Electrical engineering Books
Books on Demand Radios der 50er Jahre Band 2: Detaillierte
Book Synopsis
£26.55
PHI Learning Photovoltaic Systems: Analysis and Design
Book SynopsisA comprehensive book on solar cells and PV technology, covering solar radiation, cell characterization, inverter types, system design, economic aspects, grid integration, and design procedures. Suitable for students and professionals in engineering, with figures, circuit diagrams, design examples, problems, and references.
£24.99
River Publishers Cloud Native Networking Deep-Dive
Book SynopsisThis book demystifies how Kubernetes networking actually works by walking through a simple but practical simulation that mirrors reality as closely as possible, while skipping the gory details.Widespread adoption of container orchestration platforms like Kubernetes have spawned a whole field of industry products, startups and academic research in the field of container networking, typically termed as cloud-native networking. But, what is cloud-native networking? What are the various pieces and how do they fit together?Over recent years, most applications have been deployed on cloud infrastructure. Kubernetes has been the widely adopted orchestrator for these clouds. Application developers in most cases are unaware of the underlying plumbing in Kubernetes that holds their applications running as containers. Networking is an integral part of any Kubernetes environment and efficiently drives the various abstractions provided by it. Needless to say, it greatly effects the performance of applications, which in general have a humongous amount of inter-microservice communication. The impact is even more profound in multiple cloud environments.Table of Contents1. Introduction to Kubernetes Concepts 2. Workers and Containers 3. Container–Container Networking 4. Services 5. Exposing Services 6. Multi-cluster Networking
£52.24
River Publishers Multirate Signal Processing for Communication
Book SynopsisMultirate Signal processing can improve system performance and reduce costs in applications ranging from laboratory instruments, cable modems, wireless systems, satellites, Radar, Sonar, and consumer entertainment products. This second edition continues to offer a systematic, clear, and intuitive introduction.
£40.84
River Publishers Circuit Design Considerations for Implantable
Book SynopsisImplantable devices are a unique area for circuit designers. A comprehensive understanding of design trade-offs at the system level is important to ensure device success. Circuit Design Considerations for Implantable Devices provides knowledge to CMOS circuit designers with limited biomedical background to understand design challenges and trade-offs for implantable devices, especially neural interfacing.Technical topics discussed in the book include: Neural interface Neural sensing amplifiers Electrical stimulation Embedded Signal Analysis Wireless Power Transmission to mm-Sized Free-Floating Distributed Implants Next Generation Neural Interface ElectronicsTable of ContentsCircuit Design Considerations for Implantable Devices
£71.99
Taylor & Francis Ltd Charge-Coupled Device Technology
Book SynopsisThis title contains the most up-to-date and comprehensive information on the development of the Charge-Coupled Device (CCD), which makes possible the widespread use of consumer camcorders and broadcasting color cameras. It is comprehensive enough to be of great value to researchers, industrialists and post-graduate students in image technology.Table of ContentsPreface to the Series, Preface, Acknowledgments, 1. Introduction, 2. Structure and Operation of CCD Image Sensor, 3. CCD Area Sensor, 4. The CCD Manufacturing Process, 5. Process Modeling and Simulation with the SPADES Simulator, 6. Imaging and Signal Processing, 7. CCD Camera and Applications, 8. CCD Delay Line and CCD Linear Sensor, 9. Conclusion, References, Index
£133.00
Springer Verlag, Singapore Proceedings of the 19th Asia Pacific Automotive Engineering Conference & SAE-China Congress 2017: Selected Papers
Book SynopsisThis Proceedings volume gathers outstanding papers submitted to the 19th Asia Pacific Automotive Engineering Conference & 2017 SAE-China Congress, the majority of which are from China – the largest car-maker as well as most dynamic car market in the world. The book covers a wide range of automotive topics, presenting the latest technical advances and approaches to help technicians solve the practical problems that most affect their daily work.Table of ContentsA Study on a Carmakers Brake Pedal Feel DNA.- Road Noise Prediction Based on FRF-Based Substructuring Method.- A Simple Theory of Fuel Escape from Combustion Room.- Development of a Water Cooled Condenser.- End to End Adaptive Cruise Control Based on Timing Network.- Intelligent Laser Solutions for Automotive Manufacturing.
£161.99
Springer Verlag, Singapore Electronic Systems and Intelligent Computing: Proceedings of ESIC 2020
Book SynopsisThis book presents selected, high-quality research papers from the International Conference on Electronic Systems and Intelligent Computing (ESIC 2020), held at NIT Yupia, Arunachal Pradesh, India, on 2 – 4 March 2020. Discussing the latest challenges and solutions in the field of smart computing, cyber-physical systems and intelligent technologies, it includes papers based on original theoretical, practical and experimental simulations, developments, applications, measurements, and testing. The applications and solutions featured provide valuable reference material for future product development. Table of ContentsA Reliable and Secure Wireless Network for VoIP Application.- Interdisciplinary Approaches Incorporating Computational Intelligence in Modern Pharmacognosy to Address Biological Problems.- Solar Power Plant Site Selection: A Systematic Literature Review on MCDM Techniques Used.- Biometrics Based Pig Identification: From Invention to Commercialisation.- Optimal Placement of FACTS Devices in the Power System Using ANN to Increase the System Loadability.- Impact of Noise Levels on SVM-GMM based Speaker Recognition System.- Implementation of Perturbation Based MPPT Technique Using Model Based Design.- Modified Aggressive Packet Combining Scheme with Repetition Code for Throughput Enhancement in High Error Rate Channel.- Development of Image Based Disease Scale of Phoma Blight of Potato using K-means Clustering.
£161.99
Springer Verlag, Singapore Wireless Power Transfer Technologies for Electric Vehicles
Book SynopsisThis book introduces the most state-of-the-art wireless power transfer technologies for electric vehicles from the fundamental theories to practical designs and applications, especially on the circuit analysis methods, resonant compensation networks, magnetic couplers, and related power electronics converters. Moreover, some other necessary design considerations, such as communication systems, detection of foreign and living objects, EMI issues, and battery charging strategies, are also introduced to provide sufficient insights into the industrial applications. Finally, some future points are mentioned in brief. Different from other works, all the WPT technologies in this book are applied in real EV applications, whose effectiveness and reliability have been already tested and verified. From this book, readers who are interested in the area of wireless power transfer can have a broad view of modern WPT technologies. Readers who have no experience in the WPT area can learn the basic concept, analysis methods, and design principles of the WPT system for EV charging. Even for the readers who are occupied in this area, this book also provides rich knowledge on engineering applications and future trends of EV wireless charging. Table of ContentsIntroduction.- Basic Concepts of Static/Dynamic Wireless Power Transfer for Electric Vehicles.- Resonant Circuit Analysis Theories.- Resonant Compensation Topologies.- Magnetic Couplers.- Soft Switching.- Communication System.
£116.99
Pan Stanford Publishing Pte Ltd Plasmonics and Super-Resolution Imaging
Book SynopsisPlasmonics is an emerging field mainly developed within the past two decades. Due to its unique capabilities to manipulate light at deep subwavelength scales, plasmonics has been commonly treated as the most important part of nanophotonics. Plasmonic-assisted optical microscopy techniques, especially super-resolution microscopy, have shown tremendous potential and attracted much attention. This book aims to collect cutting-edge studies in various optical imaging technologies with advanced performances that are enabled or enhanced by plasmonics. The basic working principles, development details, and potential future direction and perspectives are discussed. Edited by Zhaowei Liu, a prominent researcher in the field of super-resolution microscopy, this book will be an excellent reference for anyone in the field of nanophotonics, plasmonics, and optical microscopy.Trade ReviewThis is a book dedicated to the applications of plasmonics (the propagation of electromagnetic fields in nanosized structures) in high-resolution imaging, which is a hot topic in optics.The book is divided into three main parts, with the first part (chapters 1-3) dealing with plasmonic concepts and devices for super-resolution in microscopy, such as superlenses, metalenses and hyperlenses. The second part of the book (chapters 4-9) is dedicated to applications of plasmonics in various imaging methods such as structured illumination microscopy, stimulated emission depletion microscopy, and single-molecule spectroscopy. The last part of the book (chapters 10-12) is dedicated to applications in nanotechnology, plasmonic coloring and bioimaging.The book is written by experts in the field, is beautifully illustrated, and is a must for anyone interested in modern topics in optics.Review by Daniela Dragoman, University of Bucharest, RomaniaTable of ContentsThe Far-Field Superlens. Beating the Diffraction Limit with Positive Refraction: The Resonant Metalens Approach. Ultrathin Metalenses and Three-Dimensional Optical Holography Using Metasurfaces. Plasmonic-Structured Illumination Microscopy. Optical Super-Resolution Imaging Using Surface Plasmon Polaritons. Hyperlenses and Metalenses. Modeling Linear and Nonlinear Hyperlens Structures. Nanoparticle-Assisted Stimulated Emission Depletion (STED) Super-Resolution Nanoscopy. Lab-on-Antennas: Plasmonic Antennas for Single-Molecule Spectroscopy. Plasmonic Lenses for High-Throughput Nanolithography. Plasmonic Nanoresonators for Spectral Color Filters and Structural Colored Pigments. Plasmonic Microscopy for Biomedical Imaging.
£151.05
Pan Stanford Publishing Pte Ltd Josephson Junctions: History, Devices, and
Book SynopsisThis book summarizes the history and present status and applications of Josephson junctions. These devices are leading elements in superconducting electronics and provide state-of-the-art performance in detection of small magnetic fields and currents, in several digital computing methods, and in medical diagnostic devices and now provide voltage standards used worldwide. Astronomical infrared (IR) telescopes, including the South Pole Telescope, use these junctions in combinations called superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs).Table of ContentsThe Theoretical Discovery of the Josephson Effect. Introduction to Refractory Josephson Junctions. Tunnel Junctions on Niobium Using Aluminum: Experiment. Tunnel Junctions on Niobium Using Aluminum: Theory. The Trace That Launched a Thousand Chips: Development of Nb/Al-oxide-Nb Technology. Refractory Niobium Nitride NbN Josephson Junctions and Applications. Applications in Supeconducting SIS Mixers and Oscillators, toward Integrated Receivers. Application in Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices SQUIDs. Application in Adiabatic Quantum Annealing. Application to Josephson Voltage Standards.
£90.25
Jenny Stanford Publishing Random Number Generators on Computers
Book SynopsisThis monograph proves that any finite random number sequence is represented by the multiplicative congruential (MC) way. It also shows that an MC random number generator (d, z) formed by the modulus d and the multiplier z should be selected by new regular simplex criteria to give random numbers an excellent disguise of independence. The new criteria prove further that excellent subgenerators (d1,z1) and (d2,z2) with coprime odd submoduli d1 and d2 form an excellent combined generator (d = d1d2,z) with high probability by Sunzi's theorem of the 5th-6th centuries (China), contrasting the fact that such combinations could never be found with MC subgenerators selected in the 20th-century criteria. Further, a combined MC generator (d = d1d2,z) of new criteria readily realizes periods of 252 or larger, requiring only fast double-precision arithmetic by powerful Sunzi's theorem. We also obtain MC random numbers distributed on spatial lattices, say two-dimensional 4000 by 4000 lattices which may be tori, with little pair correlations of random numbers across the nearest neighbors. Thus, we evade the problems raised by Ferrenberg, Landau, and Wong.
£83.15
Springer Verlag, Singapore Intelligent Sustainable Systems: Proceedings of ICISS 2023
Book SynopsisThis book features research papers presented at the 6th International Conference on Intelligent Sustainable Systems (ICISS 2023), held at SCAD College of Engineering and Technology, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India, during February 2–3, 2023. The book reports research results on the development and implementation of novel systems, technologies, and applications that focus on the advancement of sustainable living. The chapters included in this book discuss a spectrum of related research issues such as applications of intelligent computing practices that can have ecological and societal impacts. Moreover, this book emphasizes on the state-of-the-art networked and intelligent technologies that are influencing a promising development in the direction of a long-term sustainable future. The book is beneficial for readers from both academia and industry.Table of ContentsImage Processing-Based Solution to Repel Crop-Damaging Wild Animals.- SDN Framework for Efficient Latency-aware Topology Discovery in ISTN.- Recommendation System Based on Clustering Techniques using Collaborative Filtering Method.- Compartmented Proactive Secret Sharing Scheme.- DevOps Challenges and Practices in Software Engineering.- The Effects of Climate Change on Crop Yield.- Finetuned-VGG16 CNN model for Tissue Classification of Colorectal Cancer.- Effective Heart Disease Prediction and Classification using Intelligent System.- A Machine Learning Approach for Aeroponic Lettuce Crop Growth Monitoring System.- A Novel Approach for Privacy Preserving Technique in IoT Fog and Cloud Environment.- IoT-Based Fertilizer Recommendation System Using a Hybrid Boosting Algorithm.- Development of a System for Controlling IoT Devices using Gaze Tracking.- Towards Human-Like Robotic Grasping for Industrial Applications Using Computer Vision.- An Extensive Study on Unattended Object Detection in Video Surveillance.- Analysis of Digital Data on Social Network TikTok during COVID-19.- An Hybrid Edge Algorithm For Vehicle License Plate Detection.- Gesture Controlled Drone Swarm System for Violence Detection using Machine Learning for Women Safety.- Healthcare System Modeling and Security Engineering.
£179.99
Columbia University Press Let There Be Light
Book SynopsisLet There Be Light is a groundbreaking history of electrification in Hong Kong. Mark L. Clifford traces how a power company and its visionary founder jumpstarted the British colony’s postwar economic rise and set in motion far-reaching political and social change.Trade ReviewLet There Be Light is a cultural, business, and political history of the world’s single most indispensable technology—electricity generation—in a great city that it helped create. This elegantly written, deeply researched, and thoughtful book offers, in microcosm, a global vision of development, finance, and state engagement with the economy. -- Thomas W. Laqueur, author of The Work of the Dead: A Cultural History of Mortal RemainsAn insightful and vivid history. Mark Clifford challenges the conventional view of Hong Kong as a laissez-faire state. He shows instead the complex and successful collaboration between its government and its most important industry—electricity. At the center stands Lawrence Kadoorie—a colonial British capitalist at the door of communist China, a Jewish entrepreneur in a city riven with antisemitism. This is a valuable history of business and of technology—and of Hong Kong’s and China’s rise. -- Jonathan Kaufman, author of The Last Kings of Shanghai: The Rival Jewish Dynasties That Helped Create Modern ChinaBeautifully written and rich in fascinating detail, Let There Be Light tells the history of China Light & Power—a company that shaped modern Hong Kong. With scholarly rigor and a journalist’s flair for storytelling, Clifford chronicles the central role a company and its people played in building one of the world’s great cities. An impressive achievement and essential reading for anyone interested in electricity markets, Hong Kong history, or the relationship between businesses and governments more broadly. -- David Sandalow, author of Guide to Chinese Climate PolicyTable of Contents1. Private Light and Colonial Power2. In the Beginning: China Light & Power, 1900–19403. War, Occupation, and New Possibilities, 1941–19464. “The Problem of People,” 1947–19585. Electricity as a Political Project, 1959–19646. “Die-Hard Reactionary” in the Expanding Colonial State, 1964–19737. “Intelligent Anticipation” for “1997 and All That,” 1974–19828. Sing the City ElectricAcknowledgmentsNotesBibliographyIndex
£93.60
John Wiley & Sons Inc Applications of High Temperature Superconductors
Book SynopsisThis book provides a the only one-stop reference to illustrating design, analysis, and manufacturing concepts for different power devices utilizing HTS. Engineers at OEM, utilities, industry, and universities will be able to understand the basic theory and perform design and analysis for different devices.Table of ContentsPREFACE. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. Abbreviations. CHAPTER 1 Introduction. CHAPTER 2 HTS Superconductors. 2.1 Introduction. 2.2 HTS Background and Nomenclature. 2.2.1 Background. 2.2.2 Nomenclature. 2.3 BSCCO-2212 Conductors. 2.4 BSCCO-2223 OPIT Wires. 2.4.1 Manufacturing Process. 2.4.2 Characteristics - Electrical and Mechanical. 2.5 YBCO-123 Coated Conductors. 2.6 Magnesium Diboride (MgB2). 2.7 State-of-the-art of Various HTS Conductors. 2.8 Superconducting Magnet Design. 2.9 Summary. References. CHAPTER 3 Cooling and Thermal Insulation Systems. 3.1 Introduction. 3.2 Anatomy of a Cryostat. 3.3 Cryogenic Fluids for Cooling HTS Magnets. 3.4 Direct Cooling with Cryogens. 3.5 Indirect or Conduction Cooling. 3.6 Refrigeration Systems. 3.6.1 Gifford-McMahon (G-M) Cryocoolers. 3.6.2 Stirling Coolers. 3.6.3 Pulse Tube Coolers. 3.7 Open Loop Cooling with Liquid Nitrogen. 3.8 Magnet Materials. 3.9 Current Leads. 3.9.1 Design of Conduction Cooled Leads. 3.10 Example Cryostat Design. 3.10.1 Configuration. 3.10.2 Thermal Load Calculations. 3.10.2.1 Radiation Thermal Load Through MLI. 3.10.3 Current Leads. 3.10.4 Conduction. 3.10.5 Selection of Refrigerator. 3.11 Summary. References. CHAPTER 4 Rotating AC Machines. 4.1 Introduction. 4.2 Topology. 4.3 Analysis and Parameter Calculations. 4.3.1 Magnetic Circuit and Harmonic Components. 4.3.2 Parameter Calculations. 4.3.3 Machine Terminal Parameters. 4.4 Design. 4.4.1 Stator Winding Design Issues. 4.4.2 Field Winding Design Issues. 4.4.3 Electromagnetic (EM) Shield Design Issues. 4.4.4 Loss and Efficiency Calculations. 4.4.5 Example Design. 4.5 Manufacturing Issues. 4.5.1 Superconducting Field Winding and Its Cooling Systems. 4.5.2 Torque Transfer from Col Field Winding to Warm Shaft. 4.5.3 Stator Winding. 4.6 Simulation. 4.7 Generators. 4.7.1 High Speed Generators. 4.7.2 Low Speed Generators. 4.8 Motors. 4.8.1 High Speed Motors. 4.8.2 Low Speed Motors. 4.9 Summary. References. CHAPTER 5 Rotating DC Homoploar Machines. 5.1 Introduction. 5.5 Principle. 5.3 Configuration. 5.4 Design Challenges. 5.5 Prototypes. 5.6 Summary. References. CHAPTER 6 Synchronous AC Homoploar Machines. 6.1 Introduction. 6.2 Principle. 6.3 Design. 6.4 Design Challenges. 6.5 Prototypes. 6.6 Summary. References. CHAPTER 7 Transformers. 7.1 Introduction. 7.2 Configuration. 7.3 Design Analysis. 7.3.1 50MVA Example Design. 7.4 Challenges. 7.5 Manufacturing Issues. 7.6 Prototypes. 7.7 Summary. References. CHAPTER 8 Fault Current Limiters. 8.1 Introduction. 8.2 Principle and Configuration. 8.2.1 Resistive Fault Current Limiters (R-FCL). 8.2.2 Inductive FCL with Shielded Iron Core. 8.2.3 Inductive FCL with Saturated Iron Core. 8.3 Design Analysis. 8.3.1 Example Design - Resistive FCL. 8.3.2 Example Design - Saturated Core FCL. 8.4 Challenges. 8.4.1 Challenges of Resistive FCL. 8.4.2 Challenges of Inductive FCL. 8.5 Manufacturing Issues. 8.6 Prototypes. 8.6.1 AMSC’s Fault Current Limiter. 8.6.2 Superpower’s Fault Current Limiter. 8.6.3 Zenergy Power’s Fault Current Limiter. 8.6.4 Nexans’s Fault Current Limiter. 8.7 Summary. References. CHAPTER 9 Power Cables. 9.1 Introduction. 9.2 Configurations. 9.2.1 Resistive Cryogenic Cable. 9.2.2 HTS Cables. 9.3 Design Analysis. 9.3.1 Cryogenic Cable Analysis. 9.3.2 HTS Cable Analysis. 9.3.2.1 HTS Coaxial Cable - High Voltage. 9.3.2.2 HTS Coaxial Cable - Medium Voltage. 9.3.2.3 TriaxTM HTS Cable - Medium Voltage. 9.4 Challenges. 9.4.1 Resistive Cryogenic Cable. 9.4.2 HTS Cable. 9.5 Manufacturing Issues. 9.5.1 Resistive Cryogenic Cable. 9.5.2 HTS Cable. 9.6 Prototypes. 9.6.1 Resistive Cryogenic Cable. 9.6.2 HTS Cable - High Voltage. 9.6.3 HTS Cable - Medium Voltage. 9.6.4 TriaxTM HTS Cable - Medium Voltage. 9.7 Summary. References. CHAPTER 10 Maglev Transport. 10.1 Introduction. 10.2 Configuration. 10.2.1 Electro-dynamic Suspension (EDS). 10.2.2 Electro-magnetic Suspension (EMS) . 10.3 Design Analysis. 10.3.1 Electro-dynamic Suspension Maglev. 10.3.2 Electro-magnetic Suspension Maglev. 10.4 Challenges (Technical/Economic). 10.4.1 EDS System Challenges. 10.4.2 EMS System Challenges. 10.5 Manufacturing Issues. 10.6 Prototypes. 10.6.1 Northrop Grumman Concept. 10.7 Summary. References. CHAPTER 11 Other Applications of HTS. 11.1 Introduction. 11.2 Air-Core Magnets. 11.2.1 High Field Magnets. 11.2.2 Low Field Magnets. 11.3 Iron-Core Magnets. 11.3.1 Beam Bending. 11.3.2 Induction Heating. 11.3.3 Synchrotron. 11.4 Challenges. 11.5 Summary. About the Author. INDEX.
£95.36
John Wiley & Sons Inc Advances in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells V Volume 30
Book SynopsisThis volume contains twenty four papers with contributions on various aspects of solid oxide fuel cells that were discussed at the symposium.You will gain insight into the current status of solid oxide fuel cells technology and the latest developments in the areas of fabrication, characterization, testing, performance, electrodes, electrolytes, seals, cell and stack development, proton conductors, fuel reforming, mechanical behavior, powder synthesis, etc.Table of ContentsPreface. Introduction. Cell and Stack Development/Performance. Development of Novel Pianar Nano-Structured SOFCs. (Tim Van Gestel, Doris Sebold, Wilhelm A. Meulenberg, and Hans-Peter Buchkremer). Advanced Cell Development for Increased Direct JP-8 Performance in the Liquid Tin Anode SOFC. (M.T. Koslowske, W.A. McPhee, L.S. Bateman, M. J. Slaney, J. Bentley, and T.T. Tao). Fundamentals of Liquid Tin Anode Solid Oxide FUel Cell (LTA_SOFC) Operation. (Randall Gemmen, Harry Abernathy, Kirk Gerdes, Mark Koslowske, William A. McPhee, and Tomas Tao). A No Chamber Fuel Cell Using Ethanol as Flame. (Kang Wang, Jeongmin Ahn, and Zongping Shao). Characterization/Testing. Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy for Investigation of SOFC Cathodes. (Kevin S. Blinn, Harry W. Abemathy, and Meilin Liu). Characterization of an Anode-Supported Planar Solid Oxide Fuel Cell with a Porosity Concentration Gradient. (Chung Min An, Jung-Hoon Song, Inyoung Kang, and Nigel Sammes). Impact of Protective and Contacting Layers on the Long-Term SOFC Operation. (Mihailis Kusnezoff, Stefan Megel, Viktar Sauchuk, Egle Girdauskaite, Wieland Beckert, and Andreas Reinert). Curvature Evolution and Control in Anode Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cells.(Marco Cologna, Anna Rite Contino, Vencenzo M. Sglavo, Stefano Modena, Serglo Ceschini, and Massimo Bertoldi). Phase-Boundary Grooving at Surfaces of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Materials. (Sanjit Bhowmick, Jessica L. Riesterer, Yuan Xue, and C. Barry Carter). Electrodes. Mixed Proton-Oxide Ion-Electron Conducting Cathode for SOFCs Based on Oxide Proton Conductors. (Lei Yang, Shizhong Wang, Ze Liu, Chendong Zuo, and Mellin Liu). Permeation and Stability Investigation of Ba95Sr95Ci66Fe02O35 Membrances for Oxy-Fuel Processes. (A. Ellett, D. Schlehuber, L. Singheiser and T. Markus). Numerical Continuum Modeling and Simulation of Mixed-Conducting Thin Film and Patterned Electrodes. (Matthew E. Lynch, David S. Mebane, and Meilin Liu). Laminar Flow and Total Pressure Effects in Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Electrode Pores and Their Effects on Voltage-Current Characteristics. (V. Hugo Schmidt, R.R. Chien, and Laura M. Lediaev). Oxide/Proton Conductors. Termperature and Pressure Assisted Cubic to Rhombohedral Phase Trasition in So91Ce231ZrO2 by Micro-Raman. (Svetlana Lukich, Cassandra Carpenter, and Nina Orlovskaya). Synthesis and Activity of Cobait-Doped Barium Cerium Zirconate for Catalysis and Proton Conduction. (Aravind Suresh, Joysurya Basu, Nigel M. Sammes, C. Barry Carter, and Benjamin A. Wihite). In Situ X-ray Diffraction and Raman Spectroscopy of LIF-Added Ba(Zr7Ce1Y2)O23 Ceramics. (C.S. Tu, S.C Lee, C.C. Huang, R.R. Chien, V.H. Schmidt, and C.L Tsai). Seals. Sealing Glasses for SOFC - Degradation Behaviour. (Jochen Schilm, Axel Rost, Mihailis Kusnezoff, and Alexander Michaelis). Determination of Fracture Strength of Glass Ceramic Sealant Used in SOFC. (Kais Hbaleb). Creep Behavior of Glass/Ceramic Sealant Used in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells. (W.N. Liu, X. Sun, B Koeppel, and M.A. Khaleel). Thermal Cycle Durability of Glass/Ceramic Composite Gas-Tight Seals on Metal Substrates. (Selichi Suda, Masahiko Matsumiya, Koichi Kawahara, and Kaori Jono). Mechanical Behavior. Mechanical Properties of Cathode-interconect Interfaces in Planar SOFCs. (Yanli Wang, Beth L. Armstrong, Rosa M. Trejo, Jianming Bai, Thomas R. Watkins, and Edgar Lara Curzio). Materials Synthesis. Synthesis and Characterization of Oxide Nanoparticles for Energy Applications. (Joysurya Basu, Jonathan P Winterstein, Sanjit Bhowmick, and C. Barry Carter). Glycine-Nitrate Synthesis and Characterization of Ba(Zr08-xCexYo2)O2. (R.R. Chien, V. Hugo Schmidt, S.C. Lee, C.C. Huang, and Stachus P. Tu). Fuel Reforming. Carbon Dioxide Reforming of Methance on Nickel- Ceria-Based Oxide Cermet Anode for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells. (Mitsunobu Kawano, Hiroyuki Yoshida, Koji Hashino, Toru Inagaki, Hideyuki Nagahara, and Hiroshi Ijichi). Author Index.
£86.36
John Wiley & Sons Inc Understanding Electric Power Systems
Book SynopsisA COMPREHENSIVE LOOK IN LAYMAN''S TERMS AT THE MANY ASPECTS OF THE PROVISION OF ELECTRIC POWER, BY TWO VETERAN EXECUTIVES AND RESPECTED EXPERTS Technological advances and changes in government policy and regulation have altered the electric power industry in recent years and will continue to impact it for quite some time. Fully updated with the latest changes to regulation, structure, and technology, this new edition of Understanding Electric Power Systems offers a real-world view of the industry, explaining how it operates, how it is structured, and how electricity is regulated and priced. It includes extensive references for the reader and will be especially useful to lawyers, government officials, regulators, engineers, and students, as well as the general public. The book explains the physical functioning of electric power systems, the electric power business in today''s environment, and the related institutions, including recent changes in the roles of the FTable of ContentsPreface to the Second Edition xv Acknowledgments xix Chapter 1 Benefits of Electric Power and a History of the Electric Power Industry 1 1.1 Societal Benefits of Electricity 1 1.2 Origin of the Industry 2 1.3 The Development of the National Electric Power Grid 5 1.4 “The Golden Age” 8 Blackouts and the Reliability Crisis 9 The Environmental Crises—The Shift to Low-Sulfur Oil 10 The Fuel Crisis—The Shift from Oil 10 The Financial Crisis 11 The Legislative and Regulatory Crisis 12 1.5 Global Warming Crisis and Concerns about Carbon Emissions 13 1.6 Restructuring, Competition, and the Industry 13 Ownership Structure Chapter 2 The Electric Power System 15 2.1 The Customers 16 2.2 Sources of the Electric Energy—Generation 17 2.3 The Delivery System 20 Interconnections 24 The Grid 24 Chapter 3 Basic Electric Power Concepts 27 3.1 Electric Energy 28 3.2 Concepts Relating to the Flow of Electricity 30 Direct Current (DC) 31 Alternating Current (AC) 31 Three Phases 33 Synchronism 34 3.3 Characteristics of AC Systems 34 Resistance 34 Induction and Inductive Reactance 35 Capacitance and Capacitive Reactance 36 Impedance 38 3.4 Ohm’s Law for Alternating Current 38 3.5 Power in Alternating Current Circuits 39 Real Power 40 Reactive Power 40 Transformers 42 3.6 Power Flow 43 Division of Power Flow 43 Voltage Drop and Reactive Power Flow 44 3.7 Stability 44 Automatic Generation Controls (AGC) 46 Results of Instability 47 Chapter 4 Electric Energy Consumption 49 4.1 End Uses for Electricity 49 4.2 Customer Classes 50 4.3 Rate Classes 51 4.4 Demand and Energy 51 Energy 52 Effects of Load Diversity 53 4.5 System Load 55 Load Management 57 4.6 Reactive Load 59 4.7 Losses and Unaccounted-For Energy in the Delivery System 59 4.8 Forecasts 61 Chapter 5 Electric Power Generation and Concerns About Greenhouse Gases 65 5.1 Generation’s Role 65 5.2 Types of Generation 66 5.3 Thermal Conversion: Using Fuel as the Energy Resource 69 Steam Cycle—Steam Turbines 69 Combustion (Gas) Turbines 70 Combined Cycle 71 Nuclear 72 Reciprocating Engines 73 Microturbines 74 Combined Heat and Power (CHP) or Cogeneration 74 5.4 Thermal Conversion: Nonfuel Heat Sources 74 Geothermal 74 Solar Thermal Generation 75 5.5 Mechanical Energy Conversion 75 Hydroturbines and Hydropumped Storage 75 Wind Turbines 77 Distributed Generation and Other Sources 78 5.6 Renewable Technologies and Greenhouse Gas Emissions 79 Supply-Side Options to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions 79 Financial Options to Reduce Carbon Emissions 83 5.7 Characteristics of Generating Plants 84 Size 85 Efficiency 87 Availability 88 Schedulable and Unschedulable Units 90 5.8 Capital Cost of Generation 90 5.9 Generator Life Extension 91 5.10 The Technology of Generation 91 Synchronous Generators 91 Variable Frequency and Direct Current Generation 92 5.11 System Needs and Evaluation of Intermittent Resources 93 Chapter 6 The Technology of the Electric Transmission System 97 6.1 Components 97 6.2 HVAC 98 Overhead Lines 98 Overhead Line Capability—Ratings 99 Transmission Cable 101 Cable Capacity 101 Submarine Cables 102 Superconducting Cables 102 6.3 Substations 102 Substation Equipment 103 Substation Circuit Breaker Arrangements 108 Transmission System Aging 108 6.4 HVDC 108 6.5 Advantages of AC over DC Operation 110 Advantages of HVDC 111 Disadvantages of HVDC 112 6.5 Knowledge Required of Transmission Systems 113 Chapter 7 Distribution 115 7.1 Function of Distribution 115 7.2 Primary Distribution Feeders 116 Radial Systems 116 Loop Systems 117 Primary Network Systems 117 Secondary Systems 117 7.3 Distribution Capacity 118 7.4 Losses 119 7.5 Distribution Facility Ratings 119 7.6 Metering 120 7.7 Control of Distribution Voltages 120 Distribution Transformers 121 Voltage Regulators 122 Capacitors 123 7.8 Distribution System Reliability 123 7.10 Quality of Service 124 7.11 Design of Distribution Systems 125 7.12 Distributed Generation 125 7.13 Operation of Distribution Systems 126 7.14 Smart Grids and Microgrids 127 Chapter 8 Energy Storage and Other New Technologies 129 8.1 Energy Storage 131 Benefits of Energy Storage to Generation 131 Benefits of Energy Storage to Transmission and Distribution 132 8.2 Energy Storage Concepts and Technologies 133 Mechanical Systems 133 Thermal Energy Storage 136 Chemical Energy Storage 138 Batteries 138 Hydrogen Energy Storage Systems 139 Electrical Storage 140 Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage 141 Power Conversion Equipment 141 The Future for Energy Storage 142 8.3 Smart Grid 142 Microgrids 146 8.4 New Nuclear Plant Designs 146 8.5 Carbon Sequestration and Clean Coal Technologies 150 8.6 Superconductors 153 Chapter 9 Reliability 155 9.1 Causes of Outages 155 9.2 Costs of Power Outages 157 9.3 Ways to Measure Reliability 158 9.4 Planning and Operating a Reliable and Adequate 159 Power System Generation 164 Transmission 165 Distribution 166 9.5 Summary 166 Chapter 10 The Physical Network: The North American Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC) and Its Standards 167 10.1 NERC as Electric Reliability Organization 169 10.2 NERC Standards 171 Functional Model 171 10.3 Development of Standards 176 Reliability Principles 177 Market Interface Principles 177 Compliance with NERC Standards 179 Other NERC Responsibilities 179 The Future 180 Chapter 11 The Physical Network: Operation of the Electric Bulk Power 181 11.1 Balancing Authorities 181 Area Control 182 Operating Reserves 184 11.2 Reliability Coordinators 184 11.3 Transmission Operators 186 Power Transfer Limits 186 Determination of Total Transfer Capability 187 Parallel Path Flow and Loop Flow 188 Reduction of Power Transfers—Congestion Management 189 Ancillary Services 189 11.4 Voltage and Reactive Control 191 11.5 Emergencies 192 Operating Emergencies 193 11.6 Information Exchange 194 Chapter 12 The Physical Network: Planning of the Electric Bulk Power System 197 12.1 Planning Standards 198 12.2 Generation Planning 198 12.3 Transmission Planning 200 Transmission System Planning Studies 203 12.4 Least Cost Planning 205 12.5 The New Planning Environment 205 Recent Transmission Projects 211 Chapter 13 The Regulatory Network: Legislation 213 13.1 Pricing and Regulation 213 13.2 Federal Legislation 214 13.3 Federal Utility Holding Company Act (PUHCA) 214 13.4 Federal Power Act 216 13.5 Other 1930 Federal Laws 219 13.6 Department of Energy Organization Act 219 13.7 Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act (PURPA) 220 13.8 Energy Policy Act of 1992 (EPAct02) 222 13.9 The Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPAct05) 224 13.10 The Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 227 13.11 Environmental Laws 227 13.12 2009 American Recovery and Reinvestment Act 230 Chapter 14 The Regulatory Network: The Regulators 231 14.1 The Regulators 231 Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) 231 Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 233 Department of Energy (DOE) 234 Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) 236 Recent Federal Regulations 237 FERC Actions after EPAct92 237 FERC Actions Implementing EPAct05 242 Market Manipulation 242 Electricity Reliability and Infrastructure 242 Expansion and Modernization of the Nation’s Electricity Grid 245 Siting Major New Transmission Facilities 245 PURPA Reforms 246 Repeal of PUHCA—Mergers and Acquisitions 246 Market-Based Rates 247 Recent EPA Actions 248 State Regulatory Authority 249 State Utility Restructuring 250 Overall Regulatory Problems 251 Chapter 15 The Information, Communication, and Control Network and Security 253 15.1 Smart Grid 253 15.2 Financial and Business Operations 254 15.3 System Operations 255 15.4 Distribution Operations 255 15.5 Cyber Security 256 15.6 Nuclear Plant Security 259 Chapter 16 The Fuel and Energy Network 261 16.1 Resource Procurement 264 Fuel Measurements 265 16.2 Fuel Transportation 265 16.3 Fuel Diversity 266 16.4 Fossil Fuels Used 267 16.5 Renewable Energy 269 16.6 Fuel Purchasing 271 16.7 Emission Rights 271 Chapter 17 The Business Network: Market Participants 273 17.1 Investment and Cost Recovery 273 17.2 The Changing Industry Structure 274 Functional Unbundling 274 Additional Utility Responses 275 ISO/RTO Formation 275 Holding Company Formation 275 Power Plant Divestitures 277 17.3 New Structures 279 Power Producers 279 Independent Transmission Companies and Operators 279 Impact of Restructuring on the Transmission System 280 Distributors 280 Power Marketers 281 17.4 New Corporate Ownership 281 Utility Mergers and Acquisitions 282 Acquisitions by Foreign Companies 282 Financial Institutions 283 Chapter 18 The Money Network: Wholesale Markets 285 18.1 The Energy Markets 286 Standard Market Design (SMD) 288 Locational Marginal Pricing (LMP) 289 18.2 Transmission 291 Transmission Rights 291 Physical Transmission Rights (PTRs) 292 Financial Transmission Rights (FTRs) 293 Wheeling and Customer Choice 294 Contracts and Agreements 294 Average System versus Incremental Costs 295 18.3 Customer Late Issues 294 Construction Work in Progress (CWIP) 295 Setting of Rates 296 Rate Freezes 296 Allocation of Costs and Economic Benefits 296 Average Costs versus Incremental Costs 297 18.4 Market versus Operational Control 298 18.5 Market Power Issues 298 Price Caps 299 18.6 The Future 299 Chapter 19 The Professional and Industry Organizations 301 19.1 The Professional Organizations 301 The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 301 The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) 303 American Society of Mechanical Engineers 304 (ASME) and the American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE) CIGRE 304 19.2 Industry Associations 304 NEMA 304 The Association of Edison Illuminating 305 Companies (AEIC) The American Public Power Association (APPA) 305 The Edison Electric Institute (EEI) 306 The Electricity Consumer Resource Council (ELCON) 306 The National Rural Electric Cooperative Association (NRECA) 307 Electric Power Supply Association (EPSA) 307 The Nuclear Energy Institute (NEI) 308 19.3 Public Interest Groups 308 The National Association of Regulatory Utility 308 Commissioners (NARUC) Environmental Defense Fund (EDF) 308 Public Citizen 309 Public Interest Law Project 309 19.4 Research Organizations 309 The Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) 310 Other Research 310 The National Regulatory Research Institute (NRRI) 311 The Power Systems Engineering Research Center (PSERC) 311 Index 313
£80.06
John Wiley & Sons Inc Converters
Book SynopsisPresents Fundamentals of Modeling, Analysis, and Control of Electric Power Converters for Power System Applications Electronic (static) power conversion has gained widespread acceptance in power systems applications; electronic power converters are increasingly employed for power conversion and conditioning, compensation, and active filtering. This book presents the fundamentals for analysis and control of a specific class of high-power electronic convertersthe three-phase voltage-sourced converter (VSC). Voltage-Sourced Converters in Power Systems provides a necessary and unprecedented link between the principles of operation and the applications of voltage-sourced converters. The book: Describes various functions that the VSC can perform in electric power systems Covers a wide range of applications of the VSC in electric power systemsincluding wind power conversion systems Adopts a systematic approach to the modeling and control design Table of ContentsPREFACE xv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS xvii ACRONYMS xix 1 Electronic Power Conversion 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Power-Electronic Converters and Converter Systems 1 1.3 Applications of Electronic Converters in Power Systems 3 1.4 Power-Electronic Switches 4 1.5 Classification of Converters 8 1.6 Voltage-Sourced Converter (VSC) 10 1.7 Basic Configurations 10 1.8 Scope of the Book 20 PART I FUNDAMENTALS 21 2 DC/AC Half-Bridge Converter 23 2.1 Introduction 23 2.2 Converter Structure 23 2.3 Principles of Operation 25 2.4 Converter Switched Model 27 2.5 Converter Averaged Model 32 2.6 Nonideal Half-Bridge Converter 38 3 Control of Half-Bridge Converter 48 3.1 Introduction 48 3.2 AC-Side Control Model of Half-Bridge Converter 48 3.3 Control of Half-Bridge Converter 50 3.4 Feed-Forward Compensation 53 3.5 Sinusoidal Command Following 59 4 Space Phasors and Two-Dimensional Frames 69 4.1 Introduction 69 4.2 Space-Phasor Representation of a Balanced Three-Phase Function 70 4.3 Space-Phasor Representation of Three-Phase Systems 82 4.4 Power in Three-Wire Three-Phase Systems 88 4.5 αβ-Frame Representation and Control of Three-Phase Signals and Systems 91 4.6 dq-Frame Representation and Control of Three-Phase Systems 101 5 Two-Level, Three-Phase Voltage-Sourced Converter 115 5.1 Introduction 115 5.2 Two-Level Voltage-Sourced Converter 115 5.3 Models and Control of Two-Level VSC 119 5.4 Classification of VSC Systems 125 6 Three-Level, Three-Phase, Neutral-Point Clamped, Voltage-Sourced Converter 127 6.1 Introduction 127 6.2 Three-Level Half-Bridge NPC 128 6.3 PWM Scheme For Three-Level Half-Bridge NPC 130 6.4 Switched Model of Three-Level Half-Bridge NPC 133 6.5 Averaged Model of Three-Level Half-Bridge NPC 135 6.6 Three-Level NPC 136 6.7 Three-Level NPC with Capacitive DC-Side Voltage Divider 144 7 Grid-Imposed Frequency VSC System: Control in αβ-Frame 160 7.1 Introduction 160 7.2 Structure of Grid-Imposed Frequency VSC System 160 7.3 Real-/Reactive-Power Controller 161 7.4 Real-/Reactive-Power Controller Based on Three-Level NPC 181 7.5 Controlled DC-Voltage Power Port 189 8 Grid-Imposed Frequency VSC System: Control in dq-Frame 204 8.1 Introduction 204 8.2 Structure of Grid-Imposed Frequency VSC System 205 8.3 Real-/Reactive-Power Controller 206 8.4 Current-Mode Control of Real-/Reactive-Power Controller 217 8.5 Real-/Reactive-Power Controller Based on Three-Level NPC 232 8.6 Controlled DC-Voltage Power Port 234 9 Controlled-Frequency VSC System 245 9.1 Introduction 245 9.2 Structure of Controlled-Frequency VSC System 246 9.3 Model of Controlled-Frequency VSC System 247 9.4 Voltage Control 253 10 Variable-Frequency VSC System 270 10.1 Introduction 270 10.2 Structure of Variable-Frequency VSC System 270 10.3 Control of Variable-Frequency VSC System 273 PART II APPLICATIONS 311 11 Static Compensator (STATCOM) 313 11.1 Introduction 313 11.2 Controlled DC-Voltage Power Port 313 11.3 STATCOM Structure 314 11.4 Dynamic Model for PCC Voltage Control 315 11.5 Approximate Model of PCC Voltage Dynamics 321 11.6 STATCOM Control 322 11.7 Compensator Design for PCC Voltage Controller 324 11.8 Model Evaluation 324 12 Back-to-Back HVDC Conversion System 334 12.1 Introduction 334 12.2 HVDC System Structure 334 12.3 HVDC System Model 336 12.4 HVDC System Control 342 12.5 HVDC System Performance Under an Asymmetrical Fault 353 13 Variable-SpeedWind-Power System 385 13.1 Introduction 385 13.2 Constant-Speed and Variable-Speed Wind-Power Systems 385 13.3 Wind Turbine Characteristics 388 13.4 Maximum Power Extraction from A Variable-Speed Wind-Power System 390 13.5 Variable-Speed Wind-Power System Based on Doubly-Fed Asynchronous Machine 393 APPENDIXA: Space-Phasor Representation of Symmetrical Three-Phase Electric Machines 413 A.1 Introduction 413 A.2 Structure of Symmetrical Three-Phase Machine 413 A.3 Machine Electrical Model 414 A.4 Machine Equivalent Circuit 418 A.5 Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Machine (PMSM) 421 APPENDIX B: Per-Unit Values for VSC Systems 426 B.1 Introduction 426 REFERENCES 431 INDEX 439
£121.46
John Wiley & Sons Inc Probabilistic Transmission System Planning
Book SynopsisThe book is composed of 12 chapters and three appendices, and can be divided into four parts. The first part includes Chapters 2 to 7, which discuss the concepts, models, methods and data in probabilistic transmission planning.Trade Review"Principle engineer at a Canadian electric company, Li uses his technical reports and papers as a foundation for a comprehensive guide to planning a system to transmit electricity from its generation source to the sub-transmission stations where it enters the distribution system." (Book News, 1 August 2011) Table of ContentsPreface and Acknowledgments xxi 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Overview of Transmission Planning 1 1.2 Necessity of Probabilistic Transmission Planning 6 1.3 Outline of the Book 8 2 BASIC CONCEPTS OF PROBABILISTIC PLANNING 11 2.1 Introduction 11 2.2 Probabilistic Planning Criteria 12 2.3 Procedure of Probabilistic Planning 14 2.4 Other Aspects in Probabilistic Planning 17 2.5 Conclusions 18 3 LOAD MODELING 21 3.1 Introduction 21 3.2 Load Forecast 22 3.3 Load Clustering 37 3.4 Uncertainty and Correlation of Bus Loads 42 3.5 Voltage- and Frequency-Dependent Bus Loads 44 3.6 Conclusions 46 4 SYSTEM ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES 49 4.1 Introduction 49 4.2 Power Flow 50 4.3 Probabilistic Power Flow 53 4.4 Optimal Power Flow (OPF) 57 4.5 Probabilistic Search Optimization Algorithms 64 4.6 Contingency Analysis and Ranking 72 4.7 Voltage Stability Evaluation 76 4.8 Transient Stability Solution 80 4.9 Conclusions 83 5 PROBABILISTIC RELIABILITY EVALUATION 85 5.1 Introduction 85 5.2 Reliability Indices 86 5.3 Reliability Worth Assessment 90 5.4 Substation Adequacy Evaluation 93 5.5 Composite System Adequacy Evaluation 99 5.6 Probabilistic Voltage Stability Assessment 107 5.7 Probabilistic Transient Stability Assessment 114 5.8 Conclusions 120 6 ECONOMIC ANALYSIS METHODS 123 6.1 Introduction 123 6.2 Cost Components of Projects 124 6.3 Time Value of Money and Present Value Method 125 6.4 Depreciation 131 6.5 Economic Assessment of Investment Projects 137 6.6 Economic Assessment of Equipment Replacement 142 6.7 Uncertainty Analysis in Economic Assessment 144 6.8 Conclusions 147 7 DATA IN PROBABILISTIC TRANSMISSION PLANNING 149 7.1 Introduction 149 7.2 Data for Power System Analysis 150 7.3 Reliability Data in Probabilistic Planning 163 7.4 Other Data 176 7.5 Conclusions 178 8 FUZZY TECHNIQUES FOR DATA UNCERTAINTY 181 8.1 Introduction 181 8.2 Fuzzy Models of System Component Outages 182 8.3 Mixed Fuzzy and Probabilistic Models for Loads 190 8.4 Combined Probabilistic and Fuzzy Techniques 192 8.5 Example 1: Case Study Not Considering Weather Effects 196 8.6 Example 2: Case Study Considering Weather Effects 202 8.7 Conclusions 212 9 NETWORK REINFORCEMENT PLANNING 215 9.1 Introduction 215 9.2 Probabilistic Planning of Bulk Power Supply System 216 9.3 Probabilistic Planning of Transmission Loop Network 225 9.4 Conclusions 234 10 RETIREMENT PLANNING OF NETWORK COMPONENTS 237 10.1 Introduction 237 10.2 Retirement Timing of an Aged AC Cable 238 10.3 Replacement Strategy of an HVDC Cable 247 10.4 Conclusions 257 11 SUBSTATION PLANNING 259 11.1 Introduction 259 11.2 Probabilistic Planning of Substation Confi guration 260 11.3 Transformer Spare Planning 272 11.4 Conclusions 280 12 SINGLE-CIRCUIT SUPPLY SYSTEM PLANNING 283 12.1 Introduction 283 12.2 Reliability Performance of Single-Circuit Supply Systems 285 12.3 Planning Method of Single-Circuit Supply Systems 288 12.4 Application to Actual Utility System 298 12.5 Conclusions 307 APPENDIX A ELEMENTS OF PROBABILITY THEORY AND STATISTICS 309 A.1 Probability Operation Rules 309 A.2 Four Important Probability Distributions 310 A.3 Measures of Probability Distribution 313 A.4 Parameter Estimation 314 A.5 Monte Carlo Simulation 316 APPENDIX B ELEMENTS OF FUZZY MATHEMATICS 321 B.1 Fuzzy Sets 321 B.2 Fuzzy Numbers 323 B.3 Two Typical Fuzzy Numbers in Engineering Applications 325 B.4 Fuzzy Relations 326 APPENDIX C ELEMENTS OF RELIABILITY EVALUATION 329 C.1 Basic Concepts 329 C.2 Crisp Reliability Evaluation 331 C.3 Fuzzy Reliability Evaluation 335 References 341 Index 349
£90.86
John Wiley & Sons Inc System Identification
Book SynopsisSystem identification is a general term used to describe mathematical tools and algorithms that build dynamical models from measured data. Used for prediction, control, physical interpretation, and the designing of any electrical systems, they are vital in the fields of electrical, mechanical, civil, and chemical engineering. Focusing mainly on frequency domain techniques, System Identification: A Frequency Domain Approach, Second Edition also studies in detail the similarities and differences with the classical time domain approach. It high??lights many of the important steps in the identification process, points out the possible pitfalls to the reader, and illustrates the powerful tools that are available. Readers of this Second Editon will benefit from: MATLAB software support for identifying multivariable systems that is freely available at the website http://booksupport.wiley.com State-of-the-art system identification methods forTable of Contents Preface to the First Edition Preface to the Second Edition Acknowledgments List of Operators and Notational Conventions List of Symbols List of Abbreviations Chapter 1 An Introduction to Identification Chapter 2 Measurement of Frequency Response Functions – Standard Solutions Chapter 3 Frequency Response Function Measurements in the Presence of Nonlinear Distortions Chapter 4 Detection, Quantification, and Qualification of Nonlinear Distortions in FRF Measurements Chapter 5 Design of Excitation Signals Chapter 6 Models of Linear Time-Invariant Systems Chapter 7 Measurement of Frequency Response Functions – The Local Polynomial Approach Chapter 8 An Intuitive Introduction to Frequency Domain Identification Chapter 9 Estimation with Know Noise Model Chapter 10 Estimation with Unknown Noise Model – Standard Solutions Chapter 11 Model Selection and Validation Chapter 12 Estimation with Unknown Noise Model – The Local Polynomial Approach Chapter 13 Basic Choices in System Identification Chapter 14 Guidelines for the User Chapter 15 Some Linear Algebra Fundamentals Chapter 16 Some Probability and Stochastic Convergence Fundamentals Chapter 17 Properties of Least Squares Estimators with Deterministic Weighting Chapter 18 Properties of Least Squares Estimators with Stochastic Weighting Chapter 19 Identification of Semilinear Models Chapter 20 Identification of Invariants of (Over) Parameterized Models References Subject Index Author Index About the Authors
£124.15
Wiley-Blackwell Power System Harmonics 2e
Book SynopsisHarmonic distortion problems include equipment overheating, motor failures, capacitor failure and inaccurate power metering. The topic of power system harmonics was covered for the first time 20 years ago and the first edition has become a standard reference work in this area.Table of ContentsPreface. 1. Subject Definition and Objectives. 2. Harmonic Analysis. 3. Harmonic Sources. 4. Effects of Harmonic Distortion. 5. Harmonic Monitoring. 6. Harmonic Elimination. 7. Computation of Harmonic Flows. 8. Advanced Harmonic Assessment. Index.
£126.85
John Wiley & Sons Inc Introduction to Device Modeling and Circuit
Book SynopsisAn introduction to SPICE-oriented semiconductor device modeling. The SPICE program allows engineers to simulate both individual devices and electronic circuits, performing a large number of different analyses needed for tasks such as verification of circuit designs and prediction of circuit performance.Table of ContentsIntroduction to Spice. Charge Transport in Semiconductors. Two-Terminal Devices. Bipolar Junction Transistors. Field Effect Transistors. Advanced FET Modeling. Appendices. Index.
£140.35
John Wiley & Sons Inc Electrochemistry of Novel Materials
Book SynopsisThe third volume of ''Frontiers of Electrochemistry'' concentrates on materials science. It provides a review of recent progress in the study of the electrochemical properties of novel materials and describes advances in the development of electrode materials for photoelectrochemistry, polymeric materials and insertion compounds for Lithium batteries. The book provides a careful description of electrochemistry of carbon, thin polymer film coated electrodes, electrocatalytic metal-oxide electrodes, electrochemistry of nuclear fuels and electrochemistry of clays and zeolites. The selection of excellent review articles was written by the best experts in their field of research. The book will interest electrochemists, materials scientists, electrochemical engineers, and other scientists in academic and industrial settings. In the preface, the editors point out that each chapter provides sufficient background material so that it can be read and appreciate by specialists and non specialists Table of ContentsFrom the Contents: Electrode Materials and Strategies for Photoelectrochemistry/ Polymeric Materials for Li Batteries/ Insertion Compounds for Lithium Rocking Chair Batteries/ Thin Polymer Films on Electrodes/ Electrochemistry of Carbon/ Electrocatalytic Metal-Oxide Electrodes/ Electrochemistry of VO2, Nuclear Fuel/ Electrochemistry of Clays and Zeolites
£364.46
Wiley Electric Machines 2E 51 IEEE Press Series on Power Engineering
Book SynopsisAll machine have power requirements and finding the right balance of economy and performance can be a challenge to engineers. The book is designed to be an introduction to the principles of electric machines, and the closely related area of power electronics and adjustable speed drives.Table of ContentsPREFACE ix Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Electric Machines 1 1.2 Roots in Observation 2 1.3 Beginnings 3 1.4 Foundations of Electromagnetism 5 1.5 The Dawn of Electrodynamics 7 1.6 Early Electric Generators 9 1.7 Early Electric Motors 10 1.8 Alternating Current 11 1.9 Power Electronics: Scope and A Brief History 13 1.10 Structure of the Power System 18 1.11 Outline of the Text 21 Chapter 2 PRINCIPLES OF ELECTROMAGNETISM AND ELECTROMECHANICAL ENERGY CONVERSION 23 2.1 Introduction 23 2.2 Magnetic-Field Laws 24 2.3 Permeability and Magnetic-Field Intensity 31 2.4 Magnetic Circuits 35 2.5 Flux Linkages, Induced Voltages, Inductance, and Energy 50 2.6 Hysteresis Loop 54 2.7 Eddy-Current and Core Losses 59 2.8 Energy Flow Approach 60 2.9 Field Energy 64 2.10 Multiply Excited Systems 69 2.11 Reluctance Motors 72 2.12 Doubly Excited Systems 75 2.13 Salient-Pole Machines 77 2.14 Round or Smooth Air-Gap Machines 80 2.15 Machine-Type Classification 84 2.16 P-Pole Machines 85 Problems 89 Chapter 3 POWER ELECTRONIC DEVICES AND SYSTEMS 103 3.1 Introduction 103 3.2 Power Semiconductor Devices 103 3.3 Control Characteristics of Power Devices 106 3.4 Power Semiconductor Diodes 108 3.5 Power Transistors 115 3.6 The Thyristors 138 3.7 Power Electronic Systems 175 3.8 Power Integrated Circuits and Smart Power 178 Problems 179 Chapter 4 DIRECT-CURRENT MOTORS 183 4.1 Introduction 183 4.2 Construction Features 184 4.3 Circuit Model of dc Generator 185 4.4 Circuit Model of dc Motors 187 4.5 dc Series Motors 190 4.6 dc Shunt Motors 203 4.7 Compound Motors 212 4.8 Motor and Load Matching 224 4.9 Conventional Speed Control of dc Motors 224 4.10 Reversal of Direction of Rotation 241 4.11 Starting dc Motors 241 4.12 Adjustable Speed dc Motor Drives 251 4.13 ac-dc Drives for dc Motors 255 4.14 dc-dc Drives for dc Motors 261 Problems 265 Chapter 5 TRANSFORMERS 273 5.1 Introduction 273 5.2 Ideal Transformers 274 5.3 Transformer Models 278 5.4 Transformer Performance Measures 286 5.5 Single-Phase Connections 292 5.6 Three-Winding Transformers 296 5.7 Three-Phase Systems and Transformer Connections 300 5.8 Autotransformers 313 Problems 316 Chapter 6 INDUCTION MOTORS AND THEIR CONTROL 323 6.1 Introduction 323 6.2 MMF Waves and the Rotating Magnetic Field 324 6.3 Slip 329 6.4 Equivalent Circuits 331 6.5 Simplified Equivalent Circuits 334 6.6 Torque Characteristics 338 6.7 Some Useful Relations 341 6.8 Internal Mechanical Power 344 6.9 Effects of Rotor Impedance 348 6.10 Classification of Induction Motors 351 6.11 Starting Induction Motors 354 6.12 Conventional Speed Control of Induction Motors 362 6.13 Adjustable Speed Drives: General Considerations 370 6.14 Variable-Voltage-Constant-Frequency Drives 372 6.15 Variable-Voltage-Variable-Frequency Drives 376 6.16 dc-Link-Converter Drives 381 6.17 Voltage-Fed Inverter Drives 383 6.18 Current-Fed Inverter Drives 385 6.19 Cycloconverter Drives 386 6.20 Regulation of Slip Power 387 Problems 389 Chapter 7 SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES 397 7.1 Introduction 397 7.2 Round-Rotor Machines: Equivalent Circuit 401 7.3 Armature Reaction 406 7.4 Principal Steady-State Characteristics 410 7.5 Power Angle Characteristics and the Infinite-Bus Concept 415 7.6 Synchronous-Motor Operation 423 7.7 Salient-Pole Machines 430 Problems 437 Chapter 8 FRACTIONAL-HORSEPOWER ALTERNATING CURRENT MOTORS 443 8.1 Introduction 443 8.2 Rotating Magnetic Fields in Single-Phase Induction Motors 443 8.3 Equivalent Circuits for Single-Phase Induction Motors 448 8.4 Power and Torque Relations 454 8.5 Starting Single-Phase Induction Motors 459 Problems 473 BIBLIOGRAPHY 475 INDEX 477
£135.85
John Wiley & Sons Inc Pulse Width Modulation for Power Converters
Book SynopsisThe design of inverters employing Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) to vary the voltage and amplitude of power electronic inverters has evolved over the past forty years. This is the first comprehensive textbook to view the subject as a whole and to clarify and unify the many diverse approaches taken by researchers.Table of ContentsPreface. Acknowledgments. Nomenclature. Chapter 1: Introduction to Power Electronic Converters. 1.1 Basic Converter Topologies. 1.2 Voltage Source/Stiff Inverters. 1.3 Switching Function Representation of Three-Phase Converters. 1.4 Output Voltage Control. 1.5 Current Source/Stiff Inverters. 1.6 Concept of a Space Vector. 1.7 Three-Level Inverters. 1.8 Multilevel Inverter Topologies. 1.9 Summary. Chapter 2: Harmonic Distortion. 2.1 Harmonic Voltage Distortion Factor. 2.2 Harmonic Current Distortion Factor. 2.3 Harmonic Distortion Factors for Three-Phase Inverters. 2.4 Choice of Performance Indicator. 2.5 WTHD of Three-Level Inverter. 2.6 The Induction Motor Load. 2.7 Harmonic Distortion Weighting Factors for Induction Motor Load. 2.8 Example Calculation of Harmonic Losses. 2.9 WTHD Normalization for PWM Inverter Supply. 2.10 Summary. Chapter 3: Modulation of One Inverter Phase Leg. 3.1 Fundamental Concepts of PWM. 3.2 Evaluation of PWM Schemes. 3.3 Double Fourier Integral Analysis of a Two-Level Pulse Width-Modulated Waveform. 3.4 Naturally Sampled Pulse Width Modulation. 3.5 PWM Analysis by Duty Cycle Variation. 3.6 Regular Sampled Pulse Width Modulation. 3.7 "Direct" Modulation. 3.8 Integer versus Non-Integer Frequency Ratios. 3.9 Review of PWM Variations. 3.10 Summary. Chapter 4: Modulation of Single-Phase Voltage Source Inverters. 4.1 Topology of a Single-Phase Inverter. 4.2 Three-Level Modulation of a Single-Phase Inverter. 4.3 Analytic Calculation of Harmonic Losses. 4.4 Sideband Modulation. 4.5 Switched Pulse Position. 4.6 Switched Pulse Sequence. 4.7 Summary. Chapter 5: Modulation of Three-Phase Voltage Source Inverters. 5.1 Topology of a Three-Phase Inverter (VSI). 5.2 Three-Phase Modulation with Sinusoidal References. 5.3 Third-Harmonic Reference Injection. 5.4 Analytic Calculation of Harmonic Losses. 5.5 Discontinuous Modulation Strategies. 5.6 Triplen Carrier Ratios and Subharmonics. 5.7 Summary. Chapter 6: Zero Space Vector Placement Modulation Strategies. 6.1 Space Vector Modulation. 6.1.1 Principles of Space Vector Modulation. 6.1.2 SVM Compared to Regular Sampled PWM. 6.2 Phase Leg References for Space Vector Modulation. 6.3 Naturally Sampled SVM. 6.4 Analytical Solution for SVM. 6.5 Harmonic Losses for SVM. 6.6 Placement of the Zero Space Vector. 6.7 Discontinuous Modulation. 6.8 Phase Leg References for Discontinuous PWM. 6.9 Analytical Solutions for Discontinuous PWM. 6.10 Comparison of Harmonic Performance. 6.11 Harmonic Losses for Discontinuous PWM. 6.12 Single-Edge SVM. 6.13 Switched Pulse Sequence. 6.14 Summary. Chapter 7: Modulation of Current Source Inverters. 7.1 Three-Phase Modulators as State Machines. 7.2 Naturally Sampled CSI Space Vector Modulator. 7.3 Experimental Confirmation. 7.4 Summary. Chapter 8: Overmodulation of an Inverter. 8.1 The Overmodulation Region. 8.2 Naturally Sampled Overmodulation of One Phase Leg of an Inverter. 8.3 Regular Sampled Overmodulation of One Phase Leg of an Inverter. 8.4 Naturally Sampled Overmodulation of Single- and Three-Phase Inverters. 8.5 PWM Controller Gain during Overmodulation. 8.6 Space Vector Approach to Overmodulation. 8.7 Summary. Chapter 9: Programmed Modulation Strategies. 9.1 Optimized Space Vector Modulation. 9.2 Harmonic Elimination PWM. 9.3 Performance Index for Optimality. 9.4 Optimum PWM. 9.5 Minimum-Loss PWM. 9.6 Summary. Chapter 10: Programmed Modulation of Multilevel Converters. 10.1 Multilevel Converter Alternatives. 10.2 Block Switching Approaches to Voltage Control. 10.3 Harmonic Elimination Applied to Multilevel Inverters. 10.4 Minimum Harmonic Distortion. 10.5 Summary. Chapter 11: Carrier-Based PWM of Multilevel Inverters. 11.1 PWM of Cascaded Single-Phase H-Bridges. 11.2 Overmodulation of Cascaded H-Bridges. 11.3 PWM Alternatives for Diode-Clamped Multilevel Inverters. 11.4 Three-Level Naturally Sampled PD PWM. 11.5 Three-Level Naturally Sampled APOD or POD PWM. 11.6 Overmodulation of Three-Level Inverters. 11.7 Five-Level PWM for Diode-Clamped Inverters. 11.8 PWM of Higher Level Inverters. 11.9 Equivalent PD PWM for Cascaded Inverters. 11.10 Hybrid Multilevel Inverter. 11.11 Equivalent PD PWM for a Hybrid Inverter. 11.12 Third-Harmonic Injection for Multilevel Inverters. 11.13 Operation of a Multilevel Inverter with a Variable Modulation Index. 11.14 Summary. Chapter 12: Space Vector PWM for Multilevel Converters. 12.1 Optimized Space Vector Sequences. 12.2 Modulator for Selecting Switching States. 12.3 Decomposition Method. 12.4 Hexagonal Coordinate System. 12.5 Optimal Space Vector Position within a Switching Period. 12.6 Comparison of Space Vector PWM to Carrier-Based PWM. 12.7 Discontinuous Modulation in Multilevel Inverters. 12.8 Summary. Chapter 13: Implementation of a Modulation Controller. 13.1 Overview of a Power Electronic Conversion System. 13.2 Elements of a PWM Converter System. 13.3 Hardware Implementation of the PWM Process. 13.4 PWM Software Implementation. 13.5 Summary. Chapter 14: Continuing Developments in Modulation. 14.1 Random Pulse Width Modulation. 14.2 PWM Rectifier with Voltage Unbalance. 14.3 Common Mode Elimination. 14.4 Four Phase Leg Inverter Modulation. 14.5 Effect of Minimum Pulse Width. 14.6 PWM Dead-Time Compensation. 14.7 Summary. Appendix 1: Fourier Series Representation of a Double Variable Controlled Waveform. Appendix 2: Jacobi-Anger and Bessel Function Relationships. A2.1 Jacobi-Anger Expansions. A2.2 Bessel Function Integral Relationships. Appendix 3: Three-Phase and Half-Cycle Symmetry Relationships. Appendix 4: Overmodulation of a Single-Phase Leg. A4.1 Naturally Sampled Double-Edge PWM. A4.2 Symmetric Regular Sampled Double-Edge PWM.9 A4.3 Asymmetric Regular Sampled Double-Edge PWM. Appendix 5: Numeric Integration of a Double Fourier Series Representation of a Switched Waveform. A5.1 Formulation of the Double Fourier Integral. A5.2 Analytical Solution of the Inner Integral. A5.3 Numeric Integration of the Outer Integral. Bibliography. Index.
£148.45
John Wiley & Sons Inc Electric Power Systems Analysis and Control IEEE
Book SynopsisA systematic reporting of all aspects of the electric power field, including coverage of both hydro- and thermal-generating plants. * Thorough coverage of both static and dynamic operations of power systems. * A global perspective from both an academic and industrial point of view. * Emphasis on the important relations between operations and control devices, including useful considerations for control system design. * New developments and original contributions, both for theory and for practical applications.Trade Review"Originality of presentations, thoughtful physical interpretations...high quality of comments together with valuable practical information supplied throughout the book make it a very special and precious reference." (International Journal of Robust and Nonlinear Control, January 2005) “... a very special and precious reference...” (International Journal of Robust & Nonlinear Control, Vol.15, No.1, 10th January 2005) “…a very special and precious reference…the reader may benefit enormously…” (International Journal of Robust & Non-Linear Control, Vol14, No.18 December 2004) "…an excellent book for either the engineer-practitioner…or the theoretician-researcher…a thoughtful book full of insights…" (IEEE Power & Energy Magazine, Jan/Feb 2004) "...English translation is new. It's a good one." (Electrical Apparatus, May 2003) "...an excellent work, which elegantly and thoroughly treats basic and up-to-date techniques of advanced system analysis, design, and control...essential." (Choice, September 2003) "...packed with formulas and figures..." (E-Streams, Vol. 6, No. 8)Table of ContentsForeword. Preface. Acknowledgments. 1. Introduction to the Problems of Analysis and Control of Electric Power Systems. 2. Configuration and Working Point. 3. Frequency and Active Power Control. 4. Dynamic Behavior of the Synchronous Machine. 5. Dynamic Behavior of Network Elements and Loads. 6. Voltage and Reactive Power Control. 7. The Synchronous Machine Connected to an Infinite Bus. 8. Electromechanical Phenomena in a Multimachine System. Appendix 1: Transformation to Symmetrical Components. Appendix 2: Park's Transformation. Appendix 3: Elementary Outline of the Automatic Control Theory. References. Index. About the Author.
£163.76
John Wiley & Sons Inc Electrical Hazards and Accidents
Book SynopsisHow to prevent electrical hazards in the workplace is the focus of this guide. It spells out proper design, maintenance, and operating procedures for minimizing the risks of electrical fires, accidents, and injuries on the job. Coverage of the latest electrical standards helps you comply with the current National Electrical Code (NEC)?? and OSHA requirements. NEC requirements and procedures are provided for grounding an electrical distribution system, selecting proper conductors, sizing the feeder, and effective branch circuit overcurrent protection. Safety considerations are explored for single and three-phase systems, fuses, plugs, and ground fault circuit interrupters (GFCIs). The guide also clarifies factors that influence soil resistivity, and it analyzes correction factors for special situations such as high ambient temperature environments. Human responses to electric shock are covered in detail. Among the important areas addressed are the approximate electrical impedance of theTable of ContentsElectrical Systems, Terminology and Components--Relationship to Electrical and Lightning Accidents and Fires. Physiological Effects of Electricity--Relationship to Electrical and Lightning Death and Injury. Selecting the Proper Size for Conductors and Overcurrent Protection Devices. Grounding of Electrical Distribution Systems and Electrical Equipment. OSHA Standards and Requirements and the National Electrical Code. Electrical Wiring and Equipment in Hazardous (Classified) Locations. Electrical Fires: Causes, Prevention, and Investigation. Lightning Protection for Buildings, Equipment, and Personnel. Static Electricity: Causes, Analysis and Prevention. High Voltage Systems: Design, Construction and Maintenance. Index.
£134.06
John Wiley & Sons Inc LowVoltage CMOS VLSI Circuits
Book SynopsisLow-voltage very large scale integration (VLSI) circuits representthe electronics of the future. All electronic products are strivingto reduce power consumption to create more economical, efficient,and compact devices. Despite the inevitable trend towardslow-voltage, few books address the technology needed. Geared to theneeds of engineers and designers in the field, this comprehensivevolume presents a remarkably detailed analysis of one of today''shottest and most compelling research techniques for VLSI systems. Table of ContentsCMOS Technology and Devices. CMOS Static Logic Circuits. CMOS Dynamic Logic Circuits. CMOS Memory. CMOS VLSI Systems. Index.
£165.56
John Wiley & Sons Inc Sensors and Signal Conditioning 1
Book SynopsisPraise for the First Edition . . . A unique piece of work, a book for electronics engineering, in general, but well suited and excellently applicable also to biomedical engineering . . . I recommend it with no reservation, congratulating the authors for the job performed. -IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Describes a broad range of sensors in practical use and some circuit designs; copious information about electronic components is supplied, a matter of great value to electronic engineers. A large number of applications are supplied for each type of sensor described . . . This volume is of considerable importance.-Robotica In this new edition of their successful book, renowned authorities Ramon Pallàs-Areny and John Webster bring you up to speed on the latest advances in sensor technology, addressing both the explosive growth in the use of microsensors and improvements made in classical macrosensors. They continue to offer the only combined treatment foTrade Review"...It is sufficiently detailed to be useful to just about anyone involved with sensor development and implementation..." (n-lux.net, 4 February 2003)Table of ContentsIntroduction to Sensor-Based Measurement Systems. Resistive Sensors. Signal Conditioning for Resistive Sensors. Reactance Variation and Electromagnetic Sensors. Signal Conditioning for Reactance Variation Sensors. Self-Generating Sensors. Signal Conditioning for Self-Generating Sensors. Digital and Intelligent Sensors. Other Sensing Methods. Appendix. Index.
£164.66
John Wiley & Sons Inc Edison A Life of Invention
Book SynopsisThis biography of Thomas Edison (1847-1931) studies and evaluates his career as an inventor and explores in detail how he created inventions that shaped the 20th century, including the electric light, photography, and over 1000 other items.Trade Review"Paul Israel, in this latest biography, has done a remarkable job. Not only has he given us fresh insights into a complex personality, but he has set this against the backdrop of a dramatically changing American society driven on remorselessly by the second Industrial Revolution in which Edison was a pivotal players." (Nature, 9th November 2000)Table of ContentsChildhood and Education. Itinerant Telegrapher. From Operator to Inventor. A Leading Electromechanician. Competing Interests. From Shop to Laboratory. New Directions. The Invention Factory. The Wizard of Menlo Park. Inventing a System. From Research to Development. Inventing an Industry. Family Matters. A New Laboratory. Inventing Entertainment. Industrial Research. Competition and Consolidation. Innovation and Enthusiasm. A Modern Legend. Fame in the Family. The Business of Innovation. Edison Incorporated. Inventor-Philosopher. Epilogue. Notes. Index.
£20.70
John Wiley & Sons Inc Design for Electrical and Computer Engineers
Book Synopsis Eric Salt and Robert Rothery''s Design for Electrical and Computer Engineers guides students through each stage of the engineering process, from start to finish. As students work through the text, they will develop a strong theoretical framework and master practical techniques that they can rely on throughout their academic and professional careers. Students learn how to define a customer''s needs and the design problem, synthesize solutions, evaluate alternatives, and complete the systems level design. The text also addresses the important issues of documentation and testing. In addition, students will find a number of examples and templates throughout the text, including suggested outlines for design documents such as design specifications, project plans, and test plans. This text is suitable as a main text or supplement for a junior, senior or graduate course in Electrical Engineering Design or Project Management. Table of ContentsList of Figures. List of Tables. Introduction. The Design Process. Requirements Analysis. System Design. Managing the Design Process. Detailed Design, Testing, and Design Management. Appendix A: Case Study. Appendix B: System Design Exercise. Bibliography. Index.
£58.85
John Wiley & Sons Inc Electric Power Systems Forecasting Scheduling and
Book SynopsisThis book deals with the implications of electric power deregulation that is causing the restructuring of the largest commodity market in the United States. It presents background information on deregulation, provides insight into new trends in power systems operation and control, and highlights advanced topics in electricity markets.Trade Review"...an excellent work.... Readers will be impressed with the comprehensive approach and clear, readable presentation of material...highly recommended..." (Choice, Vol. 40, No. 3, November 2002)Table of ContentsPreface. Chapter 1: Market Overview in Electric Power Systems. Chapter 2: Short-Term Load Forecasting. Chapter 3: Electricity Price Forecasting. Chapter 4: Price-Based Unit Commitment. Chapter 5: Arbitrage in Electricity Markets. Chapter 6: Market Power Analysis Based on Game Theory. Chapter 7: Generation Asset Valuation and Risk Analysis. Chapter 8: Security-Constrained Unit Commitment. Chapter 9: Ancillary Services Auction Market Design. Chapter 10: Transmission Congestion Management and Pricing. Appendix A: List of Symbols. Appendix B: Mathematical Derivation. Appendix C: RTS Load Data. Appendix D: Example Systems Data. Appendix E: Game Theory Concepts. Appendix F: Congestion Charges Calculation. References. Index.
£145.76
John Wiley & Sons Inc Communication and Control in Electric Power
Book SynopsisThe first extensive reference on these important techniques The restructuring of the electric utility industry has created the need for a mechanism that can effectively coordinate the various entities in a power market, enabling them to communicate efficiently and perform at an optimal level. Communication and Control in Electric Power Systems, the first resource to address its subject in an extended format, introduces parallel and distributed processing techniques as a compelling solution to this critical problem. Drawing on their years of experience in the industry, Mohammad Shahidehpour and Yaoyu Wang deliver comprehensive coverage of parallel and distributed processing techniques with a focus on power system optimization, control, and communication. The authors begin with theoretical background and an overview of the increasingly deregulated power market, then move quickly into the practical applications and implementations of these pivotal techniques. ChapTable of ContentsPreface. 1. Introduction. 2. Parallel and Distributed Processing of Power Systems. 3. Information System for Control Centers. 4. Common Information Model and Middleware for Integration. 5. Parallel and Distributed Load Flow Computation. 6. Parallel and Distributed Load Flow of Distribution Systems. 7. Parallel and Distributed State Estimation. 8. Distributed Power System Security Analysis. 9. Hierarchical and Distributed Control of Voltage/VAR. 10. Transmission Congestion Management Based on Multi-Agent Theory. 11. Integration, Control, and Operation of Distributed Generation. 12. Special Topics in Power System Information System. Appendix A. Example System Data. Appendix B. Measurement Data for Distributed State Estimation. Appendix C. IEEE-30 Bus System Data. Appendix D. Acronyms. Bibliography. Index.
£220.46
John Wiley & Sons Inc Power System Restructuring and Deregulation
Book SynopsisThe restructuring and deregulation of the power utility industry is resulting in significant competitive, technological and regulatory changes. Independent power producers, power marketers and brokers have added a new and significant dimension to the task of maintaining a reliable electric system.Trade Review"a valuable resource...to be highly recommended" (Power Engineering Journal, February 2002) "... a useful addition to a corporate or university library because of the quality of writing and topics covered..." (The Journal of Energy Literature, Vol. VIII, No. 1, 2002)Table of ContentsEnergy Generation under the New Environment Deregulation of Electric Utilities Competitive Wholesale Electricity Markets Distribution in a Deregulated Market Transmission Expansion in the New Environment Transmission Open Access Electric Power Industry Restructuring in China Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) Asset Management Power Quality Information Technology Applications Application of the Internet to Power System Monitoring and Trading Index
£168.26
John Wiley & Sons Inc Electromechanical Energy Devices and Power
Book SynopsisAs the curriculums of electrical engineering programs became over crowded, many schools began combining electromechanical energy conversion and power systems analysis courses. There were no books to fit this trend, and using two books was uneconomical and confusing. Today, almost 15 % of the Universities in the US and the Canada require a combined course.Table of ContentsEnergy Resources and Electric Energy Conversion. Power System Components and Analysis. Basic AC Circuit Concepts. Magnetic Circuits and Transformers. Fundamentals of Rotating Machines. DC Machines. Synchronous Machines. Induction Motors. Transmission Lines. Power Flow Solutions. Faults, Protection, and Stability. Appendices. Index.
£202.46
John Wiley & Sons Inc Computer Modelling of Electrical Power Systems 2e
Book SynopsisComputer models can be used to simulate the changing states of electrical power systems. Such simulations enable the power engineer to study performance and predict disturbances. Focusing on the performance of the power system boosted by the FACTS.Table of ContentsPreface. Introduction. Transmission Systems. FACTS and HVDC Transmission. Load Flow. Load Flow Under Power Electronic Control. Electromagnetic Transients. System Stability. System Stability Under Power Electronic Control. Appendix I: Fault Level Derivation. Appendix II: Numerical Integration Methods. Appendix III: Test System Used in the Stability Examples. Index.
£173.66
John Wiley & Sons Inc Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells
Book SynopsisAs environmental concerns escalate, solar power is increasingly seen as an attractive alternative energy source. Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells addresses the practical and theoretical issues fundamental to the viable conversion of sunlight into electricity.Table of ContentsPhotovoltaics. Solar Power. The Principles of Photovoltaics. The P-N Junction. The Physics of Solar Cells. High Efficiency Solar Cells. Si Solar Cell Technology. Selected Solar Cell Types. Analysis and Measuring Techniques. Appendices. Index.
£167.36
John Wiley & Sons Inc Power System Harmonic Analysis
Book SynopsisQuality of power supply is now a major issue worldwide making harmonic analysis an essential element in power system planning and design. Power System Harmonic Analysis presents novel analytical and modelling tools for the assessment of components and systems, and their interactions at harmonic frequencies.Table of ContentsFourier Analysis. Transmission Systems. Direct Harmonic Solutions. AC-DC Conversion--Frequency Domain. Harmonic Instabilities. Machine Non-linearities--Harmonic Domain. AC-DC Conversion--Harmonic Domain. Iterative Harmonic Analysis. Converter Harmonic Impedances. Appendices. Index.
£194.36
John Wiley & Sons Inc Solar Electricity
Book SynopsisSolar Electricity Second Edition Edited by Tomas Markvart University of Southampton, UK .warmly recommended as a comprehensive, introductory text on a subject which should become increasingly important. (Review of the First Edition in Contemporary Physics) The rapid evolution of photovoltaic technology has highlighted the increasing capabilities of solar electricity as a power source for distributed energy generation. Building on the success of the first edition, Solar Electricity presents a balanced introduction to all aspects of solar energy conversion, from cell types to environmental impact and applications. Now fully revised to incorporate the latest industry achievements and featuring: New sections on the role of dye sensitised solar cells, photovoltaics in buildings, diesel hybrid systems, and photovoltaic markets and funding. Solar cell design and manufacturing technology including crystalline silicon and thin film devices. Introduction to a range of photovoltaic applications iTable of ContentsElectricity from the Sun. Solar Radiation. Solar Cells. Photovoltaic System Engineering. Applications. Environmental Impacts of Photovoltaics. Advanced and Specialised Topics. Index.
£174.56
John Wiley & Sons Inc Solar Electricity
Book SynopsisSolar Electricity Second Edition Edited by Tomas Markvart University of Southampton, UK .warmly recommended as a comprehensive, introductory text on a subject which should become increasingly important. (Review of the First Edition in Contemporary Physics) The rapid evolution of photovoltaic technology has highlighted the increasing capabilities of solar electricity as a power source for distributed energy generation. Building on the success of the first edition, Solar Electricity presents a balanced introduction to all aspects of solar energy conversion, from cell types to environmental impact and applications. Now fully revised to incorporate the latest industry achievements and featuring: New sections on the role of dye sensitised solar cells, photovoltaics in buildings, diesel hybrid systems, and photovoltaic markets and funding. Solar cell design and manufacturing technology including crystalline silicon and thin film devices. Introduction to a range of photovoltaic applications iTable of ContentsElectricity from the Sun. Solar Radiation. Solar Cells. Photovoltaic System Engineering. Applications. Environmental Impacts of Photovaltaics. Advanced and Specialised Topics. Index.
£66.56
John Wiley and Sons Ltd Electric Cables Handbook
Book SynopsisElectric Cables Handbook provides a comprehensive and substantial coverage of all types of energy cables----from wiring and flexible cables for general use, to distribution, transmission and submarine cables.Table of ContentsTheory, design and principles common to all cable types; Wiring cables, flexible cables and cables for general industrial use; Supply distribution systems and cables; Transmission systems and cables; Submarine distribution and transmission; High temperature superconductivity; Optical fibres in power transmission systems; Cables for communication applications; Appendices
£185.36
John Wiley & Sons Inc Understanding ElectroMechanical Engineering An
Book SynopsisWith a focus on electromechanical systems in a variety of fields, this accessible introductory text brings you coverage of the full range of electrical mechanical devices used today. You'll gain a comprehensive understanding of the design process and get valuable insights into good design practice.Table of ContentsList of Illustrations xxv Preface xxix About the Author xxxi Introduction 1 PART I Understanding the Science and Technology 7 Chapter 1 Electrical Engineering 9 Chapter 2 Mechanical Engineering 35 PART II Understanding the Devices and Systems 65 Chapter 3 Generators and Motors 67 Chapter 4 Brakes and Clutches 88 Chapter 5 Amplifiers 101 Chapter 6 Actuators 111 Chapter 7 Transducers 128 Chapter 8 Controlled Motion 153 Chapter 9 Contact Makers and Electrodes 172 Chapter 10 Computer Components 202 Chapter 11 Marking Paper 212 Chapter 12 Sound 222 Chapter 13 Manufacturing 229 Chapter 14 Assembling and Connecting 239 Chapter 15 Military Devices 254 Chapter 16 Medical Devices 257 Chapter 17 Consumer Devices 263 Chapter 18 Passive Electrical Components 268 PART III Understanding Design 273 Chapter 19 The Science and the Art 275 Chapter 20 How One Designs 278 Chapter 21 Minimum Constraint Design 284 Chapter 22 Design for Manufacturing 289 Chapter 23 User-Friendly Design 294 Chapter 24 Accuracy, Adjustment and Gauging 297 Chapter 25 Reliability, Defects, Abuse, Failure, and Maintenance 300 Chapter 26 Barriers, Filters, Conduits, and Valves 309 Chapter 27 Ecology 320 Chapter 28 Money 324 Chapter 29 Cost Reduction and Product Improvement 327 Chapter 30 Constraints on Design 334 Chapter 31 People Engineering 337 Chapter 32 Getting Help 345 Chapter 33 Design Parameters 349 Chapter 34 Product Classes and Families 352 Appendix Patent Classification 357 References and Bibliography 361 Index 371
£90.86
John Wiley & Sons Inc Power Electronics and Variable Frequency Drives
Book SynopsisThis original contributed volume combines the individual expertise of eleven world-renowned professionals to provide comprehensive, authoritative coverage of state-of-the-art power electronics and AC drive technology. Featuring an extensive introductory chapter by power-electronics expert Bimal K. Bose and more than 400 figures, POWER ELECTRONICS AND VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVES covers each of the field''s component disciplines and drives--all in one complete resource. Broad in scope and unique in its presentation, this volume belongs on the bookshelf of every industry engineer, professor, graduate student, and researcher involved in this fast-growing multidisciplinary field. It is an essential for teaching, research, development, and design.Table of ContentsPreface xv Acknowledgments xix Introduction to Power Electronics and Drives 1Bimal K. Bose, University of Tennessee, USA Chapter 1 Power Semiconductor Devices for Variable Frequency Drives 9B. J. Baliga, North Carolina State University, USA Chapter 2 Electrical Machines for Drives 36GR Slemon, University of Toronto, Canada Chapter 3 Power Electronic Converters for Drives 80J. D. van Wyk, Rand Afrikaans University, South Africa Chapter 4 Pulse Width Modulation for Electronic Power Converters 138J. Holtz, Wuppertal University, Germany Chapter 5 Motion Control with Induction Motors 209R. D. Lorenz, 1. A. Lipo, D. 1/1/. Novotny, University of Wisconsin, USA Chapter 6 Variable Frequency Permanent Magnet AC Machine Drives 277M. Jahns, General Electric Co., USA Chapter 7 High Power Industrial Drives 332H. Stemmler, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Switzerland Chapter 8 Simulation of Power Electronic and Motion Control Systems 400N. Mohan, W. P. Robbins, L A. Aga, M. Rastogi, R. Naik, University of MinnesotaChapter 9 Estimation, Identification, and Sensorless Control of AC Drives 454K. Ohnishi, Keio University; N. Matsui, Nagoya Institute of Technology; Y. Hori, University of Tokyo; Japan Chapter 10 Microprocessors and Digital ICs for Control of Power Electronics and Drives 480H. Le-Huy, Laval University, Canada Chapter 11 Expert System, Fuzzy Logic, and Neural Networks in Power Electronics and Drives 559B. K. Bose, University of Tennessee, USA References 627 Index 631 Biography of Dr. Bose 639
£170.96
John Wiley & Sons Inc The Story of Electrical and Magnetic Measurements
Book SynopsisJoseph F. Keithley, a modern pioneer of instrumentation, brings you a fascinating history of electrical measurement from the ancient Greeks to the inventors of the early twentieth century. Written in a direct and fluent style, the book illuminates the lives of the most significant inventors in the field, including George Simon Ohm, Andre Marie Ampere, and Jean Baptiste Fourier. Chapter by chapter, meet the inventors in their youth and discover the origins of their lifelong pursuits of electrical measurement. Not only will you find highlights of important technological contributions, you will also learn about the tribulations and excitement that accompany the discoveries of these early masters. Included are nearly 100 rare photographs from museums around the world. THE STORY OF ELECTRICAL AND MAGNETIC MEASUREMENTS is a must read for students and practitioners of physics, electrical engineering, and instrumentation and metrology who want to understand the history behind modeTable of ContentsPreface. Acknowledgments. Measurements from the Beginning through the Middle Ages. The Beginnings of Experimental Science. The First Rotating Electrostatic Generator. Electric Conductors and Insulators. Vitreous and Resinous Electric Fluid. The Leyden Jar--The First Capacitor. A Bolt of Lightning Is an Electric Discharge. Early Electrostatic-Measuring Instruments. The First Quantitative Measurements of Electricity and Magnetism. A Carefully Prepared Leg of a Dead Frog Twitches When Stimulated Electrically. Current Electricity Can Be Produced by Chemical Action. An Electric Current Has an Associated Magnetic Field. The Foundations of Electrodynamics. Early Electromagnetic Indicating Instruments. Mathematics Using Harmonically Related Sinusoids. Ohm's Law: X = a/1, E = IR, or I = V/R. Advanced Applications of Mathematics to Measurements and the Development of Many Magnetic and Electrical Measuring Instruments. Acoustics and Electricity Research. Transformations of Electrical and Mechanical Energy. Electromagnetics and Self-Inductance. The Kelvin Scale, Transatlantic Cable, Sensitive Galvanometers, and Electrometers. Electromagnetic Radiation. The Beginnings of Radio. The Story of a Successful Electrical Instrument Manufacturer. The Discovery of the Electron, Part I. The Discovery of the Electron, Part II: Verifying JJ Thomson's Results and Developments Leading into the Twentieth Century. Appendix: Photo Section. Index. About the Author.
£105.26
Ohio University Press Apartheids Leviathan Electricity and the Power
Book SynopsisBeginning in the 1960s, the security of electricity supply has shaped South Africa’s economic growth and prosperity, and electricity shortages have negatively inflected the rise of its postapartheid democracy. Construction delays and escalating costs have thwarted the nation’s mining, manufacturing, and power generation.Trade ReviewFaeeza Ballim's timely work successfully explains the durability of [electricity utility] Eskom, offers some sense of why the backlash against Eskom (including assassination attempts) is mounting, and offers historians valuable tools for analyzing the relationship between electric power infrastructures and the state. * H-Environment, H-Net Reviews *A fascinating and timely study of South Africa’s state corporations—in particular its national electricity provider Eskom—and their relationship to the (post)apartheid state. Drawing on meticulous historical research, Ballim powerfully revises existing accounts of state power in South Africa and speaks to urgent questions of energy politics and democratization in the present. -- Antina von Schnitzler, author of Democracy's Infrastructure: Techno-Politics and Protest after ApartheidThe inevitable intertwining of power supply, politics and the market has been well explored. Yet in policy debates, one continues to hear calls for the separation of the three parts of the assemblage. Ballim takes up the issue in South Africa and captivatingly shows how calls for disentanglement obscure better insights. -- Richard Rottenburg, University of the WitwatersrandThe trouble of a timely book is that one is tempted to demand proposals and solutions to the current crisis. Apartheid’s Leviathan is not that book and that is perhaps one of its greatest strengths. Faeeza Ballim’s careful exposition of archival documents and valuable insights from first-hand interviews add a human character offering a useful contribution demanding us to reflect on Eskom in its broader historical context. -- Brian Kamanzi * Africa Is a Country *Table of ContentsIntroduction Chapter 1 The Unlikely Exploitation of the Waterberg Chapter 2 The Taming of the Waterberg Chapter 3 Eskom and the Turning of the Tide Chapter 4 Contested Neoliberalism Chapter 5 Labor and Belonging in Lephalale Chapter 6 The Medupi Power Station Conclusion Notes Bibliography Index
£56.10
John Wiley & Sons Inc Fuel Cells Second Edition
Book SynopsisThe comprehensive, accessible introduction to fuel cells, their applications, and the challenges they pose Fuel cells?electrochemical energy devices that produce electricity and heat?present a significant opportunity for cleaner, easier, and more practical energy. However, the excitement over fuel cells within the research community has led to such rapid innovation and development that it can be difficult for those not intimately familiar with the science involved to figure out exactly how this new technology can be used. Fuel Cells: Problems and Solutions, Second Edition addresses this issue head on, presenting the most important information about these remarkable power sources in an easy-to-understand way. Comprising four important sections, the book explores: The fundamentals of fuel cells, how they work, their history, and much more The major types of fuel cells, including proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC), direct liquidTrade Review“I enjoyed reading the book. From an academician point of view, the content and amount of material covered in this book makes it an ideal choice for a beginner-level undergraduate text.” (Nanomaterials and Energy, 6 November 2012)Table of ContentsPREFACE xi PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION xiii SYMBOLS xv ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS xvii PART I INTRODUCTION 1 Introduction 3 What Is a Fuel Cell? Definition of the Term, 3 Significance of Fuel Cells for the Economy, 3 1 The Working Principles of a Fuel Cell 5 1.1 Thermodynamic Aspects, 5 1.2 Schematic Layout of Fuel Cell Units, 9 1.3 Types of Fuel Cells, 13 1.4 Layout of a Real Fuel Cell: The Hydrogen–Oxygen Fuel Cell with Liquid Electrolyte, 13 1.5 Basic Parameters of Fuel Cells, 18 Reference, 24 2 The Long History of Fuel Cells 25 2.1 The Period Prior to 1894, 25 2.2 The Period from 1894 to 1960, 28 2.3 The Period from 1960 to the 1990s, 31 2.4 The Period After the 1990s, 37 References, 38 PART II MAJOR TYPES OF FUEL CELLS 41 3 Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells 43 3.1 History of the PEMFC, 44 3.2 Standard PEMFC Version from the 1990s, 47 3.3 Special Features of PEMFC Operation, 51 3.4 Platinum Catalyst Poisoning by Traces of CO in the Hydrogen, 54 3.5 Commercial Activities in Relation to PEMFCs, 56 3.6 Future Development of PEMFCs, 57 3.7 Elevated-Temperature PEMFCs, 64 References, 67 4 Direct Liquid Fuel Cells 71 Part A: Direct Methanol Fuel Cells, 71 4.1 Methanol as a Fuel for Fuel Cells, 71 4.2 Current-Producing Reactions and Thermodynamic Parameters, 72 4.3 Anodic Oxidation of Methanol, 72 4.4 Milestones in DMFC Development, 74 4.5 Membrane Penetration by Methanol (Methanol Crossover), 74 4.6 Varieties of DMFCs, 77 4.7 Special Operating Features of DMFCs, 79 4.8 Practical Models of DMFCs and Their Features, 81 4.9 Problems to Be Solved in Future DMFCs, 83 Part B: Direct Liquid Fuel Cells, 85 4.10 The Problem of Replacing Methanol, 85 4.11 Fuel Cells Using Organic Liquids as Fuels, 86 4.12 Fuel Cells Using Inorganic Liquids as Fuels, 91 References, 94 5 Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cells 99 5.1 Early Work on Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cells, 99 5.2 Special Features of Aqueous Phosphoric Acid Solutions, 100 5.3 Construction of PAFCs, 101 5.4 Commercial Production of PAFCs, 102 5.5 Development of Large Stationary Power Plants, 103 5.6 The Future of PAFCs, 103 5.7 Importance of PAFCs for Fuel Cell Development, 104 References, 105 6 Alkaline Fuel Cells 107 6.1 Hydrogen–Oxygen AFCs, 108 6.2 Alkaline Hydrazine Fuel Cells, 115 6.3 Anion-Exchange (Hydroxyl Ion–Conducting) Membranes, 118 6.4 Methanol Fuel Cells with Anion-Exchange Membranes, 119 6.5 Methanol Fuel Cell with an Invariant Alkaline Electrolyte, 120 6.6 Direct Ammonia Fuel Cell with an Anion-Exchange Membrane, 121 References, 121 7 Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells 123 7.1 Special Features of High-Temperature Fuel Cells, 123 7.2 Structure of Hydrogen–Oxygen MCFCs, 124 7.3 MCFCs with Internal Fuel Reforming, 126 7.4 Development of MCFC Work, 128 7.5 The Lifetime of MCFCs, 129 References, 131 8 Solid-Oxide Fuel Cells 133 8.1 Schematic Design of Conventional SOFCs, 134 8.2 Tubular SOFCs, 136 8.3 Planar SOFCs, 140 8.4 Monolithic SOFCs, 143 8.5 Varieties of SOFCs, 144 8.6 Utilization of Natural Fuels in SOFCs, 146 8.7 Interim-Temperature SOFCs, 148 8.8 Low-Temperature SOFCs, 152 8.9 Factors Influencing the Lifetime of SOFCs, 154 References, 156 9 Other Types of Fuel Cells 159 9.1 Redox Flow Cells, 159 9.2 Biological Fuel Cells, 162 9.3 Semi-Fuel Cells, 167 9.4 Direct Carbon Fuel Cells, 169 References, 174 10 Fuel Cells and Electrolysis Processes 177 10.1 Water Electrolysis, 177 10.2 Chlor-Alkali Electrolysis, 182 10.3 Electrochemical Synthesis Reactions, 185 References, 187 PART III INHERENT SCIENTIFIC AND ENGINEERING PROBLEMS 189 11 Fuel Management 191 11.1 Reforming of Natural Fuels, 192 11.2 Production of Hydrogen for Autonomous Power Plants, 196 11.3 Purification of Technical Hydrogen, 199 11.4 Hydrogen Transport and Storage, 202 References, 205 12 Electrocatalysis 207 12.1 Fundamentals of Electrocatalysis, 207 12.2 Putting Platinum Catalysts on the Electrodes, 211 12.3 Supports for Platinum Catalysts, 214 12.4 Platinum Alloys and Composites as Catalysts for Anodes, 217 12.5 Nonplatinum Catalysts for Fuel Cell Anodes, 220 12.6 Electrocatalysis of the Oxygen Reduction Reaction, 221 12.7 Stability of Electrocatalysts, 227 References, 228 13 Membranes 233 13.1 Fuel Cell–Related Membrane Problems, 234 13.2 Work to Overcome Degradation of Nafion Membranes, 235 13.3 Modification of Nafion Membranes, 235 13.4 Membranes Made from Polymers Without Fluorine, 237 13.5 Membranes Made from Other Materials, 239 13.6 Matrix-Type Membranes, 239 13.7 Membranes with Hydroxyl Ion Conduction, 240 References, 241 14 Structural and Wetting Properties of Fuel Cell Components 243 Coauthor: Yurij M. Volfkovich 14.1 Methods for Investigating Porous Materials, 244 14.2 A New Method: The Method of Standard Contact Porosimetry, 245 14.3 Catalysts Used in Fuel Cells, 248 14.4 The Catalytic Layer, 252 14.5 The Gas-Diffusion Layer, 254 14.6 Membranes, 257 14.7 Influence of Structural and Wetting Properties on Fuel Cell Performance, 262 References, 264 15 Mathematical Modeling of Fuel Cells 267 Felix N. B¨uchi 15.1 Zero-Dimensional Models, 270 15.2 One-Dimensional Models, 270 15.3 Two-Dimensional Models, 271 15.4 Three-Dimensional Models, 272 15.5 Time Domain, 273 15.6 Concluding Remarks, 273 References, 274 16 Experimental Methods for Investigating Fuel Cell Stacks 275 16.1 Methods Developed Before 2007, 277 16.2 Optical, X-Ray, and EM Methods, 278 16.3 Neutron Beam–Based Methods, 281 16.4 Electrochemical Methods, 283 16.5 Miscellaneous Methods, 286 References, 288 17 Small Fuel Cells for Portable Devices 291 17.1 Special Operating Features of Mini-Fuel Cells, 292 17.2 Flat Mini-Fuel Batteries, 293 17.3 Silicon-Based Mini-Fuel Cells, 296 17.4 PCB-Based Mini-Fuel Cells, 298 17.5 Mini-Solid-Oxide Fuel Cells, 299 17.6 The Problem of Air-Breathing Cathodes, 300 17.7 Prototypes of Power Units with Mini-Fuel Cells, 301 17.8 Concluding Remarks, 304 References, 305 18 Nonconventional Design Principles for Fuel Cells 307 18.1 Conventional Design Principles and Their Drawbacks, 307 18.2 The Principle of Mixed-Reactant Supply: Mixed-Reactant Fuel Cells, 308 18.3 Coplanar Fuel Cell Design: Strip Cells, 310 18.4 The Flow-Through Electrode Principle, 312 18.5 Single-Chamber SOFCs, 313 18.6 Microfluidic Fuel Cells, 319 References, 321 PART IV COMMERCIALIZATION OF FUEL CELLS 325 19 Applications 327 19.1 Large Stationary Power Plants, 327 19.2 Small Stationary Power Units, 332 19.3 Fuel Cells for Transport Applications, 335 19.4 Portables, 341 19.5 Military Applications, 345 19.6 Handicaps Preventing a Broader Commercialization of Fuel Cells, 347 References, 348 20 Fuel Cell Work in Various Countries 351 20.1 Driving Forces for Fuel Cell Work, 351 20.2 Fuel Cells and the Hydrogen Economy, 353 20.3 Activities in North America, 355 20.4 Activities in Europe, 356 20.5 Activities in other Countries, 357 20.6 The Volume of Published Fuel Cell Work, 359 20.7 Legislation and Standardization in the Field of Fuel Cells, 361 References, 362 21 Outlook 363 21.1 Periods of Alternating Hope and Disappointment, 363 21.2 Some Misconceptions, 364 Klaus Müller 21.3 Ideal Fuel Cells, 366 21.4 Projected Future of Fuel Cells, 368 References, 369 GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHY 371 AUTHOR INDEX 373 SUBJECT INDEX 379
£90.86
Wiley Fundamentals of Infrared and Visible Detector Operation and Testing
Book SynopsisPresents a comprehensive introduction to the selection, operation, and testing of infrareddevices, including a description of modern detector assemblies and their operation This book discusses how to use and test infrared and visible detectors. The book provides a convenient reference for those entering the field of IR detector design, test or use, those who work in the peripheral areas, and those who teach and train others in the field. Chapter 1 contains introductory material. Radiometry is covered in Chapter 2. The author examines Thermal detectors in Chapter 3; the Classical photon detectors simple photoconductors and photovoltaics in Chapter 4; and Modern Photon Detectors in Chapter 5. Chapters 6 through 8 consider respectively individual elements and small arrays of elements the readouts (ROICs) used with large imaging arrays; and Electronics for FPA Operation and Testing. The Test Set and The Testing Process are analyzed in Chapters 9 and 10, with emphasTrade Review“This is a useful guidebook for anyone involved with system design and testing of visible and infrared detectors.” (Optics & Photonics News, 31 December 2015)Review for first edition:www.ans.org/pubs/journals/download/a_29665 BOOK REVIEW Selection of books for review is based on the editor's opinions regarding possible reader interest and on the availability of the book to the editor. Occasional selections may include books on topics somewhat peripheral to the subject matter ordinarily considered acceptable. Fundamentals of Infrared Detector Operation and Testing Author John David Vincent Publisher John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Price $54.95 Reviewer M. Alfred Akerman I thought that I already had all the books that I needed in the infrared detector category when this one arrived. After all, how many such books does one need when one's day to-day work deals with optical materials development, not infrared detection? Both major sections of the book are slow starting, so do not plan to make this bedtime reading. Much of the book consists of tables and references, so do not think that it can be read straight through and everything there is to know will be learned. Consider the major headings of the contents of the book. There are two major units: "Detectors and Detector Operation" and "Related Skills." The first unit deals with fundamentals, detector types and operation, radiometry, test sets, and detector testing. What makes the book easy to use is that there is an introduction to each subject, followed by more detail. As an example, under "Detector Operation," major components of a detector are identified and their use explained in a single sentence. Subsequent sections go into increasing detail about each component. One need not read an entire chapter to find out what one wants to know. The second unit has the following major parts: science and measurements, cryogenics, vacuum practices, optics and optical materials, and electronics. In many respects, it is this second part of the book that is the most intriguing. The technology covered in these sections applies to many more areas than infrared detectors. I happened to have the book in my briefcase when I went out of town for a few days to do an acceptance test at a factory. The machine under test failed to cool a sample to liquid helium temperatures in a reasonable time. Was the reason excessive radiative heat transfer, inadequate conductive thermal transfer, or not enough liquid helium passing through the cooling lines? I thought about it awhile, gave up when I saw how many constants I was lacking, and decided to do something more productive, like reading the book I was supposed to be reviewing. Having noted a section on cyrogenics, I flipped a few pages, and there was everything that I needed to solve the aforementioned problem. The next day I walked into the factory with an extra spring in my step because there was no longer any doubt that the problem was due to thermal resistance between different parts of the cooling mechanism. There was plenty of information in the book to solve the problem and plenty of explanation so that a neophyte could be confident that it was being used correctly. In virtually every section of this book, one finds similar combinations of data and equations that are not found in any other single reference. These provide useful insight into problems encountered in everyday work. In fact, Vincent emphasizes that his text is a compilation of notes, derivations, and summaries of articles from the literature and excerpts of sections from books such as that by Dereniak and Crowe1 and that by Wolfe and Zissis.2 In addition, sizable bibliographies are provided. Reference 1 covers detection of light of all wavelengths and goes into some of the state-of-the-art configurations in which detectors are used. There is a set of problems at the end of each chapter that make Ref. 1 suitable as a textbook. Reference 2 is an excellent source book for anyone seriously pursuing the infrared art. It goes beyond the tutorial format and includes charts, tables, manufacturers of equipment, and specifications. While Vincent has used material from Refs. 1 and 2, he has not covered everything, and readers seeking more depth or breadth may want Refs. 1 and 2 as well. Books by Verdeyen3 and Yariv4 are useful because of the great number of subjects that they cover. These two books cover light sources as well as detectors and provide a very good brief introduction to the subject. They, too, include selected problems at the end of each chapter. Everyone knows that one cannot judge a book by its cover. It is equally true that one cannot judge a book by the dust jacket. After reading just a few words of the jacket, I found the word "radioactive" where Vincent's editor probably meant "radiative." This really changes the meaning, but the book itself appears free of such errors. A different kind of error appears in a section on graphing: "Selection of the scale is not as easy as one might think, 509 FUSION TECHNOLOGY VOL. 20 DEC. 1991 since several objectives should be satisfied. This may not be feasible, in which case you will need to make compromises." This kind of description slows one down but does not take away from the overall usefulness of the book. In general, the book is written and indexed so that one can turn to a particular section and learn what is needed without much shuffling and page turning. There is enough material in the book to make it useful not only to a graduate student delving deeply into the lore of infrared but also to a person in a related field who just needs to be reminded of a fact here and there that he once knew but forgot. There are problems at the end of each chapter for those who want to see if they really understand the material. Unfortunately, the answers are not in the back of the book! For fusion research, virtually every subject covered in the book will have an application, although the words "fusion" and "plasma" do not appear in the table of contents or in the index. The material is organized in such a way that one can pick what is needed to solve a problem with a detector, or use a detector, or design arid build a detector. It just happens that many of the technology areas covered also apply to experimental fusion research; for instance, infrared detection, radiometry, cryogenics, vacuum practices, optics, and electronics. In conclusion, the book is well written and provides enough data tables to be relatively self-contained. It is the size of a standard textbook and can easily be thrown into a briefcase for use during a quiet evening at home or to solve an unexpected problem on a trip. Any person doing physical sciences experimentation or building missiles in an aerospace company would find use for this book. I am now thoroughly convinced that I do need another book in this category, and this is the book. M. Alfred Akerman is the technical director of the Advanced Optics Program at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Table of ContentsForeword ix Preface xiii About the Companion Website xv Unit I Detector Basics 1 1 Introduction and Overview 3 2 Radiometry 25 3 Thermal Detectors: Mechanisms, Operation, and Performance 85 4 Classical Photon Detectors: Simple Photoconductor and Photovoltaics 105 5 Modern Photon Detectors 149 Unit II Detector Assemblies 171 6 Single Detector Assemblies and Small Arrays 173 7 Readout Integrated Circuits 191 8 Electronics for FPA Operation 237 Unit III Testing 257 9 Test Equipment 259 10 Detector Testing 315 Unit IV Related Skills 379 11 Measurements and Uncertainty 381 12 Cryogenics 407 13 Vacuum 441 14 Optics and Optical Materials 469 15 Fourier Analysis of Detector Problems 507 Appendix A – Symbols, Abbreviations, and Acronyms 549 Index 553
£109.76
John Wiley & Sons Inc Electromagnetic Wave Propagation Radiation and
Book SynopsisOne of the most methodical treatments of electromagnetic wave propagation, radiation, and scatteringincluding new applications and ideas Presented in two parts, this book takes an analytical approach on the subject and emphasizes new ideas and applications used today. Part one covers fundamentals of electromagnetic wave propagation, radiation, and scattering. It provides ample end-of-chapter problems and offers a 90-page solution manual to help readers check and comprehend their work. The second part of the book explores up-to-date applications of electromagnetic wavesincluding radiometry, geophysical remote sensing and imaging, and biomedical and signal processing applications. Written by a world renowned authority in the field of electromagnetic research, this new edition of Electromagnetic Wave Propagation, Radiation, and Scattering: From Fundamentals to Applications presents detailed applications with useful appendices, including mathematical formulasTable of ContentsAbout The Author Xix Preface Xxi Preface To The First Edition Xxv Acknowledgments Xxvii Part I Fundamentals 1 1 Introduction 3 2 Fundamental Field Equations 7 2.1 Maxwell’s Equations / 7 2.2 Time-Harmonic Case / 10 2.3 Constitutive Relations / 11 2.4 Boundary Conditions / 15 2.5 Energy Relations and Poynting’s Theorem / 18 2.6 Vector and Scalar Potentials / 22 2.7 Electric Hertz Vector / 24 2.8 Duality Principle and Symmetry of Maxwell’s Equations / 25 2.9 Magnetic Hertz Vector / 26 2.10 Uniqueness Theorem / 27 2.11 Reciprocity Theorem / 28 2.12 Acoustic Waves / 30 Problems / 33 3 Waves In Inhomogeneous And Layered Media 35 3.1 Wave Equation for a Time-Harmonic Case / 35 3.2 Time-Harmonic Plane-Wave Propagation in Homogeneous Media / 36 3.3 Polarization / 37 3.4 Plane-Wave Incidence on a Plane Boundary: Perpendicular Polarization (s Polarization) / 39 3.5 Electric Field Parallel to a Plane of Incidence: Parallel Polarization (p Polarization) / 43 3.6 Fresnel Formula, Brewster’s Angle, and Total Reflection / 44 3.7 Waves in Layered Media / 47 3.8 Acoustic Reflection and Transmission from a Boundary / 50 3.9 Complex Waves / 51 3.10 Trapped Surface Wave (Slow Wave) and Leaky Wave / 54 3.11 Surface Waves Along a Dielectric Slab / 57 3.12 Zenneck Waves and Plasmons / 63 3.13 Waves in Inhomogeneous Media / 66 3.14 WKB Method / 68 3.15 Bremmer Series / 72 3.16 WKB Solution for the Turning Point / 76 3.17 Trapped Surface-Wave Modes in an Inhomogeneous Slab / 77 3.18 Medium With Prescribed Profile / 80 Problems / 81 4 Waveguides And Cavities 85 4.1 Uniform Electromagnetic Waveguides / 85 4.2 TM Modes or E Modes / 86 4.3 TE Modes or H Modes / 87 4.4 Eigenfunctions and Eigenvalues / 89 4.5 General Properties of Eigenfunctions for Closed Regions / 91 4.6 k–β Diagram and Phase and Group Velocities / 95 4.7 Rectangular Waveguides / 98 4.8 Cylindrical Waveguides / 100 4.9 TEM Modes / 104 4.10 Dispersion of a Pulse in a Waveguide / 106 4.11 Step-Index Optical Fibers / 109 4.12 Dispersion of Graded-Index Fibers / 116 4.13 Radial and Azimuthal Waveguides / 117 4.14 Cavity Resonators / 120 4.15 Waves in Spherical Structures / 123 4.16 Spherical Waveguides and Cavities / 128 Problems / 133 5 Green’s Functions 137 5.1 Electric and Magnetic Dipoles in Homogeneous Media / 137 5.2 Electromagnetic Fields Excited by an Electric Dipole in a Homogeneous Medium / 139 5.3 Electromagnetic Fields Excited by a Magnetic Dipole in a Homogeneous Medium / 144 5.4 Scalar Green’s Function for Closed Regions and Expansion of Green’s Function in a Series of Eigenfunctions / 145 5.5 Green’s Function in Terms of Solutions of the Homogeneous Equation / 150 5.6 Fourier Transform Method / 155 5.7 Excitation of a Rectangular Waveguide / 157 5.8 Excitation of a Conducting Cylinder / 159 5.9 Excitation of a Conducting Sphere / 163 Problems / 166 6 Radiation From Apertures And Beam Waves 169 6.1 Huygens’ Principle and Extinction Theorem / 169 6.2 Fields Due to the Surface Field Distribution / 173 6.3 Kirchhoff Approximation / 176 6.4 Fresnel and Fraunhofer Diffraction / 178 6.5 Fourier Transform (Spectral) Representation / 182 6.6 Beam Waves / 183 6.7 Goos–Hanchen Effect / 187 6.8 Higher-Order Beam-Wave Modes / 191 6.9 Vector Green’s Theorem, Stratton–Chu Formula, and Franz Formula / 194 6.10 Equivalence Theorem / 197 6.11 Kirchhoff Approximation for Electromagnetic Waves / 198 Problems / 199 7 Periodic Structures And Coupled-Mode Theory 201 7.1 Floquet’s Theorem / 202 7.2 Guided Waves Along Periodic Structures / 203 7.3 Periodic Layers / 209 7.4 Plane Wave Incidence on a Periodic Structure / 213 7.5 Scattering from Periodic Surfaces Based on the Rayleigh Hypothesis / 219 7.6 Coupled-Mode Theory / 224 Problems / 229 8 Dispersion And Anisotropic Media 233 8.1 Dielectric Material and Polarizability / 233 8.2 Dispersion of Dielectric Material / 235 8.3 Dispersion of Conductor and Isotropic Plasma / 237 8.4 Debye Relaxation Equation and Dielectric Constant of Water / 240 8.5 Interfacial Polarization / 240 8.6 Mixing Formula / 241 8.7 Dielectric Constant and Permeability for Anisotropic Media / 244 8.8 Magnetoionic Theory for Anisotropic Plasma / 244 8.9 Plane-Wave Propagation in Anisotropic Media / 247 8.10 Plane-Wave Propagation in Magnetoplasma / 248 8.11 Propagation Along the DC Magnetic Field / 249 8.12 Faraday Rotation / 253 8.13 Propagation Perpendicular to the DC Magnetic Field / 255 8.14 The Height of the Ionosphere / 256 8.15 Group Velocity in Anisotropic Medium / 257 8.16 Warm Plasma / 259 8.17 Wave Equations for Warm Plasma / 261 8.18 Ferrite and the Derivation of Its Permeability Tensor / 263 8.19 Plane-Wave Propagation in Ferrite / 266 8.20 Microwave Devices Using Ferrites / 267 8.21 Lorentz Reciprocity Theorem for Anisotropic Media / 270 8.22 Bi-Anisotropic Media and Chiral Media / 272 8.23 Superconductors, London Equation, and the Meissner Effects / 276 8.24 Two-Fluid Model of Superconductors at High Frequencies / 278 Problems / 280 9 Antennas, Apertures, And Arrays 285 9.1 Antenna Fundamentals / 285 9.2 Radiation Fields of Given Electric and Magnetic Current Distributions / 289 9.3 Radiation Fields of Dipoles, Slots, and Loops / 292 9.4 Antenna Arrays with Equal and Unequal Spacings / 296 9.5 Radiation Fields from a Given Aperture Field Distribution / 301 9.6 Radiation from Microstrip Antennas / 305 9.7 Self- and Mutual Impedances of Wire Antennas with Given Current Distributions / 308 9.8 Current Distribution of a Wire Antenna / 313 Problems / 314 10 Scattering Of Waves By Conducting And Dielectric Objects 317 10.1 Cross Sections and Scattering Amplitude / 318 10.2 Radar Equations / 321 10.3 General Properties of Cross Sections / 322 10.4 Integral Representations of Scattering Amplitude and Absorption Cross Sections / 325 10.5 Rayleigh Scattering for a Spherical Object / 328 10.6 Rayleigh Scattering for a Small Ellipsoidal Object / 330 10.7 Rayleigh–Debye Scattering (Born Approximation) / 334 10.8 Elliptic Polarization and Stokes Parameters / 338 10.9 Partial Polarization and Natural Light / 341 10.10 Scattering Amplitude Functions f11, f12, f21, and f22 and the Stokes Matrix / 342 10.11 Acoustic Scattering / 344 10.12 Scattering Cross Section of a Conducting Body / 346 10.13 Physical Optics Approximation / 347 10.14 Moment Method: Computer Applications / 350 Problems / 354 11 Waves In Cylindrical Structures, Spheres, And Wedges 357 11.1 Plane Wave Incident on a Conducting Cylinder / 357 11.2 Plane Wave Incident on a Dielectric Cylinder / 361 11.3 Axial Dipole Near a Conducting Cylinder / 364 11.4 Radiation Field / 366 11.5 Saddle-Point Technique / 368 11.6 Radiation from a Dipole and Parseval’s Theorem / 371 11.7 Large Cylinders and the Watson Transform / 373 11.8 Residue Series Representation and Creeping Waves / 376 11.9 Poisson’s Sum Formula, Geometric Optical Region, and Fock Representation / 379 11.10 Mie Scattering by a Dielectric Sphere / 382 11.11 Axial Dipole in the Vicinity of a Conducting Wedge / 390 11.12 Line Source and Plane Wave Incident on a Wedge / 392 11.13 Half-Plane Excited by a Plane Wave / 394 Problems / 395 12 Scattering By Complex Objects 401 12.1 Scalar Surface Integral Equations for Soft and Hard Surfaces / 402 12.2 Scalar Surface Integral Equations for a Penetrable Homogeneous Body / 404 12.3 EFIE and MFIE / 406 12.4 T-Matrix Method (Extended Boundary Condition Method) / 408 12.5 Symmetry and Unitarity of the T-Matrix and the Scattering Matrix / 414 12.6 T-Matrix Solution for Scattering from Periodic Sinusoidal Surfaces / 416 12.7 Volume Integral Equations for Inhomogeneous Bodies: TM Case / 418 12.8 Volume Integral Equations for Inhomogeneous Bodies: TE Case / 423 12.9 Three-Dimensional Dielectric Bodies / 426 12.10 Electromagnetic Aperture Integral Equations for a Conducting Screen / 427 12.11 Small Apertures / 430 12.12 Babinet’s Principle and Slot and Wire Antennas / 433 12.13 Electromagnetic Diffraction by Slits and Ribbons / 439 12.14 Related Problems / 441 Problems / 441 13 Geometric Theory Of Diffraction And Lowfrequency Techniques 443 13.1 Geometric Theory of Diffraction / 444 13.2 Diffraction by a Slit for Dirichlet’s Problem / 447 13.3 Diffraction by a Slit for Neumann’s Problem and Slope Diffraction / 452 13.4 Uniform Geometric Theory of Diffraction for an Edge / 455 13.5 Edge Diffraction for a Point Source / 457 13.6 Wedge Diffraction for a Point Source / 461 13.7 Slope Diffraction and Grazing Incidence / 463 13.8 Curved Wedge / 463 13.9 Other High-Frequency Techniques / 465 13.10 Vertex and Surface Diffraction / 466 13.11 Low-Frequency Scattering / 467 Problems / 470 14 Planar Layers, Strip Lines, Patches, And Apertures 473 14.1 Excitation of Waves in a Dielectric Slab / 473 14.2 Excitation of Waves in a Vertically Inhomogeneous Medium / 481 14.3 Strip Lines / 485 14.4 Waves Excited by Electric and Magnetic Currents Perpendicular to Dielectric Layers / 492 14.5 Waves Excited by Transverse Electric and Magnetic Currents in Dielectric Layers / 496 14.6 Strip Lines Embedded in Dielectric Layers / 500 14.7 Periodic Patches and Apertures Embedded in Dielectric Layers / 502 Problems / 506 15 Radiation From A Dipole On The Conducting Earth 509 15.1 Sommerfeld Dipole Problem / 509 15.2 Vertical Electric Dipole Located Above the Earth / 510 15.3 Reflected Waves in Air / 514 15.4 Radiation Field: Saddle-Point Technique / 517 15.5 Field Along the Surface and the Singularities of the Integrand / 519 15.6 Sommerfeld Pole and Zenneck Wave / 521 15.7 Solution to the Sommerfeld Problem / 524 15.8 Lateral Waves: Branch Cut Integration / 528 15.9 Refracted Wave / 536 15.10 Radiation from a Horizontal Dipole / 538 15.11 Radiation in Layered Media / 541 15.12 Geometric Optical Representation / 545 15.13 Mode and Lateral Wave Representation / 549 Problems / 550 Part II Applications 553 16 Inverse Scattering 555 16.1 Radon Transform and Tomography / 555 16.2 Alternative Inverse Radon Transform in Terms of the Hilbert Transform / 559 16.3 Diffraction Tomography / 561 16.4 Physical Optics Inverse Scattering / 567 16.5 Holographic Inverse Source Problem / 570 16.6 Inverse Problems and Abel’s Integral Equation Applied to Probing of the Ionosphere / 572 16.7 Radar Polarimetry and Radar Equation / 575 16.8 Optimization of Polarization / 578 16.9 Stokes Vector Radar Equation and Polarization Signature / 580 16.10 Measurement of Stokes Parameter / 582 Problems / 584 17 Radiometry, Noise Temperature, And Interferometry 587 17.1 Radiometry / 587 17.2 Brightness and Flux Density / 588 17.3 Blackbody Radiation and Antenna Temperature / 589 17.4 Equation of Radiative Transfer / 592 17.5 Scattering Cross Sections and Absorptivity and Emissivity of a Surface / 594 17.6 System Temperature / 598 17.7 Minimum Detectable Temperature / 600 17.8 Radar Range Equation / 601 17.9 Aperture Illumination and Brightness Distributions / 602 17.10 Two-Antenna Interferometer / 604 Problems / 607 18 Stochastic Wave Theories 611 18.1 Stochastic Wave Equations and Statistical Wave Theories / 612 18.2 Scattering in Troposphere, Ionosphere, and Atmospheric Optics / 612 18.3 Turbid Medium, Radiative Transfer, and Reciprocity / 612 18.4 Stochastic Sommerfeld Problem, Seismic Coda, and Subsurface Imaging / 613 18.5 Stochastic Green’s Function and Stochastic Boundary Problems / 615 18.6 Channel Capacity of Communication Systems with Random Media Mutual Coherence Function / 619 18.7 Integration of Statistical Waves with Other Disciplines / 621 18.8 Some Accounts of Historical Development of Statistical Wave Theories / 622 19 Geophysical Remote Sensing And Imaging 625 19.1 Polarimetric Radar / 626 19.2 Scattering Models for Geophysical Medium and Decomposition Theorem / 630 19.3 Polarimetric Weather Radar / 632 19.4 Nonspherical Raindrops and Differential Reflectivity / 634 19.5 Propagation Constant in Randomly Distributed Nonspherical Particles / 636 19.6 Vector Radiative Transfer Theory / 638 19.7 Space–Time Radiative Transfer / 639 19.8 Wigner Distribution Function and Specific Intensity / 641 19.9 Stokes Vector Emissivity from Passive Surface and Ocean Wind Directions / 644 19.10 Van Cittert–Zernike Theorem Applied to Aperture Synthesis Radiometers Including Antenna Temperature / 646 19.11 Ionospheric Effects on SAR Image / 650 20 Biomedical Em, Optics, And Ultrasound 657 20.1 Bioelectromagnetics / 658 20.2 Bio-EM and Heat Diffusion in Tissues / 659 20.3 Bio-Optics, Optical Absorption and Scattering in Blood / 663 20.4 Optical Diffusion in Tissues / 666 20.5 Photon Density Waves / 670 20.6 Optical Coherence Tomography and Low Coherence Interferometry / 672 20.7 Ultrasound Scattering and Imaging of Tissues / 677 20.8 Ultrasound in Blood / 680 21 Waves In Metamaterials And Plasmon 685 21.1 Refractive Index n and μ–ε Diagram / 686 21.2 Plane Waves, Energy Relations, and Group Velocity / 688 21.3 Split-Ring Resonators / 689 21.4 Generalized Constitutive Relations for Metamaterials / 692 21.5 Space–Time Wave Packet Incident on Dispersive Metamaterial and Negative Refraction / 697 21.6 Backward Lateral Waves and Backward Surface Waves / 701 21.7 Negative Goos–Hanchen Shift / 704 21.8 Perfect Lens, Subwavelength Focusing, and Evanescent Waves / 708 21.9 Brewster’s Angle in NIM and Acoustic Brewster’s Angle / 712 21.10 Transformation Electromagnetics and Invisible Cloak / 716 21.11 Surface Flattening Coordinate Transform / 720 22 Time-Reversal Imaging 723 22.1 Time-Reversal Mirror in Free Space / 724 22.2 Super Resolution of Time-Reversed Pulse in Multiple Scattering Medium / 729 22.3 Time-Reversal Imaging of Single and Multiple Targets and DORT (Decomposition of Time- eversal Operator) / 731 22.4 Time-Reversal Imaging of Targets in Free Space / 735 22.5 Time-Reversal Imaging and SVD (Singular Value Decomposition) / 739 22.6 Time-Reversal Imaging with MUSIC (Multiple Signal Classification) / 739 22.7 Optimum Power Transfer by Time-Reversal Technique / 740 23 Scattering By Turbulence, Particles, Diffuse Medium, And Rough Surfaces 743 23.1 Scattering by Atmospheric and Ionospheric Turbulence / 743 23.2 Scattering Cross Section per Unit Volume of Turbulence / 746 23.3 Scattering for a Narrow Beam Case / 748 23.4 Scattering Cross Section Per Unit Volume of Rain and Fog / 750 23.5 Gaussian and Henyey–Greenstein Scattering Formulas / 751 23.6 Scattering Cross Section Per Unit Volume of Turbulence, Particles, and Biological Media / 752 23.7 Line-of-Sight Propagation, Born and Rytov Approximation / 753 23.8 Modified Rytov Solution with Power Conservation, and Mutual Coherence Function / 754 23.9 MCF for Line-of-Sight Wave Propagation in Turbulence / 756 23.10 Correlation Distance and Angular Spectrum / 759 23.11 Coherence Time and Spectral Broadening / 760 23.12 Pulse Propagation, Coherence Bandwidth, and Pulse Broadening / 761 23.13 Weak and Strong Fluctuations and Scintillation Index / 762 23.14 Rough Surface Scattering, Perturbation Solution, Transition Operator / 765 23.15 Scattering by Rough Interfaces Between Two Media / 771 23.16 Kirchhoff Approximation of Rough Surface Scattering / 774 23.17 Frequency and Angular Correlation of Scattered Waves from Rough Surfaces and Memory Effects / 779 24 Coherence In Multiple Scattering And Diagram Method 785 24.1 Enhanced Radar Cross Section in Turbulence / 786 24.2 Enhanced Backscattering from Rough Surfaces / 787 24.3 Enhanced Backscattering from Particles and Photon Localization / 789 24.4 Multiple Scattering Formulations, the Dyson and Bethe–Salpeter Equations / 791 24.5 First-Order Smoothing Approximation / 793 24.6 First- and Second-Order Scattering and Backscattering Enhancement / 794 24.7 Memory Effects / 795 25 Solitons And Optical Fibers 797 25.1 History / 797 25.2 KDV (Korteweg–De Vries) Equation for Shallow Water / 799 25.3 Optical Solitons in Fibers / 802 26 Porous Media, Permittivity, Fluid Permeability Of Shales And Seismic Coda 807 26.1 Porous Medium and Shale, Superfracking / 808 26.2 Permittivity and Conductivity of Porous Media, Archie’s Law, and Percolation and Fractal / 809 26.3 Fluid Permeability and Darcy’s Law / 811 26.4 Seismic Coda, P-Wave, S-Wave, and Rayleigh Surface Wave / 812 26.5 Earthquake Magnitude Scales / 813 26.6 Waveform Envelope Broadening and Coda / 814 26.7 Coda in Heterogeneous Earth Excited by an Impulse Source / 815 26.8 S-wave Coda and Rayleigh Surface Wave / 819 Appendices 821 References 913 Index 929
£113.36
