Ethical issues: scientific and medical developments Books

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Book SynopsisThe dream of control over human behaviour is an old dream, shared by many cultures. This fascinating account of the histories of human engineering describes how technologies of managing individuals and groups were developed from the nineteenth century to the present day, ranging from brainwashing and mind control to Dale Carnegie''s art of dealing with people. Derksen reveals that common to all of them is the perpetual tension between the desire to control people''s behaviour and the resistance this provokes. Thus to influence other people successfully, technology had to be combined with tact: with a personal touch, with a subtle hint, or with outright deception, manipulations are made palatable or invisible. Combining psychological history and theory with insights from science and technology studies and rhetorical scholarship, Derksen offers a fresh perspective on human engineering that will appeal to those interested in the history of psychology and the history of technology.Trade Review'Reflecting his own subtlety, sensitivity and wit, Maarten Derksen crafts a persuasive analysis of the tact and technologies involved in the dealings between people and machines, brains and behaviour. Hard to put down once you've started reading!' Douwe Draaisma, University of Groningen, Netherlands'Histories of Human Engineering: Tact and Technology delivers a radical and thoroughly appealing approach to understanding the aspirations to effectively control human behavior. Eschewing the time-worn critiques of the manipulation of people and notions of human docility that undergird control technologies, Derksen engages empirical evidence from these technologies to show how they demonstrate the vibrant human presence of resistance, judgment, habit, and indeterminacy.' Jill Morawski, Wesleyan University, Connecticut'In this richly impressive work, Derksen shows how the historical projects of psychology re-envisage and re-engineer how the human is managed and resisted. Whilst psychologists will see their discipline in a new and fascinating light, Derksen has also made a significant and compelling intervention into the debate about the emergence of the modern subject.' Steven Brown, University of Leicester'Winner of the 2018 Cheiron Book Prize, Maarten Derksen's (2017) Histories of Human Engineering: Tact and Technology is a deeply‐researched, broad‐ranging study of human engineering in the behavioral, psychological, and social sciences, and beyond.' Edward K. Morris, Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences'In Histories of Human Engineering, Maarten Derksen, a historian of psychology at the University of Groningen, presents a well-informed overview, ranging from Frederick Taylor's scientific management to the current craze for 'neuromarketing'. … the book teaches an important lesson about the limitations of both human engineering and the human sciences …' Ruud Abma, Isis'For historians of social science, the book is innovative in that the interface between social science and technology is investigated rather than presumed or critiqued a priori, and because it addresses the friction between the disciplines of sociology, psychology, and political science without presenting siloed disciplinary histories.' Bregje F. van Eekelen, Technology and CultureTable of Contents1. Introduction; 2. Tact and technology; 3. Scientific management and the human factor; 4. 'Social technology'; 5. Dale Carnegie and the fine art of dealing with people; 6. Karl Popper's social technology and the personal element; 7. Tactful leadership; 8. Mind control; 9. The priming saga: the subtle technology of psychological experimentation; Conclusion.

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Book SynopsisRecent debate about the ethical and regulatory dimensions of developments in genetics has sidelined societal and cultural aspects, which arguably are indispensable for a nuanced understanding of the complexities of the topic. Regulatory and ethical debates benefit from taking seriously this 'third dimension' of culture, which often determines the configurations and limits of the space within which scientific, ethical and legal debate can take place. To fill this gap, this volume brings together contributions exploring the mutual relationships between genetics, markets, societies and identities in genetics and genomics. It draws upon the recent transdisciplinary debate on how socio-cultural factors influence understandings of 'genetics2.0'' and shows how individual and collective identities are challenged or reinforced by cultural meanings and practices of genetics. This book will become a standard reference for everyone seeking to make sense of the controversies and shifts in the fieTrade Review’This is a timely and important publication that fills a gap in research and teaching. The editors have done a great job putting together a range of thoughtful analyses on the ethical, social and personal challenges that follow when genetics leaves the lab and the headlines and becomes an everyday issue for ordinary people. I will be happy to recommend this book to my students.’ Lene Koch, University of Copenhagen, Denmark ’As technology produces an unprecedented level of genetic information, this book successfully analyses the changing social and ethical implications and challenges for individuals and societies. This is a clear and essential reference for both academics and lay readers that explores the dramatic present and future impact of genetics from a social, political and scientific perspective.’ Tim Spector, King’s College London, UKTable of ContentsChapter 1 Geneticising Life: A Collective Endeavour and its Challenges, Barbara Prainsack, Silke Schicktanz, Gabriele Werner-Felmayer; Part I Creating Identities; Chapter 2 Will Personal Genomic Information Transform One’s Self?, Jennifer R. Fishman, Michelle L. McGowan; Chapter 3 The Changing Self: Philosophical Concepts of Self and Personal Identity in a Post-clinical Age of Genetics, Josef Quitterer; Chapter 4 1An earlier version of this chapter appeared in Race and the Genetic Revolution, edited by S. Krimsky and K.Sloan. New York: Columbia University Press, 2010., Troy Duster; Chapter 5 Other Stories: Artistic Explorations of Genealogy and Identity, Priska Gisler, Mo Diener, Luzia Hürzeler; Part II Sharing Knowledge; Chapter 6 1Portions of this essay were originally published in Czas Kultury (6, 2010)., Paul Vanouse; Chapter 7 Consequences of Sequences, Codes and Messages:, Gabriele Werner-Felmayer; Chapter 8 The Ethics of Patenting in Genetics: A Second Enclosure of the Commons?, Sigrid Sterckx, Julian Cockbain; Part III Part Icipating in the Social Laboratory; Chapter 9 Understanding Part Icipation: The ‘Citizen Science’ of Genetics, Barbara Prainsack; Chapter 10 LabouringMe, LabouringUs, Gisli Palsson; Chapter 11 Making Responsible Life Plans: Cultural Differences in Lay Attitudes toward Predictive Genetic Testing for Late-Onset Diseases, Aviad E. Raz, Nitzan Rimon-Zarfaty, Julia Inthorn, Silke Schicktanz; Chapter 12 Genetic Responsibility Revisited: Moral and Cultural Implications of Genetic Prediction of Alzheimer’s Disease, Silke Schicktanz, Friederike Kogel;

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Book SynopsisA collection of essays which deploy rhetorical lenses to explore how mathematics influences the values and beliefs with which we assess the world and make decisions, as well as how our values and beliefs influence the kinds of mathematical instruments we construct and accept. Trade Review“Arguing with Numbers is a major contribution to the rhetoric of science, technology, and medicine and is full of important resources for teaching communication to math and engineering students. We can only hope, too, that it will become a foundational book, fostering the further growth of a rhetorical subfield investigating mathematics, related formal systems, and the disciplines that study them.”—Randy Allen Harris,editor of Rhetoric and Incommensurability

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Book SynopsisA wide-ranging history of assisted reproductive technologies and their ethical implications. Finalist of the PROSE Award for Best Book in History of Science, Medicine and Technology by the Association of American PublishersSince the 1978 birth of the first IVF baby, Louise Brown, in England, more than eight million children have been born with the help of assisted reproductive technologies. From the start, they have stirred controversy and raised profound questions: Should there be limits to the lengths to which people can go to make their idea of family a reality? Who should pay for treatment? How can we ensure the ethical use of these technologies? And what can be done to address the racial and economic disparities in access to care that enable some to have children while others go without?In The Pursuit of Parenthood, historian Margaret Marsh and gynecologist Wanda Ronner seek to answer these challenging questions. Bringing their unique expertise in gender history and women's healTrade ReviewMargaret Marsh and Wanda Ronner are clear in what they advocate . . . they are wonderfully level-headed guides.—Michele Pridmore-Brown, Times Literary SupplementTable of ContentsPreface Introduction. The Past as Prologue Chapter 1. Test-Tube Babies Just around the Corner Chapter 2. From First Dream to First Baby Chapter 3. IVF Comes to America Chapter 4. From Miracle Births to Medical Mainstream Chapter 5. The Elusive Search for National Consensus Chapter 6. A Lot of Money Being MadeChapter 7. Beyond InfertilityChapter 8. Can the Wild West of Reproductive Medicine Be Tamed?Appendix. Assisted Reproductive Technologies by (Some of) the Numbers Acknowledgments NotesIndex

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Book SynopsisExperiments in Democracy presents a history of American debates over human embryo research from the late 1960s to the present, exploring their crucial role in shaping norms, practices, and institutions of deliberation governing the ethical challenges of modern bioscience.Trade ReviewWhere is American democracy made? In this path-breaking study of bioethics bodies, Hurlbut finds answers in an unexpected place. Tracing the contorted history of US debates on human embryo research, he brilliantly reveals the power accorded to scientific authority in establishing the preconditions, and even the right language, for valid moral reasoning. Full of original insights, and supported by a wealth of archival research, this is political theory remade with the tools of science and technology studies. It deserves a place beside John Rawls' seminal works on democratic deliberation and public reason. -- Sheila Jasanoff, Pforzheimer Professor of Science and Technology Studies, Harvard Kennedy School In this book, Hurlbut takes the social analysis of public bioethics to the next and higher level. With a focus on how bioethics claims are justified in liberal democratic societies and with a keen interpretive eye on debates about human embryos, I found many of his analyses to be profoundly insightful. This book is a must read for anyone interested in bio-policy in general and public bioethics in particular. -- John H. Evans, University of California, San Diego A well-documented and rigorously argued book that analyzes the modes of public reason that have guided U.S. debates about the human embryo. Hurlbut shows how prevailing modes of reasoning gave science a constitutional role in configuring the terms of ethical discourse. Experiments in Democracy offers a fascinating study of the role of scientific authority in deliberation about bioethical issues in the United States. Important for understanding bioethical debates and the contemporary politics of American democracy. -- Stephen Hilgartner, Department of Science & Technology Studies, Cornell UniversityTable of ContentsAcknowledgments Introduction: The Politics of Experiment 1. New Beginnings 2. Producing Life 3. Representing Reason 4. Cloning, Knowledge, and the Politics of Consensus 5. Confusing Deliberation 6. In the Laboratories of Democracy 7. Religion, Reason, and the Politics of Progress 8. The Legacy of Experiment Notes Index

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Book SynopsisExamines widespread myths about transhumanism and explores the most pressing ethical issues in the debate over technologically assisted human enhancement.Trade Review“Stefan Lorenz Sorgner is one of the world's leading experts in the fields of trans- and post-humanism. His new book is both thoughtful and forward-looking and will be a welcome addition to the literature on the subject.”—Wolfgang Welsch,Friedrich-Schiller University of Jena“Sorgner provides a detailed and distinct overview of what defines transhumanism and what is understood as transhumanism. His knowledge of the international state of scientific research and of the continental and utilitarian traditions of moral philosophy underline the fact that [this] book is a very informative and fascinating read.”—Thomas Damberger and Estella Hebert Journal of Evolution and Technology“Prof. Sorgner crafted a well-rounded, provocative philosophy piece that tends to challenge the established opinions on human boundaries and perspectives, by teaching and simultaneously allowing to be taught (that is, enhanced), which makes it a rare find and a noteworthy event within . . . posthuman scholarship.”—Aleksandar Talovic Journal of Posthumanism“If you care about the philosophical roots of technological progress, or ways in which these may manifest themselves in future policy, you should have this one on your shelf.”—Woody Evans Prometheus: Critical Studies in InnovationTable of ContentsAcknowledgementsTranslator’s Introduction: Transhumanism in TranslationIntroductory Remarks1. Is Transhumanism the Most Dangerous Idea in the World?2. A Roadmap of Enhancement Debates3. Pedigrees of Metahumanism, Posthumanism, and Transhumanism4. Nietzsche and Transhumanism5. Twelve Pillars of Transhumanist DiscourseConcluding ThoughtsNotesWorks CitedIndex

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Book SynopsisThe rampant use of genetically modified food incites public debate among activists, ethicists, scientists, regulators and industry representatives. But why is it so controversial? This timely and balanced book explores the many myths and arguments surrounding this extremely topical issue.

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Book SynopsisThe first decade of the twenty-first century marked the demise of the current world order. Despite widespread acknowledgement of these disruptive crises, the proposed response from the mainstream remains the same. Against the confines of this increasingly limited politics, a new paradigm has emerged. Fully Automated Luxury Communism claims that new technologies will liberate us from work, providing the opportunity to build a society beyond both capitalism and scarcity. Automation, rather than undermining an economy built on full employment, is instead the path to a world of liberty, luxury and happiness. For everyone.In his first book, radical political commentator Aaron Bastani conjures a new politics: a vision of a world of unimaginable hope, highlighting how we move to energy abundance, feed a world of nine billion, overcome work, transcend the limits of biology and build meaningful freedom for everyone. Rather than a final destination, such a society heralds the beginning of history.Fully Automated Luxury Communism promises a radically new left future for everyone.Trade ReviewIn 100 years' time many of the ideas in this book will be mainstream, while kindergarten students laugh at our mainstream economic textbooks. Bastani's genius is to see the future with crisp clarity, unafraid of the consequences of being right. -- Paul Mason, author of PostcapitalismOne of the most important books to come out of the British left in recent years. Incredibly ambitious and wide-ranging, but also well-written and readable, it provides a fascinating glimpse into a future beyond scarcity and beyond capitalism. Not simply a set of predictions about an unknowable future, it is a call to action to those seeking to bring an entirely new world into being. -- Grace Blakeley, New StatesmanThe debate is no longer about tinkering with our current broken social order, but replacing it: this fascinating book is an absolutely critical contribution, and a must-read for all those who aspire to build a new society. -- Owen Johns, author of The EstablishmentAt a time when our horizons have shrunk, when instead of striving for a better world we look backward to old comforts, Aaron Bastani calls us to dream and struggle for the type of society finally fit for humanity to live as humans should.' -- Bhaskar Sunkara, author of The Socialist ManifestoA startlingly sunny and audacious manifesto that reads the extremity of current political, economic, and environmental crises as a sign of the scale of opportunity for radical change...[Bastani] gamely reclaims the stuff of dystopia for a more buoyant vision . . . Bastani's arguments rest on the conviction that the major problems that face citizens are political in nature-and thus that their only possible solutions will be political, too -- Lidija Haas * Harpers *Angry and lyrical, uncompromising and vivid, Imperial Intimacies is a daughter's reckoning with the bitter legacies of slavery and colonialism as they come to shape the lives of families and individuals, their dreams and desires. A deeply searching and often moving book, it made me think again about the writing of family history and about what it means to be British. -- Alison Light, author of Common PeopleBastani writes with pace, economy and infectious enthusiasm ... There are more ideas crammed in here than in a whole shelf of standard politics books. And in today's fraught world, the time to read whole shelves of politics books may have passed. -- Andy Beckett * Guardian *Fully Automated Luxury Communism offers a hopeful vision of a possible future, one that, with its blend of utopian energy and careful argumentation, is worth taking seriously. * Vector *Attempts to take the word back to Marx's post-work, post-scarcity future. -- Sarah Jaffe * Bookforum *A startlingly sunny and audacious manifesto that reads the extremity of current political, economic, and environmental crises as a sign of the scale of opportunity for radical change...[Bastani] gamely reclaims the stuff of dystopia for a more buoyant vision. -- Lidja Haas * Harpers *A rising young leftwing provocateur . . .There are more ideas crammed in here than in a whole shelf of standard politics books -- Andy Beckett * Guardian *[Fully Automated Luxury Communism] is a provocative ... reckoning with the end of market capitalism, and what might follow ... in outlining the benefits of decarbonised economies, worker-owned businesses, people's banks, planet taxes and universal basic services, Bastani is starting to put flesh on the spectre that might one day haunt Europe again. -- Gavin Jacobson * New Statesman *In outlining the benefits of decarbonised economies, worker-owned businesses, people's banks, planet taxes and universal basic services, Bastani is starting to put flesh on the spectre that might one day haunt Europe again -- Gavin Williamson * New Statesman *Jeremy Corbyn's new left ... do not wish only to manage capitalism. They want something more. They are something more. And this book is an attempt to explain what that more is. * Times *[Bastani's] limpid prose, fuelled by an infectious revolutionary elan, adroitly synthesises ... big ideas for lay readers and deftly elucidates the continued relevance of Marx's writings... [Fully Automated Luxury Communism] serves as a vital broadening of our political horizons * Morning Star *A feisty manifesto . . . proposes a blueprint for a new society; one in which advanced technology will free humanity from the necessity to work * New Internationalist *An entertaining ... romp through some of the most profound innovations and developments that could, if managed under the aegis of socialism, transform the way in which we live our lives. * Quietus *A stimulating intervention ... fascinating on the dazzling possibilities of the present * New Humanist *A knowingly provocative ... utopian manifesto ... a refreshing departure from the the usual forecasts of machine-led jobpocalypse. * Times Literary Supplement *It's a manifesto that imagines life in a post-capitalist world where automation has replaced manual labour, and it applies the theories of Marx to show how this could save us from dystopia. Its a pretty audacious book.' -- Gruff Rhys * Observer *

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Book SynopsisThis interdisciplinary and international handbook captures and shapes much needed reflection on normative frameworks for the production, application, and use of artificial intelligence in all spheres of individual, commercial, social, and public life.Trade ReviewThe ethics of AI is a dynamic field, and so anythingwritten on the topic is likely to be out of date by the time it is published. Thanks to the acumen of its editors, however, the Oxford Handbook of Ethics of AI will remain relevant despite these shifting conceptual and methodological sands. * Fabio Tollon, Department of Philosophy, Bielefeld University, Germany, Prometheus *Table of ContentsPart I. Introduction & Overview 1. The Artificial Intelligence of Ethics of AI: An Introductory Overview Joanna Bryson 2. The Ethics of Ethics of AI: Mapping the Field Thomas Powers, Delaware & Jean-Gabriel Ganascia 3. Ethics of AI in Context: Society & Culture Judith Donath Part II. Frameworks & Modes 4. Why Industry Self-regulation Will Not Deliver 'Ethical AI': A Call for Legally Mandated Techniques of 'Human Rights by Design' Karen Yeung, Andrew Howes and Ganna Pogrebna 5. Private Sector AI: Ethics and Incentives Tom Slee 6. Normative Modes: Codes & Standards Paula Boddington 7. Normative Modes: Professional Ethics Urs Gasser Part III. Concepts & Issues 8. Fairness and the Concept of 'Bias' Safiya Umoja Noble 9. Accountability in Computer Systems Joshua Kroll 10. Transparency Nick Diakopoulos 11. Responsibility Virginia Dignum 12. The Concept of Handoff as a Model for Ethical Analysis and Design Helen Nissenbaum & Deirdre Mulligan 13. Race and Gender Timnit Gebru 14. The Future of Work in the Age of AI: Displacement, Augmentation, or Control? Karen Levy & Pegah Moradi 15. The Rights of Artificial Intelligences John Basl and Joseph Bowen 16. The Singularity: Sobering up About Merging with AI Susan Schneider 17. Do Sentient AIs Have Rights? If So, What Kind? Mark Kingwell 18. Autonomy Michael Wheeler 19. Troubleshooting AI and Consent Meg Leta Jones 20. Is Human Judgment Necessary? Norman Spaulding 21. Sexuality John Danaher IV. Perspectives & Approaches 22. Computer Science Benjamin Kuipers 23. Engineering Jason Millar 24. Designing Robots Ethically Without Designing Ethical Robots: A Perspective from Cognitive Science Ron Chrisley 25. Economics Anton Korinek 26. Statistics Martin Wells 27. Automating Origination: Perspectives from the Humanities Avery Slater 28. Philosophy David Gunkel 29. The Complexity of Otherness: Anthropological contributions to robots and AI Kathleen Richardson 30. Calculative Composition: The Ethics of Automating Design Shannon Mattern 31. Global South Chinmayi Arun 32. East Asia Danit Gal 33. Artificial Intelligence and Inequality in the Middle East: The Political Economy of Inclusion Nagla Rizk 34. Europe's struggle to set global AI standards Andrea Renda Part V. Cases & Applications 35. The Ethics of Artificial Intelligence in Transportation Bryant Walker Smith 36. Military Jai Galliott 37. The Ethics of AI in Biomedical Research, Medicine and Public Health Effy Vayena & Alessandro Blasimme 38. Law: Basic Questions Harry Surden 39. Law: Criminal Law Chelsea Barabas 40. Law: Public Law & Policy: Notice, Predictability, and Due Process Kiel Brennan-Marquez 41. Law: Immigration & Refugee Law Petra Molnar 42. Education Elana Zeide 43. Algorithms and the Social Organization of Work Ifeoma Ajunwa 44. Smart City Ethics Ellen Goodman

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Book SynopsisCurrent debates on sustainability are building on a problematic assumption that technological advancement is a desired phenomenon, creating positive change in human organizations. This transdisciplinary book develops a new way to conceptualize and examine technology, and outlines feasible alternatives for sustainability beyond technology.Trade ReviewThis is a thoughtful collection of essays that offer a much needed transdisciplinary critique of technological quick fixes to the challenges of sustainability. The authors provide some compelling insights into theories and practices of sustainability. * Bobby Banerjee, Professor of Management, City, University of London *There is much written about sustainability and business and capitalism, but too little about the interface of sustainability and technology. Yet, technology may hold the key to our collective future prosperity or failure. This important volume raises important and provocative issues. It is a must read for anyone interested in understanding the philosophical underpinnings of the relationship between sustainability and technology. * Pratima Bansal, Canada Research Chair in Business Sustainability, Ivey Business School *Sustainability beyond Technology offers a new philosophical perspective within the quickly growing field of philosophy of sustainable development. While philosophers of technology traditionally do not take environmental issues into account, such an uncritical stance is no longer possible in the age of global warming. The authors of this volume open a new and critical perspective on the great acceleration accompanying technological progress and fill a major gap in our understanding of sustainable technology and innovation. The book is a must read for philosophers of technology who are interested in the opportunities and limitations of 'Earthing Technology' in the Anthropocene. * Vincent Blok, Associate Professor in Philosophy of Technology and Responsible Innovation, Wageningen University *Humanity is facing a range of sustainability challenges, from climate change to biodiversity loss, health pandemics to food insecurity. New technology is often portrayed as the silver bullet solution to these challenges: geoengineering, vaccines, lab-grown food, etc.; the list of technological innovations that promise to save the planet and humanity is long. Sustainability Beyond Technology critically engages with these debates, putting today's technological hopes into their philosophical and historical contexts. The authors are able to unpack the blinding optimism that is often connected with technology without being luddites. The book puts forward a critical evaluation of technological progress, offering its readers alternative pathways to the sustainability transition. * Steffen Böhm, Professor in Organisation and Sustainability, University of Exeter *In varied ways, the authors attune the reader to how technology organizes and mediates human action and thought, often in ways that continue to belittle and degrade the wider environments upon which they have been dependent for continued life. Whether framed as parasitical, ignorant, or arrogant, the essays tease out the paradoxical and problematic nature of this long-sedimented, one-way relationship, and they do so in provocative ways. Humanity has been augmented through technology, to a point of indistinction. As the effects of this technological mediation have spread, the question these essays then ask is whether there is anything like an 'exterior' left to colonize. Does the technological-industrial complex by which all human activity and thought is now governed find itself at a point of collapse, given there is now very little 'out there' to which it might relate? * Robin Holt, Professor, Department of Management, Politics and Philosophy, Copenhagen Business School *Technology is at the centre of debates about sustainability, but paradoxically is a term that is severely undertheorized. Not anymore. This excellent volume offers profound thinking, from different angles, on the question of technology—what it is, what it does, and its role in sustainability transitions. * Giorgos Kallis, ICREA Professor at Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, author of Limits, and The Case for Degrowth *This timely volume brings together the latest work by an international group of experts on the role of technology in sustainability. It critically examines the connections between technology and sustainability from the viewpoint of different scholarly traditions to offer a synthesis on to what extent technology can alleviate adverse environmental and social impacts in the Anthropocene. It challenges the conventional understanding of technology as a mere set of tools, instruments and systems, and that it is 'the solution' to prevailing problems, suggesting that technology must also be examined as undesired and biased. It will be a definitive source on technology and sustainability in the new decade. * Jouni Paavola, Professor of Environmental Social Science, University of Leeds *These crystal-clear essays prime us for the political debate over technology and ecological sustainability—long overdue, now urgent in 2021. Among many other contributions, Pasi Heikkurinen's and Toni Ruuska's taxonomy of philosophic perspectives on technology provides an invaluable orientation to a diverse and nuanced intellectual terrain. * Ariel Salleh, activist and author of Eco-Sufficiency & Global Justice, and Pluriverse *Table of Contents1: Toni Ruuska and Pasi Heikkurinen: Technology and Sustainability: An Introduction Part I. Conceptualizing Technology 2: Thomas Wallgren and Niklas Toivakainen: The Question of Technology: From Noise to Reflection 3: Andreas Roos: Earthing Philosophy of Technology: A Case for Ontological Materialism 4: Pasi Heikkurinen: Atechnological Experience Unfolding: Meaning for the Post-Anthropocene Part II. Confronting Technology 5: Jani Pulkki and Veli-Matti Värri: Competition Within Technology: A Study on Competitive Thought and Moral Growth 6: Toni Ruuska: Conditions for Alienation: Technological Development and Capital Accumulation 7: Tere Vadén: What Does Fossil Energy tell us About Technology? 8: Alf Hornborg: Reversing the Industrial Revolution: Theorizing the Distributive Dimensions of Energy Transitions Part III. Changing Technology 9: Karl Johan Bonnedahl: An Economy Beyond Instrumental Rationality 10: Iana Nesterova: Small, Local, and Low-Tech Firm Firms as Agents of Sustainable Change 11: David Skrbina and Renee Kordie: Creative Reconstruction of the Technological Society: A Path to Sustainability 12: Pasi Heikkurinen and Toni Ruuska: Technology and Sustainability: A Conclusion

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Book SynopsisTrade ReviewIn Genetic Justice, the authors provide a thorough discussion of the concerns they believe the DNA revolution and the use of DNA databases in law enforcement pose. While I do not agree with all of their policy conclusions, I commend the authors for their bold and uncompromising positions. Providing discussion of these sensitive criminal justice matters is critical for generating the best tools to serve society while maintaining those precious rights that we enjoy. I recommend the book to all who seek a better understanding of the impact of the genomic age on the criminal justice process. -- Bruce Budowle, executive director, Institute of Investigative Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth Essential reading for anyone concerned with balancing public safety and personal freedom. The proliferation of DNA databases is not simply 'all good' or 'all bad.' Genetic Justice admirably deconstructs opposing arguments and then erects an inspiring yet realistic vision of justice. -- Peter Neufeld and Barry Scheck, codirectors of the Innocence Project Genetic Justice provides a lucid assessment of forensic DNA data banking that counters our CSI-infatuated culture in which DNA testing is assumed to be infallible. The authors reveal the serious threats that misuses of modern genetic technology and DNA databases can pose to cherished constitutional rights. This book is essential reading for all who care about pursuing justice while ensuring fairness to our diverse citizenry and the protection of our individual right to privacy. -- Nadine Strossen, New York Law School and former president, American Civil Liberties Union Genetic Justice illuminates every important controversy in the way DNA has entered the criminal justice system: from arguments about a universal DNA databank to the efficacy of DNA dragnets, from whether the state has the right to search your 'abandoned DNA' to the pros and cons of familial searching. Moreover, it accomplishes this in an engaging style that requires no technical background. A vital reference work for the next decade. -- Troy Duster, New York University Sheldon Krimsky is one of the most intelligent and creative multidisciplinary scholars working in bioethics, genetics and society, science studies, and biotechnology. He always knows how to pick topics that are socially significant and require careful public attention. -- Phil Brown, author of Toxic Exposures: Contested Illnesses and the Environmental Health Movement Firmly grounded in science, this inquiry proves that while DNA can be dramatic in its disclosures, it is not to be used lightly, as is so often depicted in crime stories. Booklist A thoughtful and informative read -- James A. Cox Midwest Book Review For anyone concerned about DNA technology, evolving concepts of justice, or the erosion of the basic freedoms of our democracy, Genetic Justice is a book not to miss. -- Doug Pet Biopolitical Times The book offers a lucid and accurate presentation of DNA forensic technology that will be useful to any nonspecialist. -- Michael A. Goldman Science Genetic Justice constitutes the single most comprehensive articulation of the civil-liberties concerns associated with law-enforcement DNA databases and should, therefore, serve as a touchstone for debates about the spread of DNA profiling. -- Simon A. Cole American Scientist Engaging and informative. -- Charalambos P. Kyriacou Times Higher Education Thoroughly researched and well referenced, Genetic Justice distinguishes itself as an interesting and informative book on the history of the development of DNA testing, forensic DNA databanks, and the justice system's evolving approaches... -- Ananda M. Chakrabarty BioScience required reading -- Richard Lewontin New York Review of Books An important strength of this timely,engaging, and readable book-and what distinguishes it from some others-is the clarity with which it demonstrates how genomics findings in one discipline... are applied to others... -- Lundy Braun PsycCRITIQUES I highly recommend this book to anyone interested in and concerned about the balance between the protection of rights such as privacy and autonomy and public safely and criminal justice imperatives... -- Wilhelm Peekhaus Science and SocietyTable of ContentsForeword Acknowledgments Introduction Part I: DNA in Law Enforcement 1. Forensic DNA Analysis 2. The Network of U.S. DNA Data Banks 3. Community DNA Dragnets 4. Familial DNA Searches 5. Forensic DNA Phenotyping 6. Surreptitious Biological Sampling 7. Exonerations 8. The Illusory Appeal of a Universal DNA Data Bank Part II: Comparative Systems 9. The United Kingdom 10. Japan's Forensic DNA Data Bank 11. Australia 12: Germany 13. Italy Part III: Critical Perspectives 14. Privacy and Genetic Surveillance 15. Racial Disparities in DNA Data Banking 16. Fallibility in DNA Identification 17. The Efficacy of DNA Data Banks 18. Toward a Vision of Justice Appendix: A Comparison of DNA Databases in Six Nations Notes Selected Readings Index

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Book SynopsisTrade ReviewIn Genetic Justice, the authors provide a thorough discussion of the concerns they believe the DNA revolution and the use of DNA databases in law enforcement pose. While I do not agree with all of their policy conclusions, I commend the authors for their bold and uncompromising positions. Providing discussion of these sensitive criminal justice matters is critical for generating the best tools to serve society while maintaining those precious rights that we enjoy. I recommend the book to all who seek a better understanding of the impact of the genomic age on the criminal justice process. -- Bruce Budowle, executive director, Institute of Investigative Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth Essential reading for anyone concerned with balancing public safety and personal freedom. The proliferation of DNA databases is not simply 'all good' or 'all bad.' Genetic Justice admirably deconstructs opposing arguments and then erects an inspiring yet realistic vision of justice. -- Peter Neufeld and Barry Scheck, codirectors of the Innocence Project Genetic Justice provides a lucid assessment of forensic DNA data banking that counters our CSI-infatuated culture in which DNA testing is assumed to be infallible. The authors reveal the serious threats that misuses of modern genetic technology and DNA databases can pose to cherished constitutional rights. This book is essential reading for all who care about pursuing justice while ensuring fairness to our diverse citizenry and the protection of our individual right to privacy. -- Nadine Strossen, New York Law School and former president, American Civil Liberties Union Genetic Justice illuminates every important controversy in the way DNA has entered the criminal justice system: from arguments about a universal DNA databank to the efficacy of DNA dragnets, from whether the state has the right to search your 'abandoned DNA' to the pros and cons of familial searching. Moreover, it accomplishes this in an engaging style that requires no technical background. A vital reference work for the next decade. -- Troy Duster, New York University Sheldon Krimsky is one of the most intelligent and creative multidisciplinary scholars working in bioethics, genetics and society, science studies, and biotechnology. He always knows how to pick topics that are socially significant and require careful public attention. -- Phil Brown, author of Toxic Exposures: Contested Illnesses and the Environmental Health Movement Firmly grounded in science, this inquiry proves that while DNA can be dramatic in its disclosures, it is not to be used lightly, as is so often depicted in crime stories. Booklist A thoughtful and informative read -- James A. Cox Midwest Book Review For anyone concerned about DNA technology, evolving concepts of justice, or the erosion of the basic freedoms of our democracy, Genetic Justice is a book not to miss. -- Doug Pet Biopolitical Times The book offers a lucid and accurate presentation of DNA forensic technology that will be useful to any nonspecialist. -- Michael A. Goldman Science Genetic Justice constitutes the single most comprehensive articulation of the civil-liberties concerns associated with law-enforcement DNA databases and should, therefore, serve as a touchstone for debates about the spread of DNA profiling. -- Simon A. Cole American Scientist Engaging and informative. -- Charalambos P. Kyriacou Times Higher Education Thoroughly researched and well referenced, Genetic Justice distinguishes itself as an interesting and informative book on the history of the development of DNA testing, forensic DNA databanks, and the justice system's evolving approaches... -- Ananda M. Chakrabarty BioScience required reading -- Richard Lewontin New York Review of Books An important strength of this timely,engaging, and readable book-and what distinguishes it from some others-is the clarity with which it demonstrates how genomics findings in one discipline... are applied to others... -- Lundy Braun PsycCRITIQUES I highly recommend this book to anyone interested in and concerned about the balance between the protection of rights such as privacy and autonomy and public safely and criminal justice imperatives... -- Wilhelm Peekhaus Science and SocietyTable of ContentsForeword Acknowledgments Introduction Part I: DNA in Law Enforcement 1. Forensic DNA Analysis 2. The Network of U.S. DNA Data Banks 3. Community DNA Dragnets 4. Familial DNA Searches 5. Forensic DNA Phenotyping 6. Surreptitious Biological Sampling 7. Exonerations 8. The Illusory Appeal of a Universal DNA Data Bank Part II: Comparative Systems 9. The United Kingdom 10. Japan's Forensic DNA Data Bank 11. Australia 12: Germany 13. Italy Part III: Critical Perspectives 14. Privacy and Genetic Surveillance 15. Racial Disparities in DNA Data Banking 16. Fallibility in DNA Identification 17. The Efficacy of DNA Data Banks 18. Toward a Vision of Justice Appendix: A Comparison of DNA Databases in Six Nations Notes Selected Readings Index

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Book SynopsisA collection of essays which deploy rhetorical lenses to explore how mathematics influences the values and beliefs with which we assess the world and make decisions, as well as how our values and beliefs influence the kinds of mathematical instruments we construct and accept. Trade Review“Arguing with Numbers is a major contribution to the rhetoric of science, technology, and medicine and is full of important resources for teaching communication to math and engineering students. We can only hope, too, that it will become a foundational book, fostering the further growth of a rhetorical subfield investigating mathematics, related formal systems, and the disciplines that study them.”—Randy Allen Harris,editor of Rhetoric and Incommensurability

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Book SynopsisAn ethnography focused on professional guinea pigs, healthy, paid research subjects who earn their living by participating in multiple Phase I clinical trials testing the safety of drugs in development.Trade Review“The book makes a compelling argument for why test subjects in the US should be given more protection - and I take my hat off to the author for arguing the case.” - Clint Witchalls, New Scientist“[An] intriguing and worrying book.” - Scott McLemee, Inside Higher Ed“[A]disturbing account. . . . The Professional Guinea Pig raises important questions.” - Meredith Wadman, Nature“Roberto Abadie has written an absorbing ethnographic study of clinical trials that focuses not on the clinic or the clinicians, the science or its development, but the research participants in phase one trials (the first stage of testing in humans). . . . [A] fascinating description of the subculture of regular drug-trial volunteers.” - Nathan Emmerich, Times Higher Education Supplement“The Professional Guinea Pig gives voice to volunteers skeptical of the current ethical protections in phase 1 trials, even as they endure the risks of those trials. . . . Readers will learn something about a fascinating counterculture. . . .” - Deborah R. Barnbaum, Nature Medicine“The Professional Guinea Pig tells a fascinating story at the entrepreneurial and pharmaceuticalized heart of neoliberal medicine. . . . It is a riveting read and makes important contributions to the anthropologies of neoliberalism, pharmaceuticals, and the body.” - Anne Pollock, American Anthropologist“Roberto Abadie has given us a deep, complex, and profoundly disturbing investigation into the dark underside of the clinical trials industry. The Professional Guinea Pig is not just ethnography. It is a call to action.” —Carl Elliott, author of Better than Well: American Medicine Meets the American Dream“The Professional Guinea Pig gives voice to volunteers skeptical of the current ethical protections in phase 1 trials, even as they endure the risks of those trials. . . . Readers will learn something about a fascinating counterculture. . . .” -- Deborah R. Barnbaum * Nature Medicine *“The Professional Guinea Pig tells a fascinating story at the entrepreneurial and pharmaceuticalized heart of neoliberal medicine. . . . It is a riveting read and makes important contributions to the anthropologies of neoliberalism, pharmaceuticals, and the body.” -- Anne Pollock * American Anthropologist *“[A]disturbing account. . . . The Professional Guinea Pig raises important questions.” -- Meredith Wadman * Nature *“Roberto Abadie has written an absorbing ethnographic study of clinical trials that focuses not on the clinic or the clinicians, the science or its development, but the research participants in phase one trials (the first stage of testing in humans). . . . [A] fascinating description of the subculture of regular drug-trial volunteers.” -- Nathan Emmerich * Times Higher Education *“The book makes a compelling argument for why test subjects in the US should be given more protection - and I take my hat off to the author for arguing the case.” -- Clint Witchalls * New Scientist *Table of ContentsA Note on Method ix Acknowledgments xi Introduction. A Guinea Pig's Wage: Risk, Body Commodification, and the Ethics of Pharmaceutical Research in America 1 1. Guinea-Pigging: The In/Formal Economy of Phase I Clinical Trials in Philadelphia 21 2. Market Recruitment, Identity, and Resistance among Professional Guinea Pigs 45 3. Local Knowledge and Risk Management among Professional Guinea Pigs 65 4. Big Pharma and HIV Clinical Trials: A Case Study 85 5. Strategies of Survival: HIV Clinical Trials and the Fight for Their Lives 97 6. From Prisoners to Professionals: A Brief History of the Clinical-Trial Enterprise 121 7. Ethics and the Exploitation of the Poor in Clinical Trials Research 137 Conclusion. Living in/off the Mild Torture Economy as Trial Subjects 157 Epilogue. Following Up: Robert Helms, Frank Little, Dave Onion, and Spam One Last Time 167 Bibliography 171 Index 181

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Book SynopsisThis book examines the rise of the direct-to-consumer genetic testing industry (DTC) and its use of 'wrap' contracts. It uses the example of DTC to show the challenges that disruptive technologies pose for societies and for regulation. It also uses the wrap contracts of DTC companies to explore broader issues with online contracting.

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