Ethical issues: scientific and medical developments Books

Book SynopsisCybersecurity Management looks at the current state of cybercrime and explores how organizations can develop resources and capabilities to prepare themselves for the changing cybersecurity environment.Trade Review"This volume can be an excellent textbook for an MBA or cybersecurity course because each chapter contains a summary, a basic concepts vignette, definitions, discussion questions, and a relevant case study...In conclusion, this book is highly recommended for anyone interested in the global impacts of cybersecurity." -- Robert Vinaja, Texas A&M University * Journal of Global Information Technology Management *Table of ContentsPart 1: Mechanisms and Growth of Cybercrimes and the Current State of Cybersecurity 1. Growth of Cybercrimes and the Current State of Cybersecurity 2. The Economics of Cybercrimes 3. Positive Externality, Increasing Returns, and the Rise in Cybercrimes Part 2: Macrolevel Factors Affecting Cybercrime and Cybersecurity 4. Political, Social, Cultural, and Economic Factors Affecting Cybercrimes 5. Political, Cultural, Organizational, and Economic Factors Affecting Cybersecurity 6. Cybersecurity Policies and Strategies of Major Economies 7. Cybersecurity Issues in International Relations and National Security Part 3: Strategic and Organizational Issues Associated with Cybersecurity 8. Corporate Cybersecurity Strategy 9. Cybersecurity and Marketing: Illustration of Advertising and Branding 10. Cybersecurity in Human Resources Management Part 4: Privacy and Security Issues Associated With New and Evolving ICTs and Systems 11. Social Media 12. Cloud Computing 13. Big Data 14. Smart Cities and the Internet of Things (IoT) Part 5: Integrative Cases of Cybercrime Organizations’ Operations and Cybersecurity Measures Firms and Industries Appendix 1: Case Studies of Cybercrime Organizations’ Operations Appendix 2: Industry Analysis: Banking and Financial Services Industry’s Response to Cyberattacks and Related Problems Appendix 3: Case Studies of Legitimate Firms’ Cybersecurity Measures

Read more less

Book SynopsisCybersecurity Management looks at the current state of cybercrime and explores how organizations can develop resources and capabilities to prepare themselves for the changing cybersecurity environment.Trade Review"This volume can be an excellent textbook for an MBA or cybersecurity course because each chapter contains a summary, a basic concepts vignette, definitions, discussion questions, and a relevant case study...In conclusion, this book is highly recommended for anyone interested in the global impacts of cybersecurity." -- Robert Vinaja, Texas A&M University * Journal of Global Information Technology Management *Table of ContentsPart 1: Mechanisms and Growth of Cybercrimes and the Current State of Cybersecurity 1. Growth of Cybercrimes and the Current State of Cybersecurity 2. The Economics of Cybercrimes 3. Positive Externality, Increasing Returns, and the Rise in Cybercrimes Part 2: Macrolevel Factors Affecting Cybercrime and Cybersecurity 4. Political, Social, Cultural, and Economic Factors Affecting Cybercrimes 5. Political, Cultural, Organizational, and Economic Factors Affecting Cybersecurity 6. Cybersecurity Policies and Strategies of Major Economies 7. Cybersecurity Issues in International Relations and National Security Part 3: Strategic and Organizational Issues Associated with Cybersecurity 8. Corporate Cybersecurity Strategy 9. Cybersecurity and Marketing: Illustration of Advertising and Branding 10. Cybersecurity in Human Resources Management Part 4: Privacy and Security Issues Associated With New and Evolving ICTs and Systems 11. Social Media 12. Cloud Computing 13. Big Data 14. Smart Cities and the Internet of Things (IoT) Part 5: Integrative Cases of Cybercrime Organizations’ Operations and Cybersecurity Measures Firms and Industries Appendix 1: Case Studies of Cybercrime Organizations’ Operations Appendix 2: Industry Analysis: Banking and Financial Services Industry’s Response to Cyberattacks and Related Problems Appendix 3: Case Studies of Legitimate Firms’ Cybersecurity Measures

Read more less

Book SynopsisRescuing Humanity ?examines the possible roots of most planetary crises and reveals how we might instead create a livable and sustainable future.Table of ContentsPreface Introduction Suspended in Language and Culture Attempts at Escaping Our Suspension in Language and Culture Foundationalism and the Architecture of Non-Life The Technical Division of Labour and the Architecture of Non-Life Technique and the Architecture of Non-Life Technique, the State, and the Law Growing Up and Living with Technique 1. Our Physical Embodiment within the Relativity of Life and the World Can We Escape Our Embodiment? The Great Cultural Divide in the Relativity of Human Life The Relativity of Our Lives before Screen-Based Devices The General Relativity of Human Life and the World before Screen-based Devices 2. Our Social and Cultural Embodiment in the Relativity of Human Life in the World A Hidden Discontinuity The Artificiality of a Culture Screens as Magic Portals Growing Up with Symbolization and Desymbolization Two Streams of Experiences Language Acquisition in Anti-Societies with Three Frames of Reference 3. Living with a Dual Relativity beyond Cultural Embodiment A General Interpretation of Our Dual Relativity Living and Constructed Entities The Emergence of Cultural Mediation in a General Relativity From Cultural to Technical Mediation The Economy, Art, and the Order of Non-Sense Making Sense of Non-Sense 4. Mathematics as the Non-Language of Science and Technique Mathematical Foundations and Truths The Emergence of a Secular Religious Daily-Life World Science and Mathematics Disciplines, Games, and the General Relativity of Human Life Mathematics as a Discipline Mathematics, Languages, and Games Mathematics and Time Mathematics and Daily Life Mathematics and Education Is Mathematics the Secular Religion of Technique? 5. Human Knowing and Discipline-Based Science Is Our Science Unlike All Others? Disciplines and Daily-Life Knowing The Known and the Unknown Culture and Discipline-Based Science Science, Reality, and Our Life-Milieu Physics as a Mathematical Game? Our Metaphors for Space, Time, Matter, and Numbers Science, Religion, and Christianity 6. Human Doing, Technique, and the Living of Our Lives Naming What We Have Lost Recognizing the Symptoms of What We Have Lost Absolute and Relative Efficiency Economics as Technique Our Daily Lives and the Professions of Technique Technique and Non-Life Technique as Response to Relativism, Nihilism, and Anomie Epilogue: Possessed by Secular Myths Endangered by Secular Religious Attitudes Is Humanity Truly against Enslavement? Notes Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisIn Rescuing Humanity, Willem H. Vanderburg reminds us that we have relied on discipline-based approaches for human knowing, doing, and organizing for less than a century. During this brief period, these approaches have become responsible for both our spectacular successes and most of our social and environmental crises. At their roots is a cultural mutation that includes secular religious attitudes that veil the limits of these approaches, leading to their overvaluation. Because their use, especially in science and technology, is primarily built up with mathematics, living entities and systems can be dealt with only as if their architecture or design is based on the principle of non-contradiction, which is true only for non-living entities. This distortion explains our many crises. Vanderburg begins to explore the limits of discipline-based approaches, which guides the way toward developing complementary ones capable of transcending these limits. It is no different froTable of ContentsPreface Introduction Suspended in Language and Culture Attempts at Escaping Our Suspension in Language and Culture Foundationalism and the Architecture of Non-Life The Technical Division of Labour and the Architecture of Non-Life Technique and the Architecture of Non-Life Technique, the State, and the Law Growing Up and Living with Technique 1. Our Physical Embodiment within the Relativity of Life and the World Can We Escape Our Embodiment? The Great Cultural Divide in the Relativity of Human Life The Relativity of Our Lives before Screen-Based Devices The General Relativity of Human Life and the World before Screen-based Devices 2. Our Social and Cultural Embodiment in the Relativity of Human Life in the World A Hidden Discontinuity The Artificiality of a Culture Screens as Magic Portals Growing Up with Symbolization and Desymbolization Two Streams of Experiences Language Acquisition in Anti-Societies with Three Frames of Reference 3. Living with a Dual Relativity beyond Cultural Embodiment A General Interpretation of Our Dual Relativity Living and Constructed Entities The Emergence of Cultural Mediation in a General Relativity From Cultural to Technical Mediation The Economy, Art, and the Order of Non-Sense Making Sense of Non-Sense 4. Mathematics as the Non-Language of Science and Technique Mathematical Foundations and Truths The Emergence of a Secular Religious Daily-Life World Science and Mathematics Disciplines, Games, and the General Relativity of Human Life Mathematics as a Discipline Mathematics, Languages, and Games Mathematics and Time Mathematics and Daily Life Mathematics and Education Is Mathematics the Secular Religion of Technique? 5. Human Knowing and Discipline-Based Science Is Our Science Unlike All Others? Disciplines and Daily-Life Knowing The Known and the Unknown Culture and Discipline-Based Science Science, Reality, and Our Life-Milieu Physics as a Mathematical Game? Our Metaphors for Space, Time, Matter, and Numbers Science, Religion, and Christianity 6. Human Doing, Technique, and the Living of Our Lives Naming What We Have Lost Recognizing the Symptoms of What We Have Lost Absolute and Relative Efficiency Economics as Technique Our Daily Lives and the Professions of Technique Technique and Non-Life Technique as Response to Relativism, Nihilism, and Anomie Epilogue: Possessed by Secular Myths Endangered by Secular Religious Attitudes Is Humanity Truly against Enslavement? Notes Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisInstitutional review boards (IRBs) are panels charged with protecting the rights of humans who participate in research studies ranging from biomedicine to social science. Regulating Human Research provides a fresh look at these influential and sometimes controversial boards, tracing their historic transformation from academic committees to compliance bureaucracies: non-governmental offices where specialized staff define and apply federal regulations. In opening the black box of contemporary IRB decision-making, author Sarah Babb argues that compliance bureaucracy is an adaptive response to the dynamics and dysfunctions of American governance. Yet this solution has had unforeseen consequences, including the rise of a profitable ethics review industry.Trade Review"Beautifully done. Sarah Babb adroitly explains IRBs as but one expression of a general feature of distributed governance in the United States. Like it or not, this is what happens to ethics in complex systems."—Mitchell Stevens, Stanford University"Scientific research has long been portrayed as self-regulating, governed by practices of peer review and professionalism. But in recent decades, this self-regulation has been brought into question by research gone drastically wrong and transformed by federal policy. Focusing on institutional review boards, Regulating Human Research uses this case to document how the American state relies on private organizations to interpret and implement policy. In this succinct and insightful account, Sarah Babb illuminates policy developments and organizational changes that have been felt by a wide range of researchers, in academic and commercial institutions alike."—Elisabeth S. Clemens, Civic Gifts: Voluntarism and the Making of the American Nation-State"It sounded so good: colleagues reviewing each others' projects to ensure that human research subjects were properly protected. And yet that project, like many, went badly off the rails. Sarah Babb's exceptionally lucid book explains how a flexible, locally controlled system morphed into a quasi-legal body of arcane rules, spawned a new profession, and split into private and for-profit branches that do more to protect research institutions than research subjects. Rounding out her story and seamlessly stitching together several fields, Babb explains why the pressures of ambiguous federal rules nevertheless led to quite different compliance bureaucracies in other fields such as financial services and equal employment law. If you have time for only one piece on IRBs—or indeed on responses to federal regulation—this book should be your hands-down choice. Or you could just read it because it's a fantastic and elegant piece of scholarship."—Carol A. Heimer, Northwestern University and American Bar Foundation"[An] outstanding volume....Babb's discussion of the differences between the ways equal employment opportunity, IRBs, and financial services approach compliance is compelling, particularly her consideration for the reliance of IRBs and financial services on efficiency goals. Thoughtful and readable. Highly recommended."—K. E. Murphy, CHOICETable of ContentsIntroduction 1. The Federal Crackdown and the Twilight of Approximate Compliance 2. Leaving It to the Professionals 3. Organizing for Efficiency 4. Ethics Review, Inc. 5. The Common Rule and Social Research 6. Varieties of Compliance Conclusion

Read more less

Book SynopsisInstitutional review boards (IRBs) are panels charged with protecting the rights of humans who participate in research studies ranging from biomedicine to social science. Regulating Human Research provides a fresh look at these influential and sometimes controversial boards, tracing their historic transformation from academic committees to compliance bureaucracies: non-governmental offices where specialized staff define and apply federal regulations. In opening the black box of contemporary IRB decision-making, author Sarah Babb argues that compliance bureaucracy is an adaptive response to the dynamics and dysfunctions of American governance. Yet this solution has had unforeseen consequences, including the rise of a profitable ethics review industry.Trade Review"Beautifully done. Sarah Babb adroitly explains IRBs as but one expression of a general feature of distributed governance in the United States. Like it or not, this is what happens to ethics in complex systems."—Mitchell Stevens, Stanford University"Scientific research has long been portrayed as self-regulating, governed by practices of peer review and professionalism. But in recent decades, this self-regulation has been brought into question by research gone drastically wrong and transformed by federal policy. Focusing on institutional review boards, Regulating Human Research uses this case to document how the American state relies on private organizations to interpret and implement policy. In this succinct and insightful account, Sarah Babb illuminates policy developments and organizational changes that have been felt by a wide range of researchers, in academic and commercial institutions alike."—Elisabeth S. Clemens, Civic Gifts: Voluntarism and the Making of the American Nation-State"It sounded so good: colleagues reviewing each others' projects to ensure that human research subjects were properly protected. And yet that project, like many, went badly off the rails. Sarah Babb's exceptionally lucid book explains how a flexible, locally controlled system morphed into a quasi-legal body of arcane rules, spawned a new profession, and split into private and for-profit branches that do more to protect research institutions than research subjects. Rounding out her story and seamlessly stitching together several fields, Babb explains why the pressures of ambiguous federal rules nevertheless led to quite different compliance bureaucracies in other fields such as financial services and equal employment law. If you have time for only one piece on IRBs—or indeed on responses to federal regulation—this book should be your hands-down choice. Or you could just read it because it's a fantastic and elegant piece of scholarship."—Carol A. Heimer, Northwestern University and American Bar Foundation"[An] outstanding volume....Babb's discussion of the differences between the ways equal employment opportunity, IRBs, and financial services approach compliance is compelling, particularly her consideration for the reliance of IRBs and financial services on efficiency goals. Thoughtful and readable. Highly recommended."—K. E. Murphy, CHOICETable of ContentsIntroduction 1. The Federal Crackdown and the Twilight of Approximate Compliance 2. Leaving It to the Professionals 3. Organizing for Efficiency 4. Ethics Review, Inc. 5. The Common Rule and Social Research 6. Varieties of Compliance Conclusion

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe liberating promise of big data and social media to create more responsive democracies and workplaces is overshadowed by a nightmare of election meddling, privacy invasion, fake news and an exploitative gig economy. Yet, while regressive forces spread disinformation and hate, 'guerrilla democrats' continue to foster hope and connection through digital technologies. This book offers an in-depth analysis of platform-based radical movements, from the online coalitions of voters and activists to the Deliveroo and Uber strikes. Combining cutting edge theories with empirical research, it makes an invaluable contribution to the emerging literature on the relationship between technology and society.Table of Contents1. Introducing Mobile Power and Guerrilla Politics 2. Mobile Power 3. The Spread of Viral Politics 4. Infectious Domination, Contagious Revolutions 5. Guerrilla Democracy 6. Radical (Im)materialism 7. Organic Leadership for Liquid Times 8. Mobile Organizing in the 21st Century

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis is a detailed analysis of how understanding of health management past, present and future has transformed in the digital age. Since the mid-20th century, we have witnessed ‘healthy’ lifestyles being pushed as part of health promotion strategies, both via the state, and through health tracking tools, and narratives of wellness online. This marks a seismic shift from a public welfare state responsibility for health towards individualised practices of digital self-care. Today health has become representative of ‘lifestyle correction' which is performed on social media. Putting the spotlight on neoliberalism and digital technology as pervasive tools that dictate wellness as a moral obligation, Rachael Kent critically analyses how users navigate relationships between self-tracking technologies, social media, and everyday health management.Table of Contents1. Transformations of Health in the Digital Society 2. Understanding Our Bodies through Datafication 3. Surveillance Cultures of the Digital Health Self 4. Discipline and Moralism of Our Health 5. Health ‘Disciples’: Technology ‘Addiction’ and Embodiment 6. Sharing ‘Healthiness’ 7. Future Directions for the Digital Health Self

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book SynopsisPeople often believe that we can overcome the profound environmental and climate crises we face by smart systems, green innovations and more recycling. However, the quest for complex technological solutions, which rely on increasingly exotic and scarce materials, makes this unlikely. A best-seller in France, this English language edition introduces readers to an alternative perspective on how we should be marshalling our resources to preserve the planet and secure our future. Bihouix skilfully goes against the grain to argue that ‘high’ technology will not solve global problems and envisages a different approach to build a more resilient and sustainable society.Table of ContentsPrologue ~ The mad dance of the shrimps; Part I ~ The rise and fall of ‘engineering miracle-workers’; Part II ~ The principles of simple technologies; Part III ~ Daily life in the era of simple technologies; Part IV ~ Is ‘transition’ possible?; Epilogue ~ A dream if there ever was one.

Read more less

Book SynopsisProvides a vision for an alternative AI based on decolonial and feminist ethics.Trade Review"Resisting AI is an important and necessary book... McQuillan has provided us with a powerful contribution." Computational ImpactsTable of ContentsIntroduction 1. Operations of AI 2. Collateral Damage 3. AI Violence 4. Necropolitics 5. Post-machinic Learning 6. People’s Councils 7. Anti-fascist AI

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe word ‘data’ has entered everyday conversation, but do we really understand what it means? How can we begin to grasp the scope and scale of our new data-rich world, and can we truly comprehend what is at stake? In Data Lives, renowned social scientist Rob Kitchin explores the intricacies of data creation and charts how data-driven technologies have become essential to how society, government and the economy work. Creatively blending scholarly analysis, biography and fiction, he demonstrates how data are shaped by social and political forces, and the extent to which they influence our daily lives. He reveals our data world to be one of potential danger, but also of hope.Table of ContentsPart 1 ~ Introduction Data Stories Part 2 ~ the Life of Data Blind Data The Nature of Data Gridlock In Data We Trust How to Lose (and Regain) 3.6 Billion Euros Harmonizing Data Is Hard Open and Shut Case The Politics of Building Civic Tech So More Trumps Better? Hustling for Funding The Secret Science of Formulas The End of the Data Lifecycle Part 3 ~ Living With Data Traces and Shadows Recommended Life The Quantified Self Fighting Fires Management by Metrics Guinea Pigs Big Brother Is Watching and Controlling You Security Theatre When a Country Ignores Its Own Data Data Theft Data for the People, by the People Black Data Matters Part 4 ~ Conclusion A Matter of Life and Death Data Futures

Read more less

Book SynopsisDo digital networks make a difference to the scope, scale and severity of social harm? Considering four distinct digital affordances for crime (access, concealment, evasion and incitement) this book asks whether they are simply new packaging for old problems, with no greater effect on society overall – or is cyberculture significantly escalating illegality? Matthew David gives fresh insights into online harms and behaviours in the fields of hate, obscenity, corruptions of citizenship and appropriation, offering a comprehensive and integrated approach for those both new and experienced in the field of cybercrime.Table of Contents1. Introduction Part I: Hate 2. Terrorism and Hate Crime: From the Long Fuse to Hate Speech 3. Bullying, Stalking and Trolling Part II: Obscenity 4. Pornography and Violent Video Games 5. Child Abuse Imagery, Abuse and Grooming Part III: Corruptions of Citizenship 6. Privacy, Surveillance, Whistleblowers and Hacktivism 7. Fake News, Echo Chambers and Citizen Journalism Part IV: Appropriation 8. Fraud, Extortion and Identity Theft 9. Sharing Software, Music and Visual Content 10. Conclusions

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe concept of transhumanism emerged in the middle of the 20th century, and has influenced discussions around AI, brain–computer interfaces, genetic technologies and life extension. Despite its enduring influence in the public imagination, a fully developed philosophy of transhumanism has not yet been presented. In this new book, leading philosopher Stefan Lorenz Sorgner explores the critical issues that link transhumanism with digitalization, gene technologies and ethics. He examines the history and meaning of transhumanism and asks bold questions about human perfection, cyborgs, genetically enhanced entities, and uploaded minds. Offering insightful reflections on values, norms and utopia, this will be an important guide for readers interested in contemporary digital culture, gene ethics, and policy making.Table of ContentsTranshumanism: In a Nutshell On a Silicon- based Transhumanism On a Carbon- based Transhumanism A Fictive Ethics The End as a New Beginning

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis accessible book introduces students to perspectives from the field of science and technology studies. Putting forward the thesis that science and democracy share important characteristics, it shows how authority cannot be taken for granted and must continuously be reproduced and confirmed by others. At a time when fundamental scientific and democratic values are being threatened by sceptics and populist arguments, an understanding of the relationship between them is much needed. This is an invaluable resource for all who are interested in the role of scientific knowledge in governance, societal developments and the implications for democracy, concerned publics and citizen engagement.Table of Contents1. The Best Knowledge and the Best Mode of Governance Part 1: Separation 2. Science and Politics as Separate Domains 3. The Relationship between Science and Politics Part 2: Overlap 4. Close but Not Too Close Part 3: Co-production 5. Co-production of Scientific Knowledge and Societal Order 6. Participation as Co-production 7. Scientific Citizenship 8. What Can Science and Technological Studies Say about Science and Democracy?

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis accessible book introduces students to perspectives from the field of science and technology studies. Putting forward the thesis that science and democracy share important characteristics, it shows how authority cannot be taken for granted and must continuously be reproduced and confirmed by others. At a time when fundamental scientific and democratic values are being threatened by sceptics and populist arguments, an understanding of the relationship between them is much needed. This is an invaluable resource for all who are interested in the role of scientific knowledge in governance, societal developments and the implications for democracy, concerned publics and citizen engagement.Table of Contents1. The Best Knowledge and the Best Mode of Governance Part 1: Separation 2. Science and Politics as Separate Domains 3. The Relationship between Science and Politics Part 2: Overlap 4. Close but Not Too Close Part 3: Co-production 5. Co-production of Scientific Knowledge and Societal Order 6. Participation as Co-production 7. Scientific Citizenship 8. What Can Science and Technological Studies Say about Science and Democracy?

Read more less

Book SynopsisFrom health tracking to diet apps to biohacking, technology is changing how we relate to our material, embodied selves. Drawing from a range of disciplines and case studies, this volume looks at what makes these health and genetic technologies unique and explores the representation, communication and internalization of health knowledge. Showcasing how power and inequality are reflected and reproduced by these technologies, discourses and practices, this book will be a go-to resource for scholars in science and technology studies as well as those who study the intersection of race, gender, socio-economic status, sexuality and health.Table of ContentsIntroduction 1. Social and Behavioural Genomics and the Ethics of (In)Visibility - Daphne Oluwaseun Martschenko 2. PureHealth: Feminist New Materialism, Posthuman Auto-Ethnography and Hegemonic Health Assemblages - Tina Sikka 3. Ambivalent Embodiment and HIV Treatment in South Africa - Elizabeth Mills 4. An ‘Artificial’ Concept as the Opposite of Human Dignity - Kazuhiko Shibuya 5. Health Praxis in the Age of Artificial Intelligence: Diagnostics, Caregiving and Reimagining the Role(s) of Healthcare Practitioners - Kevin Cummings and John Rief 6. Digital Health Technological Advancements and Gender Dynamics in STS - Anamika Gulati 7. Automation in Medical Imaging: Who Gets What AI Sees? Insights from the Adopters’ Perspective - Filomena Berardi and Giorgio Vernoni 8. Robots for Care: A Few Considerations from the Social Sciences - Miquel Domènech and Núria Vallès-Peris 9. Are Ovulation Biosensors Feminist Technologies? - Joann Wilkinson and Celia Roberts Conclusion

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book SynopsisPolitical hackers, like the infamous Anonymous collective, have demonstrated their willingness to use political violence to further their agendas. However, many of their causes – targeting terrorist groups, fighting for LGBTQ+ rights, and protecting people’s freedom of expression, autonomy and privacy – are intuitively good things to fight for. This book will create a new framework that argues that when the state fails to protect people, hackers can intervene and evaluates the hacking based on the political or social circumstances. It highlights the space for hackers to operate as legitimate actors; guides hacker activity by detailing what actions are justified toward what end; outlines mechanisms to aid hackers in reaching ethically justified decisions; and directs the political community on how to react to these political hackers. Applying this framework to the most pivotal hacking operations within the last two decades, including the Arab Spring, police brutality in the USA and the Nigerian and Ugandan governments’ announcements of homophobic legislation, it offers a unique contribution to conceptualising hacking as a contemporary political activity.Table of ContentsIntroduction 1. Hacks, Hackers and Political Hacking 2. An Ethical Framework for Hacking Operations 3. Political Autonomy, the Arab Spring and Anonymous 4. Leaks: From Whistleblowing to Doxxing 5. Correcting the Failure of the State 6. Looking Back, Moving Forward Conclusion

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe threat of social-environmental destruction is a fundamental challenge for those who are interested in creating and maintaining liveable worlds. This volume will bring together international scholars in science and technology studies, environmental studies, ecological humanities, art and design, geography and other social sciences to explore practices of repairing damaged and precarious ecologies through various societal, environmental and material involvements across different locations and geographies. Contributions will offer novel theoretical perspectives and empirical insights on the reparative and insurgent capacity of mending ecologies to craft relations of care and sustenance of human and nonhuman communities. The volume will be divided into several sections that are organized around a series of concepts that denote countervailing forces, processes and movements of damaging and repairing. Each section will consist of two or three contributions that offer experimental explorations of what ecological reparation means, and each section will begin with a short note that briefly describes the key concepts and issues that will be explored within.Table of ContentsIntroduction: No justice, no ecological peace: The groundings of ecological reparation (Dimitris Papadopoulos, Maria Puig de la Bellacasa, Maddalena Tacchetti) Acknowledgements PART I Depletion: Resurgence 1. Experiments in situ: Soil repair practices as part of place-based action for change in El Salvador (Naomi Millner) 2. Hesitant: three theses on ecological reparation (otherwise) (Manuel Tironi) 3. The False Bay Coast of Cape Town: A Critical Zone (Lesley Green and Vanessa Farr) PART II Deskilling: Experimenting 4. Reflections on a mending ecology through pastures for life (Claire Waterton) 5. Fab Cities as Infrastructures for Ecological Reparation: Maker Activism, Vernacular Skills, and Prototypes for Self-Grounding Collective Life (Atsuro Morita and Kazutoshi Tsuda) 6. The Cosmoecological Workshop: Or, How to Philosophise with a Hammer (Martin Savransky) PART III Contaminating: Cohabiting 7. Multispecies mending from micro to macro: Biome restoration, carbon recycling, and ecologies of participation (Eleanor Hadley Kershaw) 8. Involvement as an ethics for more than human interdependencies (Nerea Calvillo) 9. From Museum to MOB (Timothy Choy) PART IV Enclosing: Reclaiming Land 10. Land in Our Names: Building an Anti-Racist Food Movement (Sam Siva) 11. Land reparations and ecological justice – an Interview with Sam Siva (Maria Puig de la Bellacasa and Dimitris Papadopoulos) 12. Waste, improvement and repair on Ireland's Peat Bogs (Patrick Bresnihan and Patrick Brodie) 13. New Peasantries in Italy: Eco-commons, Agroecology and Food Communities (Andrea Ghelfi) 14. “Obedecer a la Vida”: Environmental Citizenship Otherwise? (Juan Camilo Cajigas) PART V Loss: Recollecting 15. Travelling Memories: Repairing the past and imagining the future in medium-secure forensic psychiatric care (Steven D. Brown, Paula Reavey, Donna Ciarlo and Abisola Balogun-Katung) 16. Conversations on benches (Leila Dawney and Linda Brothwell) 17. Curating reparation and recrafting solidarity in post-accord Colombia (Fredy Mora-Gámez) PART VI Representing: Self-governing 18. Commons-based mending ecologies (Doina Petrescu and Constantin Petcou) 19. Ri-Maflow: des-pair, resistance and re-pair in an urban industrial ecology (Marco Checchi) 20. Chilean streets: An archive against the grain of History (Cristobal Bonelli and Marisol de la Cadena) PART VII Isolating: Embodying 21. (Un)crafting ecologies: actions involving special skills at (un)making things humans with your hands (Eliana Sánchez-Aldana) 22. Cultivating Attention to Fragility: The Sensible Encounters of Maintenance (Jérôme Denis and David Pontille) 23. Technological black boxing versus ecological reparation: From encased-industrial to open-renewable wind energy (Aristotle Tympas) PART VIII Growth: Flourishing 24. Algorithmic Food Justice (Lara Houston, Sara Heitlinger, Ruth Catlow and Alex Taylor) 25. Being affected by páramo: Maps, landscape drawings, and a risky science (Alejandra Osejo and Santiago Martínez Medina) 26. Ordinary Hope (Steven J. Jackson)

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis critical text is a timely ethnography of how global powers, local resistance, and capital flows are shaping contemporary African foodways. Ghana was one of the first countries targeted by a group of US donors and agribusiness corporations that funded an ambitious plan to develop genetically modified (GM) crops for African farmers. The collective believed that GM crops would help farmers increase their yields and help spark a “new” Green Revolution on the continent. Soon after the project began in Ghana, a nationwide food sovereignty movement emerged in opposition to GM crops. Today, in spite of impressive efforts and investments by proponents, only two GM crops remain in the pipeline. Why, after years of preparation, millions of dollars of funding, and multiple policy reforms, did these megaprojects effectively come to a halt? One of the first ethnographies to take on the question of GM crops in the African context, We Are Not Starving: The Struggle for Food Sovereignty in Ghana blends archival analysis, interviews, and participant observation with Ghanaian scientists, farmers, activists, and officials. Ultimately the text aims to illuminate why GM crops have animated the country and to highlight how their introduction has opened an opportunity to air grievances about the systematic de-valuing and exploitation of African land, labor, and knowledge that have been centuries in the making.Trade Review“In this well researched, yet very approachable text, Joeva Sean Rock sheds light on the controversies surrounding the introduction of GMO crops in Ghana and the vital role that civil society and the food sovereignty movement are playing in raising critical questions about this corporate and donordriven agenda."—William G. Moseley, steering committee member of the High Level Panel of Experts on Food Security and Nutrition

Read more less

Book SynopsisIt's humanity's make-or-break-century.In breathtakingly original prose, Elise Bohan argues that we're hurtling towards a superhuman future — or, if we blunder, extinction. The only way out of our existential crises, from global warming to the risks posed by nuclear weapons, novel and bioengineered pathogens and unaligned AI, is up. We'll need more technology to safeguard our future — and we're going to invent (and perhaps even merge with) some of that technology.What does that mean for our 20th century life-scripts? Are the robots coming for our jobs? How will human relationships change when AI knows us inside out? Will we still be having human babies by the century's end? Bohan unflinchingly explores possibilities most of us are afraid to imagine: the impacts of automation on our jobs, livelihoods and dating and mating careers, the stretching out of 'the-circle-of-life' as life-extension technologies mature, the rise of AI friends and lovers, the liberation of women from pregnancy, childbirth and breastfeeding, and the impending global baby-bust – and attendant proliferation of digital minds.Strap in for an exhilarating, and starkly honest, take on the promise and peril of life in the 21st century.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe rampant use of genetically modified food incites public debate among activists, ethicists, scientists, regulators and industry representatives. But why is it so controversial? This timely and balanced book explores the many myths and arguments surrounding this extremely topical issue.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis Handbook constitutes a global resource for the fast-growing interdisciplinary research and policy communities that have taken on the challenge of driving innovation towards socially desirable outcomes. The collection brings together well-known authors from the USA, Europe, Asia and South Africa, developing conceptual and regional perspectives on responsible innovation including issues of governance, economics and ethics. The authors explore the prospects for the further implementation of responsible innovation in emerging technological practices in sectors from agriculture and health-care to nanotechnology, robotics and artificial intelligence. The collection emphasises the socio-economic and normative dimensions of innovation, including issues of social risk and sustainability.Trade Review'After 75 years of unprecedentedly promiscuous commitment to untethered scientific and technological advance by the state and industry alike, humanity stands on the threshold of advances in human germline engineering, geoengineering of the Earth's climate, quantum computing, and applications of artificial intelligence that will accelerate our technological capabilities well beyond any capacity to steer them toward greater human benefit and away from greater harm. Racing against this momentum and the trillions of dollars that support it have been a relatively small international community of visionary scholars and practitioners who cumulatively have developed the principles, concepts and tools for assuring the wise and socially accountable governance of technology: responsible innovation. These ideas are neither radical nor utopian; indeed, they are practicable and increasingly well-tested. The International Handbook on Responsible Innovation is thus a guidebook for a shift in stance toward collective accountability for the products and consequences of our own ingenuity.' --Daniel Sarewitz, Arizona State University, US'Beyond its breadth and depth, what is most striking about this volume is how well it navigates between the theoretical and practical dimensions of responsible research and innovation (RRI). The volume thus mirrors RRI's development as simultaneously a subject of ongoing research and a matter of active policymaking, both focused on the governance of science and technology. How should policymakers address the dual demand that the pace of innovation increase to enhance societal benefits, while also advancing deliberately to avoid harming society? This volume provides the latest answers from top RRI researchers and policymakers from around the world. Ranging over the history and theory of RRI, addressing ethics and RRI, detailing the economics underlying RRI, outlining current RRI policies, and looking to the future of RRI, this work will become a classic reference point in the field.' --J. Britt Holbrook, New Jersey Institute of Technology, US'Already impressive in terms of its thematic scope, the diversity of approaches and its global aspiration, this landmark volume is, above all, testament to the coming of age of responsible innovation (RI) as a concept of practical relevance. It contains, amongst other things, illuminating discussions of the notion of responsibility, thought-provoking essays on key questions in RI, and insightful analyses of RI practices in a wide variety of contexts. The messages in bottles, released by the likes of Hans Jonas, John Ziman and the pioneers of the RI community, have obviously been found by many, and probably by many more than the pioneers themselves would have expected. Taken together, the contributions to this collection not only provide a perfect overview on the theory and practices of RI. They also show why RI is not a specialist or merely academic topic but relevant to anyone who cares about the future of our global society.' --Christopher Coenen, Institute for Technology Assessment and Systems Analysis (ITAS), GermanyTable of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction to the International Handbook on Responsible Innovation René von Schomberg and Jonathan Hankins 2. Why Responsible Innovation? René von Schomberg Part I CONCEPTS UNDERPINNING RESPONSIBLE INNOVATION Responsibility and Ethics 3. Responsible Innovation: Process and Politics Richard Owen and Mario Pansera 4. Choosing Freedom: Ethical Governance for Responsible Research and Innovation Robert Gianni 5. Towards an Ethics-of-Ethics for Responsible Innovation Vural Özdemir 6. Working Responsibly Across Boundaries? Some Practical and Theoretical Lessons Kjetil Rommetveit, Niels van Dijk, Kristrún Gunnarsdóttir, Kate O’Riordan, Serge Gutwirth, Roger Strand and Brian Wynne Governance 7. Understanding the Movement(s) for Responsible Innovation Miles Brundage and David H. Guston 8. Is Innovation Always Good for You? New Policy Challenges for Research and Innovation Luc Soete 9. First Steps in Understanding the Economic Principles of Responsible Research and Innovation Miklós Lukovics, Benedek Nagy and Norbert Buzás 10. Responsible Research and Innovation in the Broader Innovation System. Reflections on Responsibility in Standardization, Assessment and Patenting Practices. Ellen-Marie Forsberg 11. Dynamics of Responsible Innovation Constitution in European Union Research Policy: Tensions, Possibilities and Constraints. Hannot Rodríguez, Andoni Eizagirre and Andoni Ibarra 12. The Ties that Bind: Collective Experimentation and Participatory Design as Paradigms for Responsible Innovation Alfred Nordmann 13. Engaging the micro-foundations of responsible innovation: integration of social sciences and humanities with research and innovation practices Erik Fisher 14. Responsible Innovation and Technology Assessment in Europe- Barriers and Opportunities for Establishing Structures and Principles of Democratic Science and Technology Policy Leonard Hennen and Linda Nierling Responsible Innovation in Organisations 15. To what Extent Should the Perspective of Responsible Innovation Irrigate the Organization as a Whole? Xavier Pavie 16. From Participation to interruption: Toward an Ethics of Stakeholder Engagement, Participation and Partnership in Corporate Social Responsibility and Responsible Innovation Vincent Blok Part II RESPONSIBLE INNOVATION: BECOMING RESPONSIVE TO THE GLOBAL SOCIETAL CHALLENGES 17. Shared Space and Slow Science in Geoengineering Research Jack Stilgoe 18. Responsible Innovation and Healthy Ageing Ellen H.M. Moors 19. Responsible Innovation and Agricultural Sustainability: Lessons from Genetically Modified Crops Phil Macnaghten 20. Responsible Inclusive Innovation - Tackling Grand Challenges Globally Doris Schroeder and David Kaplan Part III EMBEDDING RESPONSIBLE INNOVATION IN EMERGING TECHNOLOGICAL PRACTICES 21. Embedding Responsible Innovation in Emerging Technological Practices Armin Grunwald 22. From Technology Assessment to Responsible Research and Innovation in Synthetic Biology Dirk Stemerding 23. Responsible Innovation and Public Engagement: What we can Learn from the Case of Nanotechnology Richard A.L. Jones 24. Responsible Innovation in ICT: Challenges for Industry Bernd Carsten Stahl, Elisabetta Borsella, Andrea Porcari and Elvio Mantovani 25. Ethics Management and Responsible Research and Innovation in the Human Brain Project Stephen Rainey, Bernd Stahl, Mark Shaw and Michael Reinsborough 26. Grass-roots Case Studies in ‘Poiesis Intensive’ Responsible Innovation (PIRI) Jonathan Hankins 27. Robotics and Responsible Research and Innovation Pericle Salvini, Erica Palmerini, and Bert-Jaap Koops Part IV REGIONAL PRACTICES 28. Chinese Perspectives on Responsible Innovation Zhao, Yandong and Liao Miao 29. Responsible Innovation: Constructing a Seaport in China Qian Wang and Ping Yan 30. Indian Perspectives on Responsible Innovation and Frugal Innovation Krishna Ravi Srinivas and Poonam Pandey 31. South-East European Perspectives Norbert Buzás and Miklós Lukovics 32. Responsible Innovation in a Culture of Entrepreneurship - a US Perspective Andrew D. Maynard and Elizabeth Garbee 33. Public Engagement as a Potential Responsible Research and Innovation Tool for Ensuring Inclusive Governance of Biotechnology Innovation in Low and Middle Income Countries Pamela Andanda Part V INTERVIEWS 34. Interview with Piero Bassetti, President of Fondazione Giannino Bassetti Sally Randles 35. Interview with Robert Madelin, Ex -Director General and Advisor on Innovation (European Commission) Jan Staman and René von Schomberg 36. Interview with Rob van Leen, Chief Innovation Officer, Head of DSM Innovation Center and Member of the Executive Committee of DSM Jan Staman Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe major innovations which have occurred between the end of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st century represent a fresh challenge to the responsibility of innovators. Innovators have disrupted, and continue to disrupt the world through the growth of technology, DNA sequencing, genetic engineering, the management of large databases, different forms of intrusion into our private lives, etc. It is up to them take full responsibility for their actions, and question what they are accomplishing, why they are accomplishing it, to what end and with what means. Such questionings are those found in a practice conducted by Ancient philosophers: spiritual exercises. These were internal or external discourses, enabling individuals to act, think, to know how to behave and how to master oneself. It is surely toward these practices innovators of today should turn in order to innovate with wisdom.Table of ContentsForeword vii Acknowledgements xiii Introduction xv Chapter 1. The Need to (Re)think Innovation 1 1.1. The innovation context: how far to innovate? 1 1.2. The innovation discipline 3 1.2.1. From reality to usurpation: the three stages of innovation 3 1.2.2. The three evolutionary stages of innovation 6 1.3. Attempting to expose innovation, the importance of philosophy 16 1.3.1. An objectification of innovation 16 1.3.2. Reducing innovation 18 1.3.3. The future of innovation through its reversal 18 1.4. Philosophy as therapy 22 1.4.1. Modesty in the use of philosophy 22 1.4.2. Healing through philosophy 24 1.4.3. Innovator and philosopher, two sides of the same coin for a new way of being 25 1.5. Towards a thoughtful innovator 27 Chapter 2. The Non-standard Philosophy for Thinking Innovation 29 2.1. Questioning philosophy 29 2.2. What is non-standard philosophy? 30 2.2.1. Non-philosophy 31 2.3. Using non-standard philosophy as a tool to (re)think innovation 34 2.3.1. Innovation in-Real 35 2.3.2. The principle of sufficient innovation 40 2.3.3. Innovation and ego 43 2.4. (Re)thinking innovation, a non-standard innovation? 44 2.4.1. The foundations of non-standard innovation 46 2.4.2. Non-standard innovation practice 50 2.5. “Invent philosophy!”, let’s invent innovation 55 Chapter 3. A Phenomenology of Innovation 59 3.1. Passing through phenomenology 59 3.2. What is phenomenology? 60 3.2.1. Phenomenology and innovation? 62 3.3. Husserlian phenomenology to think innovation? 63 3.3.1. Return to the things themselves 64 3.3.2. Transcendental intentionality 68 3.3.3. The reduction method and the transcendental epoché 71 3.3.4. The emergence of essence 79 3.3.5. Retention 82 3.3.6. The ego as the foundation of the world 84 3.3.7. The phenomenological approach to testing senses 88 3.4. Phenomenology as praxis 90 3.4.1. The practice of phenomenology 92 3.4.2. Towards a practical phenomenology for the innovator 96 3.5. Being aware of innovations 99 Chapter 4. Spiritual Exercises to (Re)think the Innovator 101 4.1. The need for spiritual exercises 101 4.1.1. Spiritual exercises, from ancient philosophy 102 4.1.2. The importance of self-care 108 4.1.3. Knowing how to prepare 113 4.1.4. The conversion obligation 117 4.2. Urgency of the spiritual exercises 123 4.2.1. Spiritual exercises for the contemporary world 123 4.2.2. The need for a master 132 4.3. The spiritual innovator of the 21st Century 137 Conclusion 139 References 155 Index of Names 165 Index of Notions 167

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe technical progress illustrated by the development of Artificial Intelligence (AI), Big Data technologies, the Internet of Things (IoT), online platforms, NBICs, autonomous expert systems, and the Blockchain let appear the possibility of a new world and the emergence of a fourth industrial revolution centered around digital data. Therefore, the advent of digital and its omnipresence in our modern society create a growing need to lay ethical benchmarks against this new religion of data, the "dataisme".Table of ContentsForeword viiLina WILLIATTE Acknowledgments ix Introduction xi Chapter 1. Ethics at the Service of Digital Technology 1 1.1. Towards a new paradigm of the digital society 2 1.2. Questions regarding the algorithmic universe 8 1.3. Ethics as a digital compass 19 1.4. Ethical challenges and risks regarding algorithmic processing 27 1.5. The environmental parameters of digital technology 37 1.6. What is the place of mankind in this digital society? 43 Chapter 2. The Code is Ethics and Ethics is the Code 55 2.1. Nature, the creator of codes, programming and algorithms 56 2.2. Algorithmic Darwinism 62 2.3. The evolutionary digital world 64 2.4. Environmental ethics 67 2.5. Algorithmic ethics 72 2.5.1. The symbiotic bridge between algorithms and ethics 75 2.5.2. Trust at the heart of a new ethics 79 2.5.3. The “blockchainization” of ethics 87 2.6. The codification of ethics via a process of networks of neurons 90 2.7. The complexity around an ethical AI 98 2.8. The Neo-Platonist ethical systemic platform (Ψ, G, Φ) 104 2.9. The systemic analysis approach centered on the individual in a digital ecosystem 112 2.10. Toward quantum ethics? 118 Chapter 3. The Framework for Algorithmic Processing 121 3.1. Characteristics of NICT essential for their use 122 3.1.1. Adaptability 125 3.1.2. Availability 125 3.1.3. Robustness 125 3.1.4. Auditability 127 3.1.5. IT integration 128 3.1.6. Consolidation 128 3.1.7. Diffusion 129 3.1.8. Co-ordination 129 3.1.9. Interoperability 129 3.2. Scenarios for the digital economy. 131 3.2.1. Scenario 1: the generalization and commercialization of algorithms combined with Platform as a Service (PaaS) tools 134 3.2.2. Scenario 2: organization into silos independent of data producers and algorithmic processing specialists 134 3.2.3. Scenario 3: domination of AI leaders via proprietary algorithms with unparalleled performances 135 3.3. An algorithm’s ethical rules 137 3.4. Ethical evaluation of algorithmic processing 142 3.4.1. Evaluation of data and practices 144 3.4.2. Evaluating the algorithm and its practices 146 3.5. The framework surrounding algorithmic systems 149 3.5.1. Digital governance 150 3.5.2. Digital regulation 155 3.5.3. Digital confidence 160 3.5.4. Algorithmic responsibility 164 3.6. Ethical management and direction framing algorithmic systems 169 Conclusion 179 Appendix 185 List of Abbreviations 191 References 197 Index 207

Read more less

Book SynopsisLarge-scale, interoperable biobanks are an increasingly important asset in today's life science research and, as a result, multiple types of biobanks are being established around the globe with very different financial, organizational and legal set-ups. With interdisciplinary chapters written by lawyers, sociologists, doctors and biobank practitioners, Global Genes, Local Concerns identifies and discusses the most pressing issues in contemporary biobanking.This timely book addresses pressing questions such as: how do national biobanks best contribute to translational research?; What are the opportunities and challenges that current regulations present for translational use of biobanks?; How does inter-biobank coordination and collaboration occur on various levels?; and how could academic and industrial exploitation, ownership and IPR issues be addressed and facilitated? Identifying that biobanks foundational and operational set-ups should be legally and ethically sound, while at the same time reflecting the hopes and concerns of all the involved stakeholders, this book contributes to the continued development of international biobanking by highlighting and analysing the complexities in this important area of research.Academics in the fields of law and ethics, health law and biomedical law, as well as biobank managers and policymakers will find this insightful book a stimulating and engaging read.Contributors include: T. Bossow, T.A. Caulfield, B.J. Clark, Å. Hellstadius, J.R. Herrmann, K. Høyer, M. Jordan, J. Kaye, N.C.H. Kongsholm, K. Liddell, J. Liddicoat, M.J. Madison, T. Minssen, B. Murdoch, W. Nicholson Price II, E. Ortega-Paino, M. Prictor, M.B. Rasmussen, K. Sargsyan, J. Schovsbo, A.M. Tupasela, E. van Zimmeren, F. Vogl, H. Yu, P.K. YuTrade Review‘a valuable tool not only for researchers and policymakers, but also to legal practitioners.’ -- Peter Ling, IPkatTable of ContentsContents: Introduction Part I - Biobanks, Big Data and Modes of Collaboration 1. Big Data and the ethics of detail: the role of ethics work in the making of a cross-national research infrastructure for genetic research Klaus Hoeyer, Aaro Tupasela, Malene Bøgehus Rasmussen 2. Biobanks as Knowledge Institutions Michael J. Madison Part II - Biobanks, translational medicine and tech transfer 3. Biobanks as Innovation Infrastructure for Translational Medicine W. Nicholson Price II 4. Responsible Use of Human Biosamples in the Bioscience Industries Brian J Clark and Tina Bossow Part III - Biobanks, Human Rights and Patient Involvement 5. Biobanking, Scientific Productions and Human Rights Peter K. Yu 6. You told me, Right? - Free and Informed Consent in European Patent Law Åsa Hellstadius and Jens Schovsbo 7. Dynamic Consent and Biobanking – A Means of Fostering Sustainability? Jane Kaye and Megan Prictor 8. Generating Trust in Biobanks within the Context of Commercialization: Can Dynamic Consent Overcome Trust Challenges? Esther van Zimmeren 9. Exploitation and vulnerabilities in consent to biobank research in developing countries Nana Cecilie Halmsted Kongsholm 10. Biobanking and the Consent Problem Timothy Caulfield and Blake Murdoch Part IV - Biobanks, Guidelines and Good Governance 11. Responsible Research and Innovation and the Advancement of Biobanking and Biomedical research Helen Yu 12. Do we need an expiration date for biobanks? Franziska Vogl and Karine Sargsyan 13. Biobanks and Biobank Networks Eva Ortega-Paíno and Aaro Tupasela 14. IP Policies for Large Bioresources: the fiction, fantasy and future of openness Kathleen Liddell, Johnathan Liddicoat and Matthew Jordan Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisIn the coming decades robots and artificial intelligence will fundamentally change our world. In doing so they offer the hope of a golden future, one where the elderly are looked after by companion robots, where the disabled can walk, robot security protects us all, remote rural areas have access to the best urban facilities and there is almost limitless prosperity. But there are dangers. There are fears in the labour market that robots will replace jobs, leaving many unemployed, and increase inequality. In relying too much on robots, people may reduce their human contact and see their cognitive abilities decline. There are even concerns, reflected in many science fiction films, that robots may eventually become competitors with humans for survival. This book looks at both the history of robots, in science and in fiction, as well as the science behind robots. Specific chapters analyse the impact of robots on the labour market, people's attitudes to robots, the impact of robots on society, and the appropriate policies to pursue to prepare our world for the robot revolution. Overall the book strikes a cautionary tone. Robots will change our world dramatically and they will also change human beings. These important issues are examined from the perspective of an economist, but the book is intended to appeal to a wider audience in the social sciences and beyond.Table of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Innovation 2. The History and Development of Robots 3. Robots now and in the Future 4. The Science of Robots 5. The impact on employment, unemployment and wages 6. The Economic, Social and Political Impact 7. People’s Hopes and Fears 8. Policies to deal with potential problems and to realise the promise 9. A Changing World of Innovation References Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisProviding an insightful analysis of the key issues and significant trends relating to labour within the platform economy, this Modern Guide considers the existing comparative evidence covering all world regions. It also provides an in-depth look at digital labour platforms in their historical, economic and geographical contexts. Highlighting the diversity of experience of platform work, case studies illustrate how general trends play out, both in online and location-based labour platforms, across the globe. Chapters illustrate a need for a post-pandemic regulatory requirement of digital labour platforms at different policy levels, whilst providing a general overview of key topics. Interlinking contributions with a global scope and coverage identify the challenges faced and offer thoughtful regulatory solutions. This engaging book will be an invaluable resource for academics of labour economics, legal and business studies and sociology. It will also benefit policy makers in social and political geography and political science looking for a deeper understanding of the topic.Trade Review‘This collected volume on the world of work produced by platform companies should be required reading for anyone interested in the modern politics of labor. Drahokoupil and Vandaele have brought together cutting-edge scholars and scholarship to historicize the emergence of the platform economy and to understand its complex, transnational implications for work and workers. Together, the chapters help to contextualize both the challenges and opportunities posed by digital labor and should be required reading for regulators, policymakers, and academics alike.’ -- Veena Dubal, University of California College of the Law, San Francisco, US‘Here’s everything you need to know about the platform economy and workers—and perhaps hadn’t even thought of asking—in this comprehensive Modern Guide. It covers emerging trends, particular cases, regulatory issues and much else, and is likely to become an essential guide for researchers and policy makers.’ -- Jayati Ghosh, University of Massachusetts Amherst, USTable of ContentsContents: 1 Introduction: Janus meets Proteus in the platform economy 1 Jan Drahokoupil and Kurt Vandaele PART I CONTEXT AND ISSUES 2 The business models of labour platforms: Creating an uncertain future 33 Jan Drahokoupil 3 Moving on, out or up: The externalization of work to B2B platforms 49 Pamela Meil and Mehtap Akgü. 4 Measuring the platform economy: Different approaches to estimating the size of the online platform workforce 66 Agnieszka Piasna 5 A historical perspective on the drivers of digital labour platforms 81 Gérard Valenduc 6 The platform economy at the forefront of a changing world of work: Implications for occupational health and safety 96 Pierre Bérastégui and Sacha Garben 7 How place and space matter to union organizing in the platform economy 112 Benjamin Herr, Philip Schörpf and Jörg Flecker PART II REGULATING PLATFORM WORK 8 Embedding platforms in contemporary labour law 129 Valerio De Stefano and Mathias Wouters 9 The regulation of platform work in the European Union: Mapping the challenges 145 Sacha Garben 10 Workers, platforms and the state: The struggle over digital labour platform regulation 162 Sai Englert, Mark Graham, Sandra Fredman, Darcy du Toit, Adam Badger, Richard Heeks and Jean-Paul Van Belle 11 Trade union responses to platform work: An evolving tension between mainstream and grassroots approaches 177 Simon Joyce and Mark Stuart PART III CASE STUDIES ACROSS THE GLOBE: ONLINE LABOUR PLATFORMS 12 The uneven potential of online platform work for human development at the global margins 194 Mark Graham, Vili Lehdonvirta, Alex J. Wood, Helena Barnard, Isis Hjorth and David Peter Simon 13 From outsourcing to crowdsourcing: Assessing the implications for Indian workers of different outsourcing strategies 209 Janine Berg, Uma Rani and Nora Gobel 14 The geographic and linguistic variety of online labour markets: The cases of Russia and Ukraine 225 Mariya Aleksynska, Andrey Shevchuk and Denis Strebkov PART IV CASE STUDIES ACROSS THE GLOBE: LOCATION-BASED LABOUR PLATFORMS 15 Aliada and Alia: Contrasting for-profit and non-profit platforms for domestic work in Mexico and the United States 242 Andrea Santiago Páramo and Carlos Piñeyro Nelson 16 The role of worker collectives among app-based food delivery couriers in France, Germany and Norway: All the same or different? 258 Kristin Jesnes, Denis Neumann, Vera Trappmann and Pauline de Becdelièvre 17 The pitfalls and promises of successfully organizing Foodora couriers in Toronto 274 Raoul Gebert 18 Labour management and resistance among platform-based food delivery couriers in Beijing 290 Jack Linchuan Qiu, Ping Sun and Julie Chen 19 Struggles over the power and meaning of digital labour platforms: A comparison of the Vienna, Berlin, New York and Los Angeles taxi markets 308 Hannah Johnston and Susanne Pernicka 20 Passenger transport in Australia: Injury compensation, public policy and the health pandemic 323 David Peetz PART V CLOSING THOUGHTS 21 Institutional experimentation and the challenges of platform labour 339 Maria Figueroa Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisElgar Advanced Introductions are stimulating and thoughtful introductions to major fields in the social sciences and law, expertly written by the world's leading scholars. Designed to be accessible yet rigorous, they offer concise and lucid surveys of the substantive and policy issues associated with discrete subject areas. This cutting edge book introduces the origins and consequences of digital platforms, examining how artificial intelligence-enabled digital platforms collect and process data from and about users by providing social media and e-commerce services. Robin Mansell and W. Edward Steinmueller compare and contrast neoclassical, institutional and critical political economy approaches. They show how uneven power relationships between platform operators and their users are analysed in different economic traditions. Key features include: analysis of economic and public values provides a foundation for platform regulation examines the impacts of platforms on the media industry challenges claims of the inevitability of platform dominance discusses key challenges, including: artificial intelligence, data sharing and competition in the digital economy. This concise book will be indispensable for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students of media and communication studies, innovation studies and economics, particularly those focusing on platform economics.Trade Review'This Advanced Introduction provides a much-needed analysis of digital platforms and their major influence on society. What makes Mansell and Steinmueller's book stand out is that it looks at platforms not only through the lens of neo-classical economics, but also of institutional economics and critical political economy, comprehensively demonstrating how these theories differ in their assessment of both consequences of platforms and the need for regulation and non-commercial alternatives.' --Manuel Puppis, University of Fribourg, Switzerland'This is a timely and useful overview of the multifaceted roles of digital platforms by two leading experts in the field. The book presents an insightful discussion of three different economic perspectives on the benefits and dangers of digital platforms. It also addresses the most critical issues concerning users, policy makers, platform operators and society as a whole, identifying reforms that may be necessary. Highly recommended for an understanding of the challenges ahead.' --Franco Malerba, Bocconi University, Italy'Digital platforms are the dominant new business model of the digital economy. With Advanced Introduction to Platform Economics, Mansell and Steinmueller have written a wonderfully accessible and insightful treatise which will be extremely valuable to all students who want to understand digital platforms' economic mechanisms and their social consequences.' --Annabelle Gawer, University of Surrey, UKTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction 2. Digital platform origins and novelty 3. Economic analysis of platforms 4. Technologies and datafication practices 5. Self-regulation and alternative business models 6. Policy, regulation and alternative platform provision 7. Global perspectives 8. Conclusion References Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisElgar Advanced Introductions are stimulating and thoughtful introductions to major fields in the social sciences and law, expertly written by the world's leading scholars. Designed to be accessible yet rigorous, they offer concise and lucid surveys of the substantive and policy issues associated with discrete subject areas. This cutting edge book introduces the origins and consequences of digital platforms, examining how artificial intelligence-enabled digital platforms collect and process data from and about users by providing social media and e-commerce services. Robin Mansell and W. Edward Steinmueller compare and contrast neoclassical, institutional and critical political economy approaches. They show how uneven power relationships between platform operators and their users are analysed in different economic traditions. Key features include: analysis of economic and public values provides a foundation for platform regulation examines the impacts of platforms on the media industry challenges claims of the inevitability of platform dominance discusses key challenges, including: artificial intelligence, data sharing and competition in the digital economy. This concise book will be indispensable for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students of media and communication studies, innovation studies and economics, particularly those focusing on platform economics.Trade Review'This Advanced Introduction provides a much-needed analysis of digital platforms and their major influence on society. What makes Mansell and Steinmueller's book stand out is that it looks at platforms not only through the lens of neo-classical economics, but also of institutional economics and critical political economy, comprehensively demonstrating how these theories differ in their assessment of both consequences of platforms and the need for regulation and non-commercial alternatives.' --Manuel Puppis, University of Fribourg, Switzerland'This is a timely and useful overview of the multifaceted roles of digital platforms by two leading experts in the field. The book presents an insightful discussion of three different economic perspectives on the benefits and dangers of digital platforms. It also addresses the most critical issues concerning users, policy makers, platform operators and society as a whole, identifying reforms that may be necessary. Highly recommended for an understanding of the challenges ahead.' --Franco Malerba, Bocconi University, Italy'Digital platforms are the dominant new business model of the digital economy. With Advanced Introduction to Platform Economics, Mansell and Steinmueller have written a wonderfully accessible and insightful treatise which will be extremely valuable to all students who want to understand digital platforms' economic mechanisms and their social consequences.' --Annabelle Gawer, University of Surrey, UKTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction 2. Digital platform origins and novelty 3. Economic analysis of platforms 4. Technologies and datafication practices 5. Self-regulation and alternative business models 6. Policy, regulation and alternative platform provision 7. Global perspectives 8. Conclusion References Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis insightful Handbook scrutinizes alternative concepts and approaches to the dominant economic or industrial theories of innovation. Providing an assessment of these approaches, it questions the absence of these neglected types of innovation and suggests diverse theories. International contributors provide a historical and critical analysis of all aspects of innovation, answering important questions such as ‘are we just reinventing the wheel?’. Examining concepts that have existed for over a decade, chapters provide clarity on answering this question and investigate whether progress is actually being made. Split into seven parts, starting with the visions of innovation and reviewing multiple approaches and types of innovation, as well as utilising case studies to illustrate theories, this timely book provides an excellent update to this field. This Handbook will be an invaluable resource for scholars and researchers of business management and public policy as well as policy makers and stakeholders.Trade Review‘This Handbook truly deserves its designation as such. It provides a comprehensive and multi-faceted overview of different conceptual meanings, theories, usages and interpretations of “innovation”. Far beyond the most familiar association with technology and industry, the reader is introduced to “social“, “responsible“, “sustainable“, “disruptive“ and other variations of innovation, their respective rationales, theoretical underpinnings, philosophical and policy implications. This collection of contributions by well-respected authors is a fascinating and unique attempt to capture the many paths covered by “innovation“ as a traveling concept.’ -- Peter Weingart, Bielefeld University, GermanyTable of ContentsContents: Introduction to the Handbook on Alternative Theories of Innovation 1 Benoît Godin, Gérald Gaglio and Dominique Vinck PART I VISIONS OF INNOVATION 1 Innovation theology 11 Benoît Godin 2 Imaginaries of innovation 23 Harro van Lente PART II THEORIZING INNOVATION IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY: THE FOUNDATIONS 3 Theories of innovation 38 Benoît Godin 4 Economic approaches to industrial technological innovation 59 Irwin Feller PART III ALTERNATIVE APPROACHES TO INNOVATION 5 Mapping innovation diversity 79 Mónica Edwards-Schachter 6 Social innovation: contested understandings of social change 106 Cornelius Schubert 7 Sustainable innovation: analysing literature lineages 122 Frank Boons and Riza Batista-Navarro 8 Responsible innovation: challenging an alternative 135 Lucien von Schomberg PART IV ALTERNATIVE TYPES OF INNOVATION 9 User-centred innovation: from innovative users to user centred programmes 148 Bastien Tavner 10 Open innovation: the open society and its entrepreneurial bias 162 Tiago Brandão 11 Disruptive innovation: an organizational strategy and a technological concept 182 Darryl Cressman 12 Common innovation: the oldest species of innovation? 197 G.M. Peter Swann 13 Grassroots innovation: mainstreaming the discourse of informal sector 212 Fayaz Ahmad Sheikh and Hemant Kumar 14 Frugal innovation: reaching an ‘empowered’ developing-countries end-user 233 Céline Cholez and Pascale Trompette PART V SUPPORTING INNOVATION: REFRAMING THE INSTRUMENTS 15 X-innovation and international organizations narratives 252 Carolina Bagattolli 16 Transformative innovation policy: a novel approach? 276 Markus Grillitsch, Teis Hansen and Stine Madsen 17 Business innovation measurement: history and evolution 292 Giulio Perani PART VI IMMUNE DISCIPLINES AND FORGOTTEN THEORIZATIONS 18 Religion and innovation: charting the territory 310 Boris Rähme 19 Anthropology of and for innovation 334 Ulrich Ufer and Alexandra Hausstein 20 Philosophical reflections on the concept of innovation 354 Vincent Blok PART VII THEORIZING THE THEORIES 21 Ideology, engine or regime. Styles of critique and theories of innovation 369 Brice Laurent 22 Collateral innovation: renewing theory from case-studies 387 Gérald Gaglio and Dominique Vinck Conclusion to the Handbook on Alternative Theories of Innovation 404 Gérald Gaglio, Dominique Vinck and Benoît Godin Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis timely book explores the likely success or failure of potential transport innovations. Chapters examine societally relevant effects of transport transitions, including impacts on the environment, accessibility, safety and more. It focuses on complex innovations in which both public and private actors are involved.Combining insights from innovation sciences with evolutionary economics, business economics, managerial sciences, psychology and history, the chapters consider state-of-the-art innovation theories applied to sustainable transport, with an emphasis on approaches to understanding behaviour. The book then explores a range of potential transitions, covering technological innovations such as vehicle electrification, e-bikes and light electric vehicles in city logistics, before moving on to look at service innovations including carsharing, mobility as a service and e-shopping.Offering coverage of both frameworks and innovation examples themselves, this book will be an interesting read for transport studies and innovation scholars. It will also be a useful tool for policy makers and planners working in the area.Trade Review‘A systems change is on its way. Cities all over the world are changing their mobility paradigms, trying to transform car-oriented cities into places for people. This change goes hand in hand with the necessary change towards climate neutral mobility and more liveable cities. It comes at a time when car ownership can be replaced by alternatives such as shared mobility or mobility as a service, and many other smaller and larger innovations are shaping the future. In this book it is shown how transition theory and other frameworks can help to understand the incremental and radical changes that are supporting this transition towards a more sustainable mobility system. A must-read for everyone who wants to understand what the future of mobility will look like!’ -- Cathy Macharis, VUB-Mobilise, Belgium‘The transportation field has long put its faith in technological innovation as a way to solve our problems, whether traffic congestion or environmental impacts. But it is not that simple, as the theoretical frameworks and specific examples presented in this book demonstrate. Readers will find many important insights here.’ -- Susan Handy, University of California, Davis, USTable of ContentsContents: Preface x 1 Introduction to Innovations in Transport 1 Bert van Wee, Jan Anne Annema and Jonathan Köhler PART I FRAMEWORKS FOR ANALYSING TRANSPORT INNOVATIONS 2 A transitions theory perspective on transport innovation 14 Bonno Pel 3 Modelling innovations in freight transport: a business ecosystem perspective 35 Giovanni Zenezini and Lóránt A. Tavasszy 4 Understanding mobility biographies: conceptual and empirical advancements and practical innovation 68 Henrike Rau and Joachim Scheiner 5 Behavioral economics and social nudges in sustainable travel 89 William Riggs 6 Transport innovation theories: a brief overview 111 Jan Anne Annema PART II TRANSPORT INNOVATIONS 7 Technological innovation systems and transport innovations: understanding vehicle electrification in Norway 131 Ove Langeland, Cyriac George and Erik Figenbaum 8 Beyond market success: unpacking the societal implications of the e-bike 164 Qi Sun 9 Explaining the growth in light electric vehicles in city logistics 188 Ron van Duin, Walther Ploos van Amstel and Hans Quak 10 Automated driving on the path to enlightenment? 221 Maaike Snelder, Gonçalo Homem de Almeida Correia and Bart van Arem 11 Assessing policies to scale up carsharing 242 Karla Münzel, Marlous Arentshorst, Wouter Boon and Koen Frenken 12 Mobility-as-a-Service: how governance is shaping an innovation and its outcomes 269 Wijnand Veeneman 13 E-shopping, travel behavior, and society: a multi-level perspective on sustainable transitions 295 Kunbo Shi, Long Cheng and Frank Witlox 14 Identifying disruptive innovations in transport: the case of the Hyperloop 316 Yashar Araghi and Isabel R. Wilmink 15 Mission-oriented innovation policy: the case of the Swedish “Vision Zero” approach to traffic safety 343 Jannes Craens, Koen Frenken and Toon Meelen Index 359

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis timely book explores the likely success or failure of potential transport innovations. Chapters examine societally relevant effects of transport transitions, including impacts on the environment, accessibility, safety and more. It focuses on complex innovations in which both public and private actors are involved.Combining insights from innovation sciences with evolutionary economics, business economics, managerial sciences, psychology and history, the chapters consider state-of-the-art innovation theories applied to sustainable transport, with an emphasis on approaches to understanding behaviour. The book then explores a range of potential transitions, covering technological innovations such as vehicle electrification, e-bikes and light electric vehicles in city logistics, before moving on to look at service innovations including carsharing, mobility as a service and e-shopping.Offering coverage of both frameworks and innovation examples themselves, this book will be an interesting read for transport studies and innovation scholars. It will also be a useful tool for policy makers and planners working in the area.Trade Review‘A systems change is on its way. Cities all over the world are changing their mobility paradigms, trying to transform car-oriented cities into places for people. This change goes hand in hand with the necessary change towards climate neutral mobility and more liveable cities. It comes at a time when car ownership can be replaced by alternatives such as shared mobility or mobility as a service, and many other smaller and larger innovations are shaping the future. In this book it is shown how transition theory and other frameworks can help to understand the incremental and radical changes that are supporting this transition towards a more sustainable mobility system. A must-read for everyone who wants to understand what the future of mobility will look like!’ -- Cathy Macharis, VUB-Mobilise, Belgium‘The transportation field has long put its faith in technological innovation as a way to solve our problems, whether traffic congestion or environmental impacts. But it is not that simple, as the theoretical frameworks and specific examples presented in this book demonstrate. Readers will find many important insights here.’ -- Susan Handy, University of California, Davis, USTable of ContentsContents: Preface x 1 Introduction to Innovations in Transport 1 Bert van Wee, Jan Anne Annema and Jonathan Köhler PART I FRAMEWORKS FOR ANALYSING TRANSPORT INNOVATIONS 2 A transitions theory perspective on transport innovation 14 Bonno Pel 3 Modelling innovations in freight transport: a business ecosystem perspective 35 Giovanni Zenezini and Lóránt A. Tavasszy 4 Understanding mobility biographies: conceptual and empirical advancements and practical innovation 68 Henrike Rau and Joachim Scheiner 5 Behavioral economics and social nudges in sustainable travel 89 William Riggs 6 Transport innovation theories: a brief overview 111 Jan Anne Annema PART II TRANSPORT INNOVATIONS 7 Technological innovation systems and transport innovations: understanding vehicle electrification in Norway 131 Ove Langeland, Cyriac George and Erik Figenbaum 8 Beyond market success: unpacking the societal implications of the e-bike 164 Qi Sun 9 Explaining the growth in light electric vehicles in city logistics 188 Ron van Duin, Walther Ploos van Amstel and Hans Quak 10 Automated driving on the path to enlightenment? 221 Maaike Snelder, Gonçalo Homem de Almeida Correia and Bart van Arem 11 Assessing policies to scale up carsharing 242 Karla Münzel, Marlous Arentshorst, Wouter Boon and Koen Frenken 12 Mobility-as-a-Service: how governance is shaping an innovation and its outcomes 269 Wijnand Veeneman 13 E-shopping, travel behavior, and society: a multi-level perspective on sustainable transitions 295 Kunbo Shi, Long Cheng and Frank Witlox 14 Identifying disruptive innovations in transport: the case of the Hyperloop 316 Yashar Araghi and Isabel R. Wilmink 15 Mission-oriented innovation policy: the case of the Swedish “Vision Zero” approach to traffic safety 343 Jannes Craens, Koen Frenken and Toon Meelen Index 359

Read more less

Book SynopsisWritten in an accessible style with comprehensive coverage, the Handbook of Gender and Technology provides an excellent foundation examining gender equity in technology fields. Covering the state of the art, chapters consider three key influences – environmental, identity and individual – to highlight interventions to address the gender gap in technology. Using qualitative and quantitative methods, the expert contributors seek to understand the subjective reality of those experiencing gender barriers and to provide the reader with both theory and research results into gender diversity in technology. This Handbook provides a comprehensive review of issues faced by women and gender minorities in technology fields. It is global in perspective, including chapters about Africa, Asia-Pacific, Europe, and North America. It is intersectional in approach, including the standpoint of racial and ethnic minorities, persons with disabilities, and members of the LGBTQA+ community.Providing a unified look at the challenges faced, this insightful Handbook is an excellent resource for scholars interested in gender and social inclusion in technology fields. It also provides an informative guide for policymakers and managers in global organizations tasked with developing interventions using data-driven practices to address the gender gap.Trade Review‘Professors Trauth and Quesenberry pull together the most up-to-date and comprehensive view of the gender imbalance in the IT field that I am aware of. This is a timely infusion of what has been learned to date and why interventions to create more balance do and do not work. Given recent discussions in the Information Systems academic community, this should provide a wonderful resource to elevate the conversation from wheel spinning to serious action taking.’ -- Fred Niederman, St. Louis University, USTable of ContentsContents: 1 Introduction to the Handbook of Gender and Technology 1 Eileen M. Trauth and Jeria L. Quesenberry 2 An overview of the individual differences theory of gender and IT 22 Eileen M. Trauth PART I ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES 3 Invisible but ubiquitous: leveraging ICTs for development in gendered systems of exclusion – Nigeria and Cameroon 56 Patience Akpan-Obong 4 The gender gap in information systems service organizations in Korea: a contextual hierarchy perspective 77 Gyeung-min Kim, Namjae Cho and Hee-Sun Kim 5 The FESTA project: doing gender equality work in STEM faculties in Europe 90 Minna Salminen-Karlsson 6 National culture and policy institutionalizing workplace change: supporting women’s career progression in STEM through Athena SWAN 106 Regina Connolly and Ita Richardson 7 Promoting gender equality at two European universities through structural change interventions: the EQUAL-IST project 126 Elena Gorbacheva and Isabel Ramos 8 Connected and committed? Culture and context in career entrenchment of Indian and native-born women in the United States IT workforce 149 Monica Adya and Sangeeta Parashar 9 Thriving as women in IT publishing, leadership, and service: challenges faced and lessons learned 165 Cynthia K. Riemenschneider and Deborah J. Armstrong PART II IDENTITY INFLUENCES 10 The influence of intersectional identity on women in the IT field 182 Eileen M. Trauth 11 We cannot build equitable artificial intelligence hiring systems without the inclusion of minoritized technology workers 200 Lynette Yarger, Courtney Smith and Adanna Nedd 12 BLKGENIUS: a social-academic network for combating the underrepresentation of Black men in computing in the United States 216 Curtis C. Cain 13 Founding oSTEM: trailblazing for LGBTQA+ communities 229 Eric Patridge 14 The chains that bind: gender, disability, race, and IT accommodations 252 Eleanor T. Loiacono and Shiya Cao 15 Gender and work–life balance in the IT field 273 Manju K. Ahuja PART III INDIVIDUAL INFLUENCES 16 Empowering Techgirls: role modeling and mentoring the next generation in STEM 296 Tricia Massey, Jenine Beekhuyzen and Sue Nielsen 17 Intervention organizations to increase women’s engagement with IT: a case study of NCWIT 311 Roli Varma 18 Lessons from women coping with IT workplace barriers 328 Hala Annabi 19 Job crafting to recruit and retain women in the IT workforce: what would it take to keep you here? 351 Mari W. Buche 20 Applying a feminist ethics of care in conducting internet-based archival gender research: the case of studying Gamergate Reactions 369 Florence M. Chee, Todd Suomela, Bettina Berendt and Geoffrey Martin Rockwell 21 Longitudinal effects on individual influences in women’s pursuit of computer science education 386 Jeria L. Quesenberry 22 Am I good enough? Sources of IT self-efficacy as key impediments to narrowing the IT gender gap 398 K.D. Joshi Index 415

Read more less

Book SynopsisData Ethics of Power takes a reflective and fresh look at the ethical implications of transforming everyday life and the world through the effortless, costless, and seamless accumulation of extra layers of data. By shedding light on the constant tensions that exist between ethical principles and the interests invested in this socio-technical transformation, the book bridges the theory and practice divide in the study of the power dynamics that underpin these processes of the digitalization of the world. Gry Hasselbalch expertly draws on nearly two decades of experience in the field, and key literature, to advance a better understanding of the challenges faced by big data and AI developers. She provides an innovative ethical framework for studying and governing Big-Data and Artificial Intelligence. Offering both a historical account and a theoretical analysis of power dynamics and their ethical implications, as well as incisive ideas to guide future research and governance practices, the book makes a significant contribution to the establishment of an emerging data and AI ethics discipline.This timely book is a must-read for scholars studying AI, data, and technology ethics. Policymakers in the regulatory, governance, public administration, and management sectors will find the practical proposals for a human-centric approach to big data and AI to be a valuable resource for revising and developing future policies.Trade Review’In this concise work, Hasselbalch outlines the ramifications of power with respect to data ethics and cultural data practices. Beginning with definitions of common terminology used in the field, Hasselbalch establishes common ground for readers and takes them through a breadth of power scenarios in various areas of data ethics practice. She explores the influence of power in realistic situations such as policy vacuums and surveillance society. Though a number of publications address data science ethics, what sets this work apart is the robust depth of knowledge the author brings to the topic; she moves beyond a descriptive approach to focus on the interactive relationship between power and data ethics. The text usefully identifies regional differences between the European Union and other areas of the world in light of the EU's stringent data-protections regime. Given the regional differences and international nature of many data science operations, this work is relevant to students worldwide. Hasselbalch offers a rich bibliography for extended study along with the usual backmatter. Undergraduate and graduate students studying computer science and related technologies will profit from reading the book. Highly recommended. Lower- and upper-division undergraduates.’ -- K J Whitehair, CHOICE‘Data Ethics of Power is an instant classic of technology law and policy. Its wise and topical policy recommendations stand on rigorous philosophical foundations. In Hasselbalch’s work, we are taken on a journey to the origins of ethics, to understand the critical importance of empowering institutions for wise governance of AI. As policymakers work to promote and channel AI, they should find much here to guide their deliberations. Deeply relevant to academics, practitioners, and anyone interested in the future development of advanced technology, Data Ethics of Power revitalizes the field of AI ethics.’ -- Frank Pasquale, Brooklyn Law School, US‘This book offers a unique and timely contribution to the fields of data and AI ethics by examining power structures in both the big data and the AI ethics space. Dr. Hasselbalch provides a paradigm shift in thinking about data ethics and power stating that data ethics is not only about power but also is power. Re-framing the discussion in this way uncovers novel solutions to the pressing problems created by big data and AI. This book is required reading for academics, industry leaders, and policy makers in the data and AI ethics space looking to address the future of data and AI in society on a global scale.’ -- Aimee van Wynsberghe, University of Bonn, Germany‘Data Ethics of Power by Gry Hasselbalch provides a deeply impactful approach to a subject typically bogged down by technical or political dogma by identifying the systems of power that create the highest levels of obfuscation around data. But it is in her revelation that open, unconditional love will provide the individual and communal willingness for genuine change that her words bring essential human healing regarding autonomous data ethics governance.’ -- John C. Havens, author of Heartificial Intelligence: Embracing our Humanity to Maximize Machines‘A recurring criticism of tech ethics is that ideas about responsible innovation are idealizations—aspirational wish lists too far removed from inequitable real-world power struggles. Gry Hasselbalch’s Data Ethics of Power: A Human Approach in the Big Data and AI Era provides a much-needed corrective. This masterful, interdisciplinary work makes a deep, human-centered case for conceptualizing and practicing data ethics as interrogating and negotiating infrastructures of power and their complex underlying cultural conditions.’ -- Evan Selinger, Rochester Institute of Technology, USTable of ContentsContents: Preface Introduction to Data Ethics of Power 1. Big Data Sociotechnical Infrastructures (BDSTIs) 2. Sociotechnical change and data ethical governance 3. Artificial Intelligence Sociotechnical Infrastructures (AISTIs) 4. Data interests and data cultures 5. What is data ethics? 6. Conclusion to Data Ethics of Power Bibliography Index

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book SynopsisAI and Popular Culture explores the development and social significance of artificial intelligence by looking at representations in fiction, film and television, as well as examining the effect of AI technologies on the way we consume culture. Lee Barron traces the evolution of AI – from the Turing Machine to deep learning, to interrogate the key issues and debates. He uses examples of AI from pop culture to help us understand how the technology is changing aspects of society from surveillance and work to human relationships with technology. AI and Popular Culture sheds light on how artificial intelligence has changed our world and helps you to understand where it might take us next. It also makes significant contributions to Media and Cultural Studies, Humanities, and Social Sciences, as well as to subjects such as AI Ethics and Society and Computing.Table of ContentsIntroduction- The Age of AI Technics Chapter 1. The Development of Artificial Intelligence and AI Debates Chapter 2. AI and Literature Chapter 3. AI and Film Chapter 4. AI and Television Chapter 5. AI Culture: Living with Artificial Intelligence Conclusion- AI Futures: The Terminator, Kurzweil or Machine Learning Scenario?

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis timely book takes an insightful look at rethinking innovation and how lessons can be learnt from what is a major turning point in our contemporary societies: the urgent need to reduce the use or consumption of certain substances and technologies due to the dangers they pose to our environments and current way of life. Using theoretical reflection and empirical work in a broad range of sectors including agriculture, food, health, religion, energy, packaging, markets and digital technology, eminent scholars utilise new perspectives to enrich our understanding of innovation processes and how these can be transformed.New Horizons for Innovation Studies provides a deep dive into what our production and consumption processes are, how they could be innovated differently and how those innovations could interrogate social science concepts and in particular science and technology studies. Chapters explore key case studies and topics for innovation studies, such as the reduced use of antibiotics and pesticides, car-free cities, bans on plastic use and decreasing meat consumption. Further, the book challenges both the partial and complete withdrawal of certain substances and technologies that currently sit at the heart of our contemporary lifestyles, and explores the emergence of alternatives as well as the potential resistance, risks and outcomes.This engaging book will provide a thought-provoking read for scholars and graduate students in innovation policy, science and technology studies and public policy.Trade Review‘With social and environmental imperatives for transformation now taken for granted even at the most elite levels of international governance, there could hardly be a more timely and topical subject: the rethinking of innovation to be as much about how to withdraw from technologies as how to grow them. The result is a refreshingly deeply researched, wide-ranging and ambitious collection of accessible chapters both new and old – all highly practical and policy-relevant. This book is essential reading for anyone interested in taking seriously the responsibilities to steer innovation in directions that deliver peace, social justice and ecological flourishing.’ -- Andy Stirling, University of Sussex, UK‘This is a wonderful and timely contribution to innovation studies, and to science, technology and society studies. Everyone in those fields should read it, and profit from it.’ -- Arie Rip, University of Twente, the NetherlandsTable of ContentsContents: Beyond withdrawal, rethinking innovation in society: introductory considerations 1 Frédéric Goulet and Dominique Vinck PART I FRAMEWORKS 1 Withdrawal in the light of a historical analysis of innovation 18 Benoît Godin 2 Governing the discontinuation of large socio-technical systems 29 Pierre-Benoît Joly, Marc Barbier and Bruno Turnheim 3 How do technologies die? Studies of decline in literature on technological change 47 Zahar Koretsky PART II MECHANISMS FOR DETACHMENT 4 Going gluten-free: individual trajectories of avoidance 71 Grégori Akermann and Paul Coeurquetin 5 Reducing plastic use: from problems and solutions to problematisation 88 Gay Hawkins and Anisah Madden 6 Food without animals: substitution and exclusion 106 Sébastien Mouret and Jocelyne Porcher 7 The value of the Negawatt: load-shifting electricity consumption 120 Thomas Reverdy PART III INTENSITY OF DETACHMENT 8 Preventive moderation: vaccine hesitancy and vaccine selection in Quebec, 1960s–1990s 136 Laurence Monnais 9 Strong withdrawal or weak withdrawal? Problematization of pesticides and categorization of their alternatives in Argentina, Brazil and France 153 Frédéric Goulet, Alexis Aulagnier and Matthieu Hubert 10 Reducing antibiotic use in livestock farming 168 Nicolas Fortané, Florence Hellec, Florence Beaugrand, Nathalie Joly, and Mathilde Paul 11 White paper in a greening world: a journey through struggles over substitutes for chlorine bleaching 182 Nicolas Baya-Laffite PART IV DE-INTERMEDIATION AND REAGENCEMENT 12 Breaking with the assumption of centralization: an attempt to set up a peer-to-peer digital network for sharing agricultural data 201 Léa Stiefel and Dominique Vinck 13 Withdrawing as a matter of re-agencing: the case of bulk sales 216 Franck Cochoy, Alexandre Mallard and Cyrus Eugenio PART V RESISTANCE AND LOCKING 14 When industry holds back the withdrawal of an endocrine disruptor 230 Henri Boullier 15 Pharmaceutical markets and drug withdrawals 245 Nils Kessel 16 Uninventing the bomb 258 Donald MacKenzie 17 Aftercare, or doing less with discontinuation niche governance 268 Peter Stegmaier Conclusion: New Horizons for Innovation Studies 289 Frédéric Goulet and Dominique Vinck Index 300

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe study of the social implications of human enhancement is an interdisciplinary work that draws from the fields of political science, sociology, philosophy, and bioethics, among others. It is also a complex and rapidly evolving subject that raises important questions about the potential benefits and risks of these technologies, as well as how society should govern and regulate their development and use. An in-depth exploration of current and future human enhancement technologies, this book delves into the specifics of current and emerging human enhancement technologies, such as cognitive enhancers, brain-computer interfaces, and genetic engineering, discussing the state of the art, the limitations and also the technological developments that one can expect in the future and how they can be regulated and used responsibly.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe scientific and technological innovations that will take place over the next decade will transform our society in profound ways. Sex robots, or robots made for sex, are already becoming a reality as a substitute for human beings in bed: although current prototypes are relatively simple and crude, future technological capabilities will render sex robots capable of interacting with humans in more human-like ways. They will be able to recognize their partner, understand their state of mind, and learn their tastes and preferences.Professor Maurizio Balistreri introduces us to the fascinating world of sex of the future by addressing all the ethical issues that the large-scale commercialization of sex robots will raise without taboos and judgements. What will become of love if all our sexual relationships are conducted with machines? What will happen to the world of paid sex and pornography? Will sex robots increase or decrease sexual violence? In addition to confronting the international debate on the moral acceptability of sex robots, this book examines the most recent studies on violent video games and pornography, questioning the widespread belief that playing violent games or witnessing violent representations corrupts people and makes them violent. Not only could sex robots be an essential tool for expressing and exploring our most forbidden sexual fantasies, but they could also be used to treat sex offenders and paedophiles. Sex Robots is a book that questions our prejudices towards sex robots with clarity and simplicity, helping us reason and reflect on a future that is already present, in the awareness that robots will change the world and our lives.

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

Read more less

a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

Read more less

a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

Read more less

a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

Read more less