performance of mining operations, particularly in developing countries. The industry has responded by embracing the ideals of sustainability and corporate social responsibility. Mining and the Environment identifies and discusses the wide range of social and environmental issues pertaining to mining, with particular reference to mining in developing countries, from where many of the project examples and case studies have been selected. Following an introductory overview of pressing issues, the book illustrates how environmental and social impact assessment, such as defined in The Equator Principles, integrates with the mining lifecycle and how environmental and social management aims to eliminate the negative and accentuate theTable of ContentsMinerals, Wealth, and Progress. Environmental and Social Impact Assessment - Protection Before Exploitation. Health Impact Assessment. Involving the Public - Forging Partnerships and Trust. The Anatomy of a Mine. Mining Methods Vary Widely - From Excavation to In-situ Leaching. Converting Minerals to Metals - From Ore to Finished Product. Our Environment - A Set of Natural and Man-made Features. The Baseline - Understanding the Host Environment. Identifying and Evaluating Impacts - Linking Cause and Effect. Cumulative and Transboundary Impact Assessment. Emphasizing Environmental and Social Management and Monitoring - Managing What Matters. Metals, Their Biological Functions and Harmful Impacts - Metals are Naturally Occurring Elements. Coal - Its Use as Fuel, and Greenhouse Gas Emissions. Was the Environmental Assessment Adequate? Identifying Issues, Finding Solutions. The Range of Environmental and Social Concerns - Separating Fact From Fantasy. Land Acquisition and Resettlement - When Property and Development Rights Collide. Community Development - Ensuring Long Term Benefits. Indigenous Peoples Issues - Respecting the Differences. Gender in the Mining Industry. Biodiversity and Conservation. Acid Rock Drainage - The Unseen Legacy. Tailings Disposal - Concepts and Practices. Approaches to Waste Rock Disposal - Issues and Risks. Erosion - The Perpetual Disruptive Forces of Water and Wind. Mine Closure - It is not Over When it is Over. Looking Ahead.

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Book SynopsisKarstified rocks of different lithology cover more than 10% of the continental surface of our planet. It is known that some 20% or even a few percent more of the global population largely depends on karstic groundwater but in many karst areas all over the world there are limited natural resources including absence of drinking waters. The problems of water shortage, equitable water use or water protection from pollution, become more problematic when they come to transboundary regions. The Dinaric region is a classical karst area where created borders of newly established countries after the civil war in 1990s resulted with an urgent need to create ambience for sustainable water management. The project DIKTAS is one of the first ever attempts to establish sustainable integrated management principles in a transboundary karst aquifer of the magnitude of the Dinaric Karst System. This volume presents selected papers from the conference held in June 2014 in Trebinje, Bosnia & Herzegovina Trade Review"I have found previous volumes on karst hydrogeology published by the International Association of Hydrogeologists(IAH) to be excellent texts, and Karst without Boundaries (…) is no exception.Those who gravitate toward water resource management, policy, and more holistic karst studies will certainly find value in this volume. I found the greatest benefit of this book to be that it provides insight into different approaches for the assessment of a complete regional karst aquifer system, rather than simply site-specific studies."Dr. Daniel H. Doctor in Groundwater vol. 55 (1), January-February 2017.Table of ContentsPreface PART I: Management of transboundary karst aquifers 1 Dinaric Karst Aquifer2 How confident are we about the definition of boundaries in karst? 3 WOKAM – The world karst aquifer mapping project 4 Groundwater flow in the Orontes River basin and the Syria–Lebanon water sharing agreement 5 Hungarian-Slovakian transboundary karstic groundwater management under the scope of enwat and transenergy EU projects 6 Development and protection of transboundary karst and karst aquifers in West Stara Planina Mountains (Bulgaria–Serbia) 7 An assessment of territory participation in transboundary karst aquifer rechargePART 2: Karst aquifer characterization and monitoring 8 Optimal water management9 Spring hydrograph recession10 Characterization of selected karst springs in Slovenia by means of a time series analysis 11 Characterization of the influence of evaporite rocks on the hydrochemistry of carbonate aquifers 12 3D Spatial modelling of karst channels 13 A field work oriented approach for complex karst aquifer characterisation 14 Scale-dependent evaluation of an unconfined carbonate system15 Characterization of karst system using modelling of rainfall-discharge relationshipPART 3: The water flow in karst: From vadose to discharge zone 16 Recharge processes of karst massifs in southern Italy 17 Water balance analysis of a vadose stream to discern hillslope hydrology in bare karst area (South West China) 18 Hydraulic behavior of a subthermal karst spring19 Delineation of the Plitvice Lakes karst catchment area PART 4: Engineering, sustainable use and protection of water in karst 20 Creating environmental impact indicators in dynamic karst system 21 Hydrogeological settings for underground dam construction 22 3D Conduit modelling of leakage below a dam situated in highly karstified rocks 23 Reactivation of karst springs after regional mine dewatering

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Book SynopsisWeak rocks encountered in open pit mines cover a wide variety of materials, with properties ranging between soil and rock. As such, they can provide a significant challenge for the slope designer. For these materials, the mass strength can be the primary control in the design of the pit slopes, although structures can also play an important role. Because of the typically weak nature of the materials, groundwater and surface water can also have a controlling influence on stability.Guidelines for Open Pit Slope Design in Weak Rocks is a companion to Guidelines for Open Pit Slope Design, which was published in 2009 and dealt primarily with strong rocks. Both books were commissioned under the Large Open Pit (LOP) project, which is sponsored by major mining companies. These books provide summaries of the current state of practice for the design, implementation and assessment of slopes in open pits, with a view to meeting the requirements of safety, as well as the recTable of ContentsPreface Introduction Field Data Collections Weak Rocks Strength Models The Role of Water in Slope Design for Weak Rocks Slope Design Considerations Cemented Sediments Weak Sedimentary Mudrocks Weak Sedimentary Coal, Chalk and Limestone Saprolite – Residual Soil and Weathered Rock Soft iron ores and other leached rocks Hydrothermally Altered Rock Design Implementation and Operational Considerations ReferencesIndex

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Book SynopsisOil exploration requires proper understanding of the geological set-up of any area to make the process economical and effective. This involves geological, geophysical, geochemical surveys including studying the lateral variations in litho-stratigraphic units in the adjoining areas surrounding the bore-hole, done through study of Dipmeter logs. This book Dipmeter Surveys in Petroleum Exploration' giving all the required backup of the other allied subjects for easy and meaningful interpretations of the Dipmeter data, so that drilling of dry wells is avoided to maximum possible extent and new discoveries to be made, thereby enhancing the oil resource of a particular geographical location. Table of ContentsDipmeter surveys. Dip Computation. Structural interpretation. Folds sedimentary. Faults. Fractures. Unconformity. Texture of the rocks. Sedimentary rock-structures. Stratigraphic interpretation. Fluvial system. Deltas. Inter-Deltaic environments. Carbonate sediments, Reefs and other buried topography. Continental shelf sands. Deep water deposition. Dip Scatter as an environmental indicator. Pre-requisites and rules for interpretation of DipMeter data. Practical examples. References and bibliography.

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Book SynopsisAdvanced imaging spectral technology and hyperspectral analysis techniques for multiple applications are the key features of the book. This book will present in one volume complete solutions from concepts, fundamentals, and methods of acquisition of hyperspectral data to analyses and applications of the data in a very coherent manner. It will help readers to fully understand basic theories of HRS, how to utilize various field spectrometers and bioinstruments, the importance of radiometric correction and atmospheric correction, the use of analysis, tools and software, and determine what to do with HRS technology and data. Trade Review"Hyperspectral Remote Sensing: Fundamentals and Practices is an excellent resource for both research and classroom needs. Concepts and applications are presented clearly and in a user-friendly fashion. The book is an innovative tool for environmental science practitioners interested in getting up-to-date on remote sensing techniques. The hyperspectral sections, especially, provide excellent content both in theory and applications. This is and will be a wonderful resource for the current generation of remote sensing scientists and students." — Arturo Sanchez-Azofeifa, University of Alberta, Canada"This masterful book provides a comprehensive and much-needed overview of hyperspectral remote sensing and imaging spectroscopy. Covering all aspects of the field, including characteristics of field, aerial and satellite borne sensors, the pre-processing and analysis of hyperspectral data, available software packages, and a wide array of applications, this book will be the key reference for students and those working in the field. The engaging style, detailed theoretical background, and numerous practical insights offer an unparalleled treatment of the subject." — Timothy Warner, West Virginia University, USA"The quantitative retrieval of biophysical properties of the earth’s surface from remote sensing has become a reality over the past twenty years, largely because of the synergistic development of hyperspectral sensors and detailed physical models of the interaction of electromagnetic radiation for a range of earth surface classes. Implicit in these successes is an in-depth understanding of the corrections to be applied to the sensor data and the specific analysis approaches for each surface type, suited to the available spectral detail. Ruiliang Pu’s comprehensive and timely book reflects the author’s intimate experience with all aspects of hyperspectral remote sensing, including applications --- an invaluable work for students and professionals alike!"—John R. Miller, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"This book provides a comprehensive and timely overview on all aspects of hyperspectral remote sensing combined with various applications. As such, it is an excellent book of reference for both students and professionals active in the field of optical remote sensing. It deals with all aspects of retrieving quantitative information on biophysical properties of the Earth’s surface, the data corrections needed and the range of analysis approaches available." —International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, January 2018"Hyperspectral Remote Sensing: Fundamentals and Practices book is likely to prove valuable to upperclassmen, graduate students, and practitioners. It covers the field in depth and draws heavily on extensive literature."—Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing, September 2018"Hyperspectral Remote Sensing: Fundamentals and Practices is an excellent resource for both research and classroom needs. Concepts and applications are presented clearly and in a user-friendly fashion. The book is an innovative tool for environmental science practitioners interested in getting up-to-date on remote sensing techniques. The hyperspectral sections, especially, provide excellent content both in theory and applications. This is and will be a wonderful resource for the current generation of remote sensing scientists and students." — Arturo Sanchez-Azofeifa, University of Alberta, Canada"This masterful book provides a comprehensive and much-needed overview of hyperspectral remote sensing and imaging spectroscopy. Covering all aspects of the field, including characteristics of field, aerial and satellite borne sensors, the pre-processing and analysis of hyperspectral data, available software packages, and a wide array of applications, this book will be the key reference for students and those working in the field. The engaging style, detailed theoretical background, and numerous practical insights offer an unparalleled treatment of the subject." — Timothy Warner, West Virginia University, USA"The quantitative retrieval of biophysical properties of the earth’s surface from remote sensing has become a reality over the past twenty years, largely because of the synergistic development of hyperspectral sensors and detailed physical models of the interaction of electromagnetic radiation for a range of earth surface classes. Implicit in these successes is an in-depth understanding of the corrections to be applied to the sensor data and the specific analysis approaches for each surface type, suited to the available spectral detail. Ruiliang Pu’s comprehensive and timely book reflects the author’s intimate experience with all aspects of hyperspectral remote sensing, including applications --- an invaluable work for students and professionals alike!"—John R. Miller, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"This book provides a comprehensive and timely overview on all aspects of hyperspectral remote sensing combined with various applications. As such, it is an excellent book of reference for both students and professionals active in the field of optical remote sensing. It deals with all aspects of retrieving quantitative information on biophysical properties of the Earth’s surface, the data corrections needed and the range of analysis approaches available." —International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, January 2018"Hyperspectral Remote Sensing: Fundamentals and Practices book is likely to prove valuable to upperclassmen, graduate students, and practitioners. It covers the field in depth and draws heavily on extensive literature."—Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing, September 2018Table of ContentsOverview of Hyperspectral Remote Sensing. Field Spectrometers and Plant Biology Instruments for HRS. Imaging Spectrometers, Sensors, Systems, and Missions. Hyperspectral Image Radiometric Correction. Hyperspectral Data Analysis Techniques. Hyperspectral Data Processing Software. Hyperspectral Applications in Geology and Soil Sciences. Hyperspectral Applications to Vegetation. Hyperspectral Applications to Environments.

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