Environmental management Books

Book SynopsisWhat happens when a distant colonial power tries to tame an unfamiliar terrain in the world's largest tidal delta? This history, which spans from 1760 to 1920, demonstrates how colonial property law and hydraulic engineering transformed the ecology of the Bengal delta to drain Calcutta.Trade Review'Debjani Bhattacharyya resurrects Calcutta's forgotten watery origins to recuperate an entirely riveting account of the city and its real estate market. The book shows how the fictitious capital of property value relies on an enduring amnesia about the intractable and transient texture of ecological landscapes. Deeply researched and brilliantly conceived, it offers a path-breaking account of the urban ecological crisis and its uncertain future.' Bhavani Raman, University of Toronto'In this fascinating study of the emergence of the metropolis of Calcutta out of the swampy landscape of the Bengal delta, Bhattacharyya shows how the production of a modern urban property regime entailed a forgotten transformation of the very earth upon which it was constructed.' Andrew Sartori, New York University'Empire and Ecology has immense potential to shape conversations across a range of disciplinary and interdisciplinary concerns. … This is a book to keep ready to hand on shelves and to place prominently on syllabi.' Jeremy J. Schmidt, Environmental Values'Empire and Ecology in the Bengal Delta is path-breaking and makes a compelling case for drawing urban studies in South Asia into the deepening folds of environmental history. This is an original effort that brims with theoretical insights and helps us recover ways for 'remembering' contemporary Kolkata's many entanglements with the Bengal delta's soaking ecology.' Rohan D'Souza, H-Water'In her innovative new book, Empire and Ecology in the Bengal Delta, Debjani Bhattacharyya, a professor of history at Drexel University, describes how Bengalis had their own story about Calcutta's origins. 'Legend has it that the city was born when the ocean started churning, and a tortoise', pressed between the mountains and the force of Ananta, the infinite, 'gasped out a deep breath'. Its breath made the Bengal Delta, a vast 40,000 square mile area where the Ganges and Brahmaputra rivers seep into the Bay of Bengal. This legend … carries an element of truth: Calcutta rests on shifting ground. It should be no surprise that its fortunes have shifted too.' Maya Jasanoff, The New York Review of Books'Beyond its clear importance to scholars of rivers, swamps, bogs, and other aqueous spaces and waterscapes, Empire and Ecology is brilliant and foundational reading for historians of environment, law, and empire in global contexts.' Benjamin Siegel, Environmental History'… Debjani Bhattacharyya's innovative, ecologically minded study takes the mobile character of the Bengal Delta as its central dynamic and aligns this with an unfolding narrative of land, law and profit … Bhattacharyya builds an effective lineage for modern India's 'technologies of property' and makes a case for Calcutta that is both unique and yet highly relevant to imperilled deltas and endangered wetlands around the globe.' David Arnold, The English Historical ReviewTable of ContentsIntroduction. Almanac of a tidal basin; Part I. Environmental Consolidations: 1. Power and silt; 2. Drying a delta; Part II. Legal Maneuvers: 3. Notarizing possessions; 4. Commerce in land; Part III. Un-real Estate: 5. Speculative properties; Conclusion: disappearing coastlines.

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Book SynopsisThis anthology surveys the ecological impacts of the First World War. Editors Richard P. Tucker, Tait Keller, J. R. McNeill, and Martin Schmidt bring together a list of experienced authors who explore the global interactions of states, armies, civilians, and the environment during the war. They show how the First World War ushered in enormous environmental changes, including the devastation of rural and urban environments, the consumption of strategic natural resources such as metals and petroleum, the impact of war on urban industry, and the disruption of agricultural landscapes leading to widespread famine. Taking a global perspective, Environmental Histories of the First World War presents the ecological consequences of the vast destructive power of the new weaponry and the close collaboration between militaries and civilian governments taking place during this time, showing how this war set trends for the rest of the century.Trade Review'Anyone who wants to learn about the global ecological catastrophe that the First World War precipitated must read this book. It is an eye-opener and a disturbing reminder that those who set the Great War in motion had no idea as to what they had let loose on the world.' Jay Winter, author of War beyond Words: Languages of Remembrances from the Great War to the Present'This exciting collection represents the best of the innovative new field of environmental history of war. Looking at the ways that the First World War impacted land, food, and animals it will give us new insights and fresh ways of thinking. This book will be a must read for those wishing to understand the war.' Michael S. Neiberg, author of The Path to War: How the First World War Created Modern America'The truly global coverage of this pioneering environmental perspective on the Great War breathes new life into the notion of 'total war' by venturing far beyond the battlefield and the hellish mud of the Western Front's trenches to investigate the feeding and fuelling of military support systems, and wider environmental transformations, from Austria-Hungary to Africa and Japan. This ambitious study of nature's mobilization stands out amidst the onslaught of new books accompanying the centenary.' Peter Coates, co-editor of Militarized Landscapes: From Gettysburg to Salisbury Plain'This collection of essays deserves a broad audience. The innovative studies not only enrich the literature on the First World War as a 'total' global conflict; they also present powerful evidence of the interpretive insights that await historians in the broader field in which environmental history and military history intersect.' Roger Chickering, author of Imperial Germany and the Great War, 1914–1918'This engaging collection represents a welcome addition to the previously neglected environmental history of World War I. Sharply written chapters focus on the mobilizing of food, oil, and other resources for war, while offering much needed coverage of the environmental consequences of World War I in Africa, the Middle East, and Asia. This book represents a vital contribution to the burgeoning literature on war and the environment.' Charles E. Closmann, author of War and the Environment: Military Destruction in the Modern Age'This is something truly new - a wonderful, global collection on one of the most important yet neglected topics in history: the legacy and impact of war on the environment. It brings together some of the best scholars in the field of World War I and environmental history and covers a dazzling array of topics.' Christof Mauch, Director, Rachel Carson Center for Environment and Society, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany'… [a] thoughtful and thought-provoking collection, highly recommended especially for public and college library World History or Environmental Studies collections.' Library Bookwatch'… delivers a comprehensive and much-needed analysis of the conquest of Central Asia and its place in the history of nineteenth-century global expansions.' Alex Souchen, War in History Book ReviewsTable of ContentsList of figures; List of tables; List of contributors; Acknowledgments; 1. Mobilizing nature for World War I: an introduction Tait Keller; Part I. Europe and North America: Battle Zones and Support Systems: 2. Beans are bullets, potatoes are powder: food as a weapon during World War I Alice Weinreb; 3. Dissolution before dissolution: the crisis of the wartime food regime in Austria-Hungary Ernst Langthaler; 4. The chemist's war: Edgewood Arsenal, World War I, and the birth of a militarized environment Gerard J. Fitzgerald; Part II. War's Global Reach: Extracting Natural Resources: 5. 'The mineral sanction': the Great War and the strategic role of natural resources Roy MacLeod; 6. Something new under the fog of war: World War I and the debut of oil on the global stage Dan Tamir; 7. World War I and the beginning of over-fishing in the North Sea Ingo Heidbrink; 8. The political and natural eco-footprint of World War I in East Asia: environments, systems building, and the Japanese Empire, 1914–23 Jack Patrick Hayes; Part III. The Middle East and Africa: Ecosystems, Refugees and Famine: 9. 'Make them hated in all of the Arab countries': France, famine and the creation of Lebanon Graham Auman Pitts; 10. Why are modern famines so deadly? World War I in Syria and Palestine Zachary J. Foster; 11. Starving for someone else's fight: World War I and food insecurity in the African Red Sea Region Steven Serels; 12. Forest policy, wildlife destruction, and disease ecologies: environmental consequences of World War I in Africa Thaddeus Sunseri; Part IV. The Long Aftermath: Environmentalism and Memory: 13. Disruption and reorganization: international preservation networks and World War I Raf De Bont and Anna-Katharina Wöbse; 14. Memories in mud: the environmental legacy of the Great War Frank Uekötter.

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Book SynopsisFollowing an overview of European nature conservation needs, legislation and strategies, twenty-six detailed country chapters by national experts provide a range of perspectives on what has been achieved over the last forty years. It describes, analyses and compares the differing approaches and actions involved, and draws lessons for the future.Table of Contents1. Introduction: aims, scope, structure and key information sources Graham Tucker; 2. Europe's nature and conservation needs Graham Tucker; 3. The international drivers of nature conservation, their objectives and impacts on nature conservation policies and actions in Europe David Stroud, Euan Dunn, Wyn Jones and Graham Tucker; 4. Nature conservation policy, legislation and funding in the EU Graham Tucker, Kaley Hart, Andrew Farmer, Euan Dunn and David Baldock; 5. Conclusions, lessons learnt and implications for the future Graham Tucker; 6. Austria Wolfgang Suske and Kathrin Horvath; 7. Belgium Els Martens and Jorge Ventocilla; 8. Republic of Bulgaria Boris Barov; 9. Republic of Croatia Jasminka Radović; 10. Cyprus Clairie Papazoglou and Andreas Demetropoulos; 11. The Czech Republic Petr Roth; 12. Denmark Anette Petersen and Jan Woollhead; 13. Estonia Aleksei Lotman and Silvia Lotman; 14. Finland Heikki Toivonen and Olli Ojala; 15. France Pierre Commenville; 16. Germany Eick von Ruschkowski; 17. Greece Ioli Christopoulou; 18. Hungary Katalin Sipos; 19. Ireland Andrew Jackson and Anja Murray; 20. Italy Elisa Cardarelli, Barbara Calaciura, Daniela Zaghi and Giuseppe Bogliani; 21. Latvia Otars Opermanis, Ilona Mendzina, Ainars Aunins and Inga Racinska; 22. Lithuania Rūta Baškytė and Žygimantas Obelevičius; 23. The Netherlands Erik Gerritsen; 24. Poland Paweł Pawlaczyk; 25. Portugal Ana Guimarães Ferreira and Domingos Leitão; 26. Romania Erika Stanciu, Ioan-Cristian Ioja, Mariana Tintarean and Mihai Pop; 27. Slovakia Viera Šefferová Stanová and Rastislav Rybanič; 28. Slovenia Peter Skoberne; 29. Spain Concha Olmeda and Juan Carlos Blanco; 30. Sweden Mats O. G. Eriksson and Mia Pantzar; 31. United Kingdom Graham Tucker, Wyn Jones, Susan Davies and Joan Edwards; Appendix; Index.

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Book SynopsisFollowing an overview of European nature conservation needs, legislation and strategies, twenty-six detailed country chapters by national experts provide a range of perspectives on what has been achieved over the last forty years. It describes, analyses and compares the differing approaches and actions involved, and draws lessons for the future.

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Book SynopsisAn essential introduction to the historical background, central concepts, and strategies of utilitarian, preservationist, and stewardship approaches to conservation, using a broad geographical and cultural scope. It explores the conservation of wild organisms and their ecosystems in ecological, historical, and cultural contexts.Table of ContentsPreface; Introduction: getting and evaluating information for making decisions about conservation; Part I. Maintaining Populations of Featured Species: A Utilitarian Approach to Conservation; 1. Historical context: beginnings of formal utilitarian conservation; 2. Central concepts: populations, succession and ecosystems; 3. Strategies: managing harvests and habitats for valued species; 4. Strategies: managing to minimize conflicts between pests and people; Part II. Protecting and Restoring Populations and Habitats: A Preservationist Approach to Conservation: 5. Historical context: rising concerns about human impacts; 6. Central concepts: evolution, adaptation and extinction; 7. Strategies: protecting and restoring species; 8. Strategies: protecting and restoring ecosystems; Part III. Promoting Biocultural Diversity and Resilience: A Stewardship Approach to Conservation; 9. Historical context: new opportunities and challenges; 10. Central concepts: complexity and change; 11. Strategies: stewardship to conserve complex, resilient ecosystems; 12. Strategies: stewardship to integrate conservation of biological and cultural diversity; Appendix: types of ecosystems; Bibliography; Index.

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Book SynopsisThe history of Alaska is filled with stories of new land and new riches -- and ever present are new people with competing views over how the valuable resources should be used: Russians exploiting a fur empire; explorers checking rival advances; prospectors stampeding to the clarion call of Gold!; soldiers battling out a decisive chapter in world war; oil wildcatters looking for a different kind of mineral wealth; and always at the core of these disputes is the question of how the land is to be used and by whom.While some want Alaska to remain static, others are in the vanguard of change. Alaska: Saga of a Bold Land shows that there are no easy answers on either side and that Alaska will always be crossing the next frontier.

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Book SynopsisThis practical, step-by-step introduction to environmental assessment examines EA tools, procedures, and methodology while taking into account both physical and human environments. With its interdisciplinary approach and extensive Canadian case studies, this text exposes students to EA at work in the real world.Trade ReviewConcise, relevant and well organized. This book is both approachable and thorough, a rare combination. It is definitely an improvement over an already good text in my opinion." * Ian Spooner, Acadia University *Established from the first edition as a solid guide to environmental assessment, this text has improved with each edition, and with the fourth edition (and added section on the federal Impact Assessment Act) it is up-to-date." * Thom Meredith, McGill University *Table of ContentsList of Boxes, Boxed Features, Figures, and Tables Preface Acknowledgements 1. Aims and Objectives of Environmental Assessment Introduction Environmental Assessment The EA Process Purpose and Objectives of EA Who's Who in the EA Process Getting the Big Picture Key Terms Review Questions and Exercises References 2. Environmental Assessment in Canada Overview of Environmental Assessment in Canada Provincial EA Systems Northern EA Origins and Development of EA in Canada Continuous Learning Process Key Terms Review Questions and Exercises References 3. Pre-project Planning and Public Engagement Introduction Roles and Responsibilities Project Need and Consideration of Alternatives Public Engagement Project Description Key Terms Review Questions and Exercises References 4. Determining the Need for Assessment Screening Screening Approaches Level of Assessment Required Screening and the Precautionary Principle Key Terms Review Questions and Exercises References 5. Scoping and Baseline Assessment Scoping Baseline Assessment Knowledge to Support Baseline Assessments Key Terms Review Questions and Exercises References 6. Impact Prediction and Characterization Impact Prediction Change and Project Effects What to Predict How to Predict Characterizing Predicted Impacts Addressing Uncertainty Key Terms Review Questions and Exercises References 7. Managing Project Impacts Impact Management Mitigation Hierarchy Checklist for Management Prescriptions Adaptive Management Creating and Enhancing Positive Impacts Key Terms Review Questions and Exercises References 8. Significance Determination Impact Significance Measurement and Meaning: Components of Significance Approaches to Significance Determination Key Principles for Determining Significance Key Terms Review Questions and Exercises References 9. Follow-Up and Monitoring Follow-Up Rationale for Post-decision Monitoring Effective Follow-Up and Monitoring Monitoring Methods and Techniques Key Terms Review Questions and Exercises References 10. Indigenous Consultation and Engagement Indigenous Engagement Duty to Consult Indigenous and Local Knowledge Systems Enduring Challenges to Indigenous Engagement Toward Meaningful Indigenous Engagement in EA Key Terms Review Questions and Exercises References 11. Cumulative Effects Assessment Cumulative Effects Assessing Cumulative Environmental Effects Regional Assessment Basic Science Components of a CEA Framework Governance for Cumulative Effects Management Key Terms Review Questions and Exercises References 12. Strategic Environmental Assessment Higher-Order Assessment Defining Strategic EA Origins and Evolution Foundational Principles of Strategic EA SEA Benefits SEA Design Enduring Challenges Key Terms Review Questions and Exercises References 13. Professional Practice and Ethics Professional Practice Ethical Conduct Key Terms Review Questions and Exercises References 14. Environmental Assessment Prospects References Glossary Index

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Book SynopsisSynthesizing theoretical and empirical analyses of the processes that help shape these unique ecosystems, Tropical Rainforests looks at the effects of evolutionary histories, past climate change, and ecological dynamics on the origin and maintenance of tropical rainforest communities. Australian contributors.

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Book SynopsisIn recent years, the concept of peak oil-the moment when global oil production peaks and a train of economic, social, and political catastrophes accompany its subsequent decline-has captured the imagination of a surprisingly large number of Americans, ordinary citizens as well as scholars, and created a quiet, yet intense underground movement. In Peak Oil, Matthew Schneider-Mayerson takes readers deep inside the world of peakists, showing how their hopes and fears about the postcarbon future led them to prepare for the social breakdown they foresee-all of which are fervently discussed and debated via websites, online forums, videos, and novels. By exploring the worldview of peakists, and the unexpected way that the fear of peak oil and climate change transformed many members of this left-leaning group into survivalists, Schneider-Mayerson builds a larger analysis of the rise of libertarianism, the role of oil in modern life, the political impact of digital technologies, the racial and

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Book SynopsisA practical, comprehensive textbook that uses active learning techniques to teach about the challenges and opportunities associated with urban sustainability.While the problem of urban sustainability has long been a subject of great scholarly interest, there has, until now, been no single source providing a multi-disciplinary, exhaustive view of how it can be effectively taught. Filling this gap, Our Urban Future uses active learning techniques to comprehensively relate the theory of urban sustainability and the what, why, and how of sustainable cities. This practical, pedagogically rich textbook concisely covers all the key subjects of the field, including ecosystem services and transects, the internal design and patterning of urban elements, how cities mitigate and adapt to climate change, and questions of environmental justice. It functions as both an illuminating roadmap and active reference to which any student

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"Three cheers for Richard Walker's The Country in the City, as one of the first efforts to bring together a community-scale history of environmental activism and politics . . . . There is a wealth of information here, particularly pinpointing some of the specific individuals who spearheaded various activist campaigns to improve the area's environment." * Journal of Regional Science *"The Country in the City clearly and concisely relates the story of a major environmental success. That this was achieved through the diligent efforts of a concerned population should give hope to other such populations nationwide." * California History *"Walker presents a highly readable case study of the San Francisco Bay Area. . . . An excellent book for all libraries, especially those with regional and environmentalist holdings. Highly recommended." * Choice *"The Country in the City is a masterful and much-needed chronicle of the Bay Area's diverse ecopolitical scene. It is a fruitful serendipity that such a rich and wonderful place has a scholar who, with intelligence and affection, can gracefully capture its green evolution." * Orion *"Walker makes our landscape come alive as the arena of an ongoing struggle to figure out how to live lightly and well in this remarkable corner of the planet." * Bay Nature *"Meticulously and succinctly, Walker recounts the early vision and the prolonged determination that resulted in our precious—- and all-too-rare—- situation. He guides the reader through the first stirrings of environmental consciousness, which soon were followed by struggles to set aside preserves, then forestall depredations, and finally establish benign public policies to guide development and land management. After reading this book, even those who already possess a green tinge in their thinking will understand the promise and peril of modern times as never before." * San Francisco Chronicle Outdoors *"Readers of The Country in the City will enjoy immersing themselves in the Bay Area's story. Readers will see that just as nature made this place, so did people— and it's up to people to keep doing so." * Greenbelt Alliance *"In The Country in the City, a history of local conservation and environmental activism, Walker delivers a deeply loving paean to this place where he grew up and has lived and worked and been a political activist all of his life." * San Francisco Chronicle Book Review *Table of ContentsForeword: Thinking Globally, Acting Locally / William Cronon Preface Abbreviations Introduction: Saving Graces 1. Out of the Woods: Stirrings of Conservation 2. Fields of Gold: Resources at Close Quarters 3. Moving Outdoors: Parks for the People 4. The Upper West Side: Suburbia and Conservation 5. The Green and the Blue: Saving the Bay and the Coast 6. Encounters with the Arch-Modern: Regional Planning and Growth Control 7. Fasten Your Greenbelt: Triumph and Trust Funds 8. Sour Grapes: The Fight for the Wine Country 9. Toxic Landscapes: Beyond Open Space 10. Green Justice: Reclaiming the Inner City Conclusion: City and Country Reconciled? Appendix Notes Bibliography Index

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Book Synopsis"A River Lost is superbly reported and written with clarity, insight, and great skill."—Washington Post Book WorldTrade Review"Harden's bold and well-supported commentary is a welcome addition to the literature of the majestic river."

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Book Synopsis"Superbly reported and written with clarity, insight, and great skill." —Washington Post Book WorldTrade Review"A hard-nosed, clear-eyed, tough-minded dispatch on the sort of contentious subject that is almost always distorted by ideology or obscured by a fog of sentiment . . . . A precise and brave book." -- Hal Espen - New York Times Book Review

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Book SynopsisWith food supplies tightening, countries are competing for the land and water resources needed to feed their people.Trade Review"One of the world’s most influential thinkers." -- Washington Post"Lester Brown is one of the pioneers and heroes of global environmentalism." -- E. O. Wilson

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Book SynopsisFeldman's comprehensive investigation and practical analysis bring new insight into the global and political challenges of preserving and managing one of the planet's most important resources.Trade ReviewThere are sure to be audiences receptive to the important messages contained. -- Linda Nowlan Alternatives Journal 2008 The book's comprehensive research and practical analyses bring new insight to the global and political challenges of preserving and managing one of the planet's most important resources. Abstracts of Public Administration, Development and Environment 2008 Highly recommended. Lower-division undergraduate through professional public policy collections. Choice 2008 An eclectic and engaging account... generally inspired and should be read with a note-taking pen in hand. -- Mark Zeitoun Environment and Planning C: Gov't and Policy 2008Table of ContentsPreface1. Water and Sustainability: Facing the Challenges2. U.S. and International Water Resource Management Efforts: Legacy and Lessons3. Five U.S. River Basin Initiatives: Case Studies in Search of Sustainable Development4. Water Quality and Quantity: The Critical Interface5. Toward Sound Ethical Alternatives for Water Resources Management6. Water Resources Management as an Adaptive ProcessAppendix: River Basin Initiative SurveyNotesBibliographyIndex

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Book SynopsisThis book details the Depression era history behind the simultaneous creations of the Civilian Conservation Corps and the Shawnee National Forest in southern Illinois, where enrollees at twenty-six camps worked on soil and forest conservation projects. A camp compendium provides photographs, the work history and company rosters of each camp.

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Book SynopsisThe tools of environmental economics guide policymakers as they weigh development against nature, present against future, and certain benefits against uncertain consequences. The policies and research findings explained in this textbook are relevant to decisions made daily by individuals, firms, and governments.This textbook offers instructors and students a user-friendly, relevant, and up-to-date introduction to these topics while covering recent advancements in the field and significant political and economic changes. The fifth edition has been thoroughly updated while retaining the story-based narratives and visual emphasis of previous editions, capturing studentsâ attention with full-color photos, graphs, and illustrations. It addresses the impact of changes in world leaders, national priorities, and international agreements along with key developments in the energy sector. These include the way hydraulic fracturing and the surging popularity of natural gas have revolutioTable of ContentsPart I Building a Foundation. 1. The Big Picture. 2. Efficiency and Choice. Appendix: Efficiency Criteria in Greater Detail. 3. Market Failure. 4. The Role of Government. 5. Trade-offs and the Economy. Part II Issues and Approaches. 6. Environmental Quality. 7. Energy. 8. Sustainability. 9. Population, Poverty, and Economic Growth. 10. Biodiversity and Valuation. 11. International and Global Issues. Part III Policy and Procedure. 12. Perspectives on Environmental Policy. 13. Natural Resource Management: Renewable Resources. 14. Natural Resource Management: Depletable and Replenishable Resources. Appendix: Intertemporal Allocation and Hotelling’s Rule. 15. Environmental Dispute Resolution. 16. Morals and Motivation

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Book SynopsisTells the story of Rocky Mountain in its brief tenure as a national park. This book includes the traces of human activity in the region and outlines the major events of exploration, settlement, and exploitation.

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Book SynopsisExamines and compares public policy performance across both state and national levels, explaining why state agencies excel at economic outputs and profitability, the management of land with state income in mind - while national agencies are stronger in citizen participation and the inarguably important role of environmental protection.Trade ReviewA concise and readable summary of the differences between federal and state forestry policies... A useful tool. Natural Resources Journal A timely and important book that makes an important contribution to the literature. Federalism in the Forest will be of particular interest to social scientists and policymakers interested in the federal nature of natural resource policy, and to those wondering about the consequences of devolving natural resource policy to state and local levels of government. Perspectives on PoliticsTable of ContentsPart One: Agency Policy Performance in a Federal System1. Does Devolution Matter 2. Comparing Four Forest Pairs Part Two: Differences in State and National Performance3. State Agency Strengths: Timber, Profits, and Revenue Sharing 4. Federal Agency Strength: Environmental Protection 5. Federal Agency Strength: Citizen Participation in Policy Processes Part Three: Explaining Bureaucratic Behavior in a Federal System6. Laws and Forest Plans 7. Budget Incentives 8. Beyond Elected Officials Part Four: Theoretical and Practical Implications9. Explaining Policy Performance Differences 10. Implications for Policy in a Federal System Appendix A. Methods Appendix B. Statistical Tests for State and Federal Differences

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Book SynopsisNovel Plant Bioresources: Applications in Food, Medicine and Cosmetics serves as the definitive source of information on under-utilized plant species, and fills a key niche in our understanding of the relationship of human beings with under-utilized plants.Table of ContentsList of contributors xiii Foreword xvii PART ONE NOVEL PLANT BIORESOURCES: APPLICATIONS IN MEDICINE, COSMETICS, ETC. 1 1 Plant Diversity in Addressing Food, Nutrition and Medicinal Needs 3 M.E. Dulloo, D. Hunter and D. Leaman 1.1 Introduction 3 1.2 Plant genetic resources for food and agriculture 7 1.3 Plant genetic diversity for nutrition 10 1.4 Plant diversity for medicines 14 2 World Health Organization Perspective for Traditional Medicine 23 Ossy M. J. Kasilo and Jean-Baptiste Nikiema 2.1 Introduction 23 2.2 Policies on traditional medicine 24 2.3 Tools and guidelines 24 2.4 Implementation of the regional strategy on traditional medicine 35 2.5 The way forward 40 2.6 Conclusion 41 3 Cultivation of Novel Medicinal Plant Products and Associated Challenges 43 Ulrich Feiter 3.1 Introduction 43 3.2 Basic principles of novel crop cultivation 43 3.3 Case study 1: Pelargonium sidoides 51 3.4 Case study 2: Sutherlandia frutescens 52 3.5 Case study 3: Euphorbia resinifera 54 3.6 Conclusion 55 4 Enabling Technologies to Facilitate Natural Product-Based Drug Discovery from African Biodiversity 57 Nyaradzo, T., L. Chigorimbo-Murefu, Grace Mugumbate and Kelly Chibale 4.1 Introduction 57 4.2 Enabling-technology platforms 59 4.3 Natural product diversification and drug metabolite generation platform 65 4.4 Conclusion 65 5 Assessing Biodiversity: A Molecular Approach Using DNA Sequencing 69 Yasmina Jaufeerally-Fakim 5.1 Introduction 69 5.2 Taxonomy and evolution 69 5.3 Assessing diversity 70 5.4 DNA sequencing and barcoding 73 5.5 Plant genomics 75 5.6 Analysis of marker data 79 6 Conservation of Endangered Wild Harvested Medicinal Plants: Use of DNA Barcoding 81 Sarina Veldman, Joseph Otieno, Barbara Gravendeel, Tinde van Andel and Hugo de Boer 6.1 Wild harvested medicinal plants: background and challenges 81 6.2 DNA barcoding general 82 6.3 DNA barcoding and species delimitation 82 6.4 DNA barcodes for plants 83 6.5 Examples of DNA barcoding of cryptic and prepared plant material 83 6.6 Plant DNA authentication, verification and certification 85 6.7 Future opportunities and challenges 85 7 Market Entry, Standards and Certification 89 Susan A. Wren 7.1 Sustainable utilization of indigenous plant products 89 7.2 Market entry 90 7.3 Certification 93 7.4 Developing indigenous plant-based enterprises as viable businesses with developing country communities 102 8 European Union Market Access Categories and Regulatory Requirements for Novel Natural Products 107 Thomas Brendler and L. Denzil Philipps 8.1 Introduction 107 8.2 Raw materials 107 8.3 Finished products 111 8.4 Summary 122 9 Nutrition, Health and Food Security: Evidence and Priority Actions 125 L. J. Ferrao and T. H. Fernandes 9.1 Introduction 125 9.2 Well-being and nutrition 125 9.3 Traditional food cultures 126 9.4 Nutrition in pregnancy and infancy 126 9.5 Health and nutrition education is central for development 127 9.6 Research and development 128 9.7 Role of agricultural growth on reducing poverty, hunger and malnutrition 128 9.8 Concluding remarks 129 PART TWO MEDICINE (PLANTS AS MEDICINE: HUMANS AND ANIMAL HEALTH) 131 10 Anticancer Potential of African Plants: The Experience of the United States National Cancer Institute and National Institutes of Health 133 John A. Beutler, Gordon M. Cragg, Maurice Iwu, David J. Newman and Christopher Okunji 10.1 Introduction 133 10.2 The United States National Cancer Institute programme 133 10.3 The International Cooperative Biodiversity Groups programme 139 10.4 Conclusions 145 11 Biodiversity as a Source of Potent and Selective Inhibitors of Chikungunya Virus Replication 151 Pieter Leyssen, Jacqueline Smadja, Philippe Rasoanaivo, Ameenah Gurib-Fakim, Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally, Bruno Canard, Jean-Claude Guillemot, Marc Litaudon and Francoise Gueritte 11.1 The epidemiology of chikungunya virus 151 11.2 The PHYTOCHIK programme for the discovery of natural compounds active against chikungunya virus 154 11.3 Euphorbiaceae, abundant source of anti-chikungunya virus compounds 157 11.4 Conclusion 159 12 Using African Plant Biodiversity to Combat Microbial Infections 163 J. N. Eloff and L. J. McGaw 12.1 Introduction and problem statement 163 12.2 Commercial use of African medicinal plants in the herbal medicine industry 164 12.3 Why is there such a difference in product development for antimicrobials versus other medicinal applications? 164 12.4 Methods used in developing useful products 164 12.5 Results of random screening of large number of species 167 12.6 Our approach to random screening 168 12.7 Activity of compounds isolated against Staphylococcus aureus 169 12.8 Discovering antifungal compounds from natural products 169 12.9 Review papers focusing on antimicrobial activity of plants from Africa 169 12.10 Promising new approaches 170 12.11 The potential of using African medicinal plants as extracts 170 12.12 Conclusions 171 13 Plant Medicines Used in the Treatment of Malaria 175 John R.S. Tabuti, Antonia Nyamukuru and Mohammed Lamorde 13.1 Introduction 175 13.2 Approach used in the review 175 13.3 Plant species commonly used to treat malaria in Uganda 176 13.4 Conclusions and recommendations 177 14 Multiple Anti-Infective Properties of Selected Plant Species from Zimbabwe 179 Rumbidzai Mangoyi, Tariro Chitemerere, Theresa Chimponda, Elaine Chirisa and Stanley Mukanganyama 14.1 Introduction 179 14.2 Preparation of plant extracts 181 14.3 Conclusions 188 15 Development of Phytodrugs from Indigenous Plants: The Mali Experience 191 Rokia Sanogo 15.1 Introduction 191 15.2 Development of new phytodrugs 198 15.3 Discussion 199 15.4 Conclusion 200 16 Healing Aloes from the Mascarenes Islands 205 Joyce Govinden-Soulange 16.1 Introduction 205 16.2 The Asphodelaceae 205 16.3 Prospects and research avenues 211 17 Pharmacological Activities of Some of the Neglected and Underutilized Tropical Plants in Malaysia 215 Z.A. Zakaria, F. Yahya, T. Balan, S.S. Mamat, R. Rodzi, F.H. Kamisan, C.A. Fatimah and A.L. Ibrahim 17.1 Introduction 215 17.2 Muntingia calabura 215 17.3 Dicranopteris linearis 218 17.4 Bauhinia purpurea 219 17.5 Melastoma malabathricum 222 17.6 Conclusion 224 18 Multiple Applications of Endophytic Colletotrichum Species Occurring in Medicinal Plants 227 Mahendra Rai, Gauravi Agarkar and Dnyaneshwar Rathod 18.1 Introduction 227 18.2 Diversity of endophytic Colletotrichum sp. in medicinal plants 228 18.3 Biomedical applications 228 18.4 Agriculture applications 231 18.5 Industrial applications 233 18.6 Perspectives 234 18.7 Conclusion 234 19 African Plants with Potential for Development into Ethnoveterinary Products 237 L.J. McGaw and J.N. Eloff 19.1 Introduction 237 19.2 What is ethnoveterinary medicine? 237 19.3 Ethnoveterinary medicine in Africa 238 19.4 African plants as sources of commercial remedies 255 19.5 Examples of African medicinal plants used for ethnoveterinary purposes with scope for commercialization 256 19.6 Toxicity 258 19.7 Conclusions 258 20 African Plant Biodiversity in Pest Management 263 S. N'Danikou, D.A. Tchokponhoue, C.A. Houdegbe and E.G. Achigan-Dako 20.1 Introduction 263 20.2 History of humans’ use of plant biodiversity in pest management 264 20.3 Methods and approaches in pest management 264 20.4 Research on plant use in pest management 266 20.5 Biodiversity of African plants used in pest management 267 20.6 Benefits of the use of plants in crop pest management 270 20.7 Limits of the study 270 20.8 Conclusion 270 21 Commercialization of Ethnoveterinary Botanical Products 285 David R. Katerere 21.1 Introduction 285 21.2 Therapeutic areas for ethnoveterinary applications 287 21.3 Conclusion 290 22 Plants Used for Pest Management in Malawi 295 Cecilia Maliwichi-Nyirenda, Lucy Lynn Maliwichi and John F. Kamanula 22.1 Introduction 295 22.2 Merits and demerits of pest management systems in Malawi 296 22.3 Plant species used in pest management 297 PART THREE FOOD (SPICES, FRUIT AND VEGETABLES, ETC.) 303 23 Aromatic Plants: Use and Nutraceutical Properties 305 Lucia Guidi and Marco Landi 23.1 Introduction 305 23.2 Mediterranean aromatic plants 307 23.3 Concluding remarks 325 24 'Let Your Food Be Your Medicine': Exotic Fruits and Vegetables as Therapeutic Components for Obesity and Other Metabolic Syndromes 347 Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally 24.1 Introduction 347 24.2 Obesity, diabetes and metabolic syndromes 347 24.3 Medicinal food plants against metabolic diseases 348 24.4 Conclusion 355 25 Strategic Repositioning African Indigenous Vegetables and Fruits with Nutrition, Economic and Climate Change Resilience Potential 361 M.O. Abukutsa-Onyango 25.1 Introduction 361 25.2 African indigenous vegetables and fruits 362 25.3 Strategic repositioning of indigenous vegetables and fruits in the horticulture 364 25.4 Concluding remarks 367 26 Hepatoprotective, Antiulcerogenic, Cytotoxic and Antioxidant Activities of Musa acuminata Peel and Pulp 371 Fatimah Corazon Abdullah, Lida Rahimi, Zainul Amiruddin Zakaria and Abdul Latif Ibrahim 26.1 Introduction 371 26.2 Hepatoprotective activity 373 26.3 Antiulcerogenic activity 377 26.4 Cytotoxic activity 379 26.5 Antioxidant activity 380 26.6 Conclusion 381 27 Plant Bioresources and their Nutrigenomic Implications on Health 383 Maznah Ismail and Mustapha Umar Imam 27.1 Introduction 383 27.2 Plant bioresources for health uses: beyond traditional uses 384 27.3 Bioactivity of plant bioresources: nutrigenomic implications 384 27.4 Potential implications of the rising trend in the use of plant bioresources for remedies 390 27.5 Conclusions 390 28 Safety of Botanical Ingredients in Personal Healthcare: Focus on Africa 395 R. Vihotogbe, C.N.A. Sossa-Vihotogbé and G.E. Achigan-Dako 28.1 Introduction 395 28.2 Safety in healthcare via food consumption 395 28.3 Medicinal plants in healthcare 396 PART FOUR COSMETICS (INCLUDING DYES, AROMAS) 409 29 Aromatic and Medicinal Plants in North Africa: Opportunities, Constraints and Prospects 411 Mohamed Ghanmi, Abderrahman Aafi, Badr Satrani, Mohamed Aberchane, Abderrahim Khia and Salah Eddine Bakkali Yakhlef 29.1 Introduction 411 29.2 Aromatic and medicinal plants in North Africa: a snapshot on the countries of the Maghreb (Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia) 411 29.3 Aromatic and medicinal plants in North Africa: overview and prospects 413 29.4 Aromatic and medicinal plants in Morocco: opportunities, constraints and prospects 413 29.5 Development of the aromatic and medicinal plants sector in Morocco: the strategy adopted 415 29.6 Research conducted in the field of aromatic and medicinal plants: achievements and prospects 415 29.7 Medicinal and aromatic plants in Algeria 417 29.8 Medicinal and aromatic plants in Tunisia 418 29.9 Molecular techniques as tools for conservation and valorization of aromatic and medicinal plants 418 29.10 Sector of aromatic and medicinal plants in North Africa: prospects 421 30 Development of Natural Cosmeceuticals: Harnessing Asia's Biodiversity 425 Azila Abdul-Aziz, Mariani Abdul Hamid, Norhayati Mohammad Noor, Harisun Yaakob, Rosnani Hasham and Mohamad Roji Sarmidi 30.1 Introduction 425 30.2 Mangosteen: a 'fruity' depigmenting agent 425 30.3 Ficus deltoidea: the ‘golden’ treasure from nature 426 30.4 Labisia pumila: Malaysia’s queen of herbs 427 30.5 Andrographis paniculata: a ‘bitter’ therapy for the skin 428 30.6 Centella asiatica: herbs' jack of all trades 429 30.7 Future trends 429 31 Unique Bioresources from Ethiopia for Food, Medicine and Cosmetics 433 E. Dagne 31.1 Introduction 433 31.2 Boswellia species (Burseraceae), etan (Amharic) 433 31.3 Catha edulis (Celastraceae), khat 433 31.4 Coffea arabica (Rubiaceae), buna (Amharic) 434 31.5 Commiphora myrrha (Burseraceae), kerbe (Amharic) 435 31.6 Croton macrostachyus (Euphorbiaceae), bissana (Amharic) 435 31.7 Echinops kebericho (Asteraceae), kebericho (Amharic) 435 31.8 Ensete ventricosum (Musaceae), enset (Amharic) 436 31.9 Eragrostis tef (Poaceae), tef (Amharic) 436 31.10 Hagenia abyssinica (Rosaceae), koso (Amharic) 438 31.11 Moringa stenopetala (Moringaceae), shiferaw (Amharic) 438 31.12 Nigella sativa (Ranunculaceae), tikur azmud (Amharic) 439 31.13 Phytolacca dodecandra (Phytolaccaceae), endod (Amharic) 439 31.14 Sorghum bicolor (Poaceae), mashla (Amharic) 439 31.15 Taverniera abyssinica (Leguminosae), dingetegna (Amharic) 440 31.16 Civettictis civetta: source of civet zebad (Amharic) 440 31.17 Conclusion 440 32 Aromatic Plants from Reunion Island (France) 443 Anne Bialecki and Jacqueline Smadja 32.1 Introduction 443 32.2 Aromatic plant production: economic data 443 32.3 Extraction techniques used in Reunion Island 444 32.4 Analysis of essential oils and plant headspace in the Chemistry Laboratory of Natural Substances and Food Sciences 445 32.5 Identification of volatile compounds at the Chemistry Laboratory of Natural Substances and Food Sciences 446 32.6 Conclusion 451 33 Anti-Parasitic Activity of Essential Oils and their Active Constituents against Plasmodium, Trypanosoma and Leishmania 455 Joanne Bero, Salomé Kpoviessi and Joëlle Quetin-Leclercq 33.1 Introduction 455 33.2 Essential oils 455 33.3 Compounds isolated from essential oils 460 33.4 Discussion and conclusion 460 34 Metabolomic Analysis of a Commercially Important Aromatic Plant from the Indian Ocean: Vanilla planifolia 471 Tony L. Palama 34.1 Introduction 471 34.2 Vanilla description 471 34.3 Vanilla metabolomics 473 34.4 Other future prospects 475 34.5 Conclusions 476 35 Natural Dyes for Photonics Applications 479 M. Maaza 35.1 Introduction 479 35.2 Nonlinear optical properties of natural dyes: X(3) and optical limiting applications 479 35.3 Linear optical properties of natural dyes: Gratzel dye solar cells 485 35.4 Conclusion 491 36 The Host Innate Immune Response to Propionibacterium acnes and the Potential of Natural Products as Cosmeceutical Agents 495 Marco Nuno de Canha, Smeetha Singh and Namrita Lall 36.1 The skin and its function 495 36.2 The impact of skin disorders with focus on acne 495 36.3 Propionibacterium acnes: is it the culprit? 495 36.4 Acne vulgaris (acne) 496 36.5 The activation of innate and adaptive immune system 497 36.6 The host immune response to infection by Propionibacterium acnes 498 36.7 Conventional treatments available for acne vulgaris 499 36.8 Potential of natural products to treat acne vulgaris 500 36.9 The importance of the emergence of plant life on Earth 501 36.10 A proposed stepwise approach from plant extract to cosmeceutical product 501 37 New Natural Aromatic Products: Search, Evaluation and the Development Issues 507 Murray Hunter 37.1 Introduction 507 37.2 The family of natural aromatic extracts 507 37.3 The search and screening process 508 37.4 Sources of potential plant opportunity identification 509 37.5 The characteristics and classification of natural aromatic materials 510 37.6 Evaluating the characteristic strengths and weaknesses of natural aromatic materials 512 37.7 The development issues 512 37.8 Conclusion 522 Index 525

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Book SynopsisWith the health of the world's oceans threatened as never before, it is becoming increasingly apparent that Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) play a vitally important role in protecting marine and coastal habitats. Management of Marine Protected Areas: A Network Perspectivedraws on the results of a major EU-sponsored research project related to the establishment of networks of MPAs in the Mediterranean and Black Seas that transpired from February 2011 to January 2016. Featuring contributions by leading university- and national research institute-based scientists, chapters utilize the latest research data and developments in marine conservation policy to explore issues related to ways in which networks of MPAs may amplify the effectiveness and conservation benefits of individual areas within them. Topics addressed include the broader socio-economic impacts of MPAs in the Mediterranean and Black Seas; the use of Marine Spatial Planning (MSP) to resolve conflicts between mariTable of ContentsList of Contributors vii Foreword xi Editor’s Preface xv 1 From Marine Protected Areas to MPA Networks 1Ferdinando Boero 2 Ecological Effects and Benefits of Mediterranean Marine Protected Areas: Management Implications 21Antoni Garcia‐Rubies, Emma Cebrian, Patrick J. Schembri, Julian Evans and Enrique Macpherson 3 Typology, Management and Monitoring of Marine Protected Area Networks 49Stephen Beal, Paul D. Goriup and Thomas Haynes 4 Marine Protected Area Governance and Effectiveness Across Networks 69Nigel Dudley and Marc Hockings 5 Marine Protected Areas as Spatial Protection Measures under the Marine Strategy Framework Directive 89Daniel Braun 6 Socioeconomic Impacts of Networks of Marine Protected Areas 103Elena Ojea, Marta Pascual, David March, Isabella Bitetto, Paco Melià, Margaretha Breil, Joachim Claudet and Anil Markandya 7 Multi‐criteria Decision‐Making for Marine Protected Area Design and Management 125Paco Melià 8 Ecosystem‐Based Management for Marine Protected Areas: A Systematic Approach 145Rafael Sardá, Susana Requena, Carlos Dominguez‐Carrió and Josep Maria Gili 9 Developing Collaboration among Marine Protected Area Managers to Strengthen Network Management 163Chloë Webster 10 Eyes Wide Shut: Managing Bio‐Invasions in Mediterranean Marine Protected Areas 18Bella Galil 11 Marine Protected Areas and Marine Spatial Planning, with Special Reference to the Black Sea 207Eva Schachtner 12 Black Sea Network of Marine Protected Areas: European Approaches and Adaptation to Expansion and Monitoring in Ukraine 227Boris Alexandrov, Galina Minicheva and Yuvenaliy Zaitsev 13 Prospects for Marine Protected Areas in the Turkish Black Sea 247Bayram Öztürk, Bettina A. Fach, Çetin Keskin, Sinan Arkin, Bülent Topaloğlu and Ayaka Amaha Öztürk 14 Marine Protected Areas and Offshore Wind Farms 263Natalie Sanders, Thomas Haynes and Paul D. Goriup Index 281

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Book Synopsis* Ecosystem goods and services provide mankind with most necessities of life and survival * Addresses the hitherto under-estimation of Ecosystem Services in farmland, forestry and cities * Explores developing concepts, policies and methods of evaluating ecosystem services in engineered systems .Trade Review“In summary, I think that this book is a useful addition to the literature. . . Thus, I would recommend this book to economists, policy makers, land managers and students wanting to get a relatively clear and concise overview on the key aspects of ES.” (Australian Journal of Agricultural & Resource Economics, 8 January 2014) “This book is an introductory text that will be useful to students and researchers from a broad range of fields. What I do like and thoroughly enjoyed about this book is that it demonstrates the multiple facets or faces of ecosystem services and the benefits humans derive from them.” (Restoration Ecology, 1 September 2013)Table of ContentsContributors xi Reviewers xiv Foreword xv Introduction xviSteve Wratten, Harpinder Sandhu, Ross Cullen and Robert Costanza Part A: Scene Setting 1 1 Ecosystem Services in Farmland and Cities 3Harpinder Sandhu and Steve Wratten Abstract 3 Introduction 4 What are ecosystem services? 4 Ecosystem functions, goods and services 5 The ES framework 6 Engineered systems 7 Agricultural systems 7 Urban systems 10 ES and their interactions in engineered systems 11 2 Ecological Processes, Functions and Ecosystem Services: Inextricable Linkages between Wetlands and Agricultural Systems 16Onil Banerjee, Neville D. Crossman and Rudolf S. de Groot Abstract 16 Introduction 17 Linking ecosystem function with ecosystem service 18 Wetlands 19 Wetland functions 20 Wetland–agricultural systems interactions 22 Some research challenges 24 Understanding complexity and resilience 24 Trade-offs 25 3 Key Ideas and Concepts from Economics for Understanding the Roles and Value of Ecosystem Services 28Pamela Kaval and Ramesh Baskaran Abstract 28 How can ecosystem services be valued? 28 Ecosystem service valuation methodologies 31 Revealed preference methods 32 Stated preference methods 32 Other methods 33 How ecosystem services have been measured in the past 34 Ecosystem service valuation study recommendations 37 Conclusions 39 Part B: Ecosystem Services in Three Settings 43 4 Viticulture can be Modified to Provide Multiple Ecosystem Services 45Sofia Orre-Gordon, Marco Jacometti, Jean Tompkins and Steve Wratten Abstract 45 Introduction 45 Enhancing CBC in vineyards 46 Leafrollers and Botrytis cinerea in the vineyards 48 Habitat modification to enhance naturally occurring pest control 48 Floral resource supplementation as a form of habitat modification 48 Mulch application as a form of habitat modification 49 Combining two forms of habitat modification 51 The deployment of herbivore-induced plant volatiles as a form of habitat modification 51 Habitat modification may provide further ecosystem services 52 The future 55 5 Aquaculture and Ecosystem Services: Reframing the Environmental and Social Debate 58Corinne Baulcomb Abstract 58 Introduction 58 Aquaculture and the environment 59 A typology of aquaculture operations and the link to ecosystem services 60 Inland production systems 64 Overview 64 Case study 1: hypothetical integrated agriculture–aquaculture carp polyculture 65 Case study 2: hypothetical inland marine shrimp cultivation 68 Marine and coastal-based production systems 71 Overview 71 Case study 3: hypothetic nearshore, intensive and raft-based shellfish cultivation 72 Case study 4: hypothetical ‘best-case’ offshore aquaculture cultivation 75 The value of a complementary life-cycle approach 75 Conclusion 77 6 Urban Landscapes and Ecosystem Services 83Jürgen Breuste, Dagmar Haase and Thomas Elmqvist Abstract 83 Growing urban landscapes 83 The process of urbanization 83 Urbanization, biodiversity and ecosystems 86 Urbanization and management of ecosystems – challenges 86 Urban ecosystem services 87 What are urban ecosystem services? 87 Classification of UES 88 Land use – basic information on human influence on ecosystem services 88 Urban green – carrier of UES 89 Types of urban green space 89 Recreation 90 Climate regulation 91 Biodiversity 94 Carbon mitigation 95 Rapid growth of soil sealing – destruction of UES and its avoidance 95 Climate change – challenges for UES 97 Increase in temperature 98 Precipitation 99 Sea level rise 100 UES in urban landscape planning 100 Part C: Measuring and Monitoring Ecosystem Services at Multiple Levels 105 7 Scale-dependent Ecosystem Service 107Yangjian Zhang, Claus Holzapfel and Xiaoyong Yuan Abstract 107 Introduction 107 Scale 108 Ecosystem service is scale dependent 108 The ecosystem beneficiary is scale dependent 109 Ecosystem service measurement is scale dependent 109 Ecosystem service management decision making is scale dependent 112 Ecosystem service types 112 Ecosystem service studies need to consider scale 113 Case studies 114 Liberty State Park Interior 115 Qinghai-Tibet plateau 117 Conclusions 118 8 Experimental Assessment of Ecosystem Services in Agriculture 122Harpinder Sandhu, John Porter and Steve Wratten Abstract 122 Introduction 122 ES in agroecosystems 123 Provisioning goods and services 124 Supporting services 124 Regulating services 124 Cultural services 124 Field-scale assessment of ES 127 The combined food and energy system 128 New Zealand arable farmland 129 Scenarios of production and ES in agroecosystems 131 The ethnocentric systems 131 The technocentric systems 131 The ecocentric systems 131 The ecotechnocentric systems 132 The sustaincentric systems 132 Conclusions 133 Part D: Designing Ecological Systems to Deliver Ecosystem Services 137 9 Towards Multifunctional Agricultural Landscapes for the Upper Midwest Region of the USA 139Nicholas Jordan and Keith Douglass Warner Abstract 139 Introduction 139 Multifunctional agroecosystems 140 Re-designed agricultural landscapes for the Upper Midwest 141 Moving forward on design and implementation of multifunctional landscapes for the Upper Midwest 142 Theory of change: a social–ecological system model for increasing multifunctionality of agricultural landscapes 143 Focal level: enterprise development via ‘virtuous circles’ 143 Subsystem level: collaborative social learning for multifunctional agriculture 147 Supersystem level: re-visioning the social metabolism of American agriculture 148 Applying the theory of change: the Koda Energy fuelshed project 149 Enterprise development 150 Agroecological partnership 152 Re-shaping public opinion and policy 153 Conclusions 153 10 Supply Chain Management and the Delivery of Ecosystems Services in Manufacturing 157Mary Haropoulou, Clive Smallman and Jack Radford Abstract 157 Towards the sustainable economic production of goods and services? 158 Ecological economics and supply chain management: a review and synthesis 158 Conventional economic and ecologically economic production 158 Conventional SCM: economic efficiency through distribution network configuration and strategy 160 Green SCM: the economic inefficiency of waste 161 Sustainable SCM: connecting social, economic and ecological performance 162 Enabling ecological economics: SSCM 163 A case in point: ‘what do we do with it now?’ 165 WYM background 166 The economic production of wool yarn 167 Goods 168 Wastes 169 Ecological services and amenities 169 Natural capital 169 Human capital 171 Social capital 173 Manufactured capital 174 Community and individual well-being 175 Discussion 175 Conclusion 176 11 Market-based Instruments and Ecosystem Services: Opportunity and Experience to Date 178Stuart M. Whitten and Anthea Coggan Abstract 178 Introduction 179 Market-based instruments: definition and preconditions 180 Types of MBIs 180 Examples of MBIs for ecosystem services 184 Price-based MBIs 184 Quantity-based MBIs 186 Market friction MBIs 188 The brave new world of ecosystem markets 189 Designing effective MBIs 189 Where to next in the brave new world of markets for ecosystem services? 190 Epilogue: Equitable and Sustainable Systems 194Steve Wratten, Harpinder Sandhu, Ross Cullen and Robert Costanza Index 196

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Book SynopsisOffers fresh analysis and insight into: fundamental shifts in the global energy balance; the revolution in shale gas and oil; new energy frontiers, from ultra deepwater to the Arctic; the rising agenda of safety concerns across the energy complex; energy poverty; and infrastructure for modernizing power grids.Table of ContentsForeword by James R. SchlesingerForeword by Richard G. LugarForeword by Jane HarmanAcknowledgementsAbbreviationsIntroduction Part I: The Global FrameworkChapter 1. The Global Energy OutlookChapter 2. Energy Security MarketsChapter 3. The Gas PromiseChapter 4. Valuing Safety Even When the Market Doesn't NoticeChapter 5. OPEC: can the Cartel Survive Another 50 Years?Chapter 6. Energy Sector Governance in the 21st Century Commentary on Part IPart II: Europe, Eurasia, and the Arctic Chapter 7. European Gas Supply Security: Unfinished BusinessChapter 8. Russia and EurasiaChapter 9. The Arctic: Promise or Peril?Commentary on Part IIPart III: The Middle East and Africa Chapter 10. Iraq, Iran, and the Gulf RegionChapter 11. North Africa and the MediterraneanChapter 12. Sub-Saharan AfricaCommentary on Part IIIPart IV: The Pacific RimChapter 13. China, India, and Asian EnergyChapter 14. Japan, Southeast Asia, and AustraliaCommentary on Part IVPart V: The Western Hemisphere Chapter 15. North AmericaChapter 16. Latin AmericaCommentary on Part VPart VI: Toward a New Energy Security StrategyChapter 17. Technology Development and Energy SecurityChapter 18. Electricity Access in Emerging MarketsChapter 19. Governance, Transparency, and Sustainable DevelopmentChapter 20. Managing Strategic ReservesChapter 21. Energy, Environment, and Climate: Framework and TradeoffsChapter 22. National Security, Energy, Climate Change: New Paradigm; New Strategy; New GovernanceChapter 23. The Challenge of PoliticsCommentary on Part VIConclusion. Energy, Security and Foreign PolicyAbout the Contributors Index

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Book SynopsisA deep and timely account of how American newspapers were produced and distributed on paper. Winner of the Best Book in Canadian Business History by the Canadian Business History AssociationPopular assessments of printed newspapers have become so grim that some have taken to calling them dead tree media as a way of invoking the medium's imminent demise. There is a literal truth hidden in this dismissive expression: printed newspapers really are material goods made from trees. And, throughout the twentieth century, the overwhelming majority of trees cut down in the service of printing newspapers in the United States came from Canada. In Dead Tree Media, Michael Stamm reveals the international history of the commodity chains connecting Canadian trees and US readers. Drawing on newly available corporate documents and research in archives across North America, Stamm offers a sophisticated rethinking of the material history of the printed newspaper. Tracing its industrial production from Trade ReviewA fascinating narrative about newsprint that encompasses the history of journalism, trade relations, and industrial capitalism in twentieth-century North America . . . [Stamm's] research is impressive and the portrayal of McCormick's empire enthralling.—Charlotte Gray, Literary Review of CanadaDead Tree Media: Manufacturing the Newspaper in Twentieth-Century North America, the inaugural winner of the Canadian Business History Association's Best Book in Canadian Business History, demonstrates that the industry built to deliver the product of dead trees hot off the presses onto citizens' doorsteps — just to keep them informed of the daily news — at one time unleashed massive economic and industrial disruption of its own.—Financial PostHistorians of the newspaper business fixate on press coverage of a certain event, or on how a publisher's ideology shaped a paper. The historian Michael Stamm upends traditional approaches to the newspaper business. Rather than focus on its public face, he explores its connections to global supply chains, international trade relations, regional economic development, and other issues that seem worlds apart from the blaring headlines.—David Welky, University of Central Arkansas, Journal of American HistoryTable of ContentsAcknowledgments Note to the Reader Introduction: What Was a Newspaper? Part I. The North American NewspaperChapter 1. The Making of Industrial Print Culture Chapter 2. Forests, Trade, and Empire Chapter 3. The Continental Newsprint Market and the Perils of Dependency Part II. Extending ChicagolandChapter 4. The Local Newspaper as International Corporation Chapter 5. Robert McCormick and the Politics of Planning Chapter 6. Work and Culture along the Newsprint Supply Chain Part III. The Newspaper beyond the Printed PageChapter 7. The Diversified Newspaper Corporation Chapter 8. The Industrial Newspaper and Its Legacies Chapter 9. The Problem of Paper in the Age of Electronic Media Conclusion. Media Infrastructures, Old and New Notes Index

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Book SynopsisOil pulses through our daily lives. It is the plastic we touch, the food we eat, and the way we move. Oil politics in the twentieth century was about the management of abundance, state power, and market growth. The legacy of this age of plenty includes declining conventional oil reserves, volatile prices, climate change, and enduring poverty in many oil-rich countries. The politics of oil are now at a turning point, and its future will not be like its past. In this in-depth primer to one of the world’s most significant industries, authors Gavin Bridge and Philippe Le Billon take a fresh look at the contemporary political economy of oil. Going beyond simple assertions of peak oil and an oil curse, they point to an industry reordered by global shifts in demand toward Asia, growing reliance on unconventional reserves, international commitments to reduce carbon emissions, a growing campaign for fossil fuel divestment, and violent political struggles in many producer states. As a new geopolitics of oil emerges, the need for effective global oil governance becomes imperative. Highlighting the growing influence of civil society and attentive to the efforts of firms and states to craft new institutions, this fully updated second edition identifies the challenges and opportunities to curtail price volatility, curb demand and the growth of dirty oil, decarbonize energy systems, and improve governance in oil-producing countries.Trade Review“The new edition of Oil is the best available guide to the new geopolitics of hydrocarbons.”Michael Ross, University of California Los Angeles “This trenchant analysis shows how intimately intertwined oil has become with everyday life and offers compelling reasons why things need to change. Essential reading for anyone wishing to learn more about one of society’s favorite fossil fuels.”Benjamin Sovacool, University of SussexTable of ContentsContents List of Figures, Tables, and Boxes Acknowledgments Introduction 1 The Nature of a Political Resource 2 Capturing Oil 3 Marketing Oil 4 Living With Oil 5 Securing Oil 5 Developing Through Oil 6 Governing Oil 8 Better and Beyond: The Future of Oil Notes Selected Readings Index

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Book SynopsisA seasoned travel writer and adventurer journeys on foot through the various landscapes of our energy past and our energy future, from Maine to California

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