Energy industries and utilities Books
Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd European Energy Politics
Book SynopsisTrade Review‘This is a fascinating study, which juxtaposes two major factors that have shaped the EU’s energy policy recently: the increasing salience of environmental concerns, which shaped the EU’s Green Deal, and the evolving pattern of the EU’s relations with its previously major supplier Russia. The book is strongly recommended to anyone who is interested in the complexity of the EU's energy policy and its current evolution.’ -- Tatiana Romanova, Saint-Petersburg State University, Russia‘This book makes it explicit how profoundly different the EU energy policies of the 2020s are compared to the previous decade, documenting how and why the Union's long-standing relations with Russia came to an end. This will be important to keep in mind in the years to come once EU Member States establish relations with potential hydrogen suppliers.’ -- Pami Aalto, Tampere University, Finland‘A very timely book that offers a fresh and compelling perspective on the evolving EU energy and climate policies in the wake of the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Through in-depth, acute analysis, Marco Siddi charts the evolution of energy relations between the EU and Russia and convincingly shows the key role that Europe can play in the global green transition.’ -- Andrea Prontera, University of Macerata, Italy‘The book provides a comprehensive look back at European energy policy, explaining how we reached the present moment. Such an understanding is critical to chart a path forward, away from dependence on Russian fossil fuels and through the interdependencies of the new energy era.’ -- Samantha Gross, Energy Security and Climate Initiative, Brookings Institution, USTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1 Introduction: European energy and climate policy and the green transition 2 Studying European energy policy: concepts, theories and approaches 3 The EU’s Energy Union: focusing on security and diversification 4 The European Green Deal: shifting the focus to the energy transition 5 Climate change and the green transition: the new geopolitical conundrum 6 EU–Russia energy relations: the case of gas trade 7 EU–Russia energy relations amidst war and the green transition: a paradigm change? 8 Conclusion: the future of European energy policy and EU–Russia energy relations Bibliography Index
£75.00
Edward Elgar Publishing The Elgar Companion to Energy and Sustainability
Book SynopsisThis Companion provides a comprehensive interdisciplinary review of the future of energy, sustainability and societal well-being. It explores energyâs connection to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) using a variety of perspectives from business sustainability, disruptive technologies, law, health and finance.
£205.00
Edward Elgar Publishing Elgar Encyclopedia of Energy Economics
Book Synopsis
£255.88
Edward Elgar Publishing Handbook of Energy Innovation
£280.60
John Wiley & Sons Inc Energy Finance and Economics
Book SynopsisThought leaders and experts offer the most current information and insights into energy finance Energy Finance and Economics offers the most up-to-date information and compelling insights into the finance and economics of energy. With contributions from today''s thought leaders who are experts in various areas of energy finance and economics, the book provides an overview of the energy industry and addresses issues concerning energy finance and economics. The book focuses on a range of topics including corporate finance relevant to the oil and gas industry as well as addressing issues of unconventional, renewable, and alternative energy. A timely compendium of information and insights centering on topics related to energy finance Written by Betty and Russell Simkins, two experts on the topic of the economics of energy Covers special issues related to energy finance such as hybrid cars, energy hedging, and other timely topicsTable of ContentsAcknowledgments xi 1 An Introduction to Energy Finance and Economics 1Betty J. Simkins and Russell E. Simkins Part One An Overview of Energy Finance and Economics 2 Geopolitics and World Energy Markets 19Robert W. Kolb 3 Energy Economics: Past, Present, and Prospects for the Future 49James L. Williams and Betty J. Simkins 4 Sustainable Energy: Myths and Realities 79Olamide O. Shadiya, Jane A. Talkington, John Mowen, Karen High, and Josh L. Wiener 5 A Brief Introduction to the Petroleum Industry: From Crude Oil and Natural Gas to Petrochemicals and Their Products 107Russell E. Simkins and Kenneth A. Borokhovich 6 The Economics of Renewable Energy 129Brad Carson 7 How Our Political Views Affect Our View of Energy Prices 145Sheridan Titman Part Two Financial and Economic Analysis in the Energy Industry 8 Oil and Gas Accounting 151L. Charles Evans III 9 Financial Statement Analysis for Oil and Gas Companies and Competitive Benchmarking 181Siamak Javadi, Betty J. Simkins, and Mary E. Wicker 10 Petroleum Economics, Risk and Opportunity Analysis: Some Practical Perspectives 229David A. Wood 11 Real Options and Applications in the Energy Industry 253Betty J. Simkins and Kris Kemper 12 International Petroleum Fiscal System Design and Analysis 269David Johnston 13 Financing Large Energy Projects 313Stephen V. Arbogast and Praveen Kumar 14 Financing Bio-Fuels Projects: Case Study Lessons 343Stephen V. Arbogast Part Three Energy Risk Management and Related Topics 15 Energy Derivatives and Markets 365Craig Pirrong and Mohsen Mollagholamali 16 Introduction to Energy Risk Management 379Ivilina Popova and Betty J. Simkins 17 Risks in Trading Energy Commodities 411Divya Krishnan 18 Carbon Management and Environmental Issues 425Evgenia Golubeva 19 Hedging and Value in the U.S. Airline Industry 443David A. Carter, Daniel A. Rogers, and Betty J. Simkins Part Four Case Studies 20 PKO Resources, Inc.: Valuing a Producing Oil and Gas Property 467John D. Martin, J. Douglas Ramsey, and Sheridan Titman 21 Financial Analysis of the Purchase of a Hybrid Consumer Vehicle 477Don M. Chance, Pratik Dhar, and Betty J. Simkins 22 ExxonMobil Corp.’s Acquisition of XTO Energy, Inc.: An Exercise in Valuation 491Allissa A. Lee and Betty J. Simkins 23 Southwest Airlines: The Blended Winglet Project 513Aaron Martin, Daniel A. Rogers, and Betty J. Simkins 24 Wind Energy Power Company, Inc. (A): Analyzing a Wind Energy Investment 525John D. Martin, J. Douglas Ramsey, and Sheridan Titman 25 A Case Study on Risk Management: Lessons from the Collapse of Amaranth Advisors LLC 543Ludwig Chincarini Index 579
£90.00
John Wiley & Sons Earth Wars
Book SynopsisA fascinating insight into the global battle for our energy future The global competition for scarce natural resources that pits the West against the super-hot economies of China and India, plus a clutch of other contenders including Russia, Brazil, and Indonesia, has become one of the biggest issues facing the world today.Trade ReviewWritten in clear, jargon-free language, it tells the global resources story in a fresh and engaging way (Flybe, December 2012)Table of ContentsMaps vii Introduction xv Chapter 1 The Four Essentials 1 Food, Water, Energy, Metals Chapter 2 Geographical Flashpoints 19 The Trouble with Lines on a Map Chapter 3 The Key Players 37 Diggers, Drillers, and Dealers Chapter 4 Food and Water 57 Where the Rivers Run Chapter 5 “Going Out” for Energy 73 China and India Stake Their Claims Chapter 6 Old Coal Still Burning Brightly 91 Chapter 7 Going Nuclear in a Post-Fukushima World 105 Chapter 8 New Energy—Clean, Green, and Expensive 123 Chapter 9 Coppery Red, the Colour of Earth’s True Love 139 Chapter 10 Finding Steel’s Essential Ingredients 155 Chapter 11 U.S. Energy 173 Hail to the Shale Chapter 12 Japan after the Deluge 189 Chapter 13 BRACQK (Brazil, Russia, Australia, Canada, Qatar, Kazakhstan) Is the New BRIC 203 Chapter 14 The Up and Comers 229 Turkey, Iran, Indonesia, Mexico Chapter 15 What Happens Next 243 A Host of Global Opportunities Conclusion 257 A World So Changed Bibliography 263 Acknowledgments 269 About the Author 273 Index 275
£25.64
John Wiley & Sons Inc The Economic Competitiveness of Renewable Energy
Book SynopsisProvides a comprehensive picture of today's energy world, describes the potential for energy savings that can be achieved, and analyzes the technology developments which will lead to a 100% renewable energy-powered world The world is at the crossroads of either quickly changing the energy picture towards implementing efficient renewable energy sources or postponing this process by another generation. Based on the author's more than 30 years' industrial experience, this book gives a set of assumptions by extrapolating known technology developments and shows that 100% coverage by renewable technology of global energy needs is much more probable than previously argued. Basic facts using rule of thumb and order-of-magnitude considerations underpin the author's argument. The book shows how energy efficiency technologies will be able to drastically reduce the energy consumption for the same quality of life. The most relevant renewable energy technologies are discussedTable of ContentsForeword xiii Preface xvii Acknowledgements xxiii List of Abbreviations xxv 1 Introduction 1 1.1 The Changing World 1 1.2 Why Another Book on 100% Renewables? 3 2 Analysis of Today’s Energy Situation 7 2.1 Basic Energy Terms 7 2.2 Global Energy Situation 11 2.3 Energy Sectors 13 2.4 Challenges for Fossil Fuels 16 2.5 Problems with Nuclear Energy 29 3 The Importance of Energy Efficiency Measures 33 3.1 Traditional Extrapolation of Future Energy Demands or Alternatively “The Same or with Renewables Even Better Quality of Life with Much Less Energy” 33 3.2 Decrease in End Energy Needs with a “Better Quality of Life” 35 3.3 Today’s Energy Needs with Known Energy Efficiency Measures 41 3.4 Support Mechanisms to Facilitate New Products: Ban The Old or Facilitate The New Ones 42 4 Overview of the Most Important Renewable Energy Technologies 45 4.1 Basics About the Potential of Various Renewable Technologies 45 4.2 Wind Energy 48 4.3 Solar Thermal Collectors and Concentrators 57 4.4 Bioenergy: Biomass and Fuel 66 4.5 Photovoltaics 68 4.6 Other Renewable Technologies 70 5 PV Market Development 77 5.1 Strategic and Consumer Goods in Society and Why Strategic Ones Need Initial Support 77 5.2 PV Applications and History 84 5.3 Historical PV Market Development 88 5.4 Feed-in Tariffs - Sustainable Versus Boom and Bust Market Growth 93 5.5 PV Market Development Towards 2020 101 5.6 Total Budget for Feed-in Tariff Support as Positive Investment for National Economies and Merit Order Effects for Electricity Customers 106 5.7 New Electricity Market Design for Increasing Numbers of Variable Renewable Energy Systems 110 5.8 Developments for the Future Energy Infrastructure 111 6 PV Value Chain and Technology 117 6.1 Basics of Solar Radiation and Conversion in PV Cells 117 6.2 Value Chain for Crystalline Silicon PV Systems 122 6.3 Value Chain for Thin-Film Technologies 134 6.4 Concentrated PV (CPV) and III?V Compound Solar Cells 137 6.5 New Technologies (Dye, OPV, and Novel Concepts) 138 6.6 Other Cost Components for PV Systems 141 6.7 Marimekko Plot for PV Systems and Summary Chart for Cell Efficiencies 142 7 The Astonishing Predictive Power of Price Experience Curves 147 7.1 Basics about Price Experience Curves 147 7.2 Relevant Price Experience Curves Comparable to PV 148 7.3 Lesson Learned from PECs Discussed 151 7.4 Price Experience Curve for PV Modules 152 7.5 Price Experience Curve for DC/AC inverters 159 7.6 Price Experience Curve for Wind Energy and Other Relevant Products for a 100% Renewable World 161 8 Future Technology Development 163 8.1 General Remarks on Future Technology Developments 163 8.2 Photovoltaics 164 8.3 Wind Energy 170 8.4 Solar Thermal 171 8.5 Other Renewables 171 8.6 Other System Components 171 8.7 Importance of the Renewable Energy Portfolio - in Particular Solar and Wind 175 9 Future Energy Projections - The 150 Peta-Watt-hour Challenge 179 9.1 Historical Development 179 9.2 Some Future Projections and Scenarios by Others 180 9.3 Global Energy Scenarios and Market Development of the Major Renewables from the Author’s Point of View 186 10 Likelihood of and Timeline for a World Powered by 100% Renewable Energy 203 10.1 Likelihood of a 100% Renewable World 203 10.2 Global Network or Local Autonomy? 205 10.3 Timeline for a 100% Renewable World 209 11 Conclusion: The 100% Renewable Energy Puzzle 213 References 219 Index 225
£42.70
John Wiley & Sons Inc Managing Energy Risk
Book SynopsisAn overview of today''s energy markets from a multi-commodity perspective As global warming takes center stage in the public and private sectors, new debates on the future of energy markets and electricity generation have emerged around the world. The Second Edition of Managing Energy Risk has been updated to reflect the latest products, approaches, and energy market evolution. A full 30% of the content accounts for changes that have occurred since the publication of the first edition. Practitioners will appreciate this contemporary approach to energy and the comprehensive information on recent market influences. A new chapter is devoted to the growing importance of renewable energy sources, related subsidy schemes and their impact on energy markets. Carbon emissions certificates, post-Fukushima market shifts, and improvements in renewable energy generation are all included. Further, due to the unprecedented growth in shale gas production in recent yearsTable of ContentsPreface xi Acknowledgements xiii 1 Energy Markets 1 1.1 Energy Trading 3 1.1.1 Spot Market 3 1.1.2 Forwards and Futures 4 1.1.3 Commodity Swaps 6 1.1.4 Options 6 1.1.5 Delivery Terms 6 1.2 The Oil Market 7 1.2.1 Consumption, Production and Reserves 7 1.2.2 Crude Oil Trading 10 1.2.3 Refined Oil Products 11 1.3 The Natural Gas Market 12 1.3.1 Consumption, Production and Reserves 13 1.3.2 Natural Gas Trading 15 1.3.3 Liquefied Natural Gas 19 1.4 The Coal Market 21 1.4.1 Consumption, Production and Reserves 21 1.4.2 Coal Trading 23 1.4.3 Freight 26 1.5 The Electricity Market 27 1.5.1 Consumption and Production 27 1.5.2 Electricity Trading 31 1.5.3 Electricity Exchanges 38 1.6 The Emissions Market 42 1.6.1 Kyoto Protocol 42 1.6.2 EU Emissions Trading Scheme 45 1.6.3 Flexible Mechanisms 46 1.6.4 Products and Marketplaces 48 1.6.5 Other Emissions Trading Schemes 51 2 Renewable Energy 55 2.1 The Role of Renewable Energy in Electricity Generation 55 2.1.1 Historical Development 55 2.1.2 Political Targets 58 2.1.3 Forecasts 59 2.2 The Role of Liquid Biofuels in the Transportation Sector 60 2.3 Renewable Energy Technologies 61 2.3.1 Hydropower 61 2.3.2 Wind Power 66 2.3.3 Solar Energy 69 2.3.4 Geothermal Energy 71 2.3.5 Bioenergy 73 2.3.6 Not Widespread Renewable Energies 77 2.4 Support Schemes for Renewable Energy 78 2.4.1 Feed-In Tariffs 80 2.4.2 Net Metering 83 2.4.3 Electric Utility Quota Obligations and Tradable Certificates 83 2.4.4 Auctions 85 2.4.5 Subsidies, Investment Grants and Tax Benefits 86 2.5 Key Economic Factors of Renewable Energy Projects 87 2.5.1 The Project Developer’s Perspective 87 2.5.2 The Project Investor’s Perspective 88 2.6 Risks in Renewable Energy Projects and their Mitigation 90 2.6.1 Project Development Risks 90 2.6.2 Construction Risks 93 2.6.3 Resource Risks 93 2.6.4 Technical Risks 96 2.6.5 Market Risks 97 2.6.6 Regulatory Risks 99 2.6.7 Other Operational Risks 100 3 Risk Management 101 3.1 Governance Principles and Market Regulation 102 3.2 Market Risk 104 3.2.1 Delta Position 104 3.2.2 Variance Minimising Hedging 110 3.2.3 Value-at-Risk 111 3.2.4 Estimating Volatilities and Correlations 120 3.2.5 Backtesting 123 3.2.6 Liquidity-Adjusted Value-at-Risk 123 3.2.7 Profit-at-Risk and Further Risk Measures 127 3.3 Legal Risk 130 3.4 Credit Risk 134 3.4.1 Credit Rating 137 3.4.2 Quantifying Credit Risk 140 3.5 Liquidity Risk 144 3.6 Operational Risk 146 4 Retail Markets 151 4.1 Interaction of Wholesale and Retail Markets 151 4.2 Retail Products 155 4.2.1 Fixed-Price Contracts 155 4.2.2 Indexed Contracts 156 4.2.3 Full Service Contracts 157 4.2.4 Partial Delivery Contracts 157 4.2.5 Portfolio Management 158 4.2.6 Supplementary Products 159 4.3 Sourcing 160 4.3.1 Sourcing Fixed-Price Contracts 160 4.3.2 Sourcing Indexed Contracts 161 4.3.3 Sourcing B2C Contracts 162 4.4 Load Forecasting 163 4.5 Weather Risk in Gas Retail Markets 165 4.5.1 Weather Derivatives 168 4.6 Risk Premiums 172 4.6.1 Risk-Adjusted Return on Capital 174 4.6.2 Price Validity Period 174 4.6.3 Structuring Fee and Balancing Energy 175 4.6.4 Credit Risk 176 4.6.5 Volume and Price Profile Risk 177 4.6.6 Operational Risk 181 4.6.7 Risk Premium Summary 182 5 Energy Derivatives 185 5.1 Forwards, Futures and Swaps 186 5.1.1 Forward Contracts 186 5.1.2 Futures Contracts 189 5.1.3 Swaps 191 5.2 Commodity Forward Curves 192 5.2.1 Investment Assets 194 5.2.2 Consumption Assets and Convenience Yield 194 5.2.3 The Market Price of Risk 196 5.3 “Plain Vanilla” Options 197 5.3.1 The Put–Call Parity and Option Strategies 198 5.3.2 Black’s Futures Price Model 200 5.3.3 Option Pricing Formulas 200 5.3.4 Hedging Options: The “Greeks” 202 5.3.5 Implied Volatilities and the “Volatility Smile” 208 5.3.6 Swaptions 210 5.4 American, Bermudan and Asian Options 212 5.4.1 American and Bermudan Options 212 5.4.2 Asian Options 213 5.5 Multi-Underlying Options 216 5.5.1 Basket Options 216 5.5.2 Spread Options 218 5.5.3 Quanto and Composite Options 221 5.6 Modelling Spot Prices 224 5.6.1 Pricing Spot Price Options 226 5.6.2 Geometric Brownian Motion as Spot Price Model 231 5.6.3 The One-Factor Schwartz Model 237 5.6.4 The Schwartz–Smith Model 241 5.7 Stochastic Forward Curve Models 246 5.7.1 One-Factor Forward Curve Models 247 5.7.2 A Two-Factor Forward Curve Model 249 5.7.3 A Multi-Factor Exponential Model 251 6 Stochastic Models for Electricity and Gas 253 6.1 Daily and Hourly Forward Curve Models 253 6.1.1 Daily Price Forward Curve for Gas 255 6.1.2 Hourly Price Forward Curve for Electricity 257 6.2 Structural Electricity Price Models 265 6.2.1 The SMaPS Model 266 6.2.2 The Multi-Commodity SMaPS model 269 6.2.3 Regime-Switching Models 272 6.2.4 Virtual Power Plants 278 6.3 Structural Gas Price Models 281 6.3.1 Natural Gas Price Models 281 6.3.2 Swing Options and Gas Storage 286 6.3.3 Least-Squares Monte Carlo Method 291 7 Fundamental Market Models 301 7.1 Fundamental Price Drivers in Electricity Markets 301 7.1.1 Demand Side 302 7.1.2 Supply Side 306 7.1.3 Interconnections 313 7.2 Economic Power Plant Dispatch 313 7.2.1 Thermal Power Plants 315 7.2.2 Hydropower Plants 322 7.2.3 Optimisation Methods 325 7.3 Methodological Approaches 335 7.3.1 Merit Order Curve 335 7.3.2 Optimisation Models 347 7.3.3 System Dynamics 353 7.3.4 Game Theory 357 7.4 Relevant System Information for Electricity Market Modelling 366 7.4.1 Demand Side 366 7.4.2 Supply Side 367 7.4.3 Transmission System 370 7.4.4 Historical Data for Backtesting 371 7.4.5 Information Sources 371 7.5 Application of Electricity Market Models 372 7.6 Gas Market Models 374 7.6.1 Demand Side 375 7.6.2 Supply Side 376 7.6.3 Transport 379 7.6.4 Storage 379 7.6.5 Portfolio Optimisation 382 7.6.6 Formulation of the Market Model 383 7.6.7 Application of Gas Market Models 385 7.7 Market Models for Oil, Coal and CO2 Markets 386 7.8 Asset Investment Decisions 387 7.8.1 The Discounted Cashflow Method 387 7.8.2 Weighted Average Cost of Capital 389 7.8.3 The Capital Asset Pricing Model 390 Appendix: Mathematical Background 393 A.1 Econometric Methods 393 A.1.1 Linear Regression 393 A.1.2 Stationary Time Series and Unit Root Tests 395 A.1.3 Principal Component Analysis 397 A.1.4 Kalman Filtering Method 398 A.1.5 Regime-Switching Models 399 A.2 Stochastic Processes 402 A.2.1 Conditional Expectation and Martingales 402 A.2.2 Brownian Motion 402 A.2.3 Stochastic Integration and Itô’s Lemma 403 A.3 Option Pricing Theory 405 A.3.1 Pricing Under the Risk-Neutral Measure 405 A.3.2 The Feynman–Kac Theorem 408 A.3.3 Monte Carlo Simulation 410 References 413 Index 419
£84.55
John Wiley & Sons Inc Electric Power and Energy in China
Book SynopsisThe acute energy problems facing China today are characterized by their own histories and realities. Some have come about because of China's energy endowment and stage of development, while others have been created by a combination of domestic and global factors.Trade ReviewPraise for Electric Power and Energy in China: “The Broad Energy Outlook approach tries to place the complex Chinese energy problem in a multi-angled and global prospective so that China will stop struggling within its narrowly defined and inward-looking supply-demand rigidity on energy. Overall, I find Electric Power and Energy in China an excellent book with significant academic value. It provides an essential reference for academics, policy makers and students who have a strong interest in China’s economy and energy development. The data included in this book and Liu’s personal experiences and expertise as chairman of China’s, and indeed the world’s, largest electricity distribution company are highly informative and valuable for both insiders and outsiders of the Chinese energy and electricity industries.” – Shujie Yao, Head of School of Contemporary Chinese Studies, Professor of Economics and Chinese Sustainable Development, University of Nottingham “Zhenya Liu’s Electric Power and Energy in China points out that the main challenges in China today are in meeting the growing energy demand of a large population in a fast growing, emerging economy. The current main source of energy supply in the country is coal, however, all technologies are needed to secure an adequate supply of energy. Accordingly, Liu does not focus on one technology; he provides an overview of Chinese perspectives on all available options. Electric Power and Energy in China gives an interesting insight into the Chinese energy challenge and the energy system – not from an outsider’s perspective but from the core. As head of China’s Energy Commission, Zhenya Liu knows what he is writing about. The book is valuable not only from an energy economics perspective but also because it gives a comprehensive overview of the Chinese energy system and its economic policies.” – Dr. Hubertus Bardt, Cologne Institute for Economic ResearchTable of ContentsAbout the Author xi Preface xiii 1 Energy: An Overview 1 1.1 An Overview of the World’s Energy Situation 1 1.1.1 The Global Energy Situation 1 1.1.2 Characteristics of the Global Energy Situation 8 1.2 An Overview of China’s Energy Situation 17 1.2.1 Energy Endowment 17 1.2.2 Energy Production 19 1.2.3 Energy Consumption 23 1.2.4 International Energy Cooperation 26 1.3 Major Energy Problems that China Faces 28 1.3.1 The Problem of Sustained Supply 28 1.3.2 The Problem of Transport and Allocation 35 1.3.3 The Quality Problem of Development 37 1.4 Causes that Affect China’s Energy Development 41 1.4.1 The Economic Development Model 41 1.4.2 The Energy Development Model 42 1.4.3 The Global Competitive Environment 43 2 Strategic Thinking on Energy 45 2.1 Basic Thinking Behind the Energy Solution 45 2.1.1 Complexity of the Energy Problem 45 2.1.2 Grand Energy Vision 47 2.1.3 Solutions to the Energy Problems 47 2.2 The Way to Change the Mode of Energy Development 51 2.2.1 Transformation Phase of China’s Energy Strategy 52 2.2.2 The Way to Change the Mode of Energy Development 55 2.3 The Central Link in the Energy Strategy 58 2.3.1 The Position of Electricity in the Energy Strategy 59 2.3.2 The Significance of an Electricity-centred Energy Strategy 60 2.4 The ‘One Ultra Four Large’ (1U4L) Strategy 65 2.4.1 The Core Mission of Electric Power Development 66 2.4.2 The Need to Implement the 1U4L Strategy 66 2.4.3 The Key to Implementing the 1U4L Strategy 69 3 Energy Exploration and Utilisation 73 3.1 General Thinking Behind Energy Exploration and Utilisation 73 3.1.1 Main Problems in Energy Exploration and Utilisation 73 3.1.2 Principles of Energy Exploration and Utilisation 76 3.1.3 Focus of Energy Exploration and Utilisation 77 3.2 The Exploitation and Utilisation of Coal Resources 79 3.2.1 Coordinated Planning of the Exploitation and Utilisation of Coal Resources 79 3.2.2 Construction of Large Coal-fired Power Bases in the West and North 81 3.2.3 The Clean and Integrated Utilisation of Coal 89 3.2.4 Scientifically Developing the Coal Chemical Industry 93 3.3 The Exploitation and Utilisation of Hydropower Resources 94 3.3.1 Construction of Large-scale Hydropower Bases 94 3.3.2 Development of Small Hydropower 99 3.3.3 Planning and Construction of Pumped Storage Power Plants 100 3.3.4 Environmental Protection and Migrant Relocation 102 3.4 The Exploitation and Utilisation of Nuclear Power 104 3.4.1 Construction of Large-scale Nuclear Power Base 104 3.4.2 Advancement of Nuclear Power Technology 105 3.4.3 Building up a Nuclear Energy Safety System 106 3.4.4 Supply of Nuclear Fuel 107 3.5 The Exploitation and Utilisation of New and Renewable Energies 108 3.5.1 Building Large-scale Renewable Energy Power Bases 109 3.5.2 Various Forms of Renewable Energy Development 117 3.5.3 Distributed Energy Development 119 3.5.4 Exploitation and Utilisation of New Energy 122 3.6 The Exploitation and Utilisation of Oil and Gas 125 3.6.1 Exploration and Development of Oil Resources 126 3.6.2 Exploitation and Utilisation of Natural Gas Resources 128 3.7 The Exploitation and Utilisation of Overseas Energy Resources 131 3.7.1 Development and Import of Overseas Oil and Gas Resources 131 3.7.2 Import of Overseas Coal and Electricity 135 4 Energy Transport and Allocation 137 4.1 Modern Comprehensive Energy Transport System 137 4.1.1 The Significance of Establishing a Modern Comprehensive Energy Transport System 139 4.1.2 The Guiding Principles for Developing a Modern Comprehensive Transport System for Energy 141 4.2 Optimisation of the Modes of Coal Transport 143 4.2.1 The Present Situation of Coal Transport 144 4.2.2 The Future Coal Transport Patterns 150 4.2.3 Equal Emphasis on Coal Transport and Power Transmission 151 4.3 Strong and Smart Grid Development 159 4.3.1 Overview of Power Grid Development 159 4.3.2 The Future Landscape of Power Flows 164 4.3.3 The Thinking Behind SSG Development 167 4.3.4 Development of UHV Grids and Grids of All Levels 170 4.3.5 R&D and Application of Grid Technology 183 4.4 Construction of UHV Synchronous Grids in Northern, Eastern and Central China 186 4.4.1 Development of Large Synchronous Grids in Overseas Countries 187 4.4.2 The Necessity of Building UHV Synchronous Power Grids in Northern, Eastern and Central China 189 4.4.3 Safety of UHV Synchronous Grids in Northern, Eastern and Central China 190 4.5 Smart Grid Development 192 4.5.1 The Essence and Features of Smart Grids 193 4.5.2 Strategic Significance of Smart Grids 193 4.5.3 The Priorities and Practices of Smart Grid Development 195 4.5.4 The Development Principles of Smart Grids 204 4.6 Oil and Gas Pipeline Networks 206 4.6.1 Present Situation of Oil and Gas Pipeline Networks 206 4.6.2 The Main Problems of Oil and Gas Pipeline Networks 208 4.6.3 The Basic Thinking Behind the Development of Oil and Gas Pipeline Networks 210 5 Terminal Energy Consumption 213 5.1 Model of Green Energy Consumption 213 5.1.1 Challenges for Energy Consumption 213 5.1.2 Establishment of a Green Energy Consumption Model 215 5.2 Energy Conservation as a Strategic Priority 217 5.2.1 Thinking behind Energy Conservation as a Strategic Priority 218 5.2.2 Focus Areas of Energy Conservation as Strategic Priority 219 5.2.3 Implementing Measures to Ensure Strategic Priority of Energy Efficiency 225 5.3 Electrification in Socioeconomic Development 228 5.3.1 Substitution of Electric Energy in Terminal Energy Consumption 228 5.3.2 Electrification in the Industrial Sector 231 5.3.3 Electrification in the Transport Sector 232 5.3.4 Electrification for Businesses and Urban Population 233 5.3.5 Rural Electrification 235 5.4 Development of Electric Vehicles 236 5.4.1 Important Implications of Electric Vehicle Development 237 5.4.2 Key Areas of Electric Vehicle Development 238 5.4.3 EV Energy Supply Model 241 5.4.4 Policies Supporting the Development of Electric Vehicles 244 6 Energy Market 247 6.1 Overview and Development Ideas in Respect of the Energy Market 247 6.1.1 Overview of Energy Market Development 248 6.1.2 Basic Thinking Behind Energy Marketisation 250 6.2 The Building of Coal Market 251 6.2.1 Management of Coal Market Order 251 6.2.2 Coal Market Trading 254 6.2.3 Regulation of the Coal Market 255 6.3 Establishment of an Electricity Market 257 6.3.1 Reform of International Electricity Market 258 6.3.2 The Principles for China’s Electricity Market Reform 261 6.3.3 Ideas on Building an Electricity Market System in China 263 6.3.4 The Tariff System and Building of Tariff Pricing Mechanism 267 6.4 Development of Pricing Mechanism for Oil and Gas 274 6.4.1 Reform of Pricing Mechanism for Refined Products 274 6.4.2 Natural Gas Pricing Reform 276 6.4.3 The Bargaining Power in International Oil and Gas Pricing 280 6.5 Regulation of Energy Markets 282 6.5.1 Building a Big Energy Regulatory Framework 282 6.5.2 The Thinking Behind Energy Market Regulation 285 6.5.3 Building Support System for Energy Market 287 7 Energy Early Warning and Emergency Response 289 7.1 Importance of Building Capacity for Energy Early Warning and Emergency Response 289 7.1.1 Risks Posed to Energy Security 289 7.1.2 Significance of Strengthening the Building of Energy Early Warning and Emergency Response 293 7.2 Energy Early Warning Mechanism 294 7.2.1 Focus of Energy Early Warning 295 7.2.2 Organisational Structure and Management System of Energy Early Warning 300 7.3 Energy Emergency Response System 302 7.3.1 Organisational and Management Structure of Energy Emergency Response 302 7.3.2 Emergency Response Programmes for Energy Emergencies 302 7.3.3 Supplies Reserves for Energy Emergency Response 303 7.3.4 Energy Emergency Response Publicity Campaign and Emergency Drills 305 7.3.5 Scientific Management of Energy Emergency Response 307 7.4 Energy Reserves 310 7.4.1 Present Situation of Energy Reserves in China 310 7.4.2 Experience in International Energy Reserves 312 7.4.3 The Thinking Behind Building Energy Reserves in China 314 8 Innovation in Energy Technology 321 8.1 The Situation of Energy Technology Innovation 321 8.1.1 Technology Innovations in International Energy Sector 321 8.1.2 The Situation of Energy Technology Innovation in China 324 8.2 Principles and Focuses of Energy Technology Innovation 327 8.2.1 The Fundamental Principle of Energy Technology Innovation 328 8.2.2 Focus Areas of Energy Technology Innovation 329 8.2.3 The Goal of Energy Technology Innovation 333 8.3 Development of System for Energy Technology Innovation 334 8.3.1 Integration of Resources of Energy Technology Innovation 334 8.3.2 Development of Mechanism for Energy Technology Innovation 335 8.3.3 Building Talent Team in Energy Technology Innovation 337 8.3.4 Innovation Strategy for Energy Technology 338 9 Ensuring Energy Sustainability 341 9.1 Energy Laws, Regulations and Policies 341 9.1.1 Establishment of a Legal Regime for Energy 341 9.1.2 Policy Guidance and Assurance 345 9.2 Establishment of an Energy Standards System 350 9.2.1 The Significance of Establishing an Energy Standards System 350 9.2.2 Formulation of Energy Standards 352 9.2.3 Bargaining Power over Development of International Energy Standards 354 9.3 Large Energy Groups 355 9.3.1 Significance of Developing Large Energy Groups 356 9.3.2 Supporting the Development of Large Energy Groups 361 9.3.3 Market Position of Large Energy Groups 366 9.3.4 Social Responsibilities of Large Energy Groups 368 References 371 Postscript 375 Index 379
£64.76
John Wiley & Sons Inc The Economics of Electricity Markets
Book SynopsisBridging the knowledge gap between engineering and economics in a complex and evolving deregulated electricity industry, enabling readers to understand, operate, plan and design a modern power system, this book covers the basic modelling of electricity markets, including the impact of uncertainty. It draws out the parallels to the Nordpool market.Table of ContentsPreface xv Nomenclature xvii PART I INTRODUCTION TO ECONOMIC CONCEPTS 1 1 Introduction to Micro-economics 3 1.1 Economic Objectives 3 1.2 Introduction to Constrained Optimisation 5 1.3 Demand and Consumers’ Surplus 6 1.3.1 The Short-Run Decision of the Customer 7 1.3.2 The Value or Utility Function 7 1.3.3 The Demand Curve for a Price-Taking Customer Facing a Simple Price 7 1.4 Supply and Producers’ Surplus 10 1.4.1 The Cost Function 11 1.4.2 The Supply Curve for a Price-Taking Firm Facing a Simple Price 11 1.5 Achieving Optimal Short-Run Outcomes Using Competitive Markets 14 1.5.1 The Short-Run Welfare Maximum 14 1.5.2 An Autonomous Market Process 15 1.6 Smart Markets 17 1.6.1 Smart Markets and Generic Constraints 17 1.6.2 A Smart Market Process 18 1.7 Longer-Run Decisions by Producers and Consumers 20 1.7.1 Investment in Productive Capacity 20 1.8 Monopoly 22 1.8.1 The Dominant Firm – Competitive Fringe Structure 24 1.8.2 Monopoly and Price Regulation 25 1.9 Oligopoly 26 1.9.1 Cournot Oligopoly 27 1.9.2 Repeated Games 27 1.10 Summary 28 Questions 29 Further Reading 30 PART II INTRODUCTION TO ELECTRICITY NETWORKS AND ELECTRICITY MARKETS 31 2 Introduction to Electric Power Systems 33 2.1 DC Circuit Concepts 33 2.1.1 Energy, Watts and Power 34 2.1.2 Losses 35 2.2 AC Circuit Concepts 36 2.3 Reactive Power 38 2.3.1 Mathematics of Reactive Power 40 2.3.2 Control of Reactive Power 42 2.3.3 Ohm’s Law on AC Circuits 43 2.3.4 Three-Phase Power 44 2.4 The Elements of an Electric Power System 45 2.5 Electricity Generation 46 2.5.1 The Key Characteristics of Electricity Generators 49 2.6 Electricity Transmission and Distribution Networks 52 2.6.1 Transmission Networks 54 2.6.2 Distribution Networks 57 2.6.3 Competition and Regulation 59 2.7 Physical Limits on Networks 60 2.7.1 Thermal Limits 61 2.7.2 Voltage Stability Limits 64 2.7.3 Dynamic and Transient Stability Limits 64 2.8 Electricity Consumption 66 2.9 Does it Make Sense to Distinguish Electricity Producers and Consumers? 67 2.9.1 The Service Provided by the Electric Power Industry 69 2.10 Summary 70 Questions 71 Further Reading 72 3 Electricity Industry Market Structure and Competition 73 3.1 Tasks Performed in an Efficient Electricity Industry 73 3.1.1 Short-Term Tasks 73 3.1.2 Risk-Management Tasks 75 3.1.3 Long-Term Tasks 75 3.2 Electricity Industry Reforms 76 3.2.1 Market-Orientated Reforms of the Late Twentieth Century 77 3.3 Approaches to Reform of the Electricity Industry 79 3.4 Other Key Roles in a Market-Orientated Electric Power System 81 3.5 An Overview of Liberalised Electricity Markets 82 3.6 An Overview of the Australian National Electricity Market 85 3.6.1 Assessment of the NEM 87 3.7 The Pros and Cons of Electricity Market Reform 88 3.8 Summary 89 Questions 90 Further Reading 90 PART III OPTIMAL DISPATCH: THE EFFICIENT USE OF GENERATION, CONSUMPTION AND NETWORK RESOURCES 91 4 Efficient Short-Term Operation of an Electricity Industry with no Network Constraints 93 4.1 The Cost of Generation 93 4.2 Simple Stylised Representation of a Generator 96 4.3 Optimal Dispatch of Generation with Inelastic Demand 97 4.3.1 Optimal Least Cost Dispatch of Generation Resources 98 4.3.2 Least Cost Dispatch for Generators with Constant Variable Cost 99 4.3.3 Example 101 4.4 Optimal Dispatch of Both Generation and Load Assets 102 4.5 Symmetry in the Treatment of Generation and Load 104 4.5.1 Symmetry Between Buyer-Owned Generators and Stand-Alone Generators 104 4.5.2 Symmetry Between Total Surplus Maximisation and Generation Cost Minimisation 105 4.6 The Benefit Function 105 4.7 Nonconvexities in Production: Minimum Operating Levels 106 4.8 Efficient Dispatch of Energy-Limited Resources 108 4.8.1 Example 109 4.9 Efficient Dispatch in the Presence of Ramp-Rate Constraints 110 4.9.1 Example 111 4.10 Startup Costs and the Unit-Commitment Decision 113 4.11 Summary 115 Questions 116 Further Reading 117 5 Achieving Efficient Use of Generation and Load Resources using a Market Mechanism in an Industry with no Network Constraints 119 5.1 Decentralisation, Competition and Market Mechanisms 119 5.2 Achieving Optimal Dispatch Through Competitive Bidding 121 5.3 Variation in Wholesale Market Design 123 5.3.1 Compulsory Gross Pool or Net Pool? 124 5.3.2 Single Price or Pay-as-Bid? 125 5.4 Day-Ahead Versus Real-Time Markets 126 5.4.1 Improving the Quality of Short-Term Price Forecasts 127 5.4.2 Reducing the Exercise of Market Power 129 5.5 Price Controls and Rationing 129 5.5.1 Inadequate Metering and Involuntary Load Shedding 131 5.6 Time-Varying Demand, the Load-Duration Curve and the Price-Duration Curve 133 5.7 Summary 135 Questions 137 Further Reading 137 6 Representing Network Constraints 139 6.1 Representing Networks Mathematically 139 6.2 Net Injections, Power Flows and the DC Load Flow Model 141 6.2.1 The DC Load Flow Model 144 6.3 The Matrix of Power Transfer Distribution Factors 145 6.3.1 Converting between Reference Nodes 146 6.4 Distribution Factors for Radial Networks 146 6.5 Constraint Equations and the Set of Feasible Injections 147 6.6 Summary 151 Questions 152 7 Efficient Dispatch of Generation and Consumption Resources in the Presence of Network Congestion 153 7.1 Optimal Dispatch with Network Constraints 153 7.1.1 Achieving Optimal Dispatch Using a Smart Market 155 7.2 Optimal Dispatch in a Radial Network 156 7.3 Optimal Dispatch in a Two-Node Network 157 7.4 Optimal Dispatch in a Three-Node Meshed Network 159 7.5 Optimal Dispatch in a Four-Node Network 161 7.6 Properties of Nodal Prices with a Single Binding Constraint 162 7.7 How Many Independent Nodal Prices Exist? 163 7.8 The Merchandising Surplus, Settlement Residues and the Congestion Rents 163 7.8.1 Merchandising Surplus and Congestion Rents 163 7.8.2 Settlement Residues 164 7.8.3 Merchandising Surplus in a Three-Node Network 165 7.9 Network Losses 166 7.9.1 Losses, Settlement Residues and Merchandising Surplus 167 7.9.2 Losses and Optimal Dispatch 168 7.10 Summary 169 Questions 170 Further Reading 170 8 Efficient Network Operation 171 8.1 Efficient Operation of DC Interconnectors 171 8.1.1 Entrepreneurial DC Network Operation 173 8.2 Optimal Network Switching 173 8.2.1 Network Switching and Network Contingencies 174 8.2.2 A Worked Example 174 8.2.3 Entrepreneurial Network Switching? 176 8.3 Summary 177 Questions 178 Further Reading 178 PART IV EFFICIENT INVESTMENT IN GENERATION AND CONSUMPTION ASSETS 179 9 Efficient Investment in Generation and Consumption Assets 181 9.1 The Optimal Generation Investment Problem 181 9.2 The Optimal Level of Generation Capacity with Downward Sloping Demand 183 9.2.1 The Case of Inelastic Demand 185 9.3 The Optimal Mix of Generation Capacity with Downward Sloping Demand 186 9.4 The Optimal Mix of Generation with Inelastic Demand 189 9.5 Screening Curve Analysis 191 9.5.1 Using Screening Curves to Assess the Impact of Increased Renewable Penetration 192 9.5.2 Generation Investment in the Presence of Network Constraints 193 9.6 Buyer-Side Investment 193 9.7 Summary 195 Questions 196 Further Reading 197 10 Market-Based Investment in Electricity Generation 199 10.1 Decentralised Generation Investment Decisions 199 10.2 Can We Trust Competitive Markets to Deliver an Efficient Level of Investment in Generation? 201 10.2.1 Episodes of High Prices as an Essential Part of an Energy-Only Market 201 10.2.2 The ‘Missing Money’ Problem 202 10.2.3 Energy-Only Markets and the Investment Boom–Bust Cycle 203 10.3 Price Caps, Reserve Margins and Capacity Payments 203 10.3.1 Reserve Requirements 204 10.3.2 Capacity Markets 205 10.4 Time-Averaging of Network Charges and Generation Investment 206 10.5 Summary 207 Questions 207 PART V HANDLING CONTINGENCIES: EFFICIENT DISPATCH IN THE VERY SHORT RUN 209 11 Efficient Operation of the Power System in the Very Short-Run 211 11.1 Introduction to Contingencies 211 11.2 Efficient Handling of Contingencies 212 11.3 Preventive and Corrective Actions 213 11.4 Satisfactory and Secure Operating States 215 11.5 Optimal Dispatch in the Very Short Run 216 11.6 Operating the Power System Ex Ante as though Certain Contingencies have Already Happened 218 11.7 Examples of Optimal Short-Run Dispatch 219 11.7.1 A Second Example, Ignoring Network Constraints 221 11.7.2 A Further Example with Network Constraints 222 11.8 Optimal Short-Run Dispatch Using a Competitive Market 223 11.8.1 A Simple Example 224 11.8.2 Optimal Short-Run Dispatch through Prices 227 11.8.3 Investment Incentives 228 11.9 Summary 229 Questions 230 Further Reading 230 12 Frequency-Based Dispatch of Balancing Services 231 12.1 The Intradispatch Interval Dispatch Mechanism 231 12.2 Frequency-Based Dispatch of Balancing Services 232 12.3 Implications of Ignoring Network Constraints when Handling Contingencies 233 12.3.1 The Feasible Set of Injections with a Frequency-Based IDIDM 235 12.4 Procurement of Frequency-Based Balancing Services 238 12.4.1 The Volume of Frequency Control Balancing Services Required 238 12.4.2 Procurement of Balancing Services 239 12.4.3 Allocating the Costs of Balancing Services 240 12.5 Summary 241 Questions 242 Further Reading 242 PART VI MANAGING RISK 243 13 Managing Intertemporal Price Risks 245 13.1 Introduction to Forward Markets and Standard Hedge Contracts 245 13.1.1 Instruments for Managing Risk: Swaps, Caps, Collars and Floors 246 13.1.2 Swaps 246 13.1.3 Caps 247 13.1.4 Floors 248 13.1.5 Collars (and Related Instruments) 249 13.2 The Construction of a Perfect Hedge: The Theory 249 13.2.1 The Design of a Perfect Hedge 250 13.3 The Construction of a Perfect Hedge: Specific Cases 252 13.3.1 Hedging by a Generator with no Cost Uncertainty 252 13.3.2 Hedging Cost-Shifting Risks 254 13.4 Hedging by Customers 256 13.4.1 Hedging by a Customer with a Constant Utility Function 257 13.4.2 Hedging Utility-Shifting Risks 258 13.5 The Role of the Trader 259 13.5.1 Risks Facing Individual Traders 261 13.6 Intertemporal Hedging and Generation Investment 263 13.7 Summary 264 Questions 265 14 Managing Interlocational Price Risk 267 14.1 The Role of the Merchandising Surplus in Facilitating Interlocational Hedging 267 14.1.1 Packaging the Merchandising Surplus in a Way that Facilitates Hedging 269 14.2 Interlocational Transmission Rights: CapFTRs 269 14.3 Interlocational Transmission Rights: Fixed-Volume FTRs 271 14.3.1 Revenue Adequacy 271 14.3.2 Are Fixed-Volume FTRs a Useful Hedging Instrument? 273 14.4 Interlocational Hedging and Transmission Investment 273 14.4.1 Infinitesimal Investment in Network Capacity 274 14.4.2 Lumpy Investment in Network Capacity 274 14.5 Summary 276 Questions 277 Further Reading 277 PART VII MARKET POWER 279 15 Market Power in Electricity Markets 281 15.1 An Introduction to Market Power in Electricity Markets 281 15.1.1 Definition of Market Power 281 15.1.2 Market Power in Electricity Markets 282 15.2 How Do Generators Exercise Market Power? Theory 284 15.2.1 The Price–Volume Trade-Off 284 15.2.2 The Profit-Maximising Choice of Rate of Production for a Generator with Market Power 286 15.2.3 The Profit-Maximising Offer Curve 287 15.3 How do Generators Exercise Market Power? Practice 289 15.3.1 Economic and Physical Withholding 289 15.3.2 Pricing Up and the Marginal Generator 291 15.4 The Incentive to Exercise Market Power: The Importance of the Residual Demand Curve 292 15.4.1 The Shape of the Residual Demand Curve 293 15.4.2 The Importance of Peak Versus Off-Peak for the Exercise of Market Power 293 15.4.3 Other Influences on the Shape of the Residual Demand Curve 295 15.5 The Incentive to Exercise Market Power: The Impact of the Hedge Position of a Generator 295 15.5.1 Short-Term Versus Long-Term Hedge Products and the Exercise of Market Power 297 15.5.2 Hedge Contracts and Market Power 297 15.6 The Exercise of Market Power by Loads and Vertical Integration 298 15.6.1 Vertical Integration 299 15.7 Is the Exercise of Market Power Necessary to Stimulate Generation Investment? 300 15.8 The Consequences of the Exercise of Market Power 301 15.8.1 Short-Run Efficiency Impacts of Market Power 301 15.8.2 Longer-Run Efficiency Impacts of Market Power 302 15.8.3 A Worked Example 302 15.9 Summary 304 Questions 306 Further Reading 306 16 Market Power and Network Congestion 307 16.1 The Exercise of Market Power by a Single Generator in a Radial Network 307 16.1.1 The Exercise of Market Power by a Single Generator in a Radial Network: The Theory 308 16.2 The Exercise of Market Power by a Single Generator in a Meshed Network 311 16.3 The Exercise of Market Power by a Portfolio of Generators 313 16.4 The Effect of Transmission Rights on Market Power 314 16.5 Summary 315 Questions 315 Further Reading 315 17 Detecting, Modelling and Mitigating Market Power 317 17.1 Approaches to Assessing Market Power 317 17.2 Detecting the Exercise of Market Power Through the Examination of Market Outcomes in the Past 318 17.2.1 Quantity-Withdrawal Studies 319 17.2.2 Price–Cost Margin Studies 321 17.3 Simple Indicators of Market Power 322 17.3.1 Market-Share-Based Measures and the HHI 322 17.3.2 The PSI and RSI Indicators 324 17.3.3 Variants of the PSI and RSI Indicators 326 17.3.4 Measuring the Elasticity of Residual Demand 328 17.4 Modelling of Market Power 330 17.4.1 Modelling of Market Power in Practice 331 17.4.2 Linearisation 332 17.5 Policies to Reduce Market Power 332 17.6 Summary 333 Questions 334 Further Reading 334 PART VIII NETWORK REGULATION AND INVESTMENT 335 18 Efficient Investment in Network Assets 337 18.1 Efficient AC Network Investment 337 18.2 Financial Implications of Network Investment 338 18.2.1 The Two-Node Graphical Representation 339 18.2.2 Financial Indicators of the Benefit of Network Expansion 341 18.3 Efficient Investment in a Radial Network 342 18.4 Efficient Investment in a Two-Node Network 344 18.4.1 Example 345 18.5 Coordination of Generation and Network Investment in Practice 348 18.6 Summary 350 Questions 351 Further Reading 351 PART IX CONTEMPORARY ISSUES 353 19 Regional Pricing and Its Problems 355 19.1 An Introduction to Regional Pricing 355 19.2 Regional Pricing Without Constrained-on and Constrained-off Payments 357 19.2.1 Short-Run Effects of Regional Pricing in a Simple Network 360 19.2.2 Effects of Regional Pricing on the Balance Sheet of the System Operator 361 19.2.3 Long-Run Effects of Regional Pricing on Investment 363 19.3 Regional Pricing with Constrained-on and Constrained-off Payments 364 19.4 Nodal Pricing for Generators/Regional Pricing for Consumers 367 19.4.1 Side Deals and Net Metering 367 19.5 Summary 369 Questions 370 Further Reading 370 20 The Smart Grid and Efficient Pricing of Distribution Networks 371 20.1 Efficient Pricing of Distribution Networks 371 20.1.1 The Smart Grid and Distribution Pricing 373 20.2 Decentralisation of the Dispatch Task 374 20.2.1 Decentralisation in Theory 374 20.3 Retail Tariff Structures and the Incentive to Misrepresent Local Production and Consumption 377 20.3.1 Incentives for Net Metering and the Effective Price 378 20.4 Incentives for Investment in Controllable Embedded Generation 380 20.4.1 Incentives for Investment in Intermittent Solar PV Embedded Generation 384 20.4.2 Retail Tariff Structures and the Death Spiral 385 20.4.3 An Illustration of the Death Spiral 386 20.5 Retail Tariff Structures 388 20.5.1 Retail Tariff Debates 389 20.6 Declining Demand for Network Services and Increasing Returns to Scale 390 20.7 Summary 393 Questions 395 References 397 Index 399
£82.76
John Wiley & Sons Inc Environmental Assessment on Energy and
Book SynopsisIntroduces a bold, new model for energy industry pollution prevention and sustainable growth Balancing industrial pollution prevention with economic growth is one of the knottiest problems faced by industry today. This book introduces a novel approach to using data envelopment analysis (DEA) as a powerful tool for achieving that balance in the energy industriesthe world's largest producers of greenhouse gases. It describes a rigorous framework that integrates elements of the social sciences, corporate strategy, regional economics, energy economics, and environmental policy, and delivers a methodology and a set of strategies for promoting green innovation while solving key managerial challenges to greenhouse gas reduction and business growth. In writing this book the authors have drawn upon their pioneering work and considerable experience in the field to develop an unconventional, holistic approach to using DEA to assess key aspects of sustainability developmentTable of ContentsPREFACE xv SECTION I DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS (DEA) 1 1 General Description 3 1.1 Introduction 3 1.2 Structure 4 1.3 Contributions in Sections I and II 10 1.4 Abbreviations and Nomenclature 13 1.4.1 Abbreviations Used in This Book 13 1.4.2 Nomenclature Used in This Book 18 1.4.3 Mathematical Concerns 23 1.5 Summary 24 2 Overview 25 2.1 Introduction 25 2.2 What is DEA? 26 2.3 Remarks 33 2.4 Reformulation from Fractional Programming to Linear Programming 35 2.5 Reference Set 38 2.6 Example for Computational Description 39 2.7 Summary 44 3 History 45 3.1 Introduction 45 3.2 O rigin of L1 Regression 46 3.3 O rigin of Goal Programming 50 3.4 Analytical Properties of L1 Regression 53 3.5 From L1 Regression to L2 Regression and Frontier Analysis 55 3.5.1 L2 Regression 55 3.5.2 L1-based Frontier Analyses 55 3.6 O rigin of DEA 59 3.7 Relationships between GP and DEA 61 3.8 Historical Progress From L1 Regression to DEA 64 3.9 Summary 64 4 Radial Measurement 67 4.1 Introduction 67 4.2 Radial Models: Input-Oriented 70 4.2.1 Input-Oriented RM(v) under Variable RTS 70 4.2.2 Underlying Concept 72 4.2.3 Input-Oriented RM(c) under Constant RTS 74 4.3 Radial Models: Desirable Output-Oriented 75 4.3.1 Desirable Output-oriented RM(v) under Variable RTS 75 4.3.2 Desirable Output-oriented RM(c) under Constant RTS 77 4.4 Comparison Between Radial Models 79 4.4.1 Comparison Between Input-Oriented and Desirable Output‑Oriented Radial Models 79 4.4.2 Hybrid Radial Model: Modification 81 4.5 Multiplier Restriction and Cross-Reference Approaches 82 4.5.1 Multiplier Restriction Methods 82 4.5.2 Cone Ratio Method 84 4.5.3 Cross-reference Method 86 4.6 Cost Analysis 88 4.6.1 Cost Efficiency Measures 88 4.6.2 Type of Efficiency Measures in Production and Cost Analyses 89 4.6.3 Illustrative Example 91 4.7 Summary 94 5 Non-Radial Measurement 95 5.1 Introduction 95 5.2 Characterization and Classification on DMUs 97 5.3 Russell Measure 99 5.4 Additive Model 103 5.5 Range-Adjusted Measure 105 5.6 Slack-Adjusted Radial Measure 106 5.7 Slack-Based Measure 108 5.8 Methodological Comparison: An Illustrative Example 111 5.9 Summary 113 6 Desirable Properties 115 6.1 Introduction 115 6.2 Criteria For OE 117 6.3 Supplementary Discussion 119 6.4 Previous Studies on Desirable Properties 120 6.5 Standard Formulation for Radial and Non-Radial Models 122 6.6 Desirable Properties for DEA Models 126 6.6.1 Aggregation 126 6.6.2 Frontier Shift Measurability 128 6.6.3 Invariance to Alternate Optima 131 6.6.4 Formal Definitions on Other Desirable Properties 132 6.6.5 Efficiency Requirement 133 6.6.6 Homogeneity 134 6.6.7 Strict Monotonicity 136 6.6.8 Unique Projection for Efficiency Comparison 137 6.6.9 Unit Invariance 138 6.6.10 Translation Invariance 139 6.7 Summary 140 6.A Appendix 142 6.A.1 Proof of Proposition 6.1 142 6.A.2 Proof of Proposition 6.6 143 6.A.3 Proof of Proposition 6.7 145 6.A.4 Proof of Proposition 6.8 146 6.A.5 Proof of Proposition 6.10 147 6.A.6 Proof of Proposition 6.11 147 7 Strong Complementary Slackness Conditions 149 7.1 Introduction 149 7.2 Combination Between Primal and Dual Models for SCSCs 150 7.3 Three Illustrative Examples 154 7.3.1 First Example 155 7.3.2 Second Example 158 7.3.3 Third Example 161 7.4 Theoretical Implications of SCSCs 162 7.5 Guideline for Non-Radial Models 167 7.6 Summary 167 7.A Appendix 168 7.A.1 Proof of Proposition 7.1 168 7.A.2 Proof of Proposition 7.4 169 7.A.3 Proof of Proposition 7.6 170 8 Returns to Scale 173 8.1 Introduction 173 8.2 Underlying Concepts 174 8.3 Production-Based RTS Measurement 178 8.4 Cost-Based RTS Measurement 182 8.5 Scale Efficiencies and Scale Economies 185 8.6 Summary 188 9 Congestion 189 9.1 Introduction 189 9.2 An Illustrative Example 191 9.3 Fundamental Discussions 195 9.4 Supporting Hyperplane 200 9.4.1 Location of Supporting Hyperplane 200 9.4.2 Visual Description of Congestion and RTS 201 9.5 Congestion Identification 204 9.5.1 Slack Adjustment for Projection 204 9.5.2 Congestion Identification on Projected Point 206 9.6 Theoretical Linkage Between Congestion and RTS 207 9.7 Degree of Congestion 209 9.8 Economic Implications 211 9.9 Summary 212 10 Network Computing 215 10.1 Introduction 215 10.2 Network Computing Architecture 216 10.3 Network Computing for Multi-Stage Parallel Processes 218 10.3.1 Theoretical Preliminary 218 10.3.2 Computational Strategy for Network Computing 221 10.3.3 Network Computing in Multi-Stage Parallel Processes 221 10.4 Simulation Study 229 10.5 Summary 241 11 DEA-Discriminant Analysis 243 11.1 Introduction 243 11.2 Two MIP Approaches for DEA-DA 245 11.2.1 Standard MIP Approach 245 11.2.2 Two-stage MIP Approach 248 11.2.3 Differences between Two MIP Approaches 254 11.2.4 Differences between DEA and DEA-DA 255 11.3 Classifying Multiple Groups 255 11.4 Illustrative Examples 259 11.4.1 First Example 259 11.4.2 Second Example 259 11.5 Frontier Analysis 261 11.6 Summary 263 12 Literature Study for Section I 265 12.1 Introduction 265 12.2 Computer Codes 265 12.3 Pedagogical Linkage From Conventional Use to Environmental Assessment 268 References for Section I 270 SECTION II DEA ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT 281 13 World Energy 283 13.1 Introduction 283 13.2 General Trend 284 13.3 Primary Energy 286 13.3.1 Fossil Fuel Energy 286 13.3.2 Non-fossil Energy 293 13.4 Secondary Energy (Electricity) 297 13.5 Petroleum Price and World Trade 299 13.6 Energy Economics 300 13.7 Summary 303 14 Environmental Protection 305 14.1 Introduction 305 14.2 European Union 306 14.2.1 General Description 306 14.2.2 Environmental Action Program 308 14.3 Japan 310 14.4 China 311 14.5 The United States of America 315 14.5.1 General Description 315 14.5.2 Regional Comparison between PJM and California ISO 317 14.5.3 Federal Regulation of PJM and California ISO 318 14.5.4 Local Regulation on PJM 319 14.5.5 Local Regulation on California ISO 320 14.6 Summary 322 15 Concepts 325 15.1 Introduction 325 15.2 Role of DEA in Measuring Unified Performance 327 15.3 Social Sustainability Versus Corporate Sustainability 331 15.3.1 Why Is Social Sustainability Important? 332 15.3.2 Why Is Corporate Sustainability Important? 333 15.4 Strategic Adaptation 336 15.5 Two Disposability Concepts 339 15.6 Unified Efficiency under Natural and Managerial Disposability 341 15.7 Difficulty in DEA Environmental Assessment 343 15.8 Undesirable Congestion and Desirable Congestion 345 15.9 Comparison With Previous Disposability Concepts 346 15.9.1 Weak and Strong Disposability 347 15.9.2 Null-joint Relationship (Assumption on “Byproducts”) 347 15.10 Summary 350 16 Non-Radial Approach for Unified Efficiency Measures 351 16.1 Introduction 351 16.2 Unified Efficiency 352 16.2.1 Formulation 352 16.2.2 Visual Implications of UE 357 16.3 Unified Efficiency under Natural Disposability 359 16.4 Unified Efficiency under Managerial Disposability 362 16.5 Properties of Non-Radial Approach 364 16.6 National and International Firms in the Petroleum Industry 366 16.6.1 Business Structure 366 16.6.2 National and International Oil Companies 367 16.6.3 UE Measures 367 16.6.4 UE Measures under Natural Disposability 369 16.6.5 UE Measures under Managerial Disposability 369 16.7 Summary 373 17 Radial Approach for Unified Efficiency Measures 375 17.1 Introduction 375 17.2 Unified Efficiency 376 17.3 Radial Unification between Desirable and Undesirable Outputs 378 17.4 Unified Efficiency under Natural Disposability 381 17.5 Unified Efficiency under Managerial Disposability 383 17.6 Coal-Fired Power Plants in the United States 385 17.6.1 ISO and RTO 385 17.6.2 Data 387 17.6.3 Unified Efficiency 388 17.6.4 Unified Efficiency under Natural Disposability 390 17.6.5 Unified Efficiency under Managerial Disposability 391 17.7 Summary 392 17.A Appendix 393 18 Scale Efficiency 395 18.1 Introduction 395 18.2 Scale Efficiency under Natural Disposability: Non-Radial Approach 396 18.3 Scale Efficiency under Managerial Disposability: Non-Radial Approach 399 18.4 Scale Efficiency under Natural Disposability: Radial Approach 401 18.5 Scale Efficiency under Managerial Disposability: Radial Approach 403 18.6 United States Coal-Fired Power Plants 404 18.6.1 The Clean Air Act 404 18.6.2 Production Factors 406 18.6.3 Research Concerns 407 18.6.4 Unified Efficiency Measures of Power Plants 410 18.6.5 Mean Tests 410 18.7 Summary 414 19 Measurement in a Time Horizon 417 19.1 Introduction 417 19.2 Malmquist Index 418 19.3 Frontier Shift in Time Horizon 419 19.3.1 No Occurrence of Frontier Crossover 419 19.3.2 Occurrence of Frontier Crossover 422 19.4 Formulations for Natural Disposability 424 19.4.1 No Occurrence of Frontier Crossover 425 19.4.2 Occurrence of Frontier Crossover 428 19.5 Formulations under Managerial Disposability 430 19.5.1 No Occurrence of Frontier Crossover 430 19.5.2 Occurrence of Frontier Crossover 432 19.6 Energy Mix of Industrial Nations 435 19.7 Summary 437 19.A Appendix 440 20 Returns to Scale and Damages to Scale 443 20.1 Introduction 443 20.2 Underlying Concepts 444 20.2.1 Scale Elasticity 444 20.2.2 Differences Between RTS and DTS 445 20.3 Non-Radial Approach 447 20.3.1 Scale Economies and RTS under Natural Disposability 447 20.3.2 Scale Damages and DTS under Managerial Disposability 450 20.4 Radial Approach 451 20.4.1 Scale Economies and RTS under Natural Disposability 451 20.4.2 Scale Damages and DTS under Managerial Disposability 454 20.5 Japanese Chemical and Pharmaceutical Firms 455 20.6 Summary 461 21 Desirable and Undesirable Congestions 463 21.1 Introduction 463 21.2 UC and DC 464 21.3 Unified Efficiency and UC under Natural Disposability 469 21.4 Unified Efficiency and DC under Managerial Disposability 473 21.5 Coal-Fired Power Plants in United States 476 21.5.1 Data 476 21.5.2 Occurrence of Congestion 477 21.6 Summary 477 22 Marginal Rate of Transformation and Rate of Substitution 483 22.1 Introduction 483 22.2 Concepts 485 22.2.1 Desirable Congestion 485 22.2.2 MRT and RSU 485 22.3 A Possible Occurrence of DC 489 22.4 Measurement of MRT and RSU Under DC 491 22.5 Multiplier Restriction 492 22.6 Explorative Analysis 493 22.7 International Comparison 495 22.8 Summary 503 23 Returns to Damage and Damages to Return 505 23.1 Introduction 505 23.2 Congestion, RTD and DTR 506 23.2.1 UC and DC 506 23.2.2 RTD under UC 508 23.2.3 DTR under DC 510 23.2.4 Possible Occurrence of UC and DC 511 23.3 Congestion Identification under Natural Disposability 512 23.3.1 Possible Occurrence of UC 512 23.3.2 RTD Measurement under the Possible Occurrence of UC 516 23.4 Congestion Identification under Managerial Disposability 519 23.4.1 Possible Occurrence of DC 519 23.4.2 DTR Measurement under the Possible Occurrence of DC 522 23.5 Energy and Social Sustainability In China 524 23.5.1 Data and Empirical Results 524 23.6 Summary 534 24 Disposability Unification 537 24.1 Introduction 537 24.2 Unification between Disposability Concepts 538 24.3 Non-Radial Approach for Disposability Unification 540 24.4 Radial Approach for Disposability Unification 545 24.5 Computational Flow for Disposability Unification 549 24.6 US Petroleum Industry 551 24.6.1 Data 551 24.6.2 Unified Efficiency Measures 554 24.6.3 Scale Efficiency 557 24.7 Summary 558 25 Common Multipliers 561 25.1 Introduction 561 25.2 Computational Framework 564 25.3 Data Envelopment Analysis–Discriminant Analysis 564 25.4 Rank Sum Test 571 25.5 Japanese Electric Power Industry 571 25.5.1 Underlying Concepts 571 25.5.2 Empirical Results 573 25.6 Summary 580 26 Property of Translation Invariance to Handle Zero and Negative Values 581 26.1 Introduction 581 26.2 Translation Invariance 582 26.3 Assessment in Time Horizon 585 26.3.1 Formulations under Natural Disposability 585 26.3.2 Formulations under Managerial Disposability 588 26.3.3 Efficiency Growth 588 26.4 Efficiency Measurement for Fuel Mix Strategy 590 26.4.1 Unified Efficiency Measures 591 26.4.2 Fuel Mix Strategy 595 26.5 Summary 598 27 Handling Zero and Negative Values in Radial Measurement 601 27.1 Introduction 601 27.2 Disaggregation 602 27.3 Unified Efficiency Measurement 603 27.3.1 Conceptual Review of Disposability Unification 603 27.3.2 Unified Efficiency under Natural Disposability with Disaggregation 606 27.3.3 Unified Efficiency under Managerial Disposability with Disaggregation 607 27.4 Possible Occurrence of Desirable Congestion 609 27.4.1 Unified Efficiency under Natural and Managerial Disposability 609 27.4.2 UENM with Desirable Congestion 610 27.4.3 Investment Rule 613 27.4.4 Computation Summary 614 27.5 United States Industrial Sectors 615 27.6 Summary 622 28 Literature Study for DEA Environmental Assessment 625 28.1 Introduction 625 28.2 Applications in Energy and Environment 626 28.3 Energy 628 28.3.1 Electricity 628 28.3.2 Oil, Coal, Gas and Heat 631 28.3.3 Renewable Energies 633 28.4 Energy Efficiency 634 28.5 Environment 637 28.6 Other Applications 639 28.7 Summary 640 References for Section II 641 INDEX 685
£96.42
John Wiley & Sons Inc The Energy Disruption Triangle
Book SynopsisA real-world guide for adapting to the new energy era The Energy Disruption Triangle is a treatise on the energy revolution's real-world impacts, and a handbook for anyone looking to weather the storm. Three major technologies are already changing the energy paradigm: solar energy, electric vehicles, and energy storage. As technology continues to evolve and become more accessible to the masses, the nation's energy habits will experience a dramatic upheaval; this book provides actionable guidance to help you adapt. We are already in the beginning stages of this black swan event, and most people don't know what's comingbut it will come much sooner and much faster than anyone thinks. This book reveals the revolution happening right before our eyes, and shows you how to thrive in this new era. Learn how our energy suppliesand usageare changingUnderstand why energy storage matters, and how the technology is evolvingExplore the history and future of groundbreaking energy technologiesDeTable of ContentsForeword xiii Introduction xix Acknowledgments xxxiii About the Author xxxv Section 1 The US Solar Build Out: Disrupting Energy Supplies 1 Chapter 1 The History of Solar Energy 3 Chapter 2 The Workings of a Modern Solar Energy System 18 Chapter 3 Is a Solar System Right for You? 31 Chapter 4 Utility-Scale Solar Takes Off 51 Chapter 5 What’s Ahead for Solar Energy 69 Section 2 Electric Vehicles: Disrupting Transportation 95 Chapter 6 The History of Electric Vehicles 97 Chapter 7 Henney’s Kilowatt and GM’s EV1: Ahead of their Time 118 Chapter 8 The Vision of Elon Musk 127 Chapter 9 Everybody into the EV Pool 159 Chapter 10 EVS and Stranded Oil (Peak Demand is Here) 188 Section 3 Cheap Battery Storage: The Biggest Energy Disruptor 199 Chapter 11 The Rise of Energy Storage 201 Chapter 12 Energy Storage Technologies 210 Chapter 13 Why Cheap Energy Storage Matters 221 Chapter 14 Disrupting the US Energy Supply 233 Chapter 15 Say Goodbye to Conventional Power Plants 244 Chapter 16 EVS as an Energy Source 262 Chapter 17 Greenhouse Gases Disappear 273 Chapter 18 Getting to Net Zero: US Energy Independence 285 Chapter 19 Energy 2118: A Look Ahead 298 Glossary 313 Index 321
£24.79
John Wiley & Sons Inc CoalFired Power Generation Handbook
Book SynopsisCoal accounts for approximately one quarter of world energy consumption and of the coal produced worldwide approximately 65% is shipped to electricity producers and 33% to industrial consumers, with most of the remainder going to consumers in the residential and commercial sectors. The total share of total world energy consumption by coal is expected to increase to almost 30% in 2035. This book describes the challenges and steps by which electricity is produced form coal and deals with the challenges for removing the environmental objections to the use of coal in future power plants. New technologies are described that could virtually eliminate the sulfur, nitrogen, and mercury pollutants that are released when coal is burned for electricity generation. In addition, technologies for the capture greenhouse gases emitted from coal-fired power plants are described and the means of preventing such emissions from contributing to global warming concerns. Written by one of thTable of ContentsPreface xvii Part I: Origin and Properties 1 1 History, Occurrence, and Resources 3 1.1 Introduction 3 1.2 Origin of Coal 8 1.3 Occurrence 12 1.4 Coal Utilization and Coal Types 14 1.5 Resources 22 1.6 Reserves 26 1.7 Energy Independence 31 References 33 2 Classification 37 2.1 Introduction 37 2.2 Nomenclature of Coal 39 2.3 Classification Systems 43 2.4 Coal Petrography 59 2.5 Correlation of the Various Systems 62 References 65 3 Recovery, Preparation, and Transportation 67 3.1 Introduction 67 3.2 Coal Recovery 69 3.3 Coal Preparation 78 3.4 Size Reduction 87 3.5 Coal Cleaning 92 3.6 Coal Drying 98 3.7 Desulfurization 104 3.8 Transportation 105 References 109 4 Storage 113 4.1 Introduction 113 4.2 Stockpiling 115 4.4 Spontaneous Ignition 124 4.5 Mechanism of Spontaneous Ignition 134 4.6 Preventing Spontaneous Ignition 137 References 138 5 General Properties 143 5.1 Introduction 143 5.2 Sampling 149 5.3 Proximate Analysis 154 5.4 Ultimate Analysis 167 5.5 Calorific Value 174 5.6 Reporting Coal Analyses 176 References 180 6 Physical, Mechanical, Thermal, and Electrical Properties 187 6.1 Introduction 187 6.2 Physical Properties 190 6.3 Mechanical Properties 200 6.4 Thermal Properties 207 6.5 Electrical Properties 214 6.6 Epilog 217 References 217 Part II: Power Generation 223 7 Combustion 225 7.1 Introduction 225 7.2 General Aspects 230 7.3 Chemistry and Physics 232 7.4 Catalytic Combustion 249 7.5 Fuels 249 References 269 8 Combustion Systems 275 8.1 Introduction 275 8.2 Combustion Systems 278 8.3 Fuel Feeders 303 References 304 9 Gasification 307 9.1 Introduction 307 9.2 General Aspects 309 9.3 Chemistry and Physics 325 9.4 Catalytic Gasification 334 9.5 Plasma Gasification 335 9.6 Gaseous Products 336 9.7 Underground Gasification 341 References 344 10 Gasification Systems 349 10.1 Introduction 349 10.2 Gasifier Types 352 10.3 Fixed-Bed Processes 358 10.4 Fluidized-Bed Processes 367 10.5 Entrained-Bed Processes 381 10.6 Molten Salt Processes 386 10.7 Other Designs 390 10.8 Gasifier-Feedstock Compatibility 396 10.8.7 Propensity for Char Formation 400 10.8.8 Mineral Matter Content 400 10.8.9 Ash Yield 400 10.9 Energy Balance and Other Design Options 401 10.10 Underground Gasification 402 References 406 11 Electric Power Generation 409 11.1 Introduction 409 11.2 Electricity From Coal 412 11.3 Steam Generation 415 11.4 Control of Emissions 425 11.5 Power Plant Efficiency 428 11.6 Combined Cycle Generation 432 References 435 12 Gas Cleaning 437 12.1 Introduction 437 12.2 General Aspects 437 12.3 Air Pollution Control Devices 445 12.4 Particulate Matter Removal 449 12.5 Acid Gas Removal 458 12.6 Removal of Sulfur-Containing Gases 462 12.7 Removal of Nitrogen-Containing Gases 465 12.8 Environmental Legislation 467 References 469 13 Clean Coal Technologies for Power Generation 473 13.1 Introduction 473 13.2 Historical Perspectives 480 13.3 Modern Perspectives 481 13.4 Clean Coal Technology 483 13.5 Managing Wastes from Coal Use 504 13.6 Carbon Dioxide Capture and Sequestration 506 References 514 14 Environmental Issues 519 14.1 Introduction 519 14.2 Coal Preparation 521 14.3 Transportation and Storage 523 14.4 Combustion 525 14.5 Gasification 532 14.6 Power Plant Waste 536 14.7 The Future 553 References 556 Part III: Alternative Feedstocks and Energy Security 559 15 Alternate Feedstocks 561 15.1 Introduction 561 15.2 Viscous Feedstocks 562 15.3 Biomass 575 15.4 Waste 605 References 610 16 Combustion of Alternate Feedstocks 613 16.1 Introduction 613 16.2 Viscous Feedstocks 615 16.3 Biomass 619 16.4 Solid Waste 632 References 638 17 Gasification of Alternate Feedstocks 641 17.1 Introduction 641 17.2 Viscous Feedstocks 643 17.3 Biomass 651 17.4 Solid Waste 656 17.5 Process Products 667 References 673 18 Coal and Energy Security 679 18.1 Introduction 679 18.2 Energy Security 683 18.3 The Future of Coal 687 18.4 Sustainable Development 694 References 701 Conversion Factors 705 Glossary 709 Index 753 About the Author 759
£181.76
John Wiley & Sons Inc FlowInduced Vibration Handbook for Nuclear and
Book SynopsisExplains the mechanisms governing flow-induced vibrations and helps engineers prevent fatigueand fretting-weardamageatthe designstage Fatigue orfretting-wear damagein processand plantequipment caused by flow-induced vibrationcan lead tooperational disruptions, lost production, andexpensiverepairs.Mechanical engineers can helppreventor mitigatethese problemsduringthe designphase of high capital cost plants such as nuclear power stations and petroleum refineries by performing thorough flow-induced vibration analysis.Accordingly, it is critical for mechanical engineers to have a firmunderstanding of the dynamic parameters and the vibration excitation mechanisms that govern flow-induced vibration. Flow-Induced Vibration Handbook for Nuclear and Process Equipmentprovides the knowledge required to prevent failures due to flow-induced vibration at the design stage. The product of more than 40 years of research and development at the Canadian Nuclear LaboratoriesTable of ContentsPreface xv Acknowledgments xvii Contributors xix 1 Introduction and Typical Vibration Problems 1 Michel J. Pettigrew 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Some Typical Component Failures 2 1.3 Dynamics of Process System Components 9 1.3.1 Multi-Span Heat Exchanger Tubes 9 1.3.2 Other Nuclear and Process Components 10 Notes 10 References 10 2 Flow-Induced Vibration of Nuclear and Process Equipment: An Overview 13 Michel J. Pettigrew and Colette E. Taylor 2.1 Introduction 13 2.1.1 Flow-Induced Vibration Overview 13 2.1.2 Scope of a Vibration Analysis 14 2.2 Flow Calculations 14 2.2.1 Flow Parameter Definition 14 2.2.2 Simple Flow Path Approach 15 2.2.3 Comprehensive 3-D Approach 16 2.2.4 Two-Phase Flow Regime 18 2.3 Dynamic Parameters 18 2.3.1 Hydrodynamic Mass 18 2.3.2 Damping 19 2.4 Vibration Excitation Mechanisms 25 2.4.1 Fluidelastic Instability 25 2.4.2 Random Turbulence Excitation 27 2.4.3 Periodic Wake Shedding 31 2.4.4 Acoustic Resonance 34 2.4.5 Susceptibility to Resonance 35 2.5 Vibration Response Prediction 36 2.5.1 Fluidelastic Instability 37 2.5.2 Random Turbulence Excitation 38 2.5.3 Periodic Wake Shedding 38 2.5.4 Acoustic Resonance 38 2.5.5 Example of Vibration Analysis 38 2.6 Fretting-Wear Damage Considerations 40 2.6.1 Fretting-Wear Assessment 40 2.6.2 Fretting-Wear Coefficients 41 2.6.3 Wear Depth Calculations 42 2.7 Acceptance Criteria 42 2.7.1 Fluidelastic Instability 42 2.7.2 Random Turbulence Excitation 43 2.7.3 Periodic Wake Shedding 43 2.7.4 Tube-to-Support Clearance 43 2.7.5 Acoustic Resonance 43 2.7.6 Two-Phase Flow Regimes 43 Note 43 References 44 3 Flow Considerations 47 John M. Pietralik, Liberat N. Carlucci, Colette E. Taylor, and Michel J. Pettigrew 3.1 Definition of the Problem 47 3.2 Nature of the Flow 48 3.2.1 Introduction 48 3.2.2 Flow Parameter Definitions 50 3.2.3 Vertical Bubbly Flow 54 3.2.4 Flow Around Bluff Bodies 55 3.2.5 Shell-Side Flow in Tube Bundles 56 3.2.6 Air-Water versus Steam-Water Flows 63 3.2.7 Effect of Nucleate Boiling Noise 63 3.2.8 Summary 67 3.3 Simplified Flow Calculation 67 3.4 Multi-Dimensional Thermalhydraulic Analysis 74 3.4.1 Steam Generator 74 3.4.2 Other Heat Exchangers 78 Acronyms 81 Nomenclature 81 Subscripts 82 Notes 83 References 83 4 Hydrodynamic Mass, Natural Frequencies and Mode Shapes 87 Daniel J. Gorman, Colette E. Taylor, and Michel J. Pettigrew 4.1 Introduction 87 4.2 Total Tube Mass 88 4.2.1 Single-Phase Flow 89 4.2.2 Two-Phase Flow 90 4.3 Free Vibration Analysis of Straight Tubes 93 4.3.1 Free Vibration Analysis of a Single-Span Tube 94 4.3.2 Free Vibration Analysis of a Two-Span Tube 97 4.3.3 Free Vibration Analysis of a Multi-Span Tube 99 4.4 Basic Theory for Curved Tubes 100 4.4.1 Theory of Curved Tube In-Plane Free Vibration 102 4.4.2 Theory of Curved Tube Out-of-Plane Free Vibration 104 4.5 Free Vibration Analysis of U-Tubes 105 4.5.1 Setting Boundary Conditions for the In-Plane Free Vibration Analysis of U-Tubes Possessing Geometric Symmetry 106 4.5.2 Development of the In-Plane Eigenvalue Matrix for a Symmetric U-Tube 109 4.5.3 Generation of Eigenvalue Matrices for Out-of-Plane Free Vibration Analysis of U-Tubes Possessing Geometric Symmetry 109 4.5.4 Free Vibration Analysis of U-Tubes Which Do Not Possess Geometric Similarity 112 4.6 Concluding Remarks 114 Nomenclature 115 References 116 5 Damping of Cylindrical Structures in Single-Phase Fluids 119 Michel J. Pettigrew 5.1 Introduction 119 5.2 Energy Dissipation Mechanisms 119 5.3 Approach 123 5.4 Damping in Gases 124 5.4.1 Effect of Number of Supports 127 5.4.2 Effect of Frequency 128 5.4.3 Vibration Amplitude 128 5.4.4 Effect of Diameter or Mass 128 5.4.5 Effect of Side Loads 128 5.4.6 Effect of Higher Modes 129 5.4.7 Effect of Support Thickness 129 5.4.8 Effect of Clearance 132 5.5 Design Recommendations for Damping in Gases 132 5.6 Damping in Liquids 133 5.6.1 Tube-to-Fluid Viscous Damping 133 5.6.2 Damping at the Supports 136 5.6.3 Squeeze-Film Damping 138 5.6.4 Damping due to Sliding 141 5.6.5 Semi-Empirical Formulation of Tube-Support Damping 143 5.7 Discussion 147 5.8 Design Recommendations for Damping in Liquids 148 5.8.1 Simple Criterion Based on Available Data 148 5.8.2 Criterion Based on the Formulation of Energy Dissipation Mechanisms 148 Nomenclature 149 Subscripts 150 References 151 6 Damping of Cylindrical Structures in Two-Phase Flow 155 Michel J. Pettigrew and Colette E. Taylor 6.1 Introduction 155 6.2 Sources of Information 155 6.3 Approach 157 6.4 Two-Phase Flow Conditions 158 6.4.1 Definition of Two-Phase Flow Parameters 158 6.4.2 Flow Regime 161 6.5 Parametric Dependence Study 162 6.5.1 Effect of Flow Velocity 163 6.5.2 Effect of Void Fraction 163 6.5.3 Effect of Confinement 168 6.5.4 Effect of Tube Mass 168 6.5.5 Effect of Tube Vibration Frequency 168 6.5.6 Effect of Tube Bundle Configuration 169 6.5.7 Effect of Motion of Surrounding Tubes 169 6.5.8 Effect of Flow Regime 170 6.5.9 Effect of Fluid Properties 171 6.6 Development of Design Guidelines 172 6.7 Discussion 177 6.7.1 Damping Formulation 177 6.7.2 Two-Phase Damping Mechanisms 177 6.8 Summary Remarks 178 Nomenclature 178 Subscripts 179 Note 179 References 180 7 Fluidelastic Instability of Tube Bundles in Single-Phase Flow 183 Michel J. Pettigrew and Colette E. Taylor 7.1 Introduction 183 7.2 Nature of Fluidelastic Instability 183 7.3 Fluidelastic Instability: Analytical Modelling 185 7.4 Fluidelastic Instability: Semi-Empirical Models 186 7.5 Approach 191 7.6 Important Definitions 191 7.6.1 Tube Bundle Configurations 191 7.6.2 Flow Velocity Definition 191 7.6.3 Critical Velocity for Fluidelastic Instability 196 7.6.4 Damping 197 7.6.5 Tube Frequency 198 7.7 Parametric Dependence Study 198 7.7.1 Flexible versus Rigid Tube Bundles 198 7.7.2 Damping 201 7.7.3 Pitch-to-Diameter Ratio, P/D 201 7.7.4 Fluidelastic Instability Formulation 204 7.8 Development of Design Guidelines 206 7.9 In-Plane Fluidelastic Instability 209 7.10 Axial Flow Fluidelastic Instability 212 7.11 Concluding Remarks 213 Nomenclature 214 Subscript 214 References 215 8 Fluidelastic Instability of Tube Bundles in Two-Phase Flow 219 Michel J. Pettigrew and Colette E. Taylor 8.1 Introduction 219 8.2 Previous Research 219 8.2.1 Flow-Induced Vibration in Two-Phase Axial Flow 220 8.2.2 Flow-Induced Vibration in Two-Phase Cross Flow 221 8.2.3 Damping Studies 221 8.3 Fluidelastic Instability Mechanisms in Two-Phase Cross Flow 221 8.4 Fluidelastic Instability Experiments in Air-Water Cross Flow 224 8.4.1 Initial Experiments in Air-Water Cross Flow 224 8.4.2 Behavior in Intermittent Flow 227 8.4.3 Effect of Bundle Geometry 229 8.4.4 Flexible versus Rigid Tube Bundle Behavior 230 8.4.5 Hydrodynamic Coupling 232 8.5 Analysis of the Fluidelastic Instability Results 234 8.5.1 Defining Critical Mass Flux and Instability Constant 234 8.5.2 Comparison with Results of Other Researchers 235 8.5.3 Summary of Air-Water Tests 238 8.6 Tube Bundle Vibration in Two-Phase Freon Cross Flow 239 8.6.1 Introductory Remarks 239 8.6.2 Background Information 240 8.6.3 Experiments in Freon Cross Flow 240 8.7 Freon Test Results and Discussion 244 8.7.1 Results and Analysis 244 8.7.2 Proposed Explanations 247 8.7.3 Concluding Remarks 247 8.7.4 Summary Findings 249 8.8 Fluidelastic Instability of U-Tubes in Air-Water Cross Flow 250 8.8.1 Experimental Considerations 250 8.8.2 U-Tube Dynamics 251 8.8.3 Vibration Response 251 8.8.4 Out-of-Plane Vibration 251 8.8.5 In-Plane Vibration 254 8.9 In-Plane (In-Flow) Fluidelastic Instability 255 8.9.1 In-Flow Experiments in a Wind Tunnel 255 8.9.2 In-Flow Experiments in Two-Phase Cross Flow 255 8.9.3 Single-Tube Fluidelastic Instability Results 256 8.9.4 Single Flexible Column and Central Cluster Fluidelastic Instability Results 258 8.9.5 Two Partially Flexible Columns 258 8.9.6 In-Flow Fluidelastic Instability Results and Discussion 261 8.10 Design Recommendations 261 8.10.1 Design Guidelines 261 8.10.2 Fluidelastic Instability with Intermittent Flow 263 8.11 Fluidelastic Instability in Two-Phase Axial Flow 264 8.12 Concluding Remarks 265 Nomenclature 265 Subscripts 266 Note 266 References 266 9 Random Turbulence Excitation in Single-Phase Flow 271 Colette E. Taylor and Michel J. Pettigrew 9.1 Introduction 271 9.2 Theoretical Background 271 9.2.1 Equation of Motion 272 9.2.2 Derivation of the Mean-Square Response 273 9.2.3 Simplification of Tube Vibration Response 274 9.2.4 Integration of the Transfer Function 275 9.2.5 Use of the Simplified Expression in Developing Design Guidelines 275 9.3 Literature Search 277 9.4 Approach Taken 277 9.5 Discussion of Parameters 279 9.5.1 Directional Dependence (Lift versus Drag) 279 9.5.2 Bundle Orientation 279 9.5.3 Pitch-to-Diameter Ratio (P/D) 279 9.5.4 Upstream Turbulence 280 9.5.5 Fluid Density (Gas versus Liquid) 283 9.5.6 Summary 283 9.6 Design Guidelines 284 9.7 Random Turbulence Excitation in Axial Flow 287 Nomenclature 287 References 288 10 Random Turbulence Excitation Forces Due to Two-Phase Flow 291 Colette E. Taylor and Michel J. Pettigrew 10.1 Introduction 291 10.2 Background 291 10.3 Approach Taken to Data Reduction 295 10.4 Scaling Factor for Frequency 296 10.4.1 Definition of a Velocity Scale 297 10.4.2 Definition of a Length Scale 298 10.4.3 Dimensionless Reduced Frequency 301 10.4.4 Effect of Frequency 301 10.5 Scaling Factor for Power Spectral Density 302 10.5.1 Effect of Flow Regime 302 10.5.2 Effect of Void Fraction 304 10.5.3 Effect of Mass Flux 306 10.5.4 Effect of Tube Diameter 306 10.5.5 Effect of Correlation Length 306 10.5.6 Effect of Bundle and Tube-Support Geometry 307 10.5.7 Effect of Two-Phase Mixture 308 10.5.8 Effect of Nucleate Boiling 310 10.6 Dimensionless Power Spectral Density 311 10.7 Upper Bounds for Two-Phase Cross Flow Dimensionless Spectra 314 10.7.1 Bubbly Flow 314 10.7.2 Churn Flow 315 10.7.3 Intermittent Flow 316 10.8 Axial Flow Random Turbulence Excitation 318 10.9 Conclusions 323 Nomenclature 324 References 325 11 Periodic Wake Shedding and Acoustic Resonance 329 David S. Weaver, Colette E. Taylor, and Michel J. Pettigrew 11.1 Introduction 329 11.2 Periodic Wake Shedding 332 11.2.1 Frequency: Strouhal Number 332 11.2.2 Calculating Tube Resonance Amplitudes 335 11.2.3 Fluctuating Force Coefficients in Single-Phase Flow 336 11.2.4 Fluctuating Force Coefficients in Two-Phase Flow 338 11.2.5 The Effect of Bundle Orientation and P/D on Fluctuating Force Coefficients 346 11.2.6 The Effect of Void Fraction and Flow Regime on Fluctuating Force Coefficients 347 11.3 Acoustic Resonance 354 11.3.1 Acoustic Natural Frequencies 354 11.3.2 Equivalent Speed of Sound 355 11.3.3 Acoustic Natural Frequencies (fa)n 356 11.3.4 Frequency Coincidence — Critical Velocities 356 11.3.5 Damping Criteria 358 11.3.6 Sound Pressure Level 361 11.3.7 Elimination of Acoustic Resonance 364 11.4 Conclusions and Recommendations 366 Nomenclature 367 References 369 12 Assessment of Fretting-Wear Damage in Nuclear and Process Equipment 373 Michel J. Pettigrew, Metin Yetisir, Nigel J. Fisher, Bruce A.W. Smith, and Victor P. Janzen 12.1 Introduction 373 12.2 Dynamic Characteristics of Nuclear Structures and Process Equipment 374 12.2.1 Heat Exchangers 374 12.2.2 Nuclear Structures 375 12.3 Fretting-Wear Damage Prediction 376 12.3.1 Time-Domain Approach 376 12.3.2 Energy Approach 380 12.4 Work-Rate Relationships 380 12.4.1 Shear Work Rate and Mechanical Power 380 12.4.2 Vibration Energy Relationship 381 12.4.3 Single Degree-of-Freedom System 381 12.4.4 Multi-Span Beams Under Harmonic Excitation 382 12.4.5 Response to Random Excitation 382 12.4.6 Work-Rate Estimate: Summary 384 12.5 Experimental Verification 384 12.6 Comparison to Time Domain Approach 385 12.7 Practical Applications: Examples 386 12.8 Concluding Remarks 392 Nomenclature 392 Note 393 References 394 13 Fretting-Wear Damage Coefficients 397 Nigel J. Fisher and Fabrice M. Guérout 13.1 Introduction 397 13.2 Fretting-Wear Damage Mechanisms 397 13.2.1 Impact Fretting Wear 397 13.2.2 Trends 398 13.2.3 Work-Rate Model 402 13.3 Experimental Considerations 404 13.3.1 Experimental Studies 404 13.3.2 Room-Temperature Test Data 404 13.3.3 High-Temperature Experimental Facility 407 13.3.4 Wear Volume Measurements 409 13.4 Fretting Wear of Zirconium Alloys 409 13.4.1 Introduction 409 13.4.2 Experimental Set-Up 410 13.4.3 Effect of Vibration Amplitude and Motion Type 412 13.4.4 Effect of Pressure-Tube Pre-Oxidation and Surface Preparation 412 13.4.5 Effect of Temperature 412 13.4.6 Effect of pH Control Additive and Dissolved Oxygen Content 413 13.4.7 Discussions 414 13.5 Fretting Wear of Heat Exchanger Materials 417 13.5.1 Work-Rate Model and Wear Coefficient 417 13.5.2 Effect of Test Duration 419 13.5.3 Effect of Temperature 422 13.5.4 Effect of Water Chemistry 424 13.5.5 Effect of Tube-Support Geometry and Tube Materials 426 13.5.6 Discussion 427 13.6 Summary and Recommendations 429 Nomenclature 429 Notes 429 References 430 Component Analysis 433 Introduction 433 Analysis of a Process Heat Exchanger 435 Analysis of a Nuclear Steam Generator U-Bend 445 Subject Index 463
£106.16
John Wiley & Sons Inc Understanding Oil Prices
Book SynopsisExplains that the truth behind increasingly volatile oil market is that over the years oil prices have come untethered from all classical notions of supply and demand and have transcended any country's, consortium's, cartel's, or corporate entity's powers to control them.Table of ContentsForeword xiii Preface xv Quick Reference Guide xix List of Figures xxiii List of Tables xxvii List of Boxes xxix 1 TheWorld Crude Oil Paradoxes 1 2 The Market Events from 2008 to 2011 7 World Energy Policy 8 The Financial Crisis and the Oil Market 10 Fundamentals or Financial Speculation? 17 Demand/Supply of Gasoline and Gasoil 21 WTI – Brent Differential 24 3 Evolution of the Price of Crude Oil from the 1960s up to 1999 29 1960–1980: The Oil Monopoly and the Two Crises in the 1970s 30 The 1980s: The Gradual Disappearance of OPEC 33 The Price War 35 1985–2000: From the Introduction of Brent as an International Benchmark to the Clean Air Act 37 The Suicide of OPEC 40 The Start of the Free Market 41 The Consequences of the Environmental Turnaround 44 4 Changes in the Market for Automotive Fuels 45 Evolution of Environmental Demand 45 Gasoline and its Components 50 Reforming 51 Cracking 52 Alkylation 53 Isomerization 53 Refiners Walk the Tightrope 53 The Fiscal Policy of the Industrialized Countries Regarding Fuels 55 5 World Oil Flow 63 Transformations in the Downstream 66 World Supply Structure 70 6 The Classical Model of the International Oil Market 73 7 The Short-term Model of the International Oil Market 81 8 The Brent Market 89 The Sale and Purchase Contract 90 The Forward Market for Brent (15 day Brent Contract) 94 The IPE Brent Market 100 The Divorce Between Oil Price and Oil 102 9 Principal Uses of the Forward and Futures Markets 105 Tax Spinning 105 Benchmarking 105 Hedging the Price Risks 106 Speculations on Operational Flexibilities at Loading 114 Market Structure: Contango and Backwardation 117 Procedures at the Loading Terminals 119 10 Problems of the Brent Forward Market 123 11 The European Refinery Crisis 131 12 Conclusions:We are Ourselves OPEC 155 Bibliography 163 Index 165
£38.95
John Wiley & Sons Electricity Access in SubSaharan Africa Uptake Reliability and Complementary Factors for Economic Impact
Book SynopsisMost African households cannot afford electricity access and consumption needed to enhance their economic wellbeing. This research argues that a sustainable path for universal access requires a focus on the productive use.
£30.56
MP-WBK World Bank Group Publ Ebb and Flow
Book SynopsisExamines the links between water risks (harmful outcomes related to water, from droughts and floods to lack of sanitation), conflict, and forced displacement. It aims to better explain how to address the vulnerabilities of forcibly displaced persons and their host communities, and to identify water policy and investment responses.
£34.15
John Wiley & Sons The Economics of Electric Vehicles for Passenger Transportation
Book SynopsisSheds light on the economics of electric mobility transition by addressing three questions: why is electric mobility for passenger transportation relevant to the developing world; when does it make sense to proactively pursue the transition; and how can policymakers accelerate adoption of electric passenger vehicles.
£36.86
University of Texas Press Subterranean Struggles
Book SynopsisBlending perspectives from geography and political ecology, this pioneering essay collection probes the recent resurgence of global investment in mineral and hydrocarbon extraction in Latin America, examining the environmental and social consequences throTrade ReviewIf, as the conclusion states, “history and memory are again central to how people make sense of contemporary extraction” (p. 271), we owe the editors and contributors our gratitude for making sure that history is told in a manner as scholastically rigorous, and conceptually cogent, as possible. * Journal of Latin American Geography *Overall this book is an excellent contribution to the literature . . . it contributes to understanding the contentious and complex processes that entails the pursuit of development in the region. * Journal of Human Development and Capabilities *Table of Contents Abbreviations Preface and Acknowledgements 1. Political Ecologies of the Subsoil (Anthony Bebbington and Jeffrey Bury) 2. New Geographies of Extractive Industries in Latin America (Jeffrey Bury and Anthony Bebbington) 3. Nature and Nation: Hydrocarbons, Governance, and the Territorial Logics of "Resource Nationalism" in Bolivia (Thomas Perreault) 4. Rocks, Rangers, and Resistance: Mining and Conservation Frontiers in the Cordillera Huayhuash, Peru (Jeffrey Bury and Timothy Norris) 5. Water for Gold: Confronting State and Corporate Mining Discourses in Azuay, Ecuador (Jennifer Moore and Teresa Velásquez) 6. Territorial Transformations in El Pangui, Ecuador: Understanding How Mining Conflict Affects Territorial Dynamics, Social Mobilization, and Daily Life (Ximena S. Warnaars) 7. Hydrocarbon Conflicts and Indigenous Peoples in the Peruvian Amazon: Mobilization and Negotiation Along the Río Corrientes (Anthony Bebbington and Martin Scurrah) 8. Synergistic Impacts of Gas and Mining Development in Bolivia's Chiquitanía: The Significance of Analytical Scale (Derrick Hindery) 9. Natural Resources in the Subsoil and Social Conflicts on the Surface: Perspectives on Peru's Subsurface Political Ecology (Julio C. Postigo, Mariana Montoya, and Kenneth R. Young) 10. Anatomies of Conflict: Social Mobilization and New Political Ecologies of the Andes (Anthony Bebbington, Denise Humphreys Bebbington, Leonith Hinojosa, María-Luisa Burneo, and Jeffrey Bury ) 11. Conclusions (Anthony Bebbington, Jeffrey Bury, and Emily Gallagher) Bibliography Contributors Index
£25.19
Cornell University Press The Oil Wars Myth
Book SynopsisDo countries fight wars for oil? Given the resource''s exceptional military and economic importance, most people assume that states will do anything to obtain it. Challenging this conventional wisdom, The Oil Wars Myth reveals that countries do not launch major conflicts to acquire petroleum resources. Emily Meierding argues that the costs of foreign invasion, territorial occupation, international retaliation, and damage to oil company relations deter even the most powerful countries from initiating classic oil wars. Examining a century of interstate violence, she demonstrates that, at most, countries have engaged in mild sparring to advance their petroleum ambitions.The Oil Wars Myth elaborates on these findings by reassessing the presumed oil motives for many of the twentieth century''s most prominent international conflicts: World War II, the two American Gulf wars, the IranIraq War, the Falklands/Malvinas War, and the Chaco War. These case studies show that Trade ReviewMeirerding's book is a great contribution to the literature on international relations. The book is an important read for historians, political scientists, and international relations experts interested in the connection, or lack of, between key commodities and natural resources, and interstate conflicts. * H-Net Reviews *Meierding's, The Oil Wars Myth [is an] admirable and well-researched book, therefore, challeng[ing] many existing assumptions about the nexus between international security, petroleum resources, and the likelihood of conflict and wars. * H-Diplo *Table of ContentsIntroduction: Blood and Oil 1. From Value to Violence: Connecting Oil and War 2. Explaining the Oil Wars Myth: Mad Max and El Dorado 3. Why Classic Oil Wars Do Not Pay 4. Searching for Classic Oil Wars 5. Red Herrings: The Chaco and Iran–Iraq Wars 6. Oil Spats: The Falkland/Malvinas Islands Dispute 7. Oil Campaigns: World War II 8. Oil Gambit: Iraq's Invasion of Kuwait Conclusion: Petro-Myths and Petro-Realities
£32.30
Stanford University Press Challenged Hegemony: The United States, China,
Book SynopsisFew issues in international affairs and energy security animate thinkers more than the classic topic of hegemony, and the case of the Persian Gulf presents particularly fertile ground for considering this concept. Since the 1970s, the region has undergone tumultuous changes, with dramatic shifts in the diplomatic, military, and economic roles of the United States, China, and Russia. In this book, Steve A. Yetiv and Katerina Oskarsson offer a panoramic study of hegemony and foreign powers in the Persian Gulf, offering the most comprehensive, data-driven portrait to date of their evolving relations. The authors argue that the United States has become hegemonic in the Persian Gulf, ultimately protecting oil security for the entire global economy. Through an analysis of official and unofficial diplomatic relations, trade statistics, military records, and more, they provide a detailed account of how U.S. hegemony and oil security have grown in tandem, as, simultaneously, China and Russia have increased their political and economic presence. The book sheds light on hegemony's complexities, and challenges and reveals how local variations in power will continue to shape the Persian Gulf in the future.Trade Review"Challenged Hegemony is a tour de force. This is a major work of scholarship on the United States, primarily, along with China and Russia, as participants in the political economy and security of the Persian Gulf. Establishing the importance of the question of US hegemony in regional, as opposed to strictly global, terms, Challenged Hegemony sees more continuity than change in the role of the US in the Persian Gulf. It should be required reading for those with interests in American foreign policy, the Persian Gulf and international relations in general."—Patrick James, Dornsife Dean's Professor of International Relations, University of Southern California"This engaging book studies a key question that will be of enduring interest to academics, policymakers, and the broader public: the future of US relative power. Challenged Hegemony addresses this essential issue in a novel way, by analyzing US, Russian, and Chinese relative capabilities at the regional level. The data challenges what many analysts believe to be true and convincingly argues that the United States is not in relative decline, at least in the Middle East, but on the rise."—Mark L. Haas, Raymond J. Kelley Endowed Chair in International Relations, Duquesne UniversityTable of Contents1. Introduction 2. The United States and the Global Oil Era 3. A New Security Framework 4. The United States, Economics, and Energy 5. China's Steep Ascent in the Persian Gulf 6. Global Oil and China's Economic Penetration 7. Russia: From Cold War to the Modern Era 8. Russia's Trade and Energy Shift 9. How America, China, and Russia Have Changed 10. The Rise and Not Fall of Oil Security 11. The Travails of Hegemony: A Classic Problem 12. Conclusion
£100.00
Stanford University Press Challenged Hegemony: The United States, China,
Book SynopsisFew issues in international affairs and energy security animate thinkers more than the classic topic of hegemony, and the case of the Persian Gulf presents particularly fertile ground for considering this concept. Since the 1970s, the region has undergone tumultuous changes, with dramatic shifts in the diplomatic, military, and economic roles of the United States, China, and Russia. In this book, Steve A. Yetiv and Katerina Oskarsson offer a panoramic study of hegemony and foreign powers in the Persian Gulf, offering the most comprehensive, data-driven portrait to date of their evolving relations. The authors argue that the United States has become hegemonic in the Persian Gulf, ultimately protecting oil security for the entire global economy. Through an analysis of official and unofficial diplomatic relations, trade statistics, military records, and more, they provide a detailed account of how U.S. hegemony and oil security have grown in tandem, as, simultaneously, China and Russia have increased their political and economic presence. The book sheds light on hegemony's complexities, and challenges and reveals how local variations in power will continue to shape the Persian Gulf in the future.Trade Review"Challenged Hegemony is a tour de force. This is a major work of scholarship on the United States, primarily, along with China and Russia, as participants in the political economy and security of the Persian Gulf. Establishing the importance of the question of US hegemony in regional, as opposed to strictly global, terms, Challenged Hegemony sees more continuity than change in the role of the US in the Persian Gulf. It should be required reading for those with interests in American foreign policy, the Persian Gulf and international relations in general."—Patrick James, Dornsife Dean's Professor of International Relations, University of Southern California"This engaging book studies a key question that will be of enduring interest to academics, policymakers, and the broader public: the future of US relative power. Challenged Hegemony addresses this essential issue in a novel way, by analyzing US, Russian, and Chinese relative capabilities at the regional level. The data challenges what many analysts believe to be true and convincingly argues that the United States is not in relative decline, at least in the Middle East, but on the rise."—Mark L. Haas, Raymond J. Kelley Endowed Chair in International Relations, Duquesne UniversityTable of Contents1. Introduction 2. The United States and the Global Oil Era 3. A New Security Framework 4. The United States, Economics, and Energy 5. China's Steep Ascent in the Persian Gulf 6. Global Oil and China's Economic Penetration 7. Russia: From Cold War to the Modern Era 8. Russia's Trade and Energy Shift 9. How America, China, and Russia Have Changed 10. The Rise and Not Fall of Oil Security 11. The Travails of Hegemony: A Classic Problem 12. Conclusion
£26.99
John Wiley and Sons Ltd Oil
Book SynopsisOil pulses through our daily lives. It is the plastic we touch, the food we eat, and the way we move. Oil politics in the twentieth century was about the management of abundance, state power, and market growth. The legacy of this age of plenty includes declining conventional oil reserves, volatile prices, climate change, and enduring poverty in many oil-rich countries. The politics of oil are now at a turning point, and its future will not be like its past. In this in-depth primer to one of the world’s most significant industries, authors Gavin Bridge and Philippe Le Billon take a fresh look at the contemporary political economy of oil. Going beyond simple assertions of peak oil and an oil curse, they point to an industry reordered by global shifts in demand toward Asia, growing reliance on unconventional reserves, international commitments to reduce carbon emissions, a growing campaign for fossil fuel divestment, and violent political struggles in many producer states. As a new geopolitics of oil emerges, the need for effective global oil governance becomes imperative. Highlighting the growing influence of civil society and attentive to the efforts of firms and states to craft new institutions, this fully updated second edition identifies the challenges and opportunities to curtail price volatility, curb demand and the growth of dirty oil, decarbonize energy systems, and improve governance in oil-producing countries.Trade Review“The new edition of Oil is the best available guide to the new geopolitics of hydrocarbons.”Michael Ross, University of California Los Angeles “This trenchant analysis shows how intimately intertwined oil has become with everyday life and offers compelling reasons why things need to change. Essential reading for anyone wishing to learn more about one of society’s favorite fossil fuels.”Benjamin Sovacool, University of SussexTable of ContentsList of Figures, Tables, and Boxes Acknowledgments Introduction 1. The Nature of a Political Resource 2. Capturing Oil 3. Marketing Oil 4. Living With Oil 5. Securing Oil 6. Developing Through Oil7. Governing Oil 8. Better and Beyond: The Future of Oil Notes Selected Readings Index
£54.00
Purdue University Press Energy and Innovation: Structural Change and
Book SynopsisThe move towards sustainable energy production and use is one the most challenging and profound changes currently taking place in the world's established and emerging economies. Energy and Innovation: Structural Change and Policy Implications presents a series of informative case studies from Norway, the United Kingdom, Poland, the United States, Russia, Japan, and China that demonstrate how the pace of sustainable energy production differs by country. This variability is examined under three section headings: Part 1 - Sustainable Energy Challenges and Policies; Part 2 - Innovation Challenges in Different Economic Contexts; and, Part 3 - The Adoption of Energy Solutions by Different Technology and Organization Sectors. Part 1 examines the challenges of increasing sustainable energy production. The main themes include differences between countries in the European Union concerning energy consumption, energy security, smart metering, and resistance to change. Part 2 presents challenges to innovation in different economic systems. The authors contrast developed European and North American systems with emerging economies such as that of China. Their focus is on improving the innovation capabilities of firms and organizations through enhanced access to knowledge. Solutions include corporate collaborations with the academic sector and access to investment capital. Part 3 surveys the range of industry sectors that are adopting environmentally-friendly solutions. There is a special focus on start-up companies that are working to bring new energy-production technologies to the market.
£51.00
Society of Exploration Geophysicists Seismic Petrophysics in Quantitative
Book SynopsisExploration and characterization of conventional and unconventional reservoirs using seismic technologies are among the main activities of upstream technology groups and business units of oil and gas operators. However, these activities frequently encounter difficulties in quantitative seismic interpretation due to remaining confusion and new challenges in the fast developing field of seismic petrophysics. Seismic Petrophysics in Quantitative Interpretation shows how seismic interpretation can be made simple and robust by integration of the rock physics principles with seismic and petrophysical attributes bearing on the properties of both conventional (thickness, net/ gross, lithology, porosity, permeability, and saturation) and unconventional (thickness, lithology, organic richness, thermal maturity) reservoirs. Practical solutions to existing interpretation problems in rock physics-based amplitude versus offset (AVO) analysis and inversion are addressed in the book to streamline the workflows in subsurface characterization. Although the book is aimed at oil and gas industry professionals and academics concerned with utilization of seismic data in petroleum exploration and production, it could also prove helpful for geotechnical and completion engineers and drillers seeking to better understand how seismic and sonic data can be more thoroughly utilized.
£185.60
Bloomberg Press Investing in Energy: A Primer on the Economics of
Book Synopsis
£35.62
PennWell Books Fundamentals of Coalbed Methane Reservoir
Book SynopsisAuthor John Seidle has written this much-needed introduction to a unique unconventional gas resource for students and practicing engineers as well as a basic handbook for those who are involved in coalbed methane on a daily basis and require straightforward, practical answers in the fast-paced business world.
£151.30
PennWell Books Customer Service: Utility Style
Book SynopsisSuccessful utility customer service leaders are providing great service while reducing costs. This primer for customer service leaders at all levels outlines successful techniques for creating a customer focused culture, taking costs out of the business and maximizing technology, processes and efficiency. Readers of this book will find easy to implement, proven best practices combined with thoughtful discussions on current strategies and innovations. Additionally insights and case studies from successful utility leaders will amplify the challenges of successfully implementing these best practices. Readers of this book will learn how to: • Build an aligned motivated team • Offer new services and products to meet your customers' needs • Reduce unbilled losses in your meter to cash cycle • Create effective channel management • Define, measure and map your key customer service processes • Utilize workforce management tools
£79.90
PennWell Books Energy Efficiency: Principles and Practices
Book SynopsisThe latest book by Penni McLean-Conner is an outline for utilities, government agencies and power generators for educating consumers on conservation, better resource management, and a smaller carbon footprint. These techniques are not only of interest to the modern consumer, but also can maximize opportunities for demand-side management. Demand-side management programs are effective methods for reducing peak demand of electricity, helping to curb escalating electricity prices for consumers, allowing power generators greater control of the electrical loads and promoting overall conservation of stretched resources. This book offers proven strategies for creating, delivering and maximizing demand-side management, truly a smart approach for your organization!Table of ContentsForeword; Preface; Acknowledgments; Part One: Create an energy efficiency culture; Build the business case for energy efficiency; Understand the energy efficiency life cycle; Influence policy to support energy efficiency investment; Part Two: Deliver energy efficiency to consumers; Market barriers and assessment; Residential energy efficiency; Commercial and industrial energy efficiency; Demand response; Distributed generation; Part Three: Optimize energy efficiency performance; Participate in organizations that advance energy efficiency; Evaluate programs; Position for the future.
£70.55
PennWell Books Project Economics and Decision Analysis:
Book SynopsisIn this new second edition, M. A. Mian has expanded and updated the first volume of Project Economics and Decision Analysis by incorporating new advancements and clarifying concepts to facilitate their understanding.New to the second edition of Project Economics and Decision Analysis, Volume 1 is a section on netback pricing and indexed netback pricing. Additionally, the new edition expands the weighted average cost of capital (WACC) concept for better comprehension and to recognise its weakness in practice. The concept of unit technical cost, also known as long-run marginal cost (LRMC), has been expanded as well to aid with its calculation and application.
£110.50
PennWell Books Project Economics and Decision Analysis:
Book SynopsisIn Volume 2: Probabilistic Models, author M. A. Mian presents the concepts of decision analysis, incorporating risk and uncertainty as applied to capital investments. In the expanded and updated second edition of Volume 2, Mian integrates new advancements and clarifies concepts to facilitate their understanding. Each topic is introduced, followed by a brief discussion related to its application in practice and a solved example. Includes a companion CD with applications, spreadsheets, and tables that expand the practical application of the book's material.
£110.50
PennWell Books The Global Oil & Gas Industry: Management,
Book SynopsisDespite its size and importance, a surprising lack of basic knowledge exists about the oil and gas industry. With their timely new book, authors Andrew Inkpen and Michael H. Moffett have written a nontechnical book to help readers with technical backgrounds better understand the business of oil and gas. They describe and analyze the global oil and gas industry, focusing on its strategic, financial, and business aspects and addressing a wide range of topics organized around the oil and gas industry value chain, starting with exploration and ending with products sold to consumers. The Global Oil & Gas Industry is a single source for anyone interested in how the business of the worldís largest industry actually works: business executives, students, government officials and regulators, professionals working in the industry, and the general public.
£100.30
PennWell Books The Oil & Gas Industry: A Nontechnical Guide
Book SynopsisJoseph Hilyard’s timely new book provides a broad perspective on the oil and gas industry, with primary attention to the United States. It takes the reader on a tour of the operations used to find and evaluate resources, and then to produce, store and deliver oil and gas.The book’s main focus is primarily on the equipment and processes used in exploring new resources; evaluating promising formations; drilling wells; managing oil and gas production; converting oil and gas into products; and transporting oil and gas. Separate chapters address the evolution and current structure of the petroleum industry; oil and gas trading; and challenges likely to face the oil and gas industry in coming years.Three appendices define key industry terminology; suggest further reading on selected topics; and identify organisations that can provide more information.Table of Contents Preface Origins of oil and gas Oil overview Natural gas overview Searching for and evaluating oil and gas Drilling and completion: Onshore Drilling and completion: Offshore Managing oil and gas production Transporting oil Transporting natural gas by pipeline Transporting natural gas as LNG Converting oil into products Converting natural gas into products Petroleum industry structure Petroleum trading Emerging challenges for the petroleum industry Appendix A: Terms, abbreviations, and acronyms Appendix B: Further reading Appendix C: Organizations, agencies, and professional societies
£90.10
PennWell Books Oil Sands, Heavy Oil & Bitumen: From Recovery to Refinery
Book SynopsisUnlike conventional oil resources, “unconventional oil” resources have been known to exist only for the last few decades and are available in limited areas of the world. The most commonly known “unconventional oils”—oil sands, heavy oil, and bitumen—are found primarily in the western United States, Canada, and Venezuela. Only recently has serious consideration has been given to North American resources for meeting the increasing demands for transportation fuel. Dr. Banerjee discusses the importance of these unconventional oils and provides an introduction for those beginning their journey in the still unexplored unconventional hydrocarbon resources of the world. This new book is an important educational tool for anyone in the petroleum industry—whether upstream , downstream, or pipeline—who would like to learn the fundamentals of the most commonly known unconventional oils: oil sands, heavy oil, and bitumen
£79.90
PennWell Books International Energy Markets: Understanding
Book SynopsisIndustry leader, Carol Dahl has thoroughly revised and updated her classic text International Energy Markets: Understanding Pricing, Policies, and Profits. The second edition uses updated examples, statistics and models to explore energy policy, economics, institutions, and production in a global context. It will be of interest to anyone who wants to learn more about the global energy industry, and is a perfect classroom resource. With this book you will:• Learn the fundamentals needed to make sound economic, business, and government policy decisions relating to energy industries.• Gain a better understanding of energy markets through economics, mathematical optimization, simulation, and forecasting.• Obtain historical, institutional, engineering and technical knowledge of energy production, transportation, and transformation.• Explore models for understanding and managing energy resources in a global environment.• Understand the basics of energy generation.
£116.45
PennWell Books Smart Metering Handbook
Book SynopsisInternationally, more and more utilities, distributors and suppliers are adopting smart metering systems to manage their millions of customers more effectively. The new requirements of these markets demonstrate even more strongly how strategic a metering system becomes for utilities. If these projects are properly deployed and if certain constraints are overcome, customers and various market players can also enjoy the benefits associated with the systems and related services.Readers will gain an invaluable understanding of the environment of smart metering system platforms from an international perspective. Explanations cover management methods, opportunities, and challenges, as well as the primary components, international developments and innovations, and trends of related systems over time.Smart Metering Handbook is a must-have resource for technical and R&D managers, project managers, consultants, executives, engineers, technicians, teachers and students.
£100.30
PennWell Books Fundamentals of Oil & Gas Accounting
Book SynopsisProfessor Charlotte Wright updates her indispensable accounting book for the oil and gas industry in this upcoming sixth edition. The past several years have seen significant changes in the accounting and disclosure rules for the industry. While the book has thorough updates throughout, there are new industry issues specifically addressed from the accounting perspective. Some of the significant updates and new material include: Discussion of the significance of shale and unconventional production as it relates to accounting principles. New definitions of reserves from the Securities and Exchange Commission, and the impact on accounting processes. All citations and references align with the updated authoritative literature from the Financial Accounting Standards Board. A new chapter discussing specific issues previously unaddressed regarding property valuation in the industry. New, and updated, end-of-chapter problems. Table of Contents Upstream Oil and Gas Operations Introduction to Oil and Gas Accounting Oil and Gas Reserves Nondrilling Exploration Costs—Successful Efforts Acquisition Cost of Unproved Property—Successful Efforts Drilling and Development Costs—Successful Efforts Proved Property Cost Disposition—Successful Efforts Full Cost Accounting Production Activities and Project Analysis Asset Retirement and Environmental Obligations Impairment and Disposal of Long-Lived Assets Accounting for Revenue from Oil and Gas Sales Basic Oil and Gas Tax Accounting Joint Interest Accounting Conveyances Oil and Gas Disclosures Analysis of Oil and Gas Companies’ Financial Statements Accounting for International Petroleum Operations
£130.90
PennWell Books The Global Oil and Gas Industry: Case Studies
Book SynopsisThe Global Oil & Gas Industry: Stories from the Field relates specific examples of challenges in decision making, changing business practices, and the difficulties in executing complex projects across the global industry. From contentious border disputes over mineral rights to the emergence of industry disrupters shaking the status quo, each story presents contemporary issues to distill lessons that are transferrable to management challenges both inside and outside of the global oil and gas industry.Bestselling PennWell authors Andrew Inkpen and Michael Moffett join with industry expert Kannan Ramaswamy to provide a narrative of 18 stories, each highlighting a different aspect of the industry. This collection provides an enriching, thought-provoking look into a business that many believe to be globally mature, but as these stories intimate, are increasingly local, emerging, and evolving with the global economy.Features and Benefits: Examples of the complex business situations in oil and gas and how excellent (and sometimes less-than-excellent) leaders navigate these difficult circumstances. Insights into the decision making of oil and gas companies from around the world Different themes that span the entire industry value chain: upstream, midstream, and downstream Timeless truths for the hydrocarbon sector and for many other businesses
£67.15
Texas A & M University Press Electric City: General Electric in Schenectady
Book SynopsisFor seven decades the General Electric Company maintained its manufacturing and administrative headquarters in Schenectady, New York. Electric City: General Electric in Schenectady explores the history of General Electric in Schenectady from the company’s creation in 1892 to the present. As one of America’s largest and most successful corporations, GE built a culture centered around the social good of technology and the virtues of the people who produced it. At its core, GE culture posited that engineers, scientists, and craftsmen engaged in a team effort to produce technologically advanced material goods that served society and led to corporate profits. Scientists were discoverers, engineers were designers and problem solvers, and craftsmen were artists.Historian Julia Kirk Blackwelder has drawn on company records as well as other archival and secondary sources and personal interviews to produce an engaging and multi-layered history of General Electric’s workplace culture and its planned (and actual) effects on community life. Her research demonstrates how business and community histories intersect, and this nuanced look at race, gender, and class sets a standard for corporate history.
£27.96
Business Expert Press A Profile of the Oil and Gas Industry: Resources, Market Forces, Geopolitics, and Technology
£18.00
Business Expert Press Developing Sustainable Energy Projects in Emerging Markets
Book SynopsisThis book is an essential primer in the core principles of sustainable energy project development through concept, design, feasibility and reality and takes a holistic approach to the development and financing of such projects, setting out the technical, commercial and financial aspects in a straightforward and practical manner.It sets out a first principles-based approach to developing sustainable projects in markets which are not extensively covered by project finance handbooks and which offer a particular set of challenges to the would-be developer.Drawing from over twenty years of experience in the sustainable energy sector, this practical guide will be a valuable resource to both those considering and already involved in projects in developing and emerging countries.Readers can expect to come away with a strong foundation in a core set of guiding principles that can be applied to a wide range of sustainable energy projects in any geographical location.
£21.80
Plunkett Research Plunketts Solar Power Wind Power Renewable Energy Industry Almanac 2025
£298.26
NewSouth Publishing Big Coal: Australia's Dirtiest Habit
Book SynopsisFormer lobbyist and political insider Guy Pearse, media and politics commentator David McKnight and environment writer Bob Burton cut through the spin to expose the underbelly of an industry whose power continues to soar while its expansion feeds catastrophic climate change. They dissect the charm offensive (and muscle) the Australian coal industry uses to get its way, reveal the myth of ‘clean coal’ and chart the stratospheric rise of a new generation of coal barons. Most contentiously of all, they explore how Australia can break its dirtiest habit and move towards a prosperous, sustainable-energy future.
£18.95
University of Calgary Press Imperial Standard: Imperial Oil, Exxon, and the Canadian Oil Industry from 1880
Book SynopsisFor over 130 years, Imperial Oil dominated Canada's oil industry. Their 1947 discovery of crude oil in Leduc, Alberta transformed the industry and the country. But from 1899 onwards, two-thirds of the company was owned by an American giant, making Imperial Oil one of the largest foreign-controlled multinationals in Canada. Imperial Standard is the first full-scale history of Imperial Oil. It illuminates Imperial's longstanding connections to Standard Oil of New Jersey, also known as Exxon Mobil. Although this relationship was often beneficial to Imperial, allowing them access to technology and capital, it also came at a cost, causing Imperial to be assailed as the embodiment of foreign control of Canada's natural resources. Graham D. Taylor draws on an extensive collection of primary sources to explore the complex relationship between the two companies. This groundbreaking history provides unprecedented insight into one of Canada's most influential oil companies as it has grown and evolved with the industry itself.Table of Contents Illustrations Acknowledgements Introduction Prologue Part One: Foundations 1860-19171. Origins 2. Where Empires Collide 3. Resurrection Part Two: Before Leduc 1917-19474. Adventures in the Tropis 5. Cogs in the Wheel 6. The Winning of the West Part Three: After Leduc 1974-1980 7. Golden Age 8. Diversification 9. A More Complex World 10. Northern Visions Epilogue: Since 1980 11. The Rollder Coaster 12. Exxon and Imperial: Ties that Bind 13. A Change in the Climage Conclusion Appendices Notes Bibilography Index
£62.05
Liverpool University Press Farewell, King Coal: From Industrial Triumph to
Book SynopsisWhen the last deep coal mine in Britain closed in 2016 it marked the end of the most transformative era in the history of mankind. In writing this account of the rise and decline of the coal industry and its effects on the health of the miners, of those who worked with coal products and of almost all of us who have breathed in the pollution from its combustion, Professor Seaton points to the often hidden adverse consequences of transformative technologies. He also traces the early history of the discoveries that led to the concept of man-made climate change and discusses the converging threats to civilisation from unregulated technological advance. ‘I look back on the decline and death of the coal industry with mixed feelings and say, echoing the words of Shakespeare’s Richard II, “Farewell King Coal”. But I watch with interest the decline of oil as a fuel, soon perhaps to be followed by gas, a switch away from fossil fuels driven by understanding of climate change. This is my personal obituary of coal in the context of an individual’s medical career and a population’s increasing understanding of mankind’s place in the ecology of the Earth. It is the story of the most disruptive technology ever introduced by mankind and the consequential increasing prosperity of the western world, but also of the deaths and diseases caused by coal, its mining, utilisation and combustion, and of the scientific disputes that surrounded the medical discoveries. As such, it is an important part of the story of mankind’s unending struggle to survive on this restless planet in harmony with the animals, microbes, and plants that share it with us.’ From the Introduction by the author.Trade Review‘For the layman, this is a genuinely interesting and valuable book: it fills in a lot of information, and offers intensely relevant writing on issues which face everyone… It takes a wide view of its subject in its history (mining and transport of coal), its impact on our society (the industrial revolution, the gradual emergence of modern lifestyles powered by coal and energy from coal), the technological issues involved in finding, mining and transporting a difficult material, the growing modern realisation of the price society pays for the benefits of a coal-driven economy, and not least the problems for the human organism that a society dependent on coal faces… Not sensationally, but calmly and and clearly, this book presents to the non-specialist a welcome opportunity to sift through the welter of conflicting news and comment of every day and reflect on the need for a re-alignment of society from the days when King Coal was in the ascendant, and the problems lay in the future.’University of Edinburgh JournalTable of ContentsIntroduction. 1: Early beginnings; 2. Earth, air, fire and water: the dangerous life of the coal miner; 3. The environment, disease and social reform; 4. King Coal: the rise to power; 5. The lungs and their diseases; 6. Anthracosis - the disease that disappeared; 7. What does coal do to miners’ lungs? The Cardiff studies; 8. Tying it all up: bronchitis, emphysema and pneumoconiosis; 9. Oil, the usurper, and industrial cancers; 10. The inconvenience of the aer and smoake: the story of air pollution; 11. The story of a changing climate: the scientific discoveries; 12. The 21st century: the world and its changing climate; 13. Now it is up to us; 14. There is a Tide in the Affairs of Men. References and notes. Glossary. Index.
£48.24
Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd Water Governance: An Evaluation of Alternative
Book SynopsisEnsuring that everybody has access to drinking water, sanitation and enough nutritious food, which depends on water to grow it, are prerequisites for a healthy life. Water management is not just about the technical aspects of water supply and sanitation. It is equally about our water governance systems, including policies, regulation and societal perception of water rights. This book presents many helpful examples of how different societies are dealing with these issues and of the performance of public and private sector players in this important arena.'- Colin Chartres, International Water Management Institute (IWMI), Colombo, Sri Lanka'I congratulate the Institute of Water Policy, the two editors and the contributors for a very thoughtful book on urban water governance. Our objective is to deliver sustainable water and sanitation services to our people. This book contains useful lessons on how to achieve that objective.'- Tommy Koh, Chairman, Governing Council, Asia-Pacific Water ForumThis insightful book explores urban water governance challenges in different parts of the world and highlights the advantages and disadvantages of publicly run, privatized, and public-private partnership managed water facilities.The contributors expertly discuss various types of public and private water governance architectures as well as identifying the trends, challenges, opportunities and the shifts in perceptions with regard to the provision of water supply services. Many chapters are dedicated to analyzing the urban water supply scenarios in selected countries, with specific focus on legal, policy and institutional frameworks. The study reveals that while private sector participation has been largely promoted by multilateral institutions as part of institutional and financial reforms, ultimately governments bear the major responsibility for provision of water supply services either as 'service provider' or as 'regulator and policy-maker'.Containing a detailed overview and analysis of the global urban water supply sector, this timely book will strongly appeal to academics, researchers and university students following water-related courses. Water sector professionals, water regulators and public officers as well as managers and researchers employed by private sector water operators will also find plenty of invaluable information in this important resource.Contributors include: A. Akintoye, L. Bhullar, E. Chong, C. Dewan, S. Ferdous Hoque, V. Garcia, A. Gunawansa, A. Kajenthira, A. Mahalingham, C. Menard, S. Murthy, A. Naser, B. Olmos Giuponni, M. Paddon, E. Perard, S. Renukappa, R. Tiong, H. Tropp, A. Wong, S. ZhengTrade Review‘Ensuring that everybody has access to drinking water, sanitation and enough nutritious food, which depends on water to grow it, are prerequisites for a healthy life. Water management is not just about the technical aspects of water supply and sanitation. It is equally about our water governance systems, including policies, regulation and societal perception of water rights. This book presents many helpful examples of how different societies are dealing with these issues and of the performance of public and private sector players in this important arena.’ -- Colin Chartres, International Water Management Institute (IWMI), Colombo, Sri Lanka‘I congratulate the Institute of Water Policy, the two editors and the contributors for a very thoughtful book on urban water governance. Our objective is to deliver sustainable water and sanitation services to our people. This book contains useful lessons on how to achieve that objective.’ -- Tommy Koh, Chairman, Governing Council, Asia-Pacific Water ForumTable of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction Asanga Gunawansa, Lovleen Bhullar and Sonia Ferdous Hoque 2. Private Sector Participation in Water Supply: A Global Perspective Edouard Pérard 3. Good Governance: The Key to Solving Asia’s Water Supply Challenges Alex Wong 4. The UK Water Industry: Infrastructure, Governance and Procurement Akintola Akintoye and Suresh Renukappa 5. Performance of Urban Water Governance in France Eshien Chong 6. Water Governance in Spain: A Dynamic System in Transition Belen Olmos Giupponi 7. Urban Water Challenges in the MENA Region: Integrating Islamic Principles with Demand Management Strategies Arani Kajenthira and Sharmila Murthy 8. Implementing PPP Programs in the Urban Water and Sanitation Sector: Some Insights from the Indian Experience in Selected States Ashwin Mahalingam 9. Urban Water Governance in China: Legal and Policy Framework Lovleen Bhullar 10. Development of Public–Private Partnerships in the Water Sector in Singapore Robert L.K. Tiong, Zheng Sha and Abu Naser Chowdhury 11. Urban Water Governance in Australia: The Private Sector at the Margins Michael Paddon 12. Risks in Urban Water Reforms: A Challenge to Public–Private Partnerships Claude Ménard 13. Public and Private Interfaces: Changing International Perceptions of Public–Private Partnerships in Water Services Håkan Tropp and Camelia Dewan 14. Re-municipalization of Water Utilities: Back to the Public Fold Asanga Gunawansa and Vanessa Garcia 15. Good Governance of Water: The Final Analysis Sonia Ferdous Hoque and Asanga Gunawansa Index
£134.00
Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd International Handbook of Energy Security
Book SynopsisThis Handbook brings together energy security experts to explore the implications of framing the energy debate in security terms, both in respect of the governance of energy systems and the practices associated with energy security.The contributors expertly review and analyze the key aspects and research issues in the emerging field of energy security, test the current state of knowledge, and provide suggestions for reflection and further analysis. This involves providing an account of the multiplicity of discourses and meanings of energy security, and contextualizing them. They also suggest a rewriting of energy security discourses and their representation in purely economic terms.This volume examines energy security and its conceptual and practical challenges from the perspectives of security of supply, security of demand, environmental change and human security. It will prove essential for students in the fields of global, international and national politics of energy, economics, and society as well as engineering. It will also appeal to policy practitioners and anybody interested in keeping the lights on, avoiding climate change, and providing a secure future for humanity.Contributors: J.O. Alabi, G. Bahgat, A.V. Belyi, S.C. Bhattacharyya, A. Boey, C. Brancucci Martínez-Anido, N. Caldes, G. Campbell, A. Cherp, H. Dyer, S. Gaylord, K.J. Hancock, K. Hemmes, J. Jewell, N. Jollands, S.I. Karlsson-Vinkhuyzen, S. La Branche, Y. Lechón, P. Linares, R.D. Lipschutz, D. Mulvaney, C. Okereke, C. Paskal, I.L.G. Pearson, S. Peters, T. Romanova, J. Scheffran, S. Schott, H.R. Stephan, E. Thomson, M.J. Trombetta, J. Vogler, K. Westphal, S. Wood, T. Yusuf, P. ZeniewskiTrade Review'This Handbook should be consulted by anybody interested in the issue of energy security. It convincingly demonstrates why the provision of energy is such a contentious issue, addressing the complex interaction of economic, social, environmental, technical and political aspects involved. The book is particularly valuable in investigating and highlighting processes in which (inter)national actors apply this variety of aspects in (re)constructing their notion of 'energy security', its particular meaning and the implications thereof. Such understanding of energy security is helpful!' --Aad F. Correlje, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands'Energy security has for long been treated as an issue of pure geopolitics. Hugh Dyer and Maria Julia Trombetta aim at broadening energy security debates and extend them to new agendas. Their excellent Handbook offers a fresh perspective on four crucial dimensions: supply, demand, environment and human security. A diverse group of international energy scholars provides for an in-depth and comprehensive analysis of key contemporary energy problems, ranging from an oil producers' perspectives on energy security to ethical dimensions of renewable energy and climate governance.' --Andreas Goldthau, Central European University, HungaryTable of ContentsContents: PART I: INTRODUCTION 1. The Concept of Energy Security: Broadening, Deepening, Transforming Hugh Dyer and Maria Julia Trombetta PART II: ENERGY SECURITY ISSUES 2. Energy Security and Liberal Democracy: Ideals, Imperatives and Balancing Acts Steve Wood 3. Framing New Threats: The Internal Security of Gas and Electricity Networks in the European Union Peter Zeniewski, Carlo Brancucci Martínez-Anido and Ivan L.G. Pearson 4. Resource Conflicts: Energy Worth Fighting For? Joshua Olaniyi Alabi 5. Global Energy Supply: Scale, Perception and the Return to Geopolitics Susanne Peters and Kirsten Westphal PART III: SECURITY OF ENERGY SUPPLY 6. Securing Energy Supply: Strategic Reserves Elspeth Thomson and Augustin Boey 7. Securing Energy Supply II: Diversification of Energy Sources and Carriers Kas Hemmes 8. Energy Security Assessment Framework and Three Case Studies Aleh Cherp and Jessica Jewell 9. National Energy Strategies of Major Industrialized Countries Stephan Schott and Graham Campbell 10. Developing World: National Energy Strategies Sylvia Gaylord and Kathleen J. Hancock PART IV: SECURITY OF ENERGY DEMAND 11. Energy Demand: Security for Suppliers? Tatiana Romanova 12. Oil Producers’ Perspectives on Energy Security Gawdat Bahgat 13. Energy Security Governance in Light of the Energy Charter Process Andrei V. Belyi PART V: ENERGY, THE ENVIRONMENT AND SECURITY 14. Governance Dimensions of Climate and Energy Security John Vogler and Hannes R. Stephan 15. Energy, Climate Change and Conflict: Securitization of Migration, Mitigation and Geoengineering Jürgen Scheffran 16. Environmental Implications of Energy Production Yolanda Lechón, Natalia Caldés and Pedro Linares 17. Washing Away Energy Security: The Vulnerability of Energy Infrastructure to Environmental Change Cleo Paskal 18. Paradoxes and Harmony in the Energy-Climate Governance Nexus Stéphane La Branche PART VI: ENERGY AND HUMAN SECURITY 19. Energy Poverty: Access, Health and Welfare Subhes C. Bhattacharyya 20. Ethical Dimensions of Renewable Energy Hugh Dyer 21. Low Carbon Development and Energy Security in Africa Chukwumerije Okereke and Tariya Yusuf 22. The Road not Taken, Round II: Centralized vs. Distributed Energy Strategies and Human Security Ronnie D. Lipschutz and Dustin Mulvaney 23. Human Security and Energy Security: A Sustainable Energy System as a Public Good Sylvia I. Karlsson-Vinkhuyzen and Nigel Jollands PART VII: CONCLUSIONS 24. The Political Economy of Energy Security Hugh Dyer and Maria Julia Trombetta Index
£208.00
Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd Building Competitive Gas Markets in the EU:
Book SynopsisForeword by Walter BoltzThis highly unique book focuses on market design issues common to most EU gas markets, particularly in the context of closer integration. It explores in detail the characteristics and requirements of national gas markets in Europe, which are constructed as virtual hubs based on entry/exit schemes as a requirement of European law.The expert contributors analyze gas supply and demand patterns in the EU, showing that both have changed following the introduction of liquefied natural gas on the supply side and the growth of gas-fired power plants on the demand side. The repeated interactions between the transmission operators' activity and the gas commodity markets are addressed, as is the design of commercial networks in EU markets. The contributors also question whether the relationship between commercial and physical networks, in terms of the 'new' flexibility requirements of users, actually works. By way of conclusion, two proposals for the EU gas target model are presented, both of which tackle the fundamental issues raised in this book, as well as the organization of short-term transactions and the mechanisms for investment in vital new long-life infrastructure needed to integrate EU markets.This volume will be of great interest to practitioners, as well as academics, researchers and students in the fields of energy economics and industrial economics. Both European and non-European energy companies and regulatory authorities looking for an independent and analytical overview of European gas markets will also find this book to be a highly valuable resource.Contents: Foreword by Walter Boltz Introduction Part I: The New European Gas Market: Increased Flexibility in Both Demand and Supply 1. Introduction to Part I 2. Gas Demand: The Role of Gas-fired Power Plants 3. Gas Supply: The Role of Liquefied Natural Gas by Sophia Ruester Part II: The Role Played by Networks Regulation 4. Introduction to Part II 5. Opening a Market for Gas Flexibility? Part III: EU Regulation in the Context of the EU Target Model 6. Introduction to Part III 7. A Vision for the EU Gas Target Model: MECO-S 8. An American Model for the EU Gas Market? by Sergio Ascari Conclusions Bibliography IndexTrade Review‘The book represents a valuable work for scholars and students who are interested to better understand the European gas markets and regulations as well as existing debates about gas market models. The book balances general ideas and concepts with rather detailed description of speci?c regulatory mechanisms.’ -- Andrei V. Belyi, Journal of World Energy Law & BusinessTable of ContentsForeword by Walter Boltz Contents: Foreword by Walter Boltz Introduction Part I: The New European Gas Market: Increased Flexibility in Both Demand and Supply 1. Introduction to Part I 2. Gas Demand: The Role of Gas-fired Power Plants 3. Gas Supply: The Role of Liquefied Natural Gas by Sophia Ruester Part II: The Role Played by Networks Regulation 4. Introduction to Part II 5. Opening a Market for Gas Flexibility? Part III: EU Regulation in the Context of the EU Target Model 6. Introduction to Part III 7. A Vision for the EU Gas Target Model: MECO-S 8. An American Model for the EU Gas Market? by Sergio Ascari Conclusions Bibliography Index
£105.00
