Ethical issues: scientific and medical developments Books

Book SynopsisThis accessible book introduces students to perspectives from the field of science and technology studies. Putting forward the thesis that science and democracy share important characteristics, it shows how authority cannot be taken for granted and must continuously be reproduced and confirmed by others. At a time when fundamental scientific and democratic values are being threatened by sceptics and populist arguments, an understanding of the relationship between them is much needed. This is an invaluable resource for all who are interested in the role of scientific knowledge in governance, societal developments and the implications for democracy, concerned publics and citizen engagement.Table of Contents1. The Best Knowledge and the Best Mode of Governance Part 1: Separation 2. Science and Politics as Separate Domains 3. The Relationship between Science and Politics Part 2: Overlap 4. Close but Not Too Close Part 3: Co-production 5. Co-production of Scientific Knowledge and Societal Order 6. Participation as Co-production 7. Scientific Citizenship 8. What Can Science and Technological Studies Say about Science and Democracy?

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Book SynopsisThis accessible book introduces students to perspectives from the field of science and technology studies. Putting forward the thesis that science and democracy share important characteristics, it shows how authority cannot be taken for granted and must continuously be reproduced and confirmed by others. At a time when fundamental scientific and democratic values are being threatened by sceptics and populist arguments, an understanding of the relationship between them is much needed. This is an invaluable resource for all who are interested in the role of scientific knowledge in governance, societal developments and the implications for democracy, concerned publics and citizen engagement.Table of Contents1. The Best Knowledge and the Best Mode of Governance Part 1: Separation 2. Science and Politics as Separate Domains 3. The Relationship between Science and Politics Part 2: Overlap 4. Close but Not Too Close Part 3: Co-production 5. Co-production of Scientific Knowledge and Societal Order 6. Participation as Co-production 7. Scientific Citizenship 8. What Can Science and Technological Studies Say about Science and Democracy?

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Book SynopsisCutting across disciplines from science and technology studies to the arts and humanities, this thought-provoking collection engages with key issues of social exclusion, inequality, power and knowledge in the context of COVID-19. The authors use the crisis as a lens to explore the contours of contemporary societies and lay bare the ways in which orthodox conceptions of the human condition can benefit a privileged few. Highlighting the lived experiences of marginalized groups from around the world, this is a boundary-spanning critical intervention to ongoing debates about the pandemic. It presents new ways of thinking in public policy, culture and the economy, and points the way forward to a more equitable and inclusive human future. Chapter 12 is available Open Access via OAPEN under CC-BY-NC-ND licence.Trade Review"Editors have given us an excellent new collection of essays with fresh, global perspectives on the sociology and politics of the pandemic... This collection stands out for demonstrating the value of collaborations across disciplines and for presenting so many new insights on the pandemic’s interaction with structural inequalities and the multifaceted implications for excluded and marginalized communities."Table of ContentsIntroduction - Paul Martin, Stevienna de Saille, Kirsty Liddiard and Warren Pearce Part 1: Knowing Humans 1. Making Models into Public Objects - Rokia Ballo and Warren Pearce 2. Pandemics, Metaphors and What It Means to Be Human - Brigitte Nerlich 3. The Role of Everyday Visuals in ‘Knowing Humans’ During COVID-19 - Camilla Mørk Røstvik, Helen Kennedy, Giorgia Aiello and C.W. Anderson 4. Humans, COVID-19 and Platform Societies - Stefania Vicari and Zheng Yang 5. Managing Pandemic Risk in an Interconnected World: What Planning a Wedding Shows about Early Responses to the COVID-19 Outbreak - Carlos Cuevas-Garcia Part 2: Marginalized Humans 6. Imperilled Humanities: Locked Down, Locked In and Lockdown Politics During the Pandemic - Dan Goodley and Katherine Runswick-Cole 7. “Why Would I Go to Hospital if It’s Not Going to Try and Save Me?”: Disabled Young People’s Experiences of the COVID-19 Crisis - Kirsty Liddiard, Katherine Runswick-Cole, Dan Goodley and the Co-Researcher Collective: Ruth Spurr, Sally Whitney, Emma Vogelmann, Lucy Watts MBE and Katy Evans 8. Science Advice for COVID-19 and Marginalized Communities in India - Poonam Pandey and Aviram Sharma 9. Pandemic: Satire and Human Hierarchies - Tanya Titchkosky Part 3: Biosocial Humans 10. Genomic Medicine and the Remaking of Human Health - Paul Martin 11. Frailty and the Value of a Human in COVID-19 Times - Dawn Goodwin, Cliff Shelton and Kate Weiner 12. “I’ve Got People’s Spit All over Me!”: Reflections on the Future of Life-Saving Stem Cell Donor Recruitment - Ros Williams 13. Science Told Me (But I Couldn’t See Its Point) - Rod Michalko Part 4: Human Futures 14: Where Will an Emerging Post-COVID-19 Future Position the Human? - Keren Naa Abeka Arthur, Effie Amanatidou, Stevienna de Saille, Timothy Birabi and Poonam Pandey 15. (Genome) Editing Future Societies - Michael Morrison 16. Inclusive Education in the Post-COVID-19 World - Anna Pilson 17. From TINA to TAMA: Social Futures and Democratic Dreaming in the Ruins of Capitalist Realism - Paul Graham Raven Conclusion: Thinking about ‘the Human’ during COVID-19 Times - Paul Martin, Stevienna de Saille, Kirsty Liddiard and Warren Pearce

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Book SynopsisFrom health tracking to diet apps to biohacking, technology is changing how we relate to our material, embodied selves. Drawing from a range of disciplines and case studies, this volume looks at what makes these health and genetic technologies unique and explores the representation, communication and internalization of health knowledge. Showcasing how power and inequality are reflected and reproduced by these technologies, discourses and practices, this book will be a go-to resource for scholars in science and technology studies as well as those who study the intersection of race, gender, socio-economic status, sexuality and health.Table of ContentsIntroduction 1. Social and Behavioural Genomics and the Ethics of (In)Visibility - Daphne Oluwaseun Martschenko 2. PureHealth: Feminist New Materialism, Posthuman Auto-Ethnography and Hegemonic Health Assemblages - Tina Sikka 3. Ambivalent Embodiment and HIV Treatment in South Africa - Elizabeth Mills 4. An ‘Artificial’ Concept as the Opposite of Human Dignity - Kazuhiko Shibuya 5. Health Praxis in the Age of Artificial Intelligence: Diagnostics, Caregiving and Reimagining the Role(s) of Healthcare Practitioners - Kevin Cummings and John Rief 6. Digital Health Technological Advancements and Gender Dynamics in STS - Anamika Gulati 7. Automation in Medical Imaging: Who Gets What AI Sees? Insights from the Adopters’ Perspective - Filomena Berardi and Giorgio Vernoni 8. Robots for Care: A Few Considerations from the Social Sciences - Miquel Domènech and Núria Vallès-Peris 9. Are Ovulation Biosensors Feminist Technologies? - Joann Wilkinson and Celia Roberts Conclusion

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Book SynopsisEngaging imaginatively with the future of money, this book examines the real-life efforts of grassroots movements and activists from across the world who are reclaiming power by designing, organising and implementing complementary currencies. It will be of interest to all who are interested in constructing a more sustainable and just world.

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Book SynopsisEPUB and EPDF available Open Access under CC-BY-NC-ND licence. We tend to hold people responsible for their choices, but not for what they can’t control: their nature, genes or biological makeup. This thought-provoking collection redefines the boundaries of moral responsibility. It shows how epigenetics reveals connections between our genetic make-up and our environment. The essays challenge established notions of human nature and the nature/nurture divide and suggest a shift in focus from individual to collective responsibility. Uncovering the links between our genetic makeup, environment and experiences, this is an important contribution to ongoing debates on ethics, genetics and responsibility.Table of Contents1. Epigenetics, Bioethics and a Developmental Outlook on Life 2. Epigenetics and Forward-Looking Collective Responsibility 3. Luck, Epigenetics and the Worth of Collectives 4. Pictures at an Exhibition: Epigenetics, Harm and the Non-Identity Problem 5. Epigenetics, Parenthood and Responsibility for Children 6. AI and Epigenetic Responsibility 7. Responsibility and the Microbiome

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Book SynopsisScientific and technical expertise, now largely understood as the ultimate source of authoritative knowledge, are vital to how our societies operate. This punchy introduction to thinking about science-society relations draws on research and concepts to argue for the importance of knowing.

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Book SynopsisAvailable Open Access digitally under CC-BY-NC-ND licence.Examining the data processes at the European Spallation Source facility in Sweden, this book sheds light on the often underestimated, yet essential, contributions of those involved in the design and development of data management systems.

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Book SynopsisWhen the utility of masks or vaccinations became politicized during the COVID-19 pandemic and lost its mooring in scientific evidence, an already-developing crisis of expertise was exacerbated. Those who believe in consensus science wondered: “How can ‘those people’ not see the truth?” With a foreword by Harry Collins, this book shows that the crisis is not a "scientific" controversy, but an ideological dispute with "believers" on both sides. If the advocates for consensus science acknowledge the uncertainties involved, rather than insisting on cold, hard facts, it is possible to open a pathway towards interaction and communication, even persuasion, between world views. As the crisis of expertise continues to be a global issue, this will be an invaluable resource for readers concerned about polarized societies and the distrust of consensus science.Table of ContentsForeword - Harry Collins 1. Introduction 2. What caused, and how do we fix, our crisis of expertise? 3. Worldviews as "religious" frameworks 4. The quasi-religious aspect of the crisis of expertise 5. Belief as a form of expertise 6. Communicating across worldviews 7. Conclusion

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Book SynopsisPolitical hackers, like the infamous Anonymous collective, have demonstrated their willingness to use political violence to further their agendas. However, many of their causes – targeting terrorist groups, fighting for LGBTQ+ rights, and protecting people’s freedom of expression, autonomy and privacy – are intuitively good things to fight for. This book will create a new framework that argues that when the state fails to protect people, hackers can intervene and evaluates the hacking based on the political or social circumstances. It highlights the space for hackers to operate as legitimate actors; guides hacker activity by detailing what actions are justified toward what end; outlines mechanisms to aid hackers in reaching ethically justified decisions; and directs the political community on how to react to these political hackers. Applying this framework to the most pivotal hacking operations within the last two decades, including the Arab Spring, police brutality in the USA and the Nigerian and Ugandan governments’ announcements of homophobic legislation, it offers a unique contribution to conceptualising hacking as a contemporary political activity.Table of ContentsIntroduction 1. Hacks, Hackers and Political Hacking 2. An Ethical Framework for Hacking Operations 3. Political Autonomy, the Arab Spring and Anonymous 4. Leaks: From Whistleblowing to Doxxing 5. Correcting the Failure of the State 6. Looking Back, Moving Forward Conclusion

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Book SynopsisPolitical hackers, like the infamous Anonymous collective, have demonstrated their willingness to use political violence to further their agendas. However, many of their causes – targeting terrorist groups, fighting for LGBTQ+ rights, and protecting people’s freedom of expression, autonomy and privacy – are intuitively good things to fight for. This book will create a new framework that argues that when the state fails to protect people, hackers can intervene and evaluates the hacking based on the political or social circumstances. It highlights the space for hackers to operate as legitimate actors; guides hacker activity by detailing what actions are justified toward what end; outlines mechanisms to aid hackers in reaching ethically justified decisions; and directs the political community on how to react to these political hackers. Applying this framework to the most pivotal hacking operations within the last two decades, including the Arab Spring, police brutality in the USA and the Nigerian and Ugandan governments’ announcements of homophobic legislation, it offers a unique contribution to conceptualising hacking as a contemporary political activity.Table of ContentsIntroduction 1. Hacks, Hackers and Political Hacking 2. An Ethical Framework for Hacking Operations 3. Political Autonomy, the Arab Spring and Anonymous 4. Leaks: From Whistleblowing to Doxxing 5. Correcting the Failure of the State 6. Looking Back, Moving Forward Conclusion

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Book SynopsisIn recent years, UN agencies, global tech corporations, states and humanitarian NGOs have invested in advanced technologies from smart borders to digital identities to manage migratory movements. These are surveillance technologies that have intensified the militarization of borders and became a testing ground for surveillance capitalism. This book shows how these technologies reproduce structural inequalities and discriminative policies. Korkmaz reveals the way in which they grant extensive powers to states and big tech corporations to control communities. Unpacking the effects of surveillance capitalism on vulnerable populations, this is a much-needed intervention that will be of interest to readers in a range of fields.Table of ContentsIntroduction: Canaries in the Coal Mine 1. Migration and (Surveillance) Capitalism 2. Migration and (Big) Data Analysis 3. Smart Borders 4. Digital Identity and Surveillance Capitalism Conclusion: How Can We Resist?

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Book SynopsisThis book explores the idea of ownership in the realm of plant breeding, revealing how plants have been legally and physically transformed into property. It highlights the controversial aspects in the process of turning seeds, plants and genes into property and how this endangers the viability of the seed industry.

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Book SynopsisThe threat of social-environmental destruction is a fundamental challenge for those who are interested in creating and maintaining liveable worlds. This volume will bring together international scholars in science and technology studies, environmental studies, ecological humanities, art and design, geography and other social sciences to explore practices of repairing damaged and precarious ecologies through various societal, environmental and material involvements across different locations and geographies. Contributions will offer novel theoretical perspectives and empirical insights on the reparative and insurgent capacity of mending ecologies to craft relations of care and sustenance of human and nonhuman communities. The volume will be divided into several sections that are organized around a series of concepts that denote countervailing forces, processes and movements of damaging and repairing. Each section will consist of two or three contributions that offer experimental explorations of what ecological reparation means, and each section will begin with a short note that briefly describes the key concepts and issues that will be explored within.Table of ContentsIntroduction: No justice, no ecological peace: The groundings of ecological reparation (Dimitris Papadopoulos, Maria Puig de la Bellacasa, Maddalena Tacchetti) Acknowledgements PART I Depletion: Resurgence 1. Experiments in situ: Soil repair practices as part of place-based action for change in El Salvador (Naomi Millner) 2. Hesitant: three theses on ecological reparation (otherwise) (Manuel Tironi) 3. The False Bay Coast of Cape Town: A Critical Zone (Lesley Green and Vanessa Farr) PART II Deskilling: Experimenting 4. Reflections on a mending ecology through pastures for life (Claire Waterton) 5. Fab Cities as Infrastructures for Ecological Reparation: Maker Activism, Vernacular Skills, and Prototypes for Self-Grounding Collective Life (Atsuro Morita and Kazutoshi Tsuda) 6. The Cosmoecological Workshop: Or, How to Philosophise with a Hammer (Martin Savransky) PART III Contaminating: Cohabiting 7. Multispecies mending from micro to macro: Biome restoration, carbon recycling, and ecologies of participation (Eleanor Hadley Kershaw) 8. Involvement as an ethics for more than human interdependencies (Nerea Calvillo) 9. From Museum to MOB (Timothy Choy) PART IV Enclosing: Reclaiming Land 10. Land in Our Names: Building an Anti-Racist Food Movement (Sam Siva) 11. Land reparations and ecological justice – an Interview with Sam Siva (Maria Puig de la Bellacasa and Dimitris Papadopoulos) 12. Waste, improvement and repair on Ireland's Peat Bogs (Patrick Bresnihan and Patrick Brodie) 13. New Peasantries in Italy: Eco-commons, Agroecology and Food Communities (Andrea Ghelfi) 14. “Obedecer a la Vida”: Environmental Citizenship Otherwise? (Juan Camilo Cajigas) PART V Loss: Recollecting 15. Travelling Memories: Repairing the past and imagining the future in medium-secure forensic psychiatric care (Steven D. Brown, Paula Reavey, Donna Ciarlo and Abisola Balogun-Katung) 16. Conversations on benches (Leila Dawney and Linda Brothwell) 17. Curating reparation and recrafting solidarity in post-accord Colombia (Fredy Mora-Gámez) PART VI Representing: Self-governing 18. Commons-based mending ecologies (Doina Petrescu and Constantin Petcou) 19. Ri-Maflow: des-pair, resistance and re-pair in an urban industrial ecology (Marco Checchi) 20. Chilean streets: An archive against the grain of History (Cristobal Bonelli and Marisol de la Cadena) PART VII Isolating: Embodying 21. (Un)crafting ecologies: actions involving special skills at (un)making things humans with your hands (Eliana Sánchez-Aldana) 22. Cultivating Attention to Fragility: The Sensible Encounters of Maintenance (Jérôme Denis and David Pontille) 23. Technological black boxing versus ecological reparation: From encased-industrial to open-renewable wind energy (Aristotle Tympas) PART VIII Growth: Flourishing 24. Algorithmic Food Justice (Lara Houston, Sara Heitlinger, Ruth Catlow and Alex Taylor) 25. Being affected by páramo: Maps, landscape drawings, and a risky science (Alejandra Osejo and Santiago Martínez Medina) 26. Ordinary Hope (Steven J. Jackson)

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Book SynopsisThe threat of social-environmental destruction is a fundamental challenge for those who are interested in creating and maintaining liveable worlds. This volume will bring together international scholars in science and technology studies, environmental studies, ecological humanities, art and design, geography and other social sciences to explore practices of repairing damaged and precarious ecologies through various societal, environmental and material involvements across different locations and geographies. Contributions will offer novel theoretical perspectives and empirical insights on the reparative and insurgent capacity of mending ecologies to craft relations of care and sustenance of human and nonhuman communities. The volume will be divided into several sections that are organized around a series of concepts that denote countervailing forces, processes and movements of damaging and repairing. Each section will consist of two or three contributions that offer experimental explorations of what ecological reparation means, and each section will begin with a short note that briefly describes the key concepts and issues that will be explored within.Table of ContentsIntroduction: No justice, no ecological peace: The groundings of ecological reparation (Dimitris Papadopoulos, Maria Puig de la Bellacasa, Maddalena Tacchetti) Acknowledgements PART I Depletion: Resurgence 1. Experiments in situ: Soil repair practices as part of place-based action for change in El Salvador (Naomi Millner) 2. Hesitant: three theses on ecological reparation (otherwise) (Manuel Tironi) 3. The False Bay Coast of Cape Town: A Critical Zone (Lesley Green and Vanessa Farr) PART II Deskilling: Experimenting 4. Reflections on a mending ecology through pastures for life (Claire Waterton) 5. Fab Cities as Infrastructures for Ecological Reparation: Maker Activism, Vernacular Skills, and Prototypes for Self-Grounding Collective Life (Atsuro Morita and Kazutoshi Tsuda) 6. The Cosmoecological Workshop: Or, How to Philosophise with a Hammer (Martin Savransky) PART III Contaminating: Cohabiting 7. Multispecies mending from micro to macro: Biome restoration, carbon recycling, and ecologies of participation (Eleanor Hadley Kershaw) 8. Involvement as an ethics for more than human interdependencies (Nerea Calvillo) 9. From Museum to MOB (Timothy Choy) PART IV Enclosing: Reclaiming Land 10. Land in Our Names: Building an Anti-Racist Food Movement (Sam Siva) 11. Land reparations and ecological justice – an Interview with Sam Siva (Maria Puig de la Bellacasa and Dimitris Papadopoulos) 12. Waste, improvement and repair on Ireland's Peat Bogs (Patrick Bresnihan and Patrick Brodie) 13. New Peasantries in Italy: Eco-commons, Agroecology and Food Communities (Andrea Ghelfi) 14. “Obedecer a la Vida”: Environmental Citizenship Otherwise? (Juan Camilo Cajigas) PART V Loss: Recollecting 15. Travelling Memories: Repairing the past and imagining the future in medium-secure forensic psychiatric care (Steven D. Brown, Paula Reavey, Donna Ciarlo and Abisola Balogun-Katung) 16. Conversations on benches (Leila Dawney and Linda Brothwell) 17. Curating reparation and recrafting solidarity in post-accord Colombia (Fredy Mora-Gámez) PART VI Representing: Self-governing 18. Commons-based mending ecologies (Doina Petrescu and Constantin Petcou) 19. Ri-Maflow: des-pair, resistance and re-pair in an urban industrial ecology (Marco Checchi) 20. Chilean streets: An archive against the grain of History (Cristobal Bonelli and Marisol de la Cadena) PART VII Isolating: Embodying 21. (Un)crafting ecologies: actions involving special skills at (un)making things humans with your hands (Eliana Sánchez-Aldana) 22. Cultivating Attention to Fragility: The Sensible Encounters of Maintenance (Jérôme Denis and David Pontille) 23. Technological black boxing versus ecological reparation: From encased-industrial to open-renewable wind energy (Aristotle Tympas) PART VIII Growth: Flourishing 24. Algorithmic Food Justice (Lara Houston, Sara Heitlinger, Ruth Catlow and Alex Taylor) 25. Being affected by páramo: Maps, landscape drawings, and a risky science (Alejandra Osejo and Santiago Martínez Medina) 26. Ordinary Hope (Steven J. Jackson)

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Book SynopsisDeepfake technology can create video evidence of just about anything: Hollywood superstar Margot Robbie in an orgy.Chinese president Xi Jinping declaring nuclear war.Basketball legend Michael Jordan winning the World Cup. The only limit is the imagination. In a time where fake news and disinformation is becoming harder and harder to identify, it is more essential than ever to understand the dark origins of deepfakes. Journalist Michael Grothaus goes down the rabbit hole as he interviews the often morally dubious, yet incredibly skilled creators of this content. It's a journey that opens a window into the communities transforming reality. Challenging, enlightening and terrifying, Trust No One asks the question other people are too scared to: what happens when you can no longer believe your own eyes?'An alarming look at deepfakes' Sunday Times'Michael Grothaus takes a hard look at the growth of deep fakes, examining cases that demonstrate the threats presented by morally dubious creators. From the personal to political, the impact of deep fakes is considered carefully by Grothaus, both on the victims and on society as a whole, creating an essential picture of a growing trend in disinformation' Eliot Higgins, founder of BellingcatTrade ReviewA clear, readable rundown of how deepfakes are changing our world * The Sunday Times *The page-turner of a book stresses that deepfakes are a ticking timebomb and that we, the public, need to educate ourselves before we herald in a zero-trust society where seeing is no longer believing... If you're looking for a greater understanding of the wild world of deepfakes, how they are created, their benefits and harms as well as their stomach-churning implications; Trust No One is a great place to start. * Reaction *Michael Grothaus takes a hard look at the growth of deep fakes, examining cases that demonstrate the threats presented by morally dubious creators. From the personal to political, the impact of deep fakes is considered carefully by Grothaus, both on the victims and on society as a whole, creating an essential picture of a growing trend in disinformation. -- Eliot Higgins, founder of BellincatThought-provoking . . . he interviews some shady characters and raises interesting questions * Mail On Sunday *An alarming look at deepfakes. * The Sunday Times *Our relationship with visual representations of ourselves always runs along this axis of narcissism and dread: at once promising a defeat of death, but by arousing that desire only to disappoint it, crushingly reinforcing its inevitability. Our fascination with deepfakes strikes me as the latest iteration of this emotional rollercoaster, and it's one Grothaus captures very well. -- Peter Pomerantsev * The Guardian *

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Book SynopsisDeepfake technology can create video evidence of just about anything: Hollywood superstar Margot Robbie in an orgy.Chinese president Xi Jinping declaring nuclear war.Basketball legend Michael Jordan winning the World Cup. The only limit is the imagination. In a time where fake news and disinformation is becoming harder and harder to identify, it is more essential than ever to understand the dark origins of deepfakes. Journalist Michael Grothaus goes down the rabbit hole as he interviews the often morally dubious, yet incredibly skilled creators of this content. It's a journey that opens a window into the communities transforming reality. Challenging, enlightening and terrifying, Trust No One asks the question other people are too scared to: what happens when you can no longer believe your own eyes?'An alarming look at deepfakes' Sunday Times'Michael Grothaus takes a hard look at the growth of deep fakes, examining cases that demonstrate the threats presented by morally dubious creators. From the personal to political, the impact of deep fakes is considered carefully by Grothaus, both on the victims and on society as a whole, creating an essential picture of a growing trend in disinformation' Eliot Higgins, founder of BellingcatTrade ReviewA clear, readable rundown of how deepfakes are changing our world * The Sunday Times *The page-turner of a book stresses that deepfakes are a ticking timebomb and that we, the public, need to educate ourselves before we herald in a zero-trust society where seeing is no longer believing... If you're looking for a greater understanding of the wild world of deepfakes, how they are created, their benefits and harms as well as their stomach-churning implications; Trust No One is a great place to start. * Reaction *Michael Grothaus takes a hard look at the growth of deep fakes, examining cases that demonstrate the threats presented by morally dubious creators. From the personal to political, the impact of deep fakes is considered carefully by Grothaus, both on the victims and on society as a whole, creating an essential picture of a growing trend in disinformation. -- Eliot Higgins, founder of BellincatThought-provoking . . . he interviews some shady characters and raises interesting questions * Mail On Sunday *An alarming look at deepfakes. * The Sunday Times *Our relationship with visual representations of ourselves always runs along this axis of narcissism and dread: at once promising a defeat of death, but by arousing that desire only to disappoint it, crushingly reinforcing its inevitability. Our fascination with deepfakes strikes me as the latest iteration of this emotional rollercoaster, and it's one Grothaus captures very well. -- Peter Pomerantsev * The Guardian *

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Book SynopsisThere is, in general, no doubt regarding the ethical and human behaviour aspects of the research work of any type. The researchers are thought of working for society and are low paid. However, in the practice of science and technology, they should work, first of all, for system designers who need their support in designing, developing and implementing the systems under investigation. Unfortunately, this is not a popular case in the area of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), where the support of the system and network researchers for the system and network designers, developers and operators is very limited. Considering that, the team of authors of the book (the team) decided to present the design experiences gained during designing, implementing and operating some line of the computer systems and networks in Poland (the country). The country was selected purposefully: Due to the political reasons, various embargos were imposed on the importation of modern equipment and methods of the computer industry, and the team needed very severely good support from the researchers to fulfil the design and development tasks successfully. However, in the ICT domain, which is a relatively new study and, thus, needing the significant support of science in every country, this support was a minute one in practice. In well developed countries, possessing a surplus of hardware and software components, the need for the support was also observed but could be bypassed through using a surplus of supplies or by learning from the design errors. This bypass was much less available in the country in severe economic conditions and the political conditions of the so-called Cold War. The objective of this book is to present the line of the ICT systems and networks under design and operation from the late 1960s and finishing when this book was written, and to present the requirements for the system and the basic support available from this science. The research aspects under consideration were, first of all, the performance evaluation and, for the systems of the 21st century, the robustness evaluation, with the system designers, implementers and operators being the ideal audience.Table of ContentsPreface; Ethics and Human Behaviour (HB); The Approach to Ethics and Human Behaviour Assessment; A Line of ICT Systems and Networks Designed and Developed in Wroclaw, Poland; The Line of the Emerging ICT Systems under Performance Investigation; Robust Design of Computer Control Systems; Case Studies of Ethics and Human Behaviour under Investigation: The Line of the ICT Systems and Networks; Conclusions; About the Authors; Index.

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Book SynopsisThis critical text is a timely ethnography of how global powers, local resistance, and capital flows are shaping contemporary African foodways. Ghana was one of the first countries targeted by a group of US donors and agribusiness corporations that funded an ambitious plan to develop genetically modified (GM) crops for African farmers. The collective believed that GM crops would help farmers increase their yields and help spark a “new” Green Revolution on the continent. Soon after the project began in Ghana, a nationwide food sovereignty movement emerged in opposition to GM crops. Today, in spite of impressive efforts and investments by proponents, only two GM crops remain in the pipeline. Why, after years of preparation, millions of dollars of funding, and multiple policy reforms, did these megaprojects effectively come to a halt? One of the first ethnographies to take on the question of GM crops in the African context, We Are Not Starving: The Struggle for Food Sovereignty in Ghana blends archival analysis, interviews, and participant observation with Ghanaian scientists, farmers, activists, and officials. Ultimately the text aims to illuminate why GM crops have animated the country and to highlight how their introduction has opened an opportunity to air grievances about the systematic de-valuing and exploitation of African land, labor, and knowledge that have been centuries in the making.Trade Review“In this well researched, yet very approachable text, Joeva Sean Rock sheds light on the controversies surrounding the introduction of GMO crops in Ghana and the vital role that civil society and the food sovereignty movement are playing in raising critical questions about this corporate and donordriven agenda."—William G. Moseley, steering committee member of the High Level Panel of Experts on Food Security and Nutrition

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Book SynopsisHow a journey of self-discovery unearthed the scandalous evolution of artificial insemination. By his forties, Peter J. Boni was an accomplished CEO, with a specialty in navigating high-tech companies out of hot water. Just before his fiftieth birthday, Peter’s seventy-five-year-old mother unveiled a bombshell: His deceased father was not biological. Peter was conceived in 1945 via an anonymous sperm donor. The emotional upheaval upon learning that he was “misattributed” rekindled traumas long past and fueled his relentless research to find his genealogy. Over two decades, he gained an encyclopedic knowledge of the scientific, legal, and sociological history of reproductive technology as well as its practices, advances, and consequences. Through twenty-first century DNA analysis, Peter finally quenched his thirst for his origin. In Uprooted, Peter J. Boni intimately shares his personal odyssey and acquired expertise to spotlight the free market methods of gamete distribution that conceives dozens, sometimes hundreds, of unknowing half-siblings from a single donor. This thought-provoking book reveals the inner workings—and secrets—of the multibillion-dollar fertility industry, resulting in a richly detailed account of an ethical aspect of reproductive science that, until now, has not been so thoroughly explored.

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Book SynopsisRachel Carson Environment Book Award, First Place (2018) IPPY Outstanding Book of the Year: Most Likely to Save the Planet (2018) Thorpe Menn Literary Excellence Award (2018) "Reads like a mystery novel as Gillam skillfully uncovers Monsanto's secretive strategies." --Erin Brockovich "A damning picture...Gillam expertly covers a contentious front." --Publishers Weekly "A must-read." --Booklist "Hard-hitting, eye-opening narrative." --Kirkus It's the pesticide on our dinner plates, a chemical so pervasive it's in the air we breathe, our water, our soil, and even found increasingly in our own bodies. Known as Monsanto's Roundup by consumers, and as glyphosate by scientists, the world's most popular weed killer is used everywhere from backyard gardens to golf courses to millions of acres of farmland. For decades it's been touted as safe enough to drink, but a growing body of evidence indicates just the opposite, with research tying the chemical to cancers and a host of other health threats. In Whitewash, veteran journalist Carey Gillam uncovers one of the most controversial stories in the history of food and agriculture, exposing new evidence of corporate influence. Gillam introduces readers to farm families devastated by cancers which they believe are caused by the chemical, and to scientists whose reputations have been smeared for publishing research that contradicted business interests. Readers learn about the arm twisting of regulators who signed off on the chemical, echoing company assurances of safety even as they permitted higher residues of the pesticide in food and skipped compliance tests. And, in startling detail, Gillam reveals secret industry communications that pull back the curtain on corporate efforts to manipulate public perception. Whitewash is more than an expos about the hazards of one chemical or even the influence of one company. It's a story of power, politics, and the deadly consequences of putting corporate interests ahead of public safety.

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Book SynopsisImagine eating a burger grown in a laboratory, a strawberry picked by a robot, or a pastry created with a 3-D printer. You would never taste the difference, but these technologies might just save your health and the planet’s. Today, landmark advances in computing, engineering, and medicine are driving solutions to the biggest problems created by industrialized food. Tech to Table introduces readers to twenty-five of the most creative entrepreneurs advancing these solutions. They come from various places and professions, identities and backgrounds. But they share an outsider’s perspective and an idealistic, sometimes aggressive, ambition to rethink the food system. Reinvention is desperately needed. Under Big Ag, pollution, climate change, animal cruelty, hunger, and obesity have festered, and despite decades of effort, organic farming accounts for less than one percent of US croplands. Entrepreneurs represent a new path, one where disruptive technology helps people and the environment. These innovations include supplements to lower the methane in cattle belches, drones that monitor irrigation levels in crops, urban warehouses that grow produce year-round, and more. The pace and breadth of change is astonishing, as investors pump billions of dollars into ag-innovation. Startups are attracting capital and building markets, with the potential to upend conventional agribusiness’s stranglehold on the food system. Not every invention will prosper long-term, but each marks a fundamental change in our approach to feeding a growing population—sustainably. A revolution in how we grow and eat food is brewing. Munson’s deftly crafted profiles offer a fascinating preview of the coming future of food.Table of ContentsIntroduction. The Rise of Disruptors Part 1. Deliver Proteins Chapter 1. Josh Tetrick, JUST—Rethinking the Chicken and the Egg Chapter 2. Uma Valeti, Memphis Meats—Avoiding Animal Slaughter Chapter 3. Patrick Brown, Impossible Foods—Making Burgers from Plants Chapter 4. James Corwell, Ocean Hugger Foods—Turning Tomatoes into Tuna Chapter 5. Virginia Emery, Beta Hatch—Farming Insects Chapter 6. Leonard Lerer, Back of the Yards Algae Sciences—Growing Algae and Mycelia Part 2. Reduce Food Waste Chapter 7. Irving Fain, Bowery Farming—Bringing Crops Closer to Consumers Chapter 8. James Rogers and Jenny Du, Apeel Sciences—Coating Foods Chapter 9. Bob Pitzer, Harvest CROO—Picking Strawberries Robotically Chapter 10. Raja Ramachandran, ripe.io—Tracking Food with Blockchain Chapter 11. Lynette Kucma and Emilio Sepulveda, Foodini—Printing 3D Meals Chapter 12. Daphna Nissenbaum, Tipa—Cutting Plastic Packaging Part 3. Curtail Poisons Chapter 13. Sebastian Boyer and Thomas Palomares, FarmWise—Plucking Weeds Robotically Chapter 14. Jorge Heraud and Lee Redden, Blue River Technology—Spraying Precisely Chapter 15. Irina Borodina, BioPhero—Messing with Pest Sex Part 4. Nourish Plants Chapter 16. Diane Wu and Poornima Paramswaran, Trace Genomics—Mapping Soils Chapter 17. Eric Taipale, Sentera—Analyzing Fields from Above Chapter 18. David Perry, Indigo Ag—Providing Probiotics to the Soil Chapter 19. Karsten Temme and Alvin Tamsir, Pivot Bio—Feeding Nitrogen to Crop Roots Chapter 20. Tony Alvarez, WaterBit—Watering Precisely Part 5. Cut Carbon Chapter 21. Rachel Haurwitz, Caribou Biosciences, and Federico Tripodi, Calyxt—Editing Genes Chapter 22. Lee DeHaan, Land Institute—Planting Perennials Chapter 23. Joshua Goldman, Australis Aquaculture—Blocking Burps Chapter 24. Julia Collins, Planet FWD—Creating a Climate-Friendly Food Platform Chapter 25. Stafford Sheehan and Gregory Constantine, Air Co.—Cutting Carbon with Vodka Conclusion. The Role of Innovation Acknowledgments Notes About the Author Index

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Book SynopsisIt's humanity's make-or-break-century.In breathtakingly original prose, Elise Bohan argues that we're hurtling towards a superhuman future — or, if we blunder, extinction. The only way out of our existential crises, from global warming to the risks posed by nuclear weapons, novel and bioengineered pathogens and unaligned AI, is up. We'll need more technology to safeguard our future — and we're going to invent (and perhaps even merge with) some of that technology.What does that mean for our 20th century life-scripts? Are the robots coming for our jobs? How will human relationships change when AI knows us inside out? Will we still be having human babies by the century's end? Bohan unflinchingly explores possibilities most of us are afraid to imagine: the impacts of automation on our jobs, livelihoods and dating and mating careers, the stretching out of 'the-circle-of-life' as life-extension technologies mature, the rise of AI friends and lovers, the liberation of women from pregnancy, childbirth and breastfeeding, and the impending global baby-bust – and attendant proliferation of digital minds.Strap in for an exhilarating, and starkly honest, take on the promise and peril of life in the 21st century.

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Book SynopsisThe rampant use of genetically modified food incites public debate among activists, ethicists, scientists, regulators and industry representatives. But why is it so controversial? This timely and balanced book explores the many myths and arguments surrounding this extremely topical issue.

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Book Synopsis*THE SUNDAY TIMES NUMBER ONE BESTSELLER**OVER HALF A MILLION COPIES SOLD*Discover the shocking gender bias that affects our everyday lives.'HELL YES. This is one of those books that has the potential to change things - a monumental piece of research' Caitlin MoranImagine a world where...· Your phone is too big for your hand· Your doctor prescribes a drug that is wrong for your body· In a car accident you are 47% more likely to be injured.If any of that sounds familiar, chances are you're a woman.From government policy and medical research, to technology, workplaces, and the media. Invisible Women reveals how in a world built for and by men we are systematically ignoring half of the population, often with disastrous consequences. Caroline Criado Perez brings together for the first time an impressive range of case studies, stories and new research from across the world that illustrate the hidden ways in which women are forgotten, and the profound impact this has on us all.Find out more in Caroline's new podcast, Visible Women.'A book that changes the way you see the world' Sunday Times'Revelatory, frightening, hopeful' Jeanette WintersonTrade ReviewRevelatory – it should be required reading for policy and decision makers everywhere -- Nicola SturgeonHELL YES. This is one of those books that has the potential to change things – a monumental piece of research -- Caitlin MoranRevelatory, frightening, hopeful. A secular Bible -- Jeanette WintersonThis book is a devastating indictment of institutionalised complacency and a rallying cry to fight back… Invisible Women should propel women into action. It should also be compulsory reading for men -- Christina Patterson * Sunday Times *Invisible Women takes on the neglected topic of what we don't know - and why. The result is a powerful, important and eye-opening analysis of the gender politics of knowledge and ignorance. With examples from technology to natural disasters, this is an original and timely reminder of why we need women in the leadership of the institutions that shape every aspect of our lives. -- Cordelia Fine

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Book SynopsisThis Handbook constitutes a global resource for the fast-growing interdisciplinary research and policy communities that have taken on the challenge of driving innovation towards socially desirable outcomes. The collection brings together well-known authors from the USA, Europe, Asia and South Africa, developing conceptual and regional perspectives on responsible innovation including issues of governance, economics and ethics. The authors explore the prospects for the further implementation of responsible innovation in emerging technological practices in sectors from agriculture and health-care to nanotechnology, robotics and artificial intelligence. The collection emphasises the socio-economic and normative dimensions of innovation, including issues of social risk and sustainability.Trade Review'After 75 years of unprecedentedly promiscuous commitment to untethered scientific and technological advance by the state and industry alike, humanity stands on the threshold of advances in human germline engineering, geoengineering of the Earth's climate, quantum computing, and applications of artificial intelligence that will accelerate our technological capabilities well beyond any capacity to steer them toward greater human benefit and away from greater harm. Racing against this momentum and the trillions of dollars that support it have been a relatively small international community of visionary scholars and practitioners who cumulatively have developed the principles, concepts and tools for assuring the wise and socially accountable governance of technology: responsible innovation. These ideas are neither radical nor utopian; indeed, they are practicable and increasingly well-tested. The International Handbook on Responsible Innovation is thus a guidebook for a shift in stance toward collective accountability for the products and consequences of our own ingenuity.' --Daniel Sarewitz, Arizona State University, US'Beyond its breadth and depth, what is most striking about this volume is how well it navigates between the theoretical and practical dimensions of responsible research and innovation (RRI). The volume thus mirrors RRI's development as simultaneously a subject of ongoing research and a matter of active policymaking, both focused on the governance of science and technology. How should policymakers address the dual demand that the pace of innovation increase to enhance societal benefits, while also advancing deliberately to avoid harming society? This volume provides the latest answers from top RRI researchers and policymakers from around the world. Ranging over the history and theory of RRI, addressing ethics and RRI, detailing the economics underlying RRI, outlining current RRI policies, and looking to the future of RRI, this work will become a classic reference point in the field.' --J. Britt Holbrook, New Jersey Institute of Technology, US'Already impressive in terms of its thematic scope, the diversity of approaches and its global aspiration, this landmark volume is, above all, testament to the coming of age of responsible innovation (RI) as a concept of practical relevance. It contains, amongst other things, illuminating discussions of the notion of responsibility, thought-provoking essays on key questions in RI, and insightful analyses of RI practices in a wide variety of contexts. The messages in bottles, released by the likes of Hans Jonas, John Ziman and the pioneers of the RI community, have obviously been found by many, and probably by many more than the pioneers themselves would have expected. Taken together, the contributions to this collection not only provide a perfect overview on the theory and practices of RI. They also show why RI is not a specialist or merely academic topic but relevant to anyone who cares about the future of our global society.' --Christopher Coenen, Institute for Technology Assessment and Systems Analysis (ITAS), GermanyTable of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction to the International Handbook on Responsible Innovation René von Schomberg and Jonathan Hankins 2. Why Responsible Innovation? René von Schomberg Part I CONCEPTS UNDERPINNING RESPONSIBLE INNOVATION Responsibility and Ethics 3. Responsible Innovation: Process and Politics Richard Owen and Mario Pansera 4. Choosing Freedom: Ethical Governance for Responsible Research and Innovation Robert Gianni 5. Towards an Ethics-of-Ethics for Responsible Innovation Vural Özdemir 6. Working Responsibly Across Boundaries? Some Practical and Theoretical Lessons Kjetil Rommetveit, Niels van Dijk, Kristrún Gunnarsdóttir, Kate O’Riordan, Serge Gutwirth, Roger Strand and Brian Wynne Governance 7. Understanding the Movement(s) for Responsible Innovation Miles Brundage and David H. Guston 8. Is Innovation Always Good for You? New Policy Challenges for Research and Innovation Luc Soete 9. First Steps in Understanding the Economic Principles of Responsible Research and Innovation Miklós Lukovics, Benedek Nagy and Norbert Buzás 10. Responsible Research and Innovation in the Broader Innovation System. Reflections on Responsibility in Standardization, Assessment and Patenting Practices. Ellen-Marie Forsberg 11. Dynamics of Responsible Innovation Constitution in European Union Research Policy: Tensions, Possibilities and Constraints. Hannot Rodríguez, Andoni Eizagirre and Andoni Ibarra 12. The Ties that Bind: Collective Experimentation and Participatory Design as Paradigms for Responsible Innovation Alfred Nordmann 13. Engaging the micro-foundations of responsible innovation: integration of social sciences and humanities with research and innovation practices Erik Fisher 14. Responsible Innovation and Technology Assessment in Europe- Barriers and Opportunities for Establishing Structures and Principles of Democratic Science and Technology Policy Leonard Hennen and Linda Nierling Responsible Innovation in Organisations 15. To what Extent Should the Perspective of Responsible Innovation Irrigate the Organization as a Whole? Xavier Pavie 16. From Participation to interruption: Toward an Ethics of Stakeholder Engagement, Participation and Partnership in Corporate Social Responsibility and Responsible Innovation Vincent Blok Part II RESPONSIBLE INNOVATION: BECOMING RESPONSIVE TO THE GLOBAL SOCIETAL CHALLENGES 17. Shared Space and Slow Science in Geoengineering Research Jack Stilgoe 18. Responsible Innovation and Healthy Ageing Ellen H.M. Moors 19. Responsible Innovation and Agricultural Sustainability: Lessons from Genetically Modified Crops Phil Macnaghten 20. Responsible Inclusive Innovation - Tackling Grand Challenges Globally Doris Schroeder and David Kaplan Part III EMBEDDING RESPONSIBLE INNOVATION IN EMERGING TECHNOLOGICAL PRACTICES 21. Embedding Responsible Innovation in Emerging Technological Practices Armin Grunwald 22. From Technology Assessment to Responsible Research and Innovation in Synthetic Biology Dirk Stemerding 23. Responsible Innovation and Public Engagement: What we can Learn from the Case of Nanotechnology Richard A.L. Jones 24. Responsible Innovation in ICT: Challenges for Industry Bernd Carsten Stahl, Elisabetta Borsella, Andrea Porcari and Elvio Mantovani 25. Ethics Management and Responsible Research and Innovation in the Human Brain Project Stephen Rainey, Bernd Stahl, Mark Shaw and Michael Reinsborough 26. Grass-roots Case Studies in ‘Poiesis Intensive’ Responsible Innovation (PIRI) Jonathan Hankins 27. Robotics and Responsible Research and Innovation Pericle Salvini, Erica Palmerini, and Bert-Jaap Koops Part IV REGIONAL PRACTICES 28. Chinese Perspectives on Responsible Innovation Zhao, Yandong and Liao Miao 29. Responsible Innovation: Constructing a Seaport in China Qian Wang and Ping Yan 30. Indian Perspectives on Responsible Innovation and Frugal Innovation Krishna Ravi Srinivas and Poonam Pandey 31. South-East European Perspectives Norbert Buzás and Miklós Lukovics 32. Responsible Innovation in a Culture of Entrepreneurship - a US Perspective Andrew D. Maynard and Elizabeth Garbee 33. Public Engagement as a Potential Responsible Research and Innovation Tool for Ensuring Inclusive Governance of Biotechnology Innovation in Low and Middle Income Countries Pamela Andanda Part V INTERVIEWS 34. Interview with Piero Bassetti, President of Fondazione Giannino Bassetti Sally Randles 35. Interview with Robert Madelin, Ex -Director General and Advisor on Innovation (European Commission) Jan Staman and René von Schomberg 36. Interview with Rob van Leen, Chief Innovation Officer, Head of DSM Innovation Center and Member of the Executive Committee of DSM Jan Staman Index

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Book SynopsisThe major innovations which have occurred between the end of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st century represent a fresh challenge to the responsibility of innovators. Innovators have disrupted, and continue to disrupt the world through the growth of technology, DNA sequencing, genetic engineering, the management of large databases, different forms of intrusion into our private lives, etc. It is up to them take full responsibility for their actions, and question what they are accomplishing, why they are accomplishing it, to what end and with what means. Such questionings are those found in a practice conducted by Ancient philosophers: spiritual exercises. These were internal or external discourses, enabling individuals to act, think, to know how to behave and how to master oneself. It is surely toward these practices innovators of today should turn in order to innovate with wisdom.Table of ContentsForeword vii Acknowledgements xiii Introduction xv Chapter 1. The Need to (Re)think Innovation 1 1.1. The innovation context: how far to innovate? 1 1.2. The innovation discipline 3 1.2.1. From reality to usurpation: the three stages of innovation 3 1.2.2. The three evolutionary stages of innovation 6 1.3. Attempting to expose innovation, the importance of philosophy 16 1.3.1. An objectification of innovation 16 1.3.2. Reducing innovation 18 1.3.3. The future of innovation through its reversal 18 1.4. Philosophy as therapy 22 1.4.1. Modesty in the use of philosophy 22 1.4.2. Healing through philosophy 24 1.4.3. Innovator and philosopher, two sides of the same coin for a new way of being 25 1.5. Towards a thoughtful innovator 27 Chapter 2. The Non-standard Philosophy for Thinking Innovation 29 2.1. Questioning philosophy 29 2.2. What is non-standard philosophy? 30 2.2.1. Non-philosophy 31 2.3. Using non-standard philosophy as a tool to (re)think innovation 34 2.3.1. Innovation in-Real 35 2.3.2. The principle of sufficient innovation 40 2.3.3. Innovation and ego 43 2.4. (Re)thinking innovation, a non-standard innovation? 44 2.4.1. The foundations of non-standard innovation 46 2.4.2. Non-standard innovation practice 50 2.5. “Invent philosophy!”, let’s invent innovation 55 Chapter 3. A Phenomenology of Innovation 59 3.1. Passing through phenomenology 59 3.2. What is phenomenology? 60 3.2.1. Phenomenology and innovation? 62 3.3. Husserlian phenomenology to think innovation? 63 3.3.1. Return to the things themselves 64 3.3.2. Transcendental intentionality 68 3.3.3. The reduction method and the transcendental epoché 71 3.3.4. The emergence of essence 79 3.3.5. Retention 82 3.3.6. The ego as the foundation of the world 84 3.3.7. The phenomenological approach to testing senses 88 3.4. Phenomenology as praxis 90 3.4.1. The practice of phenomenology 92 3.4.2. Towards a practical phenomenology for the innovator 96 3.5. Being aware of innovations 99 Chapter 4. Spiritual Exercises to (Re)think the Innovator 101 4.1. The need for spiritual exercises 101 4.1.1. Spiritual exercises, from ancient philosophy 102 4.1.2. The importance of self-care 108 4.1.3. Knowing how to prepare 113 4.1.4. The conversion obligation 117 4.2. Urgency of the spiritual exercises 123 4.2.1. Spiritual exercises for the contemporary world 123 4.2.2. The need for a master 132 4.3. The spiritual innovator of the 21st Century 137 Conclusion 139 References 155 Index of Names 165 Index of Notions 167

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Book SynopsisThe technical progress illustrated by the development of Artificial Intelligence (AI), Big Data technologies, the Internet of Things (IoT), online platforms, NBICs, autonomous expert systems, and the Blockchain let appear the possibility of a new world and the emergence of a fourth industrial revolution centered around digital data. Therefore, the advent of digital and its omnipresence in our modern society create a growing need to lay ethical benchmarks against this new religion of data, the "dataisme".Table of ContentsForeword viiLina WILLIATTE Acknowledgments ix Introduction xi Chapter 1. Ethics at the Service of Digital Technology 1 1.1. Towards a new paradigm of the digital society 2 1.2. Questions regarding the algorithmic universe 8 1.3. Ethics as a digital compass 19 1.4. Ethical challenges and risks regarding algorithmic processing 27 1.5. The environmental parameters of digital technology 37 1.6. What is the place of mankind in this digital society? 43 Chapter 2. The Code is Ethics and Ethics is the Code 55 2.1. Nature, the creator of codes, programming and algorithms 56 2.2. Algorithmic Darwinism 62 2.3. The evolutionary digital world 64 2.4. Environmental ethics 67 2.5. Algorithmic ethics 72 2.5.1. The symbiotic bridge between algorithms and ethics 75 2.5.2. Trust at the heart of a new ethics 79 2.5.3. The “blockchainization” of ethics 87 2.6. The codification of ethics via a process of networks of neurons 90 2.7. The complexity around an ethical AI 98 2.8. The Neo-Platonist ethical systemic platform (Ψ, G, Φ) 104 2.9. The systemic analysis approach centered on the individual in a digital ecosystem 112 2.10. Toward quantum ethics? 118 Chapter 3. The Framework for Algorithmic Processing 121 3.1. Characteristics of NICT essential for their use 122 3.1.1. Adaptability 125 3.1.2. Availability 125 3.1.3. Robustness 125 3.1.4. Auditability 127 3.1.5. IT integration 128 3.1.6. Consolidation 128 3.1.7. Diffusion 129 3.1.8. Co-ordination 129 3.1.9. Interoperability 129 3.2. Scenarios for the digital economy. 131 3.2.1. Scenario 1: the generalization and commercialization of algorithms combined with Platform as a Service (PaaS) tools 134 3.2.2. Scenario 2: organization into silos independent of data producers and algorithmic processing specialists 134 3.2.3. Scenario 3: domination of AI leaders via proprietary algorithms with unparalleled performances 135 3.3. An algorithm’s ethical rules 137 3.4. Ethical evaluation of algorithmic processing 142 3.4.1. Evaluation of data and practices 144 3.4.2. Evaluating the algorithm and its practices 146 3.5. The framework surrounding algorithmic systems 149 3.5.1. Digital governance 150 3.5.2. Digital regulation 155 3.5.3. Digital confidence 160 3.5.4. Algorithmic responsibility 164 3.6. Ethical management and direction framing algorithmic systems 169 Conclusion 179 Appendix 185 List of Abbreviations 191 References 197 Index 207

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Book SynopsisThe ebook edition of this title is Open Access, thanks to Knowledge Unlatched funding, and freely available to read online. Shortlisted for the Foundation for the Sociology of Health and Illness Book Prize 2021 Growing numbers of women around the world are now accessing social egg freezing: a fertility extension technology which is enabling some women to extend their fertility and reproductive timelines when faced with age-related fertility decline. This book explores the accounts and experiences of some of the pioneering users of this technology in the UK and the USA. Drawing on theories and concepts across medical sociology and parenting culture studies, as well as literature from demography, anthropology, law, and bioethics, this book examines women’s motivations and experiences of social egg freezing in the context of debates surrounding reproductive choice and delayed motherhood. The book also delves into the broader sociological questions raised by this technology in relation to the gendered burden of appropriately timed parenthood, the medicalisation of women’s bodies in the reproductive domain and the further entrenchment of the geneticisation of society. It also considers the sexual politics underpinning the timing of parenthood, relationship formation and progression, and the way in which reproductive and parenting ideals, values and expectations can come in to conflict with the biological and relational realities of women’s lives.Trade ReviewBaldwin's book draws from an exploratory sociological research study which explored the accounts of 31 female users of "social egg-freezing". Her cohort was comprised of women who were either about to undergo social egg freezing or had attempted or completed the process. The term "social egg freezing" signals the socially constituted nature of this technology and demonstrates how women's use of egg freezing as a form of fertility extension and genetic conservation was inherently socially situated. She investigates the way in which users of this technology determine and negotiate their mothering desires, which are mediated and constrained not only by wider socio-political and market contexts but also by their intimate encounters with (non)reproductive partners. Baldwin reveals pressures and burdens that reproductive technology can place upon women to draw upon and navigate these technologies in the pursuit of greater reproductive choice and control and in the process of family building. -- Annotation ©2019 * (protoview.com) *Table of ContentsChapter 1. Introduction Chapter 2. Contemporary Debates in Social Egg Freezing Chapter 3. Timing Motherhood Chapter 4. Performing Parenthood Chapter 5. Motivations for Social Egg Freezing Chapter 6. The Experience of Freezing Eggs for Social Reasons Chapter 7. Negotiating Parenthood: Men, Intimate Relationships and Childbearing Chapter 8. Conclusion

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Book SynopsisLarge-scale, interoperable biobanks are an increasingly important asset in today's life science research and, as a result, multiple types of biobanks are being established around the globe with very different financial, organizational and legal set-ups. With interdisciplinary chapters written by lawyers, sociologists, doctors and biobank practitioners, Global Genes, Local Concerns identifies and discusses the most pressing issues in contemporary biobanking.This timely book addresses pressing questions such as: how do national biobanks best contribute to translational research?; What are the opportunities and challenges that current regulations present for translational use of biobanks?; How does inter-biobank coordination and collaboration occur on various levels?; and how could academic and industrial exploitation, ownership and IPR issues be addressed and facilitated? Identifying that biobanks foundational and operational set-ups should be legally and ethically sound, while at the same time reflecting the hopes and concerns of all the involved stakeholders, this book contributes to the continued development of international biobanking by highlighting and analysing the complexities in this important area of research.Academics in the fields of law and ethics, health law and biomedical law, as well as biobank managers and policymakers will find this insightful book a stimulating and engaging read.Contributors include: T. Bossow, T.A. Caulfield, B.J. Clark, Å. Hellstadius, J.R. Herrmann, K. Høyer, M. Jordan, J. Kaye, N.C.H. Kongsholm, K. Liddell, J. Liddicoat, M.J. Madison, T. Minssen, B. Murdoch, W. Nicholson Price II, E. Ortega-Paino, M. Prictor, M.B. Rasmussen, K. Sargsyan, J. Schovsbo, A.M. Tupasela, E. van Zimmeren, F. Vogl, H. Yu, P.K. YuTrade Review‘a valuable tool not only for researchers and policymakers, but also to legal practitioners.’ -- Peter Ling, IPkatTable of ContentsContents: Introduction Part I - Biobanks, Big Data and Modes of Collaboration 1. Big Data and the ethics of detail: the role of ethics work in the making of a cross-national research infrastructure for genetic research Klaus Hoeyer, Aaro Tupasela, Malene Bøgehus Rasmussen 2. Biobanks as Knowledge Institutions Michael J. Madison Part II - Biobanks, translational medicine and tech transfer 3. Biobanks as Innovation Infrastructure for Translational Medicine W. Nicholson Price II 4. Responsible Use of Human Biosamples in the Bioscience Industries Brian J Clark and Tina Bossow Part III - Biobanks, Human Rights and Patient Involvement 5. Biobanking, Scientific Productions and Human Rights Peter K. Yu 6. You told me, Right? - Free and Informed Consent in European Patent Law Åsa Hellstadius and Jens Schovsbo 7. Dynamic Consent and Biobanking – A Means of Fostering Sustainability? Jane Kaye and Megan Prictor 8. Generating Trust in Biobanks within the Context of Commercialization: Can Dynamic Consent Overcome Trust Challenges? Esther van Zimmeren 9. Exploitation and vulnerabilities in consent to biobank research in developing countries Nana Cecilie Halmsted Kongsholm 10. Biobanking and the Consent Problem Timothy Caulfield and Blake Murdoch Part IV - Biobanks, Guidelines and Good Governance 11. Responsible Research and Innovation and the Advancement of Biobanking and Biomedical research Helen Yu 12. Do we need an expiration date for biobanks? Franziska Vogl and Karine Sargsyan 13. Biobanks and Biobank Networks Eva Ortega-Paíno and Aaro Tupasela 14. IP Policies for Large Bioresources: the fiction, fantasy and future of openness Kathleen Liddell, Johnathan Liddicoat and Matthew Jordan Index

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Book SynopsisIn the coming decades robots and artificial intelligence will fundamentally change our world. In doing so they offer the hope of a golden future, one where the elderly are looked after by companion robots, where the disabled can walk, robot security protects us all, remote rural areas have access to the best urban facilities and there is almost limitless prosperity. But there are dangers. There are fears in the labour market that robots will replace jobs, leaving many unemployed, and increase inequality. In relying too much on robots, people may reduce their human contact and see their cognitive abilities decline. There are even concerns, reflected in many science fiction films, that robots may eventually become competitors with humans for survival. This book looks at both the history of robots, in science and in fiction, as well as the science behind robots. Specific chapters analyse the impact of robots on the labour market, people's attitudes to robots, the impact of robots on society, and the appropriate policies to pursue to prepare our world for the robot revolution. Overall the book strikes a cautionary tone. Robots will change our world dramatically and they will also change human beings. These important issues are examined from the perspective of an economist, but the book is intended to appeal to a wider audience in the social sciences and beyond.Table of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Innovation 2. The History and Development of Robots 3. Robots now and in the Future 4. The Science of Robots 5. The impact on employment, unemployment and wages 6. The Economic, Social and Political Impact 7. People’s Hopes and Fears 8. Policies to deal with potential problems and to realise the promise 9. A Changing World of Innovation References Index

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Book SynopsisProviding an insightful analysis of the key issues and significant trends relating to labour within the platform economy, this Modern Guide considers the existing comparative evidence covering all world regions. It also provides an in-depth look at digital labour platforms in their historical, economic and geographical contexts. Highlighting the diversity of experience of platform work, case studies illustrate how general trends play out, both in online and location-based labour platforms, across the globe. Chapters illustrate a need for a post-pandemic regulatory requirement of digital labour platforms at different policy levels, whilst providing a general overview of key topics. Interlinking contributions with a global scope and coverage identify the challenges faced and offer thoughtful regulatory solutions. This engaging book will be an invaluable resource for academics of labour economics, legal and business studies and sociology. It will also benefit policy makers in social and political geography and political science looking for a deeper understanding of the topic.Trade Review‘This collected volume on the world of work produced by platform companies should be required reading for anyone interested in the modern politics of labor. Drahokoupil and Vandaele have brought together cutting-edge scholars and scholarship to historicize the emergence of the platform economy and to understand its complex, transnational implications for work and workers. Together, the chapters help to contextualize both the challenges and opportunities posed by digital labor and should be required reading for regulators, policymakers, and academics alike.’ -- Veena Dubal, University of California College of the Law, San Francisco, US‘Here’s everything you need to know about the platform economy and workers—and perhaps hadn’t even thought of asking—in this comprehensive Modern Guide. It covers emerging trends, particular cases, regulatory issues and much else, and is likely to become an essential guide for researchers and policy makers.’ -- Jayati Ghosh, University of Massachusetts Amherst, USTable of ContentsContents: 1 Introduction: Janus meets Proteus in the platform economy 1 Jan Drahokoupil and Kurt Vandaele PART I CONTEXT AND ISSUES 2 The business models of labour platforms: Creating an uncertain future 33 Jan Drahokoupil 3 Moving on, out or up: The externalization of work to B2B platforms 49 Pamela Meil and Mehtap Akgü. 4 Measuring the platform economy: Different approaches to estimating the size of the online platform workforce 66 Agnieszka Piasna 5 A historical perspective on the drivers of digital labour platforms 81 Gérard Valenduc 6 The platform economy at the forefront of a changing world of work: Implications for occupational health and safety 96 Pierre Bérastégui and Sacha Garben 7 How place and space matter to union organizing in the platform economy 112 Benjamin Herr, Philip Schörpf and Jörg Flecker PART II REGULATING PLATFORM WORK 8 Embedding platforms in contemporary labour law 129 Valerio De Stefano and Mathias Wouters 9 The regulation of platform work in the European Union: Mapping the challenges 145 Sacha Garben 10 Workers, platforms and the state: The struggle over digital labour platform regulation 162 Sai Englert, Mark Graham, Sandra Fredman, Darcy du Toit, Adam Badger, Richard Heeks and Jean-Paul Van Belle 11 Trade union responses to platform work: An evolving tension between mainstream and grassroots approaches 177 Simon Joyce and Mark Stuart PART III CASE STUDIES ACROSS THE GLOBE: ONLINE LABOUR PLATFORMS 12 The uneven potential of online platform work for human development at the global margins 194 Mark Graham, Vili Lehdonvirta, Alex J. Wood, Helena Barnard, Isis Hjorth and David Peter Simon 13 From outsourcing to crowdsourcing: Assessing the implications for Indian workers of different outsourcing strategies 209 Janine Berg, Uma Rani and Nora Gobel 14 The geographic and linguistic variety of online labour markets: The cases of Russia and Ukraine 225 Mariya Aleksynska, Andrey Shevchuk and Denis Strebkov PART IV CASE STUDIES ACROSS THE GLOBE: LOCATION-BASED LABOUR PLATFORMS 15 Aliada and Alia: Contrasting for-profit and non-profit platforms for domestic work in Mexico and the United States 242 Andrea Santiago Páramo and Carlos Piñeyro Nelson 16 The role of worker collectives among app-based food delivery couriers in France, Germany and Norway: All the same or different? 258 Kristin Jesnes, Denis Neumann, Vera Trappmann and Pauline de Becdelièvre 17 The pitfalls and promises of successfully organizing Foodora couriers in Toronto 274 Raoul Gebert 18 Labour management and resistance among platform-based food delivery couriers in Beijing 290 Jack Linchuan Qiu, Ping Sun and Julie Chen 19 Struggles over the power and meaning of digital labour platforms: A comparison of the Vienna, Berlin, New York and Los Angeles taxi markets 308 Hannah Johnston and Susanne Pernicka 20 Passenger transport in Australia: Injury compensation, public policy and the health pandemic 323 David Peetz PART V CLOSING THOUGHTS 21 Institutional experimentation and the challenges of platform labour 339 Maria Figueroa Index

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Book SynopsisElgar Advanced Introductions are stimulating and thoughtful introductions to major fields in the social sciences and law, expertly written by the world's leading scholars. Designed to be accessible yet rigorous, they offer concise and lucid surveys of the substantive and policy issues associated with discrete subject areas. This cutting edge book introduces the origins and consequences of digital platforms, examining how artificial intelligence-enabled digital platforms collect and process data from and about users by providing social media and e-commerce services. Robin Mansell and W. Edward Steinmueller compare and contrast neoclassical, institutional and critical political economy approaches. They show how uneven power relationships between platform operators and their users are analysed in different economic traditions. Key features include: analysis of economic and public values provides a foundation for platform regulation examines the impacts of platforms on the media industry challenges claims of the inevitability of platform dominance discusses key challenges, including: artificial intelligence, data sharing and competition in the digital economy. This concise book will be indispensable for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students of media and communication studies, innovation studies and economics, particularly those focusing on platform economics.Trade Review'This Advanced Introduction provides a much-needed analysis of digital platforms and their major influence on society. What makes Mansell and Steinmueller's book stand out is that it looks at platforms not only through the lens of neo-classical economics, but also of institutional economics and critical political economy, comprehensively demonstrating how these theories differ in their assessment of both consequences of platforms and the need for regulation and non-commercial alternatives.' --Manuel Puppis, University of Fribourg, Switzerland'This is a timely and useful overview of the multifaceted roles of digital platforms by two leading experts in the field. The book presents an insightful discussion of three different economic perspectives on the benefits and dangers of digital platforms. It also addresses the most critical issues concerning users, policy makers, platform operators and society as a whole, identifying reforms that may be necessary. Highly recommended for an understanding of the challenges ahead.' --Franco Malerba, Bocconi University, Italy'Digital platforms are the dominant new business model of the digital economy. With Advanced Introduction to Platform Economics, Mansell and Steinmueller have written a wonderfully accessible and insightful treatise which will be extremely valuable to all students who want to understand digital platforms' economic mechanisms and their social consequences.' --Annabelle Gawer, University of Surrey, UKTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction 2. Digital platform origins and novelty 3. Economic analysis of platforms 4. Technologies and datafication practices 5. Self-regulation and alternative business models 6. Policy, regulation and alternative platform provision 7. Global perspectives 8. Conclusion References Index

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Book SynopsisElgar Advanced Introductions are stimulating and thoughtful introductions to major fields in the social sciences and law, expertly written by the world's leading scholars. Designed to be accessible yet rigorous, they offer concise and lucid surveys of the substantive and policy issues associated with discrete subject areas. This cutting edge book introduces the origins and consequences of digital platforms, examining how artificial intelligence-enabled digital platforms collect and process data from and about users by providing social media and e-commerce services. Robin Mansell and W. Edward Steinmueller compare and contrast neoclassical, institutional and critical political economy approaches. They show how uneven power relationships between platform operators and their users are analysed in different economic traditions. Key features include: analysis of economic and public values provides a foundation for platform regulation examines the impacts of platforms on the media industry challenges claims of the inevitability of platform dominance discusses key challenges, including: artificial intelligence, data sharing and competition in the digital economy. This concise book will be indispensable for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students of media and communication studies, innovation studies and economics, particularly those focusing on platform economics.Trade Review'This Advanced Introduction provides a much-needed analysis of digital platforms and their major influence on society. What makes Mansell and Steinmueller's book stand out is that it looks at platforms not only through the lens of neo-classical economics, but also of institutional economics and critical political economy, comprehensively demonstrating how these theories differ in their assessment of both consequences of platforms and the need for regulation and non-commercial alternatives.' --Manuel Puppis, University of Fribourg, Switzerland'This is a timely and useful overview of the multifaceted roles of digital platforms by two leading experts in the field. The book presents an insightful discussion of three different economic perspectives on the benefits and dangers of digital platforms. It also addresses the most critical issues concerning users, policy makers, platform operators and society as a whole, identifying reforms that may be necessary. Highly recommended for an understanding of the challenges ahead.' --Franco Malerba, Bocconi University, Italy'Digital platforms are the dominant new business model of the digital economy. With Advanced Introduction to Platform Economics, Mansell and Steinmueller have written a wonderfully accessible and insightful treatise which will be extremely valuable to all students who want to understand digital platforms' economic mechanisms and their social consequences.' --Annabelle Gawer, University of Surrey, UKTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction 2. Digital platform origins and novelty 3. Economic analysis of platforms 4. Technologies and datafication practices 5. Self-regulation and alternative business models 6. Policy, regulation and alternative platform provision 7. Global perspectives 8. Conclusion References Index

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Book SynopsisThis insightful Handbook scrutinizes alternative concepts and approaches to the dominant economic or industrial theories of innovation. Providing an assessment of these approaches, it questions the absence of these neglected types of innovation and suggests diverse theories. International contributors provide a historical and critical analysis of all aspects of innovation, answering important questions such as ‘are we just reinventing the wheel?’. Examining concepts that have existed for over a decade, chapters provide clarity on answering this question and investigate whether progress is actually being made. Split into seven parts, starting with the visions of innovation and reviewing multiple approaches and types of innovation, as well as utilising case studies to illustrate theories, this timely book provides an excellent update to this field. This Handbook will be an invaluable resource for scholars and researchers of business management and public policy as well as policy makers and stakeholders.Trade Review‘This Handbook truly deserves its designation as such. It provides a comprehensive and multi-faceted overview of different conceptual meanings, theories, usages and interpretations of “innovation”. Far beyond the most familiar association with technology and industry, the reader is introduced to “social“, “responsible“, “sustainable“, “disruptive“ and other variations of innovation, their respective rationales, theoretical underpinnings, philosophical and policy implications. This collection of contributions by well-respected authors is a fascinating and unique attempt to capture the many paths covered by “innovation“ as a traveling concept.’ -- Peter Weingart, Bielefeld University, GermanyTable of ContentsContents: Introduction to the Handbook on Alternative Theories of Innovation 1 Benoît Godin, Gérald Gaglio and Dominique Vinck PART I VISIONS OF INNOVATION 1 Innovation theology 11 Benoît Godin 2 Imaginaries of innovation 23 Harro van Lente PART II THEORIZING INNOVATION IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY: THE FOUNDATIONS 3 Theories of innovation 38 Benoît Godin 4 Economic approaches to industrial technological innovation 59 Irwin Feller PART III ALTERNATIVE APPROACHES TO INNOVATION 5 Mapping innovation diversity 79 Mónica Edwards-Schachter 6 Social innovation: contested understandings of social change 106 Cornelius Schubert 7 Sustainable innovation: analysing literature lineages 122 Frank Boons and Riza Batista-Navarro 8 Responsible innovation: challenging an alternative 135 Lucien von Schomberg PART IV ALTERNATIVE TYPES OF INNOVATION 9 User-centred innovation: from innovative users to user centred programmes 148 Bastien Tavner 10 Open innovation: the open society and its entrepreneurial bias 162 Tiago Brandão 11 Disruptive innovation: an organizational strategy and a technological concept 182 Darryl Cressman 12 Common innovation: the oldest species of innovation? 197 G.M. Peter Swann 13 Grassroots innovation: mainstreaming the discourse of informal sector 212 Fayaz Ahmad Sheikh and Hemant Kumar 14 Frugal innovation: reaching an ‘empowered’ developing-countries end-user 233 Céline Cholez and Pascale Trompette PART V SUPPORTING INNOVATION: REFRAMING THE INSTRUMENTS 15 X-innovation and international organizations narratives 252 Carolina Bagattolli 16 Transformative innovation policy: a novel approach? 276 Markus Grillitsch, Teis Hansen and Stine Madsen 17 Business innovation measurement: history and evolution 292 Giulio Perani PART VI IMMUNE DISCIPLINES AND FORGOTTEN THEORIZATIONS 18 Religion and innovation: charting the territory 310 Boris Rähme 19 Anthropology of and for innovation 334 Ulrich Ufer and Alexandra Hausstein 20 Philosophical reflections on the concept of innovation 354 Vincent Blok PART VII THEORIZING THE THEORIES 21 Ideology, engine or regime. Styles of critique and theories of innovation 369 Brice Laurent 22 Collateral innovation: renewing theory from case-studies 387 Gérald Gaglio and Dominique Vinck Conclusion to the Handbook on Alternative Theories of Innovation 404 Gérald Gaglio, Dominique Vinck and Benoît Godin Index

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Book SynopsisWhich Side of History? offers a collection of bold essays on how technology is affecting democracy, society, and our future. Featuring prominent national voices such as Sacha Baron Cohen, Marc Benioff, Ellen Pao, Ken Auletta, Chelsea Clinton, Tim Wu, Khaled Hosseini, Nicholas Kristof and Sheryl WuDunn, Jaron Lanier, Willow Bay, Sal Khan, Sherry Turkle, Shoshana Zuboff, Vivek Murthy, Geoffrey Canada, and many more. The essays focus on the extraordinary impact of technology on our privacy, kids and families, race and gender roles, democracy, climate change, and mental health. This groundbreaking book challenges opinion leaders and the broader public to take action to improve technology's effects on our lives. • Featuring notable journalists, engineers, entrepreneurs, novelists, activists, filmmakers, business leaders, scholars, and researchers, including: Thomas Friedman, Kara Swisher, Michelle Alexander, Jennifer Siebel Newsom, Jenna Wortham, Cameron Kasky, Howard Gardner, and Tristan Harris. • Explores the ethical behavior of Big Tech, or the lack thereof. • Offers roadmaps for constructive change and thought-provoking perspectives. With the rise of cyberbullying and hate speech online, issues around climate change and technology, and the "move fast and break things" mentality of tech culture, Which Side of History? will urge readers to draw the line. • This book will help shape the conversations we have around technology in our society and our future for years to come. • A smart gift for anyone who approaches tech and the future with a healthy skepticism • Edited by James P. Steyer, the CEO and founder of Common Sense Media. • Add it to the shelf with books like Ten Arguments for Deleting Your Social Media Accounts Right Now by Jaron Lanier, The Shallows: What the Internet Is Doing to Our Brains by Nicholas Carr, and The Age of Surveillance Capitalism: The Fight for a Human Future at the New Frontier of Power by Shoshana Zuboff.

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Book SynopsisThis timely book explores the likely success or failure of potential transport innovations. Chapters examine societally relevant effects of transport transitions, including impacts on the environment, accessibility, safety and more. It focuses on complex innovations in which both public and private actors are involved.Combining insights from innovation sciences with evolutionary economics, business economics, managerial sciences, psychology and history, the chapters consider state-of-the-art innovation theories applied to sustainable transport, with an emphasis on approaches to understanding behaviour. The book then explores a range of potential transitions, covering technological innovations such as vehicle electrification, e-bikes and light electric vehicles in city logistics, before moving on to look at service innovations including carsharing, mobility as a service and e-shopping.Offering coverage of both frameworks and innovation examples themselves, this book will be an interesting read for transport studies and innovation scholars. It will also be a useful tool for policy makers and planners working in the area.Trade Review‘A systems change is on its way. Cities all over the world are changing their mobility paradigms, trying to transform car-oriented cities into places for people. This change goes hand in hand with the necessary change towards climate neutral mobility and more liveable cities. It comes at a time when car ownership can be replaced by alternatives such as shared mobility or mobility as a service, and many other smaller and larger innovations are shaping the future. In this book it is shown how transition theory and other frameworks can help to understand the incremental and radical changes that are supporting this transition towards a more sustainable mobility system. A must-read for everyone who wants to understand what the future of mobility will look like!’ -- Cathy Macharis, VUB-Mobilise, Belgium‘The transportation field has long put its faith in technological innovation as a way to solve our problems, whether traffic congestion or environmental impacts. But it is not that simple, as the theoretical frameworks and specific examples presented in this book demonstrate. Readers will find many important insights here.’ -- Susan Handy, University of California, Davis, USTable of ContentsContents: Preface x 1 Introduction to Innovations in Transport 1 Bert van Wee, Jan Anne Annema and Jonathan Köhler PART I FRAMEWORKS FOR ANALYSING TRANSPORT INNOVATIONS 2 A transitions theory perspective on transport innovation 14 Bonno Pel 3 Modelling innovations in freight transport: a business ecosystem perspective 35 Giovanni Zenezini and Lóránt A. Tavasszy 4 Understanding mobility biographies: conceptual and empirical advancements and practical innovation 68 Henrike Rau and Joachim Scheiner 5 Behavioral economics and social nudges in sustainable travel 89 William Riggs 6 Transport innovation theories: a brief overview 111 Jan Anne Annema PART II TRANSPORT INNOVATIONS 7 Technological innovation systems and transport innovations: understanding vehicle electrification in Norway 131 Ove Langeland, Cyriac George and Erik Figenbaum 8 Beyond market success: unpacking the societal implications of the e-bike 164 Qi Sun 9 Explaining the growth in light electric vehicles in city logistics 188 Ron van Duin, Walther Ploos van Amstel and Hans Quak 10 Automated driving on the path to enlightenment? 221 Maaike Snelder, Gonçalo Homem de Almeida Correia and Bart van Arem 11 Assessing policies to scale up carsharing 242 Karla Münzel, Marlous Arentshorst, Wouter Boon and Koen Frenken 12 Mobility-as-a-Service: how governance is shaping an innovation and its outcomes 269 Wijnand Veeneman 13 E-shopping, travel behavior, and society: a multi-level perspective on sustainable transitions 295 Kunbo Shi, Long Cheng and Frank Witlox 14 Identifying disruptive innovations in transport: the case of the Hyperloop 316 Yashar Araghi and Isabel R. Wilmink 15 Mission-oriented innovation policy: the case of the Swedish “Vision Zero” approach to traffic safety 343 Jannes Craens, Koen Frenken and Toon Meelen Index 359

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Book SynopsisThis timely book explores the likely success or failure of potential transport innovations. Chapters examine societally relevant effects of transport transitions, including impacts on the environment, accessibility, safety and more. It focuses on complex innovations in which both public and private actors are involved.Combining insights from innovation sciences with evolutionary economics, business economics, managerial sciences, psychology and history, the chapters consider state-of-the-art innovation theories applied to sustainable transport, with an emphasis on approaches to understanding behaviour. The book then explores a range of potential transitions, covering technological innovations such as vehicle electrification, e-bikes and light electric vehicles in city logistics, before moving on to look at service innovations including carsharing, mobility as a service and e-shopping.Offering coverage of both frameworks and innovation examples themselves, this book will be an interesting read for transport studies and innovation scholars. It will also be a useful tool for policy makers and planners working in the area.Trade Review‘A systems change is on its way. Cities all over the world are changing their mobility paradigms, trying to transform car-oriented cities into places for people. This change goes hand in hand with the necessary change towards climate neutral mobility and more liveable cities. It comes at a time when car ownership can be replaced by alternatives such as shared mobility or mobility as a service, and many other smaller and larger innovations are shaping the future. In this book it is shown how transition theory and other frameworks can help to understand the incremental and radical changes that are supporting this transition towards a more sustainable mobility system. A must-read for everyone who wants to understand what the future of mobility will look like!’ -- Cathy Macharis, VUB-Mobilise, Belgium‘The transportation field has long put its faith in technological innovation as a way to solve our problems, whether traffic congestion or environmental impacts. But it is not that simple, as the theoretical frameworks and specific examples presented in this book demonstrate. Readers will find many important insights here.’ -- Susan Handy, University of California, Davis, USTable of ContentsContents: Preface x 1 Introduction to Innovations in Transport 1 Bert van Wee, Jan Anne Annema and Jonathan Köhler PART I FRAMEWORKS FOR ANALYSING TRANSPORT INNOVATIONS 2 A transitions theory perspective on transport innovation 14 Bonno Pel 3 Modelling innovations in freight transport: a business ecosystem perspective 35 Giovanni Zenezini and Lóránt A. Tavasszy 4 Understanding mobility biographies: conceptual and empirical advancements and practical innovation 68 Henrike Rau and Joachim Scheiner 5 Behavioral economics and social nudges in sustainable travel 89 William Riggs 6 Transport innovation theories: a brief overview 111 Jan Anne Annema PART II TRANSPORT INNOVATIONS 7 Technological innovation systems and transport innovations: understanding vehicle electrification in Norway 131 Ove Langeland, Cyriac George and Erik Figenbaum 8 Beyond market success: unpacking the societal implications of the e-bike 164 Qi Sun 9 Explaining the growth in light electric vehicles in city logistics 188 Ron van Duin, Walther Ploos van Amstel and Hans Quak 10 Automated driving on the path to enlightenment? 221 Maaike Snelder, Gonçalo Homem de Almeida Correia and Bart van Arem 11 Assessing policies to scale up carsharing 242 Karla Münzel, Marlous Arentshorst, Wouter Boon and Koen Frenken 12 Mobility-as-a-Service: how governance is shaping an innovation and its outcomes 269 Wijnand Veeneman 13 E-shopping, travel behavior, and society: a multi-level perspective on sustainable transitions 295 Kunbo Shi, Long Cheng and Frank Witlox 14 Identifying disruptive innovations in transport: the case of the Hyperloop 316 Yashar Araghi and Isabel R. Wilmink 15 Mission-oriented innovation policy: the case of the Swedish “Vision Zero” approach to traffic safety 343 Jannes Craens, Koen Frenken and Toon Meelen Index 359

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Book SynopsisWritten in an accessible style with comprehensive coverage, the Handbook of Gender and Technology provides an excellent foundation examining gender equity in technology fields. Covering the state of the art, chapters consider three key influences – environmental, identity and individual – to highlight interventions to address the gender gap in technology. Using qualitative and quantitative methods, the expert contributors seek to understand the subjective reality of those experiencing gender barriers and to provide the reader with both theory and research results into gender diversity in technology. This Handbook provides a comprehensive review of issues faced by women and gender minorities in technology fields. It is global in perspective, including chapters about Africa, Asia-Pacific, Europe, and North America. It is intersectional in approach, including the standpoint of racial and ethnic minorities, persons with disabilities, and members of the LGBTQA+ community.Providing a unified look at the challenges faced, this insightful Handbook is an excellent resource for scholars interested in gender and social inclusion in technology fields. It also provides an informative guide for policymakers and managers in global organizations tasked with developing interventions using data-driven practices to address the gender gap.Trade Review‘Professors Trauth and Quesenberry pull together the most up-to-date and comprehensive view of the gender imbalance in the IT field that I am aware of. This is a timely infusion of what has been learned to date and why interventions to create more balance do and do not work. Given recent discussions in the Information Systems academic community, this should provide a wonderful resource to elevate the conversation from wheel spinning to serious action taking.’ -- Fred Niederman, St. Louis University, USTable of ContentsContents: 1 Introduction to the Handbook of Gender and Technology 1 Eileen M. Trauth and Jeria L. Quesenberry 2 An overview of the individual differences theory of gender and IT 22 Eileen M. Trauth PART I ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES 3 Invisible but ubiquitous: leveraging ICTs for development in gendered systems of exclusion – Nigeria and Cameroon 56 Patience Akpan-Obong 4 The gender gap in information systems service organizations in Korea: a contextual hierarchy perspective 77 Gyeung-min Kim, Namjae Cho and Hee-Sun Kim 5 The FESTA project: doing gender equality work in STEM faculties in Europe 90 Minna Salminen-Karlsson 6 National culture and policy institutionalizing workplace change: supporting women’s career progression in STEM through Athena SWAN 106 Regina Connolly and Ita Richardson 7 Promoting gender equality at two European universities through structural change interventions: the EQUAL-IST project 126 Elena Gorbacheva and Isabel Ramos 8 Connected and committed? Culture and context in career entrenchment of Indian and native-born women in the United States IT workforce 149 Monica Adya and Sangeeta Parashar 9 Thriving as women in IT publishing, leadership, and service: challenges faced and lessons learned 165 Cynthia K. Riemenschneider and Deborah J. Armstrong PART II IDENTITY INFLUENCES 10 The influence of intersectional identity on women in the IT field 182 Eileen M. Trauth 11 We cannot build equitable artificial intelligence hiring systems without the inclusion of minoritized technology workers 200 Lynette Yarger, Courtney Smith and Adanna Nedd 12 BLKGENIUS: a social-academic network for combating the underrepresentation of Black men in computing in the United States 216 Curtis C. Cain 13 Founding oSTEM: trailblazing for LGBTQA+ communities 229 Eric Patridge 14 The chains that bind: gender, disability, race, and IT accommodations 252 Eleanor T. Loiacono and Shiya Cao 15 Gender and work–life balance in the IT field 273 Manju K. Ahuja PART III INDIVIDUAL INFLUENCES 16 Empowering Techgirls: role modeling and mentoring the next generation in STEM 296 Tricia Massey, Jenine Beekhuyzen and Sue Nielsen 17 Intervention organizations to increase women’s engagement with IT: a case study of NCWIT 311 Roli Varma 18 Lessons from women coping with IT workplace barriers 328 Hala Annabi 19 Job crafting to recruit and retain women in the IT workforce: what would it take to keep you here? 351 Mari W. Buche 20 Applying a feminist ethics of care in conducting internet-based archival gender research: the case of studying Gamergate Reactions 369 Florence M. Chee, Todd Suomela, Bettina Berendt and Geoffrey Martin Rockwell 21 Longitudinal effects on individual influences in women’s pursuit of computer science education 386 Jeria L. Quesenberry 22 Am I good enough? Sources of IT self-efficacy as key impediments to narrowing the IT gender gap 398 K.D. Joshi Index 415

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Book SynopsisData Ethics of Power takes a reflective and fresh look at the ethical implications of transforming everyday life and the world through the effortless, costless, and seamless accumulation of extra layers of data. By shedding light on the constant tensions that exist between ethical principles and the interests invested in this socio-technical transformation, the book bridges the theory and practice divide in the study of the power dynamics that underpin these processes of the digitalization of the world. Gry Hasselbalch expertly draws on nearly two decades of experience in the field, and key literature, to advance a better understanding of the challenges faced by big data and AI developers. She provides an innovative ethical framework for studying and governing Big-Data and Artificial Intelligence. Offering both a historical account and a theoretical analysis of power dynamics and their ethical implications, as well as incisive ideas to guide future research and governance practices, the book makes a significant contribution to the establishment of an emerging data and AI ethics discipline.This timely book is a must-read for scholars studying AI, data, and technology ethics. Policymakers in the regulatory, governance, public administration, and management sectors will find the practical proposals for a human-centric approach to big data and AI to be a valuable resource for revising and developing future policies.Trade Review’In this concise work, Hasselbalch outlines the ramifications of power with respect to data ethics and cultural data practices. Beginning with definitions of common terminology used in the field, Hasselbalch establishes common ground for readers and takes them through a breadth of power scenarios in various areas of data ethics practice. She explores the influence of power in realistic situations such as policy vacuums and surveillance society. Though a number of publications address data science ethics, what sets this work apart is the robust depth of knowledge the author brings to the topic; she moves beyond a descriptive approach to focus on the interactive relationship between power and data ethics. The text usefully identifies regional differences between the European Union and other areas of the world in light of the EU's stringent data-protections regime. Given the regional differences and international nature of many data science operations, this work is relevant to students worldwide. Hasselbalch offers a rich bibliography for extended study along with the usual backmatter. Undergraduate and graduate students studying computer science and related technologies will profit from reading the book. Highly recommended. Lower- and upper-division undergraduates.’ -- K J Whitehair, CHOICE‘Data Ethics of Power is an instant classic of technology law and policy. Its wise and topical policy recommendations stand on rigorous philosophical foundations. In Hasselbalch’s work, we are taken on a journey to the origins of ethics, to understand the critical importance of empowering institutions for wise governance of AI. As policymakers work to promote and channel AI, they should find much here to guide their deliberations. Deeply relevant to academics, practitioners, and anyone interested in the future development of advanced technology, Data Ethics of Power revitalizes the field of AI ethics.’ -- Frank Pasquale, Brooklyn Law School, US‘This book offers a unique and timely contribution to the fields of data and AI ethics by examining power structures in both the big data and the AI ethics space. Dr. Hasselbalch provides a paradigm shift in thinking about data ethics and power stating that data ethics is not only about power but also is power. Re-framing the discussion in this way uncovers novel solutions to the pressing problems created by big data and AI. This book is required reading for academics, industry leaders, and policy makers in the data and AI ethics space looking to address the future of data and AI in society on a global scale.’ -- Aimee van Wynsberghe, University of Bonn, Germany‘Data Ethics of Power by Gry Hasselbalch provides a deeply impactful approach to a subject typically bogged down by technical or political dogma by identifying the systems of power that create the highest levels of obfuscation around data. But it is in her revelation that open, unconditional love will provide the individual and communal willingness for genuine change that her words bring essential human healing regarding autonomous data ethics governance.’ -- John C. Havens, author of Heartificial Intelligence: Embracing our Humanity to Maximize Machines‘A recurring criticism of tech ethics is that ideas about responsible innovation are idealizations—aspirational wish lists too far removed from inequitable real-world power struggles. Gry Hasselbalch’s Data Ethics of Power: A Human Approach in the Big Data and AI Era provides a much-needed corrective. This masterful, interdisciplinary work makes a deep, human-centered case for conceptualizing and practicing data ethics as interrogating and negotiating infrastructures of power and their complex underlying cultural conditions.’ -- Evan Selinger, Rochester Institute of Technology, USTable of ContentsContents: Preface Introduction to Data Ethics of Power 1. Big Data Sociotechnical Infrastructures (BDSTIs) 2. Sociotechnical change and data ethical governance 3. Artificial Intelligence Sociotechnical Infrastructures (AISTIs) 4. Data interests and data cultures 5. What is data ethics? 6. Conclusion to Data Ethics of Power Bibliography Index

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Book Synopsis

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Book SynopsisAs the NHS suffers from record waiting lists and devastating strain, Dr Michael Christopher works to strip away the delusions and show exactly how we can fix our beloved NHS.

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