Geographical information systems Books
Springer Verlag, Singapore Cyclonic Disasters and Resilience: An Empirical Study on South Asian Coastal Regions
Book SynopsisThe Bay of Bengal is prone to tropical cyclones and storm surges as a result of its location, and many of the mostly poor people living along the coastal regions of South Asia lose their lives almost every year. These disasters have been particularly devastating and have caused serious damage. During the past five decades, the low-lying coastal and offshore islands have experienced a tragic history of 50 severe cyclones and storm surges, with more than one million victims dead or missing. People accepted and waited for the next disaster as they had no alternatives. Members of the poor families who survived the disasters experienced hard times recovering from damage and the loss of their loved ones. After disasters, epidemic diseases arise in the affected areas. Many of the people in distress are also deprived of public services. Providing all sorts of assistance and emergency health preparedness are most essential to overcome such a situation. The causes of these huge casualties have been mainly: (1) the high population density of costal settlements, (2) inadequate cyclone shelters in the disaster risk areas, (3) lack of awareness of the disaster risk by the vulnerable population, (4) deterministic attitudes of people who accept disasters as “fate”, (5) houses that are weakly constructed and (6) underdeveloped central awareness programmes and weather forecast systems. This book is based on an empirical study presenting a timeline analysis of major cyclones and their impacts and consequent losses through the super-cyclones in the disaster-prone coastal regions of India, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh. This study also investigates resilience mechanisms based on early warning systems, technology applications including GIS and remote sensing, best practices, success stories and case studies that can be used for effective cyclone management and development of a resilience mechanism among coastal communities.Table of ContentsChapter 1: Conceptual and Contextual Scenario of Disaster Risk Reduction and Cyclonic Resilience Chapter 2: Major Cyclonic Disasters in India Chapter 3: The Application of Early Warning System in India Chapter 4: Major Cyclonic Disasters in Bangladesh Chapter 5: The Major Cyclonic disasters in Sri Lanka Chapter 6: Policy and Governance Strategies for Effective Cyclone Risk Management in Odisha, India: A Journey from 1999 Super Cyclone Chapter 7: Way forward and Resilience Development for Cyclone in South Asia
£98.99
John Wiley & Sons Inc Business Site Selection Location Analysis and GIS
Book SynopsisCovers the convergent use of GIS for Location Science analysis, written by two of the leading researchers in the field. Introduction to new field at juncture of two mature disciplines. Includes ArcGIS and LINGO application files and data sets which will accompany the end of chapter questions.Table of ContentsDedication. Preface & Acknowledgment. Chapter 1: Introduction. 1.0. Motivation. 1.1. History. 1.2. First Principles. 1.3. Planning context. 1.4. Role of GIS. 1.5. Summary. 1.6. Terms. 1.7. References. 1.8. Exercises. Chapter 2: GIS. 2.0 Introduction. 2.1 Data Acquisition. 2.1.1 Existing sources. 2.1.2 Semi-existing sources. 2.1.3 Surveying and airborne approaches. 2.2 Data Management. 2.2.1 Raster. 2.2.2 Vector. 2.3 Data Manipulation. 2.3.1 Conversion. 2.3.2 Aggregation. 2.3.3 Overlay. 2.3.4 Interpolation. 2.4 Data Analysis. 2.4.1 Query. 2.4.2 Proximity. 2.4.3 Centrality. 2.4.4 Service zone. 2.5 Data Display. 2.6 Summary. 2.7 Terms. 2.8 References. 2.9 Exercises. Chapter 3: Model Building Fundamentals. 3.0 Introduction. 3.1 Review of Mathematical Notation. 3.1.1 Variables. 3.1.2 Mathematical expressions. 3.1.3 Inequalities. 3.2 Formulating an Optimization Model. 3.2.1 Apple shipment. 3.2.2 Manufacturing plant location. 3.2.3 School consolidation. 3.3 Model solution. 3.3.1 Apple shipment application. 3.3.2 Manufacturing plant location application. 3.3.3 School consolidation application. 3.4 Summary. 3.5 Terms. 3.6 References. 3.7 Exercises. Chapter 4: Trade and Service Areas. 4.0 Introduction. 4.1 Problem Definition and Motivation. 4.1.1 Descriptive trade area. 4.1.2 Prescriptive service area. 4.2 Mathematical Representation. 4.2.1 Descriptive trade area. 4.2.2 Prescriptive service area. 4.3 GIScience. 4.4 Modeling Application. 4.4.1 Descriptive trade area. 4.4.2 Prescriptive service area. 4.5 Advanced Topics. 4.5.1 Spatial interaction considerations. 4.5.2 Transportation problem considerations. 4.5.3 Using trade and service area models in site selection. 4.6 Summary. 4.7 Terms and Concepts. 4.8 References. 4.9 Exercises. Chapter 5: Suitability Analysis. 5.0 Introduction. 5.1 Problem Definition and Motivation. 5.2 Suitability Assessment Process. 5.2.1 Absolute suitability. 5.2.2 Relative suitability. 5.3 GIScience. 5.3.1 Map algebra. 5.3.2 Attribute data measurement. 5.4 Model Application. 5.4.1 Absolute suitability. 5.4.2 Relative suitability. 5.5 Advanced Topics . 5.6 Summary. 5.7 Terms and Concepts. 5.8 References. 5.9 Exercises. Chapter 6: Point-Based Location . 6.0 Introduction. 6.1 Problem Definition and Motivation. 6.2 Mathematical Representation. 6.2.1 Formulating the Weber problem. 6.2.2 Iterative solution approach for the Weber problem. 6.3 GIScience. 6.3.1 Projections and coordinate systems. 6.3.2 Spherical distance. 6.3.3 Planar distance. 6.4 Modeling Application. 6.4.1 Solution using commercial software. 6.4.2 Iterative solution. 6.5 Advanced Topics. 6.5.1 Variants of planar single facility location. 6.5.2 Fallacy of the centroid . 6.5.3 Location on a sphere. 6.5.4 Continuously distributed demand. 6.6 Summary . 6.7 Terms and Concepts. 6.8 References. 6.9 Exercises. Chapter 7: Line-Based Location. 7.0 Introduction. 7.1 Motivation and Problem Definition. 7.2 Mathematical Representation. 7.2.1 Shortest path model. 7.2.3 Exact solution approach. 7.3 GIScience. 7.3.1 Defining the network. 7.4 Modeling Application. 7.4.1 Path. 7.4.2 Corridor siting in ArcGIS. 7.5 Advanced Topics. 7.5.1 Expanding the network. 7.5.2 Shortest path variants. 7.6 Summary. 7.7 Terms and Concepts. 7.8 References. 7.9 Exercises. Chapter 8: Area-Based Location. 8.0 Introduction. 8.1 Problem Definition and Motivation. 8.2 Mathematical Representation. 8.2.1 Knapsack model. 8.2.2 Threshold model. 8.2.3 Shape model. 8.3 GIScience. 8.4 Modeling Application. 8.4.1 Knapsack model application. 8.4.2 Threshold model application. 8.4.3 Shape model application. 8.5 Advanced Topics. 8.6 Summary. 8.7 Terms. 8.8 References. 8.9 Exercises. Chapter 9: Coverage. 9.0 Introduction. 9.1 Problem Definition and Motivation. 9.1.1 Complete coverage. 9.1.2 Maximal coverage. 9.2 Mathematical Representation. 9.2.1 Complete coverage. 9.2.2 Maximal coverage. 9.3 GIScience. 9.4 Modeling Application. 9.4.1 LSCP. 9.4.2 MCLP. 9.5 Advanced topics. 9.5.1 Backup coverage. 9.5.2 Service availability. 9.5.3 Spatial representation. 9.6 Summary. 9.7 Terms and concepts. 9.8 References. 9.9 Exercises. Chapter 10: Dispersion. 10.0 Introduction. 10.1 Problem Definition and Motivation. 10.2 Mathematical Representation. 10.2.1 Neighborhood restrictions. 10.2.2 Pairwise restrictions. 10.2.3 Clique restrictions. 10.3 GIScience. 10.4 Modeling Application. 10.4.1 Neighborhood restrictions. 10.4.2 Pairwise restrictions. 10.4.3 Clique restrictions. 10.5 Advanced Topics. 10.5.1 Hybrid restrictions. 10.5.2 Max-min-min dispersion. 10.6 Summary. 10.7 Terms and concepts. 10.8 References. 10.9 Exercises. Chapter 11: Location-Allocation. 11.0 Introduction. 11.1 Problem Definition and Motivation. 11.2 Mathematical Representation. 11.2.1 Heuristic solution. 11.3 GIScience. 11.4 Modeling Application. 11.5 Advanced Topics. 11.5.1 Continuous space siting. 11.5.2 Service capacities and fixed costs. 11.5.3 Accounting for uncertainty and error. 11.6 Summary. 11.7 Terms and Concepts. 11.8 References . 11.9 Exercises. Chapter 12: Conclusion. 12.0 Introduction. 12.1 Classes of Location Models. 12.2 Class Variety and Extensions. 12.3 Solution Approaches. 12.4 Final Thoughts. 12.5 References. Glossary. Index.
£107.06
John Wiley & Sons Inc Beyond Mapping
Book SynopsisThis book discusses maps as data with data structure implications; roving windows; spatial data modeling and management; assessing variability, shape, and pattern of map features; overlaying maps; cost-benefit analysis; algorithms involved in slope, distance, and connectivity; and cartographic and spatial modeling. A disk containing four-color graphics, including charts and maps, is also available. Provides a GIS glossary. Includes a list of recommended readings for each topic. Compiles international GIS instructions and presents contact details and information on each.Table of ContentsMaps as Data and Data Structure Implications. Measuring Effective Distance and Connectivity. Roving Windows: Assessment of Neighborhood Characteristics. What GIS Is and Isn't: Spatial Data Mapping, Management, Modeling,and More. Assessing Variability, Shape, and Pattern of Map Features. Overlaying Maps and Characterizing Error Propagation. Overlaying Maps and Summarizing the Results. Scoping GIS: What to Consider. Slope, Distance, and Connectivity: Their Algorithms. Cartographic and Spatial Modeling. Epilog. Appendices. Glossary. Index.
£89.06
John Wiley & Sons Inc Microwave Noncontact Motion Sensing and Analysis
Book SynopsisCompiling the authors? combined decades of experience, Microwave Noncontact Motion Sensing and Analysis sheds light on microwave noncontact vital sign detection from bench-top module to CMOS integrated microchip, covering a frequency range of over 30 GHz.Table of ContentsPreface xi 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Background, 1 1.2 Recent Progress on Microwave Noncontact Motion Sensors, 2 1.2.1 Microwave/Millimeter-Wave Interferometer and Vibrometer, 2 1.2.2 Noncontact Vital Sign Detection, 3 1.3 About This Book, 4 2 Theory of Microwave Noncontact Motion Sensors 7 2.1 Introduction to Radar, 7 2.1.1 Antennas, 8 2.1.2 Propagation and Antenna Gain, 10 2.1.3 Radio System Link and Friis Equation, 13 2.1.4 Radar Cross Section and Radar Equation, 15 2.1.5 Radar Signal-To-Noise Ratio, 16 2.1.6 Signal-Processing Basics, 17 2.2 Mechanism of Motion Sensing Radar, 18 2.2.1 Doppler Frequency Shift, 18 2.2.2 Doppler Nonlinear Phase Modulation, 19 2.2.3 Pulse Radar, 26 2.2.4 FMCW Radar, 27 2.2.5 Comparison of Different Detection Mechanisms, 29 2.3 Key Theory and Techniques of Motion Sensing Radar, 31 2.3.1 Null and Optimal Detection Point, 31 2.3.2 Complex Signal Demodulation, 33 2.3.3 Arctangent Demodulation, 34 2.3.4 Double-Sideband Transmission, 36 2.3.5 Optimal Carrier Frequency, 43 2.3.6 Sensitivity: Gain and Noise Budget, 49 3 Hardware Development of Microwave Motion Sensors 53 3.1 Radar Transceiver, 53 3.1.1 Bench-Top Radar Systems, 53 3.1.2 Board Level Radar System Integration, 61 3.1.3 Motion Sensing Radar-On-Chip Integration, 63 3.1.4 Pulse-Doppler Radar and Ultra-Wideband Technologies, 85 3.1.5 FMCW Radar, 89 3.2 Radar Transponders, 92 3.2.1 Passive Harmonic Tag, 93 3.2.2 Active Transponder for Displacement Monitoring, 95 3.3 Antenna Systems, 99 3.3.1 Phased Array Systems, 99 3.3.2 Broadband Antenna, 100 3.3.3 Helical Antenna, 103 4 Advances in Detection and Analysis Techniques 107 4.1 System Design and Optimization, 107 4.1.1 Shaking Noise Cancellation Using Sensor Node Technique, 107 4.1.2 DC-Coupled Displacement Radar, 111 4.1.3 Random Body Movement Cancellation Technique, 116 4.1.4 Nonlinear Detection of Complex Vibration Patterns, 124 4.1.5 Motion Sensing Based on Self-Injection-Locked Oscillators, 131 4.2 Numerical Methods: Ray-Tracing Model, 136 4.3 Signal Processing, 141 4.3.1 MIMO, MISO, SIMO Techniques, 141 4.3.2 Spectral Estimation Algorithms, 142 4.3.3 Joint Time–Frequency Signal Analysis, 153 5 Applications and Future Trends 157 5.1 Application Case Studies, 158 5.1.1 Assisted Living and Smart Homes, 158 5.1.2 Sleep Apnea Diagnosis, 164 5.1.3 Wireless Infant Monitor, 169 5.1.4 Measurement of Rotational Movement, 173 5.1.5 Battlefield Triage and Enemy Detection, 178 5.1.6 Earthquake and Fire Emergency Search and Rescue, 179 5.1.7 Tumor Tracking in Radiation Therapy, 180 5.1.8 Structural Health Monitoring, 185 5.2 Development of Standards and State of Acceptance, 194 5.3 Future Development Trends, 196 5.4 Microwave Industry Outlook, 202 References 203 Index 215
£99.86
John Wiley & Sons Inc Groundwater Modeling wWS and
Book SynopsisModeling the occurrence and behaviour of groundwater is a critical aspect to any groundwater studies, whether they're being done to plan a clean-up project or in the preliminary site studies for a planned future development. This book defines what GIS is, how to perform it, and how to use GIS technology in modeling groundwater.Table of ContentsPreface. 1 Flow Modeling. 1.1 Introduction. 1.2 Areal Extent of a Model. 1.3 Hydrological Boundaries to the Model. 1.4 Compilation of Geological Information. 1.4.1 Unconsolidated Environments. 1.4.2 Consolidated Rocks. 1.4.3 Metamorphic Rocks. 1.4.4 Igneous Rocks. 1.4.5 Representation of Geological Units. 1.5 Compilation of Hydrological Information. 1.5.1 Geohydrological Parameters. 1.5.2 Boundary Conditions. 1.5.3 Stresses. 1.6 Water-Table Condition. 1.6.1 Near-Surface Aquifer Zone. 1.6.2 Sharp-Interface Approximation of the Water Table. 1.6.3 Variably Saturated Water-Table Formulation. 1.6.4 Comparison of the Sharp-Interface and Variably Saturated Formulations. 1.7 Physical Dimensions of the Model. 1.7.1 Vertical Integration of the Flow Equation. 1.7.2 Free-Surface Condition. 1.8 Model Size. 1.9 Model Discretization. 1.9.1 Finite-Difference Approximations. 1.9.2 Finite-Element Approximations. 1.9.3 Two-Space Dimensional Approximations. 1.10 Finite-Difference Approximation to the Flow Equation. 1.10.1 Model Boundary Conditions. 1.10.2 Model Initial Conditions. 1.11 Finite-Element Approximation to the Flow Equation. 1.11.1 Boundary Conditions. 1.11.2 Initial Conditions. 1.12 Parameters. 1.13 Fractured and Cavernous Media. 1.14 Model Stresses. 1.14.1 Well Discharge or Recharge. 1.14.2 Rainfall. 1.14.3 Multiple Stress Periods. 1.15 Finite-Element Mesh. 1.16 Simulation. 1.16.1 Solution Algorithm. 1.16.2 Bandwidth. 1.16.3 Running PTC. 1.17 Output. 1.18 Calibration. 1.18.1 Model Building Guidelines. 1.18.2 Model Evaluation Guidelines. 1.18.3 Additional Data-Collection and Model Development Guidelines. 1.18.4 Uncertainty-Evaluation Guidelines. 1.18.5 Some Rules of Thumb. 1.19 Production Runs. 1.20 Summary. References. 2 Transport Modeling. 2.1 Compilation of Water-Quality Information. 2.2 Physical Dimensions. 2.3 Model Size. 2.4 Transport Equation. 2.4.1 Equilibrium or Adsorption Isotherms. 2.4.2 Mass Flux. 2.4.3 Example of Retardation. 2.5 Chemical Reactions. 2.6 Model Boundary Conditions. 2.7 Finite-Element Approximation. 2.8 Boundary Conditions 2.8.1 First-Type Boundary Condition. 2.8.2 Second-Type Boundary Condition. 2.8.3 Third-Type Boundary Condition. 2.9 Initial Conditions. 2.10 Model Parameters. 2.11 Model Stresses. 2.12 Running the Model. 2.13 Output. 2.14 Calibration. 2.15 Production Runs. 2.16 Summary. References. 3 Finite-Element versus Finite-Difference Simulation. 3.1 Elementary Application. 3.1.1 Groundwater Flow. 3.1.2 Groundwater Transport. 3.2 Comparison of Methods. 3.2.1 Graphical User Interfaces. 3.2.2 Model Formulation and Implementation. 3.2.3 Groundwater Flow. 3.2.4 Groundwater Transport. 3.3 Summary. Index.
£108.86
John Wiley & Sons Inc The Design and Implementation of Geographic
Book SynopsisPresents strategies for application development, interface design, and enabling Web-based access. Includes numerous case studies and examples from the private and public sectors. Provides information on integrating legacy MIS systems and planning for future developments in database design. Trade Review"The Design & Implementation of Geographic Information Systems is an effective reality check for those looking to implement a GIS." (GIS Monitor, June 2003)Table of ContentsAcknowledgments. Chapter 1: Introduction. Who Should Read This Book. What Is a Geographic Information System? Corporate or Enterprise Geographic Information Systems. The GIS Strategic Plan. Chapter 2: Before Design: Needs Assessment and Requirements Analysis. Organizational Involvement. Need for Education, Support, and Commitment of Management ? Corporate Implementation Takes Time. Manage Users? Expectations ? No Unrealistic Promises. Needs Assessment/Requirements Analysis. Assessing the Current Users. Categorizing Users. Other Factors with Users. Applications. Evaluating Existing Data. Accuracy. Completeness. Maintenance. Software Selection. Technical Environment. Assessing Costs and Benefits. Pulling the Needs Together. Chapter 3: Designing the GIS Database Schema. Elements of a Schema. Data Dictionary. Tables and Relationships. Metadata. Chapter 4: Designing Spatial Data. C hoosing the Appropriate M ix of Data Models. Choosing a Subset of Reality. The Two Principal Data Models. Layers and Objects. Representing Geographic Features. Topologic Relationships. Types of Spatial Objects. Issues around the Third Dimension. Accuracy, Precision, and Completeness. Accuracy Concerns ? Global Positioning Systems. Differential Processing. Accuracy across Layers. Choosing a Coordinate System and Map Projection. Decimal Longitude and Latitude or Projected Data. Characteristics of Map Projections. Spanning Existing Map Projection Zones. Selection of Projection for Large Areas. Spatial Indexing. Conclusions. Chapter 5: Design Issues for Attribute Data. General Principles: Fields in Both D and G Tables. Specific Principles for G Tables. Principles for Fields in D Tables. Designing Input Elements. Design of Output Elements. Application Design. Chapter 6: Remotely Sensed Data as Background Layers and Data Sources. Aerial Photography as Backdrop Information. Capture Data as Well? Dealing with the Images. Integrating Remotely Sensed Information with GIS. Questions to Ask. Chapter 7: Implementation: Data Development and Conversion. System Configuration and Product Architecture Plan. Data Development and Conversion Plan. Capturing Digital Data. Optical Character Recognition. In-House or Out-Source Data Development of Conversion. Selecting a Vendor. Perform a Pilot Project. Chapter 8: Implementation: Selecting Hardware and Software. Software Considerations. Evaluating Software. How to Select Your Software. Hardware Concerns. Networking Issues. Types of Networks. The Capacity of the Network. Chapter 9: Designing the Organization for GIS. Ownership of Geographic Information. User Roles. Staffing the Design and Implementation Process. Where to Put the GIS. Designing the Data Flow. Chapter 10: Early Management Concerns: Interacting with the System. User Roles. Managing User Roles. Managing Desktop Interfaces. Managing World Wide Web-Based Interfaces. GIS Interaction and the Organization. A New Committee. Evaluation. Access Controls. Controlling Public Access. Managing the System ? The Maintenance Plan. Data Dissemination. GIS Data Distribution through the World Wide Web. Summary. Index.
£98.96
John Wiley & Sons Inc Linear Position Sensors
Book SynopsisMany types of linear position sensors are used in commercial, industrial, and automotive products and equipment. This book explains the theory behind the various technologies used and shows how they are implemented in practice.Table of ContentsPreface. 1. Sensor Definitions and Conventions. 1.1 Is It a Sensor or a Transducer? 1.2 Position versus Displacement. 1.3 Absolute or Incremental Reading. 1.4 Contact or Contactless Sensing and Actuation. 1.5 Linear and Angular Configurations. 1.6 Application versus Sensor Technology. 2. Specifications. 2.1 About Position Sensor Specifications. 2.2 Measuring Range. 2.3 Zero and Span. 2.4 Repeatability. 2.5 Nonlinearity. 2.6 Hysteresis. 2.7 Calibrated Accuracy. 2.8 Drift. 2.9 What Does All This about Accuracy Mean to Me? 2.10 Temperature Effects. 2.11 Response Time. 2.12 Output Types. 2.13 Shock and Vibration. 2.14 EMI/EMC. 2.15 Power Requirements. 2.16 Intrinsic Safety, Explosion Proofing, and Purging. 2.17 Reliability. 3. Resistive Sensing. 3.1 Resistive Position Transducers. 3.2 Resistance. 3.3 History of Resistive Linear Position Transducers. 3.4 Linear Position Transducer Design. 3.5 Resistive Element. 3.6 Wiper. 3.7 Linear Mechanics. 3.8 Signal Conditioning. 3.9 Advantages and Disadvantages. 3.10 Performance Specifications. 3.11 Typical Performance Specifications and Applications. 4. Capacitive Sensing. 4.1 Capacitive Position Transducers. 4.2 Capacitance. 4.3 Dielectric Constant. 4.4 History of Capacitive Sensors. 4.5 Capacitive Position Transducer Design. 4.6 Electronic Circuits for Capacitive Transducers. 4.7 Guard Electrodes. 4.8 EMI/RFI. 4.9 Typical Performance Specifications and Applications. 5. Inductive Sensing. 5.1 Inductive Position Transducers. 5.2 Inductance. 5.3 Permeability. 5.4 History of Inductive Sensors. 5.5 Inductive Position Transducer Design. 5.6 Coil. 5.7 Core. 5.8 Signal Conditioning. 5.9 Advantages. 5.10 Typical Performance Specifications and Applications. 6. The LVDT. 6.1 LVDT Position Transducers. 6.2 History of the LVDT. 6.3 LVDT Position Transducer Design. 6.4 Coils. 6.5 Core. 6.6 Carrier Frequency. 6.7 Demodulation. 6.8 Signal Conditioning. 6.9 Advantages. 6.10 Typical Performance Specifications and Applications. 7. The Hall Effect. 7.1 Hall Effect Transducers. 7.2 The Hall Effect. 7.3 History of the Hall Effect. 7.4 Hall Effect Position Transducer Design. 7.5 Hall Effect Element. 7.6 Electronics. 7.7 Linear Arrays. 7.8 Advantages. 7.9 Typical Performance Specifications and Applications. 8. Magnetoresistive Sensing. 8.1 Magnetoresistive Transducers. 8.2 Magnetoresistance. 8.3 History of Magnetoresistive Sensors. 8.4 Magnetoresistive Position Transducer Design. 8.5 Magnetoresistive Element. 8.6 Linear Arrays. 8.7 Electronics. 8.8 Advantages. 8.9 Typical Performance Specifications and Applications. 9. Magnetostrictive Sensing. 9.1 Magnetostrictive Transducers. 9.2 Magnetostriction. 9.3 History of Magnetostrictive Sensors. 9.4 Magnetostrictive Position Transducer Design. 9.5 Waveguide. 9.6 Position Magnet. 9.7 Pickup Devices. 9.8 Damp. 9.9 Electronics. 9.10 Advantages. 9.11 Typical Performance Specifications. 9.12 Application. 10. Encoders. 10.1 Linear Encoders. 10.2 History of Encoders. 10.3 Construction. 10.4 Absolute versus Incremental Encoders. 10.5 Optical Encoders. 10.6 Magnetic Encoders. 10.7 Quadrature. 10.8 Binary versus Gray Code. 10.9 Electronics. 10.10 Advantages. 10.11 Typical Performance Specification and Applications. References. Index.
£110.66
John Wiley & Sons Inc Geographically Weighted Regression
Book SynopsisGeographical Weighted Regression (GWR) is a new local modellingtechnique for analysing spatial analysis. This technique allowslocal as opposed to global models of relationships to be measuredand mapped. This is the first and only book on this technique,offering comprehensive coverage on this new ''hot'' topic in spatialanalysis. * Provides step-by-step examples of how to use the GWR model usingdata sets and examples on issues such as house price determinants,educational attainment levels and school performance statistics * Contains a broad discussion of and basic concepts on GWR throughto ideas on statistical inference for GWR models * uniquely features accompanying author-written software thatallows users to undertake sophisticated and complex forms of GWRwithin a user-friendly, Windows-based, front-end (see book fordetails).Trade Review"...this excellent volume..." (Geomatics World, July/August 2003)Table of ContentsAcknowledgements.Local Statistics and Local Models for Spatial Data. Geographically Weighted Regression: The Basics. Extensions to the Basic GWR Model. Statistical Inference and Geographically Weighted Regression. GWR and Spatial Autocorrelation. Scale Issues and Geographically Weighted Regression. Geographically Weighted Local Statistics. Extensions of Geographically Weighting. Software for Geographically Weighted Regression. Epilogue. Bibliography.Index.
£115.16
John Wiley & Sons Inc GeoBusiness
Book SynopsisExploit the advantages of Geographic Information Systems in your business Once the domain of cartographers and other specialists, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are increasingly being employed by the business community. Location-based services, supply chain management, management of field-distributed equipment, geographical marketing and promotion, and the spatial web are some of the current business applications which make use of GIS principles. Written specifically for the businessperson, Geo-Business: GIS in the Digital Organization is the first book to provide comprehensive coverage of GIS applications in the business and organizational environment. Going beyond a strictly geographical focus, this book sets GIS in the context of business information systems and other business sub-disciplines such as logistics, marketing, finance, and strategic management. It presents from an organizational perspective the advantages of spatially enabling existing enteTrade Review"This book is both an introduction to the field for IS people and a reference work that will be consulted as GIS problems and applications are encountered. The author is one of the few information systems people who have worked on GIS at both the practical and research levels over many years. Particularly useful are the references at the ends of the chapters, which point to places where a deeper understanding of each issue can be obtained. There is a lot here and all of it is useful." (Information Systems Management, June 2008) "Pick's new book, is one of the few business-oriented GIS books to be written in the last several years." (Geoplace.com; 1/18/08)Table of Contents1. GIS in the Digital Economy. 2. Information Systems and GIS. 3. Supporting Business Decisions. 4. Enterprise Applications. 5. Customer Facing GIS: Web, E-Commerce, and Mobile Solutions. 6. Spatial Systems Development. 7. The Value of Investing in GIS. 8. Managing Spatial Data. 9. Organizational and Industry Aspects. 10. Industries and Outsourcing. 11. Ethical, Legal, and Security Issues of Spatial Technologies. 12. GIS and Business Strategy.
£98.96
John Wiley & Sons Inc Geographical Information Systems Principles
Book SynopsisPraise for the Second Edition: A tour de force. Anyone seeking a combined primer and state-of-the-art summary on almost any facet of current geographical information systems (GIS) will find it here. --International Journal of Geographical Information Science Stands as a definitive reference to GIS . . . a thorough and up-to-date overview of the subject. --Australian Geographical Studies Remains the single-most valuable source for the dedicated GIS scholar and practitioner. --Annals of the Association of American Geographers Conveys the continuing excitement that exists in GIS, the multitude of perspectives, issues, and solutions. --Transactions in GIS Since the publication of the First Edition of Geographical Information Systems in 1991, the Big Book of GIS has become the definitive work on the science, application, and practice of GIS. This new Abridged Second Edition of Geographical Information S
£94.46
John Wiley & Sons Inc Artificial Intelligence in Geography
Book SynopsisThis unique work introduces the basic principles of artificial intelligence with applications in geographical teaching and research, GIS, and planning. Written in an accessible, non-technical and witty style, this book marks the beginning of the Al revolution in geography with major implications for teaching and research.Table of ContentsArtificial Intelligence and Geography. A Brief History of Artificial Intelligence. Heuristic Search in Geography. Expert Systems and Intelligent Knowledge-based Systems. Neurocomputing. Applying Artificial Neural Networks. Evolutionary Computation, Genetic Algorithms, Evolution Strategiesand Genetic Programming. Artificial Life. Fuzzy Logic, Fuzzy Systems and Soft Computing. Conclusions and Epilogue. Index.
£221.36
John Wiley & Sons Inc Earth Observation Data Policy
Book SynopsisA critical issue which is fundamentally affecting the development of the Earth Observation sector is not so much the technology but the data policy. The conditions which govern access to the data, distribution of the data and the price of the data are now vital to the exploitation of this important environmental data resource.Table of ContentsInfluencing Factors. Existing Policies and Policy Making Processes. Physical Access to Earth Observation Data. Data Protection. Data Pricing Policy. Data Preservation. Conclusions and Recommendations. Appendix. References. Index.
£207.86
The University of Alabama Press Remote Sensing in Archaeology An Explicitly North American Perspective
Book SynopsisNASA is composed of a vast and varied network of scientists across the academic spectrum involved in research and development programs that have wide application on planet Earth. This book, using case studies, reveals how the broad application of remote sensing and geophysical techniques is altering the usual conduct of dirt archaeology.
£35.06
John Wiley and Sons Ltd Image Processing and GIS for Remote Sensing
Book SynopsisFollowing the successful publication of the 1st edition in 2009, the 2nd edition maintains its aim to provide an application-driven package of essential techniques in image processing and GIS, together with case studies for demonstration and guidance in remote sensing applications.Table of ContentsOverview of the book xi Part I Image processing 1 Digital image and display 3 1.1 What is a digital image? 3 1.2 Digital image display 4 1.3 Some key points 8 1.4 Questions 8 2 Point operations (contrast enhancement) 9 2.1 Histogram modification and lookup table 9 2.2 Linear contrast enhancement (LCE) 11 2.2.1 Derivation of a linear function from two points 12 2.3 Logarithmic and exponential contrast enhancement 13 2.4 Histogram equalisation (HE) 14 2.5 Histogram matching (HM) and Gaussian stretch 15 2.6 Balance contrast enhancement technique (BCET) 16 2.7 Clipping in contrast enhancement 18 2.8 Tips for interactive contrast enhancement 18 2.9 Questions 19 3 Algebraic operations (multi‐image point operations) 21 3.1 Image addition 21 3.2 Image subtraction (differencing) 22 3.3 Image multiplication 22 3.4 Image division (ratio) 22 3.5 Index derivation and supervised enhancement 26 3.6 Standardization and logarithmic residual 29 3.7 Simulated reflectance 29 3.8 Summary 33 3.9 Questions 34 4 Filtering and neighbourhood processing 35 4.1 FT: Understanding filtering in image frequency 35 4.2 Concepts of convolution for image filtering 37 4.3 Low pass filters (smoothing) 38 4.4 High pass filters (edge enhancement) 42 4.5 Local contrast enhancement 45 4.6 FFT selective and adaptive filtering 46 4.7 Summary 52 4.8 Questions 52 5 RGB‐IHS transformation 55 5.1 Colour co‐ordinate transformation 55 5.2 IHS de‐correlation stretch 57 5.3 Direct de‐correlation stretch technique 58 5.4 Hue RGB colour composites 60 5.5 Derivation of RGB‐IHS and IHS‐RGB transformation based on 3D geometry of the RGB colour cube 63 5.6 Mathematical proof of DDS and its properties 65 5.7 Summary 67 5.8 Questions 67 6 Image fusion techniques 69 6.1 RGB‐IHS transformation as a tool for data fusion 69 6.2 Brovey transform (intensity modulation) 71 6.3 Smoothing filter‐based intensity modulation 71 6.4 Summary 75 6.5 Questions 75 7 Principal component analysis 77 7.1 Principle of the PCA 77 7.2 PC images and PC colour composition 79 7.3 Selective PCA for PC colour composition 82 7.4 De‐correlation stretch 84 7.5 Physical property orientated coordinate transformation and tasselled cap transformation 85 7.6 Statistical methods for band selection 87 7.7 Remarks 88 7.8 Questions 89 8 Image classification 91 8.1 Approaches of statistical classification 91 8.2 Unsupervised classification (iterative clustering) 92 8.3 Supervised classification 96 8.4 Decision rules: Dissimilarity functions 97 8.5 Post‐classification processing: Smoothing and accuracy assessment 98 8.6 Summary 101 8.7 Questions 101 9 Image geometric operations 103 9.1 Image geometric deformation 103 9.2 Polynomial deformation model and image warping co‐registration 106 9.3 GCP selection and automation of image co‐registration 109 9.3.1 Manual and semi‐automatic GCP 9.4 Summary 110 9.5 Questions 110 10 Introduction to interferometric synthetic aperture radar technique 113 10.1 The principle of a radar interferometer 113 10.2 Radar interferogram and DEM 115 10.3 Differential InSAR and deformation measurement 117 10.4 Multi‐temporal coherence image and random change detection 119 10.5 Spatial de‐correlation and ratio coherence technique 121 10.6 Fringe smoothing filter 123 10.7 Summary 124 10.8 Questions 125 11 Sub‐pixel technology and its applications 127 11.1 Phase correlation algorithm 127 11.2 PC scanning for pixel‐wise disparity estimation 132 11.3 Pixel‐wise image co‐registration 134 11.4 Very narrow‐baseline stereo matching and 3D data generation 139 11.5 Ground motion/deformation detection and estimation 143 11.6 Summary 146 Part II Geographical information systems 12 Geographical information systems 151 12.1 Introduction 151 12.2 Software tools 152 12.3 GIS, cartography and thematic mapping 152 12.4 Standards, inter‐operability and metadata 153 12.5 GIS and the internet 154 13 Data models and structures 155 13.1 Introducing spatial data in representing geographic features 155 13.2 How are spatial data different from other digital data? 155 13.3 Attributes and measurement scales 156 13.4 Fundamental data structures 156 13.5 Raster data 157 13.6 Vector data 161 13.7 Data conversion between models and structures 171 13.8 Summary 174 13.9 Questions 175 14 Defining a coordinate space 177 14.1 Introduction 177 14.2 Datums and projections 177 14.3 How coordinate information is stored and accessed 188 14.4 Selecting appropriate coordinate systems 189 14.5 Questions 189 15 Operations 191 15.1 Introducing operations on spatial data 191 15.2 Map algebra concepts 192 15.3 Local operations 194 15.4 Neighbourhood operations 199 15.5 Vector equivalents to raster map algebra 206 15.6 Automating GIS functions 209 15.7 Summary 209 15.8 Questions 210 16 Extracting information from point data: Geostatistics 211 16.1 Introduction 211 16.2 Understanding the data 211 16.2.1 Histograms 212 16.3 Interpolation 214 16.4 Summary 224 16.5 Questions 225 17 Representing and exploiting surfaces 227 17.1 Introduction 227 17.2 Sources and uses of surface data 227 17.3 Visualising surfaces 230 17.4 Extracting surface parameters 236 17.5 Summary 245 17.6 Questions 246 18 Decision support and uncertainty 247 18.1 Introduction 247 18.2 Decision support 247 18.3 Uncertainty 248 18.4 Risk and hazard 250 18.5 Dealing with uncertainty in GIS‐based spatial analysis 250 18.6 Summary 254 18.7 Questions 255 19 Complex problems and multi‐criterion evaluation 257 19.1 Introduction 257 19.2 Different approaches and models 258 19.3 Evaluation criteria 259 19.4 Deriving weighting coefficients 260 19.5 Multi‐criterion combination methods 263 19.6 Summary 272 19.7 Questions 272 Part III Remote sensing applications 20 Image processing and GIS operation strategy 275 20.1 General image processing strategy 276 20.2 Remote sensing‐based GIS projects: From images to thematic mapping 284 20.3 An example of thematic mapping based on optimal visualisation and interpretation of multi‐spectral satellite imagery 284 20.4 Summary 292 21 Thematic teaching case studies in SE Spain 293 21.1 Thematic information extraction (1): Gypsum natural outcrop mapping and quarry change assessment 293 21.2 Thematic information extraction (2): Spectral enhancement and mineral mapping of epithermal gold alteration and iron‐ore deposits in ferroan dolomite 299 21.3 Remote sensing and GIS: Evaluating vegetation and landuse change in the Nijar Basin, SE Spain 308 21.4 Applied remote sensing and GIS: A combined interpretive tool for regional tectonics, drainage and water resources in the Andarax basin 318 22 Research case studies 335 22.1 Vegetation change in the Three Parallel Rivers region, Yunnan Province, China 335 22.2 GIS modelling of earthquake damage zones using satellite imagery and digital elevation model (DEM) data 345 22.3 Predicting landslides using fuzzy geohazard mapping: An example from Piemonte, north‐west Italy 369 22.4 Land surface change detection in a desert area in Algeria using multi‐temporal ERS SAR coherence images 380 23 Industrial case studies 389 23.1 Multi‐criteria assessment of mineral prospectivity in SE Greenland 389 23.2 Water resource exploration in Somalia 405 Part IV Summary 24 Concluding remarks 419 24.1 Image processing 419 24.2 Geographic Information Systems 422 24.3 Final remarks 425 Appendix A Imaging sensor systems and remote sensing satellites 427 A.1 Multi‐spectral sensing 427 A.2 Broadband multi‐spectral sensors 431 A.2.1 Digital camera 431 A.2.2 Across‐track mechanical scanner 432 A.2.3 Along‐track push‐broom scanner 433 A.3 Thermal sensing and TIR sensors 434 A.4 Hyperspectral sensors (imaging spectrometers) 434 A.5 Passive microwave sensors 436 A.6 Active sensing: SAR imaging systems 437 Appendix B Online resources for information, software and data 441 B.1 Software – proprietary, low cost and free (shareware) 441 B.2 Information and technical information on standards, best practice, formats, techniques and various publications 441 B.3 Data sources including online satellite imagery from major suppliers, DEM data plus GIS maps and data of all kinds 442 References 443 Index 451
£72.15
John Wiley and Sons Ltd Urban Remote Sensing
Book SynopsisUrban Remote Sensing The second edition of Urban Remote Sensing is a state-of-the-art review of the latest progress in the subject. The text examines how evolving innovations in remote sensing allow to deliver the critical information on cities in a timely and cost-effective way to support various urban management activities and the scientific research on urban morphology, socio-environmental dynamics, and sustainability. Chapters are written by leading scholars from a variety of disciplines including remote sensing, GIS, geography, urban planning, environmental science, and sustainability science, with case studies predominately drawn from North America and Europe. A review of the essential and emerging research areas in urban remote sensing including sensors, techniques, and applications, especially some critical issues that are shifting thedirections in urban remote sensing research. Illustrated in full color throughout, including numerous relevaTable of ContentsList of Contributors ix Authors Biography xv Preface xxvii Part I Introduction 1 Progress in Urban Remote Sensing: An Overview 3 Xiaojun Yang Part II Sensors and Systems for Urban Areas 2 Examining Urban Built-up Volume: Three-Dimensional Analyses with Lidar and Radar Data 17 Adam J. Mathews and Son V. Nghiem 3 Opportunities and Challenges of Unmanned Aircraft Systems for Urban Applications 47 Feilin Lai, Austin Bush, Xiaojun Yang, and David Merrick 4 Methods of Social Sensing for Urban Studies 71 Yu Liu, Song Gao, Yihong Yuan, Fan Zhang, Chaogui Kang, Yuhao Kang, and Keli Wang 5 Urban Remote Sensing Using Ground-Based Street View Images 91 Xiaojiang Li 6 Spatial Distribution of City Tweets and Their Densities 115 Bin Jiang, Ding Ma, Junjun Yin, and Mats Sandberg 7 Integrating Remote Sensing and Social Sensing to Examine Socioeconomic Dynamics: A Case Study of Twitter and Nighttime Light Imagery 131 Guofeng Cao and Naizhuo Zhao Part III Algorithms and Techniques for Urban Attribute Extraction 8 Deep Learning for Urban and Landscape Mapping from Remotely Sensed Imagery 153 Feilin Lai, Atharva Sharma, Xiuwen Liu, and Xiaojun Yang 9 Google Earth Engine Advancing Urban Land Change Science 175 Le Wang, Dameng Yin, Jinyan Tian, and Ying Lu 10 Use of Image Endmember Libraries for Multi-Sensor, Multi-Scale, and Multi-Site Mapping of Urban Areas 189 Frank Canters, Sam Cooper, Jeroen Degerickx, Uta Heiden, Marianne Jilge, Akpona Okujeni, Frederik Priem, Ben Somers, and Sebastian van der Linden 11 Satellite Monitoring of Urbanization and Environmental Impacts in Stockholm, Sweden, Through a Multiscale Approach 217 Dorothy Furberg and Yifang Ban Part IV Urban Socioeconomic Applications 12 Global Monitoring with the Atlas of Urban Expansion 247 Alejandro Blei and Shlomo Angel 13 Effect of Image Classification Accuracy on Dasymetric Population Estimation 283 Jacob McKee and Eric Weber 14 Mapping the Morphology of Urban Deprivation: The Role of Remote Sensing for Developing a Global Slum Repository 305 Monika Kuffer, Taïs Grippa, Claudio Persello, Hannes Taubenböck, Karin Pfeffer, and Richard Sliuzas 15 The City is the Medium and Satellite Imagery Are a Prism: Conceptualizing Urban Conflict Damage Monitoring with Multitemporal Remote Sensing Data 325 Jamon Van Den Hoek Part V Urban Environmental Applications 16 US Cities in the Dark: Mapping Man-Made Carbon Dioxide Emissions Over the Contiguous US Using NASA’s Black Marble Nighttime Lights Product 337 Tomohiro Oda, Miguel O. Román, Zhuosen Wang, Eleanor C. Stokes, Qingsong Sun, Ranjay M. Shrestha, Sha Feng, Thomas Lauvaux, Rostyslav Bun, Shamil Maksyutov, Srija Chakraborty, Ian Paynter, and Virginia L. Kalb 17 Thermal Infrared Imaging of the Urban Landscape to Understand Urban Microclimate 369 Jinxin Yang, Massimo Menenti, Man S. Wong, Zhifeng Wu, Xiaoying Ouyang, Yong Xu, and Sawaid Abbas 18 Monitoring Air Pollution in the Urban Environment by Remote Sensing 391 Alexandra A. Chudnovsky 19 Characterizing After-Rain Standing Waters in Urban Built Environments Through a Multilevel Image Analysis 423 Tzai-Hung Wen, Hao-Yu Liao, Kai-Ling Yang, and Tzu-Hsin Karen Chen 20 Remote Sensing and Urban Green Infrastructure: A Synthesis of Current Applications and New Advances 447 Yanhua Chen, Giovanni Sanesi, Xun Li, Wendy Y. Chen, and Raffaele Lafortezza 21 Remote Sensing for Urban Sustainability Research and Sustainable Development Goals: Green Space, Public Recreation Space, and Urban Climate 469 Arthur Lehner and Thomas Blaschke Index 495
£114.26
John Wiley & Sons Inc Sensing Technologies for Real Time Monitoring of
Book SynopsisSensing Technologies for Real Time Monitoring of Water Quality A comprehensive guide to the development and application of smart sensing technologies for water quality monitoring With contributions from a panel of experts on the topic, Sensing Technologies for Real Time Monitoring of Water Quality offers an authoritative resource that explores a complete set of sensing technologies designed to monitor, in real-time, water quality including agriculture. The contributing authors explore the fundamentals of sensing technologies and review the most recent advances of various materials and sensors for water quality??monitoring. This comprehensive resource includes information on a range of designs of smart electronics, communication systems, packaging, and innovative implementation approaches used for remote monitoring of water quality in various atmospheres. The book explores a variety of techniques for online water quality monitoring including internet of Things (IoT), communication systTable of ContentsAbout the Editors xiii List of Contributors xv Preface xix Section I Materials and Sensors Development Including Case Study 1 1 Smart Sensors for Monitoring pH, Dissolved Oxygen, Electrical Conductivity, and Temperature in Water 3 Kiranmai Uppuluri 1.1 Introduction 3 1.2 Water Quality Parameters and Their Importance 4 1.2.1 Impact of pH on Water Quality 4 1.2.2 Impact of Dissolved Oxygen on Water Quality 5 1.2.3 Impact of Electrical Conductivity on Water Quality 5 1.2.4 Impact of Temperature on Water Quality 5 1.3 Water Quality Sensors 6 1.3.1 pH 7 1.3.1.1 pH Sensors: Principles, Materials, and Designs 7 1.3.1.2 Glass Electrode 7 1.3.1.3 Solid- State Ion- Selective Electrodes 8 1.3.1.4 Metal Oxide pH Sensors 8 1.3.2 Dissolved Oxygen 10 1.3.2.1 DO Sensors: Principles, Materials, and Designs 10 1.3.2.2 Chemical Sensors 10 1.3.2.3 Electrochemical Sensors 11 1.3.2.4 Optical or Photochemical Sensors 12 1.3.3 Electrical Conductivity 13 1.3.3.1 Conductivity Sensors: Principles, Materials, and Designs 13 1.3.4 Temperature 15 1.3.4.1 Temperature Sensors: Principles, Materials, and Designs 16 1.3.4.2 Thermocouples 17 1.3.4.3 Resistance Temperature Detector 17 1.3.4.4 Thermistor 17 1.3.4.5 Integrated Circuit 18 1.4 Smart Sensors 18 1.5 Conclusion 18 Acknowledgment 19 References 19 2 Dissolved Heavy Metal Ions Monitoring Sensors for Water Quality Analysis 25 Tarun Narayan, Pierre Lovera, and Alan O’Riordan 2.1 Introduction 25 2.2 Sources and Effects of Heavy Metals 26 2.3 Detection Techniques 26 2.3.1 Analytical Detection: Conventional Detection Techniques of Heavy Metals 26 2.3.2 Electrochemical Detection Techniques of Heavy Metals 26 2.3.2.1 Nanomaterial- Modified Electrodes 29 2.3.2.2 Metal Nanoparticle- Based Modification 29 2.3.2.3 Metal Oxide Nanoparticle- Based Modification 33 2.3.2.4 Carbon Nanomaterials- Based Modification 34 2.3.3 Biomolecules Modification for Heavy Metal Detection 35 2.3.3.1 Antibody- Based Detection 35 2.3.3.2 Nucleic Acid- Based Detection 37 2.3.3.3 Cell- Based Sensor 38 2.4 Future Direction 40 2.5 Conclusions 40 Acknowledgment 41 References 42 3 Ammonia, Nitrate, and Urea Sensors in Aquatic Environments 51 Fabiane Fantinelli Franco 3.1 Introduction 51 3.2 Detection Techniques for Ammonia, Nitrate, and Urea in Water 53 3.2.1 Spectrophotometry 53 3.2.2 Fluorometry 54 3.2.3 Electrochemical Sensors 54 3.3 Ammonia 59 3.3.1 Ammonia in Aquatic Environments 59 3.3.2 Ammonia Detection Techniques 62 3.4 Nitrate 65 3.4.1 Nitrate in Aquatic Environments 65 3.4.2 Nitrate Detection Techniques 65 3.5 Urea 67 3.5.1 Urea in Aquatic Environment 67 3.5.2 Urea Detection Techniques 69 3.6 Conclusion and Future Perspectives 71 Acknowledgment 71 References 71 4 Monitoring of Pesticides Presence in Aqueous Environment 77 Yuqing Yang, Pierre Lovera, and Alan O’Riordan 4.1 Introduction: Background on Pesticides 77 4.1.1 Types and Properties 77 4.1.2 Risks 78 4.1.3 Regulation and Legislation 79 4.1.4 Occurrence of Pesticide Exceedance 80 4.2 Current Pesticides Detection Methods 80 4.2.1 Detection of Pesticides Based on Electrochemical Methods 82 4.2.1.1 Brief Overview of Electrochemical Methods 82 4.2.1.2 Detection of Pesticides by Electrochemistry 82 4.2.2 Detection of Pesticides Based on Optical Methods 83 4.2.2.1 Detection of Pesticides Based on Fluorescence 87 4.2.3 Detection of Pesticides Based on Raman Spectroscopy 89 4.2.3.1 Introduction to SERS 89 4.2.3.2 Fabrication of SERS Substrates 91 4.2.3.3 Detection of Pesticide by SERS 92 4.2.3.4 Challenges and Future Perspectives 95 4.3 Conclusion 96 Acknowledgment 96 References 96 5 Waterborne Bacteria Detection Based on Electrochemical Transducer 107 Nasrin Razmi, Magnus Willander, and Omer Nur 5.1 Introduction 107 5.2 Typical Waterborne Pathogens 108 5.3 Traditional Diagnostic Tools 108 5.4 Biosensors for Bacteria Detection in Water 110 5.4.1 Common Bioreceptors for Electrochemical Sensing of Foodborne and Waterborne Pathogenic Bacteria 110 5.4.1.1 Antibodies 111 5.4.1.2 Enzymes 111 5.4.1.3 DNA and Aptamers 111 5.4.1.4 Phages 112 5.4.1.5 Cell and Molecularly Imprinted Polymers 112 5.4.2 Nanomaterials for Electrochemical Sensing of Waterborne Pathogenic Bacteria 112 5.4.2.1 Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles 113 5.4.2.2 Conducting Polymeric Nanoparticles 114 5.4.2.3 Carbon Nanomaterials 114 5.4.2.4 Silica Nanoparticles 114 5.5 Various Electrochemical Biosensors Available for Pathogenic Bacteria Detection in Water 115 5.5.1 Amperometric Detection 115 5.5.2 Impedimetric Detection 121 5.5.3 Conductometric Detection 123 5.5.4 Potentiometric Detection 124 5.6 Conclusion and Future Prospective 126 Acknowledgment 127 References 127 6 Zinc Oxide- Based Miniature Sensor Networks for Continuous Monitoring of Aqueous pH in Smart Agriculture 139 Akshaya Kumar Aliyana, Aiswarya Baburaj, Naveen Kumar S. K., and Renny Edwin Fernandez 6.1 Introduction 139 6.2 Metal Oxide- Based Sensors and Detection Methods 140 6.3 pH Sensor Fabrication 141 6.3.1 Detection of pH: Materials and Method 141 6.3.2 Detection of pH: Surface Morphology of the Nanostructured ZnO and IDEs 144 6.3.3 Detection of pH: Electrochemical Sensing Performance 145 6.3.4 Detection of Real- Time pH Level in Smart Agriculture: Wireless Sensor Networks and Embedded System 149 6.4 Conclusion 151 Acknowledgment 152 References 152 Section II Readout Electronic and Packaging 161 7 Integration and Packaging for Water Monitoring Systems 163 Muhammad Hassan Malik and Ali Roshanghias 7.1 Introduction 163 7.2 Advanced Water Quality Monitoring Systems 167 7.2.1 Multi- sensing on a Single Chip 167 7.2.2 Heterogeneous Integration 169 7.2.3 Case Study: MoboSens 169 7.3 Basics of Packaging 171 7.4 Hybrid Flexible Packaging 173 7.4.1 Interconnects 174 7.4.2 Thin Die Embedding 176 7.4.3 Encapsulation and Hermeticity 178 7.4.4 Roll to Roll Assembly 180 7.5 Conclusion 181 References 181 8 A Survey on Transmit and Receive Circuits in Underwater Communication for Sensor Nodes 185 Noushin Ghaderi and Leandro Lorenzelli 8.1 Introduction 185 8.2 Sensor Networks in an Underwater Environment 186 8.2.1 Acoustic Sensor Network 186 8.2.1.1 Energy Sink- Hole Problem 187 8.2.1.2 Acoustic Sensor Design Problems 188 8.2.1.3 The Underwater Transducer 189 8.2.1.4 Amplifier Design 190 8.2.1.5 Analog- to- Digital Converter 194 8.2.2 Electromagnetic (EM) Waves Underwater Sensors 197 8.2.2.1 Antenna Design 198 8.2.2.2 Multipath Propagation 198 8.3 Conclusion 199 Acknowledgment 199 References 200 Section III Sensing Data Assessment and Deployment Including Extreme Environment and Advanced Pollutants 203 9 An Introduction to Microplastics, and Its Sampling Processes and Assessment Techniques 205 Bappa Mitra, Andrea Adami, Ravinder Dahiya, and Leandro Lorenzelli 9.1 Introduction 205 9.1.1 Properties of Microplastics 208 9.1.2 Microplastics in Food Chain 209 9.1.3 Human Consumption of Microplastics and Possible Health Effects 209 9.1.4 Overview 210 9.2 Microplastic Sampling Tools 212 9.2.1 Non- Discrete Sampling Devices 212 9.2.1.1 Nets 212 9.2.1.2 Pump Tools 213 9.2.2 Discrete Sampling Devices 215 9.2.3 Surface Microlayer Sampling Devices 215 9.3 Microplastics Separation 215 9.3.1 Separating Microplastics from Liquid Samples 215 9.3.1.1 Filtration 215 9.3.1.2 Sieving 216 9.3.2 Separating Microplastics from Sediments 218 9.3.2.1 Density Separation 218 9.3.2.2 Elutriation 218 9.3.2.3 Froth Floatation 219 9.4 Microplastic Sample Digestion Process 220 9.4.1 Acidic Digestion 221 9.4.2 Alkaline Digestion 221 9.4.3 Oxidizing Digestion 221 9.4.4 Enzymatic Degradation 222 9.5 Microplastic Identification and Classification 222 9.5.1 Visual Counting 222 9.5.2 Fluorescence 223 9.5.3 Destructive Analysis 223 9.5.3.1 Thermoanalytical Methods 224 9.5.3.2 High- Performance Liquid Chromatography 225 9.5.4 Nondestructive Analysis 225 9.5.4.1 Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy 225 9.5.4.2 Raman Spectroscopy 226 9.6 Conclusions 228 Acknowledgment 229 References 229 10 Advancements in Drone Applications for Water Quality Monitoring and the Need for Multispectral and Multi- Sensor Approaches 235 Joao L. E. Simon, Robert J. W. Brewin, Peter E. Land, and Jamie D. Shutler 10.1 Introduction 235 10.2 Airborne Drones for Environmental Remote Sensing 237 10.3 Drone Multispectral Remote Sensing 239 10.4 Integrating Multiple Complementary Sensor Strategies with a Single Drone 241 10.5 Conclusion 242 Acknowledgment 243 References 243 11 Sensors for Water Quality Assessment in Extreme Environmental Conditions 253 Priyanka Ganguly 11.1 Introduction 253 11.2 Physical Parameters 255 11.2.1 Electrical Conductivity 255 11.2.2 Temperature 258 11.2.3 Pressure 260 11.3 Chemical Parameters 262 11.3.1 pH 262 11.3.2 Dissolved Oxygen and Chemical Oxygen Demand 265 11.3.3 Inorganic Content 268 11.4 Biological Parameters 271 11.5 Sensing in Extreme Water Environments 273 11.6 Discussion and Outlook 276 11.7 Conclusion 278 References 278 Section IV Sensing Data Analysis and Internet of Things with a Case Study 283 12 Toward Real- Time Water Quality Monitoring Using Wireless Sensor Networks 285 Sohail Sarang, Goran M. Stojanović, and Stevan Stankovski 12.1 Introduction 285 12.2 Water Quality Monitoring Systems 286 12.2.1 Laboratory- Based WQM (LB- WQM) 286 12.2.2 Wireless Sensor Networks- Based WQM (WSNs- WQM) 287 12.2.2.1 Solar- Powered Water Quality Monitoring 289 12.2.2.2 Battery- Powered Water Quality Monitoring 291 12.3 The Use of Industry 4.0 Technologies for Real- Time WQM 296 12.4 Conclusion 297 References 298 13 An Internet of Things- Enabled System for Monitoring Multiple Water Quality Parameters 305 Fowzia Akhter, H. R. Siddiquei, Md. E. E. Alahi, and S. C. Mukhopadhyay 13.1 Introduction 305 13.2 Water Quality Parameters and Related Sensors 306 13.3 Design and Fabrication of the Proposed Sensor 310 13.3.1 Sensor’s Working Principle 312 13.4 Experimental Process 312 13.5 Autonomous System Development 313 13.5.1 Algorithm for Data Classification 315 13.6 Experimental Results 318 13.6.1 Sensor Characterization for Temperature, pH, Nitrate, Phosphate, Calcium, and Magnesium Measurement 319 13.6.2 Repeatability 323 13.6.3 Reproducibility 325 13.6.4 Real Sample Measurement and Validation 327 13.6.5 Data Collection 330 13.6.6 Power Consumption 330 13.7 Conclusion 333 Acknowledgment 333 References 333 Index 339
£92.70
John Wiley and Sons Ltd Global Positioning System
Book Synopsis* Takes readers step--by--step through the key stages of a GPS fieldwork project. * Explains complex background topics in clear, easy--to--understand language. * Provides simple guidelines for GPS equipment selection. * Provides practical solutions for real GPS data collection issues.Trade Review"An invaluable resource for social, economic or health researchers and practitioners who want to add a geographic component to their work." (Uwe Deichmann, Development Research Group, World Bank) "This information will help users collect data at an appropriate level of accuracy in the most effcient manner. This nuts-and-bolts approach addresses such topics as training field-workers; creating equipment checklists; logistics; and safety in the field." (ArcUser, October - December 2004) "An excellent introduction and field guide on GPS for the social sciences ... The book makes a valuable addition to any reference collection on geographical research." (Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography)Table of ContentsList of Figures. List of Tables. Acknowledgements. 1. Introduction. Part I: Understanding GPS. 2. Why Use GPS?. 3. What Is GPS?. 4. Coordinate Systems And Datums. 5. GPS Considerations: Getting Started. Part II: Utilizing GPS. 6. Developing A GPS Project. 7. Project Fundamentals. 8. Fieldwork Planning And Preparations: Data And Methods. 9. Fieldwork Planning And Preparations: Field Resources. 10. Fieldwork Planning And Preparations: Data Quality And Logistics. 11. Transitioning To Fieldwork. 12. Post-Fieldwork Processing. 13. Utilizing GPS Data Within Geographic Information Systems. 14. Conclusion. References Cited. Appendix A: GPS Manufacturers. Appendix B: Sample Field Instrument. Appendix C: UTM Zones. Index.
£38.90
John Wiley and Sons Ltd Remote Sensing and Global Environmental Change
Book SynopsisThis book provides the reader a broad grounding in the science of Earth Observation (EO) of our changing planet. It contains a comprehensive sequenced discussion covering the significant themes of global change, their cause, and how they can be monitored through time.Trade Review"...the book provides a useful text and reference source for information on remote sensing of the Earth's surface for the study of global environmental change...the book's strengths include the comprehensive material presented in the chapters on remote sensing of the land, oceans and coastal regions, which are areas of expertise for the authors. For this reason alone it is a valuable addition to the bookshelf of any student of remote sensing." (Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, June 2013) “An exciting and informative book to read and a pleasure to review, this work constitutes a generalist’s dream. . . By that virtue, this book should also appeal to the informed public at large.” (Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing, 1 October 2012) "A comprehensive and accessible introduction to remote-sensing applications within the area of global environmental monitoring and should represent a welcome addition to the bookshelves of many university libraries, for undergraduate and postgraduate students, and non-specialists with an interest in applying remotely sensed data." (Rachel Gaulton, January 2013, International Journal of Remote Sensing, 34:2, 751-752) "This is an extremely valuable bock for educators and students alike, serving as a quick, high level, and accurate reference source for the basics, while offering current and solid examples of applications and results." (Demetrio Zourarakis, Photogrammatic Engineering & Remote Sensing, October 2012) “I would recommend this book to those unfamiliar with remote-sensing methods and applications and to others who want to see how these techniques can be applied to global environmental change.” (The Leading Edge, 1 May 2012) "I highly recommend the well explained and invaluable reference book Remote Sensing and Global Environmental Change by Samuel J. Purkis and Victor V. Klemas, to any students, professionals, and policy makers who are seeking a comprehensive and well presented approach to the application of remote sensing technology to global environmental change. This book will enhance and enrich your understanding of remote sensing, and of its accompanying technologies and environmental applications." (Blog Business World, 22 October 2011)Table of ContentsPreface. Acknowledgements. 1 Introduction. 1.1 Key concepts. 2 Remote sensing basics. 2.1 Electromagnetic waves. 2.2 The electromagnetic spectrum. 2.3 Reflectance and radiance. 2.4 Atmospheric effects. 2.5 Multispectral feature recognition. 2.6 Resolution requirements. 2.7 Key concepts. 3 Remote sensors and systems. 3.1 Introduction. 3.2 Remote sensors. 3.2.1 Multispectral satellite sensors. 3.2.2 Digital aerial cameras. 3.2.3 Thermal infrared sensors. 3.2.4 Radar and microwave radiometers. 3.2.5 Laser profilers. 3.3 Remote sensing platforms. 3.3.1 Airborne platforms. 3.3.2 Medium-resolution satellites. 3.3.3 High-resolution satellites. 3.3.4 Global observation satellites. 3.4 The NASA Earth observing system. 3.5 Global Earth observation systems. 3.5.1 Global Climate Observing System. 3.5.2 Global Earth Observation System of Systems. 3.5.3 Integrated Ocean Observing System. 3.6 Existing image archives. 3.7 Key concepts. 4 Digital image analysis. 4.1 Image data format. 4.2 Image pre-processing. 4.3 Image enhancement and interpretation. 4.4 Image classification. 4.5 Image band selection. 4.6 Error assessment. 4.7 Time-series analysis and change detection. 4.8 Field sampling using GPS. 4.9 Use of Geographic Information Systems. 4.10 Key concepts. 5 Monitoring changes in global vegetation cover. 5.1 EM spectrum of vegetation. 5.2 Vegetation indices. 5.3 Biophysical properties and processes of vegetation. 5.4 Classification systems. 5.5 Global vegetation and land cover mapping programmes. 5.5.1 NASA Pathfinder global monitoring project. 5.5.2 International geosphere-biosphere program. 5.5.3 Application of new satellites and radar. 5.6 Remote sensing of vegetation as a monitor for global change. CASE STUDY: Desertification in the African Sahel. CASE STUDY: Deforestation of Amazonia. 5.7 Remote sensing of wetlands change. 5.8 Fire detection. 5.9 Key concepts. 6 Remote sensing of urban environments. 6.1 Urbanization. 6.2 Urban remote sensing. 6.2.1 Three-dimensional urban model generation. 6.2.2 Stereo imaging. 6.2.3 LiDAR. 6.2.4 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR). 6.3 Microwave sensing of subsidence. 6.4 Textural metrics. 6.5 Monitoring city growth. 6.6 Assessing the ecology of cities. 6.7 Urban climatology. 6.8 Air quality and air pollution. 6.9 Climate change as a threat to urbanization. 6.10 Key concepts. 7 Surface and ground water resources. 7.1 Remote sensing of inland water quality. 7.2 Remote sensing sediment load and pollution of inland waters. 7.3 Remote sensing non-coastal flooding. 7.4 Bathymetry of inland waters. 7.5 Mapping watersheds at the regional scale. 7.6 Remote sensing of land surface moisture. 7.7 Remote sensing of groundwater. 7.8 Key concepts. 8 Coral reefs, carbon and climate. 8.1 Introduction. 8.2 The status of the world's reefs. 8.3 Remote sensing of coral reefs. 8.4 Light, corals and water. 8.4.1 Light and the water surface. 8.4.2 Light and the water body. 8.4.3 Reflectance models for optically shallow waters. 8.4.4 Reflectance signatures of reef substrata. 8.5 Passive optical sensing. 8.6 Sensor-down versus reef-up sensing. 8.7 Spectral unmixing. 8.8 Image-derived bathymetry. 8.9 LiDAR. 8.10 Sonar. 8.11 Sub-bottom acoustic profiling. 8.12 Radar applications. 8.13 Class assemblages and the minimum mapping unit. 8.14 Change detection. 8.15 Key concepts. 9 Coastal impact of storm surges and sea level rise. 9.1 Predicting and monitoring coastal flooding. 9.2 Coastal currents and waves. 9.3 Mapping beach topography. 9.4 LiDAR bathymetry. CASE STUDY: LiDAR application to modelling sea level rise at the Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge. 9.5 Key concepts. 10 Observing the oceans. 10.1 Introduction. 10.2 Ocean colour, chlorophyll and productivity. 10.3 Hazardous algal blooms and other pollutants. 10.4 Sea surface temperature. CASE STUDY: Upwelling and El Niño. 10.5 Ocean salinity. 10.6 Physical ocean features. 10.6.1 Sea surface elevation and ocean currents. 10.6.2 Sea surface winds. 10.6.3 Ocean waves. 10.6.4 Oil slicks and other surface features. 10.7 Ocean observing systems. 10.8 Marine GIS. 10.9 Key concepts. 11 Monitoring Earth's atmosphere. 11.1 The status of Earth's atmosphere. 11.2 Atmospheric remote sensing. 11.3 The 'A- Train' satellite constellation. 11.3.1 Dancing on the A- Train. 11.4 Remote sensing atmospheric temperature. 11.5 Atmospheric remote sensing of ozone. 11.6 Atmospheric remote sensing of carbon dioxide. 11.7 Remote sensing atmospheric dust. CASE STUDY: Spaceborne monitoring of African dust events. 11.8 Clouds. 11.9 Forecasting Earth's atmosphere. 11.10 Atmospheric models and reality. 11.11 Hurricanes. CASE STUDY: Hurricane Katrina. 11.12 Key concepts. 12 Observing the cryosphere. 12.1 Introduction. 12.2 The history and status of the polar ice sheets. 12.3 Ice and sea level. 12.4 Ice and climate. 12.5 Present ice loss in context. 12.6 Remote sensing of the Earth's ice sheets. 12.6.1 Passive optical and thermal remote sensing. 12.6.2 Passive microwave remote sensing. 12.6.3 Active microwave remote sensing. 12.6.4 Active optical remote sensing – ICESat. 12.7 Ice sheet mass balance. CASE STUDY: Disintegration of the Larsen and Wilkins ice shelves. 12.8 Remote sensing permafrost. 12.9 Key concepts. 13 Effective communication of global change information using remote sensing. 13.1 Global environmental change as an interdisciplinary issue. 13.2 Effective communication through accessibility of data. 14 Looking ahead: future developments. 14.1 Emerging technologies. 14.1.1 Fusion in remote sensing. 14.1.2 Hyper-spatial satellites. 14.1.3 Hyperspectral hyper-spatial satellites. 14.2 The near future. 14.3 The more distant future. 14.4 Advanced image analysis techniques. 14.5 Looking ahead at a changing Earth. References. Index.
£120.56
ISTE Ltd and John Wiley & Sons Inc QGIS and Generic Tools
Book SynopsisThese four volumes present innovative thematic applications implemented using the open source software QGIS. These are applications that use remote sensing over continental surfaces. The volumes detail applications of remote sensing over continental surfaces, with a first one discussing applications for agriculture. A second one presents applications for forest, a third presents applications for the continental hydrology, and finally the last volume details applications for environment and risk issues.Table of ContentsIntroduction ix Chapter 1. Introduction to QGIS 1 Nicolas MOYROUD and Frédéric PORTET 1.1. History 1 1.2. QGIS graphical user interface 2 1.2.1. Standard interface 2 1.2.2. Settings 3 1.2.3. Add layer 4 1.2.4. QGIS project. 5 1.2.5. Navigation 5 1.2.6. Attributes of entities 6 1.3. The processing module, the toolkit for spatial analysis 6 1.3.1. History and interest of the treatment module 6 1.3.2. Presentation of the toolbox and its algorithms 7 1.3.3. Example of an algorithm’s execution 10 1.3.4. Adding custom Python scripts 11 1.3.5. The graphic modeler 13 1.3.6. Batch processing 16 Chapter 2. Introduction to GDAL Tools in QGIS 19 Kenji OSE 2.1. GDAL: The Swiss army knife of raster processing 19 2.1.1. What is GDAL used for? 19 2.1.2. Licenses 19 2.1.3. How is GDAL used? 20 2.1.4. How GDAL works in QGIS 23 2.2. GDAL tools: Practical examples 26 2.2.1. Introduction 26 2.2.2. Useful data 27 2.2.3. Reading image metadata 29 2.2.4. Basic processing of raster files 33 2.2.5. Analysis tools 44 2.3. Bibliography 65 Chapter 3. GRASS GIS Software with QGIS 67 Bernard LACAZE, Julita DUDEK and Jérôme PICARD 3.1. Presentation 67 3.1.1. GRASS software: A modular GIS package 67 3.1.2. Vector functions (v.*) 68 3.1.3. GIS raster functions (r.*) 70 3.1.4. Imagery functions (i.* or r.*) 73 3.1.5. Temporal functions 74 3.2. GRASS GIS download and GRASS plugin in QGIS 77 3.2.1. Operating systems for GRASS GIS software 77 3.2.2. QGIS interface for GRASS GIS 77 3.3. GRASS GIS capabilities 79 3.3.1. Definition of a GRASS GIS project: Location and mapsets 79 3.3.2. Modifications of the GRASS region 80 3.3.3. Importing raster data into GRASS 81 3.3.4. Importing vector data into GRASS 83 3.3.5. Image georeferencing 84 3.3.6. Radiometric preprocessing of images 85 3.3.7. Pan-sharpening 86 3.3.8. Computation of spectral indices and biophysical parameters 86 3.3.9. Classifications and segmentation 87 3.4. Using Grass GIS functions from QGIS 89 3.4.1. Creating, opening, closing a dataset and adding a raster file 90 3.4.2. Creating, adding, editing a vector layer 95 3.4.3. Examples of image processing with QGIS-GRASS 97 3.5. Acknowledgments 106 3.6. Bibliography 106 Chapter 4. The Use of SAGA GIS Modules in QGIS 107 Paul PASSY and Sylvain THÉRY 4.1. SAGA GIS in QGIS 107 4.1.1. Development of SAGA GIS 107 4.1.2. SAGA GIS interface in QGIS 108 4.2. Using SAGA GIS to work with multispectral satellite images 111 4.2.1. Methodology 111 4.2.2. Acquisition and presentation of used data 112 4.2.3. Correction of the satellite images 112 4.2.4. Cropping the images according to the study area 115 4.2.5. Color composites and exploration of the area 116 4.2.6. Calculation of indices in order to extract vegetation and water surfaces 119 4.3. Hydrological network extraction using SAGA GIS in QGIS 131 4.3.1. Interests 131 4.3.2. DEM preprocessing 132 4.3.3. Filling sinks 135 4.3.4. Hydrographic network extraction 137 4.4. Interpolation using SAGA GIS 140 4.4.1. Principle of the interpolation 140 4.4.2. Interpolation of measures of water quality in the aquifers of the Seine basin 140 4.5. Bibliography 148 Chapter 5. Orfeo ToolBox Applications 151 Rémi CRESSON, Manuel GRIZONNET and Julien MICHEL 5.1. The Orfeo ToolBox 151 5.1.1. Introduction 151 5.1.2. History 151 5.1.3. Application features 153 5.1.4. Governance and community 153 5.1.5. C++ library 155 5.1.6. Internal mechanisms 156 5.1.7. Download and installation 158 5.2. Using OTB applications 158 5.2.1. Interface 158 5.2.2. Command line interface 161 5.2.3. Graphical user interface 164 5.2.4. Use from QGIS 165 5.2.5. Python bindings 165 5.2.6. Monteverdi 166 5.3. Exercises 167 5.3.1. Basic tools 167 5.3.2. Applications for image preprocessing 190 5.3.3. Feature extraction applications 221 5.3.4. Classification 231 5.4. Conclusion 240 5.5. Acknowledgments 240 5.6. Bibliography 240 Chapter 6. Online Publication of a Land Cover Map Using LizMap 243 Jean-Baptiste LAURENT and Louise LEROUX 6.1. Context 243 6.2. Workflow to publish a map online using LizMap 244 6.2.1. Presentation of LizMap 245 6.2.2. Main steps for publishing a map online with LizMap 246 6.3. Implementation with QGIS 247 6.3.1. Setup a QGIS project for Web 247 6.3.2. Setup a QGIS project for LizMap 248 6.3.3. Publish the map by FTP 251 6.3.4. Some tips to go further 253 6.4. Bibliography 255 Chapter 7. GeoHealth and QuickOSM, Two QGIS Plugins for Health Applications 257 Vincent HERBRETEAU, Christophe RÉVILLION and Etienne TRIMAILLE 7.1. Background on the use of GIS for health and the development of dedicated plugins in QGIS 257 7.2. Methodology 258 7.2.1. Importing data 259 7.2.2. Case geolocation 260 7.2.3. Data anonymization (“blurring”) 260 7.2.4. Creating an incidence or density map 262 7.2.5. Importing data from the OSM database 262 7.2.6. Environmental analyses 264 7.2.7. Export 265 7.3. Implementation: GeoHealth, assisted mapping with QGIS 267 7.3.1. Installation of GeoHealth and QuickOSM plugins 267 7.3.2. Datasets 268 7.3.3. Producing an incidence map with the GeoHealth plugin 268 7.3.4. “Blurring” of point data with GeoHealth and QuickOSM plugins 271 7.3.5. Example of spatial analyzes for health studies 277 7.3.6. Contribution to the OSM database using satellite images 281 7.4. Bibliography 286 List of Authors 287 Index 289 Scientific Committee 293
£125.06
ISTE Ltd and John Wiley & Sons Inc QGIS and Applications in Water and Risks
Book SynopsisOur four volumes propose to present innovative thematic applications implemented using the open source software QGIS. These are applications that use remote sensing over continental surfaces. The four volumes detail applications of remote sensing over continental surfaces, with a first one discussing applications for agriculture. A second one presents applications for forest, a third presents applications for the continental hydrology, and finally the last volume details applications for environment and risk issues.Table of ContentsIntroduction xi Chapter 1. Monitoring Coastal Bathymetry Using Multispectral Satellite Images at High Spatial Resolution 1Bertrand LUBAC 1.1. Definition, context and objective 1 1.2. Description of the methodology 3 1.2.1. Step 1: selection and preprocessing of MSI images 5 1.2.2. Step 2: calibration of the bathymetry inversion model 7 1.2.3. Step 3: preparation and application of the masks 8 1.2.4. Step 4: characterization of the morphological evolution of the main sedimentary structures 9 1.3. Practical application 10 1.3.1. Software and data 10 1.3.2. Step 1: extraction of the region of interest and preprocessing 13 1.3.3. Step 2: calculation of bathymetry 20 1.3.4. Step 3: preparation and application of masks 25 1.3.5. Step 4: characterization of the morphological evolution of the main submarine sedimentary structures 31 1.4. Bibliography 33 Chapter 2. Contribution of the Integrated Topo-bathymetric Model for Coastal Wetland Evolution: Case of Geomorphologic and Biological Evolution of Ichkeul Marshes (North Tunisia) 35Zeineb KASSOUK, Zohra LILI-CHABAANE, Benoit DEFFONTAINES, Mohammad EL HAJJ and Nicolas BAGHDADI 2.1. Coastal wetland dynamic 35 2.2. Ichkeul marshes wetland 36 2.3. Object-oriented classification method integrating the topo-bathymetric terrain model 39 2.3.1. Construction of the topo-bathymetric DTM 40 2.3.2. Image preprocessing 44 2.3.3. Segmentation 48 2.3.4. Classification 49 2.3.5. Limitations of the methodology 51 2.3.6. Case example of topo-bathymetric transect with the associated vegetation communities 51 2.3.7. Conclusion 53 2.4. From a practical point of view in QGIS 53 2.4.1. Software and data 53 2.4.2. Computation of the topo-bathymetric DTM 55 2.4.3. Image preprocessing 58 2.4.4. Segmentation 65 2.4.5. Classification 71 2.5. Bibliography 76 Chapter 3. Reservoir Hydrological Monitoring by Satellite Image Analysis 77Paul PASSY and Adrien SELLES 3.1. Context and scientific issue 77 3.1.1. Scientific issue 77 3.1.2. Physical and human context 77 3.1.3. The importance of water resources in Central India 78 3.2. Methods and data set 78 3.2.1. Methods 78 3.2.2. Data set 79 3.2.3. Data set preparation 80 3.3. Extraction and quantification of the Singur reservoir area 82 3.3.1. Calculation of the AWEI Index. 82 3.3.2. Construction of the water–land binary raster 83 3.3.3. Vectorization of the binary raster 84 3.3.4. Selection of water polygons 85 3.3.5. Calculation of the water area of the reservoir 86 3.4. Characterization of vegetation 88 3.4.1. Choosing an indicator of the state of vegetation 88 3.4.2. Calculation of the SAVI on the study area 88 3.4.3. Creating a land–water mask 89 3.4.4. Statistics of the SAVI land surface index 90 3.5. Automation of the processing chain via the construction of a QGIS model 91 3.5.1. Model setting 91 3.5.2. Construction of the chain of treatments for the extraction of the reservoir 92 3.6. Conclusions 103 3.7. Bibliography 103 Chapter 4. Network Analysis and Routing with QGIS 105Hervé PELLA and Kenji OSE 4.1. Introduction 105 4.2. General notions 105 4.2.1. Definition of a network 105 4.2.2. Network topology 106 4.2.3. Topological relationships 107 4.2.4. Graph traversal – example of the shortest path (Dijkstra) 109 4.3. Examples of development and analysis of hydrographic networks 109 4.4. Thematic analysis 111 4.4.1. Introduction 111 4.4.2. Useful data 112 4.4.3. Step 1: verification of network consistency 113 4.4.4. Step 2: routes organization 119 4.4.5. Step 3: alignment of points on a network 121 4.4.6. Step 4: network classification 123 4.4.7. Step 5: stations characterization 124 4.4.8. Step 6: distance calculation between observation points 129 4.4.9. Step 7: upstream path and drainage basins calculation 133 4.4.10. Step 8: downstream path 135 4.4.11. Step 9: calculation of availability areas 140 4.5. Bibliography 144 Chapter 5. Representation of the Drainage Network in Urban and Peri-urban Areas Using a 2D Polygonal Mesh Composed of Pseudo-convex Elements 145Pedro SANZANA, Sergio VILLAROEL, Isabelle BRAUD, Nancy HITSCHFELD, Jorge GIRONAS, Flora BRANGER, Fabrice RODRIGUEZ, Ximena VARGAS and Tomas GOMEZ 5.1. Definitions and context 145 5.1.1. General context and objectives 145 5.1.2. Derivation of input GIS layers 148 5.1.3. Identification of badly-shaped HRUs and methodology to improve the model mesh quality 149 5.2. Implementation of the TriangleQGIS module and general methodology 153 5.2.1. Used technologies 153 5.2.2. Context and general methodology 153 5.2.3. Structure of the QGIS plugin 155 5.2.4. Basic used library: MeshPy 156 5.2.5. Installation of the plugin in Windows 156 5.2.6. Installation of the virtual box, QGIS plugin and Geo-PUMMA 160 5.3. Illustration of the TriangleQGIS plugin and some Geo-PUMMA scripts 167 5.3.1. Insertion of nodes for long and thin polygons 168 5.3.2. Triangulation using the TriangleQGIS plugin 169 5.3.3. Dissolution of tirangulated elements 178 5.3.4. Effect of the model mesh improvement 181 5.4. Acknowledgments 182 5.5. Bibliography 183 Chapter 6. Mapping of Drought 185Mohammad EL HAJJ, Mehrez ZRIBI, Nicolas BAGHDADI and Michel LE PAGE 6.1. Context 185 6.2. Satellite data 186 6.2.1. MODIS products 186 6.2.2. Land cover map 187 6.3. Drought index based on satellite NDVI data 187 6.4. Methodology 188 6.4.1. Preprocessing of MOD13Q1 images (step 1) 189 6.4.2. Delimitation of drought zones (steps 2–5) 189 6.4.3. Calculate the area of agricultural, urban and forest zones affected by the drought (step 6) 190 6.5. Implementation of the application via QGIS 191 6.5.1. Download MODIS MOD13Q1 data 191 6.5.2. Preprocessing of MODIS MOD13Q1 data (step 1) 193 6.5.3. Calculate VCI index (steps 1 and 2) 195 6.5.4. Delimitation of drought zones (steps 2–5) 199 6.5.5. Calculation of agricultural, forest and urban areas affected by drought (step 6) 204 6.5.6. Visualization of results (step 7) 206 6.6. Drought map 212 6.7. Bibliography 213 Chapter 7. A Spatial Sampling Design Based on Landscape Metrics for Pest Regulation: The Millet Head Miner Case Study in the Bambey Area, Senegal 215Valérie SOTI 7.1. Definition and context 215 7.2. The spatial sampling methodology 217 7.2.1. Step 1: quantification of landscape metrics 218 7.2.2. Step 2: sampling plan production 221 7.2.3. Step 3: exportation of selected sampling sites to a GPS 223 7.3. Practical application 223 7.3.1. Software and data 223 7.3.2. Step 1: landscape variables calculation 224 7.3.3. Step 2: sampling plan production 232 7.3.4. Step 3: integrating sampling points into a GPS device 238 7.3.5. Limits of the method 241 7.4. Bibliography 242 Chapter 8. Modeling Erosion Risk Using the RUSLE Equation 245Rémi ANDREOLI 8.1. Definition and context 245 8.2. RUSLE model 246 8.2.1. Climatic factor: rainfall aggressiveness R 248 8.2.2. Topographic factor: slope length and gradient 249 8.2.3. Soil types and land cover factors 251 8.2.4. Estimation of soil losses A 254 8.2.5. Limits of the method considered 254 8.3. Implementation of the RUSLE model 255 8.3.1. Software and data 255 8.3.2. Step 1: R factor calculation 257 8.3.3. Step 2: LS factor calculation 263 8.3.4. Step 3: preparation of the K factor 274 8.3.5. Step 4: C factor creation 275 8.3.6. Step 5: soil loss A calculation from the RUSLE equation 280 8.4. Bibliography 281 List of Authors 283 Index 285 Scientific Committee 289
£125.06
Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd Handbook of Spatial Analysis in the Social
Book SynopsisProviding an authoritative assessment of the current landscape of spatial analysis in the social sciences, this cutting-edge Handbook covers the full range of standard and emerging methods across the social science domain areas in which these methods are typically applied. Accessible and comprehensive, it expertly answers the key questions regarding the dynamic intersection of spatial analysis and the social sciences. The chapters are split into insightful sections dedicated to foundational background material, methods, social science applications and the challenges on the horizon, using state-of-the-art coverage of the traditional and novel spatial methods. Leading scholars in the field use a range of applications to illustrate the diverse ways in which spatial analysis methods can inform research in the field of social sciences. Furthermore, the Handbook discusses the key challenges to that research including uncertainty, reproducibility and replicability. This Handbook of Spatial Analysis in the Social Sciences will be an excellent informative resource for scholars in the fields of geography, social sciences and public health. Established and early career researchers of the social sciences alike will appreciate the detailed overview of the methods and applications as well as the ability to expand their methodological knowledge.Trade Review‘Rey and Franklin introduce this new Handbook with an allusion to a rapidly changing landscape. And perhaps because any landscape, but especially a swiftly evolving one needs solid landmarks, this collection is a welcome addition to the literature that should appeal to any researchers in the social sciences working to learn the ropes of spatial analysis.’ -- Antonio Paez, McMaster University, Canada‘A comprehensive collection of chapters, carefully curated, spanning the current state of the art of spatial analysis in the social sciences written by established experts in the field ably accompanied by those creating the expertise of the future.’ -- Danny Dorling, Oxford University, UKTable of ContentsContents: Introduction: Spatial analysis and the social sciences in a rapidly changing landscape xi Sergio J. Rey and Rachel S. Franklin PART 1 THEORY, FRAMEWORKS AND FOUNDATIONS 1 GIScience through the looking glass 2 Barbara P. Buttenfield 2 Locating spatial data in the social sciences 16 Jonathan Reades 3 Analytical environments 36 Roger Bivand 4 Complexity 64 Li An 5 Linking spatial patterns to processes 85 Colin Robertson and Jed Long PART 2 METHODS 6 Spatial econometrics 101 Luc Anselin 7 Local modeling in a regression framework 123 Mehak Sachdeva, Taylor Oshan and A. Stewart Fotheringham 8 Simulating geographical systems using cellular automata and agent-based models 142 Alison Heppenstall, Andrew Crooks, Ed Manley and Nick Malleson 9 Microsimulation 158 Nik Lomax 10 Multilevel models 173 Richard Harris 11 Context-dependent movement analysis 187 Somayeh Dodge 12 Spatial interaction modeling 208 Taylor Oshan 13 Spatial optimization 223 Alan T. Murray 14 Cluster identification 245 Edward Helderop and Tony H. Grubesic 15 Spatial point patterns 262 Stuart Sweeney and Sophia Arabadjis 16 Spatial dynamics 277 Wei Kang 17 GeoAI in social science 291 Wenwen Li 18 Exploratory spatial data analysis 305 Ran Wei 19 Geovisualization and geovisual analysis 322 Alasdair Rae 20 Immersive virtual reality and spatial analysis 336 Trevor M. Harris 21 Spatiotemporal data mining 352 Arun Sharma, Zhe Jiang and Shashi Shekhar PART 3 APPLICATIONS 22 Neighborhood change 370 Elizabeth Delmelle 23 The spatial analysis of gentrification: Formalizing geography in models of a multidimensional urban process 384 Elijah Knaap 24 Social networks in space 400 Clio Andris and Dipto Sarkar 25 Analysing the dynamics of inter-regional inequality: The case of Canada 416 Sébastien Breau 26 Spatial approaches to energy poverty 434 Caitlin Robinson 27 The shape of bias: Understanding the relationship between compactness and bias in U.S. elections 451 Levi John Wolf 28 Space and New Urbanism 470 Emily Talen 29 Space for wellbeing 481 Victoria Houlden 30 Urban analytics: History, trajectory and critique 503 Geoff Boeing, Michael Batty, Shan Jiang and Lisa Schweitzer PART 4 EMERGING CHALLENGES AND ISSUES 31 Reproducibility and replicability in spatial science 518 Michael F. Goodchild 32 An image library: The potential of imagery in (quantitative) social sciences 528 Daniel Arribas-Bel, Francisco Rowe, Meixu Chen and Sam Comber 33 Uncertainty 544 David C. Folch Index 559
£244.00
ISTE Ltd and John Wiley & Sons Inc Geographical Information Retrieval in Textual
Book SynopsisThis book addresses the field of geographic information extraction and retrieval from textual documents. Geographic information retrieval is a rapidly emerging subject, a trend fostered by the growing power of the Internet and the emerging possibilities of data dissemination.After positioning his work in this field in Chapter 1, the author makes proposals in the following two chapters. Chapter 2 focuses on spatial and temporal information indexing and retrieval in corpora of textual documents. Propositions for both spatial and temporal information retrieval (IR) are made. Chapter 3 tackles the use of generalized spatial and temporal indexes, which are produced from there in the framework of multi-criteria IR. Geographic IR (GIR) is discussed at length, since this IR combines the criteria of spatial, temporal and thematic research.The author provides a rich bibliographical study of the current approaches focused on the modeling and retrieval of spatial and temporal information in textual documents, and similarity measures developed thus far in the literature.The book concludes with a broad perspective of the remaining scientific challenges. Several areas of research are discussed, such as integration of a domain-based ontology, modeling of spatial footprints from the interpretation of spatial relation, and parsing of relations between features deemed relevant within a document resulting from a GIR process. Contents Foreword, Christophe Claramunt.1. Access by Geographic Content to Textual Corpora: What Orientations ?2. Spatial and Temporal Information Retrieval in Textual Corpora.3. Multicriteria Information Retrieval in Textual Corpora.4. General Conclusion. About the Authors Christian Sallaberry is currently Assistant Professor at the Law, Economics and Management Faculty in Pau, France. His current research interests are in the fields of geographical information retrieval (GIR) in textual corpora: spatial, temporal and thematic information recognition, analyzing, indexing and retrieval. He is interested in spatial, temporal and thematic criteria combinations within a GIR process.Table of ContentsFOREWORD ix Christophe CLARAMUNT ACKNOWLEDGMENTS xi INTRODUCTION xiii CHAPTER 1. ACCESS BY GEOGRAPHIC CONTENT TO TEXTUAL CORPORA: WHAT ORIENTATIONS? 1 1.1. Introduction 1 1.2. Access by geographic content to textual corpora 1 1.2.1. Document retrieval and textual corpora 2 1.2.2. Textual corpora with “territorial” denotations 2 1.2.3. Access to textual content 6 1.3. Reinforcement of GIR by contributions from NLP, reasoning and multicriteria IR 7 1.4. Toward the construction of a multicriteria IR engine 9 1.4.1. Challenges, hypotheses and research objectives 10 1.4.2. Approach 11 1.4.3. Applications 13 CHAPTER 2. SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL INFORMATION RETRIEVAL IN TEXTUAL CORPORA 17 2.1. Introduction 17 2.2. Review of challenges, hypotheses and research objectives 18 2.3. Spatial and temporal information in textual documents: literature review 19 2.3.1. Geographic information in text and IR 19 2.3.2. Named entities 19 2.3.3. Modeling languages 21 2.3.4. Reasoning 24 2.3.5. Linguistic processing 26 2.3.6. GIR: systems and similarity measure models 27 2.3.7. Evaluation campaigns, corpora and resources 31 2.3.8. Summary 34 2.4. Proposition for spatial and temporal information indexing and retrieval in textual corpora 35 2.4.1. Reminder and focus on the notion of space and time in “heritage” corpora 35 2.4.2. Core spatial model and core temporal model 36 2.4.3. Spatial and temporal relations 37 2.4.4. Spatial and temporal indexing process flows: PIV prototype 39 2.4.5. Spatial and temporal IR: PIV prototype 42 2.4.6. Evaluation and discussion 45 2.5. Summary 47 2.5.1. Contributions 47 2.5.2. Perspectives 49 CHAPTER 3. MULTICRITERIA INFORMATION RETRIEVAL IN TEXTUAL CORPORA 53 3.1. Introduction 53 3.2. Review of challenges, hypotheses and research objectives 54 3.3. Standardization and combination of criteria: literature review 56 3.3.1. Criterion standardization 56 3.3.2. Combination of criteria 58 3.3.3. Summary and positioning of a partially compensatory GIR 64 3.4. Proposition for indexing by tiling and multicriteria IR in textual corpora 65 3.4.1. Standardization by tiling 65 3.4.2. Spatial and temporal IR applied to tiling: PIV2 70 3.4.3. Multicriteria IR applied to tiling: PIV3 72 3.5. Evaluation and discussion 77 3.5.1. Evaluation framework of geographic IRSs: proposal for a test collection and an experimental protocol 78 3.5.2. Evaluation of the spatial and temporal IR applied to tiling 79 3.5.3. Evaluation of the multicriteria IR applied to tiling 81 3.6. Summary 84 3.6.1. Contributions 84 3.6.2. Perspectives 86 CHAPTER 4. GENERAL CONCLUSION 87 4.1. Summary 87 4.1.1. Contributions to the access by geographic content to textual corpora 87 4.1.2. Spatial and temporal IR in texts 88 4.1.3. Multicriteria IR in texts 89 4.2. Perspectives 90 4.2.1. Intradimensional axis 92 4.2.2. Interdimensional axis 97 4.2.3. Expansion of the vocabulary for a qualitative representation of the geographic dimensions 103 BIBLIOGRAPHY 105 INDEX 123
£125.06
Whittles Publishing High Resolution Optical Satellite Imagery: 2nd
Book SynopsisThe second edition of this book has been fully updated to include information on optical sensors launched since 2012 and on new developments in technology, particularly on small satellites and on constellations. There is also a new chapter on applications which looks at how products from optical sensors are used by various organisations for the benefit of end users. Information is given on acquiring images and value added products. Examples and case studies from various disciplines and regions are included. The book is a comprehensive guide to the characteristics and use of high resolution optical images from satellite-borne sensors, concentrating on sensors designed for mapping. It considers in detail the SPOT series of satellites and sensors with a ground sample distance (GSD) of less than 15m, operational since SPOT 1 and particularly the sensors launched since 1999 with GSD of less than 1m The book explains to students, anyone working in map production and scientists working in fields other than mapping, the way in which high resolution imagery is obtained and the issues which surround its collection and use. It deals progressively with the fundamentals of mapping from imagery, followed by the key features in the design of sensors and methods of data storage and transmission, including data compression. Subsequent chapters cover the sensors, calibration, sensor models and the methods of determining the orientation elements and extracting coordinates from the images. Rigorous orientation, use of rational polynomial coefficients (RPCs) and approximate methods are covered. Results from tests showing the accuracy which can be obtained, generation of digital elevations models, their accuracy and the production of orthoimages are included, as are image processing and data fusion. Finally, future missions and the issues which face further development are discussed. High Resolution Optical Satellite Imagery is written by a team of acknowledged international experts, is the only comprehensive text on the subject and has been well received by the geospatial community.Table of ContentsIntroduction; History of Optical Sensors in Space; Principles of High Resolution Optical Sensors; Sensors with a GSD of Greater than 1 m up to 16 m; Sensors with a GSD of 1 m or less; Calibration, Sensor Models and Orientation; Processing and Products; Applications; Conclusions and Future Developments; Index
£85.50
ISTE Ltd and John Wiley & Sons Inc Fundamentals of Spatial Data Quality
Book SynopsisThis book explains the concept of spatial data quality, a key theory for minimizing the risks of data misuse in a specific decision-making context. Drawing together chapters written by authors who are specialists in their particular field, it provides both the data producer and the data user perspectives on how to evaluate the quality of vector or raster data which are both produced and used. It also covers the key concepts in this field, such as: how to describe the quality of vector or raster data; how to enhance this quality; how to evaluate and document it, using methods such as metadata; how to communicate it to users; and how to relate it with the decision-making process. Also included is a Foreword written by Professor Michael F. Goodchild.Table of ContentsForeword. Introduction. Chapter 1. Development in the Treatment of Spatial Data Quality (Nicholas Chrisman). Chapter 2. Spatial Data Quality: Concepts (Rodolphe Devillers and Robert Jeansoulin). Chapter 3. Approaches to Uncertainty in Spatial Data (Peter Fisher, Alexis Comber and Richard Wadsworth). Chapter 4. Quality of Raster Data (Serge Riazanoff and Richard Santer). Chapter 5. Understanding the Nature and Magnitude of Uncertainty in Geopolitical and Interpretative Choropleth Maps (Kim Lowell). Chapter 6. The Impact of Positional Accuracy on the Computation of Cost Functions (Alfred Stein and Pepijn Van Oort). Chapter 7. Reasoning Methods for Handling Uncertain Information in Land Cover Mapping (Alexis Comber, Richard Wadsworth and Peter Fisher). Chapter 8. Vector Data Quality: A Data Provider’s Perspective (Jenny Harding). Chapter 9. Spatial Integrity Constraints: A Tool for Improving the Internal Quality of Spatial Data (Sylvain Vallières, Jean Brodeur and Daniel Pilon). Chapter 10. Quality Components, Standards and Metadata, Sylvie Servigne (Nicolas Lesage and Thérèse Libourel). Chapter 11. Spatial Data Quality Assessment and Documentation (Jean-François Hangouët). Chapter 12. Communication and Use of Spatial Data Quality Information in GIS (Rodolphe Devillers and Kate Beard). Chapter 13. External Quality Evaluation of Geographical Applications: An Ontological Approach (Bérengère Vasseur, Robert Jeansoulin, Rodolphe Devillers and Andrew Frank). Chapter 14. A Case Study in the Use of Risk Management to Assess Decision Quality (Gary Hunter and Sytze De Bruin). Chapter 15. On the Importance of External Data Quality in Civil Law (Marc Gervais). Appendix. Quality, and Poem Alike. List of Authors. Index.
£125.06
Springer Nature Switzerland AG Springer Handbook of Atmospheric Measurements
Book SynopsisThis practical handbook provides a clearly structured, concise and comprehensive account of the huge variety of atmospheric and related measurements relevant to meteorologists and for the purpose of weather forecasting and climate research, but also to the practitioner in the wider field of environmental physics and ecology. The Springer Handbook of Atmospheric Measurements is divided into six parts: The first part offers instructive descriptions of the basics of atmospheric measurements and the multitude of their influencing factors, fundamentals of quality control and standardization, as well as equations and tables of atmospheric, water, and soil quantities. The subsequent parts present classical in-situ measurements as well as remote sensing techniques from both ground-based as well as airborn or satellite-based methods. The next part focusses on complex measurements and methods that integrate different techniques to establish more holistic data. Brief discussions of measurements in soils and water, at plants, in urban and rural environments and for renewable energies demonstrate the potential of such applications. The final part provides an overview of atmospheric and ecological networks. Written by distinguished experts from academia and industry, each of the 64 chapters provides in-depth discussions of the available devices with their specifications, aspects of quality control, maintenance as well as their potential for the future. A large number of thoroughly compiled tables of physical quantities, sensors and system characteristics make this handbook a unique, universal and useful reference for the practitioner and absolutely essential for researchers, students, and technicians. Table of ContentsPart A: Basics of Atmospheric Measuring Techniques.- Introduction to Atmospheric Measurements.- Principles of Measurements.- Quality Assurance and Control.- Standardization in Atmospheric Measurements.- Physical Quantities.- Part B: In-situ Measuring Techniques.- Ground based platforms.- Temperature Sensors.- Humidity Sensors.- Wind Sensors.- Pressure Sensors.- Radiation Sensors.- Precipitation Measurements.- Visibility Sensors.- Electricity Measurements.- Radioactivity Sensors.- Gas Analysers and Laser Techniques.- Measurements of Stabile Isotopes.- Measurement of Fundamental Aerosol Physical Properies. Methods of Sampling Trace Substances in Air.- Optical Fiber-Based Distributed Sensing Methods.- Odor measurements.- Visual Observations.- Part C: Remote Sensing Techniques (Ground-Based).- Sodar and RASS.- Backscatter Lidar for Aerosol and Cloud Profiling.- Raman Lidar for Water-Vapor and Temperature Profiling.- Doppler Wind Lidar.- Spectrometers.- Passive Solar and Microwave Spectral Radiometers.- Radar Wind Profiler.- Radar in the mm-Range.- High-Frequency Radar.- Scintillometer.- Acoustic Tomography.- GNSS Water Vapor Tomography.- Part D: Remote Sensing Techniques (Space and Aircraft-based).- Satellite and Aircraft Remote Sensing Platforms.- Airborne Lidar.- Airborne Radar. - Airborne Solar Radiation Sensors.- Spaceborne Mircrowave Radiometry.- Spaceborne Microwave Radiometery.- Imaging Techniques.- Part E: Complex Measuring Systems – Methods and Applications.- Atmospherice Measurements for Different Purposes.- Crowdsourcing.- Mesometeorological Networks.- Aerological Measurements.- Composite Atmospheric Profiling.- Aircraft-Based Flux Density Measurements.- Unmanned Aircraft Systems.- Ground-based Mobile Measurement Systems.- Measurements Systems for Wind, Solar, and Hydro Power Applications.- Urban Measurement and their Interpretation.- Immission and Dry Deposition.- Eddy-Covariance Measurements.- Alternative Turbulent Trace GAs Flux Measurement Methods.- Evapotranspiration Measurements and Calculations.- Lysimeter.- Plant Chamber Measurements.- Soil Chamber Measurements.- Soil Measurements.- Water Measurements.- Part F: Measurements Networks.- Networks of Atmospheric Measurement Techniques.- Integration of Meteorological and Ecological Measurements.
£251.99
New India Publishing Agency Data Acquisition and Analysis in Animal Breeding
Book Synopsis
£209.90
New India Publishing Agency GIS: Fundamentals,Applications and
Book Synopsis
£25.47
New India Publishing Agency Geospatial Technologies for Natural Resources
Book Synopsis
£61.42
New India Publishing Agency Hyperspectral Remote Sensing and Spectral
Book Synopsis
£64.88
New India Publishing Agency Geoinformatics Applications in Agriculture
Book SynopsisThe Earth functions as a complex system, and existing infrastructure and methodologies are inadequate for addressing many of the problems associated with it. An integrated and innovative approach is necessary to analyze, model, and develop extensive and diverse datasets for solving these problems. Geoinformatics, which is the synergy of various disciplines such as earth sciences, GIS, remote sensing, GPS, photogrammetry, and cartography, is rapidly advancing in areas where data are identified by their locations. Currently, there is a chaotic distribution of available datasets, a lack of documentation about them and the methodologies used, a lack of easily accessible tools for computer modeling, and other obstacles that make it difficult for earth scientists to develop solutions. The authors have attempted to overcome these challenges by bringing together relevant information and techniques, as well as recent advances in these fields. This book provides a comprehensive overview of various topics related to the applications of geoinformatics, which are highly diversified and include space and environmental monitoring, watershed management, water resources and management, productivity enhancement in agro-ecosystems, resource information systems, precision farming, monitoring of glaciers and lakes, geospatial techniques, and livelihood improvement using GIS.
£48.68
New India Publishing Agency Remote Sensing in Geomorphology
Book SynopsisGeomorphology is an area of study that focuses on the outer surface of the Earths crust. This field is crucial for understanding the historical and current geological processes that have shaped the Earths surface, as well as the resources and ecosystems that it supports. Additionally, geomorphology plays a critical role in identifying areas that are prone to natural disasters. The use of remote sensing technology has greatly expanded the scope of geomorphology, as it allows for the easy observation and animation of geological processes.
£40.99
New India Publishing Agency Soil Resources and Its Mapping Through
Book SynopsisThis work aims to offer an overview of the latest advancements in geostatistical modeling, the spatial variability of soil resources, and the creation of digital soil maps using R and GIS, with a particular emphasis on their potential application in agricultural resource management.
£116.14
New India Publishing Agency Remote Sensing in Geomorphology
Book SynopsisGeomorphology is the study of external landscape/architecture of earth's crust which stands as a testimony not only for the palaeo morphotectonic and morpho-dynamic activities but also the present day geological processes as well, thus making geomorphology significant in understand the hierarchical evolution of the earth and related resources, environment/ecosystems and disaster proneness. With remote sensing deepening its roots in all fields, the scope of geomorphology too has phenomenally widened as fabrication and animation of modern geologic/geomorphic processes are being easily done by remote sensing.Table of Contents1. Pleistocene Earth Movements In Peninsular India- Evidences From Landsat MSS and Thematic Mapper Data 2. Remote Sensing and Pleistocene Tectonics of Southern Indian Peninsula 3. Evidences of Neotectonism Along Coromandel Coast of Tamil Nadu, Using IRS Data. 4. Pleistocene/ Holocene Graben Along Pondicherry -Cumbum Valley, Tamil Nadu, India 5. Neotectonic Controls on The Migration of Sarasvati River of The Great Indian Desert 6. Eyed Drainages Observed in IRS Imagery in Tamil Nadu, India and Their Geological Significance 7. Fluvial Anomalies and Neotectonics of Western Ghats, Tamil Nadu, India 8. Aid of Remote Sensing In Fluvial Geomorphic Mapping 9. Remote Sensing and River Migration In Western India 10. Remote Sensing of River Migration in Tamil Nadu 11. The Phenomenon of River Migration In Northern Tamil Nadu Evidence From Satellite Data, Archaeology and Tamil Literature 12. A Remote Sensing Study of River Deltas of Tamil Nadu 13. Detection of Submarine Delta along Madras Coast, India, Using IRS Imagery 14. Morpho- Tectonic Evolution of East and West Coasts of Indian Peninsula 15. Tectonic and Geomorphic Evolution of West Coast Along Mangalore- Cape Comorin Sector, India 16. Remote Sensing and Certain Challenging Coastal Engineering Geological Problems of Tamil Nadu Coast, India 17. Rapid Land Building Activity Along Vedaranniyam Coast and Its Possible Implications 18. Temporal Changes In Land -Water Distribution Pattern During 1930-1993 along The CoromandelCoast of Tamil Nadu, India, and Its Significance 19. Marine Environment Modeling Using Thematic Mapper Data 20. IRS -1A Imagery Senses Some Rapidly Building Islands along East Coast of Tamil Nadu 21. GIS Based Visualization of Land - Ocean Interactive Phenomenon along Vedaranniyam Coast,Tamil Nadu, India 22. Tectonically Induced Environmental Problems on and off Pondicherry Coast, Tamil Nadu, India.A Vision Through Remote Sensing 23. Landslides and Quaternary Tectonics of South India
£62.70
New India Publishing Agency GIS: Fundamentals,Applications and
Book SynopsisGeographic Information Systems or popularly known as GIS has been developing it's roots since the role of remote sensing has increased. It spreads it's branches to civil engineering, geosciences, forestry, disaster mitigation, ecology and environment and various other fields. The book explains the concepts of GIS in a simple language. Topics like development of GIS, data structures, database concepts, map projections, requirement of hardware and software for implementing GIS, errors and removing errors, advanced analysis are a few s to be named which find place in this book.Table of Contents1. GIS As a Science and Technology 2. Applications of GIS and Resource Management 3. GIS Techniques and Nature of Data 4. Database Creation and Analysis in GIS 5. Error Analysis and Output 6. Advanced GIS Applications 7. Internet GIS 8. Project Implementation 9. Glossary 10. GIS Resource Banks
£38.94
New India Publishing Agency Geoinformatics Applications in Agriculture
Book SynopsisEarth functions as a complex system and existing infrastructure and methodologies are inadequate for the community to address many problems of this system. It requires an integrated and innovative approach to analyse, model and develop extensive and diverse data sets for the solution of these problems. Geoinformatics, which is the synergy of multiple disciplines, namely, earth sciences, GIS, remote sensing, GPS, photogrammetry and cartography, is developing fast in the areas where the data are identified by their locations. Currently, there is a chaotic distribution of available data sets, lack of documentation about them and the methodologies, lack of easy-to-access, tolls, computer modeling etc. which pose the major obstacles for the earth scientist in trying to work out solutions. The authors have tried to remove these hurdles by bringing together relevant informations and techniques as well as the recent advances in these fields. This book presents a comprehensive account of various topics related to the applications of geoinformatics which are highly diversified and include space and environmental monitoring, watershed management, water resources and management, productivity enhancement in agro-ecosystems, resource information systems, precision farming, monitoring of glaciers and lakes, geospatial techniques and livelihood improvement using GIS.Table of Contents1. Space Sensing and Environment Monitoring by Ajai and J. K. Garg 2. Geoinformatics in Precision Farming: An Overview by Rajender Prasad, Anshu Dixit, P.K. Malhotra and V.K. Gupta 3. Geoinformatics Applications in India-Retrospect and Prospects : Experience of National Remote Sensing Agency NRSA by b P.S. Roy 4. Horticultural Resources Information System: A Geo-informatic Tool for Horticultural Development by S.C. Kotur D. Sreenivasa Murthy, T.M. Gajanana, Reena Rosy Thomas, Chitra Mothkur,L.B. Ashok and G.S. Geetha 5. Geoinformatics in Support of Food Security and Poverty Alleviation: A Perspective Based on National Wasteland Mapping Project by S.K.Srivastava,CBS Dutt,R. Nagaraja,S. Bandyopadhayay,HCM Rani,V.S. Hegde & V.Jayaraman 6. Geoinformatics for Monitoring Glaciers and Glacial Lakes by R.M. Bhagat, Chitra Sood, Vaibhav Kalia, Pradeep Mool, S. Bajracharya & Basanta Shrestha 7. Monitoring and Management of Water Resources by Sanjay K. Jain, Rakesh Kumar and K.D. Sharma 8. Application of Geospatial Tools, Techniques and Concepts for Integrated Watershed Management by A.Sarangi and A.K. Singh 9. Geoinformatics for Enhancing Productivity in Flood Plain Agro-ecosystem by R.N. Sahoo, R.K. Tomar,I.P. Abrol, R.K. Gupta, D. Chakraborty, V.K. Sehgal and N. Kalra 10: Groundwater Modelling Using GIS by M.S. Mane, D.K. Singh, A.K. Singh and A.K. Bhattacharya 11. Participatory GIS for Planning Livelihood Improvement - A Case Study in Canal Command Areas of Bihar by B. Saha, R.P. Jones, A.K. Sikka, P.R. Bhatnagar and S. Chowdhury
£104.17
New India Publishing Agency Hyperspectral Remote Sensing and Spectral
Book SynopsisHyperspectral imaging is an emerging modern technique in modern remote sensing that expands and removes capability of multispectral image analysis. It takes advantage of hundreds of continuous spectral channels to uncover materials that usually cannot be resolved by multispectral sensoThis book is a collection of research papers of Indian scientist working in the field of hyperspectral remote sensing and spectral signature applications. This has been organized in a way that all the s are logically connected and can be referred back and the forth one another for more details. The title of "hyperspectral remote sensing and spectral signature applications" is use to reflect its focus on spectral techniques, i.e. non-literal techniques that are especially designed and developed for hyperspectral imagery rather than multispectral imagery.Table of ContentsSection - 1: Hyperspectral Remote Sensing, Section - 2 : Hyperspectral Signature & Its Applications, Section - 3 : Applications of High Resolution and Multispectral Remote Sensing Satellite Data
£134.37
New India Publishing Agency Agrometeorology: A Simplified Textbook
Book Synopsis
£22.93
New India Publishing Agency QGIS Volume 2
£158.40
New India Publishing Agency A Practical Handbook on GIS R Programming
£191.70
New India Publishing Agency Application of Remote Sensing and GIS in Geosciences
£120.60
New India Publishing Agency Geospatial Technologies for Natural Resources Management
Book SynopsisThe contents of the book are of a high quality and flow very smoothly from the characterization of biophysical resources and land use systems to the farming systems level and finally culminate at the catchment/ watershed level. The modelling studies are included to update the current trends, while vulnerability studies provide complete set of information with respect to future action plan. The authors of the various s have also displayed high skills in development of customized GIS tools of learning and knowledge sharing. This book, would stand-out as an example of knowledge sharing efforts in the area of geo-informatics and the use of GIS technologies for their effective and efficient management of natural resources. The authors from top institutes like CGIAR, ICRISAT, University of Tokyo, Japan, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan and The Kansas State University, USA, IIT, IARI, NRSC, NGRI, and reputed Agricultural Universities and institutes (e.g. NBSS&LUP, CRIDA, CSSRI, NIAM, IGFRI, NRCAF, NBPGR, CMFRI, IASRI, IIHR etc.) have contributed knowledge relating to biophysical resource characterization and quality assessment, agricultural vulnerability to climate change, rainfall variation, water availability and urbanization, and development of customized GIS application, knowledge sharing and learning tools. The comprehensive review in the areas of data mining, farm level applications, and modeling for retrieval of biophysical parameters are other specific contributions from the authors.Table of Contents01. Introduction by N.H. Rao 02. Remote Sensing and GIS Application for Input Management for Crops by Sesha Sai M.V.R, Ramana K.V., Karun K.C. and Kameswara Rao 03. Application of Remote Sensing and GIS in Farm level Soil Resource Mapping by S. Srinivas, A. Natarajan, S. Dharumarajan, M. Lalitha, LGK. Naidu and Dipak Sarkar 04. Remote Sensing and GIS for Sustainable Farm Production by K.P. Ragunath and R. Sivasamy 05. Whether the Changing of Cropping Pattern in Andhra Pradesh Leads to Crop Diversification or Crop Concentration: Evidences Using GIS by Geetha Mohan and Hirotaka Matsuda 06. Applications of Remote Sensing and GIS for Crop Condition Assessment by R. Krishnan and M.R. Srinivasan 07. Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery in Groundnut Pest/Disease Precision Protection by A.K. Tripathy, J. Adinarayana, S.N. Merchant, U.B. Desai, S. Ninomiya, M. Hirafuji, T. Kiura 08. GIS-Remote Sensing-Insect Populations : A Package Deal for Maps, Models, Monitoring and Management by Kamala Jayanthi P.D., Abraham Verghese, G.T. Jayasimha and A.Arthi Kiruba 09. Study on Impacts of Rainfall Variability and Urbanisation on Cropping Area by V. Varalakshmi and B. Venkateswara Rao 10. Assessing the Impact of Rezoning and Urbanization on Surface Watershed Hydrology by Ravi kumar B. Choodegowda and Gilbert Malinga 11. Integrated Approach for Demarcating the Groundwater Prospective Zones and Identification of Artifical Recharge Sites by P.D. Sreedevi, P.D. Sreekanth1 and Shakeel Ahmed 12. Canopy Radiative Transfer Models and their Inversion for the Quantification of Vegetation Biophysical Parameters from Remote Sensing by V.K. Sehgal, Debasish Chakraborty, R.N. Sahoo and Sanatan Pradhan 13. Applied Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques in Bio-Physical Resource Characterization for Management by D.V.K. Nageswara Rao 14. Alternative Methods of Integrating Remote Sensing GPS and GIS Applications for Bio-Physical Resources by N.S. Ekka 15. GIS Based Decision Support System for Real Time Watershed Runoff Assessment by P.D. Sreekanth, K.V. Kumar, S.K. Soam, (Late) M.N. Reddy and N. H. Rao 16. A Watershed Scale Soil Quality Assessment in Semiarid Tropical Region of India Using GIS and Remote Sensing by Uttam Kumar Mandal, Kausalya Ramchandran, K.L. Sharma, Dhiman Burman and B. Maji 17. Remote Sensing and GIS for Spatial Decision Support in Sustainable Land Resource Management by GP. Obi Reddy and Dipak Sarkar 18. Harnessing Geospatial Technologies for Agroforestry Development in India by R.H. Rizvi, S.K. Dhyani and Ram Newaj 19. Methodology for Estimating of Number of Trees under Agroforestry using High Resolution Satellite Data by Tauqueer Ahmad, Prachi Misra Sahoo and Sujit Kumar Jally 20. GIS Tools for Genetic Resource Management in Horticultural Crops by Shailendra Rajan 21. GIS Applications for Plant Genetic Resources Management with Special Reference to Germplasm Conservation by N. Sivaraj, S.K. Chakrabarty, K.V. Kumar and S.K. Soam 22. Application of GIS and Remote Sensing for Cashew by Rejani R and P.D. Sreekanth 23. Assessing Agricultural Vulnerability to Climate Change using NDVI Data Products by Kaushalaya Ramachandran, B. Venkateshwarlu, C.A. Ramarao, V.U.M. Rao, K.V. Rao, B.M.K. Raju, A.V.M.S. Rao, D.B.V. , Ramana, Manoranjan Kumar, K. Nagasree, K. Ravi Shankar, M. Gayatri, J. Satish and V. Praveen 24. Moisture Stress Assessment through NDVI and Climate Tools for Crop Management at Anantpur District, AP by A.V.R. Kesava Rao, D.V.K. Nageswara Rao, Suhas P. Wani, P.S. Minhas, M. Irshad Ahmed and G. Madhukar 25. Use of GIS and Remote Sensing Techniques in Addressing Weather Extremes Through Weather based Agro Advisories by D. Raji Reddy, G. Sreenivas, K.M. Dakshina Murthy, S.G. Mahadevappa and R.R. Sunitha Devi 26. Geospatial Library : Knowledge System and Services for Natural Resources and Agricultural Management by N.H. Rao, (Late) M.N. Reddy, K.V. Kumar, P.D. Sreekanth and S.K. Soam 27. Agriculture Spatial Info and Decision Support System - A Customised Application for the State of Himachal Pradesh by Sharda Singh, Kunal Sood, Arun Kaushal, Vaibhavkalia and Ranbir Singh Rana 28. Web-GIS Case Study on Kerala Wetlands: The Open Source Way by Santosh Gaikwad, S. Narendra Prasad and Trinadh Sankar Meher 29. Precision Agriculture in Indian Fields : Successful Case Studies by U.K. Shanwad, V.C. Patil, S.S. Patil, N.L. Rajesh, G.M. Hiremath, H. Veeresh, B.G, Mastan Reddy and M.B. Patil 30. A Frame Work of Participatory Geo-Spatial Information System for Micro Level Planning - A Case Study in Aquaculture by G.P. Reddy, B.S. Sontakki and r K.V. Kumar 31. Marine Geographic Information Systems and Their Application in Fisheries Management by J. Jayasankar, Grinson George, T.V. Ambrose, and R. Manjeesh 32. Geostatistics in Agriculture by Balaji Kannan and R. Kumaraperumal 33. Protection of GIS Products under Indian Copyright Act by S.K. Soam
£124.26
New India Publishing Agency Remote Sensing Data Analysis in R (Co-Published With CRC Press,UK)
£214.20
New India Publishing Agency Data Acquisition and Analysis in Geoinformatics
Book Synopsis
£199.50
Taylor & Francis Geographies of Mobility
Book SynopsisThis book seeks to bring together different philosophical, theoretical, and methodological approaches to the study of human mobility within the discipline of geography. With five thematic sections â conceptualizing and analyzing mobility, inequalities of mobility, politics of mobility, decentering mobility, and qualifying abstraction â and 27 substantive chapters by leading researchers in the field, it provides a comprehensive overview of the latest thinking about human mobility and related issues. The contributors discuss mobility issues as diverse as everyday mobilities of young people, migrants and refugees, and sex workers; the relationships between citizenship and mobility; and the potential and pitfalls of big data for understanding mobility. This, coupled with a broad international focus, means that Geographies of Mobility will not only encourage and enrich dialogue on a theme that is of major importance to varied geographic research communities, but will also be of grTable of ContentsIntroduction: Geographies of Mobility Developing a Framework for the Spaces and Spatialities of Transportation and Mobilities Mobility Among the Spatialities Algorithmic Geographies: Big Data, Algorithmic Uncertainty, and the Production of Geographic Knowledge Mobility Research in the Age of the Smartphone Rosa Parks Redux: Racial Mobility Projects on the Journey to Work Revisiting Gender, Race, and Commuting in New York Mobility, Communication, and Place: Navigating the Landscapes of Suburban U.S. Teens Latin@ Immobilities and Altermobilities Within the U.S. Deportability Regime Connected Mobility in a Disconnected World: Contested Infrastructure in Postdisaster Contexts Contesting Street Spaces in a Socialist City:Itinerant Vending-Scapes and the Everyday Politics of Mobility in Hanoi, Vietnam Mobilizing a Spatial Politics of Street Skating: Thinking About the Geographies of Generosity Locked in Place: Young People’s Immobilities and the Slovenian Erasure Stuart Unintended Return: U.S. Deportations and the Fractious Politics of Mobility for Latinos Circulations and the Entanglements of Citizenship The Geopolitics of Tourism: Mobilities, Territory, and Protest in China, Taiwan, and Hong Kong Micropolitics of Mobility: Public Transport Commuting and Everyday Encounters with Forces of Enablement and Constraint 404 Mobility Disadvantage and Livelihood Opportunities of Marginalized Widowed Women in Rural Uganda Livelihoods as Relational Immobilities: Exploring the Everyday Practices of Young Female Sex Workers in Ethiopia Mobilities at Gunpoint: The Geographies of (Im)mobility of Transgender Sex Workers in Colombia Mobilities in Rural Africa: New Connections, New Challenges The Way They Blow the Horn: Caribbean Dollar Cabs and Subaltern Mobilities Fixing Mobility in the Neoliberal City: Cycling Policy and Practice in London as a Mode of Political Economic and Biopolitical Governance Policies on the Move: The Transatlantic Travels of Tax Increment Financing Temporal Trends of Intraurban Commuting in Baton Rouge, 1990–2010 A Location-Centric Network Approach to Analyzing Epidemic Dynamics Another Tale of Two Cities: Understanding Human Activity Space Using Actively Tracked Cellphone Location Data
£43.99
Cambridge University Press The Physics of Atmospheres
Book SynopsisThis third edition of John Houghton's acclaimed textbook has been brought completely up-to-date, with several new chapters. Like the previous editions, this is an essential textbook for advanced undergraduate and graduate courses in atmospheric science. Specialists in atmospheric physics and meteorology will also find it an excellent state-of-the-art review.Trade ReviewFrom the reviews of the previous edition: '… a splendid volume in the best traditions of CUP student texts. An excellent source of reference.' New Scientist'Professor Houghton has made a laudable attempt to present a scientifically rigorous account of a very large subject in a very small book. The resulting volume is well worth its price and could be extremely useful to a serious and well-prepared would-be meteorologist.' WMO Bulletin'… a good introductory text which can be thoroughly recommended'. Contemporary Physics'… The first edition of this book was successful and this revised edition deserves the same or greater success. It provides a good introduction to the subject, readily understood by the intended readership, while also serving as a reference in some fields for those with more experience … should find a place on many bookshelves and, more importantly, open on students' desks.' Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society'Students of meteorology, as well as anybody required a general overview of atmospheric science, should certainly read this book. it will also provide a useful introduction to aspects of climate modelling and meteorological remote sensing for environmental scientists.' Weather' … the book contains answers to and hints for solving the problems … Clearly, this has been a successful book, and the new material and format should ensure continued popularity with a new generation of users.' International Journal of Climatology'Clearly, this has been a successful book, and the new material and format should ensure continued popularity with a new generation of users.' International Journal of Climatology'… an essential item for reference.' The Imaging Science JournalTable of ContentsPreface; 1. Some basic ideas; 2. A radiative equilibrium model; 3. Thermodynamics; 4. More complex radiation transfer; 5. The middle and upper atmospheres; 6. Clouds; 7. Dynamics; 8. Atmospheric waves; 9. Turbulence; 10. The general circulation; 11. Numerical modelling; 12. Global observation; 13. Chaos and atmospheric predictability; 14. Climate and climate change; Index.
£54.99
Cambridge University Press Archaeological Prospecting and Remote Sensing 2 Topics in Remote Sensing Series Number 2
a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.
£91.74
Cambridge University Press Integration Geographic Information 5 Topics in Remote Sensing Series Number 5
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£58.12
Cambridge University Press Historical Gis Technologies Methodologies And Scholarship 39 Cambridge Studies in Historical Geography Series Number 39
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£45.28
