Environment, transport and planning law: general Books

Book SynopsisThis comprehensive Research Handbook offers an innovative analysis of environmental law in the global South. It contributes to an important reassessment of some of the major concepts underlying environmental law, from a perspective that emphasises how their application affects poor and marginalised people as well as the wider ecosystems in which they live. Through legal analysis of environmental issues themselves, rather than the often limited discussion of existing legal instruments, this Research Handbook discusses areas rarely prioritised in environmental law, such as land rights, and underlines how these intersect with issues including poverty, livelihoods and the use of natural resources. Featuring contributors largely from, or working in, the global South with a variety of approaches and backgrounds, the Research Handbook challenges familiar narratives around development and sustainability in this context and provides new insights into environmental rights and justice. Researchers and postgraduate students will find this Research Handbook's unique perspective invaluable, particularly in the context of a growing interest in 'people-centric' environmental law. Policymakers and activists in the global South will also be interested in its analysis of key issues and suggestions for alternative models and future policy. Contributors include: S. Adelman, U. Baxi, V. Bhagat-Ganguly, S. Bhattacharjee, L. Bhullar, C.R. Bijoy, P. Cullet, J. Dehm, B. Gebremichael, K. Gill, S. Gopalakrishnan, E. Grant, M. Gupta, T. Kaime, P. Kameri-Mbote, A.H. Khan, M. Kidd, K. Kohli, S. Koonan, A. Kothari, L. Kotzé, F. Lesniewska, L. Lohmann, M. Menon, F. Padel, U. Ramanthan, J. Razzaque, G. Sahu, P. SampatTrade Review‘The book is a timely and essential contribution to the literature on environment policy, due in no small part to its insistence on speaking with the voice of the Global South on such matters, in a way that often conflicts with prevailing narratives from forces of globalization and neoliberalism, and on challenging the premise of sustainable development and unlimited growth.’ -- Christopher Atkinson, International Journal of Public Administration'Professors Cullet and Koonan have assembled an impressive array of scholars from the global South for this state of the art Research Handbook. It takes the perspective that efforts to sustain the ecological basis of all life must first consider the lives of poor and marginalised people who are often further harmed by the rules that should protect them. As such, it is invaluable for the reader looking for a guide to sustaining and synergising human and nonhuman ecologies in the twenty-first century.' --David Takacs, University of California College of the Law, San Francisco'Environmental law has often adopted an ahistorical, technocratic approach to environmental protection that neglects the relationship between the abuse of nature and the exploitation and subordination of human beings. This book gives voice to the perspectives and priorities of marginalised communities in the South and the North, and places justice at the centre rather than the periphery of environmental law and policy.' --Carmen G. Gonzalez, Seattle University, USTable of ContentsContents: Introduction to the Research Handbook on Law, Environment and the Global South xvi Philippe Cullet and Sujith Koonan PART I QUESTIONING THE CONCEPTS OF DEVELOPMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY 1 Intergenerational justice, water rights, and climate change 2 Upendra Baxi 2 Justice, development and sustainability in the Anthropocene 14 Sam Adelman 3 Neoliberalism, law and nature 32 Larry Lohmann 4 Radical well-being alternatives to development 64 Ashish Kothari PART II ENVIRONMENTAL RIGHTS, ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE AND ACCESS TO REMEDIES 5 Environmental rights in the Global South 86 Louis J. Kotzé and Evadne Grant 6 North-South transboundary movement of hazardous wastes – the Basel Ban and environmental justice 109 Julia Dehm and Adil Hasan Khan 7 The Bhopal case: retrospect and prospect 138 Usha Ramanathan PART III LAND USE, ACQUISITION AND DISPOSSESSION 8 Land rights, poverty, and livelihoods: the case of Ethiopia 147 Brightman Gebremichael 9 Wildlife conservation and land rights in Kenya: competing or complementary agendas? 169 Patricia Kameri-Mbote 10 Land-grabs and dispossession in India: laws of value 190 Preeti Sampat PART IV FORESTS: A CONTESTED RESOURCE OR COMMODITY 11 Environmental impact assessment in the context of mangrove forest ecosystem management in Bangladesh: a case study of Rampal coal power plant project 207 Jona Razzaque 12 Forests, people and poverty: failing to reform the global development paradigm 231 Feja Lesniewska 13 Access to and control over forest resources – the case of the Forest Rights Act, 2006 in India 249 Shankar Gopalakrishnan PART V INDIGENOUS PEOPLES: RESOURCE USE, CONSERVATION, LIVELIHOODS AND RIGHTS 14 Forest rights and tribals in mineral rich areas of India: the Vedanta case and beyond 272 Geetanjoy Sahu 15 Conservation and livelihoods: conflicts or convergence? 286 CR Bijoy PART VI ENERGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT 16 International energy policy for development: human rights and sustainable development law imperatives 305 Thoko Kaime 17 Nuclear energy and liability: an environmental perspective 322 Saurabh Bhattacharjee PART VII WATER: PRIVATISATION, DEVELOPMENT AND HUMAN RIGHTS 18 Realisation of the right to water: lessons from South Africa 348 Michael Kidd 19 Dams and displacement: the case of the Sardar Sarovar Project, India 371 Varsha Bhagat-Ganguly 20 Wastewater reuse in irrigated agriculture in urban and peri-urban India: a farmers’ rights perspective 396 Lovleen Bhullar PART VIII COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL USE OF RESOURCES AND EQUITY 21 Mining, development and environment in India 413 Felix Padel and Malvika Gupta 22 Environment impact assessment in India: contestations over regulating development 435 Manju Menon and Kanchi Kohli 23 The informal waste sector: ‘surplus’ labour, detritus, and the right to the post-colonial city 452 Kaveri Gill Index 477

Read more less

Book SynopsisContaining an in-depth study of the emerging theory and core concepts of ecological law, this book insightfully proposes a 'lens of ecological law' through which the disparity between current laws and ecological law can be assessed. The lens consists of three principles: ecocentrism, ecological primacy and ecological justice. These principles are used within the book to explore and analyse the challenges and opportunities related to the transition to ecological law and to examine three key mining case studies. This thought-provoking book argues that ecological law should develop a needs-based approach to mining coupled with an ecological integrity standard in support of the effort to build a convivial and ecologically just society. This book's innovative approach treats ecological law as an emerging discipline by summarizing and discussing key aspects of its theory, including its foundations in science and critiques of economic growth; the core ideas from its foundational scholars; how to define it; and how it relates to Indigenous legal traditions and green legal theory. The Lens of Ecological Law will appeal to scholars and students in the fields of environmental and ecological law, sustainability and natural resources, whilst also being of interest to readers concerned with extractivism.Trade Review'Carla Sbert's book, The Lens of Ecological Law, is a foundational text for the emerging field of ecological law and governance. Not only is it the first book to offer an expansive overview and analysis of the principles of ecological law, but it applies those principles to one of the most pertinent industries to existing environmental law - the extractive industry. This book is crucial reading for academics and practitioners that seek to address the systemic and institutional flaws of existing environmental law, and their search towards a more responsive, sustainable, and just system of governance that better protects our interconnected, interdependent world.' --Kathryn Gwiazdon, Center for Environmental Ethics and Law, US'''Ecological law'' reframes ''environmental law'' and this book shows its theoretical and practical superiority. Through the lens of ecological law, we can clearly see why traditional environmental laws have failed and how domestic and international law must be advanced to protect and restore the integrity of ecological systems, for example, in the context of mining. The book is an impressive testimony to the fact that a just, sustainable society is possible and, crucially, how it can be achieved.' --Klaus Bosselmann, University of Auckland, New ZealandTable of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction: How Far to Ecological Law? A Look at Mining through the Lens of Ecological Law Part 1 – The Emerging Theory of Ecological Law 2. Underpinnings of Ecological Law 3. Converging Proposals for a New Approach: Selected Foundational Scholarship on Ecological Law 4. Defining Ecological Law 5. The Ecological Law Paradigm Shift 6. Ecological Law and Indigenous Legal Traditions 7. Ecological Law and Green Legal Theory Part II – The Lens of Ecological Law 8. What Qualifies as a Principle of Ecological Law for Purposes of the Lens of Ecological Law? 9. The Lens of Ecological Law: Three Core Principles Part III – Mining Case Studies through the Lens of Ecological Law 10. Introduction to Case Studies 11. El Salvador’s Metal Mining Ban through the Lens of Ecological Law 12. Mining in Canada’s Ring of Fire through the Lens of Ecological Law 13. Mining, Rights of Nature and Suma Qamaña/Vivir Bien in Bolivia through the Lens of Ecological Law 14. Conclusion Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis expanded and updated Research Handbook delivers an authoritative and in-depth guide to the conceptual foundations of environmental law. It offers a nuanced reflection on the underlying principles by exploring issues such as human rights, constitutional rights, sustainable development and environmental impact assessment within the context of environmental law.Perceptive contributions examine the emerging roles played by a range of concepts, values and objectives in environmental governance. The nature of these emerging concepts and their relationship with traditional rights and duties, which are typically reactive in nature, is of particular significance. New and revised chapters thoroughly examine the concepts at the heart of environmental law including sustainability, protection and climate change law. This second edition further illuminates key aspects of environmental governance through the lens of their underlying dimensions: the form, structure and language of international, regional and national instruments; the function of norms, objectives and standards; and the relevance of economic analysis and of integrated policy formulation.This discerning new edition will be an ideal read for all students and researchers in environmental law and governance. Furthermore, it will be essential reading and a valuable resource for policymakers, legal drafters and those wanting to understand the foundations of the modern environmental legal system.Table of ContentsContents: PART I INTRODUCTION 1 The jurisprudential structure of environmental law 2 Douglas Fisher 2 A normative approach to environmental governance: sustainability at the apex of environmental law 23 Klaus Bosselmann 3 From protection to restoration: a challenge for environmental governance 45 Afshin Akhtar-Khavari and Anastasia Telesetsky 4 Transnational environmental law: the birth of a contemporary analytical perspective 71 Caiphas B. Soyapi and Louis Kotzé 5 Economic approaches to environmental governance: a principled analysis 94 Michael Faure 6 Human rights and the environment: a tale of ambivalence and hope 123 Anna Grear 7 A constitutional human right to a healthy environment 141 Nicholas Bryner 8 Rights of nature: a critique 164 Peter Burdon and Claire Williams PART II THE DEVELOPING INTERNATIONAL LAW REGIME 9 The development of international environmental law by the International Court of Justice 184 Tim Stephens 10 The relative normativity of international environmental law 205 Niko Soininen and Seita Romppanen 11 The principle of sustainable development as a legal norm 228 Jonathan Verschuuren 12 The concept of the common heritage of mankind 252 Prue Taylor PART III CONCEPTUAL APPROACHES TO THE ACHIEVEMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL GOALS 13 Environmental policy integration: the importance of balance and trade-offs 277 Jørgen K. Knudsen and William M. Lafferty 14 The role played by policy objectives in environmental law 301 Chris McGrath 15 The functions of rights of property in environmental law 318 David Grinlinton 16 Environmental impact assessment: ‘setting the law ablaze’ 339 Elizabeth Fisher 17 The precautionary principle in environmental governance 361 Annecoos Wiersema 18 The status of environmental principles in environmental law 381 Eloise Scotford 19 The conceptual foundations of climate change law 406 Benoit Mayer 20 The judicial development of ecologically sustainable development 427 Brian J. Preston Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisIn-depth examination of the inherent tensions and dynamics of transport corridors in Africa: between short-term optics and long-term durability; between regional integration and national interest; between the facilitation of trade and the generation of corridor revenue. The image of the corridor, a central pathway of road and rail carving its way through Africa's interior, has guided the coordination of transport and trade developments on the continent in recent decades. Existing analysis of the "Corridor" - a label with a great capacity to change shape, guiding funding and infrastructural priorities at different times and in different settings - tends to be presentist, technical, and conveyed in the language of transport economics. The chapters collected here showcase a more varied approach, offering perspectives from academics and policy-makers coming from a range of disciplinary backgrounds. They capture the varied forms of the corridor concept (developmental, transport, and trade corridors), the multiplicity of actors (including China and the European Union), as well as the different permutations of the infrastructure itself, in corridors linking coastal states and in others that link coastal states with the hinterland. The breadth of cases allows for a comparative perspective of East, West, and Southern Africa, as well as the basis of comparisons outside of the continent in Europe, South Asia, and elsewhere. The motivations behind corridor initiatives in Africa range enormously, from resource extraction to urban development and poverty reduction. A lot depends on scale, and this collection places the grand designs thrashed out at continental and regional economic forums alongside the individual concerns of drivers and cross-border traders hauling goods across the continent's checkpoints. What emerges are a number of central tensions in the study of transport corridors: between short-term optics and long-term durability; between road and rail as modes of transportation; between regional integration and national interest; between the facilitation of trade and the generation of corridor revenue; between different port configurations; and between local dynamics and the dynamics of long-distance transportation. This book is available as an Open Access ebook under the Creative Commons license CC-BY-NC.Table of ContentsList of Illustrations Notes on Contributors Preface and Acknowledgements 1. Introduction: Transport Corridors in Africa: Synergy, Slippage, and Sustainability Paul Nugent and Hugh Lamarque 2. Infrastructure, Development and Neoliberalism in Africa: The Concept of Transport Corridors in Uganda Sidy Cissokho 3. Hidden in Plain Sight: The Temporal Layers of Transport Corridors in Uganda Isabella Soi 4. From Priority Projects to Corridor Approaches: The African and European Transport Networks in Perspective Sergio Oliete Josa and Francesc Margrinyà 5. The Political Economy of West African Integration: The Transport Sector on Two Port Corridors Bruce Byiers and Sean Woolfrey 6. The Dakar-Bamako Corridor: Between Boom and Contradictions Jérôme Lombard 7. Privatising the Port: Harbouring Neoliberalism in Lomé Nina Sylvanus 8. A Time for Realignment? Retrofit in the Golden Era of the Cameroonian Railways José-María Muñoz 9. When is a Corridor Just a Road? Understanding Thwarted Ambitions Along the Abidjan-Lagos Corridor Paul Nugent 10. The Jealousy of Roads: Construction, Circulation, and Competition on East Africa's Transport Corridors Hugh Lamarque 11. Following the Tracks: Chinese Development Finance and the Addis-Djibouti Railway Corridor Yunnan Chen 12. Corridors of Opportunity? African Infrastructure and the Market Expansion of Chinese Companies Elisa Gambino

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis essential two-volume collection contains the most influential articles written over the past eight decades that contribute to an understanding of the economics of traffic congestion. The first volume explores the classic contributions on congestion and road pricing and includes papers in dynamic models and second-best congestion pricing. The second volume analyses ownership arrangements such as private roads, investment and financing, urban land use, social acceptability and distributional aspects of road pricing.Erik Verhoef has written an insightful introduction which provides a clear overview of a problem which is of major importance in both developed and developing countries.Table of ContentsContents: Volume I Acknowledgements Introduction Erik T. Verhoef PART I CONGESTION AND ROAD PRICING: CLASSIC CONTRIBUTIONS 1. A.C. Pigou (1920), ‘Divergences between Marginal Trade Net Product and Marginal Individual Net Product’ 2. F. H. Knight (1924), ‘Some Fallacies in the Interpretation of Social Cost’ 3. John Glen Wardrop (1952), ‘Some Theoretical Aspects of Road Traffic Research’ 4. Martin Beckmann, C.B. McGuire and Christopher B. Winsten (1956), ‘Equilibrium’ and ‘Efficiency’ 5. M.J. Lighthill and G.B. Whitham (1955), ‘On Kinematic Waves. II: A Theory of Traffic Flow on Long Crowded Roads’ 6. Paul I. Richards (1956), ‘Shock Waves on the Highway’ 7. A.A. Walters (1961), ‘The Theory and Measurement of Private and Social Cost of Highway Congestion’ 8. William S. Vickrey (1963), ‘Pricing in Urban and Suburban Transport’ 9. Dietrich Braess, Anna Nagurney and Tina Wakolbinger (2005), ‘On a Paradox of Traffic Planning’ [Translated from the German: D. Braess (1968), ‘Über ein Paradoxon aus der Verkehrsplanung’] PART II DYNAMIC MODELLING 10. William S. Vickrey (1969), ‘Congestion Theory and Transport Investment’ 11. Kenneth A. Small (1982), ‘The Scheduling of Consumer Activities: Work Trips’ 12. Richard Arnott, André de Palma and Robin Lindsey (1993), ‘A Structural Model of Peak-Period Congestion: A Traffic Bottleneck with Elastic Demand’ 13. Carson E. Agnew (1976), ‘Dynamic Modeling and Control of Congestion-Prone Systems’ 14. G.F. Newell (1988), ‘Traffic Flow for the Morning Commute’ 15. Xuehao Chu (1995), ‘Endogenous Trip Scheduling: The Henderson Approach Reformulated and Compared with the Vickrey Approach’ PART III SECOND-BEST CONGESTION PRICING 16. H. Lévy-Lambert (1968), ‘Pricing of Variable-Quality Services – Application to Road Tolls’ [Translated from the French: ‘Tarification des Services à Qualité Variable: Application aux Péages de Circulation’] 17. Maurice Marchand (1968), ‘A Note on Optimal Tolls in an Imperfect Environment’ 18. Erik Verhoef, Peter Nijkamp and Piet Rietveld (1996), ‘Second-Best Congestion Pricing: The Case of an Untolled Alternative’ 19. Ralph M. Braid (1996), ‘Peak-Load Pricing of a Transportation Route with an Unpriced Substitute’ 20. B. De Borger, S. Proost and K. Van Dender (2005), ‘Congestion and Tax Competition in a Parallel Network’ 21. David M. Levinson (2000), ‘Revenue Choice on a Serial Network’ 22. Erik T. Verhoef (2002), ‘Second-best Congestion Pricing in General Networks. Heuristic Algorithms for Finding Second-Best Optimal Toll Levels and Toll Points’ 23. Agachai Sumalee, Tony May and Simon Shepherd (2005), ‘Comparison of Judgmental and Optimal Road Pricing Cordons’ 24. Se-il Mun, Ko-ji Konishi and Kazuhiro Yoshikawa (2003), ‘Optimal Cordon Pricing’ 25. Richard Arnott, André de Palma and Robin Lindsey (1990), ‘Economics of a Bottleneck’ 26. Richard Arnott and Marvin Kraus (1998), ‘When Are Anonymous Congestion Charges Consistent with Marginal Cost Pricing?’ 27. Inge Mayeres and Stef Proost (2001), ‘Marginal Tax Reform, Externalities and Income Distribution’ 28. Ian W.H. Parry and Antonio Bento (2000), ‘Revenue Recycling and the Welfare Effects of Road Pricing’ 29. André De Palma and Robin Lindsey (1998), ‘Information and Usage of Congestible Facilities under Different Pricing Regimes’ 30. Amihai Glazer and Esko Niskanen (1992), ‘Parking Fees and Congestion’ 31. Richard Arnott and John Rowse (1999), ‘Modeling Parking’ 32. Kenneth A. Small and José A. Gómez-Ibáñez (1998), ‘Road Pricing for Congestion Management: The Transition from Theory to Policy’ Volume II Acknowledgements An introduction to both volumes by the editor appears in Volume I PART I PRIVATE ROADS 1. Noel M. Edelson (1971), ‘Congestion Tolls under Monopoly’ 2. David E. Mills (1981), ‘Ownership Arrangements and Congestion-Prone Facilities’ 3. Philip A. Viton (1995), ‘Private Roads’ 4. Louie Nan Liu and John F. McDonald (1998), ‘Efficient Congestion Tolls in the Presence of Unpriced Congestion: A Peak and Off-Peak Simulation Model’ 5. André de Palma and Robin Lindsey (2000), ‘Private Toll Roads: Competition under Various Ownership Regimes’ 6. Eduardo Engel, Ronald Fischer and Alexander Galetovic (1997), ‘Highway Franchising: Pitfalls and Opportunities’ PART II INVESTMENT AND FINANCING 7. Herbert Mohring and Mitchell Harwitz (1962), ‘Highway Taxation and the Magniture of Highway Benefits’, from ‘Benefits and the Tax System’ 8. Theodore E. Keeler and Kenneth A. Small (1977), ‘Optimal Peak-Load Pricing, Investment, and Service Levels on Urban Expressways’ 9. Marvin Kraus (1981), ‘Scale Economies Analysis for Urban Highway Networks’ 10. David M. Newbery (1989), ‘Cost Recovery from Optimally Designed Roads’ 11. William C. Wheaton (1978), ‘Price-induced Distortions in Urban Highway Investment’ 12. John D. Wilson (1983), ‘Optimal Road Capacity in the Presence of Unpriced Congestion’ 13. Edmond L. d’Ouville and John F. McDonald (1990), ‘Optimal Road Capacity with a Suboptimal Congestion Toll’ 14. J. Berechman and D. Pines (1991), ‘Financing Road Capacity and Returns to Scale under Marginal Cost Pricing’ 15. Kenneth A. Small (1999), ‘Economies of Scale and Self-financing Rules with Non-competitive Factor Markets’ 16. Richard Arnott and Marvin Kraus (1998), ‘Self-financing of Congestible Facilities in a Growing Economy’ 17. Hai Yang and Qiang Meng (2002), ‘A Note on “Highway Pricing and Capacity Choice in a Road Network under a Build-Operate-Transfer Scheme”’ PART III CONGESTION, ROAD PRICING AND URBAN LAND USE 18. Robert M. Solow and William S. Vickrey (1971), ‘Land Use in a Long Narrow City’ 19. Robert M. Solow (1973), ‘Congestion Cost and the Use of Land for Streets’ 20. Yitzhak Oron, David Pines and Eytan Sheshinski (1973), ‘Optimum vs. Equilibrium Land Use Pattern and Congestion Toll’ 21. Richard J. Arnott and James G. MacKinnon (1978), ‘Market and Shadow Land Rents with Congestion’ 22. Alex Anas and Rong Xu (1999), ‘Congestion, Land Use, and Job Dispersion: A General Equilibrium Model’ PART IV SOCIAL ACCCEPTABILITY AND DISTRIBUTIONAL ASPECTS OF ROAD PRICING 23. Christopher D. Foster (1974), ‘The Regressiveness of Road Pricing’ 24. Harry W. Richardson (1974), ‘A Note on the Distributional Effects of Road Pricing’ 25. C.D. Foster (1975), ‘A Note on the Distributional Effects of Road Pricing: A Comment’ 26. Harry W. Richardson (1975), ‘A Rejoinder’ 27. Richard Layard (1977), ‘The Distributional Effects of Congestion Taxes’ 28. Richard Arnott, André de Palma and Robin Lindsey (1994), ‘The Welfare Effects of Congestion Tolls with Heterogeneous Commuters’ 29. P.B. Goodwin (1989), ‘The “Rule of Three”: A Possible Solution to the Political Problem of Competing Objectives for Road Pricing’ 30. Kenneth A. Small (1992), ‘Using the Revenues from Congestion Pricing’ Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisCurrent systems thinking in urban and environmental planning provides ways to consider hidden forces behind both planned and consequential changes, in order that we can express, check, and clarify our mental models of the structure and function of these systems.In this path-breaking book, Anastássios Perdicoúlis progresses the conception and expression of the planning problem as an 'extended mental model'. In doing so he concisely expresses the essential elements of strategic planning (conditions, objectives, action) in a visual form which both stimulates and clearly communicates reasoning. As a result, concerns, defined objectives, and corresponding actions are uniquely linked. He goes on to illustrate how the structural and functional organization of the target system extends naturally into the planning process, and how decision-making therefore becomes based on systems learning.This challenging book will enhance the ability of spatial planners of all levels, especially students and newly qualified professionals, to prepare effective plan proposals. Strategy consultants will also find it a useful tool in preparing improved plan proposals and communicating more effectively with clients. Additionally, the book will assist government bodies to focus on the crux of development problems and reach balanced decisions more quickly. The enhanced problem formulation method presented in this volume is sure to prove an invaluable tool for researchers, students, and consultants in related fields including: operations research, system dynamics, business management, impact assessment, landscape architecture and environmental engineering.Trade Review’Systems Thinking and Decision Making in Urban and Environmental Planning constitutes an excellent, timely and innovative contribution to the planning literature that goes well beyond the classical systems theory. Anastassios Perdicoulis' book is enjoyable to read, the technical language, blended with numerous examples and case studies, is well adapted to readers with different backgrounds and experiences, from planning students to professional urban and environmental planners, and the main message is clearly presented. The current non-explicit style of planning practice brings about a number of important weaknesses to the whole planning process. Against this background, the author rightly argues that appropriate actions, the rational behind these actions and the on the ground outcomes have to be disclosed, clearly explained and verified to enable more effective communication and participation of the different stakeholders in decision making.’ --Paulo Pinho, Research Centre for Territory, Transports and Environment, Portugal\'Perdicoúlis's book will serve well as an introductory text in fields of engineering, management and operations research, although not written as a textbook.' --Tridib Banerjee, Journal of Regional ScienceTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction 2. Systems Thinking 3. Decision Making 4. Diagramming Techniques 5. New Plans 6. Existing Plans 7. Simulations Epilogue Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book offers an authoritative analysis of the challenges that have arisen as a result of modern technologies. It covers several environmental problems, such as climate change, overexploitation of natural resources, loss of natural habitats, pollution and human population growth, and discusses practical scenarios for sustainable human dwelling of our planet. Adopting an interdisciplinary approach, the first part introduces “global changes”, describing how they are happening in reality, and the challenges arising from them. The second part introduces methodological approaches borrowed from various disciplines, such as engineering, management science, philosophy and theology, which can help deal with the contemporary challenges resulting from global changes. Lastly, the third part discusses some of the themes presented in the light of novel concepts, such as the Anthropocene, and includes interesting proposals and ideas about how human beings could dwell the Earth in this new age. Offering a comprehensive theoretical reflection on the relation between technology, environment and human beings, it also provides a practice-oriented guide for researchers and decision-makers working on a new ethical paradigm of acting in the Anthropocene.Table of ContentsIntroduction.- What’s New about Global Changes? Rethinking Technology, Environment, and Society. An Overview.- New Environments. Rethinking Ethics in an Era of Technological Changes.- New Praxis. Releasement in a Technological World.- New Technologies. Rethinking Ethics and the Environment.- New Politics. Sovereignty, Representation, and the Nonhuman.- New Wastes. Nature is not an Unlimited Station.- Contemporary Challenges.- Ethics and Geoengineering: An Overview.- Two Conceptions of Embracing Ecological Change in Ecosystem Man-agement and Species Conservation: Accommodation and Intervention.- Groundwater as a Common Pool Resource: Modelling, Management and the Complicity Ethic in a Non-Collective World.- Sustainability and the Future of the Commons. An Epistemological Examination.- Global Social Change: Human Ecology from an Eco-ethical Perspective.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis open access book examines the governance and legal landscape of the global commodity sector. For that purpose, the author conceptualises both Global Commodity Governance (GCG) as well as Transnational Commodity Law (TCL). He defines the key terms of Global Commodity Governance, delineates the underlying legal framework of Transnational Commodity Law, and assesses the effectiveness of Transnational Commodity Law in fostering a functional commodity sector. “Sustainable Commodity Use” is based on a comprehensive analysis of over 250 international agreements, standards, and guiding documents. The author distils the main findings into a conceptualisation of Transnational Commodity Law and provides the reader with a succinct overview of its normative configurations as well as regulatory gaps. Moreover, he elaborates a taxonomy of International Commodity Agreements. In addition, an outline of the normative substance of Transnational Commodity Law features in an appendix to the main text. The author concludes by making concrete suggestions on how rules regulating commodity activities de lege ferenda could and should be designed to improve the effectiveness of law regulating transnational commodity activity. In doing so, he demonstrates the application of the sustainable use principle as the overall objective and purpose of Transnational Commodity Law and discusses International Commodity Agreements as future regulatory instruments. This book may assist lawmakers, practitioners, civil society advocates, and academics worldwide in developing a legal framework for sustainable global commodity activity.Table of ContentsIntroduction.- The emergence of Global Commodity Governance.- Conceptualising TCL.- The effectiveness of TCL.- Fostering the effectiveness of TCL.- Conclusions.- The substance of TCL: An outline.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis open access book presents a legal geography of property rights in land through the lenses of landscape and critical spatial justice. It seeks to reassert the importance of landscape and place in property as an alternative to abstract concepts of property which dominate contemporary thinking. It investigates property’s origins and uptake in the common law through the lenses of landscape and spatial justice, providing a genealogy of property, from its early origins in pre-feudal Scandinavia to its development as a cornerstone concept in English common law. It offers a new perspective and analytical tools to reconsider many accepted approaches to land in the law today. This book also contributes both to the decolonization of property law and critiques of property’s unsustainability, as well as the examination of the role of law itself in facilitating large scale land changes that destroy place, and the ramifications of this process. As such, it should be of interest to inter-disciplinary scholars working in the socio-legal, environmental and property law fieldsTable of Contents1. Introduction: A Legal Geography of Property Rights in Land.- 2. Placing Property in the Landscape.- 3. Locke and the Homogenisation of the Landscape.- 4. Blackstone and the Externalisation of Landscape.- 5. Marx and the Dephysicalisation of the Landscape.- 6. Extinguishing Landscape, Creating Property: Property and Spatial Injustice.- 7. Progressive Property: A Spatially Just Approach to Property?.- 8. Conclusion: Property’s Placelessness.

Read more less

Book SynopsisA key point in the book is the need to focus more seriously at the energy problem as the real problem behind global warming. The failure of global climate policies to reduce CO2 emissions and halt climate change has led an increasing number of scientist and activists to lose confidence in democracy's ability to handle climate change and led them to look to more authoritarian measures to meet the problem. The book documents these trends, also from a historical perspective, criticize them and sketches more democratic alternatives.Table of ContentsPART I. The climate threat and democracyChapter 1. The point of departure A global failure A gloomy picture Will we have to discard democracy to save the world? My point of departure What about the precautionary principle? Democracy The two sides of the climate problem Chapter 2. The climate problem and climate policy The mechanisms behind global warming Global warming versus climate An example: “We have only 12 years” What does the IPCC say? Climate policy A wicked problem From Rio via Kyoto to Paris A failing model Goal management of the global temperature The global strategy and the frustration with democracy Part II. Antidemocratic threats Chapter 3. The antidemocratic heritage and the dream about “Eco dictatorship” Historical roots – society as a threat against nature The ecological heritage of the environmental movement The extreme to the right – eco fascism Eco fascism to-day Chapter 4. The current climate debate and the threat to democracy The deep-ecology roots of the current climate debate Anti-democratic activism The vision of the expert-governed meritocracy Climate change as a threat against free debate and critical research Critique of the antidemocratic answer to the climate problem Are authoritarian regimes doing better? Is an authoritarian climate coup likely? Chapter 5. Popular climate uproar and the undermining of democracy The car-based society Climate uproar to “save the climate” The road toll uproar The ferry uproar The wind power uproar The popular uproar against climate hysteria Unrealistic climate goals and the undermining of democracy The problem with the person-focused climate policy The polarized climate debate and the undermining of democracy Chapter 6. The “non-political” solution of the climate problem What is climate engineering A global heatshield Historical retrospect A problematic strategy The search for knowledge The democratic problem PART III. DEMOCRATIC ALTERNATIVES Chapter 7. A wicked problem The crisis strategy Why do climate policies become so conflict-ridden? A little bit of theory The theory and climate policies – wind power as an example About theory and practice Lenin and Thunberg or Brox (for info: Brox is a Norwegian professor) About future generations About eating an elephant Chapter 8. Contributions to democratic answers to the climate problem About taking bites of the elephant Carbon tax rather that emission quotas Green growth A green New Deal What about nuclear power? Finally, some points about adapting to a changing climate No “quick fix” Chapter 9. The dream about Paradise About recreating Paradise Forward towards the past Paradise lost The climate problem, democracy and defence of the open society References Notes Keywords

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book SynopsisDie alliierten Kunstrestitutionsprogramme der ersten Nachkriegsjahre sind bislang kaum untersucht worden. Anknüpfend an zeithistorische Forschungen zur Besatzungspolitik zeichnet Emily Löffler in ihrem Buch die französischen und amerikanischen Programme nach: von 1944 bis zur Übergabe der Kulturrestitution in deutsche Hände zu Beginn der 1950er Jahre. Sie verortet sie im Kontext der alliierten Kultur- und Besatzungspolitik und analysiert, wie bestimmte Konzepte von Kulturerbe und patrimoine die Restitutionen im Spannungsfeld von interalliierter Kooperation und nationalen Eigeninteressen prägten. Das Buch gibt wichtige Impulse für die Geschichte der Kunstgeschichte, für Forschungen zu Restitution und Wiedergutmachung und versteht sich nicht zuletzt als Beitrag zur Grundlagenforschung für die Provenienzforschung.

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe book provides an introduction to shipping in all its aspects. It is a valuable source of information for students of traditional maritime law as well as for those who seek to understand maritime and shipping services on a global scale. The text includes information and analytical content on national and international practices in shipping, including the age-old dichotomy between freedom in international shipping and the persistent demands of states to control specific maritime areas, as well as the tension between, on the one hand, the desire on the part of sovereign states to regulate and protect their shipping interests and, on the other, the abiding concern and unquestioned right of the international community to regulate the global shipping industry effectively, in order to ensure maritime safety, protection of the environment and fair competition.Table of ContentsFreedom in International Shipping.- Shipping as a Vital Service to World Trade.- The Sectors of Shipping.- Private Shipping Organisations.- The Interface with Governments: National and International.- Shipping Nationalism and Government Involvement.- Demise of Protectionism and Rise of Liberalisation.- Co-operation in Liner Shipping.- Development of Competition Policy and its Historical Evolution.- Maritime Governance.- Nationality and Registration of Ships: Concept and Practice.- Maritime Safety Standards: Compliance and Enforcement.- Maritime Security: Legal Framework in International Law.- Protection of the Marine Environment.- The Private Law of Marine Pollution.- Liability and Limitation of Liability.- Conclusion: The Current Milieu and Beyond.

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe growth in population has caused extensive industrialization, resulting in pollution on multiple levels. Different types of industries release their effluents into various bodies of water, creating a persistent need for recycling these effluents before discharging them. The book aims to provide its readers with comprehensive information on recycling industrial effluents, covering everything from the fundamentals to various recycling methods.

Read more less

Book SynopsisIncrease in the population has led to rapid industrialization, thus leading to pollution at all levels. With industries of various types discharging their all types of effluents in various sources of water, a constant need has been felt for recycling of these effluents, before discharging them in to these sources. The book makes an attempt to equip it's readers with each and every aspect of recycling of industrial effluents. The entire book provides adequate information from the very basics to various types of recycling techniques.Table of Contents1. Introduction 2. Environment 3. Environment v/s Development 4. Water Resources 5. Water Pollution 6. Forest Resources 7. Forest Degradation 8. Industries. Effluents and Their Treatments 9. Effects of Industrial Effluents 10. Analysis of Industrial Effluent 11. Treatments of Industrial Effluents 12. Volatile Organic Compounds 13. World Bank Standards and Indian Standards 14. Phytosociology 15. Biostatistics 16. Recycling Technology 17. Biological Methods of Recycling 18. Chemical Methods of Recycling 19. Evopotranspiration 20. Zero Waste 21. Case Studies

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis review is biennially produced by the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP). It describes the environment within which the transport sector is developing and the principal challenges that this environment poses to governments, the transport industry and society at large. The publication also focuses on tracing the significant development of roads, railways, shipping, ports, inland waterways and air transport industries and infrastructure in the region. In addition, it considers the changing delivery mechanisms across all transport sectors and discusses urban transport issues. Finally, the review examines the process of globalization, trade agreements related to transport, regionalism, collocation of production transport facilities, as well as intermodal transport systems.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe publication focuses on greening urban passenger transport systems in Asia and the Pacific region. It will review existing state of public transport systems and assess the environmental sustainability and inclusiveness of passenger transport. In the context of COVID-19, it will also includes an analysis of impacts of COVID-19 on urban mobility with cases form Asian cities. By analysing anticipated growth of passengers, energy use and emissions, and the state of infrastructure and operation of passenger transport systems, the publication make policy recommendations to improve overall sustainability, inclusiveness and resilience of urban passenger transport systems in Asia. Use of technology and innovations, promotion of active mobility and integration urban and transport planning, and regional cooperation are some of policies and actions suggested. The publication provides sufficient insight into the measures and policies, as well as ESCAP interventions, towards achieving environmental sustainability and inclusiveness of passenger transport in the region, while building back better from the COVID-19 crisis

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe Manual of Tests and Criteria contains criteria, test methods and procedures to be used for classification of dangerous goods according to the provisions of Parts 2 and 3 of the United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods, Model Regulations, as well as of chemicals presenting physical hazards according to the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS). As a consequence, it supplements also national or international regulations which are derived from the United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods or the GHS.At its ninth session (7 December 2018), the Committee adopted a set of amendments to the sixth revised edition of the Manual as amended by Amendment 1. This seventh revised edition takes account of these amendments. In addition, noting that the work to facilitate the use of the Manual in the context of the GHS had been completed, the Committee considered that the reference to the "Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods" in the title of the Manual was no longer appropriate, and decided that from now on, the Manual should be entitled "Manual of Tests and Criteria".

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe Manual of Tests and Criteria contains criteria, test methods and procedures to be used for classification of dangerous goods according to the provisions of Parts 2 and 3 of the United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods, Model Regulations, as well as of chemicals presenting physical hazards according to the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS). As a consequence, it supplements also national or international regulations which are derived from the United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods or the GHS.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe Manual of Tests and Criteria contains criteria, test methods and procedures to be used for classification of dangerous goods according to the provisions of Parts 2 and 3 of the United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods, Model Regulations, as well as of chemicals presenting physical hazards according to the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS). As a consequence, it supplements also national or international regulations which are derived from the United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods or the GHS. At its ninth session (7 December 2018), the Committee adopted a set of amendments to the sixth revised edition of the Manual as amended by Amendment 1. This seventh revised edition takes account of these amendments. In addition, noting that the work to facilitate the use of the Manual in the context of the GHS had been completed, the Committee considered that the reference to the “Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods” in the title of the Manual was no longer appropriate, and decided that from now on, the Manual should be entitled “Manual of Tests and Criteria"".

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Inland Waterways (ADN) done at Geneva on 26 May 2000 under the auspices of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) and the Central Commission for Navigation on the Rhine (CCNR) has been in force since February 2008. This version has been prepared on the basis of amendments applicable as from 1 January 2019. The Regulations annexed to the ADN contain provisions concerning dangerous substances and articles, their carriage in packages and in bulk on board inland navigation vessels or tank vessels, as well as provisions concerning the construction and operation of such vessels. They also address requirements and procedures for inspections, the issue of certificates of approval, recognition of classification societies, monitoring, and training and examination of experts. They are harmonized to the greatest possible extent with the dangerous goods agreements for other modes of transport.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis publication contains criteria, test methods and procedures to be used for classification of dangerous goods according to the provisions of Parts 2 and 3 of the United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods, Model Regulations, as well as of chemicals presenting physical hazards according to the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS). It also supplements national or international regulations which are derived from the United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods or the GHS.

Read more less

Book SynopsisRecommandations relatives au transport des marchandises dangereuses des Nations Unies, et pour classer les produits chimiques qui présentent des dangers physiques conformément au Système général harmonisé de classification et d’étiquetage des produits chimiques (SGH). En conséquence, il complète également les règlements nationaux et internationaux qui ont été établis sur la base des Recommandations relatives au transport des marchandises dangereuses ou du SGH.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road is intended to increase the safety of international transport of dangerous goods by road. Regularly amended and updated since its entry into force, it contains the conditions under which dangerous goods may be carried internationally. This version has been prepared on the basis of amendments applicable as from 1 January 2017. It contains in particular new or revised provisions concerning for vehicles and machineries; battery powered vehicles and equipment; marking and labelling for lithium batteries in Class 9; instructions in writing; construction and equipment of vehicles; use of LPG, CNG and LNG as fuel for vehicles carrying dangerous goods.

Read more less