Ethical issues: scientific and medical developments Books

Book SynopsisThe technical progress illustrated by the development of Artificial Intelligence (AI), Big Data technologies, the Internet of Things (IoT), online platforms, NBICs, autonomous expert systems, and the Blockchain let appear the possibility of a new world and the emergence of a fourth industrial revolution centered around digital data. Therefore, the advent of digital and its omnipresence in our modern society create a growing need to lay ethical benchmarks against this new religion of data, the "dataisme".Table of ContentsForeword viiLina WILLIATTE Acknowledgments ix Introduction xi Chapter 1. Ethics at the Service of Digital Technology 1 1.1. Towards a new paradigm of the digital society 2 1.2. Questions regarding the algorithmic universe 8 1.3. Ethics as a digital compass 19 1.4. Ethical challenges and risks regarding algorithmic processing 27 1.5. The environmental parameters of digital technology 37 1.6. What is the place of mankind in this digital society? 43 Chapter 2. The Code is Ethics and Ethics is the Code 55 2.1. Nature, the creator of codes, programming and algorithms 56 2.2. Algorithmic Darwinism 62 2.3. The evolutionary digital world 64 2.4. Environmental ethics 67 2.5. Algorithmic ethics 72 2.5.1. The symbiotic bridge between algorithms and ethics 75 2.5.2. Trust at the heart of a new ethics 79 2.5.3. The “blockchainization” of ethics 87 2.6. The codification of ethics via a process of networks of neurons 90 2.7. The complexity around an ethical AI 98 2.8. The Neo-Platonist ethical systemic platform (Ψ, G, Φ) 104 2.9. The systemic analysis approach centered on the individual in a digital ecosystem 112 2.10. Toward quantum ethics? 118 Chapter 3. The Framework for Algorithmic Processing 121 3.1. Characteristics of NICT essential for their use 122 3.1.1. Adaptability 125 3.1.2. Availability 125 3.1.3. Robustness 125 3.1.4. Auditability 127 3.1.5. IT integration 128 3.1.6. Consolidation 128 3.1.7. Diffusion 129 3.1.8. Co-ordination 129 3.1.9. Interoperability 129 3.2. Scenarios for the digital economy. 131 3.2.1. Scenario 1: the generalization and commercialization of algorithms combined with Platform as a Service (PaaS) tools 134 3.2.2. Scenario 2: organization into silos independent of data producers and algorithmic processing specialists 134 3.2.3. Scenario 3: domination of AI leaders via proprietary algorithms with unparalleled performances 135 3.3. An algorithm’s ethical rules 137 3.4. Ethical evaluation of algorithmic processing 142 3.4.1. Evaluation of data and practices 144 3.4.2. Evaluating the algorithm and its practices 146 3.5. The framework surrounding algorithmic systems 149 3.5.1. Digital governance 150 3.5.2. Digital regulation 155 3.5.3. Digital confidence 160 3.5.4. Algorithmic responsibility 164 3.6. Ethical management and direction framing algorithmic systems 169 Conclusion 179 Appendix 185 List of Abbreviations 191 References 197 Index 207

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Book SynopsisLarge-scale, interoperable biobanks are an increasingly important asset in today's life science research and, as a result, multiple types of biobanks are being established around the globe with very different financial, organizational and legal set-ups. With interdisciplinary chapters written by lawyers, sociologists, doctors and biobank practitioners, Global Genes, Local Concerns identifies and discusses the most pressing issues in contemporary biobanking.This timely book addresses pressing questions such as: how do national biobanks best contribute to translational research?; What are the opportunities and challenges that current regulations present for translational use of biobanks?; How does inter-biobank coordination and collaboration occur on various levels?; and how could academic and industrial exploitation, ownership and IPR issues be addressed and facilitated? Identifying that biobanks foundational and operational set-ups should be legally and ethically sound, while at the same time reflecting the hopes and concerns of all the involved stakeholders, this book contributes to the continued development of international biobanking by highlighting and analysing the complexities in this important area of research.Academics in the fields of law and ethics, health law and biomedical law, as well as biobank managers and policymakers will find this insightful book a stimulating and engaging read.Contributors include: T. Bossow, T.A. Caulfield, B.J. Clark, Å. Hellstadius, J.R. Herrmann, K. Høyer, M. Jordan, J. Kaye, N.C.H. Kongsholm, K. Liddell, J. Liddicoat, M.J. Madison, T. Minssen, B. Murdoch, W. Nicholson Price II, E. Ortega-Paino, M. Prictor, M.B. Rasmussen, K. Sargsyan, J. Schovsbo, A.M. Tupasela, E. van Zimmeren, F. Vogl, H. Yu, P.K. YuTrade Review‘a valuable tool not only for researchers and policymakers, but also to legal practitioners.’ -- Peter Ling, IPkatTable of ContentsContents: Introduction Part I - Biobanks, Big Data and Modes of Collaboration 1. Big Data and the ethics of detail: the role of ethics work in the making of a cross-national research infrastructure for genetic research Klaus Hoeyer, Aaro Tupasela, Malene Bøgehus Rasmussen 2. Biobanks as Knowledge Institutions Michael J. Madison Part II - Biobanks, translational medicine and tech transfer 3. Biobanks as Innovation Infrastructure for Translational Medicine W. Nicholson Price II 4. Responsible Use of Human Biosamples in the Bioscience Industries Brian J Clark and Tina Bossow Part III - Biobanks, Human Rights and Patient Involvement 5. Biobanking, Scientific Productions and Human Rights Peter K. Yu 6. You told me, Right? - Free and Informed Consent in European Patent Law Åsa Hellstadius and Jens Schovsbo 7. Dynamic Consent and Biobanking – A Means of Fostering Sustainability? Jane Kaye and Megan Prictor 8. Generating Trust in Biobanks within the Context of Commercialization: Can Dynamic Consent Overcome Trust Challenges? Esther van Zimmeren 9. Exploitation and vulnerabilities in consent to biobank research in developing countries Nana Cecilie Halmsted Kongsholm 10. Biobanking and the Consent Problem Timothy Caulfield and Blake Murdoch Part IV - Biobanks, Guidelines and Good Governance 11. Responsible Research and Innovation and the Advancement of Biobanking and Biomedical research Helen Yu 12. Do we need an expiration date for biobanks? Franziska Vogl and Karine Sargsyan 13. Biobanks and Biobank Networks Eva Ortega-Paíno and Aaro Tupasela 14. IP Policies for Large Bioresources: the fiction, fantasy and future of openness Kathleen Liddell, Johnathan Liddicoat and Matthew Jordan Index

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Book SynopsisIn the coming decades robots and artificial intelligence will fundamentally change our world. In doing so they offer the hope of a golden future, one where the elderly are looked after by companion robots, where the disabled can walk, robot security protects us all, remote rural areas have access to the best urban facilities and there is almost limitless prosperity. But there are dangers. There are fears in the labour market that robots will replace jobs, leaving many unemployed, and increase inequality. In relying too much on robots, people may reduce their human contact and see their cognitive abilities decline. There are even concerns, reflected in many science fiction films, that robots may eventually become competitors with humans for survival. This book looks at both the history of robots, in science and in fiction, as well as the science behind robots. Specific chapters analyse the impact of robots on the labour market, people's attitudes to robots, the impact of robots on society, and the appropriate policies to pursue to prepare our world for the robot revolution. Overall the book strikes a cautionary tone. Robots will change our world dramatically and they will also change human beings. These important issues are examined from the perspective of an economist, but the book is intended to appeal to a wider audience in the social sciences and beyond.Table of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Innovation 2. The History and Development of Robots 3. Robots now and in the Future 4. The Science of Robots 5. The impact on employment, unemployment and wages 6. The Economic, Social and Political Impact 7. People’s Hopes and Fears 8. Policies to deal with potential problems and to realise the promise 9. A Changing World of Innovation References Index

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Book SynopsisProviding an insightful analysis of the key issues and significant trends relating to labour within the platform economy, this Modern Guide considers the existing comparative evidence covering all world regions. It also provides an in-depth look at digital labour platforms in their historical, economic and geographical contexts. Highlighting the diversity of experience of platform work, case studies illustrate how general trends play out, both in online and location-based labour platforms, across the globe. Chapters illustrate a need for a post-pandemic regulatory requirement of digital labour platforms at different policy levels, whilst providing a general overview of key topics. Interlinking contributions with a global scope and coverage identify the challenges faced and offer thoughtful regulatory solutions. This engaging book will be an invaluable resource for academics of labour economics, legal and business studies and sociology. It will also benefit policy makers in social and political geography and political science looking for a deeper understanding of the topic.Trade Review‘This collected volume on the world of work produced by platform companies should be required reading for anyone interested in the modern politics of labor. Drahokoupil and Vandaele have brought together cutting-edge scholars and scholarship to historicize the emergence of the platform economy and to understand its complex, transnational implications for work and workers. Together, the chapters help to contextualize both the challenges and opportunities posed by digital labor and should be required reading for regulators, policymakers, and academics alike.’ -- Veena Dubal, University of California College of the Law, San Francisco, US‘Here’s everything you need to know about the platform economy and workers—and perhaps hadn’t even thought of asking—in this comprehensive Modern Guide. It covers emerging trends, particular cases, regulatory issues and much else, and is likely to become an essential guide for researchers and policy makers.’ -- Jayati Ghosh, University of Massachusetts Amherst, USTable of ContentsContents: 1 Introduction: Janus meets Proteus in the platform economy 1 Jan Drahokoupil and Kurt Vandaele PART I CONTEXT AND ISSUES 2 The business models of labour platforms: Creating an uncertain future 33 Jan Drahokoupil 3 Moving on, out or up: The externalization of work to B2B platforms 49 Pamela Meil and Mehtap Akgü. 4 Measuring the platform economy: Different approaches to estimating the size of the online platform workforce 66 Agnieszka Piasna 5 A historical perspective on the drivers of digital labour platforms 81 Gérard Valenduc 6 The platform economy at the forefront of a changing world of work: Implications for occupational health and safety 96 Pierre Bérastégui and Sacha Garben 7 How place and space matter to union organizing in the platform economy 112 Benjamin Herr, Philip Schörpf and Jörg Flecker PART II REGULATING PLATFORM WORK 8 Embedding platforms in contemporary labour law 129 Valerio De Stefano and Mathias Wouters 9 The regulation of platform work in the European Union: Mapping the challenges 145 Sacha Garben 10 Workers, platforms and the state: The struggle over digital labour platform regulation 162 Sai Englert, Mark Graham, Sandra Fredman, Darcy du Toit, Adam Badger, Richard Heeks and Jean-Paul Van Belle 11 Trade union responses to platform work: An evolving tension between mainstream and grassroots approaches 177 Simon Joyce and Mark Stuart PART III CASE STUDIES ACROSS THE GLOBE: ONLINE LABOUR PLATFORMS 12 The uneven potential of online platform work for human development at the global margins 194 Mark Graham, Vili Lehdonvirta, Alex J. Wood, Helena Barnard, Isis Hjorth and David Peter Simon 13 From outsourcing to crowdsourcing: Assessing the implications for Indian workers of different outsourcing strategies 209 Janine Berg, Uma Rani and Nora Gobel 14 The geographic and linguistic variety of online labour markets: The cases of Russia and Ukraine 225 Mariya Aleksynska, Andrey Shevchuk and Denis Strebkov PART IV CASE STUDIES ACROSS THE GLOBE: LOCATION-BASED LABOUR PLATFORMS 15 Aliada and Alia: Contrasting for-profit and non-profit platforms for domestic work in Mexico and the United States 242 Andrea Santiago Páramo and Carlos Piñeyro Nelson 16 The role of worker collectives among app-based food delivery couriers in France, Germany and Norway: All the same or different? 258 Kristin Jesnes, Denis Neumann, Vera Trappmann and Pauline de Becdelièvre 17 The pitfalls and promises of successfully organizing Foodora couriers in Toronto 274 Raoul Gebert 18 Labour management and resistance among platform-based food delivery couriers in Beijing 290 Jack Linchuan Qiu, Ping Sun and Julie Chen 19 Struggles over the power and meaning of digital labour platforms: A comparison of the Vienna, Berlin, New York and Los Angeles taxi markets 308 Hannah Johnston and Susanne Pernicka 20 Passenger transport in Australia: Injury compensation, public policy and the health pandemic 323 David Peetz PART V CLOSING THOUGHTS 21 Institutional experimentation and the challenges of platform labour 339 Maria Figueroa Index

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Book SynopsisElgar Advanced Introductions are stimulating and thoughtful introductions to major fields in the social sciences and law, expertly written by the world's leading scholars. Designed to be accessible yet rigorous, they offer concise and lucid surveys of the substantive and policy issues associated with discrete subject areas. This cutting edge book introduces the origins and consequences of digital platforms, examining how artificial intelligence-enabled digital platforms collect and process data from and about users by providing social media and e-commerce services. Robin Mansell and W. Edward Steinmueller compare and contrast neoclassical, institutional and critical political economy approaches. They show how uneven power relationships between platform operators and their users are analysed in different economic traditions. Key features include: analysis of economic and public values provides a foundation for platform regulation examines the impacts of platforms on the media industry challenges claims of the inevitability of platform dominance discusses key challenges, including: artificial intelligence, data sharing and competition in the digital economy. This concise book will be indispensable for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students of media and communication studies, innovation studies and economics, particularly those focusing on platform economics.Trade Review'This Advanced Introduction provides a much-needed analysis of digital platforms and their major influence on society. What makes Mansell and Steinmueller's book stand out is that it looks at platforms not only through the lens of neo-classical economics, but also of institutional economics and critical political economy, comprehensively demonstrating how these theories differ in their assessment of both consequences of platforms and the need for regulation and non-commercial alternatives.' --Manuel Puppis, University of Fribourg, Switzerland'This is a timely and useful overview of the multifaceted roles of digital platforms by two leading experts in the field. The book presents an insightful discussion of three different economic perspectives on the benefits and dangers of digital platforms. It also addresses the most critical issues concerning users, policy makers, platform operators and society as a whole, identifying reforms that may be necessary. Highly recommended for an understanding of the challenges ahead.' --Franco Malerba, Bocconi University, Italy'Digital platforms are the dominant new business model of the digital economy. With Advanced Introduction to Platform Economics, Mansell and Steinmueller have written a wonderfully accessible and insightful treatise which will be extremely valuable to all students who want to understand digital platforms' economic mechanisms and their social consequences.' --Annabelle Gawer, University of Surrey, UKTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction 2. Digital platform origins and novelty 3. Economic analysis of platforms 4. Technologies and datafication practices 5. Self-regulation and alternative business models 6. Policy, regulation and alternative platform provision 7. Global perspectives 8. Conclusion References Index

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Book SynopsisElgar Advanced Introductions are stimulating and thoughtful introductions to major fields in the social sciences and law, expertly written by the world's leading scholars. Designed to be accessible yet rigorous, they offer concise and lucid surveys of the substantive and policy issues associated with discrete subject areas. This cutting edge book introduces the origins and consequences of digital platforms, examining how artificial intelligence-enabled digital platforms collect and process data from and about users by providing social media and e-commerce services. Robin Mansell and W. Edward Steinmueller compare and contrast neoclassical, institutional and critical political economy approaches. They show how uneven power relationships between platform operators and their users are analysed in different economic traditions. Key features include: analysis of economic and public values provides a foundation for platform regulation examines the impacts of platforms on the media industry challenges claims of the inevitability of platform dominance discusses key challenges, including: artificial intelligence, data sharing and competition in the digital economy. This concise book will be indispensable for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students of media and communication studies, innovation studies and economics, particularly those focusing on platform economics.Trade Review'This Advanced Introduction provides a much-needed analysis of digital platforms and their major influence on society. What makes Mansell and Steinmueller's book stand out is that it looks at platforms not only through the lens of neo-classical economics, but also of institutional economics and critical political economy, comprehensively demonstrating how these theories differ in their assessment of both consequences of platforms and the need for regulation and non-commercial alternatives.' --Manuel Puppis, University of Fribourg, Switzerland'This is a timely and useful overview of the multifaceted roles of digital platforms by two leading experts in the field. The book presents an insightful discussion of three different economic perspectives on the benefits and dangers of digital platforms. It also addresses the most critical issues concerning users, policy makers, platform operators and society as a whole, identifying reforms that may be necessary. Highly recommended for an understanding of the challenges ahead.' --Franco Malerba, Bocconi University, Italy'Digital platforms are the dominant new business model of the digital economy. With Advanced Introduction to Platform Economics, Mansell and Steinmueller have written a wonderfully accessible and insightful treatise which will be extremely valuable to all students who want to understand digital platforms' economic mechanisms and their social consequences.' --Annabelle Gawer, University of Surrey, UKTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction 2. Digital platform origins and novelty 3. Economic analysis of platforms 4. Technologies and datafication practices 5. Self-regulation and alternative business models 6. Policy, regulation and alternative platform provision 7. Global perspectives 8. Conclusion References Index

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Book SynopsisThis insightful Handbook scrutinizes alternative concepts and approaches to the dominant economic or industrial theories of innovation. Providing an assessment of these approaches, it questions the absence of these neglected types of innovation and suggests diverse theories. International contributors provide a historical and critical analysis of all aspects of innovation, answering important questions such as ‘are we just reinventing the wheel?’. Examining concepts that have existed for over a decade, chapters provide clarity on answering this question and investigate whether progress is actually being made. Split into seven parts, starting with the visions of innovation and reviewing multiple approaches and types of innovation, as well as utilising case studies to illustrate theories, this timely book provides an excellent update to this field. This Handbook will be an invaluable resource for scholars and researchers of business management and public policy as well as policy makers and stakeholders.Trade Review‘This Handbook truly deserves its designation as such. It provides a comprehensive and multi-faceted overview of different conceptual meanings, theories, usages and interpretations of “innovation”. Far beyond the most familiar association with technology and industry, the reader is introduced to “social“, “responsible“, “sustainable“, “disruptive“ and other variations of innovation, their respective rationales, theoretical underpinnings, philosophical and policy implications. This collection of contributions by well-respected authors is a fascinating and unique attempt to capture the many paths covered by “innovation“ as a traveling concept.’ -- Peter Weingart, Bielefeld University, GermanyTable of ContentsContents: Introduction to the Handbook on Alternative Theories of Innovation 1 Benoît Godin, Gérald Gaglio and Dominique Vinck PART I VISIONS OF INNOVATION 1 Innovation theology 11 Benoît Godin 2 Imaginaries of innovation 23 Harro van Lente PART II THEORIZING INNOVATION IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY: THE FOUNDATIONS 3 Theories of innovation 38 Benoît Godin 4 Economic approaches to industrial technological innovation 59 Irwin Feller PART III ALTERNATIVE APPROACHES TO INNOVATION 5 Mapping innovation diversity 79 Mónica Edwards-Schachter 6 Social innovation: contested understandings of social change 106 Cornelius Schubert 7 Sustainable innovation: analysing literature lineages 122 Frank Boons and Riza Batista-Navarro 8 Responsible innovation: challenging an alternative 135 Lucien von Schomberg PART IV ALTERNATIVE TYPES OF INNOVATION 9 User-centred innovation: from innovative users to user centred programmes 148 Bastien Tavner 10 Open innovation: the open society and its entrepreneurial bias 162 Tiago Brandão 11 Disruptive innovation: an organizational strategy and a technological concept 182 Darryl Cressman 12 Common innovation: the oldest species of innovation? 197 G.M. Peter Swann 13 Grassroots innovation: mainstreaming the discourse of informal sector 212 Fayaz Ahmad Sheikh and Hemant Kumar 14 Frugal innovation: reaching an ‘empowered’ developing-countries end-user 233 Céline Cholez and Pascale Trompette PART V SUPPORTING INNOVATION: REFRAMING THE INSTRUMENTS 15 X-innovation and international organizations narratives 252 Carolina Bagattolli 16 Transformative innovation policy: a novel approach? 276 Markus Grillitsch, Teis Hansen and Stine Madsen 17 Business innovation measurement: history and evolution 292 Giulio Perani PART VI IMMUNE DISCIPLINES AND FORGOTTEN THEORIZATIONS 18 Religion and innovation: charting the territory 310 Boris Rähme 19 Anthropology of and for innovation 334 Ulrich Ufer and Alexandra Hausstein 20 Philosophical reflections on the concept of innovation 354 Vincent Blok PART VII THEORIZING THE THEORIES 21 Ideology, engine or regime. Styles of critique and theories of innovation 369 Brice Laurent 22 Collateral innovation: renewing theory from case-studies 387 Gérald Gaglio and Dominique Vinck Conclusion to the Handbook on Alternative Theories of Innovation 404 Gérald Gaglio, Dominique Vinck and Benoît Godin Index

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Book SynopsisThis timely book explores the likely success or failure of potential transport innovations. Chapters examine societally relevant effects of transport transitions, including impacts on the environment, accessibility, safety and more. It focuses on complex innovations in which both public and private actors are involved.Combining insights from innovation sciences with evolutionary economics, business economics, managerial sciences, psychology and history, the chapters consider state-of-the-art innovation theories applied to sustainable transport, with an emphasis on approaches to understanding behaviour. The book then explores a range of potential transitions, covering technological innovations such as vehicle electrification, e-bikes and light electric vehicles in city logistics, before moving on to look at service innovations including carsharing, mobility as a service and e-shopping.Offering coverage of both frameworks and innovation examples themselves, this book will be an interesting read for transport studies and innovation scholars. It will also be a useful tool for policy makers and planners working in the area.Trade Review‘A systems change is on its way. Cities all over the world are changing their mobility paradigms, trying to transform car-oriented cities into places for people. This change goes hand in hand with the necessary change towards climate neutral mobility and more liveable cities. It comes at a time when car ownership can be replaced by alternatives such as shared mobility or mobility as a service, and many other smaller and larger innovations are shaping the future. In this book it is shown how transition theory and other frameworks can help to understand the incremental and radical changes that are supporting this transition towards a more sustainable mobility system. A must-read for everyone who wants to understand what the future of mobility will look like!’ -- Cathy Macharis, VUB-Mobilise, Belgium‘The transportation field has long put its faith in technological innovation as a way to solve our problems, whether traffic congestion or environmental impacts. But it is not that simple, as the theoretical frameworks and specific examples presented in this book demonstrate. Readers will find many important insights here.’ -- Susan Handy, University of California, Davis, USTable of ContentsContents: Preface x 1 Introduction to Innovations in Transport 1 Bert van Wee, Jan Anne Annema and Jonathan Köhler PART I FRAMEWORKS FOR ANALYSING TRANSPORT INNOVATIONS 2 A transitions theory perspective on transport innovation 14 Bonno Pel 3 Modelling innovations in freight transport: a business ecosystem perspective 35 Giovanni Zenezini and Lóránt A. Tavasszy 4 Understanding mobility biographies: conceptual and empirical advancements and practical innovation 68 Henrike Rau and Joachim Scheiner 5 Behavioral economics and social nudges in sustainable travel 89 William Riggs 6 Transport innovation theories: a brief overview 111 Jan Anne Annema PART II TRANSPORT INNOVATIONS 7 Technological innovation systems and transport innovations: understanding vehicle electrification in Norway 131 Ove Langeland, Cyriac George and Erik Figenbaum 8 Beyond market success: unpacking the societal implications of the e-bike 164 Qi Sun 9 Explaining the growth in light electric vehicles in city logistics 188 Ron van Duin, Walther Ploos van Amstel and Hans Quak 10 Automated driving on the path to enlightenment? 221 Maaike Snelder, Gonçalo Homem de Almeida Correia and Bart van Arem 11 Assessing policies to scale up carsharing 242 Karla Münzel, Marlous Arentshorst, Wouter Boon and Koen Frenken 12 Mobility-as-a-Service: how governance is shaping an innovation and its outcomes 269 Wijnand Veeneman 13 E-shopping, travel behavior, and society: a multi-level perspective on sustainable transitions 295 Kunbo Shi, Long Cheng and Frank Witlox 14 Identifying disruptive innovations in transport: the case of the Hyperloop 316 Yashar Araghi and Isabel R. Wilmink 15 Mission-oriented innovation policy: the case of the Swedish “Vision Zero” approach to traffic safety 343 Jannes Craens, Koen Frenken and Toon Meelen Index 359

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Book SynopsisThis timely book explores the likely success or failure of potential transport innovations. Chapters examine societally relevant effects of transport transitions, including impacts on the environment, accessibility, safety and more. It focuses on complex innovations in which both public and private actors are involved.Combining insights from innovation sciences with evolutionary economics, business economics, managerial sciences, psychology and history, the chapters consider state-of-the-art innovation theories applied to sustainable transport, with an emphasis on approaches to understanding behaviour. The book then explores a range of potential transitions, covering technological innovations such as vehicle electrification, e-bikes and light electric vehicles in city logistics, before moving on to look at service innovations including carsharing, mobility as a service and e-shopping.Offering coverage of both frameworks and innovation examples themselves, this book will be an interesting read for transport studies and innovation scholars. It will also be a useful tool for policy makers and planners working in the area.Trade Review‘A systems change is on its way. Cities all over the world are changing their mobility paradigms, trying to transform car-oriented cities into places for people. This change goes hand in hand with the necessary change towards climate neutral mobility and more liveable cities. It comes at a time when car ownership can be replaced by alternatives such as shared mobility or mobility as a service, and many other smaller and larger innovations are shaping the future. In this book it is shown how transition theory and other frameworks can help to understand the incremental and radical changes that are supporting this transition towards a more sustainable mobility system. A must-read for everyone who wants to understand what the future of mobility will look like!’ -- Cathy Macharis, VUB-Mobilise, Belgium‘The transportation field has long put its faith in technological innovation as a way to solve our problems, whether traffic congestion or environmental impacts. But it is not that simple, as the theoretical frameworks and specific examples presented in this book demonstrate. Readers will find many important insights here.’ -- Susan Handy, University of California, Davis, USTable of ContentsContents: Preface x 1 Introduction to Innovations in Transport 1 Bert van Wee, Jan Anne Annema and Jonathan Köhler PART I FRAMEWORKS FOR ANALYSING TRANSPORT INNOVATIONS 2 A transitions theory perspective on transport innovation 14 Bonno Pel 3 Modelling innovations in freight transport: a business ecosystem perspective 35 Giovanni Zenezini and Lóránt A. Tavasszy 4 Understanding mobility biographies: conceptual and empirical advancements and practical innovation 68 Henrike Rau and Joachim Scheiner 5 Behavioral economics and social nudges in sustainable travel 89 William Riggs 6 Transport innovation theories: a brief overview 111 Jan Anne Annema PART II TRANSPORT INNOVATIONS 7 Technological innovation systems and transport innovations: understanding vehicle electrification in Norway 131 Ove Langeland, Cyriac George and Erik Figenbaum 8 Beyond market success: unpacking the societal implications of the e-bike 164 Qi Sun 9 Explaining the growth in light electric vehicles in city logistics 188 Ron van Duin, Walther Ploos van Amstel and Hans Quak 10 Automated driving on the path to enlightenment? 221 Maaike Snelder, Gonçalo Homem de Almeida Correia and Bart van Arem 11 Assessing policies to scale up carsharing 242 Karla Münzel, Marlous Arentshorst, Wouter Boon and Koen Frenken 12 Mobility-as-a-Service: how governance is shaping an innovation and its outcomes 269 Wijnand Veeneman 13 E-shopping, travel behavior, and society: a multi-level perspective on sustainable transitions 295 Kunbo Shi, Long Cheng and Frank Witlox 14 Identifying disruptive innovations in transport: the case of the Hyperloop 316 Yashar Araghi and Isabel R. Wilmink 15 Mission-oriented innovation policy: the case of the Swedish “Vision Zero” approach to traffic safety 343 Jannes Craens, Koen Frenken and Toon Meelen Index 359

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Book SynopsisWritten in an accessible style with comprehensive coverage, the Handbook of Gender and Technology provides an excellent foundation examining gender equity in technology fields. Covering the state of the art, chapters consider three key influences – environmental, identity and individual – to highlight interventions to address the gender gap in technology. Using qualitative and quantitative methods, the expert contributors seek to understand the subjective reality of those experiencing gender barriers and to provide the reader with both theory and research results into gender diversity in technology. This Handbook provides a comprehensive review of issues faced by women and gender minorities in technology fields. It is global in perspective, including chapters about Africa, Asia-Pacific, Europe, and North America. It is intersectional in approach, including the standpoint of racial and ethnic minorities, persons with disabilities, and members of the LGBTQA+ community.Providing a unified look at the challenges faced, this insightful Handbook is an excellent resource for scholars interested in gender and social inclusion in technology fields. It also provides an informative guide for policymakers and managers in global organizations tasked with developing interventions using data-driven practices to address the gender gap.Trade Review‘Professors Trauth and Quesenberry pull together the most up-to-date and comprehensive view of the gender imbalance in the IT field that I am aware of. This is a timely infusion of what has been learned to date and why interventions to create more balance do and do not work. Given recent discussions in the Information Systems academic community, this should provide a wonderful resource to elevate the conversation from wheel spinning to serious action taking.’ -- Fred Niederman, St. Louis University, USTable of ContentsContents: 1 Introduction to the Handbook of Gender and Technology 1 Eileen M. Trauth and Jeria L. Quesenberry 2 An overview of the individual differences theory of gender and IT 22 Eileen M. Trauth PART I ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES 3 Invisible but ubiquitous: leveraging ICTs for development in gendered systems of exclusion – Nigeria and Cameroon 56 Patience Akpan-Obong 4 The gender gap in information systems service organizations in Korea: a contextual hierarchy perspective 77 Gyeung-min Kim, Namjae Cho and Hee-Sun Kim 5 The FESTA project: doing gender equality work in STEM faculties in Europe 90 Minna Salminen-Karlsson 6 National culture and policy institutionalizing workplace change: supporting women’s career progression in STEM through Athena SWAN 106 Regina Connolly and Ita Richardson 7 Promoting gender equality at two European universities through structural change interventions: the EQUAL-IST project 126 Elena Gorbacheva and Isabel Ramos 8 Connected and committed? Culture and context in career entrenchment of Indian and native-born women in the United States IT workforce 149 Monica Adya and Sangeeta Parashar 9 Thriving as women in IT publishing, leadership, and service: challenges faced and lessons learned 165 Cynthia K. Riemenschneider and Deborah J. Armstrong PART II IDENTITY INFLUENCES 10 The influence of intersectional identity on women in the IT field 182 Eileen M. Trauth 11 We cannot build equitable artificial intelligence hiring systems without the inclusion of minoritized technology workers 200 Lynette Yarger, Courtney Smith and Adanna Nedd 12 BLKGENIUS: a social-academic network for combating the underrepresentation of Black men in computing in the United States 216 Curtis C. Cain 13 Founding oSTEM: trailblazing for LGBTQA+ communities 229 Eric Patridge 14 The chains that bind: gender, disability, race, and IT accommodations 252 Eleanor T. Loiacono and Shiya Cao 15 Gender and work–life balance in the IT field 273 Manju K. Ahuja PART III INDIVIDUAL INFLUENCES 16 Empowering Techgirls: role modeling and mentoring the next generation in STEM 296 Tricia Massey, Jenine Beekhuyzen and Sue Nielsen 17 Intervention organizations to increase women’s engagement with IT: a case study of NCWIT 311 Roli Varma 18 Lessons from women coping with IT workplace barriers 328 Hala Annabi 19 Job crafting to recruit and retain women in the IT workforce: what would it take to keep you here? 351 Mari W. Buche 20 Applying a feminist ethics of care in conducting internet-based archival gender research: the case of studying Gamergate Reactions 369 Florence M. Chee, Todd Suomela, Bettina Berendt and Geoffrey Martin Rockwell 21 Longitudinal effects on individual influences in women’s pursuit of computer science education 386 Jeria L. Quesenberry 22 Am I good enough? Sources of IT self-efficacy as key impediments to narrowing the IT gender gap 398 K.D. Joshi Index 415

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Book SynopsisData Ethics of Power takes a reflective and fresh look at the ethical implications of transforming everyday life and the world through the effortless, costless, and seamless accumulation of extra layers of data. By shedding light on the constant tensions that exist between ethical principles and the interests invested in this socio-technical transformation, the book bridges the theory and practice divide in the study of the power dynamics that underpin these processes of the digitalization of the world. Gry Hasselbalch expertly draws on nearly two decades of experience in the field, and key literature, to advance a better understanding of the challenges faced by big data and AI developers. She provides an innovative ethical framework for studying and governing Big-Data and Artificial Intelligence. Offering both a historical account and a theoretical analysis of power dynamics and their ethical implications, as well as incisive ideas to guide future research and governance practices, the book makes a significant contribution to the establishment of an emerging data and AI ethics discipline.This timely book is a must-read for scholars studying AI, data, and technology ethics. Policymakers in the regulatory, governance, public administration, and management sectors will find the practical proposals for a human-centric approach to big data and AI to be a valuable resource for revising and developing future policies.Trade Review’In this concise work, Hasselbalch outlines the ramifications of power with respect to data ethics and cultural data practices. Beginning with definitions of common terminology used in the field, Hasselbalch establishes common ground for readers and takes them through a breadth of power scenarios in various areas of data ethics practice. She explores the influence of power in realistic situations such as policy vacuums and surveillance society. Though a number of publications address data science ethics, what sets this work apart is the robust depth of knowledge the author brings to the topic; she moves beyond a descriptive approach to focus on the interactive relationship between power and data ethics. The text usefully identifies regional differences between the European Union and other areas of the world in light of the EU's stringent data-protections regime. Given the regional differences and international nature of many data science operations, this work is relevant to students worldwide. Hasselbalch offers a rich bibliography for extended study along with the usual backmatter. Undergraduate and graduate students studying computer science and related technologies will profit from reading the book. Highly recommended. Lower- and upper-division undergraduates.’ -- K J Whitehair, CHOICE‘Data Ethics of Power is an instant classic of technology law and policy. Its wise and topical policy recommendations stand on rigorous philosophical foundations. In Hasselbalch’s work, we are taken on a journey to the origins of ethics, to understand the critical importance of empowering institutions for wise governance of AI. As policymakers work to promote and channel AI, they should find much here to guide their deliberations. Deeply relevant to academics, practitioners, and anyone interested in the future development of advanced technology, Data Ethics of Power revitalizes the field of AI ethics.’ -- Frank Pasquale, Brooklyn Law School, US‘This book offers a unique and timely contribution to the fields of data and AI ethics by examining power structures in both the big data and the AI ethics space. Dr. Hasselbalch provides a paradigm shift in thinking about data ethics and power stating that data ethics is not only about power but also is power. Re-framing the discussion in this way uncovers novel solutions to the pressing problems created by big data and AI. This book is required reading for academics, industry leaders, and policy makers in the data and AI ethics space looking to address the future of data and AI in society on a global scale.’ -- Aimee van Wynsberghe, University of Bonn, Germany‘Data Ethics of Power by Gry Hasselbalch provides a deeply impactful approach to a subject typically bogged down by technical or political dogma by identifying the systems of power that create the highest levels of obfuscation around data. But it is in her revelation that open, unconditional love will provide the individual and communal willingness for genuine change that her words bring essential human healing regarding autonomous data ethics governance.’ -- John C. Havens, author of Heartificial Intelligence: Embracing our Humanity to Maximize Machines‘A recurring criticism of tech ethics is that ideas about responsible innovation are idealizations—aspirational wish lists too far removed from inequitable real-world power struggles. Gry Hasselbalch’s Data Ethics of Power: A Human Approach in the Big Data and AI Era provides a much-needed corrective. This masterful, interdisciplinary work makes a deep, human-centered case for conceptualizing and practicing data ethics as interrogating and negotiating infrastructures of power and their complex underlying cultural conditions.’ -- Evan Selinger, Rochester Institute of Technology, USTable of ContentsContents: Preface Introduction to Data Ethics of Power 1. Big Data Sociotechnical Infrastructures (BDSTIs) 2. Sociotechnical change and data ethical governance 3. Artificial Intelligence Sociotechnical Infrastructures (AISTIs) 4. Data interests and data cultures 5. What is data ethics? 6. Conclusion to Data Ethics of Power Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisAI and Popular Culture explores the development and social significance of artificial intelligence by looking at representations in fiction, film and television, as well as examining the effect of AI technologies on the way we consume culture. Lee Barron traces the evolution of AI – from the Turing Machine to deep learning, to interrogate the key issues and debates. He uses examples of AI from pop culture to help us understand how the technology is changing aspects of society from surveillance and work to human relationships with technology. AI and Popular Culture sheds light on how artificial intelligence has changed our world and helps you to understand where it might take us next. It also makes significant contributions to Media and Cultural Studies, Humanities, and Social Sciences, as well as to subjects such as AI Ethics and Society and Computing.Table of ContentsIntroduction- The Age of AI Technics Chapter 1. The Development of Artificial Intelligence and AI Debates Chapter 2. AI and Literature Chapter 3. AI and Film Chapter 4. AI and Television Chapter 5. AI Culture: Living with Artificial Intelligence Conclusion- AI Futures: The Terminator, Kurzweil or Machine Learning Scenario?

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Book SynopsisThis timely book takes an insightful look at rethinking innovation and how lessons can be learnt from what is a major turning point in our contemporary societies: the urgent need to reduce the use or consumption of certain substances and technologies due to the dangers they pose to our environments and current way of life. Using theoretical reflection and empirical work in a broad range of sectors including agriculture, food, health, religion, energy, packaging, markets and digital technology, eminent scholars utilise new perspectives to enrich our understanding of innovation processes and how these can be transformed.New Horizons for Innovation Studies provides a deep dive into what our production and consumption processes are, how they could be innovated differently and how those innovations could interrogate social science concepts and in particular science and technology studies. Chapters explore key case studies and topics for innovation studies, such as the reduced use of antibiotics and pesticides, car-free cities, bans on plastic use and decreasing meat consumption. Further, the book challenges both the partial and complete withdrawal of certain substances and technologies that currently sit at the heart of our contemporary lifestyles, and explores the emergence of alternatives as well as the potential resistance, risks and outcomes.This engaging book will provide a thought-provoking read for scholars and graduate students in innovation policy, science and technology studies and public policy.Trade Review‘With social and environmental imperatives for transformation now taken for granted even at the most elite levels of international governance, there could hardly be a more timely and topical subject: the rethinking of innovation to be as much about how to withdraw from technologies as how to grow them. The result is a refreshingly deeply researched, wide-ranging and ambitious collection of accessible chapters both new and old – all highly practical and policy-relevant. This book is essential reading for anyone interested in taking seriously the responsibilities to steer innovation in directions that deliver peace, social justice and ecological flourishing.’ -- Andy Stirling, University of Sussex, UK‘This is a wonderful and timely contribution to innovation studies, and to science, technology and society studies. Everyone in those fields should read it, and profit from it.’ -- Arie Rip, University of Twente, the NetherlandsTable of ContentsContents: Beyond withdrawal, rethinking innovation in society: introductory considerations 1 Frédéric Goulet and Dominique Vinck PART I FRAMEWORKS 1 Withdrawal in the light of a historical analysis of innovation 18 Benoît Godin 2 Governing the discontinuation of large socio-technical systems 29 Pierre-Benoît Joly, Marc Barbier and Bruno Turnheim 3 How do technologies die? Studies of decline in literature on technological change 47 Zahar Koretsky PART II MECHANISMS FOR DETACHMENT 4 Going gluten-free: individual trajectories of avoidance 71 Grégori Akermann and Paul Coeurquetin 5 Reducing plastic use: from problems and solutions to problematisation 88 Gay Hawkins and Anisah Madden 6 Food without animals: substitution and exclusion 106 Sébastien Mouret and Jocelyne Porcher 7 The value of the Negawatt: load-shifting electricity consumption 120 Thomas Reverdy PART III INTENSITY OF DETACHMENT 8 Preventive moderation: vaccine hesitancy and vaccine selection in Quebec, 1960s–1990s 136 Laurence Monnais 9 Strong withdrawal or weak withdrawal? Problematization of pesticides and categorization of their alternatives in Argentina, Brazil and France 153 Frédéric Goulet, Alexis Aulagnier and Matthieu Hubert 10 Reducing antibiotic use in livestock farming 168 Nicolas Fortané, Florence Hellec, Florence Beaugrand, Nathalie Joly, and Mathilde Paul 11 White paper in a greening world: a journey through struggles over substitutes for chlorine bleaching 182 Nicolas Baya-Laffite PART IV DE-INTERMEDIATION AND REAGENCEMENT 12 Breaking with the assumption of centralization: an attempt to set up a peer-to-peer digital network for sharing agricultural data 201 Léa Stiefel and Dominique Vinck 13 Withdrawing as a matter of re-agencing: the case of bulk sales 216 Franck Cochoy, Alexandre Mallard and Cyrus Eugenio PART V RESISTANCE AND LOCKING 14 When industry holds back the withdrawal of an endocrine disruptor 230 Henri Boullier 15 Pharmaceutical markets and drug withdrawals 245 Nils Kessel 16 Uninventing the bomb 258 Donald MacKenzie 17 Aftercare, or doing less with discontinuation niche governance 268 Peter Stegmaier Conclusion: New Horizons for Innovation Studies 289 Frédéric Goulet and Dominique Vinck Index 300

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Book SynopsisThe study of the social implications of human enhancement is an interdisciplinary work that draws from the fields of political science, sociology, philosophy, and bioethics, among others. It is also a complex and rapidly evolving subject that raises important questions about the potential benefits and risks of these technologies, as well as how society should govern and regulate their development and use. An in-depth exploration of current and future human enhancement technologies, this book delves into the specifics of current and emerging human enhancement technologies, such as cognitive enhancers, brain-computer interfaces, and genetic engineering, discussing the state of the art, the limitations and also the technological developments that one can expect in the future and how they can be regulated and used responsibly.

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Book SynopsisThe scientific and technological innovations that will take place over the next decade will transform our society in profound ways. Sex robots, or robots made for sex, are already becoming a reality as a substitute for human beings in bed: although current prototypes are relatively simple and crude, future technological capabilities will render sex robots capable of interacting with humans in more human-like ways. They will be able to recognize their partner, understand their state of mind, and learn their tastes and preferences.Professor Maurizio Balistreri introduces us to the fascinating world of sex of the future by addressing all the ethical issues that the large-scale commercialization of sex robots will raise without taboos and judgements. What will become of love if all our sexual relationships are conducted with machines? What will happen to the world of paid sex and pornography? Will sex robots increase or decrease sexual violence? In addition to confronting the international debate on the moral acceptability of sex robots, this book examines the most recent studies on violent video games and pornography, questioning the widespread belief that playing violent games or witnessing violent representations corrupts people and makes them violent. Not only could sex robots be an essential tool for expressing and exploring our most forbidden sexual fantasies, but they could also be used to treat sex offenders and paedophiles. Sex Robots is a book that questions our prejudices towards sex robots with clarity and simplicity, helping us reason and reflect on a future that is already present, in the awareness that robots will change the world and our lives.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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Book SynopsisRecent debate about the ethical and regulatory dimensions of developments in genetics has sidelined societal and cultural aspects, which arguably are indispensable for a nuanced understanding of the complexities of the topic. Regulatory and ethical debates benefit from taking seriously this 'third dimension' of culture, which often determines the configurations and limits of the space within which scientific, ethical and legal debate can take place. To fill this gap, this volume brings together contributions exploring the mutual relationships between genetics, markets, societies and identities in genetics and genomics. It draws upon the recent transdisciplinary debate on how socio-cultural factors influence understandings of 'genetics2.0'' and shows how individual and collective identities are challenged or reinforced by cultural meanings and practices of genetics. This book will become a standard reference for everyone seeking to make sense of the controversies and shifts in the fieTrade Review’This is a timely and important publication that fills a gap in research and teaching. The editors have done a great job putting together a range of thoughtful analyses on the ethical, social and personal challenges that follow when genetics leaves the lab and the headlines and becomes an everyday issue for ordinary people. I will be happy to recommend this book to my students.’ Lene Koch, University of Copenhagen, Denmark ’As technology produces an unprecedented level of genetic information, this book successfully analyses the changing social and ethical implications and challenges for individuals and societies. This is a clear and essential reference for both academics and lay readers that explores the dramatic present and future impact of genetics from a social, political and scientific perspective.’ Tim Spector, King’s College London, UKTable of ContentsChapter 1 Geneticising Life: A Collective Endeavour and its Challenges, Barbara Prainsack, Silke Schicktanz, Gabriele Werner-Felmayer; Part I Creating Identities; Chapter 2 Will Personal Genomic Information Transform One’s Self?, Jennifer R. Fishman, Michelle L. McGowan; Chapter 3 The Changing Self: Philosophical Concepts of Self and Personal Identity in a Post-clinical Age of Genetics, Josef Quitterer; Chapter 4 1An earlier version of this chapter appeared in Race and the Genetic Revolution, edited by S. Krimsky and K.Sloan. New York: Columbia University Press, 2010., Troy Duster; Chapter 5 Other Stories: Artistic Explorations of Genealogy and Identity, Priska Gisler, Mo Diener, Luzia Hürzeler; Part II Sharing Knowledge; Chapter 6 1Portions of this essay were originally published in Czas Kultury (6, 2010)., Paul Vanouse; Chapter 7 Consequences of Sequences, Codes and Messages:, Gabriele Werner-Felmayer; Chapter 8 The Ethics of Patenting in Genetics: A Second Enclosure of the Commons?, Sigrid Sterckx, Julian Cockbain; Part III Part Icipating in the Social Laboratory; Chapter 9 Understanding Part Icipation: The ‘Citizen Science’ of Genetics, Barbara Prainsack; Chapter 10 LabouringMe, LabouringUs, Gisli Palsson; Chapter 11 Making Responsible Life Plans: Cultural Differences in Lay Attitudes toward Predictive Genetic Testing for Late-Onset Diseases, Aviad E. Raz, Nitzan Rimon-Zarfaty, Julia Inthorn, Silke Schicktanz; Chapter 12 Genetic Responsibility Revisited: Moral and Cultural Implications of Genetic Prediction of Alzheimer’s Disease, Silke Schicktanz, Friederike Kogel;

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Book SynopsisWhich Side of History? offers a collection of bold essays on how technology is affecting democracy, society, and our future. Featuring prominent national voices such as Sacha Baron Cohen, Marc Benioff, Ellen Pao, Ken Auletta, Chelsea Clinton, Tim Wu, Khaled Hosseini, Nicholas Kristof and Sheryl WuDunn, Jaron Lanier, Willow Bay, Sal Khan, Sherry Turkle, Shoshana Zuboff, Vivek Murthy, Geoffrey Canada, and many more. The essays focus on the extraordinary impact of technology on our privacy, kids and families, race and gender roles, democracy, climate change, and mental health. This groundbreaking book challenges opinion leaders and the broader public to take action to improve technology's effects on our lives. • Featuring notable journalists, engineers, entrepreneurs, novelists, activists, filmmakers, business leaders, scholars, and researchers, including: Thomas Friedman, Kara Swisher, Michelle Alexander, Jennifer Siebel Newsom, Jenna Wortham, Cameron Kasky, Howard Gardner, and Tristan Harris. • Explores the ethical behavior of Big Tech, or the lack thereof. • Offers roadmaps for constructive change and thought-provoking perspectives. With the rise of cyberbullying and hate speech online, issues around climate change and technology, and the "move fast and break things" mentality of tech culture, Which Side of History? will urge readers to draw the line. • This book will help shape the conversations we have around technology in our society and our future for years to come. • A smart gift for anyone who approaches tech and the future with a healthy skepticism • Edited by James P. Steyer, the CEO and founder of Common Sense Media. • Add it to the shelf with books like Ten Arguments for Deleting Your Social Media Accounts Right Now by Jaron Lanier, The Shallows: What the Internet Is Doing to Our Brains by Nicholas Carr, and The Age of Surveillance Capitalism: The Fight for a Human Future at the New Frontier of Power by Shoshana Zuboff.

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