Environmental law Books

Book SynopsisThis thoroughly updated and revised second edition combines practical and theoretical analyses to cover a wide array of cutting edge issues in international environmental law (IEL). The Research Handbook provides a comprehensive view of the complexity of IEL, both as a field in its own right, and as part of the wider system of international law.Expert contributors examine the key theories and concepts of IEL governance and provide an in-depth analysis of IEL principles, supplemented in this new edition by a consideration of the significant actors involved in international environmental law-making and governance. Chapters go on to discuss practical issues, such as dispute settlement and compliance, and analyse selected environmental protection regimes, as well as including a brand new section covering IEL litigation in relation to human rights and climate change.Providing a thorough examination of the major topics in the field, this Handbook will be an indispensable resource for scholars and students of international environmental law. Practitioners and policymakers will also find it useful for its coverage of developments in environmental litigation and the actors involved.Table of ContentsContents: Preface xi PART I THEORIES, CONCEPTS AND ACTORS OF INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL LAW AND GOVERNANCE 1 Actors and law-making in international environmental law 2 Mark A. Drumbl and Kateřina Uhlířová 2 Participation of non-State actors and global civil society in international environmental law-making and governance 46 Otto Spijkers 3 Corporate responsibility for environmental harm 63 Markos Karavias 4 International framework for environmental decision-making 84 Geir Ulfstein 5 An introduction to ethical considerations in international environmental law 107 Alexander Gillespie PART II PRINCIPLES OF INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL LAW 6 Sustainable development 131 Duncan French 7 The principles of prevention and precaution in international law: two heads of the same coin? 152 Nicolas de Sadeleer 8 Environmental impact assessment 189 Olufemi Elias and Meagan Wong 9 Common but differentiated responsibilities 210 Philippe Cullet PART III DISPUTE SETTLEMENT AND COMPLIANCE 10 Settlement of international environmental law disputes 231 Natalie Klein and Danielle Kroon 11 Environmental disputes in the WTO 260 Joanna Gomula 12 Compliance procedures and mechanisms 294 Gerhard Loibl PART IV HUMAN RIGHTS AND CLIMATE CHANGE 13 International climate law 322 Marie-Aure Perreaut Revial 14 Human rights and the environment: substantive rights 345 Karen Morrow 15 Domestic climate litigation’s turn to human rights and international climate law 368 Marlies Hesselman 16 Environmental protection in armed conflict 394 Karen Hulme and Doug Weir PART V SELECTED ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION REGIMES 17 The relationship between the law of international watercourses and sustainable development 415 Malgosia Fitzmaurice and Virginie Barral 18 International chemicals and waste management 443 Katharina Kummer Peiry 19 Environmental protection in the Antarctic and the Arctic: the role of international law 461 Kees Bastmeijer and Rachael Lorna Johnstone Index

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Book SynopsisThe Encyclopedia of Global Environmental Governance and Politics surveys the broad range of environmental and sustainability challenges in the emerging Anthropocene and scrutinizes available concepts, methodological tools, theories and approaches, as well as overlaps with adjunct fields of study.This comprehensive reference work, written by some of the most eminent academics in the field, contains 68 entries on numerous aspects across 7 thematic areas, including concepts and definitions; theories and methods; actors; institutions; issue-areas; cross-cutting questions; and overlaps with non-environmental fields. With this broad approach, the volume seeks to provide a pluralistic knowledge base of the research and practice of global environmental governance and politics in times of increased complexity and contestation.Providing its readers with a unique point of reference, as well as stimulus for further research, this Encyclopedia is an indispensable tool for anyone interested in the politics of the environment, particularly students, teachers and researchers.Contributors: K.W. Abbott, C. Adelle, L. Andonova, S. Andresen, W.F. Baber, K. Bäckstrand, R.V. Bartlett, I. Baud, S. Bauer, S. Beck, M. Beisheim, D. Benson, S. Bernstein, K. Biedenkopf, F. Biermann, K. Booth, U. Brand, P.-O. Busch, S. Chan, K. Chelminski, J. Clapp, D. Compagnon, D. Cordell, V. Cornelissen, E. Dellas, S. Dietz, R. Eckersley, R. Floyd, D.J. Frank, V. Galaz, K. Genskow, S. Godin-Beekman, A. Gupta, J. Gupta, R. Haluza-DeLay, A. Hironaka, M. Isailovic, M. Ivanova, A. Jerneck, K. Jönsson, A. Jordan, S. Karlsson-Vinkhuyzen, M. Kok, A. Kronsell, M. Lang, S. Lim, J. Lister, K. Magyera, A. Mert, D. Moran, G. Nagtzaam, T. Nielsen, M. Nilsson, C. Okereke, T. Oliver, L. Olsson, P.H. Pattberg, J. Pinkse, A. Prakash, O. Renn, K. Rosendal, M.A.F. Ros-Tonen, D. Rothe, E. Schofer, B. Siebenhüner, N. Simon, J. Stel, H. Stevenson, O.S. Stokke, K. Szulecki, M.W.Tvedt, A. Underdal, T. Van de Graaf, D. Van Vuuren, P. Vellinga, P. Wapner, E. Weinthal, J. Wettestad, S. White, O. Widerberg, F. ZelliTrade Review'The Encyclopedia of Global Environmental Governance and Politics is an indispensable resource for researchers and students of global environmental governance. With balance and precision, entries by world-leading experts catalogue existing knowledge as well as offer new insights into the concepts, theories, institutions, and actors shaping core debates and issues.' --Peter Dauvergne, University of British Columbia, Canada'The Encyclopedia of Global Environmental Governance and Politics provides a comprehensive starting-point for understanding the complex and contested nature of global environmental governance. Pattberg and Zelli have assembled an impressive array of contributions written by leading scholars in their fields. The superbly edited volume provides an indispensable knowledge base for understanding - and tackling - the environmental challenges of the emerging Anthropocene.' --Robert Falkner, London School of Economics and Political Science, UK and editor, Handbook of Global Climate and Environment Policy'This volume offers a balanced and differentiated perspective and review of the most relevant issues, methodologies, theories and trends in the study of global environmental governance and politics. In 68 key entries leading scholars introduce, explain and discuss systematically the main concepts, the most important findings and the future outlook. An indispensable compendium for scholars, students, practitioners and libraries engaged in environmental politics and governance around the world.' --Arthur P.J. Mol, Wageningen University, the NetherlandsTable of ContentsContents: Preface PART I CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS 1. Anthropocene and Planetary Boundaries Victor Galaz 2. Consumerism Jane Lister 3. Earth System Governance Frank Biermann 4. Environment and Nature Paul Wapner 5. Global Environmental Governance Philipp Pattberg and Oscar Widerberg 6. Inclusive Development Joyeeta Gupta, Vincent Cornelissen and Mirjam A.F. Ros-Tonen 7. Liberal Environmentalism and Governance Norms Steven Bernstein 8. Risk Ortwin Renn 9. Sustainable Development Joyeeta Gupta and Isa Baud PART II THEORIES AND METHODS 10. Constructivism and Sociological Institutionalism Gerry Nagtzaam 11. Cost-Benefit Analysis Simon Dietz 12. Deep Ecology Kate Booth 13. Deliberative Policy Analysis Hayley Stevenson 14. Feminism Annica Kronsell 15. Governmentality Delf Rothe 16. Integrated Assessment Modelling Detlef van Vuuren and Marcel Kok 17. Neo-Gramscianism Chukwumerije Okereke 18. Neoliberal Institutionalism Thijs Van de Graaf 19. Qualitative Comparative Analysis Olav Schram Stokke and Arild Underdal 20. Quantitative Comparative Analysis Sijeong Lim and Aseem Prakash 21. Simulations Walter F. Baber and Robert V. Bartlett 22. Teaching Global Environmental Governance Maria Ivanova 23. World Society David John Frank, Ann Hironaka and Evan Schofer PART III ACTORS 24. Civil Society Karin Bäckstrand 25. European Union Camilla Adelle, David Benson and Andrew Jordan 26. Individuals Tom Oliver 27. International Bureaucracies Bernd Siebenhüner 28. Media Marija Isailovic 29. Private Sector Jonatan Pinkse 30. Religious Movements Randolph Haluza-DeLay 31. Scientists and Experts Silke Beck 32. States Daniel Compagnon 33. United Nations Liliana Andonova and Kathryn Chelminski PART IV INSTITUTIONS 34. Clubs Sylvia Karlsson-Vinkhuyzen 35. International Organizations Steffen Bauer 36. Mega-Conferences Sander Chan 37. Private Environmental Governance Philipp Pattberg and Marija Isailovic 38. Public-Private Partnerships Ayşem Mert 39. Regimes Eleni Dellas PART V ISSUE AREAS 40. Air Pollution Jørgen Wettestad 41. Arctic Oscar Widerberg 42. Biological Diversity Kristin Rosendal and Morten Walløe Tvedt 43. Biosafety and Genetically Modified Organisms Aarti Gupta 44. Chemicals Nils Simon 45. Climate Change Pier Vellinga 46. Desertification Steffen Bauer 47. Fisheries and Whaling Olav Schram Stokke 48. Forestry and Land Use Tobias Nielsen 49. Hazardous Waste Katja Biedenkopf 50. Ocean Space Jan Stel 51. Ozone Depletion Sophie Godin-Beekmann 52. Phosphorus Dana Cordell and Stuart White 53. Renewable Energy Kacper Szulecki 54. Water Erika Weinthal 55. Wetlands Kenneth Genskow and Kyle Magyera PART VI CROSS-CUTTING QUESTIONS AND EMERGING TOPICS 56. Effectiveness Steinar Andresen 57. Environmental Policy Diffusion Per-Olof Busch 58. Environmental Policy Integration Camilla Adelle and Måns Nilsson 59. Green Economy Ulrich Brand and Miriam Lang 60. Institutional Fragmentation Fariborz Zelli 61. Millennium Development Goals and Sustainable Development Goals Marianne Beisheim 62. Orchestration Kenneth W. Abbott PART VII BORDERS AND INTERLINKAGES 63. Agriculture Dominic Moran 64. Food Jennifer Clapp 65. Health Kristina Jönsson 66. Poverty Anne Jerneck and Lennart Olsson 67. Security Rita Floyd 68. Trade Robyn Eckersley Index

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Book Synopsis'James R. May and Erin Daly, household names in global environmental constitutionalism, have produced a magnum opus on human rights and the environment. An encyclopedia studded with precious research, analysis and wisdom from eminent voices from all over the world. The timing of the publication is auspicious. It coincides with the first ever Report of the UN Secretary General on International Environmental Law towards a Global Pact for the Environment. The encyclopedia is a must have for all students and scholars of human dignity and sustainable development, and particularly for those that will, hopefully, craft the Global Pact for the Environment into hard law on the model of the International Covenants on Human Rights.'- Parvez Hassan, IUCN World Commission on Environmental Law and Pakistan Environmental Law Association'Is the Environment about the birds and the bees, the flowers and the trees? Or is It about the vital organs of Life on Earth - the Land, Air, and Waters? (LAW). This marvelous work by James R. May and Erin Daly, and the contributors, world champions of the human right to Life and to the Sources of Life, could not be more timely. When we finally understand that the Environment is Life itself, then we will truly care for the LAW of Life that Human Rights and the Environment envelops.'- Antonio Oposa, Jr., Litigator, Educator, Organizer and Activist Much has been written, discussed, advocated and litigated about human rights and the environment over the last two decades. With 45 structured entries from a global collection of expert scholars, this volume of the Elgar Encyclopedia of Environmental Law provides an authoritative source of reference and features new commentary on the role of the rule of law in responding to the variegated impacts of environmental challenges on the human condition.This comprehensive volume offers fresh perspectives to the conversation by focusing especially on four subjects that shed new light on the subject of environmental human rights: the challenges of identifying the fundamental legal sources for the protection of human rights and the environment, the recognition of the indivisibility of human rights and environmental law, the centrality of the right to human dignity as the lodestar of human rights law, and the uniqueness of geographic particularities. Fundamentally, the entries demonstrate that there is much to do, learn and share on this vital topic.Offering thoughtful critical perspectives on a timely subject, this volume will be an essential resource for academics and students, as well as policymakers and practitioners.Contributors include: S. Adelman, N. Ahuja, C. Anant Malviya, A. Awal Khan, L. Benjamin, D. Bonilla Maldonado, R. Bratspies, C. Bruch, M. Burger, C. Butler, A. Carlson, C. Cournil, P. Coventry, E. Daly, K. Davies, R. Dhingra, R.J. Donato Quan, E. Gebre, C. Guneratne, A.M. Hammadeen, B. Hudson, C. Iorns Magallanes, V. Karageorgou, A. Kariuki, A. Kenmogne Simo, J.H. Knox, G.J. Kounga, A. Kreilhuber, S. Lamdan, R. Libel Waldman, K.E. Makuch, S.-J.-T. Manga, P. Martin, J.R. May, A. Mboya, S.O. McKenzie, M.A. Mekouar, D. Misiedjan, E. Mrema, R. Mwanza, D.S. Olawuyi, N. Osborne, O.W. Pedersen, J. Pendergrass, M.-C. Petersmann, M. Prieur, S.R. Rajan, L. Reins, J.M. Rivero Godoy, D.N. Scott, A. Solntsev, M. Stevenson, D.B. Suagee, A. Thomas, S.J. Turner, G. Van Hoorick, L. Vandenhende, J. Wentz, W. Yun SantosoTrade Review‘This book demonstrates the rapidly changing nature of law and the environment in the new millennium and the dynamic capacity for moulding and reshaping legal concepts to enhance environmental protection. It provides an authoritative collection of scholarship that offers new perspectives on human rights and the environmen. This book is quite simply a work that postgraduate students, seasoned academics, judges and jurists will return to as a source of information and imagination.’ -- Trevor Daya-Winterbottom, Waikato Law Review‘James R. May and Erin Daly, household names in global environmental constitutionalism, have produced a magnum opus on human rights and the environment. An encyclopedia studded with precious research, analysis and wisdom from eminent voices from all over the world. The timing of the publication is auspicious. It coincides with the first ever Report of the UN Secretary General on International Environmental Law towards a Global Pact for the Environment. The encyclopedia is a must have for all students and scholars of human dignity and sustainable development, and particularly for those that will, hopefully, craft the Global Pact for the Environment into hard law on the model of the International Covenants on Human Rights.’ -- Parvez Hassan, IUCN World Commission on Environmental Law and Pakistan Environmental Law Association‘Is the Environment about the birds and the bees, the flowers and the trees? Or is It about the vital organs of Life on Earth – the Land, Air, and Waters? (LAW). This marvelous work by James R. May and Erin Daly, and the contributors, world champions of the human right to Life and to the Sources of Life, could not be more timely. When we finally understand that the Environment is Life itself, then we will truly care for the LAW of Life that the Encyclopedia volume on Human Rights and the Environment envelops.’ -- Antonio Oposa, Jr., Litigator, Educator, Organizer and Activist'James R. May and Erin Daly have curated a highly original analysis of Human Rights and the Environment through the lenses of legality, indivisibility, dignity and geography. The stellar array of authors offer their insights into the intersections between Human Rights and Environmental Constitutionalism, climate change, gender, property, water, biodiversity, energy and Indigenous rights, to mention a few. The intercontinental reach of the contributions is unique. The editors and contributors are to be congratulated on bringing this impressive and timely encyclopaedia to fruition.' --Rosemary Lyster, University of Sydney, Australia'James R May and Erin Daly set out to create an 'encyclopedia' of human rights and the environment, and a stellar encyclopedic effort is what they have delivered. Divided into four major analytical parts covering the field, the May and Daly tome includes 44 contributions by world leading authorities. The volume is designed to not only capture the essence of the entries, but also to move our thinking forward - something vital in this important emerging area of law.' --Donald K Anton, Griffith Law School, Australia'This excellent volume is highly recommended to everyone interested in human rights and environment and human rights in general. The authors, who are the leading experts in their fields offer challenging insights into human rights and the environment. This publication is especially timely after the seminal 2017 Advisory Opinion of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights on the extraterritorial application of environmental human rights. Although much has been written and debated about human rights and the environment, this encyclopedia has adopted a novel and original approach offering new insights into the debate by analyzing four subjects, which approach environmental human rights from different perspectives. Its analytical focus is on four overarching themes: the challenges of identifying the fundamental legal sources for the protection of human rights and the environment (legality), the recognition of the indivisibility of human rights and environmental law (indivisibility), the centrality of the right to human dignity as the lodestar of human rights law (dignity), and the uniqueness of geographic particularities (geography). I have no doubt that this volume of the encyclopedia, will be a very significant contribution to further development of knowledge in the field of environmental human rights due to its novel and challenging approach.' --Malgosia Fitzmaurice, Queen Mary, University of London, UKTable of ContentsContents: Introduction: New Dimensions in Human Rights and the Environment James R. May and Erin Daly PART I LEGALITY 1. Advancing Human Rights through the Environmental Rule of Law Naysa Ahuja, John Pendergrass, Arnold Kreilhuber, Elizabeth Mrema and Carl Bruch 2. The United Nations Mandate on Human Rights and the Environment John H. Knox 3. An International Covenant on the Right of Human Beings to the Environment Michel Prieur, Mohamed Ali Mekouar and Erin Daly 4. New Frontiers in Environmental Constitutionalism: Environmental Rule of Law and the Sustainable Development Goals Arnold Kreilhuber and Angela Kariuki 5. In Defense of Constitutionalizing Environmental Rights Rosemary Mwanza 6. Human Rights Developments in Global Environmental Constitutionalism James R. May and Erin Daly 7. Human Rights and Human Benefits: the Implementation Gap Paul Martin 8. Sovereignty and Environmental Human Rights Sam Adelman 9. The Human Right to Environmental Information Rebecca Bratspies and Sarah Lamdan 10. Implementing Human Rights-Related Environmental Principles with e-Technology Innovation Under the Aarhus Convention Sylvestre-José-Tidiane Manga 11. Access to Justice in Environmental Matters: Recent Developments at International and Regional Level and the Repercussions at the National Level Vasiliki (Vicky) Karageorgou PART II INDIVISIBILITY 12. Indivisibility of Human and Environmental Rights Erin Daly and James R. May 13. Identifying Legal Claims to Human Rights and the Environment S. Ravi Rajan, Kirsten Davies and Catherine Iorns Magallanes 14. Climate Change and Human Rights Michael Burger and Jessica Wentz 15. Climate Change, Mobility, Law and Human Rights Christel Cournil and Emnet Gebre 16. Protecting The Right to Food When Implementing Climate Change Mitigation Strategies in Developing Countries Philip Coventry 17. Human Rights And the Gender Dynamics of Climate Change Ryan Jeremiah Donato Quan 18. Sustainability and Environmental Human Rights Chetna Anant Malviya and Ricardo Libel Waldman 19. Moral Limitations on Property Rights in the United States as Human Rights Blake Hudson 20. Land Use Restrictions and the Right to Property Geert Van Hoorick and Lise Vandenhende 21. Conflicts between Environmental Protection and Human Rights Marie-Catherine Petersmann 22. Biodiversity and Human Rights Wahyu Yun Santoso 23. The Rights of Nature and a New Constitutional Environmental Law Daniel Bonilla Maldonado PART III DIGNITY 24. Environmental Dignity Rights Erin Daly and James R. May 25. The Human Right to Water Daphina Misiedjan and Scott O. McKenzie 26. The Human Right to Landscape Michel Prieur 27. Understanding the Nexus of Environment, Energy and Human Rights Leonie Reins 28. Business Practices, Human Rights and the Environment Stephen Turner 29. Environmental Rights of Children Karen E. Makuch 30. Indigenous Peoples and Environmental Rights Alexander Solntsev 31. Indigenous Peoples and Conservation of Biodiversity Ritu Dhingra 32. Human Rights Based Environmental Remedy for Allotment Era Legacy in Indian Country Dean B. Suagee 33. Human Rights to the City: Urban Ecologies and Indigenous Justice Natalie Osborne, Anna Carlson & Chris Butler 34. Environmental Justice and the Hesitant Embrace of Human Rights Dayna Nadine Scott PART IV GEOGRAPHY 35. European Court of Human Rights and Environmental Rights Ole W. Pedersen 36. Vida Digna and Environmental Human Rights in the Inter American System Juan Manuel Rivero Godoy 37. Human Rights and the Environment in the Middle East and North African Region: Trends, Limitations and Opportunities Damilola S. Olawuyi 38. Non-Economic Losses and Human Rights in Small Island Developing States Lisa Benjamin, Adelle Thomas and Michael Stevenson 39. The Effectiveness of Access Rights in Sri Lanka in Issues of Environment and Development Camena Guneratne 40. Human Rights and Climate Change Displaced People: Bangladesh Perspective Md Abdul Awal Khan 41. Evaluation of Human Rights and the Environment in Jordan Aisa M. Hammadeen 42. Human Rights and Environmental Justice in Development Projects in Central Africa: from the Pipeline Chad-Cameroon to the Mbalam-Nabéba Iron Ore Project Guy Jules Kounga and Alain Kenmogne Simo 43. Human Vulnerability and Environmental Rights: The Endorois Welfare Council v. Kenya Case Atieno Mboya Samandari 44. Legal Personality for the Environment in Aotearoa New Zealand Catherine Iorns Magallanes Index

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Book SynopsisChina is the largest greenhouse gas emitter in the world and also suffers from devastating climate catastrophes. Increasingly, policymakers in China have come to realize that government alone cannot adequately prevent or defray climate-related disaster risks. This book contends that a better way to manage catastrophe risk in China is through private insurance rather than directly through the Chinese government. In addition, private insurance could function as a substitute for, or complement to, government regulation of catastrophe risks by causing policyholders to take greater precautions to reduce climate change risks. This book's unique contribution lies in explaining how private sector insurance could be harnessed to better protect China from climate change risks, addressing the shortcomings in China's private sector when it comes to the incentive and capacity to provide catastrophe insurance. Following the dual principles of insurers acting as private risk regulators and the government acting as a last resort, this book proposes a multi-layered public-private catastrophe insurance partnership in China. It uses a thorough combination of law and economics methodology to analyze these issues. Researchers, academics, and journalists writing on climate change in China will have a strong interest in this book, as will practitioners and policy-making bodies, Chinese government officials and agencies in insurance, finance and environmental regulation, private lawyers, private insurers, and global reinsurers.Table of ContentsContents: Introduction 1. Climate change, catastrophe risk, and government stimulation of the insurance market—a study of transitional China 2. Climate change, and financial instruments to cover disasters: What role for insurance in transitional China? 3. Mitigation of climate-change risks and regulation by insurance 4. Regulation by catastrophe insurance: a comparative study 5. Regulation by government-sponsored reinsurance in catastrophe management 6. Innovations in insurance markets and securitization of catastrophe risk: experiences and lessons to learn 7. Roadmap for transitional reform in China Index

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Book SynopsisHow should we strike a balance between the benefits of centralized and local governance, and how important is context to selecting the right policy tools? This uniquely broad overview of the field illuminates our understanding of environmental federalism and informs our policy-making future.Professor Kalyani Robbins has brought together an impressive team of leading environmental federalism scholars to provide a collection of chapters, each focused on a different regime. This review of many varied approaches, including substantial theoretical material, culminates in a comparative analysis of environmental federalism and consideration of what each system might learn from the others.The Law and Policy of Environmental Federalism includes clear descriptive portions that make it a valuable teaching resource, as well as original theory and a depth of policy analysis that will benefit scholars of federalism or environmental and natural resources law. The value of its analysis for real-world decision-making will make it a compelling read for practitioners in environmental law or fields concerned with federalism issues, including those in government or NGOs, as well as lobbyists.Contributors: W.L. Andreen, N. Behnke, S. Bhat, W.W. Buzbee, A.E. Carlson, K.H. Engel, A. Eppler, R. Fowler, R.L. Glicksman, K.H. Hirokawa, B. Hudson, A. Kaswan, A.B. Klass, K. Robbins, J. Rosenbloom, E. Ryan, J.A. Wentz, H. WisemanTrade Review'While much of the debate about federalism in environmental law has been focused on pollution laws in the United States, this book covers the full range of environmental issues and looks beyond US borders. The Law and Policy of Environmental Federalism makes it clear that the previous focus on pollution laws provided only a partial glimpse of the federalism issues.' --Daniel Farber, University of California, Berkeley, US'This book is an extraordinary piece of scholarship by top experts in the field. It challenges conventional assumptions concerning environmental federalism and offers new insights into the effects of law and policy on intergovernmental relations. The book explores how climate change is posing novel challenges to federal/state relations and it provides valuable comparative perspectives based on experience in other countries.' --Robert V. Percival, University of Maryland, Francis King Carey School of Law, USTable of ContentsContents: Introduction Kalyani Robbins PART I MAJOR UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL STATUTES 1. Debunking revisionist understandings of environmental cooperative federalism: collective action responses to air pollution Robert L. Glicksman and Jessica A. Wentz 2. Dynamic federalism and the Clean Water Act: completing the task William L. Andreen 3. CERCLA, federalism, and common law claims Alexandra B. Klass and Emma Fazio PART II REGULATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES 4. . Fragmented forest federalism Blake Hudson 5. Coordinating the overlapping regulation of biodiversity and ecosystem management Kalyani Robbins 6. Evolving energy federalism: current allocations of authority and the need for inclusive governance Hannah J. Wiseman PART III CLIMATE CHANGE AND FEDERALISM 7. Climate federalism, regulatory failure and reversal risks, and entrenching innovation incentives William W. Buzbee 8. The enigma of state climate change policy innovation Kirsten H. Engel 9. Cooperative federalism and adaptation Alice Kaswan PART IV THEORIES OF DIFFUSE REGULATORY POWER 10. Reverse preemption in federal water law Ann E. Carlson 11. The cost of federalism: ecology, community, and the pragmatism of land use Keith H. Hirokawa and Jonathan Rosenbloom PART V COMPARING INTERNATIONAL REGIMES 12. The Australian experience with environmental federalism – constitutional and political perspectives Robert Fowler 13. German environmental federalism in the multi-level system of the European Union Nathalie Behnke and Annegret Eppler 14. The paradox of environmental federalism in India Sairam Bhat PART VI CONCLUDING THOUGHTS 15. Environmental federalism’s tug of war within Erin Ryan Index

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Book SynopsisThis timely book provides a critical examination of the ways in which tax expenditures can be best used in order to enhance their efficacy as instruments for the implementation of environmental policy. Examining the capacity and limits of tax expenditures in financing environmental policy, Hope Ashiabor considers their use in various contexts and policies in order to clearly establish the common threads as well as any deviations that have emerged. The book outlines how, when used in environmental policy either to provide preferences to certain activities or to address the challenges of environmental degradation, the management of tax expenditures invariably results in unintended consequences that manifest in negative environmental outcomes and economic inefficiencies. It also examines some of the challenges encountered in re-structuring subsidies that have become environmentally harmful. Tax Expenditures and Environmental Policy will be of great interest to students and scholars in both tax and environmental law. It will also offer an essential tool for policy makers and practitioners through its focus on policy design and its doctrinal analysis.Trade Review‘Ashiabor’s book provides an informative read for all of those interested in the role of tax policies in fostering environmental protection.’ -- Alice Pirlot, British Tax Review'The concept of ''tax expenditures'' as coined by Stephen Surrey in 1967 and its role for environmental protection is the topic of this refreshing book, which investigates policymakers' inclinations for making stealth disbursements by offering opportunities for reductions in tax payments. Hope Ashiabor's savvy and sobering analysis unveils how tax expenditures permeate market transactions everywhere, from vehicle purchases to clean-tech development. Although distorting to the visions of internalizing the costs of pollution through taxation, his profound analysis of the realities is nevertheless comforting.' --Mikael Skou Andersen, Aarhus University, Denmark'A very useful resource for people interested in how tax expenditures send environmentally positive and negative signals-and the policy merits of tax expenditures more broadly. Addressing theory and practice, Professor Ashiabor engagingly tackles an important topic.' --Janet E. Milne, Vermont Law School, US'Professor Ashiabor has written a thorough analysis of the use of tax expenditures in an environmental policy context. The analysis is richly illustrated with many interesting examples, spanning half a century, building on an in-depth review of relevant literature. The book clearly emphasises the practical difficulties in designing well-working tax expenditures, and the many political economy issues that they raise.' --Nils Axel Braathen, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and DevelopmentTable of ContentsContents: 1. The Extensive Use of Tax and Direct Expenditures Over Fiscal and Market Instruments in Environmental Policy 2. Tax Expenditures – Their Origins, Nature, and Issues 3. The Environmental Policy Context: Issues and Challenges 4. Financing Innovation and Deployment of Cleantech Through Tax and Direct Expenditures 5. Financing Environmental Expenditures through the Earmarking of Taxes and Charges 6. Restructuring Environmentally Harmful Transport Subsidies: A Case Study of Employee Car Benefits 7. Conclusion Index

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Book SynopsisThis discerning book examines the challenges, opportunities and solutions for courts adjudicating on environmental cases. It offers a critical analysis of the practice and judgments of courts from various representative and influential jurisdictions. Through the analysis and comparison of court practices and case law across global domestic courts as varied as the National Green Tribunal in India, the Land and Environment Court in Australia, and the District Court of The Hague in the Netherlands, the expert contributors bring together a wealth of knowledge in order to enhance mutual learning and understanding towards an environmental rule of law. In doing so, they illustrate that courts play a vital role in the formation and crystallization of rulings and decisions to protect and conserve the environment. Ultimately, they prove that there are many lessons to be learnt from other legal systems in seeking to maintain and enhance the environmental rule of law. Contemporary and global in scope, Courts and the Environment is essential reading for scholars and students of environmental law, as well as judges, legal practitioners and policymakers interested in understanding the legal challenges to and the legal basis for protecting environmental values in courts. Contributors: A. Bengtsson, L. Butterly, O. Chornous, T. Daya-Winterbottom, Y.K. Dewi, G.E.K. Dzah, H.S. Ferreira, R. Guidone, D. Hodas, A. Jayadi, S. Jolly, H. Jonas, A. Kennedy, N. Kichigin, E. Lamprea, M.A. Leon Moreta, B Liu, Z. Makuch, P. Martin, R.L.M. Mendes, N.H.T. Nam, A.M. Páez, R. Pepper, B. Preston, N. Robinson, D.A. Serraglio, O. Spijkers, C. Voigt, Z. ZhangTrade Review'This book is a survival tool for judges who are increasingly required to respond to legal action meant to protect the earth from the existential threat to human civilization posed by global warming. Christina Voigt and Zen Makuch have assembled authors who affirm that there is no greater force to protect Earth and its habitants than the environmental rule of law.' --Michael D. Wilson, Hawaii Supreme Court, US'From pioneers to latecomers, the role of Courts in relation to environmental protection has oscillated in ways that make their overall contribution difficult to assess. This book is a significant addition to the mapping and stock-taking effort. It shows that, in practice, Courts are indeed playing a very important role in adapting legal systems to the need to conserve the environment.' --Jorge E. Viñuales, University of Cambridge, UKTable of ContentsContents: Part I Conceptualizing the Role of Courts in Protecting the Environment 1. The Nature of Courts Nicholas Robinson 2. Bridging the Gap Between Aspiration and Outcomes: The role of the Court in ensuring Ecologically Sustainable Development Brian Preston, Paul Martin and Amanda Kennedy 3. The Legitimate Role of Rights-Based Approaches to Environmental Conflict Resolution Trevor Daya-Winterbottom Part II Taking the Lead: The Court as Trailblazer for Environmental Protection 4. Ghana’s Courts and Environmental Rule of Law Godwin E. K. Dzah 5. Activities of the Brazilian Judiciary Aimed at Combating Global Warming in the Amazon and Cerrado Biomes Heline Sivini Ferreira, Diogo Andreola Serraglio and Rullyan Levi Maganhati Mendes 6. Procedural and Substantive Innovations Propounded by the Indian Judiciary in Balancing the Protection of Environment and Development: A Legal Analysis Stellina Jolly and Zen Makuch Part III Access to Justice for the Environment 7. Inviting Civil Society to the Table: The Case of the African Commission Nora Ho Tu Nam 8. Collective Environmental Litigation in Colombia: An Empirical Assessment Everaldo Lamprea and Angela M. Páez 9. Are Courts Colour Blind to Country? Indigenous Cultural Heritage, Environmental Law and the Australian Judicial System Lauren Butterly and Rachel Pepper 10. What Chinese Courts Could Learn From the U.S.A.: The Approach of Public Interest Litigation Under the New China Environmental Protection Law Zhuoxian Zhang 11. Protection of Environmental Rights of Citizens in the Courts of Kazakhstan, Russia and Ukraine Oleksandra Chornous and Nicolay Kichigin Part IV Courts in Action 12. The Challenge of Bringing Transnational Corporations to Justice for Environmental Damage: A Case Study of Texaco Oil Company and Chevron vs Lago Agrio Plaintiffs María Augusta León Moreta and Gloria Bingyu Liu 13. Enhancing Corporate Responsibilities to Fulfill the Right to a Clean Environment: Lessons Learned from Indonesian Courts Yetty Komalasari Dewi and Anbar Jayadi 14. The Urgenda case: A Successful Example of Public Interest Litigation for the Protection of the Environment? Otto Spijkers 15. U.S.A. Climate Change Adjudication: The Epic Journey from a Petition for Rulemaking to National Greenhouse Gas Regulation David Hodas 16. A Review of Environmental Courts and Tribunals for Civil Society Organisations and the Judiciary Ria Guidone and Holly Jonas 17. Swedish Environmental Courts – Specialized Civil and Administrative Courts Anders Bengtsson Index

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Book SynopsisClimate change is causing a geological transition, defining a new era in which the Earth System is configured through human action. The emergence of a global polity through physical, economic and social interaction demands a global response to this phenomenon which cannot be modelled on traditional political and legal concepts centred around the nation-state. This Research Handbook explores the implementation of climate constitutionalism on a global scale, considering both language and substance in order to design adequate normative patterns for addressing climate change. Against the narrative of the Anthropocene and its implications for the law, carefully curated chapters provide a critical approach to global environmental constitutionalism, analysing the problems of sustainability and global equity that are so necessarily intertwined with the causes and consequences of climate change. Recognising the adaptation and mitigation demands implied by climate change, this astute Handbook explores how to develop constitutional discourses and strategies to address these issues, and thereby tackle the negative effects of climate change whilst also advancing a more sustainable, equitable and responsible global society. Timely and engaging, this Research Handbook will prove vital reading for students and scholars of environmental, constitutional and administrative law and policy. Climate change practitioners, policy makers and activists will also find its insights highly informative. Contributors include: S. Atapattu, S. Borràs, K. Bosselmann, E. Cocciolo, G.M. Cuadros, E. Daly, P. de Araujo Ayala, B.H. Desai, R.J. Heffron, A. Hornborg, J. Jaria-Manzano, L.J. Kotzé, J.R. May, D. McCauley, K. Morrow, M. Powers, J.M. Pureza, B.K. Sidhu, A. SindenTrade Review'Anyone concerned about an orderly and principled human response to the planetary consequences of climate change will find guidance and insight in this collection of engaged essays ranging from conceptual perspectives on global governance and justice through to practical and institutional analysis of the ongoing transition in energy systems.' --Jamie Benidickson, University of Ottawa, CanadaTable of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction to the Research Handbook on Global Climate Constitutionalism Jordi Jaria-Manzano and Susana Borràs 2. The Anthropocene Challenge to our Worldview Alf Hornborg 3. Law in the Anthropocene Jordi Jaria-Manzano 4. A global environmental constitution for the Anthropocene’s climate crisis Louis J. Kotzé 5. The Atmosphere as a Global Commons Klaus Bosselmann 6. Global environmental constitutionalism as a constitutionalism of the Earth José Rubens Morato Leite and Patryck de Araujo Ayala 7. Global Constitutionalism as an Ambivalent Script José Manuel Pureza 8. The Fragility of Climate, Human Responsibility and Finding the Impetus to Act Decisively―Investigating the Potential of the Ethics of Care Karen Morrow 9. A Human Rights Framework for the Anthropocene Amy Sinden 10. Climate Change as a Common Concern of Humankind. Some Reflections on International Law-making Process Bharat H. Desai and Balraj K. Sidhu 11. Environmental Rights, Responsibility and Care: A New Constitutional Paradigm Gregorio Mesa Cuadros 12. Environmental Justice, Climate Justice and Constitutionalism: Protecting Vulnerable States and Communities Sumudu Attapatu 13. Climate Migration, Gender and Poverty Susana Borràs 14. Global Climate Constitutionalism and Justice in the Courts James R. May and Erin Daly 15. Energy Transition: Reforming Social Metabolism Melissa Powers 16. Capitalocene, Thermocene and the Earth System: Global law and Connectivity in the Anthropocene Age Endrius Cocciolo 17. Beyond Energy Justice: Towards a Just Transition Raphael Heffron and Darren McCauley 18. Conclusion: Exploring a Constitution for the Climate Jordi Jaria-Manzano Index

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Book SynopsisIn the last twenty years the biofuels industry has developed rapidly in many regions of the world. This timely book provides an in-depth and critical study of the law and policies in many of the key biofuels producing countries, such as Brazil, China and the US, as well as the EU, and a number of other countries where this industry is quickly developing. Drawing on a range of disciplines, the contributors examine the roles of the public and private sectors in the governance of biofuels. They discuss topics such as sustainability and biofuels, and provide a critical review of regulatory regimes for biofuels. They conclude by proposing recommendations for more effective and efficient biofuel policies.Academics working in the area of renewable energy and students in environmental law will find this book to be of interest. It will also be of use to policy makers around the world looking to learn from various existing regimes.Contributors: G. Berndes, M. Brandão, A. Cowie, A. Cowie, K.S. Dahmann, J. De Beer, O. Englund, L.B. Fowler, A. Genest, L. Guo, M.-H. Labrie, Y. Le Bouthillier, E. Le Gal, O.J. Lim Tung, W.E. Mabee, F. Maes, L.D. Malo, M. Mansoor, P. Martin, H. Mcleod-Kilmurray, M.J.F. Montefrio, B.E. Olsen, R.O. Owino, P. Pereira De Andrade, M. Powers, A. Rønne, P.M. Smith, T. Smith, S. Soimakallio, I. Stupak, V.M. Tafur, A.R. TaylorTrade Review'As a reference for law and policy in a much wider range of countries than just the usual three, it has notable value.' --International Energy Law ReviewTable of ContentsContents: PART I SUSTAINABILITY AND BIOFUELS 1. Environmental Risks and Opportunities of Biofuels Annette Cowie, Alan Cowie, Sampo Soimakallio and Miguel Brandáo 2. The Roles of Public and Private Governance in Promoting Sustainable Bioenergy Oskar Englund and Göran Berndes 3. Confronting the “Unproductive” Upland Discourses in Biofuels Development in the Philippines Marvin Joseph F. Montefrio PART II CRITICAL REVIEW OF REGULATORY REGIMES FOR BIOFUELS 4. Biofuels’ Legal and Political Framework in Brazil : A Critical Review Through a Sustainable Development Lens Priscila Pereira de Andrade 5. United States Law and Policy and the Biofuel Industry Kristina S. Dahmann, Lara B. Fowler and Paul M. Smith 6. Lessons from US Biofuels Policy: The Renewable Fuels Standard's Rocky Ride Melissa Powers 7. The EU Legal Regime for Biofuels Birgitte Egelund Olsen and Anita Ronne 8. Belgian and French Biofuel Support Measures in Light of Argentina’s Challenge under the WTO Subsidies Agreement Alexandre Genest 9. The Current Legal Framework on Biofuels in China Lei Guo and Frank Maes 10. Biofuel Policy in Columbia: Strong Fiscal Incentives but Weak Environmental and Social Standards Victor M. Tafur 11. Agro-fuel Law and Policy in East Africa: Assessing Avenues for Sustainability Robert Omondi Owino 12. Biofuels, GMOs and Food Security: The South African Legal and Policy Framework Odile Juliette Lim Tung PART III BIOFUELS GOVERNANCE AND THE ROLES OF PUBLIC AND PRIVATE ACTORS 13. Unpacking the Complexities of Biofuels Policy Paul Martin and Elodie Le Gal 14. Trends in Government Incentives for Biofuels Warren E. Mabee, Lauren D. Malo and Ashton R. Taylor 15. An Industry Perspective: Government Policies to Accelerate the Development and Commercialization of Advanced Biofuels in Canada Marie-Hélène Labrie 16. Network Governance of Biofuels Jeremy de Beer 17. Private Regulation in the Bioenergy Sector Maha Mansoor, Inge Stupak and Tat Smith Index

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Book Synopsis'In summary, the book provides an interesting mix of energy topics and perspectives that appears somewhat eclectic at first glance. . . . the book is a very useful and scholarly addition to the literature on energy governance and is recommended reading for all those who need to be better informed on the challenges and some of the solutions available at the current time.'- David Grinlinton, Journal of Energy & Natural Resources LawThis timely book makes an original and in-depth contribution to the debate about how to transform our energy governance systems into ones that support a fair, safe and sustainable society. It combines perspectives from leading scholars to provide a global outlook on alternative approaches to energy governance and innovative experiences. Taken as a whole, it offers a unique overview of some of the innovative and novel ways in which law can support the shift to sustainable and equitable energy systems.The first section lays the conceptual and theoretical foundations for alternative approaches to energy governance, including its constitutional foundations, the role of human rights, and an environmentally just system that seeks universal access to energy for all. The second section showcases concrete innovative experiences in energy governance from around the globe, including smart cities, the role of the courts, energy efficiency of buildings and the harnessing of energy from waste. Finally, the authors consider the social justice dimension, discussing the exploitation of energy resources by multinational companies in developing countries and the importance of agricultural production, distribution and consumption in energy transformation. This unique overview of state-of-the-art approaches to transformation of energy governance is vital reading for policy makers and both legal and non-legal scholars concerned with energy law, sustainability and justice, and global governance.Contributors: K. Bosselmann, J. Bowie, N. Chalifour, E. Daly, T. Daya-Winterbottom, C. Derani, A. Guerry, J. Jaria I Manzano, L. Kotzé, E. Le Gal, L. Lin-Heng, M. Low, J.R. May, E.C. Okonkwo, R.L. Ottinger, C. Pappalardo, T. Parejo-Navajas, M.P. Samonte Solis, M.K. Scanlan, J. WentzTrade Review'The book brings together scholars from all over the world to address issues of energy governance and sustainability. It provides a unique insight into the nexus between theory, human rights constitutionalism, environmental justice and the practical application of energy policy and legislation ranging from energy supply, renewable energy, energy markets and financing to hydraulic fracturing and energy efficiency. The book brings perspectives from the developed and developing world and proposes recommendations on how the energy crisis can be addressed from a legal perspective. Although the book is written from a legal perspective, scholars and practitioners from other disciplines will also find the book insightful.' --Willemien Du Plessis, North-West University, South Africa'The IUCN Academy of Environmental Law has forged a global reputation as one of the leading forums for environmental law scholarship, as exemplified by this important new volume on energy governance. Professors Jaria i Manzano, Chalifour and Kotze have masterfully crafted an internationally diverse and thought-provoking account of the state of energy law and its future reform. For anyone concerned about addressing climate change, this book should be essential reading.' --Benjamin J. Richardson, University of Tasmania, Australia'Energy governance is a problem worldwide. Identification of causes, options and solutions are therefore very welcome. This book does this. It sketches the essential foundations for a sustainable energy governance, illustrated by different experiences and identifying governance gaps which have to be tackled. A job well done by the team of Jaria i Manzano, Chalifour and Kotze.' --Kurt Deketelaere, KU Leuven and Secretary-General, LERTable of ContentsContents: 1. Energy Governance — A Key Challenge in the Era of Globalization Jordi Jaria i Manzano, Nathalie J. Chalifour and Louis J. Kotzé PART I FOUNDATIONS 2. Germany’s ‘Energiewende’: What Can Environmental Law Scholarship Learn From it? Klaus Bosselmann 3. Ten Good Practices in Environmental Constitutionalism that can Contribute to Sustainable Shale Gas Development James R. May and Erin Daly 4. Human Rights versus Human Needs: Debating the Language for Universal Access to Modern Energy Services Manuel Peter Samonte Solis 5. Using Social Science Perspectives on Risk to Implement an Environmental Justice Analysis Elodie Le Gal 6. Scaling Up Local Solutions: Creating an Enabling Legal Environment for the Deployment of Community-Based Renewable Microgrids Jessica Wentz and Chiara Pappalardo 7. Innovative Financing for Renewable Energy Richard L. Ottinger and John Bowie PART II EXPERIENCES 8. Energy and Smart Cities — Perspectives from a City-State, Singapore Lye Lin-Heng and Melissa Low 9. Judicial Perspectives on Renewable Energy and Climate Change Governance Trevor Daya-Winterbottom 10. A Reflection on Some Legal Aspects of Decision Control in the Energy Transition Process: A Comparison of France and Germany Anaïs Guerry 11. Learning from Europe: Some Ideas for the Energy Improvement of the US Existing Building Stock Teresa Parejo-Navajas 12. Sustainable Sewage Melissa K. Scanlan PART III GOVERNANCE GAPS 13. Environmentally Displaced Persons in the Niger Delta: Challenges and Prospects Eloamaka Carol Okonkwo 14. Agriculture, Energy and Development: An Uneasy Relationship Cristiane Derani Index

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Book SynopsisCrimes associated with the illegal trade in wildlife, timber and fish stocks, and pollutants and waste have become increasingly transnational, organized and serious. They warrant attention because of their environmental consequences, their human toll, their impact on the rule of law and good governance, and their links with violence, corruption and a range of cross-over crimes. This ground-breaking, multi-disciplinary Handbook examines key transnational environmental crime sectors and explores its most significant conceptual, operational and enforcement challenges. Bringing together leading scholars and practitioners, this book presents in-depth analysis based on extensive academic research and operational and enforcement expertise. The sectors covered include illegal wildlife, timber, pollutant and waste trades and crimes in the carbon market. The contextual chapters examine criminal networks and illicit chains of custody, local sociocultural, economic and political factors, the effectiveness of policy and operational responses, and international jurisdictional challenges.This Handbook will be an invaluable resource for students and scholars of global environmental politics, international environmental law, and environmental criminology as well as for regulatory and enforcement practitioners working to meet the challenges of transnational environmental crime.Contributors include: J. Ayling, L. Bisschop, G. Broussard, A. Cardesa-Salzmann, M. Cassidy, D.W.S. Challender, E. Clark, M.Á. Clemente Muñoz, E. de Coning, R. Duffy, L. Elliott, C. Gibbs, D. Humphreys, Y. Jia, N. Liu, D.C. MacMillan, C. Middleton, R. Ogden, G. Pink, G. Rose, V. Sacré, S. Saydan, W.H. Schaedla, S. Sinha, V. Somboon, T. Terekhova, E. van Asch, T. WyattTrade Review'This Handbook makes a creative and considered contribution towards this important topic. It provides a well-balanced mix of chapters from scholars and practitioners on issues that we must better understand if we are to successfully tackle these serious transnational environmental crimes. I warmly congratulate the editors and authors for focusing on these critical and contemporary questions, including the criminal networks involved, pervasive impact of corruption, criminal justice responses and exemplary collaborative initiatives, such as ICCWC. This timely publication will help to further shape our responses and assist us to better combat these highly destructive crimes.' --John E. Scanlon, CITES Secretary-General'This timely and very comprehensive book sheds light into the shadowy areas of environmental policy that we have neglected for too long: transnational environmental crime, ranging from illegal trade in timber and wildlife to criminal use of ozone-depleting substances, illegal fishing and novel ''carbon crimes'' around emissions trading. The Handbook of Transnational Environmental Crime, superbly edited by Elliott and Schaedla, combines insightful conceptual chapters with in-depth empirical research and practitioner contributions. The book is essential reading not only for scholars of environmental governance but also for criminologists, conservationists, regulators and other practitioners.' --Frank Biermann, Utrecht University, the Netherlands'This extensive work beautifully covers all major transnational environmental crimes and efforts to combat these crimes, from a broad perspective. It stands out for incorporating chapters written by leading green criminologists but also by policy makers and members of the enforcement community. It is truly a handbook of great value to the increasing number of academics, practitioners and students who are interested in environmental crimes and green criminology.' --Toine Spapens, Tilburg University, the NetherlandsTable of ContentsContents: PART I CONTEXT AND SCENE-SETTING 1. Transnational Environmental Crime: Excavating the Complexities – An Introduction Lorraine Elliott and William H. Schaedla 2. Criminal Networks and Illicit Chains of Custody in Transnational Environmental Crime Lorraine Elliott 3. Local Sociocultural, Economic and Political Facilitators of Transnational Wildlife Crime William H. Schaedla 4. The Securitization of Transnational Environmental Crime and the Militarization Of Conservation Lorraine Elliott 5. Criminality and Costs: The Human Toll of Transnational Environmental Crime Sophie Saydan PART II KEY SECTORS AND CASE STUDIES 6. The Illegal Wildlife Trade in Global Perspective Rosaleen Duffy 7. The Uncharismatic and Unorganized Side to Wildlife Smuggling Tanya Wyatt 8. Fisheries Crime Eve De Coning 9. Forest Crimes and the International Trade in Illegally Logged Timber David Humphreys 10. Illegal Trade in Hazardous Waste Lieselot Bisschop 11. Illegal Trade in Ozone Depleting Substances Ning Liu, Vira Somboon and Carl Middleton 12. Crimes in the Carbon Market Carole Gibbs and Michael Cassidy 13. Greater China and Transnational Environmental Crime: Understanding Criminal Networks and Enforcement Responses Yunbo Jiao 14. Wildlife Trade in South Asia Samir Sinha PART III GOVERNANCE, AGENCY AND STRATEGIES 15. Multilateral Environmental Agreements and Illegality Antonio Cardesa-Salzmann 16. International Jurisdictional Challenges in the Suppression of Transnational Environmental Crime Gregory Rose 17. Reducing Demand for Illicit Wildlife Products: Crafting a ‘Whole-Of-Society’ Response Julie Ayling 18. Witnessing WENs: Origins and Future Directions William H. Schaedla and Samir Sinha 19. Forensics in Transnational Environmental Crime Rob Ogden PART IV PRACTITIONER CONTRIBUTIONS 20. The Montreal Protocol and OzonAction Networks Ezra Clark 21. The Basel Convention: A Tool for Combating Environmental Crime and Enhancing the Management of Hazardous and Other Wastes Tatiana Terekhova 22. The Role of Cites in Ensuring Sustainable and Legal Trade in Wild Fauna and Flora Margarita África Clemente Muñoz 23. Interpol’s Nest: Building Capability and Capacity to Respond to Transnational Environmental Crime Grant Pink 24. The Evolving Role of the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime in Fighting Wildlife and Forest Crimes Giovanni Broussard 25. The International Consortium on Combating Wildlife Crime (ICCWC) Edward Van Asch 26. EU–TWIX: Ten Years of Information Exchange and Co-Operation Between Wildlife Law Enforcement Officials in Europe Vinciane Sacré 27. Transnational Environmental Crime: More than an Enforcement Problem Daniel W.S. Challender and Douglas C. Macmillan Index

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Book SynopsisThere has been an exponential growth in international environmental treaty-making over the past fifty years, to the point of 'treaty congestion' - with a total of more than 1,300 multilateral (global and regional) agreements on the topic and close to 3,000 bilateral ones currently in force. This research review addresses this phenomenon from a variety of disciplinary perspectives: international law, political science, and 'ecological economics'. The objective is comparative analysis, with a view to identifying common features and common problems of transnational environmental regimes, in light of their historical evolution, their application and effectiveness in practice, and possible lessons learned in their institutional 'interplay' with each other.Table of ContentsContents: Preface Introduction: International Environmental Agreements Peter H. Sand PART I HISTORICAL EVOLUTION 1. Preparatory Committee for the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (1992), ‘Survey of Existing Agreements and Instruments and Its Follow-Up’, United Nations General Assembly, A/CONF.151/PC/103, March–April, 1–18 2. Edith Brown Weiss (1993), ‘International Environmental Law: Contemporary Issues and the Emergence of a New World Order’, Georgetown Law Journal, 81, 675–710 3. Ronald B. Mitchell (2003), ‘International Environmental Agreements: A Survey of Their Features, Formation, and Effects’, Annual Review of Environment and Resources, 28, November, 429–61 4. Robin R. Churchill and Geir Ulfstein (2000), ‘Autonomous Institutional Arrangements in Multilateral Environmental Agreements: A Little-Noticed Phenomenon in International Law’, American Journal of International Law, 94 (4), October, 623–59 5. Annecoos Wiersema (2009), ‘The New International Law-Makers? Conferences of the Parties to Multilateral Environmental Agreements’, Michigan Journal of International Law, 31 (1), 231–87 6. Laurence Boisson de Chazournes (2009), ‘Environmental Treaties in Time’, Environmental Policy and Law, 39 (6), 293–8 7. Rakhyun E. Kim (2013), ‘The Emergent Network Structure of the Multilateral Environmental Agreement System’, Global Environmental Change, 23 (5), October, 980–91 8. Walid Marrouch and Amrita Ray Chaudhuri (2015), ‘International Environmental Agreements: Doomed to Fail or Destined to Succeed? A Review of the Literature’, International Review of Environmental and Resource Economics, 9 (3–4), September, 245–319 9. Todd Sandler (2016), ‘Environmental Cooperation: Contrasting International Environmental Agreements’, Oxford Economic Papers, 69 (2), 345–64 10. Peter H. Sand (1996), ‘International Economic Instruments for Sustainable Development: Sticks, Carrots and Games’, Indian Journal of International Law, 36 (2), April–June, 1–16 PART II EFFECTIVENESS AND COMPLIANCE 11. Helmut Breitmeier, Arild Underdal and Oran R. Young (2011), ‘The Effectiveness of International Environmental Regimes: Comparing and Contrasting Findings from Quantitative Research’, International Studies Review, 13 (4), December, 579–605 12. Patrick Sźell (1997), ‘Compliance Regimes for Multilateral Environmental Agreements – A Progress Report’, Environmental Policy and Law, 27 (4), 304–7 13. Edith Brown Weiss (1999), ‘Understanding Compliance with International Environmental Agreements: The Baker’s Dozen Myths’, University of Richmond Law Review, 32 (5), 1555–89 14. Markus Ehrmann (2002), ‘Procedures of Compliance Control in International Environmental Treaties’, Colorado Journal of International Environmental Law and Policy, 13 (2), 377–443 15. André Nollkaemper (2003), ‘Compliance Control in International Environmental Law: Traversing the Limits of the National Legal Order’, Yearbook of International Environmental Law, 13 (1), December, 165–86 16. Teall Crossen (2004), ‘Multilateral Environmental Agreements and the Compliance Continuum’, Georgetown International Environmental Law Review, 16, 473–500 17. W. Bradnee Chambers (2004), ‘Towards an Improved Understanding of Legal Effectiveness of International Environmental Treaties’, Georgetown International Environmental Law Review, 16, 501–32 18. Gregory Rose (2011), ‘Interlinkages between Multi-Lateral Environmental Agreements: International Compliance Cooperation’, in Lee Paddock, Du Qun, Louis J. Kotzé, David L. Markell, Kenneth J. Markowitz and Durwood Zaelke (eds), Compliance and Enforcement in Environmental Law: Toward More Effective Implementation, Chapter 1, Cheltenham, UK and Northampton, MA, USA: Edward Elgar Publishing, 3–33 19. Suh-Yong Chung (2004), ‘Is the Convention-Protocol Approach Appropriate for Addressing Regional Marine Pollution?: The Barcelona Convention System Revisited’, Penn State Environmental Law Review, 13 (1), 85–103 20. Tuomas Kuokkanen (2006), ‘Designing Compliance Mechanisms under Multilateral Environmental Agreements’, International Environmental Law-making and Diplomacy Review, 4, 27–36 21. Peter H. Sand (2016), ‘The Effectiveness of Multilateral Environmental Agreements: Theory and Practice’, International Environmental Law-making and Diplomacy Review, 16, 1–25 PART III FRAGMENTATION AND SYNERGY 22. Donald K. Anton (2013), ‘“Treaty Congestion” in Contemporary International Environmental Law’, in Shawkat Alam, Jahid Hossain Bhuiyan, Tareq M.R. Chowdhury and Erika J. Techerais (eds), Routledge Handbook of International Environmental Law, Chapter 36, London, UK: Routledge, 651–65 23. Rüdiger Wolfrum and Nele Matz (2000), ‘The Interplay of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea and the Convention on Biological Diversity’, Max Planck United Nations Yearbook, 4 (1), February, 445–80 24. Nele Matz (2005), ‘Chaos or Coherence? – Implementing and Enforcing the Conservation of Migratory Species through Various Legal Instruments’, Zeitschrift für ausländisches öffentliches Recht und Völkerrecht/Heidelberg Journal of International Law, 65, 197–215 25. Konrad von Moltke (2005), ‘Clustering International Environmental Agreements as an Alternative to a World Environment Organization’, in Frank Biermann and Steffen Bauer (eds), A World Environment Organization: Solution or Threat for Effective International Environmental Governance?, Chapter 7, Aldershot, UK: Ashgate, 175–204 26. Sebastian Oberthür (2002), ‘Clustering of Multilateral Environmental Agreements: Potentials and Limitations’, International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics, 2 (4), December, 317–40 27. Annette Cowie, Uwe A. Schneider and Luca Montanarella (2007), ‘Potential Synergies Between Existing Multilateral Environmental Agreements in the Implementation of Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry Activities’, Environmental Science and Policy, 10 (4), June, 335–52 28. Kerstin Stendahl (2007), ‘Enhancing Cooperation and Coordination Among the Basel, Rotterdam and Stockholm Conventions’, International Environmental Law-making and Diplomacy Review, 7, 127–41 29. Jośe Octavio Velázquez Gomar (2016), ‘Environmental Policy Integration Among Multilateral Environmental Agreements: The Case of Biodiversity’, International Environmental Agreement: Politics, Law and Economics, 16 (4), August, 525–41 30. John Carter Morgan III (2016), ‘Fragmentation of International Environmental Law and the Synergy: A Problem and a 21st Century Model Solution’, Vermont Journal of Environmental Law, 18 (1), Fall, 134–72 PART IV BEYOND THE TERRITORIAL IMPERATIVE 31. Markus Vordermayer (2018), ‘The Extraterritorial Application of Multilateral Environmental Agreements’, Harvard International Law Journal, 59 (1), Winter, 59–124 Index

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Book SynopsisThis highly accessible book gives readers a thorough and nuanced overview of European environmental law, covering on the basic framework and principles as well as substantive law. It provides much-needed insight into a crucial area of legal practice throughout the EU; at a time when environmental law in Member States is becoming ever less 'national' and EU regulation is growing in scope and importance. The book provides state-of-the-art insights into key pieces of legislation and topical developments in various areas of environmental regulation. The first part offers a succinct overview of the framework of European environmental law and the fundamental principles that govern it. This part covers the creation, implementation and enforcement of environmental regulations and includes dedicated chapters on in particular environmental impact assessment and environmental liability. The chapters in the second part offer in-depth analysis of the substantive law in key areas, including biodiversity, air quality, waste and chemicals regulation, and climate change. European environmental regulation is becoming more complex and interrelated, making it a crucial field of study for European law graduates and an area of increasing exposure to the legal profession and in industry. This much-needed book combines detailed legal analysis with a concise and accessible style, making it an ideal companion for students, academics and professionals alike.Trade Review'Within the EU, environmental law has been harmonized almost entirely. EU environmental law, however, does not only dominate national environmental policies and law within the EU member states. It also has a global impact. As EU environmental law is considered to be both innovative and effective, it is often reviewed by policymakers around the world, as well as businesses that are active on global markets. This brilliant book provides an accessible, yet comprehensive and up-to-date overview of EU environmental law.' --Jonathan Verschuuren, Tilburg University, the Netherlands'While EU environmental law is becoming increasingly complex, this book provides an essential guide to the still growing body of rules and case law. With easily accessible and concise discussions of core topics such as principles, competences, implementation and trade, and various substantive matters including water, nature and climate protection, this book is recommendable to everyone who wants to get a quick but thorough insight into the history and current state of affairs of the body of EU environmental law.' --Marjan Peeters, Maastricht University, the Netherlands'This book is an important work of reference, not only for practitioners and scholars, but for anyone interested in a thoroughly contemporary study of environmental issues.' --The Barrister MagazineTable of ContentsContents: 1. Setting the context PART I BASICS/FRAMEWORK OF EUROPEAN ENVIRONMENTAL LAW 2. Principles of European Environmental Law 3. Environmental law making in the EU 4: Implementation and enforcement 5. Public Participatory Rights 6. Additional tools in implementing European Environmental Law 7. Environmental and Strategic Impact Assessments 8. Environmental Liability and Environmental Crime 9. State Aid and Competition Law PART II SUBSTANTIVE LEGISLATION 10. Biodiversity and Nature Conservation 11. Water protection legislation and policy 12. Noise pollution legislation and policy 13. Air pollution legislation and policy 14. Climate Change legislation and policy 15. Waste legislation and policy 16. Chemicals legislation and policy 17. Trade and the Environment Index

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Book SynopsisThis timely Research Handbook explores the concept of polar law as a coherent body of law and as a set of rules and principles that applies to both the Arctic and Antarctic. It captures the evolution of polar law and policy, identifying future directions for research in this emerging and growing field. Expert international contributors analyse the concept of polar law across a range of areas including human rights, bioprospecting, tourism, environmental protection and fisheries management. They examine how Antarctic and Arctic regional regimes contribute to polar law, scrutinizing international treaties, agreements and arrangements. With a focus on the evolution of polar law in the context of the Anthropocene, chapters cover key issues related to the poles, such as climate change, minerals exploration and boundary disputes. Demonstrating the benefits of polar as opposed to bipolar law, this Research Handbook provides a critical assessment of contemporary challenges to the field. Incorporating a diverse range of themes and topics, this Research Handbook will be a valuable resource for academics and students of polar law as well as those interested in how international law applies to the polar regions. It will also be beneficial for diplomats and policy makers working in polar law and policy fields.Trade Review‘This excellent, comprehensive, and thought-provoking book articulates a set of existential questions for the structure of 'Polar law' in the world of accelerating change. The Research Handbook on Polar Law applies an ambitiously convergent focus on the Poles. The 22 chapters provide an excellent update on particular topics and a critical reflection on the challenges and opportunities of a distinct Polar approach. Beyond providing invaluable reference for researchers, the book helps see the bigger picture, stimulate innovative thinking, and allow for cross-pollination of ideas.’ -- Jan Jakub Solski, Ocean Yearbook‘This book would be a valuable addition to law libraries, especially in departments working on environmental law, law of the sea, and climate change.’ -- Daria Shapovalova, The Edinburgh Law Review‘This book provides a comprehensive and engaging analysis of the Polar regions, largely through a legal lens complemented by historical, political and scientific perspectives. The volume explores the complexity of regimes governing the polar regions, in a way that is both practical and user friendly, by focusing on the issues they are designed to address. The book deepens our knowledge and understanding of not only the regional Arctic and Antarctic legal regimes and governance structures, but also how they unite, through a set of common values, to form a tapestry of “Polar Law”. This book advances the literature and will be an excellent resource for researchers interested in discovering and analysing the complex nature of “Polar Law”.’ -- Claudia Sosin and Erika Techera, The Polar Journal‘The political, social and physical context of the polar regions makes the application of laws there distinctive. There are homelands, disputed territories, fertile oceans, unique lifeforms and electric skies, connected by icy nature-scapes. They have hidden riches of scientific information about our world that is of universal importance. This book, edited by Karen Scott and David VanderZwaag, brings the best authors on polar topics together to highlight points of convergence and divergence essential for a comprehensive understanding of legal custodianship.’ -- Julia Jabour, University of Tasmania, AustraliaTable of ContentsContents: 1 Introduction to Polar Law 1 Karen N Scott and David L VanderZwaag 2 Polar Regions in the Anthropocene 18 Colin Summerhayes, Jan Zalasiewicz, Davor Vidas and Mark Williams 3 The Antarctic Treaty System 40 Jill Barrett 4 Arctic Regional Agreements and Arrangements 64 Timo Koivurova, Pirjo Kleemola-Juntunen and Stefan Kirchner 5 People at the Poles 84 Sara L Seck and Sarah L MacLeod 6 Polar science diplomacy 105 Paul Arthur Berkman 7 The Arctic Ocean unscrambled: competing claims and boundary disputes 124 Ted L McDorman and Clive Schofield 8 Antarctic: competing claims and boundary disputes 146 Shirley V Scott 9 Emerging and non-traditional actors at the Poles 162 Nengye Liu 10 Southern Ocean fisheries 180 Marcus Haward 11 The evolving management of fisheries in the Arctic 199 Alf Håkon Hoel 12 Marine mammals at the Poles 217 Richard Caddell 13 Non-living resources and the Poles 249 Rachael Lorna Johnstone and Scott Joblin 14 Bioprospecting at the Poles 271 David Leary 15 Polar cruise tourism 292 Daniela Liggett and Emma J. Stewart 16 Principles of environmental protection at the Poles 325 Robin Warner 17 Marine protected area networks at the Poles 345 Suzanne Lalonde 18 Polar shipping law 370 Kristin Bartenstein and Aldo Chircop 19 Global trajectories of chemical pollution: legal gaps and complexities in the Polar context 390 Sabaa A Khan and Seita Romppanen 20 Climate change and the Poles 412 Rosemary Rayfuse 21 Ocean acidification at the Poles: regional responses to marine environmental change in the Anthropocene 433 Tim Stephens 22 Evolution of a Polar Law 454 Donald R Rothwell and Alan D Hemmings Index

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Book SynopsisThis illuminating Research Handbook offers a detailed overview and critical discussion of the key themes and perspectives that characterize the burgeoning research area of transnational environmental law. It analyzes important sectors at the forefront of the field, including climate change and biodiversity. Interdisciplinary and comprehensive, this Research Handbook provides stimulating and provocative discussions on transnational legal phenomena and the ways in which we can unpack their complexities. Bringing together varied perspectives from both leading and emerging scholars from around the world, chapters deliver methodological and conceptual frameworks for future research, whilst providing an original view on this emerging field of law. Contributors also pay special attention to the engagement of the field with multilevel governance and the involvement of non-state actors in legislative, regulatory and adjudicative processes. Offering an accessible and broad-ranging guide to the field's major themes and research strategies, the Research Handbook on Transnational Environmental Law will be an indispensable resource to scholars, students and practitioners in environmental and transnational law and social sciences seeking to understand the contributions of a transnational approach to environmental law.Trade Review'The Research Handbook on Transnational Environmental Law offers a striking illustration of the lag between a long-identified phenomenon of growing importance and the development of adequate conceptual categories to explain it and integrate it into the wider body of knowledge. Faithful to the specificity of EE Research Handbooks, this book is a major leap in closing this gap. It not only maps the field but also provides solid conceptual foundations for it. It is destined to be a classic.' --Jorge E. Viñuales, Harold Samuel Professor of Law and Environmental Policy, University of Cambridge, UK'This book provides a state-of-the-art guide to the dynamic new field of transnational environmental law scholarship, focused on critical, cross-cutting issues such as climate change, biodiversity loss and marine pollution. Under the expert editorial guidance of Heyvaert and Duvic-Paoli, leading and emerging scholars from around the world provide an engaging and accessible introduction to the field's key concepts, tools and debates. This Research Handbook is an essential resource for all those interested in environmental law and its broader transnational dimensions.' --Jacqueline Peel, The University of Melbourne, AustraliaTable of ContentsContents: Preface xiv PART I A THEORY OF TRANSNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL LAW 1 The meanings of transnational environmental law 2 Veerle Heyvaert and Leslie-Anne Duvic-Paoli 2 Exploring transnational legal orders: using transnational environmental law to strengthen the global regulation of black carbon for the benefit of the Arctic region 18 Kati Kulovesi 3 An unknown past, an unequal present, and an uncertain future: transnational environmental law through three research challenges 32 Natasha Affolder 4 Methodological challenges of transnational environmental law 48 Elisa Morgera, Louisa Parks and Mika Schroeder PART II UNDERSTANDING TRANSNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE 5 ‘Interglobalsuprasubandtransialidocious’: mapping and disentangling transnational environmental governance 67 Till Markus and Olaf Dilling 6 Regulatory instruments of transnational environmental governance 88 Jerneja Penca 7 Transnational environmental regulation and evolving approaches to compliance 104 Aleksandra Čavoški 8 Transnational environmental governance before the courts 126 Suzanne Kingston 9 Facing the legitimacy challenge: law as a disciplining force for transnational environmental governance 145 Josephine van Zeben PART III CONSEQUENCES OF THE TRANSNATIONALIZATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE 10 The transnationalization of environmental constitutionalism 159 Louis J. Kotzé 11 Regime interlinkages: examining the connections between transnational climate change and biodiversity law 178 Jonathan Verschuuren 12 Global values, transnational expression: from Aarhus to Escazú 198 Emily Barritt PART IV NON-STATE ACTORS AS A FOCAL POINT OF TRANSNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL LAW 13 The role of subnational actors in transnational climate change law 216 Jolene Lin 14 The responsibilities of corporations: new directions in environmental litigation 229 Lisa Benjamin 15 Art and activism in transnational environmental governance 248 Benjamin J. Richardson PART V CROSSING JURISDICTIONAL AND DISCIPLINARY BORDERS 16 Sovereignty, unilateralism, and the transboundary reach of environmental protection 268 An Hertogen 17 Vice or virtue? Flexibility in transnational environmental law 284 Sébastien Jodoin, Ling Chen and Carolina Gueiros 18 Judicial transnationalization 301 Geetanjali Ganguly 19 Transnational litigation: what can we learn from Chevron–Ecuador ? 318 Robert V. Percival 20 Human rights in a changing environment 340 Ole W. Pedersen 21 Intersections between climate change and the World Trade Organization 352 Shawkat Alam PART VI CONCLUDING REMARKS 22 Concluding remarks 369 Veerle Heyvaert and Leslie-Anne Duvic-Paoli Index

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Book SynopsisThis comprehensive volume of the Elgar Encyclopedia of Environmental Law provides an overview of the major elements of energy law from a global perspective. Based on an in-depth analysis of the energy chain, it offers insight into the impacts of climate change and environmental issues on energy law and the energy sector. This timely reference work highlights the need for modern energy law to consider environmental impacts and promote the use of clean energy sources, whilst also safeguarding a reliable and affordable energy supply.Featuring 65 entries written by leading international scholars and practitioners in the field, the volume is organised into eight thematic parts, each focusing on a specific area of the energy sector. Topics covered include international energy cooperation, the regulation and governance of energy markets, legal regimes governing renewable energy sources, regulation of the transport and supply of energy, consumer protection, and energy savings mechanisms.Providing an authoritative analysis of key developments in this significant area of law, this volume will be an invaluable resource for researchers, academics and students. Its insights into governance and regulation in the sector will also prove useful to practitioners and policymakers.Trade Review'This impressive and ambitious volume could not be more timely. Climate change now firmly links energy and the environment, and the way in which energy law is structured will profoundly influence the effectiveness of policy responses. Written by leading experts from across the world, this is the most comprehensive examination of energy law to date that has been written with climate change and the environment in mind. As such it will be an essential reference work for lawyers and policy makers engaged in these issues.' -- Richard Macrory, University College London, UK'Eighty authors from around the world provide a comprehensive study of energy law. Their 65 entries provide clear explorations of the science and technology, commercial use, and law and regulation of energy sources and uses. Special attention is given to the environmental and social consequences of energy uses ranging from climate change to energy poverty. Scholars, practitioners and interested citizens could all find no better guide to energy's multiple roles in today's and tomorrow's world.' -- Donald Zillman, University of Maine School of Law, US'This volume is edited by a formidable set of editors who have a stellar set of authors writing for them on an encyclopedic set of topics related to the broad theme of energy law, climate and the environment. I cannot think of many scholars or practitioners unaffected by the issues covered. Many of the contributors have practical experience with their assigned topic which gives the analysis extra bite. The book is most, most useful both as a practical reference guide on the law as it stands including its history and practical interpretation, and as an analysis of how the status quo ought to be changed to address the crucial issues raised in it.' -- Geert Van Calster, KU Leuven, BelgiumTable of ContentsContents: Foreword to the Encyclopedia xviii Jamie Benidickson and Yves Le Bouthillier Foreword to Volume IX xix Michael Faure List of abbreviations xxi Introduction to Volume IX 1 Martha M Roggenkamp, Kars J de Graaf and Ruven C Fleming PART 1 GENERAL CONCEPTS IX.1 Sovereignty and jurisdiction over energy resources 9 Catherine Redgwell IX.2 Regulating the energy chain 20 Martha M Roggenkamp IX.3 The energy trilemma 31 Ruven C Fleming IX.4 Sustainable development, principles of environmental law and the energy sector 41 Kars J de Graaf and Lorenzo Squintani PART 2 INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENTS International energy cooperation and trade IX.5 The International Atomic Energy Agency 57 Jennifer Campion IX.6 International cooperation in oil and gas: current and evolving roles of OPEC and GECF 68 Damilola S Olawuyi IX.7 The International Energy Agency 79 John Paterson and Ruven C Fleming IX.8 The Energy Charter Treaty 88 Cees Verburg IX.9 The International Renewable Energy Agency 99 Thijs Van de Graaf Regional energy cooperation and trade IX.10 The development of energy cooperation and trade in the European Union 111 Îñigo del Guayo IX.11 Energy cooperation in North America: from CUSFTA to USMCA 122 Jos. Juan González Márquez, Alastair Lucas and Diego Almeida IX.12 Energy cooperation in South America: the case of MERCOSUR 134 Lila Barrera-Hernández and Thomas Andrew O’Keefe IX.13 Energy cooperation in Asia: the case of ASEAN 145 Sufian Jusoh IX.14 Energy cooperation in Africa: the African Union vs Regional Economic Communities 156 Taciana Peão Lopes and Cheri-Leigh Young PART 3 REGULATING ENERGY MARKETS IX.15 Governance of the energy market in the European Union 169 Silke Goldberg and Anne Eckenroth IX.16 Governance of the energy markets in Canada 180 Alastair Lucas and Diego Almeida IX.17 Governance of the energy market in the United States 193 Richard Ottinger, Aaron Rudyan and Bahar Hashemolhosseini IX.18 Governance of the energy market in Australia 204 Lee Godden and Anne Kallies IX.19 Governance of the energy market in Russia 216 Sergey Seliverstov and Ivan Gudkov IX.20 Governance of the energy market in China 227 Wang Mingyuan and Gao Lailong IX.21 Frameworks for energy governance and regulation in Africa 238 Hanri Mostert, Hugo Meyer van den Berg and Bernard Kengni PART 4 REGULATING THE OIL AND GAS SECTOR Exploration and production of oil and gas IX.22 Overview of legal regimes governing exploration and production of petroleum 257 Hugo Meyer van den Berg IX.23 Protecting health, safety and the environment offshore 267 John Paterson IX.24 Decommissioning of (abandoned or disused) offshore installations 277 Constantinos Yiallourides and Greg W Gordon New developments IX.25 Reuse of offshore oil and gas infrastructure: a case study on CCS 291 Dinand Drankier and Joris Gazendam IX.26 Regulating oil and gas exploration and production in the Arctic 302 Tina Soliman Hunter IX.27 Regulating the production of shale gas and fracking 313 Leonie Reins and Allan Ingelson IX.28 Alternatives to natural gas: the legal framework on synthetic natural gas and biomethane 326 Daisy G Tempelman PART 5 REGULATING THE ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION SECTOR General IX.29 Electricity production and emission standards 341 Kars J de Graaf and Lolke S Braaksma IX.30 Electricity production and greenhouse gas emissions trading 352 Edwin Woerdman and Yingying Zeng IX.31 Environmental considerations in regulating nuclear energy 363 Anthony Wetherall Renewable resources IX.32 Renewable energy sources and the impact on security of supply and dispatching 377 Fokke Elskamp IX.33 Regulating the promotion of renewable electricity consumption and production: a European Union case study 388 Olivia Woolley IX.34 Regulating the promotion of non-conventional renewable energy sources in Latin America 399 Milton Fernando Montoya Pardo and María Alejandra Garzón Albornoz Hydropower IX.35 Regulation of hydropower in the European Union 413 Henrik Bjørnebye IX.36 Regulation of hydropower in South America 424 Milton Fernando Montoya Pardo and Daniela Aguilar Abaunza Wind energy IX.37 Regulation of wind energy in the European Union 439 Romain Mauger IX.38 Regulation of wind power in China 450 Wang Mingyuan and Gao Lailong Solar energy IX.39 Regulating solar energy in the European Union 463 Michel Chatelin and Louis-Narito Harada IX.40 Regulating solar energy in Mexico 474 Jos. Juan González Márquez Biomass IX.41 Wood-based biomass and electricity in the United States: a case study in scientific and policy uncertainty 487 Blake Hudson IX.42 Promoting sustainable energy in Brazil: the role of biomass 498 Rômulo Sampaio and Patrícia Sampaio Geothermal IX.43 Regulation of electricity from geothermal heat in Iceland 511 Hilmar Gunnlaugsson IX.44 Regulation of geothermal resources for energy in New Zealand 522 Phoebe Parson New developments IX.45 Regulating offshore wind energy 535 Ceciel T Nieuwenhout IX.46 Regulating wave, tidal and ocean thermal energy 546 Theodore Nsoe Adimazoya and Meinhard Doelle PART 6 REGULATING ENERGY TRANSPORT General IX.47 Energy networks, natural monopolies and tariff regulation 563 Machiel Mulder and Edwin Woerdman IX.48 Maritime transport and the environment: energy transport by sea 573 Beatriz Martinez Romera and Catalin Gabriel Stanescu IX.49 Greening the transport sector: promoting ‘zero emissions vehicles’ in the EU and US 584 Gijs Kreeft and Dirk Kuiken Network-bound energy IX.50 Regulating the use of energy networks in liberalised markets 599 Anne Kallies IX.51 Regulating electricity network reliability 611 Dirk Kuiken IX.52 Regulating high voltage power lines: electromagnetic fields and safety 621 Catherine Banet and Astrid Skjønborg Brunt IX.53 Regulating pipeline safety 633 Mehdi Piri New developments IX.54 A legal framework for smart grids 645 Lea Diestelmeier IX.55 The regulation of microgrids 656 Donna M Attanasio IX.56 Developing an offshore electricity grid: European and US approaches 668 Ceciel T Nieuwenhout and Hannah K Müller IX.57 Developing a regulatory framework for electricity storage 679 Gijs Kreeft and Romain Mauger PART 7 REGULATING ACCESS TO ENERGY AND PROTECTING ENERGY CONSUMERS Energy supply and consumption IX.58 Energy poverty and household access to energy services in international, regional and national law 695 Marlies Hesselman IX.59 Protecting energy consumers from the bankruptcies of energy supply companies 707 René van ’t Hoft IX.60 Protecting energy consumers via tariff regulation 717 James M Van Nostrand New developments IX.61 Regulating residential prosumers 729 Lea Diestelmeier PART 8 REGULATING ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND ENERGY SAVINGS IX.62 Regulating energy efficiency in the European Union 741 Martha M Roggenkamp IX.63 Energy efficiency at energy production level: promoting combined heat and power 753 Maciej M Sokołowski IX.64 The role of demand-response mechanisms in promoting energy efficiency 764 LeRoy Paddock IX.65 Energy efficiency at the consumer level in the United States 776 LeRoy Paddock and Deepti Bansal Index 789

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Book SynopsisEnvironmental crime is arguably the most vital and destructive crime of the 21st century, especially in the light of climate change and shifts in social, economic and ecological circumstances that will accompany global warming. The author takes an excitingly broad and refreshing approach to environmental crime and investigates a variety of topics including illegal fishing, poaching, wildlife crimes, animal abuse, climate change and ecocide as well as crimes related to waste, energy and contamination.Trade Review‘This two volume collection edited by Professor Rob White offers a challenging and insightful flavour of the criminological endeavour to address one of the most prescient challenges of the 21st century: environmental crime. Edited by one of the foremost academics in this field these two volumes do not claim to be exhaustive but as the editor says they do claim to be “interesting, provocative, informative and stimulating”. They are certainly all of these things and more besides. Taken together they lay down an unprecedented challenge to academics, politicians and policy-makers alike to take environmental crime seriously: an essential collection for anyone interested in these issues.’ -- Sandra Walklate, Liverpool University, UK and Monash University, AustraliaTable of ContentsContents: Volume I Acknowledgements ix Introduction Rob White xii PART I ENVIRONMENTAL HARM AND TRANSNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL CRIME 1. Susan F. Mandiberg (2009), ‘Locating the Environmental Harm in Environmental Crimes’, Utah Law Review, 4, 1177–222 2 2. Brian J. Preston (2007), ‘Principled Sentencing for Environmental Offences – Part 2: Sentencing Considerations and Options’, Criminal Law Journal, 31 (3), 142–64 48 3. Ali Mohamed Al-Damkhi, Ali Mohamed Khuraibet, Sabah Ahmed Adbul-Wahab and Faten Abdul-Hameed Al-Attar (2009), ‘COMMENTARY: Toward Defining the Concept of Environmental Crime on the Basis of Sustainability’, Environmental Practice, 11 (2), June, 115–24 71 4. Glen Wright (2011), ‘Conceptualising and Combating Transnational Environmental Crime’, Trends in Organised Crime, 14 (4), December, 332–46 81 5. Lorraine Elliott (2012), ‘Fighting Transnational Environmental Crime’, Journal of International Affairs, 66 (1), Fall–Winter, 87–104 96 6. Greg L. Warchol, Linda L. Zupan and Willie Clack (2003), ‘Transnational Criminality: An Analysis of the Illegal Wildlife Market in Southern Africa’, International Criminal Justice Review, 13 (1), May, 1–27 114 7. Carole Gibbs, Meredith L. Gore, Edmund F. McGarrell and Louie Rivers III (2010), ‘Introducing Conservation Criminology: Towards Interdisciplinary Scholarship on Environmental Crimes and Risks’, British Journal of Criminology, 50 (1), 124–44 141 8. Leo R. Douglas and Kelvin Alie (2014), ‘High-Value Natural Resources: Linking Wildlife Conservation to International Conflict, Insecurity, and Development Concerns’, Biological Conservation, 171, 270–77 162 9. Rob White (2017), ‘The Four Ways of Eco-Global Criminology’, International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy, 6 (1), 8–22 170 10. Avi Brisman and Nigel South (2019), ‘Green Criminology and Environmental Crimes and Harms’, Sociology Compass, 13 (1), January, 1–12 185 PART II ILLEGAL FISHING 11. John L. McMullan and David C. Perrier (2002), ‘Lobster Poaching and the Ironies of Law Enforcement’, Law and Society Review, 36 (4), January, 679–717 198 12. Maria Hauck (2009), ‘Crime, Environment and Power: Revisiting the Abalone Fishery’, South African Journal of Criminal Justice, 22 (2), January, 229–45 237 13. Nerea Marteache, Julie Viollaz and Gohar A. Petrossian (2015), ‘Factors Influencing the Choice of a Safe Haven for Offloading Illegally Caught Fish: A Comparative Analysis of Developed and Developing Economies’, Crime Science, 4 (32), October, 1–13 254 14. Gohar Petrossian, Judith S. Weis and Stephen F. Pires (2015), ‘Factors Affecting Crab and Lobster Species Subject to IUU Fishing’, Ocean and Coastal Management, 106, March, 29–34 267 15. Gohar A. Petrossian (2015), ‘Preventing Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) Fishing: A Situational Approach’, Biological Conservation, 189, September, 39–48 273 16. Eve de Coning and Emma Witbooi (2015), ‘Towards a New “Fisheries Crime” Paradigm: South Africa as an Illustrative Example’, Marine Policy, 60, October, 208–15 283 PART III POACHING AND BIRDLIFE 17. Stephen Pires and Ronald V. Clarke (2012), ‘Are Parrots CRAVED? An Analysis of Parrot Poaching in Mexico’, Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 49 (1), March, 122–46 292 18. Stephen F. Pires, Jacqueline L. Schneider, Mauricio Herrera and José L. Tella (2016), ‘Spatial, Temporal and Age Sources of Variation in Parrot Poaching in Bolivia’, Bird Conservation International, 26 (3), September, 293–306 317 19. Ronald V. Clarke and Rolf A. de By (2013), ‘Poaching, Habitat Loss and the Decline of Neotropical Parrots: A Comparative Spatial Analysis’, Journal of Experimental Criminology, 9 (3), April, 333–53 331 20. Stephen F. Pires, Jacqueline L. Schneider and Mauricio Herrera (2016), ‘Organized Crime or Crime that is Organized? The Parrot Trade in the Neotropics’, Trends in Organized Crime, 19 (1), March, 4–20 352 21. Jessica S. Kahler and Meredith L. Gore (2012), ‘Beyond the Cooking Pot and Pocket Book: Factors Influencing Noncompliance with Wildlife Poaching Rules’, International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice, 36 (2), May, 103–20 369 22. Erica von Essen, Hans Peter Hansen, Helena Nordström Källström, M. Nils Peterson and Tarla Rai Peterson (2014), ‘Deconstructing the Poaching Phenomenon: A Review of Typologies for Understanding Illegal Hunting’, British Journal of Criminology, 54 (4), July, 632–51 387 PART IV WILDLIFE CRIMES 23. Anita Lavorgna (2014), ‘Wildlife Trafficking in the Internet Age’, Crime Science, 3 (5), April, 1–12 408 24. Daan van Uhm (2016), ‘Monkey Business: The Illegal Trade in Barbary Macaques’, Journal of Trafficking, Organized Crime and Security, 2 (1), 36–49 420 25. William D. Moreto and A.M. Lemieux (2015), ‘From CRAVED to CAPTURED: Introducing a Product-based Framework to Examine Illegal Wildlife Markets’, European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research, 21 (3), December, 303–20 434 26. Anh Cao Ngoc and Tanya Wyatt (2013), ‘A Green Criminological Exploration of Illegal Wildlife Trade in Vietnam’, Asian Journal of Criminology, 8 (2), June, 129–42 452 27. Rebecca W.Y. Wong (2016), ‘The Organization of the Illegal Tiger Parts Trade in China’, British Journal of Criminology, 56 (5), September, 995–1013 466 28. Duarte Gonçalves (2017), ‘Society and the Rhino: A Whole-of- Society Approach to Wildlife Crime in South Africa’, South African Crime Quarterly, 60, June, 9–18 485 PART V ANIMAL ABUSE AND KILLING OF ANIMALS 29. Geertrui Cazaux (1999), ‘Beauty and the Beast: Animal Abuse from a Non-Speciesist Criminological Perspective’, Crime, Law and Social Change, 31 (2), March, 105–26 496 30. Michelle Larkins Jacques, Carole Gibbs and Louie Rivers III (2013), ‘Confined Animal Feeding Operations’, CRIMSOC: Journal of Social Criminology, 4, Autumn, 10–63 518 31. Ragnhild Sollund (2011), ‘Expressions of Speciesism: The Effects of Keeping Companion Animals on Animal Abuse, Animal Trafficking and Species Decline’, Crime, Law and Social Change, 55 (5), June, 437–51 572 32. Piers Beirne (2014), ‘Theriocide: Naming Animal Killing’, International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy, 3 (2), 49–66 587 33. Gareth Enticott (2011), ‘Techniques of Neutralising Wildlife Crime in Rural England and Wales’, Journal of Rural Studies, 27 (2), April, 200–208 605 34. Angus Nurse (2016), ‘Beyond the Property Debate: Animal Welfare as a Public Good’, Contemporary Justice Review, 19 (2), 174–87 614 Index Volume II Acknowledgements viii Introduction An introduction to both volumes by the editor appears in Volume I PART I CLIMATE CHANGE AND ECOCIDE 1. Clifford Shearing (2015), ‘Criminology and the Anthropocene’, Criminology and Criminal Justice, 15 (3), June, 255–69 2 2. Robert Agnew (2012), ‘Dire Forecast: A Theoretical Model of the Impact of Climate Change on Crime’, Theoretical Criminology, 16 (1), February, 21–42 17 3. Matthew Ranson (2014), ‘Crime, Weather, and Climate Change’, Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 67 (3), 274–302 39 4. Polly Higgins, Damien Short and Nigel South (2013), ‘Protecting the Planet: A Proposal for a Law of Ecocide’, Crime, Law and Social Change, 59 (3), 251–66 68 5. Ronald C. Kramer (2013), ‘Carbon in the Atmosphere and Power in America: Climate Change as State–Corporate Crime’, Journal of Crime and Justice, 36 (2), 153–70 84 6. William C. Tucker (2012), ‘Deceitful Tongues: Is Climate Change Denial a Crime?’, Ecology Law Quarterly, 39 (3), 831–92 102 7. Deniz Tekayak (2016), ‘Protecting Earth Rights and the Rights of Indigenous Peoples: Towards an International Crime of Ecocide’, Fourth World Journal, 14 (2), Winter, 5–13 164 8. Rob White and Ronald C. Kramer (2015), ‘Critical Criminology and the Struggle Against Climate Change Ecocide’, Critical Criminology, 23 (4), November, 383–99 173 PART II AIR, LAND AND WATER CRIMES 9. Reece Walters (2010), ‘Toxic Atmospheres Air Pollution, Trade and the Politics of Regulation’, Critical Criminology, 18 (4), 307–23 191 10. Rebecca S. Katz (2010), ‘The Corporate Crimes of Dow Chemical and the Failure to Regulate Environmental Pollution’, Critical Criminology, 18 (4), 295–306 208 11. Lieselot C.J. Bisschop, Staci Strobl and Julie S. Viollaz (2018), ‘Getting into Deep Water: Coastal Land Loss and State–Corporate Crime in the Louisiana Bayou’, British Journal of Criminology, 58 (4), July, 886–905 220 12. Elaine Barclay and Robyn Bartel (2015), ‘Defining Environmental Crime: The Perspective of Farmers’, Journal of Rural Studies, 39, June, 188–98 240 13. Hope Johnson, Nigel South and Reece Walters (2016), ‘The Commodification and Exploitation of Fresh Water: Property, Human Rights and Green Criminology’, International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice, 44, March, 146–62 251 14. Robyn Luise Bartel (2005), ‘When the Heavenly Gaze Criminalises: Satellite Surveillance, Land Clearance Regulation and the Human-Nature Relationship’, Current Issues in Criminal Justice, 16 (3), March, 322–39 268 PART III WASTE, ENERGY AND CONTAMINATION 15. Don Liddick (2010), ‘The Traffic in Garbage and Hazardous Wastes: An Overview’, Trends in Organized Crime, 13 (2–3), September, 134–46 287 16. Vincenzo Ruggiero and Nigel South (2013), ‘Toxic State–Corporate Crimes, Neo-Liberalism and Green Criminology: The Hazards and Legacies of the Oil, Chemical and Mineral Industries’, International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy, 2 (2), 12–26 300 17. Karen Hulme and Damien Short (2014), ‘Ecocide and the “Polluter Pays” Principle: The Case of Fracking’, Environmental Scientist, April, 7–10 315 18. David M. Uhlmann (2011), ‘After the Spill is Gone: The Gulf of Mexico, Environmental Crime, and the Criminal Law’, Michigan Law Review, 109, June, 1413–61 319 19. Elizabeth A. Bradshaw (2015), ‘“Obviously, We’re all Oil Industry”: The Criminogenic Structure of the Offshore Oil Industry’, Theoretical Criminology, 19 (3), 376–95 368 20. Dale C. Spencer and Amy Fitzgerald (2013), ‘Three Ecologies, Transversality and Victimization: The Case of the British Petroleum Oil Spill’, Crime, Law and Social Change, 59 (2), March, 209–23 388 PART IV ILLEGAL LOGGING, DEFORESTATION AND BIOPIRACY 21. Tim Boekhout van Solinge (2010), ‘Deforestation Crimes and Conflicts in the Amazon’, Critical Criminology, 18 (4), December, 263–77 404 22. Penny Green, Tony Ward and Kirsten McConnachie (2007), ‘Logging and Legality: Environmental Crime, Civil Society, and the State’, Social Justice, 34 (2), September, 94–110 419 23. Lieselot Bisschop (2012), ‘Out of the Woods: The Illegal Trade in Tropical Timber and a European Trade Hub’, Global Crime, 13 (3), August, 191–212 436 24. Reece Walters (2004), ‘Criminology and Genetically Modified Food’, British Journal of Criminology, 44 (2), March, 151–67 458 25. David Rodríguez Goyes and Nigel South (2016), ‘Land-Grabs, Biopiracy and the Inversion of Justice in Colombia’, British Journal of Criminology, 56 (3), 558–77 475 26. Reece Walters (2006), ‘Crime, Bio-Agriculture and the Exploitation of Hunger’, British Journal of Criminology, 46 (1), 26–45 495 PART V CROSS-OVER CRIMES AND ORGANISED CRIMINAL NETWORKS 27. Johan Bergenas and Ariella Knight (2015), ‘Green Terror: Environmental Crime and Illicit Financing’, SAIS Review of International Affairs, 35 (1), Winter–Spring, 119–31 516 28. Henrik Österblom, Andrew Constable and Sayaka Fukumi (2011), ‘Illegal Fishing and the Organized Crime Analogy’, Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 26 (6), June, 261–62 529 29. Daan P. van Uhm and William D. Moreto (2018), ‘Corruption Within the Illegal Wildlife Trade: A Symbiotic and Antithetical Enterprise’, British Journal of Criminology, 58 (4), July, 864–85 531 30. Peter Martin and Reece Walters (2013), ‘Fraud Risk and the Visibility of Carbon’, International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy, 2 (2), September, 27–42 553 31. Stefano Caneppele, Michele Riccardi and Priscilla Standridge (2013), ‘Green Energy and Black Economy: Mafia Investments in the Wind Power Sector in Italy’, Crime, Law and Social Change, 59 (3), April, 319–39 569 32. Julie Ayling (2013), ‘What Sustains Wildlife Crime? Rhino Horn Trading and the Resilience of Criminal Networks’, Journal of International Wildlife Law and Policy, 16 (1), March, 57–80 590 Index

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Book SynopsisThe European Union has succeeded in bringing into force an impressive package of regulatory measures aiming to provide a high level of environmental protection across the EU. As a result, scholars, students and practitioners are confronted with the challenge of gaining insight into this complex legislative framework and its effects. This wide-ranging Research Handbook investigates a multitude of substantive issues including waste, nature conservation, air pollution, water quality protection, chemical substantives and genetically modified organisms. Based on contributions developed by 40 environmental law scholars, this comprehensive Research Handbook discusses how the EU has used its regulatory power to steer towards environmentally friendly behaviour, delving into the deep concerns related to the compliance with and enforcement of EU environmental law. It also highlights the important role of civil society?s use of environmental procedural rights, and characterizes how the CJEU case law has contributed to the effective implementation of EU environmental legislation. Shedding light on the institutional, horizontal and sectoral dimensions of EU environmental law, the Research Handbook on EU Environmental Law will be a key resource for environmental law scholars both in the EU and worldwide, whilst also being of value to environmental law practitioners working in EU member states.Trade Review‘This book provides an excellent and comprehensive overview of the main topics and equips the reader with a rich basis of information and expertise. It invites the interested reader to join a discussion which covers many layers, sectors, institutions, successes, and challenges. More than simply enabling the reader to understand contemporary discourses in EU environmental law, it also brings to the forefront powerful ideas for improving its content and application in pursuit of an environmentally sustainable Europe.’ -- Christina Voigt, German Yearbook of International Law'This Research Handbook is an important one-stop shop for academics, practitioners, and students. It is a valuable teaching resource to stimulate the critical thinking of advanced students about the EU's approach to environmental law. It is also a must have for practitioners who are looking for short but critical analyses of the most important issues of EU environmental law.' -- Virginie Rouas, Law, Environment and Development Journal'With an impressive line-up of top quality academics in the area of European environmental law, this Research Handbook covers a broad range of highly topical issues. It will be a great read for academics and practitioners alike.' -- Jan Jans, University of Groningen, the NetherlandsTable of ContentsContents: Introduction: the challenge of understanding EU environmental law Marjan Peeters & Mariolina Eliantonio (editors) PART 1: INSTITUTIONAL AND HORIZONTAL ISSUES 1. Competences for EU environmental legislation: about blurry boundaries and potential opportunities Helle Tegner Anker 2. Where eagles dare: How much further may EU Member States go under Article 193 TFEU? Leonie Reins 3. Principles of EU environmental law, including the objective of sustainable development Gyula Bándi 4. The institutional architecture of EU environmental governance: the role of EU agencies Annalisa Volpato & Ellen Vos 5. The EU’s External Action after Lisbon: Competences, Policy Consistency and Participation in International Environmental Negotiations Antonio Cardesa-Salzmann & Elisa Morgera 6. Environment and trade law in the EU: Seeing the bees for the balance Sheet Geert van Calster 7. Transnational administrative acts in EU environmental law Luca De Lucia & Maria Chiara Romano PART 2 ENVIRONMENTAL PROCEDURAL RIGHTS 8. Access to environmental information under EU law Uzuazo Etemire 9. Access to public participation: Unveiling the mismatch between what law prescribes and what the public wants Lorenzo Squintani & Goda Perlaviciute 10. Access to justice in environmental matters in the EU: The EU’s difficult road towards non-compliance with the Aarhus Convention Matthijs van Wolferen & Mariolina Eliantonio 11. Environmental Impact Assessment in the EU Agustín García-Ureta PART 3: COMPLIANCE AND ENFORCEMENT MECHANISMS 12. Direct effect in EU environmental law: towards the end of a doctrine? Ludwig Krämer 13. Environmental Inspection by public authorities Martin Hedemann-Robinson 14. Enforcing environmental law through infringements and sanctioning: steering not rowing Melanie Smith PART 4: LIABILITY 15. Environmental liability: The difficulty of harmonizing different national civil liability systems Barbara Pozzo 16. Environmental criminal liability Michael Faure PART 5: SUBSTANTIVE APPROACHES 17. EU nature conservation law: fit for purpose An Cliquet 18. Beyond the 2019 Fitness Check of the Water Framework Directive: designing the future of European Water Law Nathalie Hervé-Fournereau 19. EU Air Pollution Law: Comprehensive But Insufficient Kendro Pedrosa & Bernard Vanheusden 20. Integrated Pollution and Prevention: A critical legal perspective on all-inclusive integration Lolke S Braaksma & Hanna Tolsma 21. Waste Framework Directive and the Circular Economy Chris Backes 22. Industrial chemicals in the regulatory laboratory: self-responsibility and inclusive governance Martin Führ & Julian Schenten 23. The Perfect Storm: GMO Governance and The EU Technocratic Turn. Giulia Claudia Leonelli 24. Light-vehicles Emissions Standards under EU Law in the wake of the `Diesn, Professor of Environmental Law, Faculty of Law, Hasselt University, Belgiumelgate’ Nicolas de Sadeleer 25. The EU’s approach to environmentally sustainable business: can disclosure overcome the failings of shareholder primacy? Andrew Johnston & Beate Sjåfjell PART 6 : CLIMATE LAW 26. The Paris Agreement, EU Climate Law and the Energy Union Estelle Brosset & Sandrine Maljean-Dubois 27. The EU Effort Sharing and LULUCF Regulations: The Complementary yet Crucial Components of the EU’s Climate Policy Beyond 2030 Seita Romppanen 28. EU emissions trading: its regulatory evolution and the role of the Court Stefan Weishaar 29. Energy efficiency and energy saving – the “first fuel” Thomas Schomerus PART 7: CONCLUSIONS 30. On Regulatory Power, Compliance, and the Role of the Court in EU Environmental Law Marjan Peeters & Mariolina Eliantonio Index

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Book SynopsisAlthough the world faces many environmental challenges, climate change continues to demand attention in both academic and public spheres. Innovation Addressing Climate Change Challenges explores ways in which market-based instruments and complementary policies can help countries meet their climate change goals following the Paris Agreement.In this insightful book, internationally distinguished climate change scholars have come together to examine the potential of a range of market-based instruments. These include carbon pricing, coal subsidies, vehicle taxation, government incentives for the electricity sector, and noise pollution taxes. Offering useful market-based perspectives, the book not only demonstrates the possibilities that these various instruments offer in reducing the risks of climate change, but also the challenges that exist in utilizing them. These insights will help to inform the many climate policy decisions that lie ahead.Astute and forward thinking, this timely book will be of vital importance to both students and scholars of environmental law and environmental economics with a particular focus on climate change. Political science students, as well as government officials, will also find its guidance on future policy engaging and timely.Table of ContentsContents: Foreword by Janet E. Milne Preface PART I Carbon pricing design and prospects 1. Introducing carbon taxes - issues and barriers Stefan E. Weishaar 2. Border adjustment with taxes or allowances to level the price of carbon Mikael Skou Andersen 3. Towards Bottom-up carbon pricing in Canada Takeshi Kawakatsu and Sven Rudolph 4. Beyond Thunderdome? The prospects of federal greenhouse gas cap-and-trade in Australia Elena Aydos and Sven Rudolph 5. How market-based emissions reduction mechanisms affect private property in Australia Vanessa Johnston PART II Complementary tax approaches 6. Vehicle taxation in EU member states Claudia Kettner and Daniela Kletzan-Slamanig 7. Cutting Europe’s lifelines to coal subsidies Shelagh Whitley, Laurie van der Burgh, Leah Worrall and Sejal Patel 8. Noise pollution taxes: a possibility to explore Marta Villar Ezcurra 9. Tackling environmental pollution in Seoul, South Korea through tax incentives and related strategies Stephanie Lee, Heidi Hylton Meier and Paul J. Lee PART III Revenue perspectives 10. Green ICMS - Brazil’s tax revenue distribution based on environmental criteria Lise Tupiassu, Bernardo Mendonça Nobrega and Jean-Raphaël Gros-Désormaux 11. Climate change-related action and non-productive investments in the European Union María Amparo Grau Ruiz 12. Total economic value of the Cagayan de Oro river basin Rosalina Palanca-Tan, Catherine Roween Chico-Almaden, Ma. Kresna Navarro, Marichu Melendez-Obedencio and Caroline Laarni Rubio-Sereñas PART IV Incentives for the electricity sector 13. Low-income households in New York’s Reforming the Energy Visions Ross Astoria 14. Mitigating the environmental consequences of electricity sector “lock in”: options for a de-carbonised energy future Rowena Cantley-Smith 15. An overview of zero emission credits for nuclear power plants in the United States Hans Sprohge and Larry Kreiser Index

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Book SynopsisThis timely Research Handbook offers an insightful review of how legal systems – whether domestic, international or transnational – can and should adjust to fairly and effectively support loss and damage (L&D) claims in climate change law. International contributors guide readers through a detailed assessment of the history and current state of L&D provisions under the UN climate regime and consider the opportunities to fund L&D claims both within and outside the UN climate system. Split into four parts, the Research Handbook investigates the current legal frameworks for L&D across both public international law and domestic law. Chapters explore foundational issues including equity and justice and give a critical assessment of the current state and potential future evolution of international legal systems. The contributing authors also discuss the challenges faced by different legal systems in dealing effectively and fairly with L&D.Providing a comprehensive overview of this important topic, this Research Handbook will be an excellent resource for climate lawyers and policymakers. It will also be an invaluable read for academics and students researching environmental and climate issues.Trade Review‘Meinhard Doelle and Sara L. Seck offer a brave and overdue intervention into conventional climate law and loss & damage scholarship. They adopt an unflinchingly equity-oriented approach to climate law and explore some of the most contentious yet essential challenges – including climate justice, racial capitalism, colonialism, intersectionality and private sector participation. In addition to grappling with these challenges head on, the book also offers granular analysis of core questions of international law and international institutions and would be essential reading for anyone interested in climate law, loss & damage, or more far-reaching questions of how to draw upon the rule of law to build a safer and more equitable world.’ -- Cinnamon Carlarne, The Ohio State University, US‘Meinhard Doelle and Sara Seck bring together an impressive update on this ever evolving subject, providing required discussions on the importance of our response to climate change. Well-respected contributors provide insightful thoughts on the topic making this an essential read for those practicing within climate law and policy and academics and scholars studying the environment and climate change.’ -- Mary Robinson, Former President of Ireland and Adjunct Professor, Trinity College, Dublin, Republic of IrelandTable of ContentsContents: 1 Introducing loss and damage 1 Meinhard Doelle and Sara L Seck PART I FRAMEWORKS 2 Equity considerations in loss and damage 18 Nathalie J. Chalifour 3 The sacrifice zones of carbon capitalism: race, expendability, and loss and damage 43 Carmen G. Gonzalez 4 Measuring the immeasurable: loss and damage from climate change in international law 60 Usha Natarajan PART II PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW 5 Loss and damage under the Convention 75 Linda Siegele 6 Loss and damage under the Paris Agreement 100 Linda Siegele 7 Arrested development: the late and inequitable integration of loss and damage finance into the UNFCCC 127 Patricia Galvão Ferreira 8 Against the headwind: innovative sources of loss and damage finance 149 Patricia Galvão Ferreira 9 State responsibility for damages associated with climate change 166 Christina Voigt 10 Valuation of climate change loss and damage 184 Cymie R Payne 11 A rights-based approach to loss and damage due to climate change 201 Katherine Lofts, Sébastien Jodoin and Larissa Parker 12 Indigenous peoples, climate change loss and damage, and the responsibilities of states 223 Kyle Powys Whyte 13 Loss and damage, climate displacement and international law: addressing the protection gap 244 Sumudu Atapattu 14 Loss and damage, disaster law, and climate change 266 Anastasia Telesetsky 15 Solar radiation modification and loss & damage: mapping interactions between climate responses 286 Neil Craik PART III DOMESTIC, TRANSNATIONAL AND PRIVATE INTERNATIONAL LAW 16 Atmospheric recovery litigation around the world: gaining natural resource damages against carbon majors to fund a sky cleanup for climate restoration 303 Mary Christina Wood 17 Loss and damage in European litigation 331 Roda Verheyen and Johannes Franke 18 Towards a civil liability regime for climate-related loss and damage 349 Sharon Mascher 19 Think globally, sue locally: challenges and opportunities in international climate litigation in domestic courts 368 Andrew Gage 20 Carbon major companies and liability for loss and damage 390 Lisa Benjamin 21 Class actions and climate change loss and damage litigation 409 C. Cameron and R. Weyman PART IV CONCLUSIONS 22 Pathways and prospects for loss & damage and climate justice 433 Sara L Seck and Meinhard Doelle Index

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Book SynopsisGlobal food insecurity is a growing issue. At a time when the world's population is increasing and agricultural production is challenged by climate change, it is estimated that around a third of the food produced globally is lost or wasted. This book examines the problem of food loss and waste (FLW) and the policies that could be enacted to remedy this fundamental global concern.Michael Blakeney provides a well-rounded view of FLW from production to plate. He begins by examining the problems associated with defining and measuring food waste, arguing that more reliable data on FLW is key to the creation of effective FLW reduction policies. He goes on to address the drivers of FLW, the environmental impacts of FLW and the moral and ethical considerations that are linked to the issue. Food Loss and Waste concludes with a critical assessment of FLW reduction strategies across the food supply chain.Providing the first comprehensive assessment of FLW and its remedies, this book will be of great interest to scholars working in the fields of food security, agricultural law and policy and rural economics. Policy makers involved in food policy and security will also find this a valuable resource as it identifies and analyses FLW policies on an international scale.Trade Review'Food waste is a problem of staggering global size. In this tour de force Michael Blakeney unravels the networked complexity of the problem and advances creative regulatory solutions for helping to reduce the scale of the problem.' --Peter Drahos, European University Institute, Italy'The subject of food waste is increasingly compelling the attention of policy makers and stakeholders along the food supply chain. In the absence of a developed literature on the subject, Professor Blakeney's book provides a comprehensive review of the drivers of food waste and remedies for its minimization. It also provides valuable insights into the formulation of food waste policy.' --Kadambot Siddique, University of Western AustraliaTable of ContentsContents: 1. Food Loss and Waste and Food Security 2. Definitions and Metrics 3. Environmental Impacts 4. Drivers of Food Waste 5. Ethical Issues 6. Regulatory Options 7. Strategies for FLW Reduction 8. Policy Formulation Index

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Book SynopsisChallenging historic assumptions about human relationships with nature, Jan G. Laitos examines how environmental laws have addressed environmental problems in the past, and the reasons for the laws' inability to successfully prevent environmental contamination and alterations of critical environmental systems. This forward-thinking book offers a creative and organic alternative to traditional but ultimately unsuccessful environmental rules, highlighting that established approaches to existential threats impacting our natural environment cannot be relied upon.Calling for a rethinking of how science is best used in environmental law, it explains the need for a new generation of environmental laws grounded in the universal laws of nature which might succeed where past and current approaches have largely failed. Proposing a new algorithm for the formulation of workable environmental laws, Laitos explores the ways in which these should be linked to the laws of connection, simplicity, economy, and symmetry. This innovative book illustrates examples of this new class of laws, based not on regulations and rules, but on rights and duties.Rethinking Environmental Law will be an illuminating read for students and scholars of environmental law and policy. Suggesting an alternative role for science in developing environmental policy, it will also be of value to environmental policy makers.Trade Review'In an era when almost all commentators believe we must rethink environmental law, Jan G. Laitos stands out for having rethought it from top to bottom to align environmental law's ''algorithm'' with the Laws of Nature. Distilling those laws to the three core universal principles of connectedness, economy, and symmetry, he leverages them to redesign the new algorithm around the concept of the social-ecological system, to which environmental law must assign rights and to which humans must bear positive duties of protection. Along the way he offers a sweeping history and critique of environmental law‚Äôs current algorithm of separation between humans and Nature. Anyone thinking we need to rethink environmental law should start with Laitos's splendid book, and perhaps end there as well.' -- J.B. Ruhl, Vanderbilt University Law School, US'Almost everyone who works in environmental and natural resources law acknowledges that some changes are necessary, from the basics of recognizing that that various environmental media-air, water, land‚Äìare connected to the thornier issue of how to cope with climate change and the other realities of the Anthropocene. Jan G. Laitos goes back to first principles to ask how human-created environmental and natural resources law can better align with natural law. He offers a compelling mantra of symmetry, economy, and entanglement to replace our current emphasis on separation. Along the way, he touches on most of the most important currently debated issues in this field of law: the proper role of science in formulating policy; systems thinking; Earth Law; and Rights of Nature before returning again to first principles: every right has an accompanying duty. Rethinking Environmental Law's clear prose and fast pace make it accessible to anyone curious about the issues facing human ''management'' of the environment in the 21st century, while still offering an argument provocative to seasoned practitioners.' -- Robin Kundis Craig, University of Southern California, US'Jan G. Laitos has been the most intellectually creative, insightful, transdisciplinary, and underappreciated scholar of his generation - the ''first-generation'' of environmental law scholarship. Rethinking Environmental Law provides a profound reconsideration of how human environmental laws relate (or fail to relate) to the ''Laws of Nature,'' and offers a blueprint for re-configuring American environmental law that is theoretically well-grounded, yet eminently practical. Scholars in future decades will cite this book as a seminal contribution.' -- Daniel H. Cole, Indiana University, USTable of ContentsContents: Prologue 1. Introduction: Replacing the standard algorithm for environmental law PART I UTILITARIAN SCIENCE AND A PRESUMPTION OF SEPARATION 2. Introduction to Part I 3. The standard model of nature and humans, and the historic presumption of separation 4. Environmental laws and the rule of separation PART II LOOK AT MOTHER NATURE ON THE RUN 5. Introduction to Part II 6. The reckoning PART III EXPLANATORY SCIENCE AND A NEW PRESUMPTION OF ENTANGLEMENT 7. Introduction to Part III 8. A more realistic model of nature and humans, reflecting a presumption of entanglement 9. Environmental laws reflecting a presumption of entanglement 10. The paralysis paradox and the untapped role of explanatory science in solving “big” environmental problems PART IV NO NEED FOR MORE LAW, ONLY DIFFERENT LAW 11. Introduction to Part IV 12. The laws of nature and the principle of universality 13. Environmental law and the Universal Laws of Nature PART V SYMMETRICAL ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTIONS: RECIPROCAL RIGHTS AND DUTIES CONFORMING TO NATURE’S LAWS 14. Introduction to Part V 15. A positive legal right for the social-ecological system 16. A positive duty imposed on humans to ensure the survival of Earth’s SES Index

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Book SynopsisFacts and feelings constitute a complex tension in modern science. Not only can public opinion deviate from scientific knowledge, but that knowledge itself can be lacunose or contradicting. Managing Facts and Feelings in Environmental Governance examines this internal friction, between the need to engage the public in the importance of environmental governance and the demand of professional expertise to address the issues that arise. This timely and insightful book acknowledges the growing role of behavioural science in the determination of environmental policy, regulation and decision-making, providing astute guidance to decision-makers regarding how to balance the needs of public participation procedures and professional expertise. Its multidisciplinary approach provides new insights in the field of public participation, enabling further analysis of environmental psychology, equality law and fundamental rights and offers concrete guidance on how to approach natural science in court. Engaging with the role that the precautionary principle can play in balancing tensions between public and academic spheres, this book includes a state-of-the-art account of the precautionary approach under EU and International Law. Combining law in action with academic approaches, this book is a must-read for scholars of environmental law, governance and regulation. It also offers valuable guidance for decision-makers and NGOs active in environmental protection, as well as environmental lawyers at national, European and international levels.Trade Review‘The book is a valuable contribution to current scholarship and practice in environmental law, and it is especially significant in inviting further studies on these issues.’ -- Anne Saab, Review of European, Comparative and International Environmental Law'This book enriches the existing literature on environmental law and policy by discussing the often underestimated influence of facts and feelings on policy decisions. Its scientific approach and the wide experience of the contributors have generated a full consideration of all facets of the problem, including the points of view of industry, environmentalists, scientists and judges. Participation problems, the precautionary principle, the innovation principle and the judges' problems of making decisions in cases of tensions between facts and feelings are discussed in detail. The book presents an innovative and thought-inspiring insight into the challenges and difficulties of environmental decision-making.' --Ludwig Krämer, Derecho y Medio Ambiente S.L., SpainTable of ContentsContents: Foreword 1. Introduction Lorenzo Squintani, Jan Darpö, Luc Lavrysen and Peter-Tobias Stoll Part 1 The Inclusion and Management of the Feelings and Opinions of the Public in Environmental Decision-Making 2. Public Participation in Decision-Making on Energy Projects: When Does it Lead to Better and More Acceptable Energy Projects? Goda Perlaviciute 3. Towards Equal Opportunities in Public Participation in Environmental Matters in the European Union Lorenzo Squintani and Hendrik Schoukens 4. When Feelings Become Scientific Facts: Valuing Cultural Ecosystem Services and Taking Them Into Account in Public Decision-Making Alexandra Aragão Part II Scientific Evidence In Environmental Judicial Proceedings 5. Understanding the Nuts and Bolts: Scientific and Technical Knowledge in Environmental Litigation: National Solutions, EU Requirements and Current Challenges Jan Darpö 6. Scientific Facts and Litigants' Feelings: Practical Innovations From the Vermont Environmental Court and Other Jurisdictions Merideth Wright 7. Scientific evidence in Swedish courts: the use of technical judges for better integration of scientific data in environmental decision-making Mikael Schultz Part III The Precautionary Principle: A Challenged Tool to Manage Scientific Uncertainty 8. Of Fear and Prudence: Precaution Through Better Regulation and Innovation Peter-Tobias Stoll 9. The Limits to Precaution in International Trade Law: From WTO Law to EU Trade Agreements Wybe Th. Douma 10. Conclusions: facts and feelings as catalysts for environmental administration 3.0 Lorenzo Squintani, Jan Darpö, Luc Lavrysen and Peter-Tobias Stoll Index

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Book SynopsisBringing together leading scholars from across a diverse range of disciplines, this unique book examines a key question: How can we best conserve marine living resources in the Polar regions, where climate change effects and human activities are particularly pressing? Part one of this timely book focuses on Antarctica, centring on the evolving work of the Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources in managing the marine living resources of the Southern Ocean. Part two explores the multi-level governance regime in the Arctic, analysing the central Arctic Ocean fisheries agreement, the role of the Arctic Council and law and governance in Arctic states. Finally, part three considers some of the new challenges and opportunities, including new technology, bioprospecting and dispute settlement. Providing a comprehensive assessment of the governance regimes of marine living resources in the Polar regions, this book will be of great interest to academics, NGOs, international organizations and government officials, whilst also being a key resource for practitioners working in the fisheries industries. Trade Review‘The book paints a well-rounded picture of the state of play on issues of polar region marine living resource management in the second decade of the twenty-first century.’ -- Andrew Serdy, Ocean Yearbook‘Governing Marine Living Resources in the Polar Regions is one of the first books to comprehensively cover fisheries management in both Polar regions. With its unique concurrent analysis of the Antarctic and Arctic legal regimes, it addresses the question of how governance frameworks can be developed in the polar regions in a manner that effectively reconciles human needs and environmental protection. This book will appeal to both those involved in fisheries management and broader Polar governance and policy. It greatly contributes to the current literature by providing a better understand of the overarching global issues facing both Poles and how they have responded considering their very different governance regimes. As the first book to focus on this area, it synthesises the current understanding of marine living resources at the Poles, and with a unique focus on science and new actors in the Polar regions, highlights the benefits of a circumpolar approach to fisheries management.’ -- Claudia Sosin, Marine Policy‘This book offers a range of interesting insights into contemporary polar oceans marine living resource management.’ -- Tim Stephens, The Polar Journal‘This edited volume on the governance of marine living resources in the polar regions brings together a significant number of scholarly articles by an excellent mix of leading and established researchers and practitioners, as well as promising early-career academics. The research is very timely indeed...There is no doubt that this edited volume succeeds in its objective of providing a broad range of readers with a sound and solid assessment of key features of the governance regimes of marine living resources in the polar regions.’ -- Erik J. Molenaar, The International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law'The polar regions are sentinels for biophysical change, changes that are in turn likely to have a range of impacts on geopolitics, human activities, resource use and environmental management. This book provides a timely and significant assessment of these opportunities and challenges, drawing on insights from experts on the Arctic and Southern Oceans. These perspectives - from science, law and political science - provide a comprehensive assessment of the current state of marine resource management in the polar regions.' --Marcus Haward, University of Tasmania, Australia'The Earth's marine systems are under increasing pressure, nowhere more so than in the polar regions. In this timely volume, a team of knowledgeable analysts assess the capacity of existing Antarctic and Arctic regimes to cope with the resultant governance challenges. This work will be of interest not only to those concerned with the polar regions but also to the broader community of those interested in the fate of the world's marine systems in this era of global change.' --Oran R. Young, University of California, Santa Barbara, USTable of ContentsContents List of contributors vii Foreword by Klaus Dodds xiii Foreword by Karen N. Scott xviii Acknowledgement xxi 1 Introduction 1 Nengye Liu, Cassandra M. Brooks and Tianbao Qin PART I ANTARCTICA 2 The principles of the Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources: why its Commission is not a Regional Fisheries Management Organisation 9 Anthony J. Press, Indi Hodgson-Johnston and Andrew J. Constable 3 Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR): implementation of conservation of Southern Ocean marine living resources 30 Keith Reid 4 Geopolitical complexity at the bottom of the world: CCAMLR’s ongoing challenge of adopting marine protected areas 43 Cassandra M. Brooks 5 Inclusive and evidence-based decision-making in CCAMLR: a basis for ensuring compliance? 66 Nils Vanstappen PART II ARCTIC 6 Governance of fisheries in the Central Arctic Ocean: cooperative currents, foggy future 92 David L. VanderZwaag 7 Russia and Arctic fisheries 109 Alexander Sergunin 8 Governing access rights to harvesting marine living resources: the case of the Svalbard Archipelago 138 Sandra Cassotta and Rachel Tiller PART III FUTURE CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS 9 Frozen robots: autonomous underwater vehicles and unmanned aerial vehicles in the Antarctic: a new tool or a new challenge for sustainable ocean governance? 158 David Leary 10 Bioprospecting in Antarctica: obligations and challenges 177 Ana Fl.via Barros-Platiau, Carina Costa de Oliveira, Gabriela G.B. Lima Moraes and Pierre Mazzega 11 The settlement of disputes concerning conservation of fish stocks in the Arctic and Antarctic high seas: towards comprehensive compulsory jurisdiction? 196 Valentin J. Schatz 12 The future of governing marine living resources in the Polar Regions 222 Nengye Liu and Cassandra M. Brooks Index 229

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Book SynopsisProviding in-depth coverage of each article of the Paris Agreement, this Commentary offers a comprehensive, legal analysis of this most recent and important international instrument on climate change. This provision-by-provision textual analysis examines the commitments that parties to the Agreement have made to undertake ambitious efforts to combat climate change and adapt to its effects, whilst providing additional support to developing countries.Describing the history, implementation and operation of the Paris Agreement, this Commentary is indispensable for obtaining a deep and nuanced understanding of the way in which the global community seeks to intensify its efforts to address climate change. Written by internationally renowned contributors, it discusses recent examples of implementation of the Agreement and nationally determined contributions (NDCs).Clearly written and accessible, this Commentary will be a vital resource for policy makers and government officials involved in climate change across the globe, whilst also being valuable for practitioners, scholars and students of climate change law and policy.Trade Review'This Commentary brings together 22 eminent climate, energy and environmental law scholars to provide a much-needed, comprehensive analysis of the ground-breaking Paris Agreement. This will be a valuable go-to resource for policy makers, scholars and students alike.' -- Jolene Lin, National University of Singapore'For anyone wanting to understand the intricacies of the all-important Paris Climate Agreement, this book will be indispensable. For each of the Agreement's 29 articles it provides a clear explanation of the origins, meaning and related authorities, with ample references. I wish I had it the last time I was puzzling through a section. The editors and chapter authors, all of them real experts, have provided a major service to everyone involved with or studying global climate governance.' -- Michael B. Gerrard, Columbia Law School, US'This Commentary is an essential reading for all who want to understand the ''what, why and how'' of the Paris Agreement's rules and architecture. It offers history, interpretation and implementation guidance in a comprehensive manner. Geert Van Calster and Leonie Reins did an excellent job in making the complexity of the Agreement accessible to a larger audience.' -- Professor Christina Voigt, University of Oslo, NorwayTable of ContentsContents: Table of cases xxi Table of legislation Introduction –The Paris Agreement on Climate Change 1 Leonie Reins and Geert Van Calster The Preamble 5 Ben Boer Article 1 Scope of obligations: terms and definitions 33 Rowena Cantley-Smith Article 2 Aims, objectives and principles 73 Navraj Singh Ghaleigh Article 3 Aims, objectives and principles 94 Navraj Singh Ghaleigh and Cleo Verkuijl Article 4 Mitigation 109 Benoît Mayer Article 5 Sinks, reservoirs of GHGs and forests 133 Annalisa Savaresi and Lucia Perugini Article 6 Voluntary cooperation/NDCs 148 Matthieu Wemaëre Article 7 Adaptation 172 Cathrine Ramstad Wenger Article 8 Loss and damage 200 Elisa Calliari, Lisa Vanhala, Linnéa Nordlander, Daniel Puig, Fatemeh Bakhtiari, Md Fahad Hossain, Saleemul Huq, and M. Feisal Rahman Article 9 Finance 218 Michael Mehling Article 10 Technology development and transfer 237 Matthew Rimmer Article 11 Capacity-building 260 Gokce Mete Article 12 Education and training 284 Jelena Bäumler and Thomas Schomerus Article 13 Enhanced transparency framework for action and support 302 Harro van Asselt and Kati Kulovesi Article 14 The global stocktake 326 Marjan Peeters Article 15 Compliance mechanism 347 Lisa Benjamin, Rueanna Haynes and Bryce Rudyk Article 16 Institutional provisions 364 Jed Odermatt Article 17 Institutional provisions 369 Jed Odermatt Article 18 Institutional provisions 371 Jed Odermatt Article 19 Institutional provisions 373 Jed Odermatt Article 20 Concluding the Paris Agreement: signature and consent to be bound 375 Rowena Cantley-Smith Article 21 Entry into force and ratification 386 Rowena Cantley-Smith Article 22 Amending the Paris Agreement 390 Rowena Cantley-Smith Article 23 Annexes to the Paris Agreement 395 Rowena Cantley-Smith Article 24 Settlement of disputes under the Paris Agreement 400 Rowena Cantley-Smith Article 25 Voting rights 411 Rowena Cantley-Smith Article 26 Depositary of the Paris Agreement 414 Rowena Cantley-Smith Article 27 Reservations to the Paris Agreement 416 Rowena Cantley-Smith Article 28 Withdrawal from the Paris Agreement 422 Rowena Cantley-Smith Article 29 Authentication and adoption of the Paris Agreement’s text 428 Rowena Cantley-Smith Index 435

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Book SynopsisThis important Research Handbook provides a guide to navigating the tangled array of laws and policies available to counter the multiple threats of ocean acidification. It investigates the limitations and opportunities for addressing ocean acidification under global governance frameworks, including multilateral environmental agreements, law of the sea and human rights instruments. The book also describes regional and national approaches and challenges in responding to ocean acidification. The special vulnerabilities of the Arctic, Antarctic and South Pacific are highlighted. Limited responses by regional sea programmes and regional fisheries management organizations are summarized. Case studies are provided from Australia, Brazil, China and the United States. This discerning Research Handbook will be a welcome read for policy makers and students with an interest in the laws and policies of marine governance and climate change. This will also be an ideal read for those who are interested in the pressing environmental issues facing the world community.Trade Review‘. . . the edited collection makes for an excellent contribution to the literature on ocean acidification. Many of the contributions address issues that have not yet received much scholarly attention, while those that cover more familiar topics provide new perspectives and track recent developments in the legal and policy response to ocean acidification. Research Handbook on Ocean Acidification Law and Policy certainly succeeds in providing “a navigational guide to the tangled currents” of responding to ocean acidification at the global, regional and national levels. For this, the editors and the contributors are to be commended. Hopefully this guide will not only be the basis for further scholarly investigation of the different challenges ocean acidification presents, but will also be read by policymakers at different levels of governance and go some way to steering them towards more effective responses to continuing ocean acidification.’ -- Philipp Peter Nickels, The International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law‘Like climate change, ocean acidification is caused by rising carbon dioxide emissions. However, unlike the former, its adverse impacts on the marine ecosystems globally, biological diversity, human rights and food security are largely unaddressed. This Research Handbook draws attention to this gap in law and policy; a gap in dire need of closing. The opportunities, the book suggests, lie in regional, national and sub-national responses. The success depends on whether governments rise to this major challenge. In this context, the book is an alarm bell.’ -- Christina Voigt, University of Oslo, NorwayTable of ContentsContents: 1 Introduction to the Research Handbook on Ocean Acidification Law and Policy 1 David L VanderZwaag, Nilüfer Oral, and Tim Stephens PART I SCIENTIFIC CONTEXT 2 Ocean acidification: scientific understanding and challenges 11 Dan Laffoley, John M Baxter, Elizabeth B Jewett, Maureen T Brooks and Nelson A Lagos PART II GLOBAL LAW AND POLICY 3 Implications of the Paris Agreement for Action on Ocean Acidification within the UNFCCC 24 Ellycia R Harrould-Kolieb 4 Ocean acidification and multilateral environmental agreements 37 Naporn Popattanachai and Elizabeth A Kirk 5 Maritime transport and ocean acidification 53 Beatriz Martinez Romera 6 Ocean acidification and a new treaty on marine biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction 61 Joanna Mossop 7 Food security, fisheries and ocean acidification: a human rights based approach 74 Hilal Elver and Nilüfer Oral PART III REGIONAL LAW AND POLICY 8 Regional seas programmes and ocean acidification 94 Kerry Tetzlaff 9 Regional fisheries bodies and ocean acidification 123 Rosemary Rayfuse 10 Ocean acidification and the Arctic: regional scientific and governance responses 142 Nadja Steiner and David L VanderZwaag 11 Southern Ocean acidification and the Antarctic Treaty System 164 Karen N Scott 12 Ocean acidification and Pacific Island countries and territories: sounding the alarm on an existential threat 179 Clement Yow Mulalap PART IV NATIONAL LAW AND POLICY 13 Ocean acidification: science, policy and law in Australia 201 Ellycia R Harrould-Kolieb and Tim Stephens 14 Brazilian policy and law review on ocean acidification and climate change: achievements and challenges 220 Maria Helena Fonseca de Souza Rolim and Victor Alencar Mayer Feitosa Ventura 15 Ocean acidification and China’s response 238 Jiayu Bai and Jiaxin Sui 16 The battle against ocean acidification in the United States 260 Sherry P Broder Index

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Book SynopsisThe environmental challenges of the twenty-first century have raised profound questions regarding the suitability of environmental law to manage the many complex issues at hand. This insightful book considers how the law has adapted to address these challenges and considers the ways in which it might be used to cope with environmental risks and uncertainties, whilst also promoting resilience and greater equality. The book uses a multi-disciplinary approach to address the compatibility of law with the notions of risk and resilience, it scrutinises how capable these approaches are to effect equitable solutions to environmental risks, and it raises important questions about multi-level and participatory governance. Key chapters examine a variety of global experiments in countries such as China and countries in Latin America, to generate further governance of the environment, improve the available legal tools and give a voice to more diverse groups. Students and scholars across a variety of fields such as environmental studies, socio-legal studies, law, and risk regulation will find this an stimulating read. Senior policy-makers in central and local government, regulators and risk managers will also find this book imperative in their efforts to manage the dilemmas of environmental control.Contributors include: F.H. Barnes, D. Curran, C. Holley, B.M. Hutter, C. Ituarte-Lima, T. Johnson, J. McDonald, L. Patton, O.W. Pedersen, D. Satterthwaite, E. Sofronova, H. WangTrade Review'This well-timed book tackles two of the most vexing, intertwined governance challenges facing global society: climate change and inequality. Its rich collection of chapters brings transnational, multi-disciplinary perspectives to illuminate possible pathways forward toward a more resilient and just future.' --Cary Coglianese, University of Pennsylvania, USTable of ContentsContents: Preface Part I: Introduction 1. Risk, resilience and inequality: current dilemmas in environmental regulation. Bridget M. Hutter Part II: A changing environmental landscape 2. Risk, resilience and environmental regulation: Using law to build resilience to climate change impacts. Jan McDonald 3. Resilience in environmental law: epistemic limitations and the role of participation. Ole W. Pedersen Part III: Inequality: the social and economic consequences of environmental law 4. Climate change, resilience, and the generation of risk-classes. Dean Curran 5. Transformative biodiversity law and Agenda 2030: mainstreaming biodiversity and justice through human rights. Claudia Ituarte-Lima 6. Inequalities in environmental risks and resilience within urban populations in low and middle income nations. David Satterthwaite Part IV: Governance 7. New environmental governance: adaptation, resilience and law. Cameron Holley and Ekaterina Sefranova 8. Science and the law: how will developments in attribution science affect how the law addresses compensation for climate change effects? Lindene Patton and Felicia H. Barnes. 9. Dialogue strategies for socio-ecological resilience and sustainability in China. Hua Wang. 10. Environmental risks and authoritarian resilience in China. Thomas Johnson Part V: Conclusion 11. Risk, Resilience, Inequality and Environmental Law: Prospects and Obstacles Bridget M. Hutter Index

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Book SynopsisThis Advanced Introduction provides a clear and accessible guide to the essential elements of environmental compliance and enforcement programs. It examines compliance programs designed to assist regulated entities in meeting their obligations, as well as enforcement tools designed to address non-compliance - such as administrative, civil judicial, and criminal enforcement. Offering an insightful overview of this important area, Lee Paddock highlights recent developments that are changing the way compliance and enforcement work is practiced.Key features include: a review of how the role of criminal enforcement has evolved discussion of traditional compliance monitoring and the role of citizen science examination of the increasing importance of private environmental governance, and the role that government agencies can play in supporting these practices exploration of the need to consider “next generation” and “smart regulation” strategies. This concise and nuanced book will be a key resource for students and scholars of environmental law and politics, criminal law and justice and international policy, as well as environmental enforcement professionals worldwide. Trade Review‘Advanced Introduction to Environmental Compliance and Enforcement provides both accessible and comprehensive coverage of modern environmental compliance and enforcement issues. Paddock skilfully weaves together foundational and advanced insights to make an important contribution to our understandings of many novel compliance and enforcement challenges, including program design, optimising mixes of tools and parties, citizen science and monitoring, and private governance. This book will be of great interest to governments, policy makers, students and academics.’ -- Cameron Holley, University of New South Wales, Australia‘As the former Chief of Environmental Enforcement, Environment and Natural Resources Division (ENRD), US Department of Justice, I have had the occasion to review a number of books about environmental compliance and enforcement. This book by Lee Paddock is the best, and reflects his considerable knowledge born of years of experience as a State Assistant Attorney General, and as a Professor and Dean at two leading law schools. His book covers all the basics, but adds new developments including citizen science and monitoring, private governance, and both civil and criminal enforcement.’ -- John C. Cruden, former Assistant Attorney General, ENRD‘Lee Paddock's Advanced Introduction accomplishes a major feat: it brings together the full range of constantly evolving environmental enforcement challenges into a set of clear explanations and feasible recommendations. Its well-organized chapters untangle enforcement’s overlapping dimensions, from inspection and judicial procedures to private management and international supply lines, and examines each in a systematic, informed, and applicable way. This book is an essential foundation for anyone studying environmental law and an invaluable reference for anyone working in the field.’ -- Mark Ungar, Graduate Center, CUNY, US‘Paddock’s comprehensive overview uses examples from around the world to illustrate environmental compliance and enforcement challenges and opportunities. The book blends theory and practice in discussing foundational matters such as enforcement strategies, tools, and mechanisms. It also explores innovations in citizen enforcement, the relationship between enforcement and environmental justice, and the role of private environmental governance. This book will be an essential resource for anyone interested in environmental enforcement, from the uninitiated to the most experienced practitioners, policymakers, and academics.’ -- Robert Glicksman, George Washington University Law School, USTable of ContentsContents: Preface PART 1 Introduction and Design Elements 1. Introduction to the Advanced Introduction to Environmental Compliance and Enforcement 2. Compliance and Enforcement Design Elements PART 2 Compliance and Enforcement Theories and Strategies 3. Compliance and Enforcement Theories 4. Compliance and Enforcement Strategies PART 3 Inspections and Monitoring 5. Inspections 6. Monitoring PART 4 Compliance Assistance and Administrative Enforcement 7. Compliance 8. Administrative Enforcement PART 5 Civil Judicial and Criminal Enforcement 9. Civil Judicial Enforcement 10. Criminal Enforcement PART 6 Sanctions 11. Civil Penalty Policies 12. Criminal Sanction PART 7 Private Environmental Governance and Enforcement 13. Private Environmental Governance References Index

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Book SynopsisThis Advanced Introduction provides a clear and accessible guide to the essential elements of environmental compliance and enforcement programs. It examines compliance programs designed to assist regulated entities in meeting their obligations, as well as enforcement tools designed to address non-compliance - such as administrative, civil judicial, and criminal enforcement. Offering an insightful overview of this important area, Lee Paddock highlights recent developments that are changing the way compliance and enforcement work is practiced.Key features include: a review of how the role of criminal enforcement has evolved discussion of traditional compliance monitoring and the role of citizen science examination of the increasing importance of private environmental governance, and the role that government agencies can play in supporting these practices exploration of the need to consider “next generation” and “smart regulation” strategies. This concise and nuanced book will be a key resource for students and scholars of environmental law and politics, criminal law and justice and international policy, as well as environmental enforcement professionals worldwide. Trade Review‘Advanced Introduction to Environmental Compliance and Enforcement provides both accessible and comprehensive coverage of modern environmental compliance and enforcement issues. Paddock skilfully weaves together foundational and advanced insights to make an important contribution to our understandings of many novel compliance and enforcement challenges, including program design, optimising mixes of tools and parties, citizen science and monitoring, and private governance. This book will be of great interest to governments, policy makers, students and academics.’ -- Cameron Holley, University of New South Wales, Australia‘As the former Chief of Environmental Enforcement, Environment and Natural Resources Division (ENRD), US Department of Justice, I have had the occasion to review a number of books about environmental compliance and enforcement. This book by Lee Paddock is the best, and reflects his considerable knowledge born of years of experience as a State Assistant Attorney General, and as a Professor and Dean at two leading law schools. His book covers all the basics, but adds new developments including citizen science and monitoring, private governance, and both civil and criminal enforcement.’ -- John C. Cruden, former Assistant Attorney General, ENRD‘Lee Paddock's Advanced Introduction accomplishes a major feat: it brings together the full range of constantly evolving environmental enforcement challenges into a set of clear explanations and feasible recommendations. Its well-organized chapters untangle enforcement’s overlapping dimensions, from inspection and judicial procedures to private management and international supply lines, and examines each in a systematic, informed, and applicable way. This book is an essential foundation for anyone studying environmental law and an invaluable reference for anyone working in the field.’ -- Mark Ungar, Graduate Center, CUNY, US‘Paddock’s comprehensive overview uses examples from around the world to illustrate environmental compliance and enforcement challenges and opportunities. The book blends theory and practice in discussing foundational matters such as enforcement strategies, tools, and mechanisms. It also explores innovations in citizen enforcement, the relationship between enforcement and environmental justice, and the role of private environmental governance. This book will be an essential resource for anyone interested in environmental enforcement, from the uninitiated to the most experienced practitioners, policymakers, and academics.’ -- Robert Glicksman, George Washington University Law School, USTable of ContentsContents: Preface PART 1 Introduction and Design Elements 1. Introduction to the Advanced Introduction to Environmental Compliance and Enforcement 2. Compliance and Enforcement Design Elements PART 2 Compliance and Enforcement Theories and Strategies 3. Compliance and Enforcement Theories 4. Compliance and Enforcement Strategies PART 3 Inspections and Monitoring 5. Inspections 6. Monitoring PART 4 Compliance Assistance and Administrative Enforcement 7. Compliance 8. Administrative Enforcement PART 5 Civil Judicial and Criminal Enforcement 9. Civil Judicial Enforcement 10. Criminal Enforcement PART 6 Sanctions 11. Civil Penalty Policies 12. Criminal Sanction PART 7 Private Environmental Governance and Enforcement 13. Private Environmental Governance References Index

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Book SynopsisThis comprehensive Research Handbook is the first study to link law and Earth system science through the epistemic lens of the planetary boundaries framework. It critically examines the legal and governance aspects of the framework, considering not only each planetary boundary, but also a range of systemic issues, including the ability of law to keep us within the planetary boundaries’ safe operating space.The expert contributors investigate the current and potential role of law in relation to the complex task and regulatory challenges of governing the Earth system. They explore three thematic areas: the overarching legal, ethical and governance dimensions of the planetary boundaries; their diverse international law dimensions and the challenges they raise for international law; and the extent to which the law already provides for some of the aspects illuminated by each planetary boundary, alongside opportunities for legal reform.Lawyers, Earth system scientists and governance experts will benefit from the mapping of the next stage of international environmental law included in the chapters. The book will also be a key resource for regulators, legislators and policy-makers looking for an in-depth study of the relationship between law and each of the nine planetary boundaries.Trade Review'The planetary boundaries concept provides an ideal framework for connecting science with law at the global level. This book explores this connection in great detail, from our undeniable need for limits and the fundamental concepts of ethics, justice and governance to the comprehensive assessment of the legal implications of each of the individual boundaries.' -- - Will Steffen, The Australian National University'Co-edited by Duncan French and Louis Kotz - two of the foremost scholars in the field of environmental law in the era of the Anthropocene - this Research Handbook is the first comprehensive attempt to investigate, from a legal perspective, the human dimensions of scientific concepts of planetary boundaries. The book brings together a fascinating series of contributions from some of the leading legal thinkers in the field. At a time when raging fires and other ''unprecedented'' environmental disasters are providing increasing evidence of the consequences of failing to respect planetary limits, this book is a timely and important reminder of the contribution that can be made by law in ensuring that humanity and our environment remain within the planet's ''safe operating space''.' -- -- Jacqueline Peel, University of Melbourne, Australia'If international environmental law is to stay relevant in the face of overwhelming evidence of its inability to address the galloping environmental harms humanity is witnessing, it needs to embrace a fundamental reset of its premises, conceptual pillars, and governance models. Such a reset requires imagination -- imagination that is outrageous in its ambition and fuelled by outrage. This Research Handbook, edited by two of the finest international environmental law scholars of our time, Duncan French and Louis Kotz, is a work of such outrageous imagination. It challenges legal boundaries in its quest to protect planetary ones, and in so doing takes us closer to law and governance fit for environmental purpose.' -- - Lavanya Rajamani, University of Oxford, UKTable of ContentsContents: Foreword xi Preface xii 1 Staying within the planet’s ‘safe operating space’? Law and the planetary boundaries 1 Louis J. Kotzé and Duncan French PART I LEGAL, ETHICAL AND GOVERNANCE DIMENSIONS OF THE PLANETARY BOUNDARIES 2 Exploring the planetary boundaries and environmental law: historical development, interactions and synergies 21 Alice Bleby, Cameron Holley and Ben Milligan 3 Governing the complexity of planetary boundaries: a state-of-the-art analysis of social science scholarship 45 Rakhyun E. Kim and Louis J. Kotzé 4 Planetary boundaries, planetary ethics and climate justice in the Anthropocene 65 Sam Adelman 5 Science, law and planetary uncertainty 84 Lynda Collins 6 Planetary boundaries intra muros : cities and the Anthropocene 103 Helmut Philipp Aust and Janne E. Nijman PART II INTERNATIONAL LAW AND THE PLANETARY BOUNDARIES 7 Planetary boundaries and regime interaction in international law 125 Dario Piselli and Harro van Asselt 8 Changing role of law-making in responding to planetary boundaries? 147 Giovanna M. Frisso and Elizabeth A. Kirk 9 International law, planetary boundaries and teleconnections 167 Ellen Hey 10 Compliance with planetary boundaries in international law 183 Jonas Ebbesson 11 Exploring the planetary boundaries’ wasteland: international law and the advent of the Molysmocene 203 Michael Hennessy Picard and Olivier Barsalou PART III PLANETARY BOUNDARIES AND THE LAW 12 Loss of biosphere integrity (biodiversity loss and extinctions) 221 Han Somsen and Arie Trouwborst 13 Climate change 245 Jonathan Verschuuren 14 Stratospheric ozone depletion 260 Louise du Toit 15 Atmospheric aerosol loading 277 Leslie-Anne Duvic-Paoli and Emily Webster 16 Ocean acidification 294 Tim Stephens 17 Nitrogen and phosphorus flows to the biosphere and oceans 309 Daniela Diz 18 Freshwater consumption and the global hydrological cycle 324 Nathan John Cooper 19 Land system change 342 Karen Morrow 20 Chemical pollution (and the release of novel entities) 363 Tiina Paloniitty, Chukwukpee Nzegwu and Duncan French Index

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Book SynopsisAs populations become increasingly concentrated in urban centres and mega cities, while demands on transportation continue to grow, the question of how to mitigate the environmental footprint of these trends is ever more pressing. This comprehensive book demonstrates the potentially significant role of environmental taxation and other market-based instruments in meeting these challenges. Providing global insights, the book features international contributions from specialists in economics, law, technology, political economy and policy analysis. Studying environmental pricing policies in the context of urban sustainability and transportation, the contributing scholars identify cross-cutting issues to demonstrate how the use and evaluation of policy instruments can be improved. In addition to addressing the pervasive environmental impact of cities and transportation, novel case studies illustrate how the digital economy, as well as increasing globalization, necessitate a more sustainable approach in which environmental fiscal solutions could play a vital role. Environmental Fiscal Challenges for Cities and Transport will have broad appeal for researchers and will also be a useful resource for students in law, economics and politics with an interest in urban and environmental issues. Policymakers and their staff will find its use of real-world examples and nontechnical language particularly beneficial.Trade Review‘Environmental Fiscal Challenges for Cities and Transport provides another exciting edition for the Critical Issues in Environmental Taxation series. The breadth of issues covered within the book allows the reader to dip in and out of the areas that are of personal interest. Overall, it provides inspiration for new, green fiscal policies and an insight into some of the associated challenges.’ -- Amy Lawton, The IUCN AEL Journal of Environmental LawTable of ContentsContents: Preface PART I - IMPACTS OF THE EMERGING 21ST CENTURY ECONOMY 1. Environmental taxation in the digital world Janet E. Milne 2. Is the low level of taxes on e-commerce contributing to an environmentally unfriendly growth of transport? Marta Villar Ezcurra 3. Tax incentives to green investments: limits to state’s cuts back. A reflection on legitimate expectations & fair and equitable treatment to investments Jerónimo Maillo PART II - FISCAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES FOR URBAN CONCENTRATION 4. Smart cities: can business improvement districts reduce the environmental footprint of urban areas? Helena Villarejo Galende, María Luisa Esteve Pardo and Clara Peiret García 5. The costs and benefits of extended producer responsibility: an evaluation of the Italian waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) management system Edoardo Croci and Francesco Colelli 6. Fiscal Policy for Decarbonisation of Energy in Europe, with a Focus on Urban Transport: Case Study and Proposal for Spain David Robinson, Pedro Linares Llamas, Xiral López-Otero and Renato Rodrigues 7. A proposed green tax reform for Cyprus and its co-benefits for urban sustainability Theodoros Zachariadis 8. The agricultural conundrum: encouraging climate-friendly agriculture through economic instruments in North America Emma Akrawi PART III - CHALLENGING ISSUES FOR TRANSPORT TAXES 9. External costs and environmental taxation: the role of transport sectors within the Italian economy Andrea Molocchi 10. Is road pricing the key to sustainable low-carbon road transport in Australia? Vanessa Johnston 11. Taxing vehicle use to overcome the problems of conventional transport taxes Alberto Gago, Xavier Labandeira and Xiral López-Otero 12. Sharing cars: a legal and economic analysis of the taxation of b2c carsharing models Fanny Vanrykel, Bruno De Borger and Marc Bourgeois 13. Renewable energy, smarts grids and hybrid vehicles: a Brazilian case study Elena Aydos, Rafaela Cristina Oliari and Carlos Araújo Leonetti PART IV - THE EVALUATION OF CROSS-CUTTING POLICIES 14. Ex-post cost-benefit analysis of environmentally related tax policies. Building on programme evaluation studies Jonas Teusch and Nils Axel Braathen 15. Designing Carbon Taxes: economic and legal considerations Claudia Kettner, Daniela Kletzan-Slamanig, Stefan E. Weishaar and Irene J.J. Burgers 16. The use of the Effective Carbon Rate (ECR) as an indicator for climate mitigation policy Kris Bachus and Ping Gao 17. The G20 peer review of Fossil Fuel Subsidies Aldo Ravazzi Douvan and Gionata Castaldi 18. Increasing Fiscal Transparency in Energy Policies Leyla Ates and Sevil Acar Index

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Book SynopsisFocusing on contemporary debates in philosophy and legal theory, this ground-breaking book provides a compelling enquiry into the nature of human dignity. The author not only illustrates that dignity is a concept that can extend our understanding of our environmental impacts and duties, but also highlights how our reliance on and relatedness to the environment further extends and enhances our understanding of dignity itself. Against the background of current global threats to the realisation of rights, including severe environmental degradation and depleted reserves of essential natural resources, this innovative book considers whether dignity has any role to play in addressing these new problems, as well as in securing environmental rights and greater environmental care. The author provides an astute examination of important developments in human and environmental rights across a range of jurisdictions and levels, and considers whether human dignity should play a more central role in judicial considerations regarding environmental rights and environmental threats to human rights. Eminently engaging, this forward-thinking book will prove a critical read for legal academics and scholars with an interest in human dignity and environmental rights, as well as judicial reasoning and legal philosophy more widely. Its practical presentation of recent developments will also be of great importance to practitioners and policy-makers working in human rights and environmental law.Trade Review'Dina Townsend's extraordinary book catches us constantly by surprise: can pragmatism help us rethink the connection between human dignity and environmental protection? Can human dignity be also posthuman? Do the definitions of dignity found in history, in courts of law, and on the field converge? Townsend's findings are nuanced, astonishingly well-argued, and consistently convincing. The work effortlessly flits through issues of temporality, universalism, identity, indigenous jurisprudence amongst others, applying Townsend's erudite contrapuntal method and finally leading to a soaring possibility for rethinking dignity as a major instrument of environmental protection.' --Andreas Philippopoulos-Mihalopoulos, University of Westminster, UK'By drawing attention to the environmental dimension of human dignity, Dina Townsend uncovers an account of humanness that erodes the distinction between human and environmental interests. This book is an invaluable read for everyone - but in particular legal scholars and practitioners, law-makers and judges - interested in a deep legal analysis of the fundamental link between human rights and the environment.' --Christina Voigt, Professor, University of Oslo, Department of Public and International Law, Norway'For too long, human rights and environmental advocacy have lived in separate camps. But as climate change and environmental degradation threaten to dramatically alter the lives we lead, new ways of thinking about human rights and human lives need to be developed to meet current challenges. Dina Townsend's book does just that: she provides a new theoretical approach to human dignity that recognizes the integral place of the natural environment in the human experience, and from there, she demonstrates how environmental dignity can and must be integrated into modern human rights practices. This is essential reading for anyone seeking to understand the next generation of human rights advocacy.' --Erin Daly, Widener University, Delaware Law School, USTable of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction 2. A History Of Dignity 3. The Nature Of Human Dignity In The Judicial Reasoning Of Courts 4. Environmentally Constituted Humanness – Using Dignity To Redefine ‘Humanness’ In Human Rights Law 5. Dignity And Identity – Using Dignity To Defend Claims To An Environmental Identity 6. Dignity And Our Environmental Obligations To Future Generations 7. Conclusion Index

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Book SynopsisElgar Advanced Introductions are stimulating and thoughtful introductions to major fields in the social sciences, business and law, expertly written by the world’s leading scholars. Designed to be accessible yet rigorous, they offer concise and lucid surveys of the substantive and policy issues associated with discrete subject areas.This clear and concise book provides an overview of how laws and policies around the world are designed to support and accelerate the growth of renewable energy. Throughout, Professor Eisen focuses on how national and sub-national governments have responded to the revolutionary transformation of the world's energy system by developing and implementing support programs for renewable energy.Key features include: Global coverage of the ways in which laws and policies are guiding countries and regions to transitioning to renewable energy Detailed chapters highlighting all of the important regulatory, financial, and technological aspects of renewable energy development Critical insights designed to spotlight on-going challenges and spark discussions about policy development. Intended to serve both as a comprehensive introduction to this vast subject and to prompt readers to inquire further into the specific laws of individual nations, this Advanced Introduction will be beneficial for students, academics, and policymakers interested in the complex legal landscape governing renewable energy.Trade Review‘The transition to a low carbon energy future is not going to be easy or linear. And there is a scarcity of skilled legal professionals who understand the multidisciplinary nature of emerging energy law, especially renewable energy law. . . Law schools and public policy schools can look to bridge this gap and in those efforts, this book would be an essential teaching aid. The book is easy-to-read, provides real world examples and is well referenced, making it an excellent resource for students and practitioners alike.’ -- Bharat Jairaj, LEAD Journal‘This is a unique and highly impressive overview on contemporary problems of renewable energy. It strikes a very good balance between highlighting general questions and developments in a clear and systematic manner and giving concrete examples from all over the world.’ -- Michael Fehling, Bucerius Law School, Germany'This is an unique and highly impressive overview on contemporary problems of renewable energy. It strikes a very good balance between highlighting general questions and developments -- in a clear and systematic manner and giving concrete examples from all over the world.'– Michael Fehling, Bucerius Law School, Germany'Solar, wind, and other renewables are leading the charge toward a cleaner, climate-friendly energy economy. In this excellent book, Professor Eisen shares his considerable expertise across a wide range of renewable energy technologies, jurisdictions, and policies. The result is a treasure trove of practically relevant information for anyone, with and without prior legal training, looking to join the clean tech revolution.' -- Felix Mormann, Texas A&M University School of Law, US'As the clean energy transition accelerates, decision makers in government and the private sector alike realize they need to understand - quickly - the complex legal environment for renewable energy. Professor Joel Eisen - internationally known for his insightful and forward-thinking energy law scholarship - provides just the kind of clear, accessible primer that’s needed, without oversimplification. It is an excellent introduction for anyone new to the field of renewable energy.' -- Uma Outka, University of Kansas School of Law, USTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction to laws and policies affecting renewable energy 2. Renewable energy resources 3. Governmental support policies for renewable energy 4. National electricity regulatory systems affecting renewable energy projects 5. Sub-national utility regulation and policies affecting renewable energy 6. Finance of renewable energy projects 7. Systems promoting voluntary adoption of renewable energy 8. Other legal and regulatory systems with impacts on renewable energy development 9. Carbon pricing; conclusion and directions for further policy development Index

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Book SynopsisElgar Advanced Introductions are stimulating and thoughtful introductions to major fields in the social sciences, business and law, expertly written by the world’s leading scholars. Designed to be accessible yet rigorous, they offer concise and lucid surveys of the substantive and policy issues associated with discrete subject areas.This clear and concise book provides an overview of how laws and policies around the world are designed to support and accelerate the growth of renewable energy. Throughout, Professor Eisen focuses on how national and sub-national governments have responded to the revolutionary transformation of the world's energy system by developing and implementing support programs for renewable energy.Key features include: Global coverage of the ways in which laws and policies are guiding countries and regions to transitioning to renewable energy Detailed chapters highlighting all of the important regulatory, financial, and technological aspects of renewable energy development Critical insights designed to spotlight on-going challenges and spark discussions about policy development. Intended to serve both as a comprehensive introduction to this vast subject and to prompt readers to inquire further into the specific laws of individual nations, this Advanced Introduction will be beneficial for students, academics, and policymakers interested in the complex legal landscape governing renewable energy.Trade Review‘The transition to a low carbon energy future is not going to be easy or linear. And there is a scarcity of skilled legal professionals who understand the multidisciplinary nature of emerging energy law, especially renewable energy law. . . Law schools and public policy schools can look to bridge this gap and in those efforts, this book would be an essential teaching aid. The book is easy-to-read, provides real world examples and is well referenced, making it an excellent resource for students and practitioners alike.’ -- Bharat Jairaj, LEAD Journal‘This is a unique and highly impressive overview on contemporary problems of renewable energy. It strikes a very good balance between highlighting general questions and developments in a clear and systematic manner and giving concrete examples from all over the world.’ -- Michael Fehling, Bucerius Law School, Germany'This is an unique and highly impressive overview on contemporary problems of renewable energy. It strikes a very good balance between highlighting general questions and developments -- in a clear and systematic manner and giving concrete examples from all over the world.'– Michael Fehling, Bucerius Law School, Germany'Solar, wind, and other renewables are leading the charge toward a cleaner, climate-friendly energy economy. In this excellent book, Professor Eisen shares his considerable expertise across a wide range of renewable energy technologies, jurisdictions, and policies. The result is a treasure trove of practically relevant information for anyone, with and without prior legal training, looking to join the clean tech revolution.' -- Felix Mormann, Texas A&M University School of Law, US'As the clean energy transition accelerates, decision makers in government and the private sector alike realize they need to understand - quickly - the complex legal environment for renewable energy. Professor Joel Eisen - internationally known for his insightful and forward-thinking energy law scholarship - provides just the kind of clear, accessible primer that’s needed, without oversimplification. It is an excellent introduction for anyone new to the field of renewable energy.' -- Uma Outka, University of Kansas School of Law, USTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction to laws and policies affecting renewable energy 2. Renewable energy resources 3. Governmental support policies for renewable energy 4. National electricity regulatory systems affecting renewable energy projects 5. Sub-national utility regulation and policies affecting renewable energy 6. Finance of renewable energy projects 7. Systems promoting voluntary adoption of renewable energy 8. Other legal and regulatory systems with impacts on renewable energy development 9. Carbon pricing; conclusion and directions for further policy development Index

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Book SynopsisThis unique book focuses specifically on teaching and learning in environmental law, exploring innovative techniques, tools and technologies employed across the globe to teach this ever more important subject. Chapters identify particular challenges that environmental law poses for pedagogy, offering a mix of theory and practical guidance to legal scholars who are seeking to take up, or improve, their teaching of this subject.Providing an examination of teaching formats and methodologies that are both innovative and particularly adapted to the teaching of environmental law, contributions explore topics such as digital learning, joint teaching, flipped classrooms and scenario-based approaches, as well as discussing teacher-based, reflective, student-centred and research-based methods. The book also considers specific contexts for teaching environmental law such as specialized postgraduate programs, supervision methods for research students, teaching within non-law programs, and teaching online. Environmental law scholars at all levels of university instruction will find this book an invaluable opportunity to learn about new methods and approaches to teaching in this area. Its insights into legal teaching methodologies more broadly will also be of interest to legal academics in other areas of the law.Trade Review'Teaching and Learning in Environmental Law is a landmark contribution to environmental law scholarship as the first book to be devoted entirely to different teaching methodologies for environmental law. The editors and authors are leading names and recognized professors of environmental law. This book will quickly become an essential resource for environmental law scholars in all parts of the world and from all legal systems engaged in the teaching of environmental law.' -- Nilüfer Oral, Centre for International Law, National University of Singapore, Singapore and Member of the UN International Law Commission'This book represents a real breakthrough. It is the first to explore in depth how to overcome the daunting challenges of teaching environmental law. The field's rapid growth during the last half century has made it more important than ever, but also more difficult, to understand how law seeks to combat environmental problems. The book examines a rich variety of approaches to teaching environmental law through the experienced eyes of a multinational group of outstanding teachers and scholars. It offers fresh insights that will be of great value no matter how long one has been teaching in this field.' -- Robert Percival, University of Maryland Francis King Carey School of Law, US'Teaching and Learning in Environmental Law is a highly recommended book for all teachers of environmental law around the world. This edited collection contains carefully curated articles showing a wide range of teaching methodologies that could be applied in differing contexts. Considering the many challenges that frequently arise in teaching environmental law, this book reveals fresh perspectives and inspiring accounts which were gained from experience by the different contributors in the book. The book provides a compilation of narratives and lessons from tried-and-tested learning approaches that takes one inside and beyond the four walls of the classroom.For most teachers, competence in teaching is often honed by experience. This book, therefore, allows one to embark on a journey of self-reflection as one sifts through the information shared by each contributor. In the end, one emerges hopeful, inspired and ready to take on the challenges of teaching environmental law in a complex, fast-changing world. Indeed, many teachers of environmental law will greatly benefit from the treasure trove of teaching materials found in this book.Environmental law has become a widely recognized discipline in legal education today. It is, thus, vital for teachers of environmental law to teach and learn how to be effective teachers in environmental law. The Teaching and Learning in Environmental Law book can be an essential part of the teaching arsenal of every teacher of environmental law.' -- Rose-Liza Eisma-Osorio, University of Cebu School of Law, Philippines'In all modern societies, the protection of the environment lies mainly in the hands of public authorities, which grant permits, plan and realise infrastructure projects, fight - or do not fight - pollution, and deal with resource issues. This means that a great number of those who study environmental law will later occupy posts in transport, energy, local administrations or in economy. It is vital that they understand ecological concerns, environmental impairment and the need to integrate environmental issues into their day-to-day decisions.This book offers a wealth of new ideas for how to teach environmental law in a way that reaches the mind and at the same time the heart of students. The examples stem mainly from Anglo-Saxon countries, but offer enough flexible ways of teaching that they are of use to environmental teachers all over the world. And the examples are not limited to environmental law teaching and learning: indeed, as the protection of our planet is of general vital interest, any teacher may usefully adapt his teaching methods to examples that are given in the book, whether he teaches at a high school, a primary school, a university or in vocational courses. The whole book centers around the question of how to bring the message of the necessity to conserve this planet into the minds and hearts of the students.A very welcome and necessary book, which deserves - and needs! - many readers and is indispensable for any teacher of environmental policy, law, economy, or science.' -- Ludwig Krämer, Derecho y Medio Ambiente S.L., Spain

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Book SynopsisThis discerning book examines the challenges, opportunities and solutions for courts adjudicating on environmental cases. It offers a critical analysis of the practice and judgments of courts from various representative and influential jurisdictions. Through the analysis and comparison of court practices and case law across global domestic courts as varied as the National Green Tribunal in India, the Land and Environment Court in Australia, and the District Court of The Hague in the Netherlands, the expert contributors bring together a wealth of knowledge in order to enhance mutual learning and understanding towards an environmental rule of law. In doing so, they illustrate that courts play a vital role in the formation and crystallization of rulings and decisions to protect and conserve the environment. Ultimately, they prove that there are many lessons to be learnt from other legal systems in seeking to maintain and enhance the environmental rule of law. Contemporary and global in scope, Courts and the Environment is essential reading for scholars and students of environmental law, as well as judges, legal practitioners and policymakers interested in understanding the legal challenges to and the legal basis for protecting environmental values in courts. Contributors: A. Bengtsson, L. Butterly, O. Chornous, T. Daya-Winterbottom, Y.K. Dewi, G.E.K. Dzah, H.S. Ferreira, R. Guidone, D. Hodas, A. Jayadi, S. Jolly, H. Jonas, A. Kennedy, N. Kichigin, E. Lamprea, M.A. Leon Moreta, B Liu, Z. Makuch, P. Martin, R.L.M. Mendes, N.H.T. Nam, A.M. Páez, R. Pepper, B. Preston, N. Robinson, D.A. Serraglio, O. Spijkers, C. Voigt, Z. ZhangTrade Review'This book is a survival tool for judges who are increasingly required to respond to legal action meant to protect the earth from the existential threat to human civilization posed by global warming. Christina Voigt and Zen Makuch have assembled authors who affirm that there is no greater force to protect Earth and its habitants than the environmental rule of law.' --Michael D. Wilson, Hawaii Supreme Court, US'From pioneers to latecomers, the role of Courts in relation to environmental protection has oscillated in ways that make their overall contribution difficult to assess. This book is a significant addition to the mapping and stock-taking effort. It shows that, in practice, Courts are indeed playing a very important role in adapting legal systems to the need to conserve the environment.' --Jorge E. Viñuales, University of Cambridge, UKTable of ContentsContents: Part I Conceptualizing the Role of Courts in Protecting the Environment 1. The Nature of Courts Nicholas Robinson 2. Bridging the Gap Between Aspiration and Outcomes: The role of the Court in ensuring Ecologically Sustainable Development Brian Preston, Paul Martin and Amanda Kennedy 3. The Legitimate Role of Rights-Based Approaches to Environmental Conflict Resolution Trevor Daya-Winterbottom Part II Taking the Lead: The Court as Trailblazer for Environmental Protection 4. Ghana’s Courts and Environmental Rule of Law Godwin E. K. Dzah 5. Activities of the Brazilian Judiciary Aimed at Combating Global Warming in the Amazon and Cerrado Biomes Heline Sivini Ferreira, Diogo Andreola Serraglio and Rullyan Levi Maganhati Mendes 6. Procedural and Substantive Innovations Propounded by the Indian Judiciary in Balancing the Protection of Environment and Development: A Legal Analysis Stellina Jolly and Zen Makuch Part III Access to Justice for the Environment 7. Inviting Civil Society to the Table: The Case of the African Commission Nora Ho Tu Nam 8. Collective Environmental Litigation in Colombia: An Empirical Assessment Everaldo Lamprea and Angela M. Páez 9. Are Courts Colour Blind to Country? Indigenous Cultural Heritage, Environmental Law and the Australian Judicial System Lauren Butterly and Rachel Pepper 10. What Chinese Courts Could Learn From the U.S.A.: The Approach of Public Interest Litigation Under the New China Environmental Protection Law Zhuoxian Zhang 11. Protection of Environmental Rights of Citizens in the Courts of Kazakhstan, Russia and Ukraine Oleksandra Chornous and Nicolay Kichigin Part IV Courts in Action 12. The Challenge of Bringing Transnational Corporations to Justice for Environmental Damage: A Case Study of Texaco Oil Company and Chevron vs Lago Agrio Plaintiffs María Augusta León Moreta and Gloria Bingyu Liu 13. Enhancing Corporate Responsibilities to Fulfill the Right to a Clean Environment: Lessons Learned from Indonesian Courts Yetty Komalasari Dewi and Anbar Jayadi 14. The Urgenda case: A Successful Example of Public Interest Litigation for the Protection of the Environment? Otto Spijkers 15. U.S.A. Climate Change Adjudication: The Epic Journey from a Petition for Rulemaking to National Greenhouse Gas Regulation David Hodas 16. A Review of Environmental Courts and Tribunals for Civil Society Organisations and the Judiciary Ria Guidone and Holly Jonas 17. Swedish Environmental Courts – Specialized Civil and Administrative Courts Anders Bengtsson Index

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Book SynopsisThis thoroughly revised Research Handbook on Climate Change Adaptation Law brings together leading scholars in the field to summarise and assess key topics including tort and insurance law, disaster law, water law and marine law as well as biodiversity law and pollution control. Providing a comprehensive review of new challenges faced as a result of a changing climate, this Second Edition considers the adaptation necessary to address the ongoing impacts from the warming of the Earth’s atmosphere at international, regional and domestic levels. It also analyses the legal instruments that go beyond helping societies to adapt to the changing climate, and assist in compensating victims of climate change damage. Chapters suggest forward-thinking approaches for how future policies and laws could help to create more climate resilient and stable societies, and offer a new insight into how climate change can affect both the local and international dimensions of security. With its transnational and multilevel approach, this Research Handbook is an essential resource for academics in the field of climate change policy and law as well as policy makers, NGOs and other government officials working in the field of climate change.Trade Review‘With this second edition of the Research Handbook on Climate Change Adaptation Law, Jonathan Verschuuren and colleagues offer the necessary legal tools for the indispensable legal framework countries need to adapt to climate change. It was, is and remains the definitive text on climate change adaptation law for the coming years.’ -- Kurt Deketelaere, KU Leuven, Belgium and University of Helsinki, Finland‘The significantly updated second edition of this Research Handbook remains an indispensable resource on this important topic. It brings together leading experts on adaptation to consider a long list of key sectors and on critical cross-cutting issues, such as climate justice, displacement, and compensation. It does so at a level that is meaningful and insightful, without getting lost in the subtleties of the diverse legal systems challenged to deal with adaptation.’ -- Meinhard Doelle, Dalhousie University, Canada‘This is a very significant book dealing with climate change adaptation law, especially since under the Paris Agreement national and local adaptation planning is becoming more mainstream. The great value of this book is that it encompasses climate change adaptation in a holistic manner dealing with the following fields, which are affected by climate change and extreme weather conditions: tort law, property law, insurance law, disaster law, water law, marine law, planning law, biodiversity law, building and construction law, environmental law, migration law, agricultural law, and energy law. This book presents the most complete analysis of the problem of climate change adaptation and is a very important recent contribution to general knowledge concerning climate change.’ -- Malgosia Fitzmaurice, Queen Mary University of London, UKTable of ContentsContents: Preface xii 1 Introduction to climate change adaptation 1 Jonathan Verschuuren 2 Climate change adaptation under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and related documents 14 Jonathan Verschuuren 3 Adaptation, loss and damage and climate justice 30 Rosemary Lyster 4 Climate change-induced displacement, migration and international law 67 Nicola Jägers 5 Climate change adaptation and compensation 104 Michael Faure 6 Climate change adaptation and disaster law 134 Dewald van Niekerk 7 Climate change adaptation and public health law 157 Lindsay F. Wiley 8 Climate change adaptation and agricultural and forestry law 197 Robert W. Adler 9 Climate change adaptation and water law 233 Jonathan Verschuuren 10 Climate change adaptation in marine and coastal areas and international law 253 Tim Stephens 11 Climate change adaptation and biodiversity law 274 Arie Trouwborst 12 Climate change adaptation and land use law 298 Keith H Hirokawa, Jonathan Rosenbloom and Michelle Zaludek 13 Climate change adaptation and green building 330 Tuula Honkonen and Seita Romppanen 14 Climate change adaptation and environmental and pollution control law 349 Jonathan Verschuuren 15 Climate-induced disasters and electricity infrastructure 356 Rosemary Lyster, Daniel A. Farber and Robert M. Verchick 16 Security dimensions of climate change adaptation 390 Sophie Pieternel de Bruin Index

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Book SynopsisThis book provides a fresh perspective on the enduring debate surrounding the sustainable regulation of straddling and highly migratory fish stocks. Alexandros Ntovas highlights how these vital fish stocks occupy a contested regulatory space where sovereignty, science and sustainability converge.

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Book Synopsis‘Citizen sensing’, the practice in which grassroots actors use sensor technology for environmental monitoring, is increasingly entering the debate around environmental risk governance. This groundbreaking book explores the potential for citizen sensing to concretely influence the governance of environmental risks to public health by shaping policy responses implemented by competent institutions. Taking a unique perspective that combines the elements of risk, technology, the grassroots-drive and distrust, Anna Berti Suman analyses which factors contribute to the policy uptake of community-led citizen sensing. She frames the study through the voices of the citizen sensing participants interviewed in her fieldwork, incorporating both theoretical reflections and ethnography into a mixed-methods approach. The book offers novel insights into the advantages and drawbacks of the reliance on citizen sensing by institutional actors and highlights the need for further research in this area. Academics working in environmental law and risk governance will find the research and findings contained in this book both interesting and timely. It will also be of practical use to policy-makers and practitioners, as well as citizen sensing communities that wish to make their monitoring practices more influential.Trade Review‘Anna Berti Suman has written a remarkable book about the policy uptake of grassroots citizen sensing. With great insight, Berti Suman extends our thinking with respect to the notions of citizen sensing, policy uptake, and risk governance. Her point about “integration dilemma” will be of interest to readers in public policy studies, environmental studies, and disaster studies. This book will change the way academics, policy-makers and citizen sensing practitioners think about communication between citizens and institutional actors in Europe and beyond.’

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Book SynopsisAnswering the key question of whether there is an obligation for States to define and enact sound climate policies in order to avoid the impacts of global warming, this timely book provides expert analysis on recent global climate cases, assessing not only the plaintiffs’ claims but also the legal reasoning put forward by the courts. As an increasing number of environmental organisations are requiring domestic courts to answer this fundamental question, this book illustrates that more and more court decisions are confirming that the discretion held by States with regards to the issue of climate change is not unlimited. The book explores how States must also demonstrate that sufficient action is being taken to protect their citizens from risks. With in-depth assessments of common legal grounds, such as the international climate change regime, environmental law principles and human rights, it further highlights potential issues for climate litigation including the separation of powers and the standing of the plaintiffs themselves. Addressing current and emerging issues, this timely book will be an excellent resource for scholars of environmental law, climate change and human rights. Environmental activists and organisations looking for examples of initiatives to tackle issues such as environmental protection and justice will find this informative and insightful.Trade Review‘Climate change litigation is a growing field not only in practice, but also in scholarship. This book is a welcome contribution to this growing field. It carefully considers climate change litigation through the lens of international climate change law, principles of environmental law and human rights. It provides the reader with an extensive analysis of relevant case law from an extensive number of jurisdictions. The book is highly recommended for those already working in climate change litigation, but also for professionals, researchers and students who wish to learn more about how the law, and the judiciary in particular, can contribute positively to dealing with the climate change challenge before us.’ -- Francesco Sindico, University of Strathclyde, UK‘Climate in Court is a compelling read on the judicialization of climate, one of the most fascinating recent developments in the difficult process of global action on climate change. Pau de Vilchez Moragues does an excellent job illuminating claims brought by citizens and NGOs against States for their failure to adequately address climate change.’ -- Joana Setzer, London School of Economics and Political Science, UK‘Within the now substantial literature on climate litigation, the study by Dr de Vilchez Moragues is one of the rare single-authored book-length examinations of the overall phenomenon. The legal tapestry proposed by the author reveals common threads and features in what, too often, is presented elsewhere in descriptive jurisdiction-by-jurisdiction accounts.’ -- Jorge E. Viñuales, University of Cambridge, UK‘In this excellent book, the author analyses litigation against the State before the national courts for not taking adequate measures against climate change. Showing an outstanding balance between social commitment and academic rigour, it is argued that intertwined court decisions can help confirm the international obligation to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote compliance.’ -- Antoni Pigrau, Rovira i Virgili University, Spain‘Climate in Court offers a detailed and insightful overview of twenty cases brought against states for their failure to take adequate measures to address climate change. Analysing them from multiple angles, the author masterfully synthesises their commonalities to draw important conclusions for the study and practice of climate litigation. The book offers enlightening insights into the role that environmental principles play in domestic courts and brilliantly addresses the topical question of the relationship between human rights and climate change. Thanks to its combination of theoretical and practical insights, it will be of great interest to environmental legal scholars as well climate activists.’ -- Leslie-Anne Duvic-Paoli, Kings College London, UKTable of ContentsContents: Introduction: Unweaving the (legal) tapestry of domestic climate litigation PART I DOMESTIC CLIMATE LITIGATION:EVOLUTION,RECENT CASES AND COMMON CHALLENGE 1. Evolution of climate change case law 2. Three common challenges CONCLUSION TO PART I PART II THE LEGAL GROUNDS 3. The international legal framework on climate change 4. Principles of environmental law 5. Human rights 6. Concluding remarks Index

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Book SynopsisAt a time when climate change and the Covid-19 pandemic pose a global existential threat, this timely and important book explores how policy responses to a pandemic create both opportunities and challenges for the increased use of environmental pricing instruments, such as carbon taxes, and tradable permit schemes, and targeted green fiscal incentives.The chapters provide an important foundation of knowledge and analysis about how a pandemic affects environmental tax policy. They identify lessons from policy makers’ responses to the management of the pandemic and implications for addressing the threat of climate change and other environmental challenges. They highlight the need for environmental pricing instruments in the mix of policy instruments even in the wake of a pandemic. They present theory and empirical analysis, and they feature a number of country-specific case studies, including the experience of developing countries.This book takes readers into the important and unprecedented circumstances of our time where pandemic policy meets environmental policy for the short and long terms. It will be of great interest to researchers, students and scholars in environmental policy, tax and law, as well as the industry sector, policy makers and government officials.Trade Review'The 2020-21 pandemic crisis confirms the opportunity for integrating environmental taxation into the core structure of fiscal systems. Carbon taxes, resources taxes, removal of environmental harmful subsidies allow labour taxes to be abated substantially. Economic instruments might not be ''the'' solution, but they are certainly ''par'' of the solution if we wish to achieve the ambitious but necessary objectives of the UN SDGs, Paris Agreement, CBD on biodiversity and natural capital. We have here substantial contributions with robust analysis that can be used by all Governments and researchers.' -- Aldo Ravazzi Douvan, Italian Ministry of Ecological Transition, Past Chair OECD Committee on Tax & Environment, President Green Budget Europe and Professor of Environmental Global Governance, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Italy’The current Covid-19 pandemic has shown us that once again that science is our best ally to face disease. In this book a scientific position is used to highlight global warming which is another big problem that must be attended urgently. Let’s not wait until we are in the abyss to react as happened with Coronavirus, we can prevent it and do something before it is too late. Human survival depends on our actions and every second counts.’ -- Daniel Irwin Yacolca Estares, National University of San Marcos, PeruTable of ContentsContents: Foreword: fake twins x by Christian de Perthuis PART I CARBON TAX THEORY IN THE PANDEMIC ERA 1 A post-crisis assessment of carbon taxation for members of the Coalition of Finance Ministers for Climate Action 3 Simon Black and Ian Parry 2 Setting a price for carbon to achieve carbon neutrality in the European Union 21 Alberto Majocchi 3 The Green New Dividend: a cost neutral market-based alternative to the Green New Deal 35 Russell Mendell PART II COVID-19 AND EU-WIDE TAX POLICIES 4 100 years of externalities 50 Astrid Ladefoged and Mirka Janda 5 Promoting a green economic recovery from the Corona crisis 67 Holger Bär, Matthias Runkel and Kai Schlegelmilch 6 Reconciling EU tax and environmental policies: VAT as a vehicle to boost green consumerism under the EU Green Deal 82 Francesco Cannas and Matteo Fermeglia PART III CARBON PRICING IN LATIN AMERICA IN THE PANDEMIC ERA 7 Carbon pricing in Perú: a matter of climate justice in the Covid-19 context 97 Carlos Trinidad Alvarado and Daniela Soberón Garreta 8 The Carbon Tax in Argentina is sick with COVID-19 112 Rodolfo Salassa Boix 9 Public finance, taxation, and environment post-Covid-19: perspectives for Brazil 127 Daniel Giotti de Paula and Lígia Barroso Fabri 10 Tax incentives for electric vehicles and biofuels: a Brazilian case study 141 Rafaela Cristina Oliari, Carlos Araújo Leonetti and Elena Aydos PART IV EUROPEAN NATIONAL CASE STUDIES 11 Environmental taxation in an age of COVID-19: an Italian approach 156 Alberto Comelli 12 COVID-19 and urban mobility: has the time come for a paradigmatic shift? The potential of environmental tax policies in the pandemic age 170 Marina Bisogno PART V ENVIRONMENTAL SUPPORT SCHEMES IN THE MIDST OF THE PANDEMIC 13 A taxonomy of environmentally sustainable activities to orient Covid-19 tax measures to environmental objectives 185 Sébastien Wolff 14 Assessing public aid for true green digital recovery: a matter of good tax governance in the European Union 199 Marta Villar Ezcurra and María Amparo Grau Ruiz 15 The purposefulness and serviceability of renewable energy support schemes in view of the COVID-19 crisis 215 Theodoros G. Iliopoulos PART VI LESSONS FOR ALLOWANCE TRADING 16 Covid-19 and EU climate change linking 230 Stefan Weishaar 17 Enforcing sustainable auction-based ETS in a post-COVID-19 world: evidence from and lessons for Northeast Asia 243 Joseph Dellatte and Sven Rudolph Index

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Book SynopsisThis cutting-edge book considers the functional inseparability of risk and innovation within the context of environmental law and governance. Analysing both ‘hard’ and ‘soft’ innovation, the book argues that approaches to socio-ecological risk require innovation in order for society and the environment to become more resilient.In addition to risk and innovation, this book also highlights the need for resilience thinking in environmental law and governance, questioning whether these three factors are mutually supportive. Featuring wide geographical coverage of environmental law issues in both developing and developed nations, contributions posit that environmental law and governance is in a constant state of transformation. Throughout the book, discrete topics such as oceans, climate change and biodiversity are considered alongside intersecting themes such as human rights and litigation.Featuring up to date analysis of cutting edge topics by leading scholars in the field, The Transformation of Environmental Law and Governance will be a key resource for academics and students in the fields of environmental law, governance and regulation and environmental politics and policy. The valuable insights offered will also be beneficial for practitioners and lawmakers involved in the development of environmental law.Trade Review‘Sindico, Switzer and Qin's prescient volume brings answers to some of the most crucial questions in law, and indeed, in society today. In a comprehensive analysis spanning topics from food and agriculture, to climate change and energy, it demonstrates the importance of understanding the connections between socio-ecological risk, legal innovation and ecological and societal resilience. It should have a place on the bookshelf of all legal scholars.’ -- Elizabeth Kirk, University of Lincoln, UK‘In the face of ongoing and emerging environmental pressures, the foundations of environmental law are rapidly changing, with new actors and new forms of regulation challenging existing preconceptions of how environmental law works. This book offers a timely look into the forces of risk, innovation and resilience underpinning and reflecting these changes. Sindico, Switzer and Qin have successfully brought together a diverse cast of established and early career scholars to shed new light on the dynamic evolution of environmental law.’ -- Harro van Asselt, University of Eastern Finland‘Never has environmental law been more paradoxical; the need for it so obvious whilst its impact seemingly less notable. Society is grappling not only with a wide range of challenges, across multiple sectors but how it confronts them is also changing. As the contributors to this book reveal, searching for answers and new ways of doing things is essential, whilst underlining the continual challenges of human folly. This collection opens up the conversation, revealing new insights and explores some of the ongoing problems.’ -- Duncan French, University of Lincoln, UKTable of ContentsContents: PART I INTRODUCTION 1 Risk, innovation and resilience: moving towards mutual supportiveness 2 Francesco Sindico, Stephanie Switzer and Qin Tianbao PART II INNOVATION 2 Fracking and environmental law for sustainability: an era of global ecological risks and the imperative of legal transformations 15 Patryck de Araújo Ayala and Mariana Carvalho Victor Coelho PART III RISK 3 Innovating societal response to radiation risk: insights from the Fukushima Safecast case 34 Anna Berti Suman 4 Drug pollution from manufacturing, antimicrobial resistance and the importation of pharmaceutical active ingredients from third countries. The European drug safety regime under scrutiny: key legal and institutional aspects, challenges and opportunities 51 Elodie Le Gal PART IV RESILIENCE 5 Evaluating community resilience in promoting ecological and social justice in groundwater governance: lessons from India 75 Stellina Jolly 6 Strengthening the role of traditional leaders for effective local community participation in environmental management in Malawi 93 Gift Dorothy Makanje PART V CLIMATE CHANGE 7 Integrating climate change into impact assessments: key design elements 112 Meinhard Doelle 8 ‘Innovation’ and the law in state reports on climate change action 130 He Xiangbai and Alexander Zahar 9 Climate change law and colonialism: the rights of nature and a hypothetical case for bison person in Canada 148 Laura S. Lynes PART VI ENERGY 10 Community renewable energy for sustainable development 168 Richard Ottinger, Tom Bourgeois, Robert Habermann and Achinthi Vithanage PART VII FRESHWATER 11 The construction of the Três Marias dam and the absence of public policies for the arrival of the waters in the municipality of Morada Nova de Minas in Brazil 190 Mônica Thaís Souza Ribeiro, Izabela Zanotelli Collares and Danuta R. N. de Souza Calazans PART VIII BIODIVERSITY AND TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE AND LAND, FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 12 Blockchain technology for food security? Resilience potential and risk identification for the Multilateral System of the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture 207 Thomas Gils and Christine Frison 13 Synthetic biology and international environmental law: time to move from definition to regulation 226 David Leary PART IX OCEANS 14 Climate proofing ocean governance: a journey through unchartered waters 245 Simone Borg PART X HUMAN RIGHTS 15 A new frontier in human rights law: the proposed third international covenant on the right of human beings to the environment 266 Michel Prieur and Mohamed Ali Mekouar PART XI LITIGATION 16 Resilience and access to climate justice 285 Morgan Eleanor Harris Index

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Book SynopsisHuman Rights and Disasters provides a comprehensive analysis of the positive obligations of States under human rights law and their potential to improve protection against disasters. The book examines the practice of international and regional human rights supervising authorities to identify emerging positive obligations and recommendations and investigates how such duties interact with other applicable norms of international law in different disaster settings.Exploring the relevance of duties to act for all phases of the emergency management cycle, the book analyses how these can be applied to specific types of disasters, focusing on extreme weather events, epidemic outbreaks, and nuclear accidents. Through in-depth analysis of various case studies, the book presents a compelling argument for the importance of a human rights-based approach to disaster management.Contributing to different areas of research, including those related to the interplay of human rights and disasters, this book will be an essential resource for students and scholars in the fields of disaster risk reduction, global public health, and public international law. It will also be beneficial to non-governmental organisations, policymakers, and practitioners working to improve the protection of vulnerable populations from the devastating impacts of disasters.Trade Review‘This volume is the first comprehensive analysis on positive human rights obligations related to the protection of persons affected by disasters. Through an in-depth review of the growing practice by human rights bodies, Silvia Venier contributes in an original way to shaping the debate on the increasing relevance of human rights law in disaster management.’ -- Giulio Bartolini, Roma Tre University, Italy‘This well-researched book provides an excellent and original contribution to the academic debate on the increasing relevance of human rights law in disaster management, by taking protection against extreme weather events, epidemic outbreaks and nuclear accidents as case studies. Silvia Venier offers an engaging and thoughtful analysis of the many ways in which international human rights law frames the conduct of States (and of other relevant stakeholders) across the disaster cycle. This book will prove to be highly valuable for practitioners or academics interested in the legal aspects of disaster management, covering issues that will only increase in significance in the very near future.’ -- Emanuele Sommario, Sant’Anna School of Advanced Studies, ItalyTable of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction: International Human Rights Law and Disasters 2. An overview of the positive dimension of international human rights law as applicable to protection against disasters 3. Positive obligations identified within the United Nations Human Rights System 4. Positive obligations identified within regional human rights regimes 5. Applying positive obligations to specific disaster situations and exploring their interplay with other applicable norms of international law 6. Concluding remarks on protecting Human Rights against Disasters Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisExamining the existing legal framework for ocean carbon dioxide removal (CDR), this forward-thinking book highlights potential legal challenges and opportunities associated with using the ocean to remove and store carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. It describes five commonly discussed ocean CDR techniques, including rock-based ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE), electrochemical OAE, ocean fertilization, artificial upwelling and downwelling, and seaweed cultivation, and explores the legal issues that different techniques could raise.This timely book explores the laws governing ocean CDR research and deployment at the international level and domestically in seven countries across Asia, Europe, and North America. The analysis highlights the complexities and uncertainties associated with applying existing international and domestic law to ocean CDR, providing lawyers and policymakers with invaluable insights into areas where legal reforms are needed to facilitate in-ocean research and deployment.This book is essential reading for lawyers, policymakers, and others interested in advancing innovative climate change solutions. It will also appeal to academic and private sector scientists who are conducting research into ocean CDR.Table of ContentsContents: 1 Introduction 1 Romany M. Webb PART I OCEAN CDR PRIMER 2 The role of ocean CDR in mitigating climate change 12 Michael B. Gerrard 3 Ocean CDR approaches 20 Romany M. Webb and Korey Silverman-Roati PART II THE INTERNATIONAL LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR OCEAN CDR 4 Jurisdiction over the oceans 41 Romany M. Webb 5 International laws governing ocean CDR 47 Romany M. Webb, Korey Silverman-Roati and Michael B. Gerrard PART III DOMESTIC LAWS GOVERNING OCEAN CDR 6 Canada 86 David L. VanderZwaag, Kevin P. Berk, and Sara L. Seck 7 China 131 Keyuan Zou and Lei Zhang 8 Germany 164 Alexander Proelss and Robert C. Steenkamp 9 The Netherlands 196 Panos Merkouris, Frans Nelissen, and Medes Malaihollo 10 Norway 227 Catherine Banet 11 United Kingdom 255 Catherine Redgwell 12 United States 278 Romany M. Webb, Korey Silverman-Roati, and Michael B. Gerrard 13 Conclusion 310 Korey Silverman-Roati and Romany M. Webb Index

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Book SynopsisThis cutting-edge book invites readers to rethink environmental law and its critical role in ensuring a sustainable future for all. Featuring international narratives, it demonstrates how environmental law can be a potent tool to secure multi-actor engagement, to improve ocean governance and to usher in effective policy reforms. Contributors illustrate narratives of successful historic and contemporary developments in environmental law, setting out innovative approaches to issues such as environmental enforcement and monitoring, effective forest protection, climate adaptation and disaster risk reduction. Drawing out key lessons and practices for effective reform, this insightful book highlights opportunities by which we can respond to the acute environmental challenges facing the planet. Bringing together perspectives from both established and up-and-coming scholars, this book will be of interest to academics and students of environmental law, as well as researchers of environmental management. Policy makers and practitioners will also find inspiration in fruitful stories of environmental law and policy reform. Contributors include: T.N. Adimazoya, T. Daya-Winterbottom, R.-L. Eisma-Osorio, D. Estrin, A. Foerster, L.L. Heng, E.A. Kirk, Y. Lin, R.V. Percival, F.-K. Phillips, A. Pickering, N. Robinson, J. Steinberg-AlbinTrade Review'This uplifting compilation of environmental law success stories from all over the world offers hope, guidance, and inspiration - a welcome antidote to the paralyzing despair that pervades so many conversations about our increasingly damaged planet.' --Carmen G. Gonzalez, Seattle University School of Law, USTable of ContentsContents: List of contributors vi Foreword: Changing the Story by Antonio Oposa, Jr. viii Acknowledgements x 1 Introduction: the need to rethink environmental laws 1 Rose-Liza Eisma-Osorio, Elizabeth A. Kirk and Jessica Steinberg Albin 2 Getting the lead out: the phase-out of gasoline lead additives – a global environmental success story 8 Robert V. Percival 3 Caring for our oceans and their biodiversity 30 Trevor Daya-Winterbottom 4 The Charter of the Forest: evolving human rights in nature 54 Nicholas A. Robinson 5 Implementation of obligations for wetland and waterfowl conservation under the Ramsar Convention: lessons and options at the Sakumo Lagoon, Ghana 75 David Estrin, Freedom-Kai Phillips and Theodore Nsoe Adimazoya 6 Ecosystem-based approaches to climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction in law and policy: prospects for transformative flood risk management in Australia 100 Anita Foerster 7 Public housing in Singapore: a success story in sustainable development 128 Lye Lin-Heng 8 A perfect storm: how China’s Taizhou case marks the beginning of a new era of environmental enforcement 154 Amy Pickering and Yanmei Lin Index 174

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Book SynopsisThis significant book addresses the most important legal issues that cities face when attempting to adapt to the changing climate. This includes how to become more resilient against the impacts of climate change such as sea level rise, increases in the intensity and frequency of storms, floods, droughts, and extreme temperatures.A range of expert contributors are brought together to assess the current state of climate change law and policy at the city level, featuring analysis of key legal instruments that can help urban societies adapt to, and cope with, the changing climate. Chapters contain comparative assessments of urban climate change policies in cities across the world, in both developed and developing countries, including Ghana, South Africa, Indonesia, the Netherlands and the US. Additionally, the book analyses legal approaches, relying on planning law and other legal instruments in the hands of city governments, which can aid in combating specific problems such as the urban heat island effect.Providing an up-to-date analysis of climate change adaptation and mitigation law at the level of cities, Urban Climate Resilience will be a key resource for academics and students of environmental law, public international law, urban planning and sustainability. The lessons for future policies and laws to create more climate resilient cities will also be useful for local policymakers, regulators and city government officials working on climate change at the local level.Trade Review‘Urban form, function and governance must urgently adapt in and for a new normal where disasters, crises and other socio-economic stressors are no longer temporary states of exception. Through its rich engagement with how laws that underlie, structure and enable resilient urban life are made, implemented and lived within an array of cities over the world, this volume constitutes an integral theoretical building block of urban adaptation and resilience.’ -- Marius Pieterse, University of the Witwatersrand, South AfricaTable of ContentsContents: Foreword by Gianluca Crispi xiv 1 Introduction to climate resilient cities and the law 1 Angela van der Berg and Jonathan Verschuuren 2 The role of international law in enhancing urban climate resilience 20 Esmé Shirlow 3 Legislating for urban climate resilience: the case of Amsterdam 44 Sol Maria Halleck Vega and Josephine van Zeben 4 Indian cities’ climate resilience: what role for transnational environmental law? 70 Tuula Honkonen 5 Enabling urban climate action in Accra, Ghana: policy pathways and advances toward urban climate resilience 104 Michael Addaney 6 Resilience justice and adaptive law in European cities 124 Craig Anthony (Tony) Arnold and Tiago de Melo Cartaxo 7 Room available: an overview of the literature on urban private property adaptation law 150 Joris van Laarhoven 8 Strategic adaptation to climate change: a legal comparative study of Lyon and Montréal with a focus on urban heat islands 191 Emma Novel 9 Advancing climate resilience in US cities through green infrastructure by leveraging their dual roles as regulator and regulated under the US Clean Water Act 221 Robert Weinstock 10 The climate change mitigation and adaptation imperative in South Africa’s Spatial Planning and Land Use Management Act, 2013 (SPLUMA) 253 Jeannie van Wyk and Mark Oranje 11 Good governance and flood management in Jakarta 277 Natalia Yeti Puspita 12 Racing to defeat climate change on reluctant roads: autonomous vehicles, urban climate resilience, and legal reform 306 Tracy Hresko Pearl 13 Shared mobility towards urban climate resilience in the city of Johannesburg 326 Angela van der Berg and Anél du Plessis 14 Urban warfare: expanding legal approaches to urban climate policy in the United States 359 M Alexander Pearl Index

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