Geology, geomorphology and the lithosphere Books
University of Washington Press Stories in Stone
Book SynopsisTrade Review"Williams’s lively mixture of hard science and piquant lore is sure to fire readers’ curiosity about the built environment around us." * Publishers Weekly *"Each line of inquiry coaxes out some expressive scientific, emotional or philosophical nugget from a piece of travertine, slate or, in one Pop Art extravaganza, a gas station made of petrified wood. Makes stone sing." * Kirkus Reviews *"Stories in Stone is chock full of fascinating geologic tidbits . . . [but] how the geology is intercalated with the architectural and engineering aspects of building stone is really what this book is about and why it is a good read." * WIRED *"Williams’ record of human dreams worked in stone is as richly textured and full of life's imprints as a fossil-rich piece of travertine." * Booklist *"From a kitschy gas station in Lamar, Colorado, contructed of petrified wood, to the working quarries where Michaelangelo cut slabs for David, Moses, and the Pieta, Williams is a knowledgable and enthusiastic guide. . . . Stories in Stone invites readers to ground their intuitive sense on the bedrock of geologic knowledge." * Natural History Magazine *
£17.99
Yale University Press Geoarchaeology
Book SynopsisConsidering the history and theory of geoarchaeology, this book discusses soils and environmental interpretations; initial context and site formation; methods of discovery and spatial analyses; estimating time; and others. It is for all professionals and students interested in the field of geoarchaeology.Trade Review"Probably the most comprehensive treatise on geoarchaeology yet written."—Vance Haynes, University of Arizona -- Vance Haynes"Rapp and Hill provide the single most comprehensive guide to basic principles in the field of Geoarchaeology. The text is an essential resource for teaching earth science applications to undergraduate archaeologists."—Andrea Freeman, University of Calgary -- Andrea Freeman
£40.38
National Academies Press The Role of Fluids in Crustal Processes
Book SynopsisWater and other fluids play a vital role in the processes that shape the earth's crust, possibly even influencing earthquakes and volcanism. Fluids affect the movement of chemicals and heat in the crust, and they are the major factor in the formation of hydrothermal ore deposits. Yet, fluids have been overlooked in many geologic investigations. The Role of Fluids in Crustal Processes addresses this lack of attention with a survey of what experts know about the role of fluids in the Earth's crustand what future research can reveal. The overview discusses factors that affect fluid movement and the coupled equations that represent energy and mass transport processes, chemical reactions, and the relation of fluids to stress distribution. Table of ContentsFront MatterOverview and Recommendations1. Mass and Energy Transport in a Deforming Earth's Crust2. Pore Fluid Pressure Near Magma Chambers3. Evolution and Style of Fracture Permeability in Intrusion-Centered Hydrothermal Systems
£46.80
Transportation Research Board National Research Rockfall
Book Synopsis
£128.17
St. Martins Press-3pl MELTING WORLD
Book Synopsis
£22.79
Little, Brown & Company The Heat Will Kill You First
Book SynopsisINSTANT NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER SELECTED AS ONE OF THE BEST BOOKS OF THE YEAR BY NPR, THE LOS ANGELES TIMES, AND THE ECONOMIST FINALIST FOR THE L.A. TIMES BOOK PRIZE, THE NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY’S HELEN BERNSTEIN AWARD FOR EXCELLENCE IN JOURNALISM, AND THE PEN/E.O. WILSON AWARD FOR LITERARY SCIENCE WRITING.New York Times best-selling journalist Jeff Goodell presents a 'masterful, bracing' (David Wallace-Wells) examination of the impact that temperature rise will have on our lives and on our planet, offering a vital new perspective on where we are headed, how we can prepare, and what is at stake if we fail to act. “When heat comes, it’s invisible. It doesn’t bend tree branches or blow hair across your face to let you know it’s arrived…. The sun feels like the barrel of a gun pointed at you.” The world is waking up to a new reality: wildfires are now seasonal in California, the Northeast is getting less and less snow each winter, and the ice sheets in the Arctic and Antarctica are melting fast. Heat is the first order threat that drives all other impacts of the climate crisis. And as the temperature rises, it is revealing fault lines in our governments, our politics, our economy, and our values. The basic science is not complicated: Stop burning fossil fuels tomorrow, and the global temperature will stop rising tomorrow. Stop burning fossil fuels in 50 years, and the temperature will keep rising for 50 years, making parts of our planet virtually uninhabitable. It’s up to us. The hotter it gets, the deeper and wider our fault lines will open. The Heat Will Kill You First is about the extreme ways in which our planet is already changing. It is about why spring is coming a few weeks earlier and fall is coming a few weeks later and the impact that will have on everything from our food supply to disease outbreaks. It is about what will happen to our lives and our communities when typical summer days in Chicago or Boston go from 90° F to 110°F. A heatwave, Goodell explains, is a predatory event— one that culls out the most vulnerable people. But that is changing. As heatwaves become more intense and more common, they will become more democratic. As an award-winning journalist who has been at the forefront of environmental journalism for decades, Goodell’s new book may be his most provocative yet, explaining how extreme heat will dramatically change the world as we know it. Masterfully reported, mixing the latest scientific insight with on-the-ground storytelling, Jeff Goodell tackles the big questions and uncovers how extreme heat is a force beyond anything we have reckoned with before.
£18.00
Pearson Education Introduction to Environmental Geology
Book Synopsis
£183.65
Elsevier Science Coastal Flood Risk Reduction
Book SynopsisTable of Contents1. Coastal Flood Risk Reduction Program 2. Setting the Stage -Tulips and Tacos 3. Storm Surge Modeling in the Gulf of Mexico and Houston-Galveston Region 4. Modeling movement of water and sand (sediment transport) in coastal environments 5. Inland (pluvial) and urban flood prediction 6. Using machine learning to predict flood hazards based on previous losses 7. Compound flooding 8. Cost/benefit analysis to calculate residential and industrial impacts in TX 9. The Role of Insurance in Facilitating Economic Recovery from Floods 10. Behavioral insights into the causes of underinsurance against flood risks: Experimental evidence from the Netherlands 11. Calculating economic risk, safety standards and decision making 12. Infrastructure impacts and vulnerability to coastal flood events 13. Understanding the impacts of development patterns and the built environment on flood loss 14. Plan evaluation for flood resilient communities: The Plan Integration for Resilience Scorecard 15. Dreaming about Houston and Rotterdam beyond oil and ship channel 16. A new nature-based approach for flood proofing the Metropolitan Region Amsterdam 17. Green Infrastructure-based Design in Texas Coastal Communities 18. Integrated urban design in the U.S.A. and the Netherlands 19. Flood risk reduction for Galveston Bay: preliminary design of a coastal barrier 20. Design, maintain and operate movable storm surge barriers for flood risk reduction 21. Designing and implementing coastal dunes for flood risk reduction 22. Evaluating the Economic Benefits of Proactive Property Acquisition in Coastal Communities. Case of the Houston- Galveston Region 23. Wetlands as an Ecological Function for Flood Reduction 24. Designing and building Flood-proof houses 25. Risk Communication Tools: Bridging the gap between knowledge and action for flood risk reduction. 26. How to design a successful international integrative research and education program 27. The effects of place-and-problem-based research education: the student survey 28. A specific cross-disciplinary Building with Nature workshop-model to teach a multi-perspective problem approach for integrated design 29. Flood risk assessment of storage tanks in the Port of Rotterdam - a multi-faceted learning experience 30. Detailing experiences on place-based learning and research outcomes from a student perspective. 31. Conclusions and synthesis
£110.70
Elsevier Science Artificial Intelligence in Earth Science
Book SynopsisTable of Contents1. Introduction of artificial intelligence in Earth sciences 2. Machine learning for snow cover mapping 3. AI for sea ice forecasting 4. Deep learning for ocean mesoscale eddy detection 5. Artificial intelligence for plant disease recognition 6. Spatiotemporal attention ConvLSTM networks for predicting and physically interpreting wildfire spread 7. AI for physics-inspired hydrology modeling 8. Theory of spatiotemporal deep analogs and their application to solar forecasting 9. AI for improving ozone forecasting 10. AI for monitoring power plant emissions from space 11. AI for shrubland identification and mapping 12. Explainable AI for understanding ML-derived vegetation products 13. Satellite image classification using quantum machine learning 14. Provenance in earth AI 15. AI ethics for earth sciences
£127.80
Elsevier Science European Glacial Landscapes
Book SynopsisTable of ContentsPART I. Introduction 1. Introduction 2. The Terminations of the Glacial Cycles. 3. Previous synthesis of Last Deglaciation in Europe PART II. Climate changes during the Last Deglaciation in the Eastern North Atlantic region 4. Introduction 5. The Heinrich-1 Stadial 6. The Bølling-Allerød Interstadial 7. The Younger Dryas Stadial PART III. The European glacial landforms during main deglaciation (18.9-14.6 ka) 8. Concept and global context of the glacial landforms from deglaciation SECTION 1. European regions that were covered by the European Ice Sheet Complex (EISC) 9. European Ice Sheet Complex evolution during main deglaciation (18.9-14.6 ka) 10. Fennoscandia: glacial landforms during deglaciation (18.9-14.6 ka) 11. Northern Central Europe: glacial landforms during deglaciation (18.9-14.6 ka) 12. European Russia: glacial landforms during deglaciation (18.9-14.6 ka) 13. The Eurasian Arctic: Glacial landforms during main deglaciation (18.9-14.6 ka) 14. The North Sea and Mid Norwegian Continental Margin: glacial landforms during deglaciation, the Bølling-Allerød Interstadial and the Younger Dryas. 15. Britain and Ireland: glacial landforms during deglaciation (18.9-14.6 ka). SECTION 2. European regions that were not covered by the EISC 16. The Polar Ural Mountains: Deglaciation history. 17. Iceland: glacial landforms during deglaciation (18.9-14.6 ka) 18. The evolution of glacial landforms in the Tatra Mountains during deglaciation (18.9-14.6 ka). 19. The Romanian Carpathians: glacial landforms during deglaciation (18.9-14.6 ka). 20. The Alps: glacial landforms during deglaciation (18.9 to 14.6 ka). 21. The Pyrenees: environments and landforms in the aftermath of the LGM (18.9–14.6 ka). 22. The evolution of glacial landforms in Iberian Mountains during deglaciation (18.9–14.6 ka). 23. The Italian Mountains: glacial landforms during deglaciation (18.9–14.6 ka). 24. The Balkans: glacial landforms during deglaciation (18.9–14.6 ka). 25. The Anatolian Mountains: glacial landforms during deglaciation (18.9–14.6 ka). SECTION 3. Synthesis of Part III 26. The European glacial landscapes from the main deglaciation PART IV. The European glacial landforms from the Bølling-Allerød Interstadial (14.6-12.9 ka) 27. Concept and global context of the glacial landforms from the Bølling-Allerød Interstadial SECTION 1. European regions that were covered by the European Ice Sheet Complex (EISC) 28. European Ice Sheet Complex evolution during the Bølling-Allerød Interstadial (14.6-12.9 ka) 29. Fennoscandia: glacial landforms from the Bølling-Allerød Interstadial (14.6-12.9 ka). 30. Northern Central Europe: glacial landforms from the Bølling-Allerød Interstadial 31. European Russia: glacial landforms from the Bølling-Allerød Interstadial 32. The Eurasian Arctic: Glacial landforms from the Bølling-Allerød Interstadial (14.6-12.9 ka BP). 33. Britain and Ireland: glacial landforms from the Bølling-Allerød Interstadial. SECTION 2: European regions that were not covered by the EISC 34. Iceland: Glacial landforms and raised shorelines from the Bølling-Allerød interstadial. 35. The evolution of glacial landforms in the Tatra Mountains during the Bølling-Allerød Interstadial. 36. The Romanian Carpathians: glacial landforms during Bølling –Allerød Interstadial. 37. The Alps: glacial landforms from the Bølling-Allerød Interstadial 38. The Pyrenees: glacial landforms from the Bølling-Allerød Interstadial 39. The evolution of glacial landforms in the Iberian Mountains during Bølling-Allerød Interstadial. 40. The Italian Mountains: glacial landforms from the Bølling-Allerød Interstadial 41. The Balkans: glacial landforms from the Bølling-Allerød Interstadial 42. The Anatolian Mountains: glacial landforms from the Bølling-Allerød Interstadial SECTION 3. Synthesis of the Part IV 43. European glacial landscapes from the Bølling-Allerød Interstadial PART V. The European glacial landforms from the Younger Dryas Stadial (12.9-11.7 ka) 44. Concept and global context of the glacial landforms from Younger Dryas SECTION 1. European regions that were covered by the European Ice Sheet Complex (EISC) 45. The EISC evolution during the Younger Dryas Stadial (12.9-11.7 ka). 46. The Fennoscandian Ice Sheet during the Younger Dryas Stadial. 47. Younger Dryas local moraines in western and northern Norway 48. Northern Central Europe: glacial landforms from the Younger Dryas Stadial. 49. European Russia: glacial landforms from the Younger Dryas Stadial. 50. The Eurasian Arctic:?Glacial landforms from the Younger Dryas Stadial. 51. Britain and Ireland: glacial landforms from the Younger Dryas Stadial SECTION 2. European regions that not were covered by the EISC 52. Iceland: glacial landforms from the Younger Dryas Stadial 53. The evolution of glacial landforms in the Tatra Mountains during the Younger Dryas Stadial. 54. The Romanian Carpathians: glacial landforms from the Younger Dryas 55. The Alps: glacial landforms from the Younger Dryas Stadial 56. The Pyrenees: glacial landforms from the Younger Dryas Stadial 57. The evolution of glacial landforms in Iberian Mountains during the Younger Dryas Stadial. 58. The Italian Mountains: glacial landforms from the Younger Dryas Stadial. 59. The Balkans: glacial landforms from the Younger Dryas Stadial. 60. The Anatolian Mountains: glacial landforms from the Younger Dryas Stadial. SECTION 3. Synthesis of Part V 61. The European glacial landscapes from the Younger Dryas Stadial PART VI. The Synthesis of the European Landscapes from Last Deglaciation 62. The importance of European glacial landscapes in a context of great climatic variability
£103.50
Taylor & Francis Ltd Geomythology
Book SynopsisGold-guarding griffins, Cyclopes, killer lakes, man-eating birds, and fire devils from the skysuch wonders have long been dismissed as fictional. Now, thanks to the richly interdisciplinary field of geomythology, researchers are taking a second look. It turns out that these and similar tales, which originated in pre-literate societies, contain surprisingly accurate, pre-scientific intuitions about startling or catastrophic earth-based phenomena such as volcanoes, earthquakes, tsunamis, and the unearthing of bizarre animal bones. Geomythology: How Common Stories Reflect Earth Events provides an accessible, engaging overview of this hybrid discipline. The introductory chapter surveys geomythology's remarkable history and its core concepts, while the second and third chapters analyze the geomythical resonances of universal earth tales about dragons and giants. Chapter 4 narrows the focus to regional stories and discusses the ways these and other myths have influeTable of ContentsIntroduction: What is Geomythology? 1 Universal Geomyths (Part I)2 Universal Geomyths (Part II)3 Regional Geomyths 4 The Futures of Geomythology
£17.99
Farrar, Straus and Giroux basinandrange
Book SynopsisThe first of John McPhee''s works in his series on geology and geologists, Basin and Range is a book of journeys through ancient terrains, always in juxtaposition with travels in the modern worlda history of vanished landscapes, enhanced by the histories of people who bring them to light. The title refers to the physiographic province of the United States that reaches from eastern Utah to eastern California, a silent world of austere beauty, of hundreds of discrete high mountain ranges that are green with junipers and often white with snow. The terrain becomes the setting for a lyrical evocation of the science of geology, with important digressions into the plate-tectonics revolution and the history of the geologic time scale.
£15.30
Springer Stress and Strain Basic Concepts Of Continuum Mechanics For Geologists
Book SynopsisI Introductory.- 1 Material constitution of rocks.- 2 Mechanical state.- 3 Change in mechanical state.- 4 Mechanical significance of structure.- II Forces in Rocks.- 5 Classes of forces.- 6 Stress on a plane.- 7 The stress ellipsoid, I.- 8 The stress ellipsoid, II.- 9 Mohr circle for stress.- 10 Tensor components of stress.- 11 Cauchy's formula, transformation of tensor components.- 12 Stress fields.- 13 Stress history.- III Deformation of Rocks.- 14 Distortion and deformation, measures of distortion.- 15 The strain ellipsoid.- 16 Mohr circle for infinitesimal strain.- 17 Mohr circle for finite strain.- 18 Displacement and deformation gradients.- 19 Tensor components of infinitesimal strain, I.- 20 Tensor components of infinitesimal strain, II.- 21 Tensor components of finite strain, I.- 22 Tensor components of finite strain, II.- 23 Strain fields.- 24 Strain history.- IV Topics Involving Forces and Deformation.- 25 Hookean behavior.- 26 Newtonian behavior.- 27 Energy consumed in deforTable of ContentsI Introductory.- 1 Material constitution of rocks.- 2 Mechanical state.- 3 Change in mechanical state.- 4 Mechanical significance of structure.- II Forces in Rocks.- 5 Classes of forces.- 6 Stress on a plane.- 7 The stress ellipsoid, I.- 8 The stress ellipsoid, II.- 9 Mohr circle for stress.- 10 Tensor components of stress.- 11 Cauchy’s formula, transformation of tensor components.- 12 Stress fields.- 13 Stress history.- III Deformation of Rocks.- 14 Distortion and deformation, measures of distortion.- 15 The strain ellipsoid.- 16 Mohr circle for infinitesimal strain.- 17 Mohr circle for finite strain.- 18 Displacement and deformation gradients.- 19 Tensor components of infinitesimal strain, I.- 20 Tensor components of infinitesimal strain, II.- 21 Tensor components of finite strain, I.- 22 Tensor components of finite strain, II.- 23 Strain fields.- 24 Strain history.- IV Topics Involving Forces and Deformation.- 25 Hookean behavior.- 26 Newtonian behavior.- 27 Energy consumed in deformation.
£84.99
Copernicus The Biosphere
Book SynopsisOne The Biosphere in the Cosmos.- The Biosphere in the Cosmic Medium.- The Biosphere as a Region of Transformation of Cosmic Energy.- The Empirical Generalization and the Hypothesis.- Living Matter in the Biosphere.- The Multiplication of Organisms and Geochemical Energy in Living Matter 6o.- Photosynthetic Living Matter.- Some Remarks on Living Matter in the Mechanism of the Biosphere.- Two The Domain of Life.- The Biosphere: An Envelope of the Earth.- Living Matter of the First and Second Orders in the Biosphere 103 The Limits of Life.- The Limits of Life in the Biosphere.- Life in the Hydrosphere.- Geochemical Cycles of the Living Concentrations and Films of the Hydrosphere.- Living Matter on Land.- The Relationship Between the Living Films and Concentrations of the Hydrosphere and Those of Land.- Appendix I: A Biographical Chronology.- Appendix II: Vernadsky's Publications in English.- Acknowledgments.Table of ContentsOne The Biosphere in the Cosmos.- The Biosphere in the Cosmic Medium.- The Biosphere as a Region of Transformation of Cosmic Energy.- The Empirical Generalization and the Hypothesis.- Living Matter in the Biosphere.- The Multiplication of Organisms and Geochemical Energy in Living Matter 6o.- Photosynthetic Living Matter.- Some Remarks on Living Matter in the Mechanism of the Biosphere.- Two The Domain of Life.- The Biosphere: An Envelope of the Earth.- Living Matter of the First and Second Orders in the Biosphere 103 The Limits of Life.- The Limits of Life in the Biosphere.- Life in the Hydrosphere.- Geochemical Cycles of the Living Concentrations and Films of the Hydrosphere.- Living Matter on Land.- The Relationship Between the Living Films and Concentrations of the Hydrosphere and Those of Land.- Appendix I: A Biographical Chronology.- Appendix II: Vernadsky’s Publications in English.- Acknowledgments.
£28.49
WW Norton & Co Underland A Deep Time Journey
Book SynopsisTrade Review"Mesmerizing…Underland is a portal of light in dark times." -- Terry Tempest Williams - New York Times Book Review"An excellent book—fearless and subtle, empathic and strange." -- Dwight Garner - The New York Times"Reading Macfarlane connects us to dazzling new worlds. It's a connection that brings, more than anything else, joy." -- Barbara J. King - NPR"Incantatory…A worthy companion to the historian Simon Schama’s monumental Landscape and Memory." -- Marcia Bjornerud - Wall Street Journal"Brilliant." -- Peter Fish - San Francisco Chronicle"Exquisite. " -- Ryan J. Haupt - Science"Quietly prophetic. " -- Jedediah Purdy - Atlantic"Profound in every sense of the word." -- Richard Powers"Underland is a devastating act of witness and a clear, cogent, lyrical examination of the darknesses invisible beneath our feet." -- Lauren Groff"Underland is a profound reckoning with humankind’s self-imperiled position in nature’s eternal order. At once thrilling and soulful, raw and erudite, it is a book of revelations." -- Philip Gourevitch
£17.99
WW Norton & Co The Rocks Dont Lie
Book SynopsisHow the mystery of the Bible's greatest story shaped geology: a MacArthur Fellow presents a surprising perspective on Noah's Flood.Trade Review"An excellent example of how a serious, even sympathetic, engagement with religion need not threaten reason or compromise scientific integrity." -- Daily Beast"The Rocks Don’t Lie traces the history of the field of geology through the thinking that progressively debunked the great-flood myth and left behind, temporarily, what would be resurrected 150 years later as Creationism. . . . The Rocks Don’t Lie intertwines geologic history and the author’s own field trips in an engrossing way. . . . Montgomery also shows flashes of considerable wit. . . . That’s just a taste of what’s in store for readers of this delightful volume. I came away far more enriched than I had expected to be." -- American Scientist"“[Montgomery’s] arguments are spirited and compelling, but his most novel conceit is to frame this intellectual history of geology by giving special attention to Noah’s Flood." -- Wall Street Journal"We can only hope that [Montgomery’s] book will be received with the same open-mindedness with which it was written." -- Martin Rudwick - New Scientist"Thought-provoking." -- Scientific American"Fascinating, exquisitely researched and comprehensive." -- Seattle Times"Examining a wide variety of flood and creation stories across centuries, Montgomery provides an enthusiastic and valuable recounting of the history of geology and how the advances in science have consistently faced opposition from the guardians of so-called religious authority, based on a literal reading of the Bible." -- Kirkus Reviews"Montgomery... offers a thorough critique of creationist worldviews... while treating his opponents with respect, reflecting on both ancient and modern debates and demonstrating that Christians have been arguing among themselves about these subjects for millennia. ...The combination of historical study and humility on behalf of geology makes for an extremely persuasive work. Highly recommended." -- John M. Kistler - Library Journal
£18.89
WW Norton & Co Super Volcanoes
Book SynopsisAn exhilarating, time-travelling journey to the solar system’s strangest and most awe-inspiring volcanoes.Trade Review"Super Volcanoes sculpt the sea, land and sky, and alter the machinery of life. Join science writer Robin George Andrews on a journey from Yellowstone, Tanzania and the ocean floor on Earth to the moon, Venus and Mars. " -- New Scientist"“In Super Volcanoes, Robin George Andrews takes readers on a Cook’s tour of volcanoes near and far, fuelling a broader curiosity about our planet and its place in the solar system... Andrews’s descriptions are breezy, readily engaging the reader… He is at his best when discussing those who live in the shadow of volcanoes and, especially, the scientists who study them.”" -- Andrew H. Knoll - Times Literary Supplement
£19.79
W. W. Norton & Company Essentials of Geology
Book Synopsis
£86.83
WW Norton & Co Earth
Book Synopsis
£55.09
Springer Igneous Petrogenesis A Global Tectonic Approach
Book SynopsisMagmatism and Global Tectonic Processes.- Relation of present-day magmatism to global tectonic processes.- Geochemical characteristics of igneous rocks as petrogenetic indicators.- Partial melting processes in the Earth's upper mantle.- Processes which modify the composition of primary magmas.- Magmatism at Constructive Plate Margins.- Mid-ocean ridges.- Magmatism at Destructive Plate Margins.- Island arcs.- Active Continental Margins.- Back-arc Basins.- Magmatism within Plates.- Oceanic islands.- Continental Tholeiitic Flood Basalt Provinces.- Continental Rift Zone Magmatism.- Potassic Magmatism within Continental Plates.Table of ContentsMagmatism and Global Tectonic Processes.- Relation of present-day magmatism to global tectonic processes.- Geochemical characteristics of igneous rocks as petrogenetic indicators.- Partial melting processes in the Earth’s upper mantle.- Processes which modify the composition of primary magmas.- Magmatism at Constructive Plate Margins.- Mid-ocean ridges.- Magmatism at Destructive Plate Margins.- Island arcs.- Active Continental Margins.- Back-arc Basins.- Magmatism within Plates.- Oceanic islands.- Continental Tholeiitic Flood Basalt Provinces.- Continental Rift Zone Magmatism.- Potassic Magmatism within Continental Plates.
£67.99
Springer Rockforming Minerals in Thin Section
Book SynopsisA Optical Crystallography.- 1 The polarizing microscope.- 2 Orthoscopic observations.- 3 Observations under conoscopic light.- B Optical Mineralogy.- 1 Opaque minerals and substances.- 2 Optically isotropic (also pseudocubic) minerals and amorphous substances.- 3 Optically uniaxial minerals.- 4 Biaxial crystals.- C Appendices.- 1 Tables for the microscopic identification of rock-forming minerals.- 2 Diagrams for the classification of magmatic rocks.- 3 Diagrams of mineral and rock structures.Table of ContentsA Optical Crystallography.- 1 The polarizing microscope.- 1.1 Microscope components and their function.- 1.2 Accessory equipment.- 1.3 Adjustment of the microscope.- 1.3.1 Centring the condensing lens.- 1.3.2 Centring the objective.- 2 Orthoscopic observations.- 2.1 Observations with one polarizer.- 2.1.1 Light impervious (opaque) minerals and substances.- 2.1.2 Transparent minerals and substances.- 2.1.2.1 Characteristic crystal shapes.- 2.1.2.2 Cleavage.- 2.1.2.3 Colour and pleochroism.- 2.1.2.4 Refractive index: relief, chagrin, and the Becke line.- 2.2 Observations under crossed polars.- 2.2.1 Passage of light through isotropic media.- 2.2.2 Passage of light through anisotropic media.- 2.2.2.1 Birefringence and polarization.- 2.2.2.2 The indicatrix model.- 2.2.2.3 Optical character of elongation.- 2.2.2.4 Parallel, symmetric and oblique extinction.- 2.2.2.5 Twinning.- 3 Observations under conoscopic light.- 3.1 Introduction.- 3.2 Conoscopic examination of optically uniaxial crystals.- 3.2.1 Conoscopic images of uniaxial crystals in different orientations.- 3.2.2 Determination of the optical character of uniaxial crystals.- 3.3 Determination of the optical character of biaxial minerals in the conoscopic light path.- 3.3.1 Conoscopic images of biaxial minerals in different orientations.- 3.3.2 Identification of the optical character of biaxial crystals.- 3.3.3 Estimation of the optic axial angle 2V.- 3.3.4 Determination of optic axial angles 2V in oblique section.- Summary 1: Mineral identification with the polarizing microscope.- Summary 2: Protocol of mineral identification in thin section.- B Optical Mineralogy.- 1 Opaque minerals and substances.- 1.1 Magnetite.- 1.2 Ilmenite.- 1.3 Hematite.- 1.4 Pyrite.- 1.5 Pyrrhotite.- 1.6 Graphite.- 1.7 Carbonaceous substances.- 2 Optically isotropic (also pseudocubic) minerals and amorphous substances.- 2.1 Perovskite.- 2.2 Spinel group.- 2.3 Pyrochlore and koppite.- 2.4 Garnet group.- 2.4.1 Pyrope.- 2.4.2 Almandine.- 2.4.3 Grossularite.- 2.4.4 Melanite.- 2.5 Leucite.- 2.6 Sodalite group.- 2.7 Analcite.- 2.8 Cristobalite.- 2.9 Fluorite.- 2.10 Amorphous minerals, glass and cryptocrystalline material.- 2.10.1 Limonite.- 2.10.2 Opal.- 2.10.3 Rock-glass.- 3 Optically uniaxial minerals.- 3.1 Minerals which are optically uniaxial positive.- 3.1.1 Rutile.- 3.1.2 Cassiterite.- 3.1.3 Zircon.- 3.1.4 Xenotime.- 3.1.5 Melilite group.- 3.1.6 SiO2 group.- 3.1.6.1 Quartz.- 3.1.6.2 Chalcedony.- 3.1.6.3 Tridymite.- 3.1.7 Chabazite.- 3.2 Minerals with uniaxial negative character.- 3.2.1 Anatase.- 3.2.2 Trigonal carbonate group.- 3.2.2.1 Calcite.- 3.2.2.2 Dolomite.- 3.2.2.3 Magnesite.- 3.2.2.4 Siderite.- 3.2.3 Corundum.- 3.2.4 Vesuvianite.- 3.2.5 Tourmaline.- 3.2.6 Apatite.- 3.2.7 Beryl.- 3.2.8 Nepheline.- 3.2.9 Scapolite group.- 3.2.10 Apophyllite.- 3.2.11 Cancrinite.- 4 Biaxial crystals.- 4.1 Olivine group.- 4.2 Pyroxene group.- 4.2.1 Orthopyroxene group: enstatite, bronzite, hypersthene.- 4.2.2 Clinopyroxenes.- 4.2.2.1 Diopside group.- 4.2.2.2 Augite group.- 4.2.2.3 Titanaugite.- 4.2.2.4 Pigeonite.- 4.2.2.5 Aegirine-augite series.- 4.2.2.6 Jadeite.- 4.2.2.7 Omphacite.- Determination of the maximum extinction angle for pyroxenes and amphiboles.- 4.3 Amphibole group.- 4.3.1 Actinolite group.- 4.3.2 Green (‘common’) hornblende.- 4.3.3 Brown hornblende.- 4.3.4 Glaucophane and crossite.- 4.3.5 Arfvedsonite and riebeckite.- 4.4 Mica group.- 4.4.1 Muscovite.- 4.4.2 Phengite.- 4.4.3 Lithionite series.- 4.4.3.1 Lepidolite.- 4.4.3.2 Zinnwaldite.- 4.4.4 Biotite series.- 4.4.4.1 Phlogopite.- 4.4.4.2 Biotite s.s..- 4.4.5 Oxybiotite.- 4.4.6 Titanbiotite.- 4.5 Stilpnomelane.- 4.6 Glauconite and celadonite.- 4.7 Talc.- 4.8 Chlorite group.- 4.8.1 Orthochlorite.- 4.8.2 Leptochlorite.- 4.9 Serpentine group.- 4.9.1 Antigorite.- 4.9.2 Chrysotile.- 4.10 Feldspar family.- 4.10.1 Alkali feldspars.- 4.10.1.1 Sanidine.- 4.10.1.2 Orthoclase.- 4.10.1.3 Anorthoclase.- 4.10.1.4 Microcline.- 4.10.2 Plagioclase series.- 4.11 Zeolite family.- 4.11.1 Fibrous zeolites.- 4.11.1.1 Natrolite.- 4.11.1.2 Mesolite.- 4.11.1.3 Thomsonite.- 4.11.1.4 Scolecite.- 4.11.1.5 Mordenite.- 4.11.1.6 Laumontite.- 4.11.2 Flaky zeolites.- 4.11.2.1 Heulandite.- 4.11.2.2 Stilbite.- 4.11.2.3 Epistilbite.- 4.11.3 Cubic zeolites.- 4.11.3.1 Phillipsite.- 4.11.3.2 Harmotome.- 4.12 Aenigmatite (cossyrite).- 4.13 Sphene (titanite).- 4.14 Topaz.- 4.15 Cordierite.- 4.16 Al2SiO5 group.- 4.16.1 Andalusite.- 4.16.2 Sillimanite.- 4.16.3 Kyanite.- 4.17 Staurolite.- 4.18 Wollastonite.- 4.19 Chloritoid.- 4.20 Epidote zoisite group.- 4.20.1 Zoisite.- 4.20.2 Epidote.- 4.20.3 Clinozoisite.- 4.20.4 Orthite (allanite).- 4.21 Pumpellyite.- 4.22 Lawsonite.- 4.23 Anhydrite.- 4.24 Gypsum.- 4.25 Aragonite.- 4.26 Barite.- 4.27 Goethite.- 4.28 Prehnite.- C Appendices.- 1 Tables for the microscopic identification of rock-forming minerals.- 2 Diagrams for the classification of magmatic rocks.- 3 Diagrams of mineral and rock structures.
£123.49
Taylor & Francis Ltd Essay on the Theory of the Earth 1813 The
Book SynopsisBased at the Parisian Museum of Natural History, Cuvier was able to compare the fossil bones he dug from the quarries of Montmartre with those of animals alive today. Guided by the principle of correlation, that all the parts of an animal must cohere, and by analogy, with living species, Cuvier boldly reconstructed extinct creatures from the incomplete skeletons he unearthed. This process is described in his Essay on the Theory of the Earth.Table of Contents1. Preliminary Observations, 2. Plan of this Essay, 3. Of the first Appearance of the Earth. 4. First Proofs of Revolutions on the Surface of the Earth, 5. Proofs that such Revolutions have been numerous, 6. Proofs that the Revolutions have been sudden, 7. Proofs of the Occurrence of Revolutions before the Existence of Living Beings, 8. Examination of the Causes which act at present on the Surface of our Globe, 9. Of Slips, or Falling Down of the Materials of Mountains, 10. Of Alluvial Formations, 11. Of the Formation of Downs, 12. Of the Formation of Cliffs, or steep Shores, 13. Of Depositions formed in Water, 14. Of Stalactites, 15. Of Lithophytes, 16. Of Incrustations, 17. Of Volcanoes, 18. Of Astronomical Causes of the Revolutions on the Earth’s Surface, 19. Of former Systems of Geology, 20. Diversities of the Geological Systems, and their Causes, 21. Statement of the Nature and Conditions of the Problem to be solved, 22. Of the Progress of Mineral Geology, 23. Of the Importance of Extraneous Fossils, or Petrifactions, in Geology, 24. High Importance of investigating the Fossil Remains of Quadrupeds, 25. Of the small Probability of discovering new Species of the larger Quadrupeds, 26. Enquiry respecting the Fabulous Animals of the Ancients, 27. Of the Difficulty of distinguishing the Fossil Bones of Quadrupeds, 28. Results of the Researches respecting the Fossil Bones of Quadrupeds, 29. Relations of the Species of Fossil Bones, with the Strata in which they are found, 30. Proofs that the extinct Species of Quadrupeds are not Varieties of the present existing Species, 31. Proofs that there are no Human Bones in the Fossil State, 32. Proofs of the recent Population of the World, and that its present Surface is not of very ancient Formation, 33. Proofs, from Traditions, of a great Catastrophe, and subsequent Renewal of Human Society, 34. Proofs derived from several miscellaneous Considerations, 35. Concluding Reflections, Supplement, being an extract from the Researches of M. de Prony, on the Hydraulic System of Italy: containing an Account of the Displacement of that Part of the Coast of the Adriatic which is occupied by the Mouths of the Po, Appendix, containing Mineralogical Notes, and an Account of Cuvier’s Geological Discoveries
£285.00
Taylor & Francis Ltd Dyke Swarms Time Markers of Crustal Evolution
Book SynopsisDyke swarms are remnants of large igneous provinces, and are pointers of continental break-up events, as well as indicators for ancient continental reconstructions. These global geodynamic aspects are of crucial significance in tectonics, and with recent developments in high-precision age, dating it has become possible to enter these short-lived magmatic events into a global data base. Every five years, scientists have met to consider new results and potential directions relating to the study of igneous dykes. At the Fifth International Dyke Conference, held in Rovaniemi, Finland in August 2005, igneous dykes, with particular attention to mafic dykes and dyke swarms, came under scrutiny. The properties of dykes, from Archean to Miocene, were explored in terms of mineralogy, geochemistry, isotopes, geochronology and paleomagnetics. This is a selection of twelve papers presented in Rovaniemi, together with updates of six papers from the South African meeting in 2001. For those who wish to have a summary of the current international status of igneous dykes, and their significance in interpreting geological and tectonic processes, this book is invaluable.Table of ContentsIDC5 papers Short-lived mantle generated magmatic events and their dyke swarms: The key unlocking Earth's palaeogeographic record back to 2.6 GaW. Bleeker & R. Ernst Giant dyke swarms and the reconstruction of the Canadian Arctic islands, Greenland, Svalbard and Franz Josef LandK.L. Buchan & R. Ernst AMS criteria for determining the azimuth and dip of a subduction zone from a mafic dyke swarmJ.-P. Lefort, T. Aïfa & F. Hervé Palaeo- and Mesoproterozoic dyke swarms in the Lake Ladoga area, NW Russia – palaeomagnetic studies S. Mertanen, O. Eklund, A. Shebanov, D. Frank-Kamenetsky & T. Vasilieva U-Pb baddeleyite ages of Meso- and Neoproterozoic dykes and sills in central Fennoscandia: A reviewU. Söderlund The Kopparnäs dyke swarm in Inkoo, southern Finland: New evidence for Jotnian magmatism in the SE Fennoscandian ShieldA.V. Luttinen & P.J. Kosunen 1.80–1.75 Ga mafic dyke swarms in the central North China craton: Implications for a plume-related break-up eventP. Peng, M.-G. Zhai & J.-H. Guo Mesoproterozoic mantle heterogeneity in the SW Amazonian Craton: 40Ar/39Ar and Nd-Sr isotopic evidence from mafic-felsic rocksW. Teixeira, J.S. Bettencourt, V.A.V. Girardi, A. Onoe, K. Sato & G.J. Rizzotto Mesozoic alkali basalts and felsic rocks in eastern Victoria, AustraliaA. Soesoo Precambrian mafic dyke swarms from the central Indian Bastar craton: Temporal evolution of the subcontinental mantleR.K. Srivastava Development of dyke and sheet swarms controlled by magma supply rate - an example from the Miocene Otoge igneous complex, central Japan N. Geshi Diabase intrusives of the Schmidt Hills, Pensacola Mountians, East Antarctica: Their petrology, petrogenesis and frequency distribution of plagioclase twin lawsW.W. Boyd IDC4 papers Sills of the Theron Mountains, Antarctica: Evidence for long distance transport of mafic magmas during Gondwana break-upP.T. Leat, A.V. Luttinen, B.C. Storey & I.L. Millar Geochemical correlations between Jurassic gabbros and basaltic rocks in Vestfjella, Dronning Maud Land, AntarcticaA.V. Luttinen & S.K. Vuori The Geology of a Mafic Dyke at Roerkulten, Sverdrupfjella, western Dronning Maud Land, AntarcticaG.H. Grantham, R.A. Armstrong & A.B. Moyes Structural and AMS study of a Miocene dyke swarm located above the Patagonian subduction J.-P. Lefort, T. Aïfa & F. Hervé Palaeomagnetism of Palaeoproterozoic dolerite dykes in central Finland S. Mertanen, P. Hölttä, L.J. Pesonen & J. Paavola Spatial distribution and emplacement features of Permo-Carboniferous dykes at the southwestern margin of the Fennoscandian ShieldK. Obst & G. Katzung
£171.00
CRC Press Reclaiming the Desert Towards a Sustainable
Book SynopsisA comprehensive collection of contributions from the Middle East and Japan, dealing with pressing problems concerning sustainability in arid zones, this time with the accent on environmental science and engineering. The symposium brought together researchers and field engineers who discussed issues such as sulphur utilization in agriculture and construction engineering, renewable energy sources, and hazardous and waste-water treatment technologies. At a broader level, compliance with the Kyoto Protocol was on the agenda, with lively debate on global warming issues, which are of particular relevance to the ecology of arid lands.Table of ContentsPrefaceSulfur utilization in construction industrySulfur utilization in agriculture ActivitiesEcologyEnergyGlobal warmingHazardous waste treatmentWaste water treatmentAuthor index
£65.54
Taylor & Francis Ltd Evaluation and Prevention of Natural Risks
Book SynopsisThe assessment and prevention of risks inherent to natural phenomena is of topical interest to the scientific community and other authorities dealing with territorial management. Historical analysis carried out in the Piemonte-territory in north-western Italy, focusing on the consequences of hydrogeological risks, reveals that damage is continually increasing. This can partly be explained by the consistent expansion of urbanized areas at the expense of areas that are essential to the natural modelling processes of the region; the damage resulting from hydrogeological instability often being associated with incompatible territorial decisions. This text gives a detailed account of a series of experiences related to activities that ARPA Piemonte has carried out focusing on the cognitive and forecasting aspects related to risk assessment and alerting procedures. Table of ContentsPRESENTATIONFOREWORD1. INTRODUCTION TO THE CONCEPT OF HAZARD AND RISK1.1 FORECASTING, HAZARD, AND RISKS RELATED TO NATURAL PHENOMENA1.2 FORECASTING NATURAL PHENOMENA FOR EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT1.3 A KNOWLEDGE BASE AND THE DIFFUSION OF KNOWLEDGE AS SUPPORTS FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF HAZARD AND RISK1.4 GLOSSARY2. THE ASSESSMENT OF HAZARD AND RISK2.1 METEOROLOGICAL PHENOMENA2.2 THE LARGE ALPINE LANDSLIDES2.3 ROCK FALLS2.4 SHALLOW LANDSLIDES2.5 TORRENTIAL PROCESSES2.6 AVALANCHES2.7 RIVER FLOODING3. FORECASTING AND WARNING 3 FORECASTING AND ALERTS3.1 METEOROLOGICAL FORECASTING3.2 INDICATORS OF RAINFALL HAZARD3.3 TOWARDS A DIFFERENT APPROACH TO FORECASTING METHODS3.4 FORECASTING FLOODS3.5 FORECASTING LANDSLIDES4. THE UNCERTAINTY OF FORECASTING AND ASSESSMENT METHODS4.1 THE UNCERTAINTY OF FORECASTING METHODS4.2 THE CASE OF THE SCRIVIA RIVER ON SEPTEMBER 15-16, 20044.3 THE DEBRIS FLOW OF THE RIO FREJUS (BARDONECCHIA) - AUGUST 6, 20045 GENERAL CONCLUSIONS
£204.25
CRC Press Central America Two Volume Set
Book SynopsisAn integrated treatment of the principal fields of classical and applied geosciences of Central America, this authoritative two-volume monograph treats the region as a whole, exploring geology, earth resources and geo-hazards across political boundaries. It reviews the published literature, and supplements it with an abundance of information from ongoing investigations and internal reports.The compendium is a result of four years' collaborative work by the editors and more than ninety experts from eighteen countries. It is aimed at professionals, academics and students in the fields of geology, geography, biology, and engineering at the local, regional and international level. In a region which is rich in geological resources and where natural disasters are frequent, the monograph is a solid base for local and international institutions concerned with land-use, infrastructure, water and energy resources, and mining, as well as with hazard reduction and disaster prevention.
£356.25
CRC Press Dynamics of Forest Ecosystems in Central Africa
Book SynopsisThis book consists of scientific papers resulting from an international workshop: âEnvironmental and Cultural Change in West- and Central Africaâ organized by the German Research Foundation (DFG) in YaoundÃ, Cameroon, March 2006. Problems of Holocene and Late Pleistocene modifications of the rain forest savanna fringe and their possible influence on cultural innovations are discussed.The book will be of interest to all concerned with tropical forests and related development problems of third world countries, especially ecologists, botanists and earth scientists. It will be valuable for advanced undergraduates and postgraduates as a reference for review and overview articles as well as a source of information for new original manuscripts on the topic of Late Pleistocene and Holocene landscape evolution in the lower latitudes of Africa. Palaeobotanists, Palynologists and Quaternarists equally will find this edition useful for their work.Table of ContentsPreface and Introduction 1. Dfg-Research Unit 510 on ‘Ecological and Cultural Change in West and Central Africa’, Yaoundé Workshop Report, and Outlook for 2007–2009 2. OF Deserts and Forests: Insights into Central African Palaeoenvironments since the Last Glacial Maximum 3. Settling the Rain Forest: The Environment of Farming Communities in Southern Cameroon During the First Millennium BC 4. Recent Archaeological Investigations in the Tropical Rain Forest of South-West Cameroon 5. The Batie Palaeopodzol and its Palaeoclimatic And Environmental Significance 6. New Evidence on Palaeoenvironmental Conditions in SW Cameroon since the Late Pleistocene Derived from Alluvial Sediments of the Ntem River 7. The Evolution of the Holocene Palaeoenvironment of the Adamawa Region of Cameroon: Evidence from Sediments from Two Crater Lakes near Ngaoundere 8. Palaeoenvironmental Studies in The Ngotto Forest: Alluvial Sediments as Indicators of Recent and Holocene Landscape Evolution in the Central African Republic 9. Extension of Former Tree Cover in the Today’s Sudano-Sahelian Milieu as Evidence for Late Holocene Environmental Changes in Northern Cameroon 10. THE Application of Organic Carbon and Carbonate Stratography to the Reconstruction of Lacustrine Palaeoenvironments from Lake Magadi, Kenya 11. Forest-Savanna Dynamics in Ivory Coast 12. The Impact of Land Use on Species Distribution Changes in North Benin 13. Potentials of Nigeriasat-1 for Sustainable Forest Monitoring in Africa: A Case Study From Nigeria 14. Landscape and Vegetation Patterns Studied by Remotely Sensed Data Analysis in Rain Forest Ecosystems Near Ebolowa (Southern Cameroon) 15. Remote Sensing Based Forest Assessment: Recent Dynamics (1973–2002) of Forest-Savanna Boundaries at Ngotto Forest, Central African Republic (CAR) 16. Late Neoproterozoic Palaeogeography of Central Africa: Relations with Holocene Geological and Geomorphological Setting 17. A Palaeoecological Approach to Neotectonics: The Geomorphic Evolution of the Ntem River in and Below its Interior Delta, SW Cameroon 18. Effects of Forest Clearings Around Bangui: Urban Floods in Densely Populated Districts of the Central African Capital 19. Non Woody Forest Products (NWFPs) and Food Safety: Sustainable Management in the Lobaye Region (Central African Republic)
£171.00
Taylor & Francis Ltd Aquifer Systems Management Darcys Legacy in a
Book SynopsisBy 2050, the demand for water to sustain world agriculture will increase by seventy-five per cent in order to feed an estimated nine billion inhabitants. Increased amounts of water will be required for irrigation and for industrial and domestic use. Natural ecosystems will be threatened by the expansion of agricultural land and by a reduction in water availability, while climate change will exacerbate the situation. Management of available resources, particularly groundwater, will become more critical and aquifers will need to be managed for the benefit of all. These selected papers were first presented at the International Association of Hydrogeologists, Dijon 2006, and are divided into six themes: large aquifers, resource assessment; large aquifers, water salinity and evolution; karstic and carbonate aquifer systems; geothermal aquifer systems; aquifer contamination studies and aquifer monitoring systems and management. The volume also includes a short biography oTable of ContentsPart 1: A Tribute to Henry Darcy’s Legacy Part 2: The Measure of Permeability Part 3: Complex Hydrogeological Systems 1. Large Aquifers, Assessment of the Resource 2. Large Aquifers, Water Salinity and its Evolution with Exploitation 3. Karstic and Carbonate Aquifer Systems 4. Geothermal Aquifer Systems 5. Aquifer Contamination Studies 6. Aquifer Monitoring Systems and Management Rules
£228.00
Taylor & Francis Ltd WaterRock Interaction Two Volume Set
Book Synopsis
£308.75
Taylor & Francis Ltd Foundations of Engineering Geology
Book SynopsisNow in full colour, the third edition of this well established book provides a readable and highly illustrated overview of the aspects of geology that are most significant to civil engineers.Sections in the book include those devoted to the main rock types, weathering, ground investigation, rock mass strength, failures of old mines, subsidence on peats and clays, sinkholes on limestone and chalk, water in landslides, slope stabilization and understanding ground conditions. The roles of both natural and man-induced processes are assessed, and this understanding is developed into an appreciation of the geological environments potentially hazardous to civil engineering and construction projects. For each style of difficult ground, available techniques of site investigation and remediation are reviewed and evaluated.Each topic is presented as a double page spread with a careful mix of text and diagrams, with tabulated reference material on parameters such as bearing strengTrade Review"A useful source for a quick insight into the subject or a reminder for the practising engineer when difficult ground is encountered."—Ground Engineering"This is an excellent book that will be invaluable not only as a textbook for students taking an engineering geology, geology or civil engineering course but also as a reference book/aide memoire in later years as they (and we more advanced practitioners) follow their careers."—Geological MagazineTable of ContentsGeology. Igneous Rocks. Surface Processes. Sedimentary Rocks. Metamorphic Rocks. Geological Structures. Geological Maps. Map Interpretation. Tectonics. Boundary Hazards. Rocks of Britain. Rocks of the US. Weathering and Soils. Floodplains and Alluvium. Glacial Deposits. Climatic Variants. Coastal Processes. Groundwater. Ground Investigation. Desk Study. Ground Investigation Boreholes. Geophysical Surveys. Assessment of Difficult Ground. Rock Strength. Rock Mass Strength. Soil Strength. Ground Subsidence. Subsidence on Clays. Subsidence on Limestone. Subsidence Over Old Mines. Mining Subsidence. Slope Failure and Landslides. Water in Landslides. Soil Failures and Flowslides. Landslide Hazards. Slope Stabilization. Ground Conditions. Rock Excavation. Tunnels in Rock. Stone and Aggregate. Appendices. Rock Mass Quality Q System. Abbreviations and Notation. Further Reading. Index.
£26.59
Taylor & Francis Ltd Rock Failure Mechanisms
Book SynopsisWhen dealing with rock in civil engineering, mining engineering and other engineering, the process by which the rock fails under load should be understood, so that safe structures can be built on and in the rock. However, there are many ways for loading rock and rock can have a variety of idiosyncracies. This reference book provides engineers and researchers with the essential knowledge for a clear understanding of the process of rock failure under different conditions. It contains an introductory chapter explaining the role of rock failure in engineering projects plus a summary of the theories governing rock failure and an explanation of the computer simulation method. It subsquently deals in detail with explaining, simulating and illustrating rock failure in laboratory and field. The concluding chapter discusses coupled modelling and the anticipated future directions for this type of computer simulation. An appendix describing the RFPA numerical model (Rock Failure Process AnalysiTable of Contents1. Introduction; 2. Uniaxial tension; 3. Indirect tension; 4. Uniaxial compression; 5. Confinement and shear; 6. Heterogeneity; 7. Anisotropy; 8. Loading, unloading, Kaiser effect; 9. Time dependance; 10. Coalescence; 11. Dynamic loading; 12. Water flow; 13. Thermal stress; 14. Slope failure; 15. Cutting inhomogeneous rocks; 16. Tunnels in jointed rock; 17. Longwall coal mining; 18. Gas outbursts in coal mines; 19. Particle breakage and comminution; 20. 3-D Modelling and 'turtle crack formation'; 21. Conclusion.
£142.50
CRC Press A Geology for Engineers Seventh Edition
Book SynopsisNo engineering structure can be built on the ground or within it without the influence of geology being experienced by the engineer. Yet geology is an ancillary subject to students of engineering and it is therefore essential that their training is supported by a concise, reliable and usable text on geology and its relationship to engineering. In this book all the fundamental aspects of geology are described and explained, but within the limits thought suitable for engineers.It describes the structure of the earth and the operation of its internal processes, together with the geological processes that shape the earth and produce its rocks and soils. It also details the commonly occurring types of rock and soil, and many types of geological structure and geological maps. Care has been taken to focus on the relationship between geology and geomechanics, so emphasis has been placed on the geological processes that bear directly upon the composition, structure and mechanics of soil and rocks, and on the movement of groundwater. The descriptions of geological processes and their products are used as the basis for explaining why it is important to investigate the ground, and to show how the investigations may be conducted at ground level and underground. Specific instruction is provided on the relationship between geology and many common activities undertaken when engineering in rock and soil.Trade ReviewThis well-known textbook...remains the doyen of the field: a book for all seasons...written with balance, care and understanding.*GeotechniqueTable of ContentsThe Earth: Surface, structure and age; Geological history; Surface processes; Minerals; Igneous rocks; Sedimentary rocks; Metamorphic rocks; Geological structures; Strength of geological material; Ground investigations; Laboratory investigations; Geological maps; Groundwater; Slope stability; Reservoirs and dams; Excavations; Ground treatment and support; Development and redevelopment
£56.04
Taylor & Francis Ltd Geological Resources and Good Governance in
Book SynopsisThis book looks at the distribution, occurrences, potential and prospects for good governance, transparency and sustainable development of geological resources in Sub-Saharan Africa. By bringing together numerous different point of views, it is carried out in a holistic, interdisciplinary and scientific way.The states of Sub-Saharan Africa are among the worldâs most resource-rich regions â yet many of these countries are a long way from attaining their development potential â some are among the least developed in the world. Paradoxically, those countries that are most richly endowed with resources are often the least developed (paradox of plenty). This phenomenon is exacerbated in many African countries by inadequate governance; and yet, if the state is unable to provide basic services, the application of social and environmental standards in the extractive and processing sectors will not be effective.The idea for this volume was conceived during an international confeTable of ContentsForewordGeological resources and governanceCase studiesArtisanal mining, gender and HIV/AIDS OutlookAuthor indexColour plates
£185.25
Taylor & Francis Ltd Landscape Evolution Neotectonics and Quaternary
Book SynopsisFounded in 1966, the internationally recognized and acclaimed Series Palaeoecology of Africa' publishes interdisciplinary scientific papers on landscape evolution and on former environments of the African continent. Beginning with topics such as changes in climate and vegetation cover, the papers expand horizons and interconnections to various types of environmental dynamics from the Cainozoic up to the present; moreover, the aspect of human influence since the Late Quaternary is related to many of the areas studied.Volume 31 presents four comprehensive papers on long- and short-term processes of landscape evolution (geological history, neotectonics and proxy Quaternary alluvia), as well as a recent regional perspective on environmental problems in Southern Cameroon. The book acts as a showcase for successful North-South cooperation and capacity building for empowering African Universities. It is problem oriented and applied, and illustrates how scientific and interdisciplinaTable of ContentsForeword - Jürgen RungeContributors1. Scientific Background and Capacity Building in the Framework of German – Cameroonian Research Project on Long- and Short-Term Landscape Dynamics - Jürgen Runge2. Geological and Tectonic History of Western Central Africa since the Palaeozoic - Boniface Kankeu, Jean Bassahak, Joseph V. Hell & Jürgen Runge3. Geomorphic Evolution of the Nyong and Ntem River Basins in Southern Cameroon considering Neo-Tectonic Influences - Joachim Eisenberg4. Late Quaternary Palaeoenvironments in Southern Cameroon as Evidenced by Alluvial Sediments from the Tropical Rain Forest and Savanna Domain - Mark Sangen5. Challenges of Climate Change, Landscape Dynamics and Environmental Risks in Cameroon - Mesmin Tchindjang, Joseph A. Amougou, Samuel A. Abossolo & Stanislas B. BellRegional IndexSubject Index
£147.25
Elsevier Science Landscape Evolution of ContinentalScale River
Book SynopsisTable of Contents1. Origin and significance of Bell River concept 2. Bell River delta in Saglek basin of Labrador Sea 3. Three main Bell River tributaries in Canada 4. Bell River headwaters in Montana – paleo-Missouri and paleo-Yellowstone rivers 5. Bell River captures Colorado Plateau and Great Basin drainage 6. Incision of early Grand Canyon 7. Destruction of Bell River 8. Amazon River Analog and implications for other continental-scale river systems 9. Conclusions
£107.10
Elsevier Science Early Continent Evolution of the North China
Book Synopsis
£99.90
Woodhead Publishing Geotechnical Interpretations in Field Practice
Book Synopsis
£130.50
Elsevier Science Regional Geology and Tectonics
Book SynopsisTable of ContentsSection 1 Cratonic Basins1.1 Principles of Cratonic Basins1.2 Case Studies of Cratonic basins on Pre-Cambrian Basement1.3 Case Studies of Cratonic/composite basins on Paleozoic basement Section Section 2 Rift systems2.1 Principles of Rift Systems2.2 Case Studies of Active and Cenozoic rifts2.3 Case Studies of Mesozoic and older rifts Section Section 3 Passive margins3.1 Principles of Passive Margins3.2 Non-volcanic margins3.3 Volcanic Margins3.4 Case Studies of Passive Margin Basins
£112.50
John Wiley and Sons Ltd The Blue Planet Binder Ready Version An
Book Synopsis
£133.90
John Wiley and Sons Ltd Basin Analysis
Book SynopsisThe most complete reference in its field, this new edition of the leading basin analysis textbook retains the successful structure of previous editions, emphasizing relatively simple theory and models to give students a firm quantitative understanding of the topic.Table of ContentsCompanion website details x Preface to the third edition xi Part 1 The foundations of sedimentary basins 1 1 Basins in their geodynamic environment 3 Summary 3 1.1 Introduction and rationale 3 1.2 Compositional zonation of the Earth 6 1.2.1 Oceanic crust 6 1.2.2 Continental crust 7 1.2.3 Mantle 8 1.3 Rheological zonation of the Earth 8 1.3.1 Lithosphere 8 1.3.2 Sub-lithospheric mantle 10 1.4 Geodynamic background 10 1.4.1 Plate tectonics, seismicity and deformation 10 1.4.2 The geoid 12 1.4.3 Topography and isostasy 14 1.4.4 Heat flow 14 1.4.5 Cycles of plate reorganisation 15 1.5 Classification schemes of sedimentary basins 15 1.5.1 Basin-forming mechanisms 16 2 The physical state of the lithosphere 20 Summary 20 2.1 Stress and strain 21 2.1.1 Stresses in the lithosphere 21 2.1.2 Strain in the lithosphere 23 2.1.3 Linear elasticity 25 2.1.4 Flexure in two dimensions 27 2.1.5 Flexural isostasy 28 2.1.6 Effects of temperature and pressure on rock density 29 2.2 Heat flow 31 2.2.1 Fundamentals 31 2.2.2 The geotherm 31 2.2.3 Radiogenic heat production 33 2.2.4 Effect of erosion and sediment blanketing on the geotherm 36 2.2.5 Transient effects of erosion and deposition on the continental geotherm 37 2.2.6 Effect of variable thermal conductivity 38 2.2.7 Time-dependent heat conduction: the case of cooling oceanic lithosphere 39 2.2.8 Convection, the adiabat and mantle viscosity 41 2.3 Rock rheology and lithospheric strength profiles 43 2.3.1 Fundamentals on constitutive laws 43 2.3.2 Rheology of the mantle 44 2.3.3 Rheology of the continental crust 46 2.3.4 Strength profiles of the lithosphere 47 Part 2 The mechanics of sedimentary basin formation 51 3 Basins due to lithospheric stretching 53 Summary 53 3.1 Introduction 54 3.1.1 Basins of the rift–drift suite 54 3.1.2 Models of continental extension 54 3.2 Geological and geophysical observations in regions of continental extension 56 3.2.1 Cratonic basins 56 3.2.2 Rifts 60 3.2.3 Failed rifts 67 3.2.4 Continental rim basins 67 3.2.5 Proto-oceanic troughs 68 3.2.6 Passive continental margins 70 3.3 Uniform stretching of the continental lithosphere 72 3.3.1 The ‘reference’ uniform stretching model 72 3.3.2 Uniform stretching at passive continental margins 76 3.4 Modifications to the uniform stretching model 78 3.4.1 Protracted periods of rifting 78 3.4.2 Non-uniform (depth-dependent) stretching 80 3.4.3 Pure versus simple shear 83 3.4.4 Elevated asthenospheric temperatures 84 3.4.5 Magmatic activity 84 3.4.6 Induced mantle convection 85 3.4.7 Radiogenic heat production 86 3.4.8 Flexural compensation 86 3.4.9 The depth of necking 86 3.4.10 Phase changes 87 3.5 A dynamical approach to lithospheric extension 88 3.5.1 Generalities 88 3.5.2 Forces on the continental lithosphere 90 3.5.3 Rheology of the continental lithosphere 92 3.5.4 Numerical and analogue experiments on strain rate during continental extension 93 3.6 Estimation of the stretch factor and strain rate history 95 3.6.1 Estimation of the stretch factor from thermal subsidence history 95 3.6.2 Estimation of the stretch factor from crustal thickness changes 95 3.6.3 Estimation of the stretch factor from forward tectonostratigraphic modelling 96 3.6.4 Inversion of strain rate history from subsidence data 97 3.6.5 Multiple phases of rifting 97 4 Basins due to flexure 98 Summary 98 4.1 Basic observations in regions of lithospheric flexure 99 4.1.1 Ice cap growth and melting 99 4.1.2 Oceanic seamount chains 100 4.1.3 Flexure beneath sediment loads 101 4.1.4 Ocean trenches 103 4.1.5 Mountain ranges, fold-thrust belts and foreland basins 104 4.2 Flexure of the lithosphere: geometry of the defl ection 104 4.2.1 Deflection of a continuous plate under a point load (2D) or line load (3D) 104 4.2.2 Deflection of a broken plate under a line load 106 4.2.3 Deflection of a continuous plate under a distributed load 107 4.2.4 Bending stresses 108 4.3 Flexural rigidity of oceanic and continental lithosphere 109 4.3.1 Controls on the fl exural rigidity of oceanic lithosphere 109 4.3.2 Flexure of the continental lithosphere 111 4.4 Lithospheric buckling and in-plane stress 116 4.4.1 Theory: linear elasticity 116 4.4.2 Lithospheric buckling in nature and in numerical experiments 117 4.4.3 Origin of intraplate stresses 118 4.5 Orogenic wedges 118 4.5.1 Introduction to basins at convergent boundaries 118 4.5.2 The velocity fi eld at sites of plate convergence 120 4.5.3 Critical taper theory 120 4.5.4 Double vergence 125 4.5.5 Analogue models 127 4.5.6 Numerical approaches to orogenic wedge development 128 4.5.7 Low Péclet number intracontinental orogens 130 4.5.8 Horizontal in-plane forces during convergent orogenesis 130 4.6 Foreland basin systems 131 4.6.1 Introduction 131 4.6.2 Depositional zones 132 4.6.3 Diffusive models of mountain belt erosion and basin deposition 135 4.6.4 Coupled tectonic-erosion dynamical models of orogenic wedges 138 4.6.5 Modelling aspects of foreland basin stratigraphy 144 5 Effects of mantle dynamics 153 Summary 153 5.1 Fundamentals and observations 154 5.1.1 Introduction: mantle dynamics and plate tectonics 154 5.1.2 Buoyancy and scaling relationships: introductory theory 155 5.1.3 Flow patterns in the mantle 156 5.1.4 Seismic tomography 159 5.1.5 Plate mode versus plume mode 159 5.1.6 The geoid 162 5.2 Surface topography and bathymetry produced by mantle flow 164 5.2.1 Introduction: dynamic topography and buoyancy 164 5.2.2 Dynamic topography associated with subducting slabs 167 5.2.3 Dynamic topography associated with supercontinental assembly and dispersal 170 5.2.4 Dynamic topography associated with small-scale convection 173 5.2.5 Pulsing plumes 175 5.2.6 Hotspots, coldspots and wetspots 176 5.3 Mantle dynamics and magmatic activity 178 5.3.1 Melt generation during continental extension 179 5.3.2 Large igneous provinces 180 5.3.3 The northern North Atlantic and the Iceland plume 180 5.3.4 The Afar region, Ethiopia 180 5.4 Mantle dynamics and basin development 181 5.4.1 Topography, denudation and river drainage 181 5.4.2 Cratonic basins 183 5.4.3 The history of sea-level change and the fl ooding of continental interiors 183 6 Basins associated with strike-slip deformation 188 Summary 188 6.1 Overview 189 6.1.1 Geological, geomorphological and geophysical observations 189 6.1.2 Diversity of basins in strike-slip zones 193 6.2 The structural pattern of strike-slip fault systems 194 6.2.1 Structural features of the principal displacement zone (PDZ) 194 6.2.2 Role of oversteps 200 6.3 Basins in strike-slip zones 201 6.3.1 Geometric properties of pull-apart basins 201 6.3.2 Kinematic models for pull-apart basins 203 6.3.3 Continuum development from a releasing bend: evolutionary sequence of a pull-apart basin 206 6.3.4 Strike-slip deformation and pull-apart basins in obliquely convergent orogens 207 6.4 Modelling of pull-apart basins 209 6.4.1 Numerical models 209 6.4.2 Sandbox experiments: pure strike-slip versus transtension 215 6.4.3 Application of model of uniform extension to pull-apart basins 215 6.4.4 Pull-apart basin formation and thin-skinned tectonics: the Vienna Basin 216 6.5 Characteristic depositional systems 217 Part 3 The sedimentary basin-fill 223 7 The sediment routing system 225 Summary 225 7.1 The sediment routing system in basin analysis 226 7.2 The erosional engine 227 7.2.1 Weathering and the regolith 227 7.2.2 Terrestrial sediment and solute yields 233 7.2.3 BQART equations 243 7.2.4 Chemical weathering and global biogeochemical cycles 246 7.3 Measurements of erosion rates 246 7.3.1 Rock uplift, exhumation and surface uplift 246 7.3.2 Point-wise erosion rates from thermochronometers 247 7.3.3 Catchment-scale erosion rates from cosmogenic radionuclides 248 7.3.4 Catchment erosion rates using low-temperature thermochronometers 251 7.3.5 Erosion rates at different temporal and spatial scales 254 7.4 Channel-hillslope processes 256 7.4.1 Modelling hillslopes 256 7.4.2 Bedrock river incision 259 7.5 Long-range sediment transport and deposition 260 7.5.1 Principles of long-range sediment transport 260 7.5.2 Sediment transport in marine segments of the sediment routing system 263 7.5.3 Depositional sinks: sediment storage 265 7.5.4 Downstream fining 271 7.6 Joined-up thinking: teleconnections in source-to-sink systems 273 7.6.1 Provenance and tracers; detrital thermochronology 273 7.6.2 Mapping of the sediment routing system fairway 275 7.6.3 Landscape evolution models and response times 275 7.6.4 Interaction of axial and longitudinal drainage 282 8 Basin stratigraphy 284 Summary 284 8.1 A primer on process stratigraphy 285 8.1.1 Introduction 285 8.1.2 Accommodation, sediment supply and sea level 285 8.1.3 Simple 1D forward models from fi rst principles 286 8.2 Stratigraphic cycles: defi nition and recognition 289 8.2.1 The hierarchy from beds to megasequences 289 8.2.2 Forcing mechanisms 299 8.2.3 Unforced cyclicity 306 8.3 Dynamical approaches to stratigraphy 308 8.3.1 Carbonate stratigraphy 308 8.3.2 Siliciclastic stratigraphy 308 8.3.3 Shelf-edge and shoreline trajectories; clinoform progradation 310 8.4 Landscapes into rock 315 8.4.1 Stratigraphic completeness 315 8.4.2 Gating models 318 8.4.3 Hierarchies and upscaling 322 8.4.4 Magnitude-frequency relationships 324 9 Subsidence history 326 Summary 326 9.1 Introduction to subsidence analysis 327 9.2 Compressibility and compaction of porous sediments: fundamentals 327 9.2.1 Effective stress 328 9.2.2 Overpressure 328 9.3 Porosity and permeability of sediments and sedimentary rocks 330 9.3.1 Measurements of porosity in the subsurface 331 9.3.2 Porosity-depth relationships 333 9.3.3 Porosity and layer thicknesses during burial 334 9.4 Subsidence history and backstripping 335 9.4.1 Backstripping techniques 335 9.5 Tectonic subsidence signatures 339 10 Thermal history 343 Summary 343 10.1 Introduction 344 10.2 Theory: the Arrhenius equation and maturation indices 344 10.3 Factors influencing temperatures and paleotemperatures in sedimentary basins 345 10.3.1 Effects of thermal conductivity 345 10.3.2 Effects of internal heat generation in sediments 347 10.3.3 Effects of sedimentation rate and sediment blanketing 348 10.3.4 Effects of advective heat transport by fluids 349 10.3.5 Effects of surface temperature changes 349 10.3.6 Heat flow around salt domes 350 10.3.7 Heat flow around fractures 351 10.3.8 Heat flows around sills, dykes and underplates 351 10.3.9 Thermal effects of delamination 354 10.4 Measurements of thermal maturity in sedimentary basins 354 10.4.1 Estimation of formation temperature from borehole measurements 355 10.4.2 Organic indicators 355 10.4.3 Low-temperature thermochronometers 358 10.4.4 Mineralogical and geochemical indices 360 10.5 Application of thermal maturity measurements 361 10.5.1 Vitrinite refl ectance (Ro) profi les 361 10.5.2 Fission track age-depth relationships 366 10.5.3 Quartz cementation 366 10.6 Geothermal and paleogeothermal signatures of basin types 367 Part 4 Application to petroleum play assessment 371 11 Building blocks of the petroleum play 373 Summary 373 11.1 From basin analysis to play concept 374 11.2 The petroleum system and play concept 374 11.2.1 Play defi nition 374 11.2.2 The petroleum system 375 11.2.3 Definition and mapping of the play fairway 376 11.3 The source rock 379 11.3.1 The biological origin of petroleum 380 11.3.2 Source rock prediction 384 11.3.3 Detection and measurement of source rocks 391 11.4 The petroleum charge 393 11.4.1 Some chemical and physical properties of petroleum 393 11.4.2 Petroleum generation 395 11.4.3 Primary migration: expulsion from the source rock 396 11.4.4 Secondary migration: through carrier bed to trap 398 11.4.5 Alteration of petroleum 401 11.4.6 Tertiary migration: leakage to surface 402 11.5 The reservoir 402 11.5.1 Introduction 403 11.5.2 Reservoir properties: porosity and permeability 404 11.5.3 Primary or depositional factors affecting reservoir quality 404 11.5.4 Diagenetic changes to reservoir rocks 406 11.5.5 Reservoir architecture and heterogeneity 408 11.5.6 Carbonate reservoir quality in relation to sea-level change 410 11.5.7 Models for clay mineral early diagenesis in sandstone reservoirs 413 11.5.8 Fractures 413 11.6 The regional topseal 415 11.6.1 The mechanics of sealing 416 11.6.2 Factors affecting caprock effectiveness 416 11.6.3 The depositional settings of caprocks 417 11.7 The trap 419 11.7.1 Introduction: trap classification 419 11.7.2 Structural traps 420 11.7.3 Stratigraphic traps 430 11.7.4 Intrusive traps: injectites 432 11.7.5 Hydrodynamic traps 433 11.7.6 Timing of trap formation 433 11.8 Global distribution of petroleum resources 434 12 Classic and unconventional plays 436 Summary 436 12.1 Classic petroleum plays 437 12.1.1 Introduction 437 12.1.2 Niger Delta 437 12.1.3 Campos Basin, Brazil 439 12.1.4 Santos Basin pre-salt play, Brazil 440 12.1.5 Northwest Shelf, Australia (Dampier sub-basin) 441 12.2 Unconventional petroleum plays 442 12.2.1 Introduction 442 12.2.2 Tight gas 443 12.2.3 Shale gas 444 12.2.4 Coal seam gas 445 12.2.5 Gas hydrates 445 12.2.6 Oil sands and heavy oil 446 12.3 Geosequestration: an emerging application 449 Appendices: derivations and practical exercises 455 1 Rock density as a function of depth 457 2 Airy isostatic balance 459 3 Deviatoric stress at the edge of a continental block 461 4 Lateral buoyancy forces in the lithosphere 463 5 Derivation of flexural rigidity and the general flexure equation 465 6 Flexural isostasy 468 7 The 1D heat conduction equation 470 8 Derivation of the continental geotherm 472 9 Radiogenic heat production 473 10 Surface heat fl ow and the radiogenic contribution 475 11 Radiogenic heat production of various rock types 477 12 Effects of erosion and deposition on the geotherm 479 13 Effects of variable radiogenic heating and thermal conductivity on the geotherm in the basin-fill 481 14 The mantle adiabat and peridotite solidus 485 15 Lithospheric strength envelopes 487 16 Rift zones: strain rate, extension velocity and bulk strain 490 17 The ‘reference’ uniform extension model 492 18 Boundary conditions for lithospheric stretching 494 19 Subsidence as a function of the stretch factor 496 20 Inversion of the stretch factor from thermal subsidence data 497 21 Calculation of the instantaneous syn-rift subsidence 499 22 The transient temperature solution 501 23 Heat flow during uniform stretching using a Fourier series 503 24 The stretch factor for extension along crustal faults 505 25 Protracted rifting times during continental extension 507 26 Lithospheric extension and melting 508 27 Igneous underplating – an isostatic balance 509 28 Uniform stretching at passive margins 510 29 Flexure of continuous and broken plates 511 30 The time scale of fl exural isostatic rebound or subsidence 513 31 Flexural rigidity derived from uplifted lake paleoshorelines 515 32 Deflection under a distributed load – Jordan (1981) solution 516 33 Deflection under a distributed load – numerical solution of Wangen (2010) 517 34 Deflection under a periodic distributed load 519 35 Flexural unloading from a distributed load – the cantilever effect 520 36 Bending from multiple loads: the Hellenides and Apennines in central Italy–Albania 522 37 Flexural profiles, subsidence history and the flexural forebulge unconformity 524 38 Bending stresses in an elastic plate 525 39 In-plane forces and surface topography during orogenesis 527 40 The onset of convection 529 41 A global predictor for sediment discharge: the BQART equations 530 42 Modelling hillslopes 532 43 The sediment continuity (Exner) equation 534 44 Use of the stream power rule 535 45 Effects of tectonic uplift on stream longitudinal profiles 537 46 Estimation of the uplift rate from an area-slope analysis 539 47 Uplift history from stream profiles characterised by knickpoint migration 540 48 Sediment deposition using the heat equation 541 49 Axial versus transverse drainage 542 50 Downstream fining of gravel 545 51 Sinusoidal eustatic change superimposed on background tectonic subsidence 546 52 Isostatic effects of absolute sea-level change 547 53 Sea-level change resulting from sedimentation 548 54 The consolidation line 549 55 Relation between porosity and permeability – the Kozeny-Carman relationship 550 56 Decompaction 551 57 Backstripping 555 58 From decompaction to thermal history 556 59 Advective heat transport by fl uids 562 60 Heat flow in fractured rock 563 References 564 Index 603
£52.16
John Wiley & Sons Inc The Atmosphere and Ocean
Book SynopsisThe Atmosphere and Ocean is a fully revised and updated student friendly physical introduction to the atmosphere and ocean. Now in its Third Edition, the book continues to provide students with an accessible description of the atmosphere and ocean with emphasis on their physical properties and inter-dependence.Trade Review“This book is commendable for attempting such an approach to educate a new generation of scientists armed with a unifying view of the ocean and atmosphere. It is a unique book for those who seek knowledge of not only ocean or atmosphere but also their commonality, distinction, and interaction.” (Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 1 November 2012) "I highly recommend the comprehensive and readily understandable book The Atmosphere and Ocean: A Physical Introduction, 3rd Edition by Neil C. Wells, to any advanced undergraduate students in meteorology, climatology, oceanography, and earth sciences. The book is valuable as well as to any business leaders and public policy makers seeking an approachable book on the topic of the interdependency between the ocean and atmosphere. This book is an excellent and accessible textbook on the topic and should be given priority for anyone interested in learning and understanding the principles of the interrelationship between the planet's atmosphere and its ocean." (Blog Business World, 26 February 2012) Table of ContentsSeries Foreword ix Preface to the Third Edition xi 1 The Earth within the Solar System 1 1.1 The Sun and its constancy 1 1.2 Orbital variations in solar radiation 4 1.3 Radiative equilibrium temperature 8 1.4 Thermal inertia of the atmosphere 10 1.5 Albedo 14 1.6 The topography of the Earth’s surface 18 2 Composition and Physical Properties of the Ocean and Atmosphere 25 2.1 Evolution of the atmosphere and ocean 25 2.2 Present-day composition of sea water 29 2.3 Introduction to gases and liquids 31 2.4 Hydrostatic equilibrium 39 2.5 Adiabatic changes and potential temperature 41 2.6 Vertical stability of the ocean and atmosphere 46 3 Radiation, Temperature and Stability 53 3.1 Vertical variation of atmospheric constituents 53 3.2 The attenuation of solar radiation 58 3.3 Absorption of planetary radiation 65 3.4 Vertical temperature profile and its relation to radiation 67 3.5 The absorption of solar radiation in the ocean 75 3.6 Diurnal and seasonal temperature cycles in the ocean 78 4 Water in the Atmosphere 83 4.1 Introduction 83 4.2 The moist atmosphere 84 4.3 Measurement and observation of water vapour 86 4.4 Stability in a moist atmosphere 88 4.5 Processes of precipitation and evaporation: The formation of clouds 94 4.6 Macroscopic processes in cloud formation 106 5 Global Budgets of Heat, Water and Salt 111 5.1 The measurement of heat budgets at the surface 111 5.2 Observations of surface heat fluxes and budgets 117 5.3 The measurement of the water budget 126 5.4 Observations of the water budget 127 5.5 The salt budget of the ocean 131 5.6 Temperature and salinity relationships in the ocean 134 5.7 Tracers in the ocean 141 6 Observations of Winds and Currents 147 6.1 Measurement of winds and currents 147 6.2 Scales of motion in the atmosphere and ocean 159 6.3 Time averaged circulation 164 6.4 Time-dependent motion 175 7 The Influence of the Earth’s Rotation on Fluid Motion 181 7.1 An introduction to the Earth’s rotation 181 7.2 Inertial motion 184 7.3 Pressure gradients and geostrophic motion 187 7.4 Vorticity and circulation 197 7.5 The atmosphere and ocean boundary layers 206 7.6 Equatorial winds and currents 210 8 Waves and Tides 219 8.1 The spectrum of surface waves 219 8.2 Wind waves and swell 223 8.3 Long waves 230 8.4 Internal waves 234 8.5 Ocean tides 237 8.6 Storm surges 244 8.7 Atmospheric waves and tides 249 9 Energy Transfer in the Ocean-Atmosphere System 253 9.1 Modes of energy in the ocean–atmosphere system 253 9.2 The kinetic energy of the atmosphere and ocean 259 9.3 Mechanisms of kinetic energy transfer 262 9.4 General circulation of the atmosphere 271 9.5 General circulation of the ocean 277 10 Mathematical Modelling of the Ocean and Atmosphere 283 10.1 Introduction 283 10.2 Scientific modelling: A simple model of the surface layer of the ocean 284 10.3 A dynamical model of the ocean surface layer 288 10.4 Numerical solutions of mathematical models 291 10.5 Numerical solutions for momentum on a rotating Earth 293 10.6 Atmospheric and climate general circulation models 295 10.7 Global ocean models 301 10.8 Observations of the ocean and atmosphere 305 11 Atmosphere-Ocean Interaction 315 11.1 Air-sea interaction: An introduction 315 11.2 Seasonal anomalies of the ocean-land-atmosphere system 322 11.3 Interannual fluctuations in the ocean-atmosphere system 326 11.4 Decadal variations in the ocean-atmosphere system 332 12 Climate Change 337 12.1 Past climate observations 337 12.2 Mechanisms of climate change 341 12.3 Current climate change 346 12.4 Understanding recent climate change 350 12.5 Predicting future climate 351 Problems 353 Glossary 369 General Reading 377 Further Reading and References 379 Figure Sources 385 Appendices A Standard International (SI) Units 391 B SI Unit Prefixes 391 Index 393
£49.46
John Wiley & Sons Inc Groundwater Hydrology
Book SynopsisGroundwater is a vital source of water throughout the world. As the number of groundwater investigations increase, it is important to understand how to develop comprehensive quantified conceptual models and appreciate the basis of analytical solutions or numerical methods of modelling groundwater flow. Groundwater Hydrology: Conceptual and Computational Models describes advances in both conceptual and numerical modelling. It gives insights into the interpretation of field information, the development of conceptual models, the use of computational models based on analytical and numerical techniques, the assessment of the adequacy of models, and the use of computational models for predictive purposes. It focuses on the study of groundwater flow problems and a thorough analysis of real practical field case studies. It is divided into three parts: * Part I deals with the basic principles, including a summary of mathematical descriptions of groundwater flow, recharge estimTrade Review"...well written and structured...a comprehensive and thorough reference source...highly recommended for anyone in the business..." (Circulation - N'ltr of British Hydrological Soc, Feb 2004) "...delighted to have this book on my shelf and it is already becoming well thumbed...no hesitation in recommending it..." (Geoscientist, May 2004) "The information and techniques presented in this book provide illuminating guidelines and application directions for practicing hydrogeologists, geohydrologists and water resource engineers." (Hydrological Sciences Journal, Feb 2005, Vol 50 (1))Table of ContentsPreface. 1. Introduction. PART I: BASIC PRINCIPLES. 2. Background to Groundwater Flow. 3. Recharge due to Precipitation or Irrigation. 4. Interaction between Surface Water and Groundwater. PART II: RADIAL FLOW. 5. Radial Flow to Pumped Boreholes – Fundamental Issues. 6. Large Diameter Wells. 7. Radial Flow where Vertical Components of Flow are Significant. 8. Practical Issues of Interpretation and Assessing Resources. PART III: REGIONAL GROUNDWATER FLOW. 9. Regional Groundwater Studies in which Transmissivity is Effectively Constant. 10. Regional Groundwater Flow in Multi-Aquifer Systems. 11. Regional Groundwater Flow with Hydraulic Conductivity Varying with Saturated Thickness. 12. Numerical Modelling Insights. Appendix: Computer Program for Two-zone Model. List of Symbols. References. Index.
£127.76
John Wiley & Sons Inc Groundwater Modeling wWS and
Book SynopsisModeling the occurrence and behaviour of groundwater is a critical aspect to any groundwater studies, whether they're being done to plan a clean-up project or in the preliminary site studies for a planned future development. This book defines what GIS is, how to perform it, and how to use GIS technology in modeling groundwater.Table of ContentsPreface. 1 Flow Modeling. 1.1 Introduction. 1.2 Areal Extent of a Model. 1.3 Hydrological Boundaries to the Model. 1.4 Compilation of Geological Information. 1.4.1 Unconsolidated Environments. 1.4.2 Consolidated Rocks. 1.4.3 Metamorphic Rocks. 1.4.4 Igneous Rocks. 1.4.5 Representation of Geological Units. 1.5 Compilation of Hydrological Information. 1.5.1 Geohydrological Parameters. 1.5.2 Boundary Conditions. 1.5.3 Stresses. 1.6 Water-Table Condition. 1.6.1 Near-Surface Aquifer Zone. 1.6.2 Sharp-Interface Approximation of the Water Table. 1.6.3 Variably Saturated Water-Table Formulation. 1.6.4 Comparison of the Sharp-Interface and Variably Saturated Formulations. 1.7 Physical Dimensions of the Model. 1.7.1 Vertical Integration of the Flow Equation. 1.7.2 Free-Surface Condition. 1.8 Model Size. 1.9 Model Discretization. 1.9.1 Finite-Difference Approximations. 1.9.2 Finite-Element Approximations. 1.9.3 Two-Space Dimensional Approximations. 1.10 Finite-Difference Approximation to the Flow Equation. 1.10.1 Model Boundary Conditions. 1.10.2 Model Initial Conditions. 1.11 Finite-Element Approximation to the Flow Equation. 1.11.1 Boundary Conditions. 1.11.2 Initial Conditions. 1.12 Parameters. 1.13 Fractured and Cavernous Media. 1.14 Model Stresses. 1.14.1 Well Discharge or Recharge. 1.14.2 Rainfall. 1.14.3 Multiple Stress Periods. 1.15 Finite-Element Mesh. 1.16 Simulation. 1.16.1 Solution Algorithm. 1.16.2 Bandwidth. 1.16.3 Running PTC. 1.17 Output. 1.18 Calibration. 1.18.1 Model Building Guidelines. 1.18.2 Model Evaluation Guidelines. 1.18.3 Additional Data-Collection and Model Development Guidelines. 1.18.4 Uncertainty-Evaluation Guidelines. 1.18.5 Some Rules of Thumb. 1.19 Production Runs. 1.20 Summary. References. 2 Transport Modeling. 2.1 Compilation of Water-Quality Information. 2.2 Physical Dimensions. 2.3 Model Size. 2.4 Transport Equation. 2.4.1 Equilibrium or Adsorption Isotherms. 2.4.2 Mass Flux. 2.4.3 Example of Retardation. 2.5 Chemical Reactions. 2.6 Model Boundary Conditions. 2.7 Finite-Element Approximation. 2.8 Boundary Conditions 2.8.1 First-Type Boundary Condition. 2.8.2 Second-Type Boundary Condition. 2.8.3 Third-Type Boundary Condition. 2.9 Initial Conditions. 2.10 Model Parameters. 2.11 Model Stresses. 2.12 Running the Model. 2.13 Output. 2.14 Calibration. 2.15 Production Runs. 2.16 Summary. References. 3 Finite-Element versus Finite-Difference Simulation. 3.1 Elementary Application. 3.1.1 Groundwater Flow. 3.1.2 Groundwater Transport. 3.2 Comparison of Methods. 3.2.1 Graphical User Interfaces. 3.2.2 Model Formulation and Implementation. 3.2.3 Groundwater Flow. 3.2.4 Groundwater Transport. 3.3 Summary. Index.
£108.86
John Wiley & Sons Inc Surveying the Courtroom
Book SynopsisAn outstanding reference that demystifies the legal process forexpert witnesses in land and natural resource disputes A vast and complex body of laws surrounds the ownership anddisposition of land resources today--so it is no wonder that landexperts who assist in land and natural resource disputes often findthemselves grappling with the challenging intricacies of the modernlegal process. This book offers a vital road map through thelabyrinth of civil laws and procedures that professionals whoassist in such cases must navigate. In Surveying the Courtroom, Second Edition, John Briscoeexplains--in plain English--all pertinent rules of evidence andprocedure. From the filing of a complaint to its resolution, heguides you through each phase of a land or natural resourcelawsuit, clearly describing the land expert''s role at each stepalong the way. He supplies numerous fascinating and instructivecase studies and vignettes to illustrate his points and to betterprepare you for Trade ReviewThere are many business and professional subjects that the modern surveyor is required to be competent in or knowledgeable about in order to be successful (let alone licensed). There are ancient and fundamental issues such as making and analyzing measurements and conducting research for boundary location. There are business issues such as new developments in software and equipment. Lastly, there are practice issues related to governmental agencies such as local land development regulations or state wetlands rules. Good training is available on all of these topics. But there is one subject in the business of land surveying that receives much press, in this magazine and others, that for which one can find little, if any training-that is, testifying in court, and the related workings of courts. Surveyors on the Witness Stand I go to court several times a year to testify either on civil matters concerning my employer's interests in land, or regarding the location of criminal matters that may have occurred in the city. I was not aware that testifying in court was included in the job description of a surveyor. The subject was never mentioned during the interview. I was greatly surprised (and ill-prepared) when I received the first in a long list of subpoenas. In order to prepare for my first time on the witness stand, I called some friends who regularly testify as part of their practices. They told me not to panic, to be thoroughly familiar with my work, and to just answer the lawyer's questions. I called the lawyer who subpoenaed me and heard roughly the same words. I took their advice and my part in the trial was over quickly, but I knew I displayed nervousness out of all proportion to the small part I played. I wished I had some training on the subject; I wish I had read John Briscoe's book. Surveying the Courtroom was written with two primary objectives in mind. First, to give the reader an acquaintance with courtroom rules and procedures for handling evidence, and the second, to show and explain how well "engineered" the legal process is for determining facts and resolutions. The author is a California attorney who seems to sincerely enjoy his work. He writes with enthusiasm and wit and displays open admiration for the capability of legal proceedings to find and solve problems. His examples are well-chosen and the sometimes humorous quotes he includes from literary figures and famous jurists keep the presentation of the technical material lively. The book may have come to your attention in the past. It was originally published by Landmark Enterprises back in the 1980s and was regarded then as a book specific to California. The author tells us in the current edition that due to a wider adoption of federal rules of evidence by more states, the book is now applicable in 40 of the 50 states. The states that do not adhere to the rules and procedures described in the book are Connecticut, Massachusetts, New York, Georgia, Pennsylvania, Kansas, Illinois, Missouri, New Jersey, and Virginia. Even though I reside and practice in one of the states that does not use federal rules, I found the book to be nonetheless useful and enlightening. Two Main Sections Surveying the Courtroom is divided into two main sections. The first is on the rules of evidence and the second is on the procedures of civil cases. The section on rules of evidence contains chapters on relevance, documentary evidence, hearsay, personal knowledge, proof, presumptions, privileges, judicial notice, and opinions. The section on civil trials has chapters on pleadings and motions, discovery, trial, and post trial proceedings. It also has appendices on depositions and certification of documents. This is an immense amount of material to be contained in a mere 200 pages. However, the author states clearly that his goal is to have surveyors become more acquainted with the courtroom, not to become experts on it. Most of us would be satisfied with just a simple understanding of the activity taking place around us. It is the general explanation of how courts and lawyers operate that makes this book so appealing to me. Its specifics may not apply to my state but the generalities do. After reading it I have a better idea of what is happening and why, and I can ask more informed questions of the lawyers on "my side." After all, I know how the city council does its business and I understand the role of various boards and commissions in land development work. Why shouldn't I have the same level of appreciation of the workings of the court? I think most licensed surveyors will find this to be a useful book to have around the office. --Professional Surveyor Magazine, May 2001 Volume 21, Number 5 (Patrick Toscano is the City Surveyor for New Britain, Connecticut, and the Book Review Editor for the magazine)Table of ContentsTHE RULES OF EVIDENCE. Relevance. Documentary Evidence. The Rule Against Hearsay, or, Perhaps, the Rules PermittingHearsay. The Rule Requiring Personal Knowledge. Of Proof and Other Burdens. Presumptions. Privileges: Must the President's Wife Tesify Also? How to Prove the Earth Is Round: The Notion of JudicialNotice. The Opinion Rule and Expert Testimony. THE PROCEDURE OF A CIVIL CASE. The Pleading and Motion Stages. The Age of Discovery. Trial. Post-Trial Proceedings in the Trial and Appellate Courts. Appendices. Table of Cases. Index. Postscript.
£75.56
John Wiley & Sons Inc Applied Contaminant Transport Modeling Second
Book SynopsisThe challenges facing groundwater scientists and engineers today demand expertise in a wide variety of disciplines-geology, hydraulics, geochemistry, geophysics, and biology.Trade Review"Introduces theory...then applies...to practical contaminant transport problems." (SciTech Book News, Vol. 26, No. 2, June 2002) "...well-written, lucid, well-structured, informative, thorough, and above all provides a good balance between theoretical rigor and practical model application...a must for a hydrogeologist's and transport specialist's bookshelf..." (Journal of Environmental Quality, Vol. 32, July-August 2003)Table of ContentsPreface. Preface to the First Edition. 1. Introduction. PART 1: CONCEPTS AND TECHNIQUES. 2. Darcy's Law and Advective Transport. 3. Dispersive Transport and Mass Transfer. 4. Transport with Chemical Reactions. 5. Mathematical Model and Analytical Solutions. 6. Simulation of Advective Transport. 7. Simulation of Advective-Dispersive Transport. 8. Simulation of Nonequilibrium Processes and Reactive Transport. PART 2: FIELD APPLICATIONS. 9. A Framework for Model Applications. 10. Building a Contaminant Transport Model. 11. Model Input Parameters. 12. Model Calibration and Sensitivity Analysis. 13. Dealing with Uncertainty. 14. Contaminant Transport Modeling: Case Studies. PART 3: ADVANCED TOPICS. 15. Simulation of Density-Dependent Flow and Transport. 16. Simulation of Flow and Transport in the Vadose Zone. 17. Optimal Management of Groundwater Quality. Appendix A: Darcy's Law and the Variable-Density Flow Equation. Appendix B: Application of Stream Functions to Groundwater Flows. Appendix C: Information on Groundwater Modeling Software. References. Index.
£158.35
Wiley-Blackwell Robust Regression and Outlier Detection
Book SynopsisThis comprehensive book provides readers with an applications--oriented introduction to robust regression and outlier detection - emphasising A"high--breakdownA" methods which can cope with a sizeable fraction of contamination. Its self--contained treatment allows readers to skip the mathematical material, which is concentrated in a few sections.Trade Review"…a wonderful book about methods of identifying outliers and then developing robust regression." (Journal of Statistical Computation and Simulation, July 2005)Table of Contents1. Introduction. 2. Simple Regression. 3. Multiple Regression. 4. The Special Case of One-Dimensional Location. 5. Algorithms. 6. Outlier Diagnostics. 7. Related Statistical Techniques. References. Table of Data Sets. Index.
£124.15
John Wiley & Sons Inc Engineering Geology
Book SynopsisUsing an engineera s perspective, it offers a concrete account of the basic facts and experiences regarding the behavior of different rock types in engineering construction. Details geological exploration techniques, stressing drilling and logging core samples.Table of ContentsChapter 1 Introduction Chapter 2 Geology Chapter 3 Geological Investigations Chapter 4 Shales, Sandstones, and Associated Rocks Chapter 5 Soluble Rocks: Limestone, Dolomite, and Evaporites Chapter 6 Plutonic Igneous Rocks Chapter 7 Volcanism and Volcanic Rocks Chapter 8 Metamorphic Rocks Chapter 9 Rock Structure and Fault Activity
£206.06
John Wiley & Sons Inc The Mapping of Geological Structures
Book SynopsisTable of ContentsAcknowledgements. Introduction. Mapping Techniques. Fold Structures. Foliations. Linear Structures. Faults and Shear Zones. Joint, Veins, and Stylolites. Polyphase Deformation. First Steps in Overall Interpretation and Analysis. References and Further Reading. Appendices.
£92.66
