Earth Sciences, Geography & Environment Books

Book SynopsisOver the last decade, molecular studies carried out on the Australasian biota have revealed a new world of organic structure that exists from submicroscopic to continental scale. Furthermore, in studies of global biogeography and evolution, DNA sequencing has shown that many large groups, such as flowering plants, passerine birds and squamates, have their basal components in this area. Using examples ranging from kangaroos and platypuses to kiwis and birds of paradise, the book examines the patterns of distribution and evolution of Australasian biodiversity and explains them with reference to tectonic and climatic change in the region. The surprising results from molecular biogeography demonstrate that an understanding of evolution in Australasia is essential for understanding the development of modern life on Earth. A milestone in the literature on this subject, this book will be a valuable source of reference for students and researchers in biogeography, biodiversity, ecology and conTable of ContentsPreface; Acknowledgements; Abbreviations; 1. The spatial component of evolution; 2. Evolution in time; 3. Global affinities of Australasian groups; 4. Biogeography of Australia; 5. The Tasman-Coral Sea region: a centre of high biodiversity; 6. Distribution in and around the Tasman region; 7. Biogeography of New Zealand; 8. Biogeography of New Caledonia; 9. Biogeography of New Guinea and neighbouring islands; 10. Biogeography of the Philippines; 11. Conclusions; Glossary; References; Index.

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Book SynopsisOne of the greatest challenges facing human civilization is the provision of secure, affordable energy without causing catastrophic environmental damage. As the world''s largest economy, and as a world leader in energy technologies, the United States is a particularly important case. In the light of increased competition from other countries (particularly China), growing concerns about the local and global environmental impacts of the energy system, an ever-present interest in energy security, and the realization that technological innovation takes place in a complex ecosystem involving a wide range of domestic and international actors, this volume provides a comprehensive and analytical assessment of the role that the US government should play in energy technology innovation. It will be invaluable for policy makers in energy innovation and for researchers studying energy innovation, future energy technologies, climate-change mitigation, and innovation management. It will act as a suppTrade Review'… this volume is an invaluable addition to a wider energy innovation literature that can, and should, be read by US policy-makers, particularly at the federal level. It is an account of how the US federal government has been responding to the need for [research, development and demonstration] RD&D in the energy sector. It is a critical analysis of how the RD&D aspect of US energy innovation, especially its ever-changing political dynamics can be accelerated. It also offers a thorough discussion of how RD&D could be systematically facilitated through a structured approach. It is a concise, well-focused study of the RD&D aspect of a rather complex and messy energy innovation system.' Laurence L. Delina, Journal Science and Public PolicyTable of Contents1. The need to transform US energy innovation Matthew Bunn, Laura Diaz Anadon and Venkatesh Narayanamurti; 2. Expanding, and improving targeting of, US investment in energy innovation: an analytical approach Laura Diaz Anadon, Gabriel Chan and Audrey Lee; 3. Reforming US energy innovation institutions: maximizing the return on investment Nathaniel Logar, Venkatesh Narayanamurti and Laura Diaz Anadon; 4. Encouraging private-sector energy technology innovation and public-private cooperation Charles Jones, Laura Diaz Anadon and Venkatesh Narayanamurti; 5. Maximizing the benefit from international energy innovation cooperation Ruud Kempener, Matthew Bunn and Laura Diaz Anadon; 6. Transforming US energy innovation: how do we get there? Laura Diaz Anadon, Venkatesh Narayanamurti and Matthew Bunn.

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Book SynopsisThe Seismic Analysis Code (SAC) is one of the most widely used analysis packages for regional and teleseismic seismic data. For the first time, this book provides users at introductory and advanced levels with a complete guide to SAC. It leads new users of SAC through the steps of learning basic commands, describes the SAC processing philosophy, and presents its macro language in full, supported throughout with example inputs and outputs from SAC. For more experienced practitioners, the book describes SAC's many hidden features, including advanced graphics aspects, its file structure, how to write independent programs to access and create files, and much more. Tutorial exercises engage users with newly acquired skills, providing data and code to implement the standard methods of teleseismic shear-wave splitting and receiver function analysis. Methodical and authoritative, this is a key resource for researchers and graduate students in global seismology, earthquake seismology and geophyTable of ContentsPreface; Acknowledgements; 1. Introduction; 2. SAC data format; 3. SAC processing philosophy; 4. Basic SAC commands; 5. SAC macros; 6. Accessing SAC functionality and data from external programs; 7. Graphical data annotation; 8. Array data handling; 9. Spectral estimation in SAC; 10. 3D data in SAC; 11. Implementation of common processing methodologies using SAC; Appendix A. Alphabetical list of SAC commands; Appendix B. Keyword in context for SAC command descriptions; References; Index.

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Book SynopsisDespite a growing interest in critical social and political studies of climate change, the field remains fragmented and diffuse. This is the first volume to collect this body of scholarship, providing a key reference point in the growing debate about climate change across the social sciences. The book provides a new set of insights into the ways in which climate change is creating new forms of social order, and the ways in which they are structured through the workings of rationality, power and politics. Governing the Climate is invaluable for three main audiences: social science researchers and advanced students in the field of climate change; the wider research community interested in global environmental politics and global environmental governance; and policy makers and researchers concerned more broadly with environmental politics at international, national and local levels.Trade Review'Climate change is simply too important to leave solely to conventional modes of governance. The kind of theoretical work in this volume can't solve climate problems, nor can it provide clear administrative blueprints for policy makers, but it does show forcefully that in the face of rapid climate change thinking in new ways about many things is now unavoidable both in the United Nations system and beyond.' Simon Dalby, ACUNS (acuns.org)Table of ContentsIntroduction Johannes Stripple and Harriet Bulkeley; Part I. Governmentality, Critical Theory and Climate Change: 1. Bringing governmentality to the study of global governance Eva Lövbrand and Johannes Stripple; 2. Experimenting on climate governmentality with actor-network theory Anders Blok; 3. Third side of the coin: hegemony and governmentality in global climate politics Benjamin Stephan, Delf Rothe and Chris Methman; 4. The limits of climate governmentality Carl Death; Part II. Cases of Climate Government: Theorising Practice: 5. Neuro-liberal climatic governmentalities Marc Whitehead, Rhys Jones and Jessica Pykett; 6. Making carbon calculations Sally Eden; 7. Smart meters and the governance of energy use in the household Tom Hargreaves; 8. Translation loops and shifting rationalities of transnational bioenergy governance Jarmo Kortelainen and Moritz Albrecht; 9. Governing mobile species in a climate-changed world Juliet J. Fall; 10. Measuring forest carbon Heather Lovell; 11. Climate security as governmentality: from precaution to preparedness Angela Oels; Part III. Future Directions: 12. The rise and fall of the global climate polity Olaf Corry; 13. Climate change multiple Samuel Randalls; 14. Reflections and way forward Harriet Bulkeley and Johannes Stripple.

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Book SynopsisThis Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) will again form the standard scientific reference for all those concerned with climate change and its consequences, including students and researchers in environmental science, meteorology, climatology, biology, ecology and atmospheric chemistry. It provides invaluable material for decision makers and stakeholders at international, national and local level, in government, businesses, and NGOs. This volume provides: â An authoritative and unbiased overview of the physical science basis of climate change â A more extensive assessment of changes observed throughout the climate system than ever before â New dedicated chapters on sea-level change, biogeochemical cycles, clouds and aerosols, and regional climate phenomena â Extensive coverage of model projections, both near-term and long-term climate projections â A detailed assessment of climate change observations, modelling, and attribution for every contTrade ReviewReview of the Fourth Assessment Report – Climate Change 2007: '… a milestone for climate change science and policy.' ScienceReview of the Fourth Assessment Report – Climate Change 2007: '… the world's most authoritative voice on global warming … Every member of Congress should read this report.' The New York TimesReview of the Third Assessment Report – Climate Change 2001: 'The detail is truly amazing … invaluable works of reference … no reference or science library should be without a set [of the IPCC volumes] … unreservedly recommended to all readers.' Journal of MeteorologyReview of the Third Assessment Report – Climate Change 2001: 'The subject is explored in great depth and should prove valuable to policy makers, researchers, analysts, and students.' American Meteorological SocietyReview of the Second Assessment Report – Climate Change 1995: '… essential reading for anyone interested in global environmental change, either past, present or future … These volumes have a deservedly high reputation.' Geological MagazineReview of the Second Assessment Report – Climate Change 1995: '… a wealth of clear, well-organized information that is all in one place … there is much to applaud.' Environment InternationalReview of the Third Assessment Report – Climate Change 2001: '… structured in the well-established format of all former IPCC Assessment Reports … will surely be the standard reference for … arguments related with the science, the impacts, adaptation and vulnerability, and with mitigation and adaptation to global warming and climate change in the next years. It should not be missing in the libraries of atmospheric and climate research institutes and those administrative and political institutions which have to deal with global change and sustainable development.' Meteorologische ZeitschriftReview of the Third Assessment Report – Climate Change 2001: 'The IPCC has conducted what is arguably the largest, most comprehensive and transparent study ever undertaken by mankind … The result is a work of substance and authority, which only the foolish would deride.' Wind EngineeringReview of the Third Assessment Report – Climate Change 2001: '… the weight of evidence presented, the authority that IPCC commands and the breadth of view can hardly fail to impress and earn respect. Each of the volumes is essentially a remarkable work of reference, containing a plethora of information and copious bibliographies. There can be few natural scientists who will not want to have at least one of these volumes to hand on their bookshelves, at least until further research renders the details outdated by the time of the next survey.' The HoloceneTable of ContentsForeword; Preface; Summary for policy makers; Technical summary; 1. Introduction; 2. Observations: atmosphere and surface; 3. Observations: ocean; 4. Observations: cryosphere; 5. Information from paleoclimate archives; 6. Carbon and other biogeochemical cycles; 7. Clouds and aerosols; 8. Anthropogenic and natural radiative forcing; 9. Evaluation of climate models; 10. Detection and attribution of climate change: from global to regional; 11. Near-term climate change: projections and predictability; 12. Long-term climate change: projections, commitments and irreversibility; 13. Sea level change; 14. Climate phenomena and their relevance for future regional climate change; Annex I. Atlas of global and regional climate projections; Annex II. Climate system scenario tables; Annex III. Glossary; Annex IV. Acronyms; Annex V. Contributors; Annex VI. Expert reviewers; Index.

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Book SynopsisThis latest Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) will again form the standard reference for all those concerned with climate change and its consequences, including students, researchers and policy makers in environmental science, meteorology, climatology, biology, ecology, atmospheric chemistry and environmental policy.Table of ContentsSummary for policymakers; Technical summary; 1. Point of departure; 2. Decision-making; 3. Freshwater systems; 4. Ecosystems; 5. Coastal systems; 6. Ocean systems; 7. Food; 8. Urban; 9. Rural; 10. Economic sectors; 11. Human health; 12. Human security; 13. Livelihoods; 14. Adaptation needs; 15. Adaptation planning; 16. Adaptation limits; 17. Economics adaptation; 18. Detection attribution; 19. Key vulnerabilities; 20. Sustainable development.

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Book SynopsisThis latest Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) will again form the standard reference for all those concerned with climate change and its consequences, including students, researchers and policy makers in environmental science, meteorology, climatology, biology, ecology, atmospheric chemistry and environmental policy.Table of Contents21. Regional context; 22. Africa; 23. Europe; 24. Asia; 25. Australasia; 26. North America; 27. Central South America; 28. Polar regions; 29. Small islands; 30. Open oceans; Annexes.

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Book SynopsisFrom foraging patterns in a single tree to social interactions across a home range, how primates use space is a key question in the field of primate behavioral ecology. Drawing on the latest advances in spatial analysis tools, this book offers practical guidance on applying geographic information systems (GIS) to central questions in primatology. An initial methodological section discusses niche modelling, home range analysis and agent-based modelling, with a focus on remote data collection. Research-based chapters demonstrate how ecologists apply this technology to a suite of topics including: calculating the intensity of use of both range and travel routes, assessing the impacts of logging, mining and hunting, and informing conservation strategies.Trade Review'… the editors provide an excellent primer on GPS and GIS fundamentals that deftly expands to include research findings using more advanced methods. This resource covers applications of GPS and GIS directly relevant to readers from many areas of conservation biology who already use or want to use telemetry, GPS, or GIS analysis. This reviewer recommends the volume to any interested reader: it is not just for primatologists and will be an excellent reference for all researchers and students with biogeography, wildlife management, or technical GIS interests. Highly recommended.' C. A. Badurek, Choice'… the editors of this book have done an admirable job bringing together and synthesizing a wide range of analytic methods and topics involving spatial data. This volume will serve as an excellent reference for anyone interested in spatial analyses.' Sarie Van Belle, Quarterly Review of Biology'Spatial Analysis in Field Primatology: Applying GIS at Varying Scales is the first integrated guide outlining the best practices in GPS or applying GIS to research questions specific to primatology, thus filling a gap in the methodological literature. It is an engaging and compelling read; in 20 chapters encompassing literature reviews and empirical studies, it comprehensively instructs the reader in how specific methods and technologies can be applied to broaden our understanding of the spatial aspects of primate behavioral and population ecology. A great addition to the burgeoning field of GPS and GIS within primatology, I highly recommend it for early- to mid-career primatologists and research groups who can apply the information to their own investigations about species' behavior, ecological knowledge, and conservation. It can also potentially be a valuable resource for a wider audience including postgraduate or advanced undergraduate classes geared toward methods in field primatology, in addition to senior groups looking to analyze existing data in new ways. The clear research priorities and future directions laid out in the text will stimulate such researchers to overcome the practical issues currently experienced, contribute to primate conservation, and advance the field more rapidly in a way that is appropriate, accurate, and ethical.' Lauren Wiseman-Jones, American Journal of Physical Anthropology'Some chapters provide a good entry point to spatial analysis in field primatology, while other chapters are more advanced. All of them will leave you curious to dig deeper into the literature. The quality of the writing (and of the conceptual content) is very high throughout: the individual authors and editors are to be commended for putting together an authoritative volume that successfully captures the essential nature of GIS use by primatologists at the beginning of the 21st century.' Amanda Suzzi, Evolutionary Anthropology'… the editors provide an excellent primer on GPS and GIS fundamentals that deftly expands to include research findings using more advanced methods. This resource covers applications of GPS and GIS directly relevant to readers from many areas of conservation biology who already use or want to use telemetry, GPS, or GIS analysis. This reviewer recommends the volume to any interested reader: it is not just for primatologists and will be an excellent reference for all researchers and students with biogeography, wildlife management, or technical GIS interests. Highly recommended.' C.A. Badurek, ChoiceTable of ContentsPart I. GPS for Primatologists: Introduction Leila M. Porter; 1. Why place matters, and its use in primate behavioral and ecological research Francine L. Dolins; 2. Fundamentals of GPS AND GIS Nathan P. Nibbelink and Joanna Hatt; 3. 'Next-gen' tracking in primatology: opportunities and challenges Margaret C. Crofoot; 4. The ethical implications, and practical consequences, of attaching remote telemetry apparatus to macaques Amy Klegarth, Agustín Fuentes, Lisa Jones-Engel, Greg Marshall and Kyler Abernathy; 5. Processing geospatial data in R: a primer Allison Howard and Roger Mundry; 6. Estimating travel distance and linearity of primate routes: ideas on how to clean and smooth track data collected with a handheld GPS Karline R. L. Janmaat, Simone D. Ban and Roger Mundry; Part II. GIS Analysis in Fine-Scale Space: Introduction Christopher A. Shaffer; 7. Home range analysis: why the methods matter Sarah A. Boyle; 8. Quantifying resource dispersion in free-ranging bearded sakis in Guyana: what is a patch? Christopher A. Shaffer; 9. Interpreting small-scale patterns of ranging by primates: what does it mean, and why does it matter? Mitchell T. Irwin and Jean-Luc Raharison; 10. Determining the presence of habitual travel route networks in orangutans (pongo pygmaeus morio) in Kutai National Park, Borneo Adam O. Bebko; 11. Finding fruit in a tropical rainforest: a comparison of the foraging patterns of two distinct fruit-eating primates across years Leila M. Porter, Paul Garber, Christopher Boesch and Karline R. L. Janmaat; 12. Random walk analyses in primates Amy L. Schreier and Matt Grove; 13. The use of small-scale spatial analysis to evaluate primate behavior and welfare in captive settings Stephen R. Ross and Marisa A. Shender; 14. The promise of spatially explicit agent-based models for primatology research Anthony Di Fiore; Part III. GIS Analysis in Broad-Scale Space: Introduction Francine L. Dolins; 15. Modeling niches and mapping distributions: progress and promise of ecological niche models for primate research Kenneth L. Chiou and Mary E. Blair; 16. Does reduced habitat quality or increased hunter access explain defaunation of fragmented forests? Bonobos as a case study Jena R. Hickey and Michael J. Conroy; 17. Landscape ecology of deforestation processes and lemur biogeography in Madagascar Travis S. Steffens and Shawn M. Lehman; 18. Quantitative methods for primate biogeography and macroecology Jason M. Kamilar and Lydia Beaudrot; 19. GIS and GPS techniques in an ethnoprimatological investigation of St Kitts green monkey (chlorocebus sabaeus) crop-foraging behavior Kerry M. Dore, Daniel Sewell, Eduardo M. Mattenet and Trudy R. Turner; 20. Conclusion Francine L. Dolins.

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Book SynopsisAt the convergence of the land and sea, coastal environments are some of the most dynamic and populated places on Earth. This book explains how the many varied forms of spatial analysis, including mapping, monitoring and modelling, can be applied to a range of coastal environments such as estuaries, mangroves, seagrass beds and coral reefs. Presenting empirical geographical approaches to modelling, which draw on recent developments in remote sensing technology, geographical information science and spatial statistics, it provides the analytical tools to map, monitor and explain or predict coastal features. With detailed case studies and accompanying online practical exercises, it is an ideal resource for undergraduate courses in spatial science. Taking a broad view of spatial analysis and covering basic and advanced analytical areas such as spatial data and geostatistics, it is also a useful reference for ecologists, geomorphologists, geographers and modellers interested in understandinTrade Review'I wish this book had been around when I was a student! It ticks all the boxes: the primary focus on spatial analysis and interrogation of geospatial data is essential for sound, sustainable and evidence-based decision-making, and will give invaluable practical skills to students and practitioners alike; while the adoption of landscape ecology as the underpinning conceptual framework emphasises the need for joined-up, holistic and ultimately spatially-determined thinking in coastal science and management. The author shows a deep understanding of her subject matter, and her enthusiasm for, and love of, the coast stands out. Even the more complex ideas and methods are explained clearly and in an easily accessible, student-friendly manner. Although written for students of the coast, many of the concepts and methods introduced here will be readily transferrable to other areas of Earth Science specialism where geospatial expertise is needed.' Darius Bartlett, University College Cork, Ireland'Spatial Analysis of Coastal Environments is a rare and overdue resource that provides a comprehensive overview as well an introduction to an array of important spatial analytical techniques and issues. Students and professionals new to coastal geographic information systems (GIS) will find the introductory coverage of data sources, mapping principles and analysis techniques easily accessible. Experienced researchers, coastal managers and planners, and instructors will take value from the coverage of advanced techniques such as geostatistics, modelling, and characterising uncertainty. The book is richly and usefully illustrated with both conceptual and case study maps and graphics. I expect this book to fill an important void and, through its readers, further expand the scientific and practical application of GIS to coastal environments.' Thomas R. Allen, Old Dominion University, Virginia'It should become essential reading for students of coastal environments, demonstrating how spatial analysis methods, together with geographic information systems (GIS), can enrich and bring new insights to the study of this important field.' Robert Haining, University of Cambridge'The text is accessible and well-written, and the chapters are well-structured. … I believe that the strongest selling point of this book is that Hamylton covers critical concepts that are all too often disregarded in other publications. The author does not present spatial analysis as a panacea and acknowledges the limitations of the approaches that are presented. … In conclusion, I would recommend Spatial Analysis of Coastal Environment for its scope and breadth (i.e., basic geographical analyses, mapping, monitoring, and explanatory and predictive modeling), well-defined terminology, multidisciplinary perspective, and treatment of concepts like spatial scale, data quality, and communication.' Vincent Lecours, Frontiers of BiogeographyTable of ContentsForeword; Preface; 1. The application of spatial analysis to coastal environments; 2. The nature of spatial data; 3. Basic geographical analysis with spatial information in coastal environments; 4. Mapping coastal environments; 5. Monitoring coastal environments; 6. Geostatistical analysis of coastal environments; 7. Modelling coastal environments; 8. Addressing uncertainty in the spatial analysis of coastal environments; 9. Communicating and incorporating the results of spatial analysis successfully; Glossary; References; Index.

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Book SynopsisThe ocean is opaque to electromagnetic radiation and transparent to low frequency sound, so acoustical methodologies are an important tool for sensing the undersea world. Stochastic sound-speed fluctuations in the ocean, such as those caused by internal waves, result in a progressive randomisation of acoustic signals as they traverse the ocean environment. This signal randomisation imposes a limit to the effectiveness of ocean acoustic remote sensing, navigation and communication. Sound Propagation through the Stochastic Ocean provides a comprehensive treatment of developments in the field of statistical ocean acoustics over the last 35 years. This will be of fundamental interest to oceanographers, marine biologists, geophysicists, engineers, applied mathematicians, and physicists. Key discoveries in topics such as internal waves, ray chaos, Feynman path integrals, and mode transport theory are addressed with illustrations from ocean observations. The topics are presented at an approacTable of ContentsPart I. Introduction and Prerequisites: 1. Sound propagation through the stochastic ocean; 2. Acoustical prerequisites; 3. Stochastic ocean internal waves; 4. Introduction to acoustic fluctuations; Part II. Wave Propagation Theories: 5. Ray theory; 6. Weak fluctuation theory; 7. Path integral theory; 8. Mode transport theory.

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Book SynopsisWith this self-contained and comprehensive text, students and researchers will gain a detailed understanding of the fundamental aspects of the hydrodynamic control of wave energy converters. Such control is necessary to maximise energy capture for a given device configuration and plays a major role in efforts to make wave energy economic. Covering a wide range of disciplines, the reader is taken from the mathematical and technical fundamentals, through the main pillars of wave energy hydrodynamic control, right through to state-of-the-art algorithms for hydrodynamic control. The various operating principles of wave energy converters are exposed and the unique aspects of the hydrodynamic control problem highlighted, with a variety of potential solutions discussed. Supporting material on wave forecasting and the interaction of the hydrodynamic control problem with other aspects of wave energy device optimisation, such as device geometry optimisation and optimal device array layout, is alTrade Review'… the object of the book is a natural marriage between wave energy and control engineering. As a whole, the book can provide those involved in the development of wave energy converters, especially in tasks related to hydrodynamic modelling and power take-off, with the background required to use the tools of control engineering to improve the design and performance of the converter. Conversely, the book gives the control engineer the hydrodynamics and related fundamentals to move forward in his wave energy conversion studies. Boxes and numerical examples can be found along the text for better understanding of the theory. The book is highly recommended for all professionals and researchers involved in the design and control of wave energy converters. It is also suitable as a textbook for postgraduate studies in this field.' António F. O. Falcão, Journal of Ocean Engineering and Marine EnergyTable of ContentsPart I. Introduction: 1. Wave energy conversion; Part II. The Basics: 2. Introduction to control engineering; 3. Bodies oscillating in air; 4. Bodies oscillating in water; Part III. The Hydrodynamics: 5. Nature of the wave input; 6. A closer look at wave energy hydrodynamics; Part IV. Velocity Control Using a Hydrodynamic Model: 7. Reactive control in time domain; 8. A causal real-time controller for WECs; Part V. Control by Optimizing a Performance Index: 9. Non-reactive switching control; 10. Optimal numerical control of wave energy converters; 11. Control strategies for WEC arrays; 12. Wave forecasting for control; Part VI. Towards Overall WEC System Hydrodynamic Optimisation: 13. Position and force constraint analysis and optimisation; 14. Interaction between control and optimum system design; Part VII. In Closing: 15. Conclusion; Bibliography; Index.

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Book SynopsisThis textbook presents all aspects of climate system dynamics, on all timescales from the Earth''s formation to modern human-induced climate change. It discusses the dominant feedbacks and interactions between all the components of the climate system: atmosphere, ocean, land surface and ice sheets. It addresses one of the key challenges for a course on the climate system: students can come from a range of backgrounds. A glossary of key terms is provided for students with little background in the climate sciences, whilst instructors and students with more expertise will appreciate the book''s modular nature. Exercises are provided at the end of each chapter for readers to test their understanding. This textbook will be invaluable for any course on climate system dynamics and modeling, and will also be useful for scientists and professionals from other disciplines who want a clear introduction to the topic.Trade Review'Hugues Goosse offers a brilliant introduction to climate dynamics and modelling. This comprehensive overview bridges the gap between classical, more focused textbooks on individual aspects of the wide-ranging climate topic, thereby providing an excellent compendium for advanced undergraduate and early masters students in the field of climate science.' Martin Claussen, Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, Hamburg'This is an outstanding new textbook - a superb introduction to climate dynamics and climate systems modelling. The book is tailored masterfully to suit commencing graduate students, spanning all components of Earth's climate, and including a comprehensive glossary and exercises. It is also an ideal reference book for all undergraduates whose degrees require a fundamental knowledge of climate system dynamics. The book is also an outstanding teaching resource - I highly recommend it to all practitioners.' Matthew England, Fellow of the Australian Academy of Science, University of New South Wales'Climate System Dynamics and Modelling is a broad, graduate/advanced undergraduate level, introduction to the climate system. It covers important processes and drivers of the climate system. It also provides a nice description of modelling the climate system, forcing and feedbacks. It fills a gap between those books that focus on detailed geophysical fluid dynamics and a descriptive discussion of the climate system. Goosse's book covers a broad range of topics including a detailed description of how orbital changes affect Earth's climate, how to use climate models and key ideas such as radiative forcing and climate feedbacks. As expected, given Goose's interests, changes in Earth's climate on timescales from its formation, the last one thousand years and the near future are all covered. He also discusses how past climates can be inferred from proxies. I like the book for its broad coverage, accessible style and review exercises at the end of each chapter. Students using it as a textbook would need some mathematical skill.' Simon Tett, University of Edinburgh'This is exactly the book I wish I had when I started to study climate change! The book is well illustrated and written in a language clear enough for non-specialists to understand the dynamics of the climate system, but also provides clues on numerical approaches and references useful to specialists. The book offers a comprehensive view of the forcing and mechanisms driving the climate, the Earth's energy budget, and the global hydrological and carbon cycles. It guides the reader towards modelling as a tool for understanding climate change, in response to external forcing or internal dynamics. It also gives an excellent overview of the state-of-the-art knowledge on climate change from the formation of the Earth to the last centuries. Furthermore, it proposes a critical view on anticipated changes in climate, ice and ocean in the near- to long-term future. Beyond its scientific content, the book is written in such a way that it is ideal as handbook for undergraduate and graduate classes in the Earth sciences. In brief, Climate System Dynamics and Modelling by Hugues Goosse is a remarkable work that will serve as a reference for years!' Anne de Vernal, Université du Québec, MontréalTable of Contents1. Description of the climate system and its components; 2. The energy balance, hydrological and carbon cycles; 3. Modelling the climate system; 4. The response of the climate system to a perturbation; 5. Brief history of climate: causes and mechanisms; 6. Future climate changes.

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Book SynopsisIn a media interview in January 2010, scientist Robert Yeats sounded the alarm on Port-au-Prince, Haiti, as an ''earthquake time bomb'', a region at critical risk of major seismic activity. One week later, a catastrophic earthquake struck the city, leaving over 100,000 dead and triggering a humanitarian crisis. In this timely study, Yeats sheds new light on other earthquake hotspots around the world and the communities at risk. He examines these seismic threats in the context of recent cultural history, including economic development, national politics and international conflicts. Descriptions of emerging seismic resilience plans from some cities provide a more hopeful picture. Essential reading for policy-makers, infrastructure and emergency planners, scientists, students and anyone living in the shadow of an earthquake, this book raises the alarm so that we can protect our vulnerable cities before it''s too late.Trade Review'This book highlights the appalling reality of the threat to the world's growing population that is exposed to earthquakes, especially those concentrated in vulnerable megacities. The recent calamities of the earthquakes in Haiti and Nepal are simply foretastes of what is to come, unless decisive action is taken. It is written by someone perhaps uniquely qualified to do so: an earthquake scientist whose long and personal engagement with many of the cities he writes about is accompanied by an extremely well informed, up-to-date and widely respected grasp of his subject. It is written in an easy semi-populist, non-technical style that will make it accessible to non-specialists, but with the completely convincing authority and balance that accompanies an author who is utterly confident and secure in his knowledge. It is an impressive achievement to distil decades of global scientific effort into a compelling narrative and call to action.' James Jackson, University of Cambridge'An excellent and very timely book! Professor Yeats places the disaster potential of urban earthquakes within a varied context of history, local culture, public planning and politics, in a comparative manner. He presents a massive amount of information in a clear, concise, and readable style, which will be of interest to anyone working on mitigating the urban earthquake risk on a global scale. The book is also a must-read for policymakers, city administrators, risk managers, emergency planners, scientists and students.' Mustafa Erdik, Boğaziçi University, Istanbul'In Earthquake Time Bombs, Yeats provides the proverbial wake-up call for earthquake-prone major cities around the world. History, politics, economics, and seismology are interwoven in order to demonstrate the unique challenges each city faces, as well as the lessons to be shared with the others. This book should be required reading for both public and private sector leaders in these cities, heads of international development agencies and multinational corporations, students and practitioners of earthquake science and engineering, and others who may implement existing solutions or develop innovative approaches for diffusing at least some of these bombs before it's too late.' Mark Benthien, Director of Communication, Education and Outreach, Southern California Earthquake Center, and Global Coordinator, Great ShakeOut Earthquake Drills'… [the] style of writing is very engaging and the reader feels privileged to accompany Yeats in these important reconnaissance trips and to share his thoughts and observations … fascinating and well worth reading …' Risa Palm, The AAG Review of BooksTable of ContentsPart I. Earthquakes, Deep Time and the Population Explosion: 1. Plate tectonics and why we have earthquakes; 2. An earthquake primer; 3. Deep time; 4. When's the next big one?; 5. Population explosion and increased earthquake risk to megacities; Part II. Earthquake Time Bombs: 6. San Francisco Bay Area; 7. Los Angeles metro area; 8. Seattle, Portland and Vancouver; 9. Wellington, New Zealand; 10. Santiago, Chile; 11. Prologue in Central China; 12. Age of Enlightenment and the 1755 Lisbon earthquake; 13. Jerusalem; 14. Istanbul; 15. Tehran; 16. Kabul; 17. Earthquakes in the Himalaya; 18. Myanmar and the Sagaing Fault; 19. Metro Manila, the Philippines; 20. Lima, Peru; 21. Andean earthquakes in Quito and Guayaquil, Ecuador; 22. Caracas; 23. Haiti (which lost its gamble), and Jamaica and Cuba (not yet); 24. Mexico City; 25. Central America and the earthquake that brought down a dictator; 26. East African Rift Valley; Part III. Summary and Recommendations: 27. Where do we go from here?; References; Index.

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Book SynopsisThis cutting-edge summary combines ideas from several sub-disciplines including geology, geomorphology, oceanography and geochemistry to provide an integrated view of Earth surface dynamics in terms of sediment generation, transport and deposition. Introducing a global view of fundamental concepts underpinning source-to-sink studies, it provides an analysis of the component segments which make up sediment routing systems. The functioning of sediment routing systems is illustrated through calculations of denudation and sedimentation as well as the response to external drivers; with the final sections focusing on the stratigraphic record of sediment routing systems. Containing quantitative solutions to a wide range of problems in Earth surface dynamics, it is suitable for graduate students as well as academic and professional researchers; and will enable an understanding of sediment routing systems.Trade Review'In this new book, Philip A. Allen has distilled a lifetime of insightful study of the Earth's surface into a wide ranging and rigorous synthesis of planetary sediment processes. Sediment Routing Systems is the first to use the idea of global sediment routing - 'following the sediment' - to provide a framework for synthesis across environments and scales, to integrate the source and sink sides of the routing system, and to link geochemical and particulate fluxes. It manages to do this in a quantitative framework that is carefully formulated, accessible, and perfectly pitched in clarity and detail. Sediment Routing Systems is a landmark and masterpiece; for many Earth scientists, it will be all they need in terms of global sediment dynamics.' Chris Paola, University of Minnesota'If reading the sedimentary record is the destination, then this book is a brilliant companion for the road, ranging widely from bedload to organic carbon and providing thorough detail on processes and methods at every turn. Philip A. Allen turns the sediment routing system from Pandora's box into a dynamic source to sink cascade.' Niels Hovius, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences'Sediment Routing Systems is the first complete, quantitative process-based account of sediment generation, transport and deposition in book format. In true style, ahead of anyone else, Philip A. Allen gives an extremely thorough, comprehensive view of all process aspects of source-to-sink systems. This book combines theoretical with practical aspects and will be an obvious choice as an advanced text book in universities and as a key reference book for professional geologists dealing with energy and Earth systems.' Ole J. Martinsen, Chief Geologist and Vice President, StatoilTable of ContentsPreface; Part I. A Global View of Sediment Routing Systems: 1. Sediment routing systems: first concepts; 2. The global character of river basins; 3. Global biogeochemical cycles; Part II. The Segments of Sediment Routing Systems: 4. The catchment-fluvial segment; 5. The continental shelf segment; 6. The deep marine segment; Part III. The Functioning of Sediment Routing Systems: 7. Denudation and sedimentation; 8. Dynamics of sediment routing systems; Part IV. The Stratigraphic Record of Sediment Routing Systems: 9. Sediment production, evolution and provenance; 10. Sediment routing systems and sequence stratigraphy; References; Index.

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Book SynopsisThis new and completely updated edition offers valuable, practical approaches to radiative transfer for students and researchers. It provides a basic understanding of the role of radiation in climate and climate change and teaches how to use radiative transfer tools to analyze data from ground-based, airborne and satellite sensors.Table of Contents1. Basic properties of radiation, atmospheres, and oceans; 2. Basic state variables and the radiative transfer equation; 3. Basic scattering processes; 4. Absorption by solid, aqueous, and gaseous media; 5. Principles of radiative transfer; 6. Formulation of radiative transfer problems; 7. Approximation solutions of prototype problems; 8. The role of radiation in climate; 9. Accurate numerical solutions of prototype problems; 10. Shortwave radiative transfer in the atmosphere and ocean; Appendix A. Nomenclature: glossary of symbols; Appendix B. Physical constants; Appendix C. Ocean optics nomenclature; Appendix D. Reflectance and transmittance at an interface; References; Index; Online appendices: Appendix E. A primer on absorption and scattering opacity; Appendix F. Elementary concepts; Appendix G. Derivation of the Planck radiation law; Appendix H. The two-level atom; Appendix I. Non-gray inhomogeneous media; Appendix J. Reciprocity for the bidirectional reflectance; Appendix K. Harmonic electromagnetic plane waves; Appendix L. Representations of polarized light; Appendix M. Spherical shell geometry; Appendix N. The streaming term in spherical geometry; Appendix O. Isolation of the Azimuth-dependence; Appendix P. Scaling transformation for anisotropic scattering; Appendix Q. Reciprocity, duality, and effects of surface reflection; Appendix R. Probabilistic aspects of radiative transfer; Appendix S. Details and derivations; Appendix T. Inherent optical properties; Appendix U. Model atmospheres.

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Book SynopsisThis book presents a modern, interdisciplinary perspective on cities and urban systems that combines new data with tools from statistical physics and urban economics. Analysis of mobility patterns and infrastructure networks, as well as spatial and social organization, provide a quantitative description of cities for scientists interested in modeling these complex systems.Trade Review'Every so often along comes a book that attempts a grand synthesis. Marc Barthelemy has put together many ideas from statistical physics with theory in urban economics, fashioning an approach that demonstrates its essential logic and empirical relevance. A book that must be absorbed by urbanists of every persuasion and used to advance our science of cities.' Michael Batty, University College London'Collective effects are often counterintuitive and defeat our imagination. We need specific models to anticipate financial crashes, traffic jams, mass panics. The spontaneous organization of cities falls in the same category of phenomena created by ourselves, humans, but that -- paradoxically – we struggle to understand. This wonderful book summarizes a large number of data and ideas about how cities grow and self-organize, sometimes not in the most efficient way. In his plea for a new science for cities, Marc Barthelemy musters methods from statistical physics for a problem that concerns an ever-growing fraction of humanity.' Jean-Philippe Bouchaud, Capital Fund Management, Paris'… a multi-disciplinary effort to describe and understand the numerous structural aspects of cities and their evolution … This book makes an effort to bring these different points of view together, to find a common scientific language, and to look at cities as systems that show typical features such as complexity, self-organisation and emergence which can be described in the language of statistical physics. …The whole text is a well-written scientific essay and fully referenced to scientific publications from a broad range of disciplines. The data and models are presented with mathematical rigour and illustrated by numerous black-and-white figures. The book is highly interesting for its multi-disciplinary approach as well as for the data presented, and can be recommended to a wide interested readership with a general understanding of mathematics and statistical physics.' Manuel Vogel, Contemporary Physics'Marc Barthelemy refreshes ideas and opens new avenues for further research in urban/economic quantitative geography. Without ignoring 'Founding Fathers' in geography, he suggests inspiring ideas anchored in physics for modelling urban realities. A path toward multidisciplinary analysis, which has still a long way to go before success.' Isabelle Thomas, Université catholique de LouvainTable of ContentsPreface; Acknowledgements; 1. Urban systems; 2. Models and methods; 3. The spatial organization of cities; 4. Infrastructure networks; 5. Mobility patterns; 6. Multimodality in cities; 7. Socio-economical aspects; 8. Systems of cities; 9. Towards a new science of cities; References; Index.

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Book SynopsisThis book is a comprehensive manual for decision-makers and policy leaders addressing the issues around human caused climate change, which threatens communities with increasing extreme weather events, sea level rise, and declining habitability of some regions due to desertification or inundation. The book looks at both mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions and global warming and adaption to changing conditions as the climate changes. It encourages the early adoption of climate change measures, showing that rapid decarbonisation and improved resilience can be achieved while maintaining prosperity. The book takes a sector-by-sector approach, starting with energy and includes cities, industry, natural resources, and agriculture, enabling practitioners to focus on actions relevant to their field. It uses case studies across a range of countries, and various industries, to illustrate the opportunities available. Blending technological insights with economics and policy, the book presents tTable of ContentsIntroduction; 1. Policy frameworks and institutions for decarbonisation: the energy sector as 'litmus test' Lynette Molyneaux and Keith Sue; Technologies for decarbonising the electricity sector; 2. Wind energy Nathan Steggel and David Osmond; 3. Solar photovoltaics Andrew Blakers; 4. Solar thermal energy John Pye, Keith Lovegrove, Paul Gauché and Mark Mehos; 5. Nuclear energy Andrew Stuchbery and Tony Irwin; Box 5.1 Fusion energy Kenneth G. H. Baldwin; 6. Hydropower Jamie Pittock; 7. Energy storage Lachlan Blackhall, Evan Franklin, Bjorn Sturmberg, Alexey M. Glushenkov and Hedda Ransan-Cooper; 8. The hydrogen economy Fiona J. Beck, David Gourlay, Michelle Lyons and Mahesh B. Venkataraman; Example economies: 9. Decarbonisation strategies and economic opportunities in Australia Amandine Denis-Ryan, Frank Jotzo, Paul Graham, Steve Hatfield-Dodds, Philip Adams, Rob Kelly, Scott Ferraro, Andy Jones, Anna Skarbek, John Thwaites, Sarah Levy and Niina Kauto; 10. Decarbonisation strategies and economic opportunities in Indonesia Utjok W. R. Siagian and Retno Gumilang Dewi; Box 10.1 India: enhancing renewables through policy innovation Kenneth G. H. Baldwin; Cities and industry: 11. Cities Xuemei Bai, Timothy M. Baynes, Robert Webb, Chris Ryan and Michael Smith; 12. Buildings and precincts Michael Smith, Peter Newton, Alan Pears, Amandine Denis-Ryan and Eshan Ahuja; 13. Urban water Michael Smith, Andrea Turner and Stuart White; 14. National climate change adaptation case study: early adaptation to climate change through climate-compatible development and adaptation pathways Tim Capon, Mark Stafford Smith and Russell Wise; 15. Transport Michael Smith, Peter Stasinopoulos, Alan Pears and Eshan Ahuja; 16. Industrial and manufacturing Michael Smith, Alan Pears, Peter Stasinopoulos, Ali Hasanbeigi and Eshan Ahuja; Land Use, Forests and Agriculture: 17. Land use Heather Keith and Michael Smith; 18. Forests Heather Keith, Andrew Macintosh and Brendan Mackey; 19. Agriculture Mark Howden; Mining, metals, oil and gas: 20. Mining, metals, oil and gas Michael Smith, Jane Hodgkinson, Alan Pears and Peter Stasinopoulos; Addressing barriers to change; 21. Trade and climate change Karen Hussey and Thomas Faunce; 22. Improving the governance of governments Ken Coghill, Barbara Norman, Thomas Smith, Cristina Neesham and Abel Kinyondo; 23. Financing the transition Michael Smith, Pablo Berrutti, Nathan Fabian and Nicolette Boele; 24. Social movements for change Michael Smith.

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Book SynopsisThe chimpanzee is one of our planet's best-loved and most instantly recognisable animals. Splitting from the human lineage between four and six million years ago, it is (along with its cousin, the bonobo) our closest living relative, sharing around 94% of our DNA. First encountered by Westerners in the seventeenth century, virtually nothing was known about chimpanzees in their natural environment until 1960, when Jane Goodall travelled to Gombe to live and work with them. Accessibly written, yet fully referenced and uncompromising in its accuracy and comprehensiveness, this book encapsulates everything we currently know about chimpanzees: from their discovery and why we study them, to their anatomy, physiology, genetics and culture. The text is beautifully illustrated and infused with examples and anecdotes drawn from the author's thirty years of primate observation, making this a perfect resource for students of biological anthropology and primatology as well as non-specialists intereTrade Review'Chimpanzee: Lessons from our Sister Species condenses over 60 years of chimpanzee research into an informative and entertaining book. Drawing on his own first-hand experience, the research of other scientists and historic accounts, Kevin Hunt describes the fascinating lives of chimpanzees in the wild, as well as the research methods used by leading experts in the field. If you want to know just how alike we truly are to our closest living relatives then you will get a very good idea from reading this book.' Jane Goodall, PhD, DBE, Founder of the Jane Goodall Institute and UN Messenger of Peace'Ever since the seventeenth century, writers have suspected that apes have a story to tell about human life and our pre-historic origins. Year by year the details of that story are being worked out better and better. Chimpanzee is a terrific account from the leading edge.' Richard Wrangham, Ruth Moore Research Professor of Biological Anthropology, Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Massachusetts, from the Foreword'Hunt skillfully weaves anecdotes and history into this scientific compendium of the behavioral ecology, biology, and evolution of chimpanzees. The book is generously illustrated, and each chapter includes extensive references. It is written in an accessible, conversational style that could only be achieved by someone with Hunt's first-hand experiences in the field and encyclopedic perspective. It will make a valuable reference for anyone interested in what is known and not yet known about one of our closest living relatives.' Karen B. Strier, Vilas Research Professor and Irven DeVore Professor, Department of Anthropology, University of Wisconsin-Madison'An exceptional book that delivers on every promise in its table of contents. Grounded in Hunt's 30+ years of chimpanzee field work and his commanding knowledge of others' research, he gives us a state-of-the-art research volume that will become an essential reference for primatologists, and anyone who wants to understand the true nature of our sister species. Hunt's writing is lucid, scholarly and wide-ranging as he carefully explains chimpanzee evolution, biology, social behavior, and so much more. Hunt skillfully embeds his own field observations to help readers grasp concepts like chimpanzee positional behavior, personality, maternal behavior, cognition and communication, hunting and aggression. He balances this perspective with a wealth of laboratory and captive findings. The extensive references for each chapter provide an outstanding resource for students, teachers and readers who choose to delve further. The volume is generously illustrated with photos, line drawings and abundant figures that enrich the text.' Linda F. Marchant, Professor Emerita, Miami University'The volume provides a synthesis of classic and current literature, which will help readers learn what experts think now and where their ideas came from.' L. K. Sheeran, Choice'This volume provides an exceptionally broad yet wonderfully detailed view of our sister species. It would be useful in a course on human evolution or primate behavior and ecology, and would benefit anyone interested in learning more about chimpanzees … Given the range of topics and depth of scholarship, even seasoned chimpanzee researchers will profit from reading this book.' Michael L. Wilson, The Quarterly Review of Biology'… the most impressive and comprehensive volume on the chimpanzee … since Jane Goodall … [it] belongs on the bookshelf of every 'chimpologist', or, arguably, every primatologist.' William C. McGrew, PrimatesTable of Contents1. Sister's keeper: humans and chimpanzees; 2. Wild lesson: why study animals in nature?; 3. A most surprising creature: the discovery of the chimpanzee; 4. Kin: the chimpanzee's place in nature; 5. Scratching out a living in an unforgiving world: habitat and diet; 6. Guts, glorious guts, large stomach and colon; 7. Thews, sinews and bone: chimpanzee anatomy and osteology; 8. Arboreal gathering, terrestrial traveling: locomotion and posture; 9. Forged in nature's cauldron: engineering the chimpanzee; 10. Up from the protoape: the evolution of the chimpanzee; 11. Building a natural wonder: growth, development and life history; 12. The source of similarity: chimpanzee genetics; 13. Making your way in the great wild world: chimpanzee senses; 14. The grim reaper in the forest primeval: wild chimpanzee diseases and lessons for healthy living; 15. Powering life: physiology and endocrinology; 16. Shelter from the storm: chimpanzee mothering; 17. Meat seeking missiles: chimpanzees as hunters; 18. The mind of the chimpanzee: reasoning, memory and emotion; 19. The brain of the chimpanzee: the mind's motor; 20. Tired nature's sweet restorer: chimpanzee sleep; 21. Chimpanzee thought transfer: communication and language; 22. Ape implements: making and using tools; 23. Wisdom of the ages: chimpanzee culture; 24. The daily grind: within-group aggression; 25. A nation at war with itself: defending a community of the mind; 26. The sporting chimpanzee: dominance without destruction; 27. The passion of Pan: sex and reproduction; 28. Into the light: Semliki chimpanzees; 29. The other sister, bonobos: the monkey convergence hypothesis; 30. Sister species: lessons from the chimpanzee; Appendix 1. Primate taxonomy; Appendix 2. Professional grade chimpanzee; Index.

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Book SynopsisThe global energy transition from carbon-intensive to renewable fuels has increasingly demanded a better understanding of the causes and consequences of the rapid development of unconventional oil and gas. Focusing on key countries including the United States, Canada, China, Argentina, the United Kingdom and Australia, this book consists of case studies and in-depth analyses that weigh up the risks and rewards at regional, national and global scales. Explaining how and why unconventional fuels are transforming the global energy landscape, the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats are explored through a political, economic and governance-based perspective. Emphasis is placed on how to regulate the industry, encompassing local issues, stakeholder engagement and the social licence to operate. The new baseline studies and standards introduced in this book provide a timely insight into the trade-offs across the social, economic and environmental domains, making this ideal for researchers and policymakers in energy fields, and for graduate students.Trade Review'Risks, Rewards and Regulation of Unconventional Gas is a useful and thought-provoking book. It provides a foundation for further research and analysis. A complete reading brings to the surface two general issues that might otherwise lay hidden in the deeper strata of law and policy. First, what is the role of higher-order rules in the development of unconventional gas? … Second, the book also raises (by the vacuum of omission) the most interesting and important question in natural resources law today: to what degree are governments and institutions victims of 'regulatory capture'?' James Hickling, The Cambridge Law JournalTable of ContentsForeword; Preface; Acknowledgements; 1. The rise of unconventional gas: the story so far Ian Cronshaw, R. Quentin Grafton and Michal Moore; 2. Geopolitical dimensions of global unconventional gas perspectives Frank Umbach; 3. Unconventional gas development in Asia-Pacific: looking for common ground Juan Roberto Lozano-Maya; 4. Unconventional hydrocarbons and the US technology revolution Martin Evans; 5. Risks and opportunities of unconventional natural gas: Australia and the United States Ian Cronshaw and R. Quentin Grafton; 6. Economics of shale gas in the United States Francis O'Sullivan; 7. Unconventional natural gas in China LV Jianzhong and Zhang Huanzhi; 8. The Argentina approach for developing unconventional gas resources Luis Stinco and Silvia Barredo; 9. Unconventional gas in the United Kingdom Michael Bradshaw; 10. Alberta natural gas: landlocked largesse Michal Moore; 11. Managing the regulatory risk of unconventional natural gas Michal Moore; 12. Regulation of unconventional gas in Colombia Ana Cristina Sánchez-Thorin and Orlando Cabrales; 13. Regulation of unconventional gas in India Vijay Kelkar and Rahool Panandikar; 14. Failure to frack: pitfalls of governance and risk in Polish shale gas Michael Carnegie LaBelle; 15. Unconventional gas regulation in Australia and the US: case studies of four jurisdictions Ian Cronshaw and R. Quentin Grafton; 16. Regulation of unconventional hydrocarbons in Alberta, Canada Michal Moore; 17. When unconventional becomes conventional: regulation of natural gas development in British Columbia, Canada Paul Jeakins; 18. Leading practice regulation for unconventional reservoir development in South Australia Barry Goldstein, Michael Malavazos and Belinda Hayter; 19. Best practice for community engagement: determining who and what is at stake? Peta Ashworth; 20. Managing the impact of coal seam gas water extraction in the Surat basin Randall Cox; 21. Whole of landscape assessment and planning in the management of unconventional natural gas exploration and production in Australia John Williams, Ann Milligan and Tim Stubbs; 22. Unconventional energy in British Columbia: a post-Tsilhqot'in view William Nikolakis; 23. Fugitive emissions from coal seam gas production Stuart Day; Appendix; Glossary; Index.

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Book SynopsisThis unique transdisciplinary publication is the result of collaboration between UNESCO''s Local and Indigenous Knowledge Systems (LINKS) programme, the United Nations University''s Traditional Knowledge Initiative, the IPCC, and other organisations. Chapters, written by indigenous peoples, scientists and development experts, provide insight into how diverse societies observe and adapt to changing environments. A broad range of case studies illustrate how these societies, building upon traditional knowledge handed down through generations, are already developing their own solutions for dealing with a rapidly changing climate and how this might be useful on a global scale. Of interest to policy-makers, social and natural scientists, and indigenous peoples and experts, this book provides an indispensable reference for those interested in climate science, policy and adaptation.Table of ContentsForeword; 1. Indigenous knowledge for climate change assessment and adaptation: introduction Douglas Nakashima, Jennifer Rubis and Igor Krupnik; Part I. Knowing Our Weather and Climate: 2. Forest, reef and sea level rise in North Vanuatu: seasonal environmental practices and climate fluctuations in Island Melanesia Carlos Mondragón; 3. Annual cycles in indigenous Northwestern Amazon: a collaborative research towards climate change Monitoring Aloisio Cabalzar; 4. Indigenous knowledge in the time of climate change (with reference to Chuuk, Federated States of Micronesia) Rosita Henry and Christine Pam; 5. Local responses to variability and climate change by Zoque indigenous communities in Chiapas, Mexico María Silva Sánchez Cortés and Elena Lazos Chavero; 6. Climate knowledge of Ch'ol farmers in Chiapas, Mexico Fernando Briones; Part II. Our Changing Homelands: 7. Indigenous forest management as a means for climate change adaptation and mitigation Wilfredo V. Alangui, Victoria Tauli-Corpuz, Kimaren Ole Riamit, Dennis Mairena, Edda Moreno, Waldo Muller, Frans Lakon, Paulus Unjing, Vitalis Andi, Elias Ngiuk and Sujarni Alloy; 8. Indigenous knowledge, history and environmental change as seen by Yolngu people of Blue Mud Bay, Northern Australia Marcus Barber; 9. Coping with climate: innovation and adaptation in Tibetan land use and agriculture Jan Salick, Anja Byg, Katie Konchar and Robbie Hart; 10. Seasonal environmental practices and climate fluctuations in Island Melanesia: transformations in a regional system in Eastern Papua New Guinea Frederick H. Damon; 11. Traditional knowledge and crop varieties as adaptation to climate change in SW China, the Bolivian Andes and Coastal Kenya Krystyna Swiderska, Hannah Reid, Yiching Song, Jingsong Li, Doris Mutta, Paul Ongugo, Mohamed Pakia, Rolando Oros and Sandra Barriga; Part III. Confronting Extreme Events: 12. Accounts from tribal elders: increasing vulnerability of the Navajo People to Drought and Climate Change in the Southwestern United States Margaret H. Redsteer, Klara Kelley, Harris Francis and Debra Block; 13. The spirits are leaving: adaptation and the indigenous peoples of the Caribbean coast of Nicaragua Mirna Cunningham Kain; 14. Indigenous reindeer herding and adaptation to new hazards in the Arctic Svein D. Mathiesen, Mathis P. Bongo, P. Burgess, Robert W. Corell, Anna Degteva, Inger Marie G. Eira, Inger Hanssen-Bauer, Alvaro Ivanoff, Ole Henrik Magga, Nancy G. Maynard, Anders Oskal, Mikhail Pogodaev, Mikkel N. Sara, Dagrun Vikhamar Schuler and Ellen Inga Turi; 15. 'Everything that is happening now is beyond our capacity' – Nyangatom livelihoods under threat Sabine Troeger; Part IV. Sources of Indigenous Strength and Resilience: 16. 'Normal' catastrophes or harbinger of climate change? Reindeer-herding Sami facing dire winters in Northern Sweden Marie Roué; 17. Canaries of civilization: small island vulnerability, past adaptations and sea level rise Marjorie V. C. Falanruw; 18. Peasants of the Amazonian-Andes and their conversations with climate change in the region of San Martin Rider Panduro; 19. People of the whales: climate change and cultural survival among the Iñupiat of Arctic Alaska Chie Sakakibara; 20. Indigenous knowledge for climate change assessment and adaptation: epilogue Igor Krupnik, Jennifer Rubis and Douglas Nakashima; Index.

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Book SynopsisThe Anthropocene is a major new concept in the Earth sciences and this book examines the effects on geomorphology within this period. Drawing examples from many different global environments, this comprehensive volume demonstrates that human impact on landforms and land-forming processes is profound, due to various driving forces, including: use of fire; extinction of fauna; development of agriculture, urbanisation, and globalisation; and new methods of harnessing energy. The book explores the ways in which future climate change due to anthropogenic causes may further magnify effects on geomorphology, with respect to future hazards such as floods and landslides, the state of the cryosphere, and sea level. The book concludes with a consideration of the ways in which landforms are now being managed and protected. Covering all major aspects of geomorphology, this book is ideal for undergraduate and graduate students studying geomorphology, environmental science and physical geography, and for all researchers of geomorphology.Trade Review'Among contemporary physical geographers, there are none who are the equal of Andrew S. Goudie and Heather A. Viles in their ability to synthesize vast areas of the literature and to bring out new meanings from the avalanche of data that is published each week … This is the first book that explores, in depth, the relation between the Anthropocene epoch and landscape science (geomorphology) … [It] can be recommended to any serious student of the global implications of human modification of Earth's surface … [as well as to the] geoscience and environmental science communities, from geographers to geologists and geophysicists.' Olav Slaymaker, University of British Columbia, Vancouver'What an interesting topic! What a good book! It presents the geomorphological evidence for the concept of the Anthropocene … With great clarity the authors give a wonderful review of the issues and a very clear account of the problems involved in selection of the start point and character of the possible new stratigraphical unit. Breathtaking in scope, it also gives a fine account of geomorphological processes and landforms linked to human achievements.' Denys Brunsden, King's College London'In this comprehensive examination of human impacts on diverse landscapes, Goudie and Viles provide numerous examples and details of how human activities have altered and continue to alter Earth's surface. This book provides a valuable reference and thorough overview for students and professionals.' Ellen Wohl, Colorado State University'In today's climate of media-induced alarm about what mankind is doing to our planet, this book stands out as a calm and considered appraisal of human impacts on Earth resources and natural systems. Few are better placed than these authors to interpret the scientific data on human and natural forces driving those rapid changes currently challenging sustainability of Earth systems.' Michael Crozier, Victoria University of WellingtonTable of ContentsPreface; 1. Introduction to the Anthropocene and anthropogeomorphology; 2. Drivers of anthropogeomorphological change; 3. Construction and excavation; 4. Subsidence in the Anthropocene; 5. Weathering processes in the Anthropocene; 6. Hillslope processes in the Anthropocene; 7. Fluvial processes and forms in the Anthropocene; 8. Aeolian processes and forms in the Anthropocene; 9. Coastal processes and forms in the Anthropocene; 10. Cryospheric processes and forms in the Anthropocene; 11. Conclusions on the relationships between geomorphology and the Anthropocene; References; Index.

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Book SynopsisGroundwater mechanics is the study of fluid flow in porous media. Focusing on applications and case studies, this book explains the basic principles of groundwater flow using mathematical expressions to describe a wide range of different aquifer configurations. Emphasis is placed throughout on the importance of developing simplified models that can be solved analytically to provide insight into complex groundwater flow scenarios and to allow better interpretation of the full numerical solution. Focusing first on identifying the important features of a problem, the book explains how to translate practical questions into mathematical form and discusses the interpretation of the results. Illustrated with numerous real-world examples and graphical results, this is an ideal textbook for advanced undergraduate and graduate Earth science, geological engineering, and environmental engineering courses, as well as a useful reference for researchers and professionals.Trade Review'Analytical solutions to groundwater flow problems are an essential tool in the hydrogeology toolkit. Otto D. L. Strack has produced a must-have reference, drawing together his considerable lifelong contributions to the application of mathematics in hydrogeology. An extremely helpful text from an authority on the topic.' Adrian Werner, Flinders University, Adelaide'Written with clarity and purpose, Strack presents a wealth of mathematical solutions and techniques that offer valuable insight into the fundamentals of groundwater flow. This book is indispensable for all who practice quantitative groundwater hydrology.' Henk Haitjema, Indiana University and Editor-in-Chief of Groundwater'Strack is a recognized expert in the application of analytical techniques to the solution of groundwater flow problems. His classic text Groundwater Mechanics (1989) was a unique collection of these techniques which, while ground-breaking and authoritative, was in some places quite a challenging read. Analytical Groundwater Mechanics is a much clearer distillation of these methods and is full of worked examples and illustrative problem sets. It is a treasure trove of (often clever) analytical solution approaches to groundwater flow problems. I recommend this text for anyone interested in the mathematical modelling of groundwater flow.' James R. Craig, University of Waterloo, Ontario'Encapsulating almost 50 years of experience applying mathematics to groundwater flow problems, this latest textbook from Otto Strack (2017) is a tour de force for analytical groundwater approaches … A more in-depth understanding of the analytical approach can only help us to decompose our modeling problem to its salient, fundamental, components. Analytical Groundwater Mechanics is an indispensable addition to resources available for professionals that is tuned for just this purpose.' Randall Hunt, GroundwaterTable of ContentsPreface; 1. Basic equations; 2. Steady flow in a single aquifer; 3. Steady interface flow; 4. Two-dimensional flow in the vertical plane; 5. Steady flow in leaky aquifer systems; 6. Three-dimensional flow; 7. Transient flow; 8. Complex variable methods; 9. Fluid particle paths and solute transport; 10. Finite differences and finite elements; Appendix A. Sinusoidal tidal fluctuation; Appendix B. Numerical integration of the Cauchy integral; References; Index.

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Book SynopsisBringing together the ideas of experts from around the world, this incisive text offers cutting-edge perspectives on the risk analysis and governance of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), supporting effective and informed decision-making in developing countries. Comprised of four comprehensive sections, this book covers: integrated risk analysis and decision making, giving an overview of the science involved and examining risk analysis methods that impact decision-making on the release of GMOs, particularly in developing countries; diversification of expertise involved in risk analysis and practical ways in which the lack of expertise in developing countries can be overcome; risk analysis based regulatory systems and how they can be undermined by power relationships and socio-political interests, as well as strategies for improving GMO policy development and regulatory decision-making; and case studies from developing countries providing lessons based on real-world experience that Table of Contents1. Introduction Ademola A. Adenle, E. Jane Morris and Denis J. Murphy; 2. Recent scientific developments in genetic technologies: implications for future regulation of GMOs in developing countries Denis J. Murphy; 3. A strategy for integrating science into regulatory decision-making for GMOs Wendy Craig, Dennis Ndolo Obonyo and Mark Tepfer; 4. Governance of benefits and risks of GMOs in developing countries E. Jane Morris; 5. The Canadian experience with the creation and implementation of regulatory frameworks for the environmental release of GM crops as a model for developing countries Phil Macdonald; 6. Labelling of food from GMOs: options to consider by developing countries Wilna Jansen van Rijssen and Wynand J. van der Walt; 7. Building human capacity and skills in biosafety: lessons learned and emerging best practices John Komen and Muffy Koch; 8. Regulation of GMOs in developing countries: why socioeconomic considerations matter for decision-making Jose Falck-Zepeda and Marnus Gouse; 9. Food safety assessment of genetically modified crops in developing countries: the experience in Africa Godwin Lemgo, Narender Nehra and Hector Quemada; 10. Being scientific about socio-economics in GMO decision-making in developing countries Monica Racovita; 11. The sharing of information in risk assessment: how national authorities co-operate Peter Kearns, Bertrand Dagallier and Takahiko Nikaido; 12. Should GM rice with nutrition benefits be deployed? Findings from biotech and socio-economic research Hans De Steur, Dieter Blancquaert, Christophe Stove, Willy Lambert, Dominique Van Der Straeten and Xavier Gellynck; 13. The risk analysis framework and biosafety policy Peter W. B. Phillips and Stuart J. Smyth; 14. Precautionary principle as a barrier to GMO risk analysis: Elicitation of experts' viewpoints Ademola A. Adenle; 15. How do socio-political disputes of GMOs influence decision-making in developing countries? Hossein Azadi, Ademola A. Adenle and Klaus Ammann; 16. Biosafety communication: beyond risk communication Andrea Sonnino and Sandra Sharry; 17. The role of mass media and lobbies in the formulation of GMO regulations Mauro Vigani; 18. Risk regulation of agricultural GMOs in China: challenges and prospects Wen Xiang; 19. Commercial use and governance of Bt cotton in China Yunhe Li, Yanhui Lu, Eric M. Hallerman, Yufa Peng and Kongming Wu; 20. Regulatory regime of genetically modified crops in India Krishna Ravi Srinivas; 21. The Argentinian GMO biosafety system: an evolving perspective Carmen Vicien and Eduardo Trigo; 22. The Brazilian GMO regulatory system: a historical view and perspective Edivaldo Domingues Velini, Maria Lúcia Zaidan Dagli, Gutemberg Delfino de Souza, Rubens José Nascimento, Tassiana Fronza Pinho, Paulo Paes de Andrade and Helaine Carrer; 23. Effective regulatory regime supported by research and development is key to adoption of GM technology in West Africa: Burkina Faso and Nigeria as case studies Olalekan Akinbo, Ademola A. Adenle and Diran Makinde; 24. Pathway for biosafety regulation of GMOs in Sub-Saharan Africa Julius Ecuru; 25. Conclusions and recommendations E. Jane Morris, Ademola A. Adenle and Denis J. Murphy.

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Book SynopsisIn recent years there has been growing recognition that disaster risk cannot be reduced by focusing solely on physical hazards without considering factors that influence socio-economic impact. Vulnerability: the susceptibility to the damaging impacts of hazards, and resilience: the ability to recover, have become popular concepts in natural hazard and risk management. This book provides a comprehensive overview of the concepts of vulnerability and resilience and their application to natural hazards research. With contributions from both physical and social scientists it provides an interdisciplinary discussion of the different types of vulnerability and resilience, the links between them, and concludes with the remaining challenges and future directions of the field. Examining global case studies from the US coast to Austria, this is a valuable reference for researchers and graduate students working in natural hazard and risk reduction from both the natural and social sciences.Trade Review'Both vulnerability and resilience are 'slippery' topics that, to be useful, need extensive theorising and careful analysis. This book takes a rigourous and comprehensive approach to their definition and elaboration, thereby making a very valuable contribution to the literature in this field.' Edmund Penning-Rowsell, Middlesex University'This is an essential volume in which leading scholars from three continents grapple with vulnerability to natural hazards in a thorough, no nonsense, fact-based manner. The Enlightenment tradition lives on despite both populist and post-modern scorn for science. Quantitative and qualitative assessment methods are clearly explained; whilst recent case examples, key messages and innovative diagrams will please a wide audience.' Ben Wisner, University College London'This impressive volume provides a comprehensive overview of arguably the two most important concepts orienting contemporary research and practice regarding environmental hazards: vulnerability and resilience. With individual contributions from leading international scholars that cover diverse applications across physical, social, economic and institutional domains, this volume offers a key resource to assist scholars, students, policymakers, and citizens in better comprehending human dimensions of hazards and disasters, and in developing interventions to reduce vulnerability and foster resilience. Additionally, the volume provides synthetic insights into linkages between the vulnerability and resilience frameworks. Given the centrality of these concepts to hazards and disaster research, and to related fields, this treatment is long overdue.' Timothy Collins, University of Utah'The editors have put together an excellent and thorough set of papers that any serious student of vulnerability and resilience should consider essential reading. The chapters are nuanced in approach, do an excellent job at reviewing existing literature, and highlight important conceptual questions as well as limitations in current understanding.' David Etkin, York University, Canada'Although being widely used in both risk research and management, the concepts of vulnerability and, particularly, resilience are the subject of ongoing debate with respect to their definition as well as their operationalisation. In this intense discourse, few publications have aimed at a systematic view. Against this backdrop, the present book offers a comprehensive and multifaceted approach, and provides an important and timely contribution to the discussion on the relation between the concepts of vulnerability and resilience. Particularly the aspects of scale and time dependence will provide food for thought on their future role in science and practice.' Jakob Rhyner, United Nations University, BonnTable of Contents1. Introduction Sven Fuchs and Thomas Thaler; 2. Vulnerability: an introduction Alexander Fekete and Burrell Montz; 3. Physical vulnerability Sven Fuchs, Tim Frazier and Laura Siebeneck; 4. Social vulnerability Christopher Burton, Samuel Rufat and Eric Tate; 5. Economic vulnerability Thomas Thaler and Brenden Jongman; 6. Institutional vulnerability Maria Papathoma-Köhle and Thomas Thaler; 7. Resilience: an introduction Christopher T. Emrich and Graham A. Tobin; 8. Physical resilience Anna Bozza, Domenico Asprone and Gaetano Manfredi; 9. Social resilience Gérard Hutter and Daniel F. Lorenz; 10. Economic resilience Carlos Dionisio Pérez Blanco, David Adamson and Adam Loch; 11. Institutional resilience Samuel D. Brody and Kayode Atoba; 12. Linkages between vulnerability and resilience Susan Cutter; 13. Synthesis and conclusion Sven Fuchs and Thomas Thaler.

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Book SynopsisClimate change is increasingly recognized as a global threat, and is already contributing to record-breaking hurricanes and heat waves. To prevent the worst impacts, attention is now turning to climate engineering - the intentional large-scale modification of the environment to reduce the impact of climate change. The two principal methods involve removing some carbon dioxide from the atmosphere (which could consume huge amounts of land and money, and take a long period of time), and reducing the amount of solar radiation reaching the earth''s surface, perhaps by spraying aerosols into the upper atmosphere from airplanes (which could be done quickly but is risky and highly controversial). This is the first book to focus on the legal aspects of these technologies: what government approvals would be needed; how liability would be assessed and compensation provided if something goes wrong; and how a governance system could be structured and agreed internationally.Trade Review'In Climate Engineering and the Law, editors Michael B. Gerrard and Tracy Hester lead us into the third phase of climate change law and policy based on their sobering but inescapable assessment that the current trajectory of mitigation and adaptation policies will not be enough. The chapters of the volume, authored by experts in their fields, accessibly guide the reader through the essential scientific and legal foundations necessary for meaningful engagement over the question of climate engineering, and provide thoughtful insights on the important next steps. As disappointing as it may be to accept that some forms of climate geoengineering will be needed in order to avoid massive human and environmental catastrophe, they will be, and we'd better prepare law for it now rather than later.' J. B. Ruhl, David Daniels Allen Distinguished Chair in Law, Vanderbilt University, Tennessee'Gerrard and Hester have persuasively made the case why the world's tool-kit for combating climate change must expand beyond climate mitigation and adaptation and include some forms of climate engineering. Their ground-breaking compilation of legal and technical issues surrounding potential climate engineering approaches will enable lawmakers, scientists and policymakers to consider this challenging subject in a clear-headed and disciplined manner.' David J. Hayes, Executive Director, State Energy and Environmental Impact Center, New York University and former Deputy Secretary, US Department of the Interior'The importance of legal and regulatory frameworks for the successful implementation of climate change mitigation cannot be overestimated. This book is long overdue and provides an excellent overview of the issues, as the entire field is evolving rapidly.' Klaus Lackner, Director, Center for Negative Carbon Emissions, Arizona State University'A much-needed, comprehensive treatment of the serious policy, structural, institutional, and legal challenges raised by climate engineering proposals. This work will be an important reference for shaping and framing the public debate as it continues to move forward. It highlights the near absence of regulatory and institutional frameworks to safeguard the planet from unforeseen consequences of well-intentioned, but risky, interventions.' David A. Wirth, Boston College Law School, Massachusetts'The world may need climate engineering, but the control of this technology will challenge our institutions dramatically. Climate Engineering and the Law nicely puts together the existing legal tools and concepts for governing intentional modification of the climate. The book makes clear that concepts for controlling geoengineering present unique challenges but finds utility in previous laws, policies and agreements.' Jane C. S. Long, former Principal Associate Director, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California'A book that should be read also by non-legal researchers, Climate Engineering and the Law will hopefully spur similar academic exercises, thus ultimately enhancing the collective wisdom desperately needed to turn anthropogenic manipulation of the planet into a shield against climate change, rather than a dreadful double-edged sword for self-destruction.' Matteo Fermeglia, Carbon & Climate Law ReviewTable of ContentsPreface and acknowledgments; Editors and contributors; 1. Introduction and overview Michael B. Gerrard; 2. Technologies Eli Kintisch; 3. International law Jesse L. Reynolds; 4. US law Albert C. Lin; 5. Liability and compensation Tracy Hester; 6. Research governance Michael Burger and Justin Gundlach; 7. Conclusions and recommendations Michael B. Gerrard and Tracy Hester.

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Book SynopsisPopulation growth and rising living standards, on the one hand, and changing climate, on the other hand, have exacerbated water scarcity worldwide. To address this problem, policymakers need to take a wide view of the water economy a complex structure involving environmental, social, economic, legal, and institutional aspects. A coherent water policy must look at the water economy as a whole and apply a comprehensive approach to policy interventions. Written by two of the world''s leading scholars on economics of water, this is the first graduate-level textbook on the topic. The book discusses water resource management within a comprehensive framework that integrates the different, yet highly entwined, elements of a water economy. It follows the steps needed to develop a well-designed set of policies based on detailed analyses of intervention measures, using multi-sectoral and economy-wide examples from a variety of locations and situations around the world.Trade Review'A comprehensive, integrated approach for evaluating and improving the management of scarce water resources across the globe. The fundamental principles of economics, critical role of institutions, and legal norms restricting water allocation policies are insightfully represented. I am completely persuaded by the authors' modular structure of the advanced framework and its implications for the future of water resource management challenges.' Gordon Rausser, University of California, Berkeley'A clear, precise introduction to the challenges of managing common pool resources. This book's lessons go beyond water, covering dynamic resource allocation and management and combining technical rigor with insightful analysis of real world challenges.' David Zilberman, University of California, Berkeley'The first and most outstanding book that clearly explains water economy through economic theories and approaches. Anyone who is interested in water related economic and policy issues should read this important book.' Jinxia Wang, Peking University'Economics provides an analytical lens for understanding the difficulties for managing water equitably, efficiently and sustainably. This book presents advances in water economics and how this field can prescribe policy designs and offer applicable lessons. A canonical guide for intermediate students and scholars looking for basic theory foundations.' Alberto Garrido, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain'This book develops a water economy edifice, which breaks through the traditional methodology to incorporate natural, social, and economic aspects, as well as hydrological and hydraulic factors, into the analysis framework. This brings the study of the economy of water resources into a more inclusive system.' Dajun Shen, Renmin University of China'… a lucid and mathematically rigorous account of the many dimensions of water management. Recommended.' A. A. Batabyal, Choice ConnectTable of Contents1. The state of water resources and the need for a comprehensive perspective; 2. The water economy; 3. Supply costs, demands and benefits; 4. Optimal water policy; 5. Water regulation; 6. Conjunctive use; 7. Case studies of regulatory interventions; 8. Economy-wide considerations of water management; 9. Management of transboundary water; Index.

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Book SynopsisHow fast is evolution, and why does it matter? The rate of evolution, and whether it is gradual or punctuated, is a hotly debated topic among biologists and paleontologists. This book compiles and compares examples of evolution from laboratory, field, and fossil record studies, analyzing them to extract their underlying rates. It concludes that while change is slow when averaged over many generations, on a generation-to-generation time scale, evolution is rapid. Chapters cover the history of evolutionary studies, from Lamarck and Darwin in the nineteenth century to the present day. An overview of the statistics of variation, dynamics of random walks, processes of natural selection and random drift, and effects of scale and time averaging are also provided, along with methods for the analysis of evolutionary time series. Containing case studies and worked examples, this book is ideal for advanced students and researchers in paleontology, biology, and anthropology.Trade Review'Philip D. Gingerich, renowned among paleontologists for his research on the evolution of mammals, has been a leading authority on rates of evolution for more than three decades. His analyses of evolution on different time scales have been critical to understanding this important, sometimes controversial, subject. Rates of Evolution: A Quantitative Synthesis will provide insights and statistical approaches that will interest a broad range of researchers and students working in evolutionary biology and paleontology.' Douglas Futuyma, State University of New York, Stony Brook'This book is a deeply thought-out, scholarly and lucid account of how to connect measurements of contemporary evolution with evolution as revealed in the fossil record. Rigorous and quantitative throughout, it will be a stimulating primer for professional evolutionary biologists. There is no other book like it.' Peter Grant, Princeton University, New Jersey'Using evidence from many fields of biology, paleontology, and beyond, Gingerich's Rates of Evolution is a comprehensive synthesis of a pillar of the evolutionary paradigm. This book is a sophisticated analysis of quantitative empirical data integrated with evolutionary theory. It is destined to be an authoritative reference and much-cited classic in evolutionary biology.' Bruce MacFadden, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of FloridaTable of Contents1. Introduction; 2. Variation in nature; 3. Evolutionary time; 4. Random walks and Brownian diffusion; 5. Temporal scaling and evolutionary mode; 6. Directional selection, stabilizing selection, and random drift; 7. Phenotypic change in experimental lineages; 8. Phenotypic change documented in field studies; 9. Phenotypic change in the fossil record; 10. A quantitative synthesis; 11. Retrospective on punctuated equilibria; 12. Genetic models; 13. Independent contrasts: Phylogeny's influence on phenotypes; 14. Rate perspective on early bursts of evolution; 15. Summary and conclusions; Appendix: generation times in bacteria, plants, and animals; References; Index.

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Book SynopsisThis book challenges the conventional (modernist-inspired) understanding of urbanization as a universal process tied to the ideal-typical model of the modern metropolis with its origins in the grand Western experience of city-building. At the start of the twenty-first century, the familiar idea of the ''city'' - or ''urbanism'' as we know it - has experienced such profound mutations in both structure and form that the customary epistemological categories and prevailing conceptual frameworks that predominate in conventional urban theory are no longer capable of explaining the evolving patterns of city-making. Global urbanism has increasingly taken shape as vast, distended city-regions, where urbanizing landscapes are increasingly fragmented into discontinuous assemblages of enclosed enclaves characterized by global connectivity and concentrated wealth, on the one side, and distressed zones of neglect and impoverishment, on the other. These emergent patterns of what might be called enclave urbanism have gone hand-in-hand with the new modes of urban governance, where the crystallization of privatized regulatory regimes has effectively shielded wealthy enclaves from public oversight and interference.Table of ContentsPreface; Acknowledgements; Introduction: the eclipse of modernist city building and the modern metropolis; Part I. Setting the Stage: 1. Global urbanism at the start of the twenty-first century; 2 The shape of cities to come: distended urban form as the template for global urbanism; Part II. Aggregate Urbanism: 3. Spatial restructuring on a global scale: enclave urbanism and the fragmentation of urban space; 4. Cities as an assemblage of enclaves: realizing the expectations of Late Modernity; Part III. Zone Formats and the Urbanism of Exception: 5. Autonomous zones and the eclipse of territorial sovereignty; 6. Typologies of zones; 7. Hybrid zones and the breakdown of conventional modalities of urban governance; 8. Urbanism as exception; Bibliography; Index.

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Book SynopsisStrabo''s Geography, completed in the early first century AD, is the primary source for the history of Greek geography. This Guide provides the first English analysis of and commentary on this long and difficult text, and serves as a companion to the author''s The Geography of Strabo, the first English translation of the work in many years. It thoroughly analyzes each of the seventeen books and provides perhaps the most thorough bibliography as yet created for Strabo''s work. Careful attention is paid to the historical and cultural data, the thousands of toponyms, and the many lost historical sources that are preserved only in the Geography. This volume guides readers through the challenges and complexities of the text, allowing an enhanced understanding of the numerous topics that Strabo covers, from the travels of Alexander and the history of the Mediterranean to science, religion, and cult.Trade ReviewThe publication of this guide concludes one of the major achievements of contemporary classical scholarship: the first complete English translation in almost a century of Strabo's Geography that reflects current scholarship on its text and content. Strabo's Geography is one of the most important surviving works of ancient Greek scholarship. It is the principal source for the history of ancient geography and Greek knowledge of the cultural and historical geography of the inhabited world from India to Britain. Roller published his translation, The Geography of Strabo, in 2014. In this massive new volume, he provides a detailed exegesis of Strabo's text; each of the 17 chapters is devoted to one book of the Geography, explicating paragraph by paragraph Strabo's geographical, zoological, botanical, historical, and mythical allusions. Three maps, a comprehensive bibliography, and indexes of ancient sources cited in the text and proper names complete the work. Additional maps would have been desirable, but their absence does not detract from the value of this outstanding work. All university and college libraries. ChoiceTable of ContentsPreface; Abbreviations; Maps: 1. The ancient world as known to Strabo; 2. The inhabited world (Oikoumene); 3. The geographical extent of the books of the Geography; The guide to the Geography: Book 1; Book 2; Book 3; Book 4; Book 5; Book 6; Book 7; Book 8; Book 9; Book 10; Book 11; Book 12; Book 13; Book 14; Book 15; Book 16; Book 17; Bibliography; Index of passages cited; General index.

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Book SynopsisPresenting new approaches to studying food webs, this book uses practical management and policy examples to demonstrate the theory behind ecosystem management decisions and the broader issue of sustainability. All the information that readers need to use food web analyses as a tool for understanding and quantifying transition processes is provided. Advancing the idea of food webs as complex adaptive systems, readers are challenged to rethink how changes in environmental conditions affect these systems. Beginning with the current state of thinking about community organisation, complexity and stability, the book moves on to focus on the traits of organisms, the adaptive nature of communities and their impacts on ecosystem function. The final section of the book addresses the applications to management and sustainability. By helping to understand the complexities of multispecies networks, this book provides insights into the evolution of organisms and the fate of ecosystems in a changing Table of ContentsPreface; Part I. Food Webs: Complexity and Stability: 1. Food webs versus interaction networks: principles, pitfalls and perspectives Carsten F. Dormann and Nico Blüthgen; 2. What kind of interaction-type diversity matters for community stability? Michio Kondoh and Akihiko Mougi; 3. Symmetry, asymmetry and beyond: the crucial role of interaction strength in the complexity-stability debate Anje-Margriet Neutel and Michael A. S. Thorne; 4. Ecologically effective population sizes and functional extinction of species in ecosystems Bo Ebenman, Torbjörn Säterberg and Stefan Sellman; 5. Merging antagonistic and mutualistic bipartite webs: a first step to integrate interaction diversity into network approaches Elisa Thébault, Alix M. C. Sauve and Colin Fontaine; 6. Toward multiplex ecological networks: accounting for multiple interaction types to understand community structure and dynamics Sonia Kéfi, Elisa Thébault, Anna Eklöf, Miguel Lurgi, Andrew J. Davis, Michio Kondoh and Jennifer Adams Krumins; 7. Unpacking resilience in food webs: an emergent property or a sum of the parts? R. M. Thompson and Richard Williams; Part II. Food Webs: From Traits to Ecosystem Functioning: 8. Integrating food-web and trait-based ecology to investigate biomass-trait-feedbacks Ursula Gaedke and Toni Klauschies; 9. Including the life cycle in food webs Karin A. Nilsson, Amanda L. Caskenette, Christian Guill, Martin Hartvig and Floor H. Soudijn; 10. Importance of trait-related flexibility for food web dynamics and the maintenance of biodiversity Ursula Gaedke, Beatrix E. Beisner, Amrei Binzer, Amy Downing, Christian Guill, Toni Klauschies, Jan J. Kuiper, Floor H. Soudijn and Wolf M. Mooij; 11. Ecological succession investigated through food web flow networks Antonio Bodini, Cristina Bondavalli and Giampaolo Rossetti; 12. Statistical approaches for inferring and predicting food-web architecture Rudolf P. Rohr, Russell E. Naisbit, Christian Mazza and Louis-Félix Bersier; 13. Global metawebs of spider predation highlight consequences of land-use change for terrestrial predator-prey networks Klaus Birkhofer, Eva Diehl, Volkmar Wolters and Henrik G. Smith; 14. Ecological networks in managed ecosystems: connecting structure to services Christian Mulder, Valentina Sechi, Guy Woodward and Davib Andrew Bohan; 15. Trait-based and process-oriented modeling in ecological network dynamics Marco Scotti, Martin Hartvig, Kirk O. Winemiller, Yuanheng Li, Frank Jauker, Ferenc Jordán and Carsten Dormann; 16. Empirical methods of identifying and quantifying trophic interactions for constructing 3 soil food web models Amber Heijboer, Liliane Ruess, Michael Traugott, Alexandre Jousset and Peter de Ruiter; Part III. Food Webs and Environmental Sustainability: 17. Integrating species interaction networks and biogeography José M. Montoya and Núria Galiana; 18. Food web dynamics when divergent life history strategies respond to environmental variation differently: a fisheries ecology perspective Kirk O. Winemiller; 19. Rare but important: perturbations to uncommon species can have large impact on the structure of ecological communities Tomas Jonsson, Sofia Berg, Torbjörn Säterberg, Céline Hauzy and Bo Ebenman; 20. Food web simulations: stochastic variability and systems-based conservation Ferenc Jordán, Marco Scotti, and Catherine M. Yule; 21. An individual-based simulation model to link population, community and metacommunity dynamics Marco Scotti and Ferenc Jordán; 22. Structural instability of food webs and food-web models and its implications for management Axel G. Rossberg, Amanda Caskenette and Louis-Felix Bersier; 23. Linking ecology and epidemiology: the case of infected resource Sanja Selakovic, Peter de Ruiter and Hans Heesterbeek.

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Book SynopsisHow do planetary scientists analyze and interpret data from laboratory, telescopic, and spacecraft observations of planetary surfaces? What elements, minerals, and volatiles are found on the surfaces of our Solar System''s planets, moons, asteroids, and comets? This comprehensive volume answers these topical questions by providing an overview of the theory and techniques of remote compositional analysis of planetary surfaces. Bringing together eminent researchers in Solar System exploration, it describes state-of-the-art results from spectroscopic, mineralogical, and geochemical techniques used to analyze the surfaces of planets, moons, and small bodies. The book introduces the methodology and theoretical background of each technique, and presents the latest advances in space exploration, telescopic and laboratory instrumentation, and major new work in theoretical studies. This engaging volume provides a comprehensive reference on planetary surface composition and mineralogy for advancTrade Review'… provides a thoroughly updated entry point to the field, covering the techniques used on missions from Mercury to Pluto and almost everywhere in between … Researchers will appreciate the copious end-of-chapter references (chapter 3 alone provides 132 citations). Though the density of information may be intimidating to novices, libraries supporting graduate astronomy programs should certainly acquire this book.' S. G. Decker, ChoiceTable of ContentsPart I. Theory of Remote Compositional Analysis Techniques and Laboratory Measurements: 1. Electronic spectra of minerals in the visible and near-infrared regions; 2. Theory of reflectance and emittance spectroscopy of geologic materials in the visible and infrared regions; 3. Mid-IR (thermal) emission and reflectance spectroscopy: laboratory spectra of geologic materials; 4. Visible and near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy: laboratory spectra of geologic materials; 5. Visible and infrared spectroscopy of ices, volatiles and organics; 6. Raman spectroscopy: theory and laboratory spectra of geologic materials; 7. Mössbauer spectroscopy: theory and laboratory spectra of geologic materials; 8. Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy: theory and laboratory spectra of geologic materials; 9. Fundamentals of neutron, X-ray and gamma ray spectroscopy; 10. Radar remote sensing: theory and applications; Part II. Terrestrial Field and Airborne Applications: 11. Visible and near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy: field and airborne measurements; 12. Raman spectroscopy: field measurements; Part III. Analysis Methods: 13. Effects of environmental conditions on spectral measurements; 14. Hyper- and multispectral VNIR imaging analysis; 15. Thermal infrared spectral modeling; 16. Geochemical interpretations using multiple remote datasets; Part IV. Applications to Planetary Surfaces: 17. Spectral analyses of Mercury; 18. Compositional analysis of the Moon from the visible and near-infrared; 19. Spectral analyses of asteroids; 20. VIS-NIR spectral analyses of asteroids and comets from Dawn and Rosetta; 21. Spectral analyses of Saturn's moons using Cassini-VIMS; 22. Spectroscopy of Pluto and its satellites; 23. VSWIR spectral analyses of Mars from orbit using CRISM and OMEGA; 24. Thermal infrared spectral analyses of Mars from orbit using TES and THEMIS; 25. Rover-based thermal infrared remote sensing of Mars using the mini-TES instrument; 26. Compositional and mineralogic analyses of Mars using multispectral imaging on the Mars Exploration Rover, Phoenix, and Mars Science Laboratory Missions; 27. Iron mineralogy, oxidation state, and alteration on Mars from Mössbauer spectroscopy at Gusev Crater and Meridiani Planum; 28. Elemental analyses of Mars using APXS; 29. Elemental analyses of Mars with LIBS by ChemCam and SuperCam; 30. X-ray, gamma-ray, and neutron spectroscopy: planetary missions; 31. Radar remote sensing of planetary bodies.

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Book SynopsisAttitudes towards charismatic animals such as tigers, lions, bears and wolves vary greatly and change over time, resulting in bitter political debates. This comprehensive book identifies and analyses the factors that influence policies across the globe, highlighting how this impacts conservation as a whole. Issues such as overexploitation, hunting, ecotourism and the struggle to prevent illegal wildlife trafficking are examined and science''s role in policymaking is assessed. The conflicting forces behind legislation, including institutions, interest groups and the media are analysed, with particular focus on the significance of the Endangered Species Act, covering over forty-five species that have become matters of political debate in sixty-seven different countries. Case studies and conceptual frameworks provide a clear understanding of the key topics, shedding light on this important yet often overlooked area of environmental politics.Trade Review'Eminently readable and thoroughly referenced, Wildlife Politics fills a great void in the literature. It will make an excellent primary text in classes on conservation politics and an excellent supplementary text in survey courses on conservation, which usually give short shrift to politics and thus leave students unprepared.' David Johns, Biological Conservation'The utility of this book to students and scholars lies in its diversity of subject matter and the depth in which subjects are explored.' J. Organ, Choice'This is an incredibly well-researched overview and survey of the factors, issues, and considerations that are relevant to conservation of biological diversity in the Unites States and around the world. This book would be an excellent reference and starting point for students, policy practitioners, and wildlife managers who want to gain a greater appreciation for the complexities of wildlife politics.' Brett Hartl, The Quarterly Review of Biology'Wildlife Politics is an impressive summary of many of the social and political issues that shape conservation … this will be a valuable resource for those interested in wildlife politics, wherever they are in the world.' Rebecca Nesbit, The BiologistTable of Contents1. An introduction to wildlife politics; 2. Science and the protection of wildlife; 3. Implementation and enforcement issues in preserving wildlife; 4. The development of US wildlife policies and legislation; 5. Charismatic animals, carnivores, and the politics of wildlife; 6. The ESA: evaluation and politics; 7. Comparative wildlife politics; 8. International wildlife politics; 9. Wildlife politics, values, and ethics; 10. Hunting and wildlife politics; 11. Tourism: good or bad for conservation of wildlife?; 12. Conclusion.

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Book SynopsisWild pigs inhabit vast areas in Europe, Southern Asia and Africa, and have been introduced in North and South America, while feral pigs are widespread in Australia and New Zealand. Many wild pig species are threatened with extinction, but Eurasian wild boar populations, however, are increasing in many regions. Covering all wild pig and peccary species, the Suidae and Tayassuidae families, this comprehensive review presents new information about the evolution, taxonomy and domestication of wild pigs and peccaries alongside novel case studies on conservation activities and management. One hundred leading experts from twenty five countries synthesise understanding of this group of species; discussing current research, and gaps in the knowledge of researchers, conservation biologists, zoologists, wildlife managers and students. This beautifully illustrated reference includes the long history of interactions between wild pigs and humans, the benefits some species have brought us and their rTrade Review'[Ecology, Conservation and Management of Wild] Pigs and Peccaries was designed for use in the scientific community but also is accessible to the public and decision makers. This book highlights the conservation challenges of threatened and endangered species, management of invasive populations, and the role of wild pig species in altering ecosystems. [It] is the only book to cover the full range of pig and peccary species and highlight their conservation and management needs in comprehensive detail. Overall, this is a valuable addition to the literature for those interested in ecology of the suborder Suoidea.' Peter E. Schlichting, The Journal of Wildlife ManagementTable of ContentsForeword; Part I. Evolution, Taxonomy and Domestication: 1. Evolutionary relationships and taxonomy of Suidae and Tayassuidae; 2. Postcranial skeletal morphology in living and fossil African Suidae; 3. Diet and ecology of extant and fossil wild pigs; 4. A history of pig domestication: new ways of exploring a complex process; 5. Space, time and pig; Part II. Species Accounts: 6. Sulawesi babirusa; 7. Moluccan babirusa; 8. Togian babirusa; 9. Common warthog; 10. Desert warthog; 11. Forest hog; 12. Bushpig; 13. Red river hog; 14. Visayan warty pig; 15. Philippine warty pig; 16. Mindoro warty pig; 17. Palawan bearded pig; 18. Bearded pig; 19. Sulawesi warty pig; 20. Javan/Bawean warty pig; 21. Eurasian wild boar; 22. Pygmy hog; 23. Chacoan peccary; 24. Collared peccary; 25. White-lipped peccary; Part III. Conservation and Management: 26. Conservation of wild pigs and peccaries; 27. Modelling pygmy hog habitat to inform habitat management; 28. Introduced wild pigs in North America: history, problems and management; 29. Biological invasion of wild boar and feral pigs Sus scrofa L. (Suidae) in South America: a review and mapping with implications for conservation of peccaries (Tayassuidae); 30. Feral pigs in Australia and New Zealand: range, trend, management and impacts of an invasive species; 31. Wild boar management in Europe: knowledge and practice; 32. Resolving conflict between farmers and wild boar in Europe and in Northern Asia; 33. Human dimensions of wild boar: the need to include people in decision making processes; 34. A genomic perspective on wild boar demography and evolution; 35. Disease transmission at the interface between wild and domestic Suiform species in the Old and New World; 36. Ecological impact of wild boar in natural ecosystems; 37. Ex situ conservation of wild pigs and peccaries: roles, status, management successes and challenges; 38. Antimicrobial resistance in wild boar in Europe: present knowledge and future challenges.

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Book SynopsisAdolf Hitler was a vegetarian and the Dachau concentration camp had an organic herb garden. Vegetarianism, organic farming, and other such practices have enticed a wide variety of Germans, from socialists, liberals, and radical anti-Semites in the nineteenth century to fascists, communists, and Greens in the twentieth century. Corinna Treitel offers a fascinating new account of how Germans became world leaders in developing more ''natural'' ways to eat and farm. Used to conserve nutritional resources with extreme efficiency at times of hunger and to optimize the nation''s health at times of nutritional abundance, natural foods and farming belong to the biopolitics of German modernity. Eating Nature in Modern Germany brings together histories of science, medicine, agriculture, the environment, and popular culture to offer the most thorough and historically comprehensive treatment yet of this remarkable story.Trade Review'Corinna Treitel has written a highly readable and informative book … She shows how important life reform was for the development of modern alternative diets and at the same time makes clear that a decades-long dynamic of criticism and co-optation between vastly different actors propelled the consolidation and wide dissemination of the 'natural diet'.' Laura-Elena Keck, translated from H-Soz-Kult (www.hsozkult.de)'… well written and carefully researched … Treitel's examination of the discourse on eating naturally challenges our understanding of biopolitics by arguing that biopolitics is the result of both popular impulse to self-rule as well as authoritarian attempts to coerce and as such is coproduced by laypeople and experts.' Gesine Gerhard, The Journal of Modern HistoryTable of ContentsIntroduction. Natural, a German history; 1. Hunger, citizenship, and the gospel of nature; 2. Being natural; 3. Nature and the nutrition question in Imperial and Weimar Germany; 4. Humans are only plants in nature's garden: remaking German agriculture, 1870–1939; 5. Nature and the Nazi diet; 6. Mainstreaming nature, pursuing health: food and the environmental turn in West Germany; 7. Masking nature, prescribing health: the East German experience; Conclusion. The natural temptation.

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