Diplomacy Books

Book SynopsisIn this engaging study of African diplomacy, Nigerian scholar Nwankwo Nwaeziegwe revisits the issue of cooperation between Arab nationalist governments and the nations of Sub-Saharan Africa. The book clinically explores the proper bases, character, and implications of Arab-Sub-Saharan relations through the lens of Arab nationalist diplomatic initiative and collective Black African development initiatives. It presents the Sub-Saharan African with the option of either continuing to regard the Arabs as a people with a common aspiration or putting them in the same neo-colonial basket as he has tended to put Europeans. The book’s main objective is to arrive at a proper understanding of the basis of Arab interest in Sub-Saharan Africa from the Egyptian Revolution of 1952, which brought the first Arab nationalist to power, and 1993, the year of the epoch-making Declaration of Principles (DOP) between Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO).Most importantly, the book examines the other face of the African predicament, which previous scholars of modern Africa have neglected. Ironically, the Arabs may have participated in undermining Sub-Saharan Africa’s development by promoting the institution of slavery, which was just as ruthless as the European experience of that phenomenon, if not worse. Nevertheless, due to Europe’s overwhelming dominance in the colonial era, the Arab role has often been downplayed against that of Europeans.

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Book SynopsisDavid Martin Jones, Nicholas Khoo, M. L. R. SmithTrade Review‘This thoroughly researched and clearly written book considers a variety of theoretical and methodological approaches to understanding the impact and implications of China's rise, with separate chapters considering the very different dynamics of Northeast Asia, Southeast Asia, and Australia. . . In all, they provide valuable information and ample food for thought for students and practitioners at all levels. Highly recommended.’ -- M.F. Farrell, Choice‘This book undertakes a sophisticated analysis of considerable nuance. The careful discussion, which makes use of multiple international relations theoretical positions, does not confuse but rather provides a thoughtful, well-balanced approach, missing in some of the more excitable “rising China” publications. . . the book offers many important insights for policymakers, academics and those deeply concerned with understanding the East Asian region.’ -- Peter Layton, RUSI JournalDavid Martin Jones, Nicholas Khoo and M. R. Smith have delivered a wonderfull neoclassical take on East Asian security and added energy to the debate surrounding China's rising influence in that region. Asian Security and the Rise of China will find an audience in universities as well as in the conference rooms where foreign and security policies are made in the Asia- Pacific. -- Dylan Kissane, CEU Political Science Journal‘Khoo, Jones, and Smith have pulled off a remarkable balancing act, crafting a well-grounded and multifaceted survey of China’s rise in the context of Asian security. In a field which is often marked more by scholarly effervescence than substance, the authors provide a refreshingly detailed portrait of the last two decades, and fair-mindedly point out evidence which might support both extremes of the debates they challenge with their own “third way”.’ -- Frank ‘Scott’ Douglas, US Naval War College, US‘Congratulations to the authors for a clearly argued and comprehensive treatment of China’s post-Cold War rise and what it means for existing and future dynamics of the Asia-Pacific region. Effectively employing realist theory in a fair-minded treatment of regional developments, the volume shows how and why power realities are more important than non-material factors in determining the region’s trajectory and thereby demonstrates that China’s ascendance in Asia remains complicated and conflicted.’ -- Robert Sutter, George Washington University, US‘Jones, Khoo, and Smith have written a very good primer to the challenges the rise of China poses for the East Asian regional order and its various constituent parts. They manage to do so while also presenting a clear, well-considered argument on how the respective actors in this drama are likely to respond. That they intersperse their analysis with humorous asides and clever metaphors is not lost on the reader; preventing the book from becoming a dry overview of the alphabet soup of meetings, agreements, frameworks, and institutions that have defined international relations in East and Southeast Asia in the past 30 years or so.’ -- East Asian Integration ReviewTable of ContentsContents: Introduction 1. Rocky Rise: US–China Relations in the Post-Cold War Era 2. Fear Factor: Northeast Asian Responses to China’s Rise 3. ASEAN’s Elusive Search for a Role in East Asian International Relations 4. Norms are what Strong States Make of Them: ASEAN in an Age of Volatility 5. Producing Security: State Power, Democracy and Southeast Asian Regionalism 6. Between Two Worlds: Australian Foreign Policy, the Rise of China and Middle-Power Responses to New and Old Security Dilemmas 7. The New Twenty Years’ Crisis: East Asia and the Northern Financial Crisis Conclusion Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisDavid Martin Jones, Nicholas Khoo, M. L. R. SmithTrade Review‘This thoroughly researched and clearly written book considers a variety of theoretical and methodological approaches to understanding the impact and implications of China's rise, with separate chapters considering the very different dynamics of Northeast Asia, Southeast Asia, and Australia. . . In all, they provide valuable information and ample food for thought for students and practitioners at all levels. Highly recommended.’ -- M.F. Farrell, Choice‘This book undertakes a sophisticated analysis of considerable nuance. The careful discussion, which makes use of multiple international relations theoretical positions, does not confuse but rather provides a thoughtful, well-balanced approach, missing in some of the more excitable “rising China” publications. . . the book offers many important insights for policymakers, academics and those deeply concerned with understanding the East Asian region.’ -- Peter Layton, RUSI JournalDavid Martin Jones, Nicholas Khoo and M. R. Smith have delivered a wonderfull neoclassical take on East Asian security and added energy to the debate surrounding China's rising influence in that region. Asian Security and the Rise of China will find an audience in universities as well as in the conference rooms where foreign and security policies are made in the Asia- Pacific. -- Dylan Kissane, CEU Political Science Journal‘Khoo, Jones, and Smith have pulled off a remarkable balancing act, crafting a well-grounded and multifaceted survey of China’s rise in the context of Asian security. In a field which is often marked more by scholarly effervescence than substance, the authors provide a refreshingly detailed portrait of the last two decades, and fair-mindedly point out evidence which might support both extremes of the debates they challenge with their own “third way”.’ -- Frank ‘Scott’ Douglas, US Naval War College, US‘Congratulations to the authors for a clearly argued and comprehensive treatment of China’s post-Cold War rise and what it means for existing and future dynamics of the Asia-Pacific region. Effectively employing realist theory in a fair-minded treatment of regional developments, the volume shows how and why power realities are more important than non-material factors in determining the region’s trajectory and thereby demonstrates that China’s ascendance in Asia remains complicated and conflicted.’ -- Robert Sutter, George Washington University, US‘Jones, Khoo, and Smith have written a very good primer to the challenges the rise of China poses for the East Asian regional order and its various constituent parts. They manage to do so while also presenting a clear, well-considered argument on how the respective actors in this drama are likely to respond. That they intersperse their analysis with humorous asides and clever metaphors is not lost on the reader; preventing the book from becoming a dry overview of the alphabet soup of meetings, agreements, frameworks, and institutions that have defined international relations in East and Southeast Asia in the past 30 years or so.’ -- East Asian Integration ReviewTable of ContentsContents: Introduction 1. Rocky Rise: US–China Relations in the Post-Cold War Era 2. Fear Factor: Northeast Asian Responses to China’s Rise 3. ASEAN’s Elusive Search for a Role in East Asian International Relations 4. Norms are what Strong States Make of Them: ASEAN in an Age of Volatility 5. Producing Security: State Power, Democracy and Southeast Asian Regionalism 6. Between Two Worlds: Australian Foreign Policy, the Rise of China and Middle-Power Responses to New and Old Security Dilemmas 7. The New Twenty Years’ Crisis: East Asia and the Northern Financial Crisis Conclusion Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisBilateral economic diplomacy is an increasingly popular method of ensuring both commercial and broader economic interests. In this Handbook over 30 leading experts from developed and developing countries, industrial nations and emerging economies have come together to form a global view of economic diplomacy. Representing a move away from Euro-centric books on the topic, this Handbook uses a combination of qualitative and quantitative research to explore how state visits, embassies and economic sanctions are being increasingly used as forms of diplomacy. Editors Peter van Bergeijk and Selwyn Moons have ensured that the entire research process is covered, from data collection to evidence-based policy advice. As such, the Handbook reveals how and under which conditions economic diplomacy can be most effective, proving an invaluable tool for future research.The Research Handbook for Economic Diplomacy is a key resource for academics and researchers at policy institutions who wish to understand the field in greater depth. Policy makers and other actors at domestic and international levels would also greatly benefit from this extensive international view of economy diplomacy.Trade Review‘Economic diplomacy has long been a neglected dimension in the study of international commerce. Governments around the globe actively seek to promote exports, attract investment, and protect the interests of their firms in foreign markets. They do so through a variety of instruments of foreign policy. This excellent Research Handbook brings together an outstanding set of contributions that provide a comprehensive overview of the instruments of economic diplomacy, as well as evidence and tools that can be used to assess their effectiveness. It should be required reading for foreign policy practitioners, trade promotion organizations, students of international business and scholars working on commercial policy.’ -- Bernard Hoekman, European University Institute, ItalyTable of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction to the Research Handbook on Economic Diplomacy Peter A.G. van Bergeijk and Selwyn J.V. Moons 2. (Economic) diplomacy: in need of a new paradigm? Gorazd Justinek 3. Business diplomacy: its role for sustainable value chains Désirée M. van Gorp 4. 25+ years of economic diplomacy research: how study design influences economic diplomacy coefficients Selwyn J.V. Moons 5. The use of case studies in economic diplomacy research Renata Cavalcanti Muniz PART I ECONOMIC DIPLOMATS 6. Trips and trade Volker Nitsch 7. The anatomy and the impact of export promotion agencies Marcio Cruz, Daniel Lederman and Laura Zoratto 8. Quantitative evidence on commercial diplomats’ time allocation on roles and activity areas Olivier Naray 9. Indonesian trade promotion Prahastuti Maharani 10. Embassies matter for trade, but diplomats matter most: evaluation of Dutch economic diplomacy in Latin America Phil Compernolle and Mark Vancauteren PART II IMPACTS, COSTS AND BENEFITS 11. Economic diplomacy and product characteristics Selwyn J.V. Moons and Remco de Boer 12. Passing export hurdles with a little help from my friends Arjan Lejour 13. Costs of Italian economic diplomacy: a comparative perspective Filippo Vergara Caffarelli and Giovanni Veronese 14. Social cost benefit analysis of trade missions Michiel de Nooij, Marcel van den Berg and Henri L.F. de Groot PART III POLITICS, TRADE AND SANCTIONS 15. Soft power, sanctions and exports: checking the BS in BDS Andrew K. Rose 16. Economic diplomacy and the liberal peace Syed Mansoob Murshed 17. Economic diplomacy in Iran: reorientation of trade to reduce vulnerability Sajjad F. Dizaji 18. China’s economic diplomacy and the politics-trade nexus Andreas Fuchs PART IV EMERGING MARKETS AND DEVELOPING COUNTRIES 19. Economic diplomacy: a developing country perspective Kishan S. Rana 20. Economic diplomacy in Africa: the impact of regional integration versus bilateral diplomacy on bilateral trade Sylvanus Kwaku Afesorgbor 21. Impact of hard and soft infrastructure: evidence from North Africa and CEECs Hugo Lapeyronie, Mathilde Maurel and Bogdan Meunier 22. China’s foreign aid: towards a new normal? Arjan de Haan and Ward Warmerdam 23. The future of economic diplomacy research Peter A.G. van Bergeijk, Sewlyn J.V. Moons and Christian Volpe Martincus Index

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Book Synopsis'In a period marked by nationalism and populism, the relevance of the roles played by parliaments is sometimes underestimated and rather deserves greater attention. The book edited by Raube, Wouters and Muftuler-Bac gathers a group of leading scholars in the field of parliamentary studies and contributes to bridge a gap in a very sensitive policy field, that is to say the external relations of the European Union. A wide list of approaches and theoretical and empirical investigations demonstrates that, despite the dominant influence of the executive branches of government, not only networking of parliaments has enlarged, but also traditional and innovative roles, i.e. control and conflict mediation, have been amplifled and diversified. Therefore, parliaments are far from being put aside.'- Daniela Irrera, EuropeNow This insightful companion examines the role of parliaments in the external relations of the EU, a relatively under-explored topic of research in an increasingly complex international relations environment. In fact, this volume challenges the dominant perspective, demonstrating the increased networking of parliaments both within the EU and with external actors, shedding light on the growing role of parliamentary scrutiny, control and conflict mediation. Providing a comparative overview of parliamentary action in EU external relations, this book considers both the conceptual basis of these actions and examines key case studies for empirical analysis. It situates the EU's internal and external dimension of parliamentary cooperation in a wider context, engaging in a debate that goes beyond the EU into relationships with neighbouring regions as well as parliamentary institutions from other areas of the globe. Advanced students and researchers of EU external relations and global governance will greatly benefit from reading this timely book. At the same time, international relations and political science scholars will also appreciate this thorough and comprehensive volume.Contributors include: M.A. Afke Groen, M.A.H.K. Belley, K. Biedenkopf, T. Christiansen, A. Cianciara, I. Cooper, R. Cutler, M.A.F. De Vrieze, S. Delputte, I. Demirsu, M.A.D. Fonck, J.E. Fossum, D. Fromage, M. Gianniou, M. Góra, M.A.C. Glahn, S. Gürkan, D. Jan i , T. Lenz, C. Lord, M. Müftüler-Baç, G.G. Müller, X. Nuttin, L. Oehman, D. Peters, M.A.I. Petrova, K. Raube, L. Redei, G. Rosén, Z. Selden, M.A. Shaohua Yan, S. Stavridis, A. von Lingen, W. Wagner, J. Wódka, J. WoutersTrade Review'If you believe that external relations constitutes the next frontier of democratic assertion in the EU; if you are a sceptic and ask what difference can parliaments at all levels make to the EU's external policy; if you are intrigued by the connection between transnational parliamentary cooperation within Europe and democratisation outside Europe; if you want to explore the many motivations, opportunities and paths for such developments under the Lisbon Treaty, and to do so in many disciplinary languages, this book is for you. An essential guide indeed.' --Kalypso Nicolaidis, University of Oxford, UK'This volume provides a comprehensive and detailed analysis of the role of parliaments in EU external relations, one of the most topical issues in parliamentary studies and international relations today. Overall the chapters offer normatively and empirically well-informed contributions on parliamentary cooperation and diplomacy in a variety of international and regional settings and policy areas vis-à-vis the EU. The book is a must-read for scholars and professionals working at the intersection between EU law, international law, constitutional law and political science.' --Cristina Fasone, LUISS Guido Carli, Rome, Italy'An impressive collection of chapters, gathering authors from all over Europe and beyond. All of them offer different perspectives on a phenomenon that has significantly developed during the last 30 years. The many ways through which parliaments have become one of the main actors of EU external relations and have established inter-parliamentary networks are carefully analysed and critically discussed according to both legal and political science approaches.' --Nicola Lupo, LUISS University, ItalyTable of ContentsContents: Introduction: A world of parliamentary relations? Parliamentary cooperation and diplomacy in EU external relations Kolja Raube, Jan Wouters and Meltem Müftüler-Baç PART I PARLIAMENTARY COOPERATION AND DIPLOMACY IN EU EXTERNAL RELATIONS: CONCEPTIONS AND THEORETICAL APPROACHES 1. Off or on field? – The multilevel parliamentary field of EU external relations John Erik Fossum and Guri Rosén 2. Inter-parliamentary cooperation in the European Union: Towards institutionalization? Thomas Christiansen and Afke Groen 3. Bringing transnationalism (once again) back in: Insights for the parliamentary dimension of European foreign policy Daan Fonck and Kolja Raube 4. EU entrepreneurship, norm diffusion and the parliamentarization of regional economic organizations Tobias Lenz 5. Rationales of inter-parliamentary cooperation in European security politics: From the Inter-Parliamentary Union to the IPC-CFSP Wolfgang Wagner PART II INTER-PARLIAMENTARY COOPERATION AND DIPLOMACY ARENAS IN EU EXTERNAL RELATIONS 6. How can inter-parliamentary cooperation contribute to the legitimacy of the EU as an international actor? Christopher Lord 7. Emerging interregional parliamentarism: The case of the Baltic Assembly Robert M. Cutler and Alexander von Lingen 8. The inter-parliamentary conferences of the European Union: Discussion forums or oversight bodies? Ian Cooper 9. Actor, network, symbol: The Inter-parliamentary Conference on CFSP/CSDP Dirk Peters 10. The European Parliament in inter-parliamentary cooperation and diplomacy Diane Fromage 11. The parliamentary dimension of the EU rotating presidency: Bringing back national concerns through the “backdoor”? Stelios Stavridis and Maria Gianniou 12. The NATO Parliamentary Assembly in parliamentary diplomacy Zachary Selden and Linda Oehman PART III INTER-PARLIAMENTARY COOPERATION AND DIPLOMACY IN THE EU’s NEIGHBOURHOOD 13. The Role of the European Parliament in the Enlargement Process: Insights from Inter-Parliamentary Relations with Turkey Seda Gürkan 14. External Europeanization through parliamentary cooperation: The EU-Ukraine Parliamentary Association Committee and EU-Turkey Joint Parliamentary Committee in comparative perspective Jakub Wódka and Agnieszka Cianciara 15. The Turkish-EU Cooperation on the Refugee Crisis: The Turkish Perceptions in the Parliamentary Debates Ipek Demirsu and Meltem Müftüler-Baç 16. The European Parliament as a ‘normative actor’ in inter-parliamentary cooperation? Cosima Glahn 17. The European Parliament as an agenda setter of EU policy toward its neighbourhood Magdalena Góra 18. Servants or rivals? Uncovering the drivers and logics of the European Parliament’s diplomacy during the Ukrainian crisis Daan Fonck PART IV MULTILATERAL PARLIAMENTARY COOPERATION AND DIPLOMACY IN EU EXTERNAL RELATIONS AND BEYOND 19. The Euro-Latin America Parliamentary Assembly (EuroLat): Constructing a common bi-regional agenda Gustavo G. Müller 20. Cooperation between the European Parliament and the Parliament of Mercosur: Strategic partnership towards effective interregionalism and effective multilateralism Ana María Moure 21. Asia and the EU: How to add a regional dimension to the parliamentary relationship Xavier Nuttin 22. Parliamentary deliberation in inter-regional relations: Insights from the ACP-EU JPA Sarah Delputte and Yentyl Wiliiams 23. Parliamentary cooperation within the Economic Community of West African States Harrison Kofi Belley 24. Assessing the institutional capability of international parliamentary institutions and parliamentary networks in the Western Balkans and South East Europe Franklin De Vrieze 25. Inter-parliamentary cooperation in post-Soviet space: Exploring blind spots of regional dynamics Irina Petrova PART V PARLIAMENTARY DIPLOMACY ISSUE AREAS: TRADE, ENVIRONMENT AND INTERNATIONAL CONFLICT 26. The European Parliament in EU trade relations with China: A norm and policy advocate? Shaohua Yan 27. The European Parliament and International Climate Negotiations Katja Biedenkopf 28. EU-Canada Relations and CETA: A Tale of Legislative Trade Diplomacy Davor Jančić 29. MEPs as Mediators: An Emerging Trend of Parliamentary Diplomacy? Lorinc Redei 30. Inter-parliamentary cooperation and parliamentary diplomatic activities in an unorderly word: Concluding remarks Kolja Raube, Meltem Müftüler-Baç and Jan Wouters Index

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Book SynopsisThe first of its kind, this book critically and systematically addresses questions about China?'s high-speed rail diplomacy and ?'one belt, one road?' initiative. Gerald Chan argues that ?'geo-developmentalism?' is currently being formed in China, and explores its international impact.Understanding China?'s New Diplomacy offers an in-depth examination of how China has risen so quickly to become a high-speed rail superpower, and how this has impacted positively and negatively on other countries, particularly its neighbours in Asia. Chan also highlights the challenges the initiative poses to the state, particularly in balancing these projects to maintain China?'s status as both a land and maritime power. By reviewing the country?'s unique style of state capitalism and its success of absorbing foreign train technology, new developmental methods exclusive to China are revealed. Government officials, foreign policy makers and students with a keen desire to discover more about Chinese foreign policy and international relations would greatly benefit from the expert insight into China?'s geopolitical future.Trade Review'This is an excellent much needed book.' --Kingsley E. Haynes, George Mason University, US'Professor Gerald Chan is a perceptive and thorough scholar, with a highly inventive mind. In this book he brilliantly analyzes China's high-speed railway system and the Belt and Road Initiative, likely to transform all kinds of interactions across the great Eurasian Continent in coming decades. Professor Chan's sober and insightful analysis will also serve as a basis for future research.' --Colin Mackerras, Griffith University, Australia'This is a timely but very original contribution to the field of international political economy and development studies and the study of China's relations with the world. Professor Chan takes the case of the rapid development and internationalization of China's high-speed rail industry to show how Chinese industrial development is organized in the context of the evolving world political economic structure. Theoretically sharp, empirically rich, and policy implications far-reaching.' --Xiaoming Huang, Victoria University of Wellington, New ZealandTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction 2. The New Silk Road 3. China’s high-speed rail diplomacy 4. Explaining China’s high-speed rail ‘miracle’ 5. Financing infrastructure projects 6. Assessing Asian responses to ‘one belt, one road’ 7. Theorising ‘one belt, one road’ 8. Conclusion Index

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Book SynopsisOver three-quarters of a century, the UN has been impacted by major changes in the balance of powers among its member states. This unique and insightful book offers detailed commentary on its historic effectiveness and reviews the capacity of the UN to reform and adapt to global challenges. This book constitutes a judgement on the overwhelming importance as well as the vulnerability of multilateralism at a time when the UN has never been more indispensable This book describes: How autocracy in the US, China and Russia constrains the UN Why North-South politics has been a constant feature of intergovernmental debate How the UN development system became an extended patronage system What the UN learnt from its peacekeeping failures, and how it continues to adapt Four areas of needed and feasible reform to restore UN credibility. This impressive book will be vital to the staff of permanent missions of member governments to the UN, as well as UN secretariat staff. It will also benefit researchers exploring international organizations and the staff of development NGOs, as well as a broader audience of those interested in UN and global politics.Trade Review'Stephen Browne, himself a veteran who toiled in the UN trenches, has written an important account of the struggles within the UN to change and reinvent itself.' --Lord Mark Malloch Brown, Former UN Deputy Secretary-General'Stephen Browne has analyzed why the UN is so necessary yet such a relic. ''Reform'' has been under way since the ink dried on the Charter, yet the results are demonstrably inadequate for the problems of the second decade of the twenty-first century. Remarkable for its breadth and depth, this book could not be more timely, a compelling read for practitioners and scholars.' --Thomas G. Weiss, The CUNY Graduate Center, USTable of ContentsContents: Acknowledgements Foreword Introduction: What’s Wrong with the UN? 1. The Growing UN Edifice 2. Peace Operations: prevention better than cure 3. Human Rights and Justice: from back to front 4. The Humanitarian Record 5. The UN in Development 6. Reviving the UN through Achievable Reform Index

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Book SynopsisThere is a deep and multifaceted relationship between international law and history - political events have legal implications, and international norms and institutions may influence the course of history. This incisive book unveils and illuminates this nexus, providing examples from a wide range of domains of global governance. Analysing this intertwined relationship with particular reference to international human rights, humanitarian and criminal law, this timely book features contributions from leading scholars and practitioners in international law, history and diplomacy. History and International Law, with a foreword by ICJ Judge Giorgio Gaja, covers topics ranging from the connections between current and historical events and human rights protection in the EU, to the ways in which ICC investigations and prosecutions continue to affect political developments in Africa. The authors offer examples of original analysis, establishing innovative paradigms of interdisciplinary research in the field. International lawyers and academics will find this book both useful and insightful. It will also prove valuable to scholars and students of the history of international law, diplomacy and international relations. Contributors include: O. Bekou, G. Ben-Nun, A. Ciampi, E. de Wet, S. Douglas-Scott, R.E. Fife, K. Ristic, S. Troebst Trade Review'This book, edited by Annalisa Ciampi, aptly recalls the centrality of historicization in international legal thought and practice. The chapters in this volume, each in its particular and refreshing way, simultaneously demonstrate the impossibility for international lawyers to refrain from an explicit engagement with history. A welcome publication.' --Jean d'Aspremont, Sciences Po Law School, France and University of Manchester, UKTable of ContentsContents: Forward Giorgio Gaja Part I History AND INTERNATIONAL LAW: an INTRODUCTION 1. Creative Forces and Institution Building in International Law Rolf Einar Fife 2. Eastern Europe’s Imprint on Modern International Law Stefan Troebst Part II History AND INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS LAW 3. History, Isolation and Effectiveness of International Human Rights Law Annalisa Ciampi 4. EU Human Rights Law and History: A Tale of Three Narratives Sionaidh Douglas-Scott Part III History, International Humanitarian LAW AND INTERNATIONAL Criminal Law 5. ‘Treaty after Trauma’: ‘Protection for All’ in the Fourth Geneva Convention Gilad Ben-Nun 6. History and Core International Crimes: Friends or Foes? Olympia Bekou 7. ‘Imaginary Trials’: The Legacy of the ICTY in Croatia, Bosnia and Serbia Katarina Ristic 8. The Rise and Demise of the ICC Relationship with African States and the AU Erika de Wet, Gilad Ben-Nun, Olympia Bekou, Annalisa Ciampi, Sionaidh Douglas-Scott, Rolf Einar Fife, Katarina Ristic, Stefan Troebst, Erika de Wet Index

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Book SynopsisThis handbook is for journalists, researchers and policy makers that are interested in working on science communication for water peace and cooperation and that are searching for ideas and inspiration. It features descriptions and reflections of the activities (action research, training modules, joint workshops, reporting grants, podcast, online photo campaign...) implemented by Open Water Diplomacy project in the Nile basin, and in the new international basins identified under the top-up activities on capacity development, as well as activities in the field of media and water diplomacy implemented by other actors. It will be an online open access repository of case studies and best practices in the field of journalism and science communication for water peace and cooperation.

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Book SynopsisThe Peoples Republic of China (PRC) diplomatic engagement with the Middle East spans multiple dimensions, including trade and investment, the energy sector, and military cooperation. Connecting China through the Suez Canal to the Mediterranean and Europe, the Middle East is a unique geostrategic location for Beijing, a critical source of energy resources, and an area of expanding economic ties. The Middle East geographical and political area is subject to different country inclusion interpretations that have changed over time and reflect complex and multifaceted circumstances involving conflict, religion, ethnicity, and language. China considers most Arab League member countries (as well as Israel, Turkey, and Iran) as representing the Middle East. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs and official Chinese publications refer to this region as Xiya beifei (West Asia and North Africa). China sees the Middle East as an intrinsic part of its Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), and has ramped up investment in the region accordingly, focusing on energy (including nuclear power), infrastructure construction, agriculture, and finance. This book uses the BRI as a framework for analyzing ChinaMiddle East relations, with special emphasis on the PRCs strategic partnerships via regional mutual interdependency in various sectors such as energy, infrastructure building, political ties, trade and investment, financial integration, people to people bonding, and defense. A stable Middle East region is vital for Chinas sustainable growth and continued prosperity. As the worlds largest oil consumer with an ambition to expand its economic and political influence, the Middle Easts geostrategic location and holder of most of the worlds known energy resources make it indispensable to the success of the Belt and Road Initiative.

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Book SynopsisThis innovative book examines the maritime component of China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), focusing on three key trade routes and addressing the question of how China protects its overseas assets. Gerald Chan explores China's rising maritime power, using geo-developmentalism as a theoretical framework to analyse the country's development of port facilities and infrastructure along important trade routes. Through developing these sea routes, he argues that a new global order is in the making. The book also offers an in-depth and balanced review of two major criticisms of China's BRI: the first being so-called 'debt trap diplomacy', and the second being security concerns surrounding China's IT industry, the resolution of which Chan suggests will pave the way towards developing a 'digital Silk Road'. Following on from Chan's previous work on high-speed rail and other land networks, this book offers a comprehensive and up-to-date account on infrastructure building in this context. It will prove a stimulating read for scholars and students of Chinese foreign policy and international relations, as well as policy makers, government officials and businesses seeking to better understand China's foreign trade and development policies.Trade Review'This new book by Professor Gerald Chan provides some fascinating perspectives in response to the current tense debate on China's role in global development. It also challenges many pessimistic views on the fate of globalization. This book should be interesting to anyone who is keen to develop a deeper understanding of the impact of China's rise on our future global order.' --Mingjiang Li, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore'Expanding on the concept of geo-developmentalism from his previous volume - Understanding China's New Diplomacy - Professor Gerald Chan casts a keen eye over the complex linkages of multiple arenas and issue areas, as well as the actions and reactions of state and non-state actors in the expanding Chinese Maritime Silk Road. Accessible, timely, and comprehensive, China's Maritime Silk Road provides a compelling primer for anyone seeking an overall strategic guide to China's recent impact on the global order.' --Kun-Chin Lin, University of Cambridge, UK'Professor Gerald Chan provides a penetrating and comprehensive analysis of China's Maritime Silk Road through an analytical framework of geo-developmentalism. This is a must-read for anyone interested in understanding China's Belt and Road Initiative, China's maritime strategy, and China's interaction with global order more broadly.' --Xiaoyu Pu, University of Nevada, USTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1 Introduction 2 Whither the maritime Silk Road? 3 Geo-developmentalism: a new framework for analysis 4 Journey to the west: Europe and Africa through the Indian Ocean 5 Path to the south: Oceania and the South Pacific through Southeast Asia 6 Venture to the north: Europe and North America through the ‘Polar Silk Road 7 How does China protect its maritime Silk Road? 8 Conclusion Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisThis timely Research Handbook examines the dynamic and interdependent relationship between law and diplomacy in the contemporary international system. Through accounts of the actual practice of international law and diplomacy, it provides insights into how international law and relations operate and examines the complex relationship.An impressive selection of contributors provides analyses of bilateral and multilateral diplomacy in international law making, interpretation, and adjudication. These accounts include examinations of legal diplomacy, reforms within international organisations, judicial diplomacy, and the role of non-state actors – including NGOs and corporations – in the international system. Chapters consist of case studies of treaty negotiations, multilateral legal reform, and the resolution of disputes under formal and informal international legal mechanisms. This Handbook also assesses the relative roles of lawyers, diplomats and lawyer-diplomats within the international system, and the ethical framework for their professional conduct.This Handbook will be helpful to advanced undergraduate, graduate, and law students, as well as researchers, practitioners, and policy makers interested in multilateralism, diplomacy, international law, international organisations, civil society, and the ethics of law and diplomacy.Trade Review‘A distinguished roster of scholars and diplomats tells the story of how law and diplomacy lace together to create contemporary international affairs. This book is the ideal place to see behind the scenes where professionals in foreign offices, international institutions, and academia draw together legal and diplomatic resources. It is an exemplary collection for scholars of international law and politics.’ -- Ian Hurd, Northwestern University, USTable of ContentsContents: Preface xiv 1 The interdependence of law and diplomacy: introduction to the Research Handbook on Law and Diplomacy 1 Margaret E. McGuinness and David P. Stewart PART I HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES AND CASE STUDIES IN LAW AND DIPLOMACY 2 Law, diplomacy and German unification 23 Jeremy Hill and Michael Wood 3 Law and diplomacy in the compulsory conciliation between Australia and Timor-Leste 41 Katrina Cooper 4 Lawyering and the use of force in Libya and Syria operations 61 Mary B. DeRosa PART II LAW, DIPLOMACY, AND INTERNATIONAL DISPUTE RESOLUTION 5 At the intersection of diplomacy and international law: the ISDS reform process 84 Chiara Giorgetti 6 Disequilibrium in the multilateral trading system and the (necessary) return of diplomacy 103 Robert McDougall PART III LAW AND DIPLOMACY AT INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS 7 The IMF and the evolution of international monetary and financial law 123 Sean Hagan 8 Law and diplomacy at the World Health Organization 138 Steven A. Solomon and Kenneth Piercy PART IV LAW, DIPLOMACY, AND CIVIL SOCIETY 9 Judicial diplomacy and the global community of law: the federal judiciary advancing the rule of law abroad 156 The Honorable Sidney H. Stein and Omar Badawi 10 Diplomacy of legal reform at the OAS 174 Luis Humberto Toro Utillano 11 Non-governmental organizations as international law’s diplomats 192 Elizabeth Andersen PART V LAW AND MULTILATERAL DIPLOMACY: GLOBAL CHALLENGES 12 Environmental diplomacy: “the elements” 209 Makane Moïse Mbengue and Elena Cima 13 Space law and diplomacy 227 Christopher J. Borgen 14 Law and diplomacy in the business and human rights treaty negotiations 248 Humberto Cantú Rivera and Danielle Anne Pamplona PART VI DIPLOMACY AND INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS LAW 15 Diplomacy and compliance at the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights 263 Joel Hernández 16 Human rights treaty bodies: law, diplomacy, either or neither 282 Bakhtiyar Tuzmukhamedov PART VII LAWYERS, DIPLOMATS, AND ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS 17 Lawyer or diplomat? 300 Miguel de Serpa Soares 18 Legal advisers’ professional duties in the diplomatic context 320 Harry Aitken 19 Law as power: advising the state and the practice of diplomacy 340 Mohamed Helal Index 358

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Book SynopsisThis timely Research Handbook investigates the radically transformative impact of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), addressing key questions regarding its economic, political and strategic consequences: What does the Chinese government hope to achieve with the BRI? How have recipient states responded? And what are its potential opportunities and risks?Bringing together prominent international scholars and analysts, this Research Handbook arrives at a critical time in the infrastructural development of the BRI, shedding light on its influence in the future of global politics and economics. Chapters unpack the role of the BRI in Chinese foreign policy, placing infrastructural development at the centre of regional affairs, great power dynamics and economic and investment trends. Employing geopolitical and diplomatic modes of investigation, it offers critical and holistic views of the progress and challenges of the BRI’s implementation and its implications on the world stage.Providing an innovative global viewpoint on the BRI, this Research Handbook offers cutting-edge perspectives for scholars and students of political science, particularly those investigating the latest developments in Chinese domestic and foreign policy. Its practical insights and broad empirical analysis will also benefit policymakers and think tank analysts working in the field.Huiyao Wang, Center for China and Globalization (CCG)Trade Review‘The book offers a timely series of studies on the BRI edited by three Singapore-based political scientists. The collection presents a solid read for students, scholars, policymakers, and other professionals interested in recent developments concerning the BRI. Practically, the editors aim to raise the Chinese government’s attention to the significance of adapting to multilateralism, which China has claimed it supports. Theoretically, through the lens of the BRI, the book explores the implications of a rising China on global governance across diverse fields. Finally, and specifically for geographers, the book should inspire greater exploration into the spatiality of BRI projects.’ -- Xiaofeng Liu, Eurasian Geography and Economics‘In this Research Handbook, the researchers shed an analytical light on both the thematic and functional aspects of the BRI through exhaustive interdisciplinary quantitative and qualitative analysis. Meanwhile, the diverse nationalities represented among the contributors also enable the book to look at the BRI from the perspective of both China and host countries, highlighting the strong repercussions in policymaking among the states along the route as well as the impact on both domestic and international spheres.’ -- Founder and President of the Center for China and Globalization (CCG)Table of ContentsContents: Preface and acknowledgements xix Introduction to the Research Handbook on the Belt and Road Initiative xx Joseph Chinyong Liow, Hong Liu and Gong Xue PART I CONCEPTUAL AND THEMATIC ISSUES 1 China and the Maritime Silk Road: from passive to active participant 2 John N. Miksic 2 The domestic politics of the Belt and Road Initiative and its implications 14 Baogang He 3 China’s railway diplomacy under the Belt and Road Initiative 28 Shang-su Wu 4 The Belt and Road Initiative’s evolving security dimension 43 Alessandro Arduino 5 Looking into energy security through the lens of the Belt and Road Initiative: can China achieve a more secure energy future? 54 Lixia Yao 6 China’s global quest for food and the Belt and Road Initiative 65 Hongzhou Zhang 7 BRI and global development praxis: is a paradigm shift eminent? 76 Ana Cristina D. Alves 8 The Digital Silk Road: understanding China’s technological rise and the implications for global governance 88 Clayton T. Cheney 9 The strategic rationale of China’s Belt and Road Initiative 102 Joseph Chinyong Liow 10 The Belt and Road Initiative as a diplomatic discourse 114 Dylan M.H. Loh PART II THE MARITIME DOMAIN 11 Soaring Garuda meets rising dragon: the political economy of the Belt and Road Initiative in Indonesia 123 Guanie Lim and Hong Liu 12 Explaining the Belt and Road in the Philippines: elite consolidation, construction contracts, and online gambling capital 137 Alvin Camba, Jerik Cruz, Janica Magat and Angela Tritto 13 Malaysia and the Belt and Road Initiative: maritime, rail, and digital connectivity 150 Chow-Bing Ngeow 14 China’s first cross-border high-speed railway project and Laos’s relational power 161 Gabriele Giovannini 15 Cambodian perspective on the Belt and Road Initiative 175 Vannarith Chheang and Pheakdey Heng 16 Belt and Road Initiative in Myanmar: adapting to the slippery road 190 Gong Xue 17 The BRI in the new normal of COVID-19: the case of Thailand 202 Zhimin Tang and Orrasa Rattana-amornpirom 18 Singapore in China’s Belt and Road Initiative 214 Sarah Y. Tong and Tuan Yuen Kong 19 Pakistan and the BRI: is there a shift from euphoria to pragmatism? 227 Khuram Iqbal 20 China, Sri Lanka and the BRI 239 Chulanee Attanayake and Yuanzhe Ren PART III THE OVERLAND BELT 21 China’s Belt and Road in the Pacific: implementation, motives and prospects 253 Denghua Zhang 22 Russia and the overland Belt and Road 264 Ekaterina Koldunova 23 Poland’s relation to the Belt and Road Initiative: political, economic, infrastructural, and socio-cultural dimensions 274 Patrycja Pendrakowska 24 BRI in Kazakhstan: pursuing economic partnership amidst rising concerns 286 Bhavna Dave 25 Uzbekistan and Central Asia in space–time coordinates of the modern Silk Road 299 Farkhod Tolipov 26 Tajikistan: China’s security gatekeeper in Central Asia 311 Yau Tsz Yan 27 China’s engagements with Central and Eastern Europe: costs and benefits in the era of the Belt and Road Initiative 322 Alica Kizeková 28 China in Nepal: on the politics of the Belt and Road Initiative development in South Asia 331 Galen Murton and Nadine Plachta 29 Southeast Europe in current Chinese foreign economic policy 341 Jens Bastian PART IV THE OVERLAND BELT 30 The BRI in Africa: change or continuity in China–Africa relations? 353 Linda Calabrese 31 China and the Middle East: venturing into the maelstrom 368 James M. Dorsey 32 Western Europe in the BRI 378 Jing Men 33 The Indo-Pacific as pushback against the BRI 390 Kaewkamol Pitakdumrongkit 34 ‘Not being absent’: China’s Polar Silk Road and the politics of identity 402 Marc Lanteigne 35 The BRI: fuelling strategic rivalry between China and the United States 414 Mingjiang Li 36 India, BRI and the emerging post-Galwan China outlook 424 Jagannath Panda 37 Conclusion: BRI, COVID-19 and the future 437 Joseph Chinyong Liow, Hong Liu and Gong Xue Index

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Book SynopsisThis book explores China’s policy towards the European Union, using the case study of four member states from Central Europe: Poland, the Czech Republic, Hungary and Slovakia. Gabriela Pleschová documents China’s strategic approach to engaging with these countries bilaterally and multilaterally, through intensified diplomatic and soft-power campaigns, upgrading them to strategic partners, offering loans and promising investments. China in Central Europe outlines how this particular approach has proven to be ineffective. Despite the allocation of significant resources to the development of relations with Central Europe, Pleschová argues that there is limited enthusiasm for China outside of a narrow circle of policy makers and business people who profit from engagement with China. Instead, Chinese influence has stirred criticism and created tensions among other groups, such as between Czech politicians and the local expert community on China, or among Hungarian citizens distrustful of their own government. Pleschová further argues that China has not impacted how Central Europe’s representatives vote in the European Parliament and that support from some elites in Central Europe does not translate into wider backing for China in the EU. China can influence Central European countries’ policy to some extent; however, if a fundamental issue arises, countries harden their position towards Beijing. Utilizing social science concepts to explain the puzzles from China–Central Europe relations, this book will be a valuable resource for scholars and students of international relations, Chinese studies, EU politics, and international law, as well as political and social scientists more generally. It will also be useful for professionals engaged in foreign policy decision-making.Trade Review‘China in Central Europe is an important addition to the growing literature on relations between China and Europe. This book fills a gap by offering systematic analysis of a number of issues around China’s approach to Central and Eastern Europe, a topic which has received more attention from policy makers over recent years. Pleschová’s findings, which highlight the difficulties the Chinese government has had in pursuing its agenda, deserve a wide consideration by policy makers and scholars alike.’ -- Tim Summers, The Chinese University of Hong Kong'In her pioneering research Gabriela Pleschová investigates a complex relationship between China and Central Europe. She describes how Hungarians and other nations in Central Europe increasingly feel mistrust and fear from the collaboration with the Chinese Communist government, in part due to concerns about the authoritarian tendencies of their own regimes. Tensions between the groups that advocate profit and value-based policy (a defining feature of post-communist societies) are analyzed in this fascinating book.' -- András Bozóki, Central European University, Vienna, AustriaTable of ContentsContents: 1. China’s approach to Central Europe: Why China chose to target the four Central European states 2. China’s unconvincing soft power campaign in Central Europe 3. Identifying with someone other than the West: Hungarians’ belonging and Orbán’s unique China policy 4. Influencing Central European states through strategic partnerships: The case of Poland 5. Scholars’ distrust of China: The influence of academics on the Czech Republic’s China policy 6. Significant conversations on Slovakia’s cybersecurity: China, Huawei and the struggle for the country’s political orientation 7. China’s attempts to impact EU decision making through Central Europe: The case of the EU’s refusal to grant China Market Economy Status Eszter Simon and Gabriela Pleschová 8. China’s relations with the Visegrad Four in a broader context Index

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Book SynopsisCurrent conceptions of mediation can often fail to capture the complexity and intricacy of modern conflicts. This Research Handbook addresses this problem by presenting the leading expert opinions on international mediation, examining how international mediation practices, mechanisms and institutions should adapt to the changing characteristics of contemporary international crises. Chapters consider the challenges facing the international community when aiming to achieve lasting resolutions in intrastate and interstate conflicts during acute periods of crisis and potential or actual violence escalation. The authors also provide much-needed context for 'gray zone conflict', the actions of non-state actors, gender dynamics and biases that hinder mediation. The ever-expanding role of mediation means authors also cover human security, climate diplomacy and cyber disputes. Using extensive analysis of salient cases as well as quantitative studies of aggregate trends, this Research Handbook is the vital reference work for mediation in contemporary international politics. The concluding chapter explores the overarching themes and key policy recommendations from the leading voices in mediation. An essential reference for postgraduate researchers of international politics, this Research Handbook provides both quantitative and qualitative analysis to further case knowledge for research. In addition, the case studies and concluding chapter will be a much-needed resource for policymakers and practitioners in defence policy and peace advocacy due to their emphasis on lessons learned and best practice.Contributors include: P. Aall, Z. Bakaki, J.A. Bangerter, M. Barrett, K. Beardsley, D. Belo, T. Böhmelt, A. Boutellis, M. Brecher, D. Carment, A.B. Çelik, K. Christie, C.A. Crocker, D.E. Cunningham, K. DeRouen Jr., P.F. Diehl, Y. Duman, S.S. Gartner, M. Gelfand, S. Gent, Z. Goncz, J.M. Greig, F.O. Hampson, E. Hoffman, P.T. Hopmann, L. Hultman, L. Kemp, R.C. Maness, M.M. Melin, E.J. Menninga, M. Nikolko, P. Olander, A.P. Owsiak, D. Quinn, L. Reid, M. Sarver, N. Schreffler, J.A. Stevenson, I. Svensson, B. Valeriano, S. Vukovic, P.B. White, J. Wilkenfeld, M.-J. Zahar, I.W. ZartmanTrade Review'This is a superb collection of articles on mediating international crises, one of the best I have seen. It is thematic, with insightful, well-informed contributions from accomplished scholars and experts, which, importantly, consider critical changes in the characteristics of the international system. It includes rich policy-relevant recommendations, especially in the concluding chapter. Highly recommended for scholars and practitioners alike.' --Shibley Telhami, University of Maryland, College Park and the Brookings Institution, US'Given the sterling list of contributors, the reader is likely to have high expectations of this book - and s/he will not be disappointed! It ranges over all the key aspects of mediation and covers them well by theory, large-N empirical analysis, and case studies.' --Nils Petter Gleditsch, Peace Research Institute Oslo (PRIO), NorwayTable of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction to Mediating International Crises Jonathan Wilkenfeld, Kyle Beardsley, and David Quinn Part I Contemporary Issues in Mediating International Crises 2. International Crises Jonathan Wilkenfeld and Michael Brecher 3. Mediating Complex Crises Kyle Beardsley, David Quinn, and Jonathan Wilkenfeld 4. Preaching What We Practice: Defining Gray Zone Challenges for Policymakers and Academics John A. Stevenson 5. Mediation in the Emerging International Environment: From Hierarchy to Improvisation Chester A. Crocker, Fen Osler Hampson and Pamela Aall Part II Mediating Interstate Crises 6. Mediation and Its Compatibility with Other Conflict Management Approaches J. Michael Greig, Andrew P. Owsiak, and Paul F. Diehl 7. Cultural Ties Across Crises: The Diffusion of Mediation from Crisis to Crisis Tobias Böhmelt and Zorzeta Bakaki 8. Supply Side Incentives for Mediation: Which Actors Mediate International Crises and Why? Molly M. Melin and Paul Olander 9. Satisficing in International Mediation: Framing, Justifying and Creating Outcomes in Peacemaking Siniša Vuković and P. Terrence Hopmann 10. Gray Zone Mediation in the Ukraine Crisis: Comparing Crimea and Donbas David Carment Milana Nikolko and Dani Belo Part III Mediating Intrastate Crises 11. The Lengths and Limits of Mediation in Intrastate Crises I. William Zartman 12. Mediation Across Different Types of Conflict Karl DeRouen Jr. and Matthew Barrett 13. The United Nations Security Council and Conflict Prevention in Self-Determination Disputes Peter White, David Cunningham, and Kyle Beardsley 14. Reputation, Experience, and Crisis Mediation Stephen E. Gent 15. Mediator Identity in Intrastate African Crises Roudabeh Kishi, David Quinn, Jonathan Wilkenfeld, and Michele Gelfand 16. Multiparty Mediation in Civil War Elizabeth J. Menninga 17. Mediation, Leverage, and the Crafting of Civil War Peace Agreements Lindsay Reid 18. Managing the Crises at Home: The Role of Suu Kyi’s Mediation Efforts in Myanmar Evan Hoffman and Kenneth Christie 19. The Challenges of Mediation in Gray Zones: The Case of Mali Marie- Joëlle Zahar and J. Arthur Boutellis Part IV Emerging Norms and the Expanding Role of Mediation 20. An Experimental Study of the Role of Gender in Selecting Third-Party Mediators in Crisis Resolution Scott S. Gartner, John Bangerter, Zackary Goncz, Michelle Sarver, Natalie Schreffler 21. Mediation and the Prevention of Violence Against Civilians Lisa Hultman 22. A Human-Security Approach to the Syrian ‘Refugee Crisis’ in Turkey: Assessing Third-Party Efforts Yasin Duman and Ayşe Betül Çelik 23. Biased Mediation Isak Svensson 24. Mediation Without Measures: Conflict Resolution in Climate Diplomacy Luke Kemp 25. The Dynamics of Cyber Dispute Mediation and Resolution Brandon Valeriano and Ryan C. Maness 26. Policy Recommendations David Quinn, Kyle Beardsley, and Jonathan Wilkenfeld References Index

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Book SynopsisThis insightful and timely book considers the role of great-power competition in what has come to be known as gray zone conflict. Based on cutting-edge empirical research, it addresses the question: how can interactions between adversaries in international crises be managed in ways which avoid dangerous escalation?Drawing together diverse perspectives, an interdisciplinary team of academics and policy analysts take a data-driven approach to analyzing international crises over the past 100 years. Taking the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine as a backdrop for critical evaluation, chapters examine US and NATO approaches to the management of escalation in asymmetric conflicts. Ultimately, the book identifies areas where classical deterrence theory is incompatible with the realities of the contemporary conflict environment, and proposes innovative tools for managing crises in the future. Providing historical overviews of escalation management in international crises, this comprehensive book is essential reading for students and scholars of international politics, international relations, terrorism and security, and foreign policy, particularly those studying Chinese, Russian and US strategic decision making. It will also be beneficial to policy analysts, military leaders, and journalists focusing on contemporary international issues.Trade Review‘As great power competition moves into a gray zone between peace and war, this impressive team of experts provides state-of-the-art analysis and decision-making tools on how to prevent crisis escalation in this new era. A must-read for scholars and practitioners of international security and indeed for a public concerned with contemporary trends.’ -- Etel Solingen, University of California, Irvine, US‘Finally, we have a comprehensive assessment of escalation management in today's crises. In this ambitious volume, the contributors expose how prior understandings of deterrence and escalation by scholars and practitioners alike have proven inadequate to explain the realities of contemporary gray zone competition and proxy conflicts among the great powers. The authors excel in providing both diagnosis and prescription regarding threats to American security and influence. They do this through combining the strengths of different analytical approaches including quantitative examinations of 100-years of international crises, computational modeling, survey research, and simulations. Readers will gain a clear sense of the current state of the foreign policy toolkit available to manage tensions in places like Ukraine and the Taiwan Strait and how that toolkit needs to evolve going forward.’ -- Kyle Beardsley, Duke University, USTable of ContentsContents: Introduction: managing escalation in international crises 1 Jonathan Wilkenfeld and Egle E. Murauskaite 1 International crises and the gray zone: tracing crises through history 17 Egle E. Murauskaite 2 Gray zone: defining the space in between 30 Allison Astorino-Courtois 3 Conceptual framework for managing international crises, 1990–2020 52 Egle E. Murauskaite and Allison Astorino-Courtois 4 One hundred years of international crises, 1918–2018 78 Jonathan Wilkenfeld and David Quinn 5 Regime, power, state capacity, and the use of violence in gray zone international crises 110 Egle E. Murauskaite, David Quinn, Jonathan Wilkenfeld, Allison Astorino-Courtois, and Corinne S. DeFrancisci 6 Escalation management in gray zone crises: the proxy factor 143 Jonathan Wilkenfeld, Egle E. Murauskaite, David Quinn, Devin H. Ellis, Allison Astorino-Courtois, and Corinne S. DeFrancisci 7 Public opinion in the gray zone 174 Catarina P. Thomson 8 Modeling and analyzing gray zone scenarios for crises in the Aegean Sea and South China Sea 201 Alexander H. Levis 9 Exploring the role of U.S. information operations in gray zone crises 231 Devin H. Ellis 10 Toolkit for planners and operators in gray zone crisis environments 249 Robert J. Elder and Allison Astorino-Courtois Index 275

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Book SynopsisThis incisive book provides an unparalleled insight into the ways in which international human rights law functions in a real world context across cultural, religious and geopolitical divides. Written by a professor, former ambassador and international judge, the book demonstrates how power, diplomacy, tactics and processes operate within the human rights system from the perspective of a non-Western insider with more than three decades' experience in the field. Taking a comprehensive approach, chapters cover the treatment of human rights in all major cultures, religions, ideologies and global regions and assess the competence of all relevant international institutions. The book investigates the idea of human rights relativism and allegations of hypocrisy and double standards, as well as illuminating the diplomatic methods employed by nations wishing to evade human rights obligations. It also analyses the place of the law within the United Nations and regional human rights systems, along with compliance and enforcement mechanisms, and examines two emerging dimensions of human rights: in cyberspace and at sea. Students and scholars of human rights across the fields of law, politics and international relations will find this unique book invaluable. Its concise, accessible style will also make it useful reading for government officials, those working for NGOs and members of the public with an interest in human rights.Trade Review'The West has long dominated the development and enforcement of human rights law and the practice of human rights diplomacy. Kriangsak Kittichaisaree applies his deep and broad experience in the field to provide an eminently readable and essential piece of the global puzzle: an exposition of the history and present-day practice of human rights, as well as the challenges of tomorrow, from a wider perspective.' --Gabor Rona, Columbia Law School and Cardozo School of Law, US, and former International Legal Director, Human Rights FirstTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction to International Human Rights Law 2. Human Rights Universalism: Myth or Reality? 3. United Nations Human Rights System: Clash of Politics, Idealism and Law 4. Regional Human Rights Mechanisms: Tailor-Made for the Locals? 5. International Human Rights Treaty Obligations: Is Everyone Protected? 6. Complying With and Enforcing International Human Rights Law: Can the Bad Guys Get Away With It? 7. Universalization of International Human Rights Norms: Reassessment 8. Human Rights in New Dimensions: In Cyberspace and At Sea Index

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Book SynopsisPublic diplomacy has become one of the central instruments of foreign policy and national security; this crucial Research Agenda provides a new outline for its investigation. Aiding the comprehension of the broad boundaries of the field, it proposes a clear starting point for contemporary research into important areas of public diplomacy. This enlightening Research Agenda is divided into three parts which thoroughly explore the actors, disciplines and instruments involved in the process of public diplomacy. Rich in innovative analysis, chapters offer insights from many of the most prominent scholars and practitioners in the field to cover existing research, gaps, and future directions. A Research Agenda for Public Diplomacy will be invaluable for researchers and students interested in political science, international and public relations, communication, and digital media. It will also be beneficial for practitioners and officials working in areas relevant to foreign policy and national security employed by both governmental and non-governmental organizations.Trade Review‘A major theoretical contribution to the literature on public diplomacy, a comprehensive and innovative overview of the actors, disciplines, and instruments that continue to shape and advance the field. The volume is a must-read for anyone interested in learning why, what and how the study of public diplomacy needs to advance in order to meet new global challenges.’ -- Corneliu Bjola, University of Oxford, UK‘Public diplomacy benefits from a broad and ambitious research agenda that is pursued by academics and practitioners throughout the world. For this volume, Eytan Gilboa calls upon a distinguished group of those who know public diplomacy well, and from their collective knowledge emerges an impressive array of diverse and thoughtful ideas about shaping public diplomacy’s future. This book is a valuable contribution to the field.’ -- Philip Seib, University of Southern California, US‘This multidisciplinary volume shows convincingly what has been achieved in public diplomacy research, and equally demonstrates that there's still a long way to go in building bridges between disciplines, diversification of research methods and theory building. Next generation public diplomacy researchers around the world will find in this book thoughtful pointers and important questions for further research.’ -- Jan Melissen, Editor-in-Chief, The Hague Journal of Diplomacy, Leiden University, the Netherlands and University of Antwerp, Belgium‘Capturing the boundaries and possibilities of public diplomacy in a single volume has been elusive – until now. A Research Agenda for Public Diplomacy is a definitive collection of work from the top scholars in the field that charts a path for the next decade. Gilboa has done a tremendous service to practitioners, researchers, and all who care about diplomacy’s public dimensions.’ -- Katherine Brown, President and CEO, Global Ties, US‘In this superb volume, Eytan Gilboa has brought together a multi-disciplinary and multi-regional collection of the latest research produced by the best talent in the study of public diplomacy. As a leading and, indeed, founding scholar in the field, it is fitting that he has done so, and we are in his debt.’ -- Paul Sharp, University of Minnesota, USTable of ContentsContents: Preface xix Acknowledgments xxvii 1 Moving to a new phase in public diplomacy research 1 Eytan Gilboa PART I ACTORS 2 States: public diplomacy contests in Asia 25 Caitlin Byrne 3 International organizations 43 Phillip Arceneaux 4 Corporate diplomacy 57 Candace L. White and Wilfried Bolewski 5 City diplomacy 73 Efe Sevin and Soheala Amiri 6 Citizen diplomacy 89 Paul Lachelier and Sherry L. Mueller PART II DISCIPLINES 7 History 107 Nicholas J. Cull 8 International relations 123 Craig Hayden 9 Public relations 139 Kathy R. Fitzpatrick 10 Relational and collaborative approaches 155 R.S. Zaharna and Amelia Arsenault 11 Disinformation 171 Alicia Fjällhed and James Pamment 12 Management 185 Steven L. Pike PART III INSTRUMENTS 13 Cultural diplomacy 203 Natalia Grincheva 14 Nation as brand 217 Simon Anholt 15 International broadcasting 231 Shawn Powers 16 International exchanges 249 Giles Scott-Smith 17 Digital public diplomacy 265 Ilan Manor 18 Hybrid communication 279 Jian Wang and Jack Lipei Tang Index

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Book SynopsisIn recent years, China has become a world leader in e-commerce, e-currency, 5G and artificial intelligence, cementing itself as a major competitor to established powers. Gerald Chan poses the question: How has China pulled this off? Arguing that the answer lies in the country’s Digital Silk Road, a multi- faceted programme to connect the world via digital means, the book explores how China has shaped the development of the digital order, secured a critical role in internet governance and upset the status-quo powers.Integrating empirical research with innovative theory, this forward-looking book is the first of its kind to unravel the complex web spun through China’s Digital Silk Road. Chapters offer a unique Chinese perspective on the evolution of the global digital economy and digital currencies, highlighting China’s growing influence in driving technological development and setting global industrial standards. Following on from Chan’s previous publications on the country’s high-speed rail networks and maritime infrastructure, China’s Digital Silk Road offers a timely look at China’s predominant role in shaping the global digital order.Advancing a geo-developmental framework to analyse China’s Belt and Road Initiative, the book will be of unique interest to students and scholars of Chinese politics and global development.Trade Review‘Professor Gerald Chan’s latest addition to his trio on China’s Belt and Road Initiative examines the background of China’s technological drive and assists readers to better understand the escalating tension over technology – and ultimately the contest for global hegemony – between China and the United States. Readers will find its informal writing style easy to follow, which is important for an otherwise complex subject.’ -- Linda Chelan Li, City University of Hong Kong‘China’s new Silk Road, or Belt and Road Initiative, is massive in scope, with implications reaching beyond the future of China and humanity, and into space. And this book, also huge in scope, is everywhere far-sighted, thoughtful, perceptive, analytical and interesting. A splendid read for anybody interested in humanity’s future.’ -- Colin Mackerras, Griffith University, AustraliaTable of ContentsContents: Preface and acknowledgements 1. Introduction to China’s Digital Silk Road 2. The new Silk Road: land, sea, digital 3. Theorising the Belt and Road: geodevelopmentalism revisited 4. The digital Silk Road: driving the fourth Industrial Revolution? 5. The mobile Silk Road: digital economy and the e-yuan 6. The cable Silk Road: over the land and under the sea 7. The space Silk Road: reaching for the stars? 8. Digital diplomacy and internet governance 9. Conclusion Index

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Book SynopsisThis Handbook provides a contemporary perspective on public diplomacy scholarship and practice, showcasing the growing diversity of the field. Expert contributing authors identify the challenges involved in implementing successful public diplomacy, and analyse how to effectively measure and evaluate programs to determine best practices.

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Book SynopsisThe launching of economic and political reforms in 1978 has transformed China's standing in world politics. A new power has emerged. Yet, after more than four decades, the question of how to understand and interpret China's foreign policy remains a source of debate and contention.Nicholas Khoo examines China's arrival as a major power in contemporary world politics, making the case for a neorealist model highlighting the operation of state interests and relative power. He illuminates the relevance of economic and military power projection, spiral dynamics, and the use of wedge strategies to split adversaries. Khoo also reviews influential alternative theories of Chinese foreign policy that emphasize the concepts of trade, identity, socialization, domestic politics, and the security dilemma.Presenting readers with an analysis of the major issues and theoretical debates on China's role in bringing the Cold War to a close in East Asia, and its relations with the US and Japan, China's Foreign Policy since 1978 will be of great interest to university students at all levels, as well as specialists on Chinese foreign policy, East Asian international relations, and international security.Trade Review‘China’s Foreign Policy since 1978: Return to Power is a necessity for the academic library and a must-read for all students and academicians interested in China’s foreign affairs.’ -- Irieda Hamzaj, Insight Turkey‘The book offers a theoretically driven and empirically rich analysis of China's foreign policy. It will be of interest to scholars and policy analysts who want to understand China's foreign policy from a realist perspective.’ -- Kai He, Contemporary Southeast Asia'Nicholas Khoo employs deep knowledge and keen insight in this masterful assessment of China's post-Cold War rise in Asia to stake out a persuasive neorealist argument viewing China's behavior as based fundamentally on state interests and relative power. With extensive research in Chinese and foreign sources, this clear and informative analysis lays down an important marker in the ongoing debate on how the world should view China's rise.' -- Robert Sutter, The George Washington University, US‘China's Foreign Policy since 1978: Return to Power provides an excellent, fast-paced review of the emerging bi-polar world created by the increasingly competitive US-China relationship. China, the United States, Japan, and the ASEAN countries must accept a new normal that will be more competitive and conflictual. Khoo's latest book can be used as a text for both graduate and undergraduate courses on the international relations of East and Southeast Asia.' -- Karl Jackson, Johns Hopkins University, USTable of ContentsContents: Introduction: From “Biding One’s Time” to the “China Dream” 1. Conceptualizing China as an International Actor 2. The End of China’s Cold War: Wedge Strategy and the Termination of the Soviet-Vietnamese Alliance 3. US–China Relations and the Dynamics of Power Projection 4. Sino-Japanese Relations and the Rise of Coercive Diplomacy Conclusion: China Returns to Power Index

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Book SynopsisTaiwan has become a significant player on the world stage in many areas and has developed a distinct international profile and influence. Its pro-active foreign policy firmly reminds the world of a new political entity's achievement, aspirations and unfulfilled ambitions. This pioneering book discusses Taiwan's pragmatic diplomacy as a way of seeking legitimacy, survival and development for a burgeoning nation-state, against the dynamic changes in domestic and international scenes and tumultuous relations with China. With special reference to Taiwan's relations with Southeast Asia, a key region in Taiwan's international linkages, the book investigates three major pillars sustaining Taipei's unorthodox diplomacy. These three pillars are: Taiwan's investment and trade prowess, and the global networks built by its business elite; its special relations with global ethnic Chinese communities; and transnational activism of Taiwan's political, social and religious groups, in a so-called 'total diplomacy'.Political Scientists, students and international policy makers along with anyone interested in the changing role of China and Taiwan on the world stage will find this book lively and informative.Trade Review'The title of this book does not do it justice, for the book ranges far beyond Taiwan's diplomacy in Southeast Asia. The most authoritative book published to date on Taiwan's foreign policy (1949 to 2000), it covers Taiwan's foreign relations and diplomacy with Western developed states, the states of Africa and Latin America, Japan, the People's Republic of China, and the countries of Southeast Asia. Based on Chinese and English sources as well as personal interviews and correspondence, Chen Jie presents a wide-ranging, comprehensive view of Taiwan's efforts to gain greater international recognition. . . . Combining impressive scholarship with interesting analysis, Chen Jie presents new ways of understanding why Taiwan acts the way it does and sprinkles the explanations with wry humor. . . . All in all, a tour de force. Summing Up: Essential.'<BR>- S. Ogden, ChoiceTable of ContentsContents: Foreword by J. Bruce Jacobs Introduction 1. Foreign Policy of Taiwan Since Lee Teng-hui: Debut of a New Entity 2. Taiwan’s Relations with the ASEAN Countries: An Overview 3. Taipei’s Economic Diplomacy: A Demystifying Critique 4. Qiaowu: Kuomintang’s Historical Cross as New Taiwan’s Asset 5. ‘Total Diplomacy’: Parliamentarians, Parties, and NGOs References Index

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Book SynopsisThroughout the nineteenth century British governments engaged in a global campaign against the slave trade. They sought through coercion and diplomacy to suppress the trade on the high seas and in Africa and Asia. But, despite the Royal Navy's success in eradicating the transatlantic commerce in captive Africans, the forced migration of labour and other forms of people trafficking persisted. This collection of essays by specialist international, naval and slave trade historians examines the role played by individuals and institutions in the diplomacy of suppression, particularly the personnel of the Slave Trade Department of the Foreign Office and of the Mixed Commission Courts; the changing socio-religious character and methods of anti-slavery activists and the lobbyists; and the problems faced by the navy and those who served with its so-called 'Preventive Squadron' in seeking to combat the trade. Other contributions explore the difficulties confronting British diplomats in their efforts to reconcile their moral objections to slavery and the slave trade with Britain's imperial and strategic interests in Ottoman Turkey, Persia and the Arabian Peninsula; British reactions to the continued exploitation of forced labour in Portugal's African colonies; and the apparent reluctance of the Colonial Office to attempt any systematic reform of the 'master and servant' legislation in force in Britain's Caribbean possessions. The final chapter brings the story through the twentieth century, showing how the interests of the Foreign Office sometimes diverged from those of the Colonial Office, and considering how the changing face of slavery has made it the world-wide issue that it is today.Table of ContentsForeword; Introduction; Zealots & Helots: the slave trade department of the nineteenth-century Foreign Office; Judicial Diplomacy: British officials & the mixed commission courts; Slavery, free trade & naval strategy, 1840-1860; Anti-slavery activists & officials: "influence", lobbying & the slave trade, 1807-1850; "A course of unceasing remonstrance": British diplomacy & the suppression of the slave trade in the East; The British "official mind" & nineteenth-century Islamic debates over the abolition of slavery; The "taint of slavery": the Colonial Office & the regulation of free labour; The Foreign Office & slavery & forced labour in Portuguese west Africa, 1894-1914; The anti-slavery game: Britain & the suppression of slavery in Africa & Arabia, 1890-1975; Index.

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Book SynopsisSudan is at a crossroads. The country could soon witness one of the first partitions of an African state since the colonial era. The 2005 Comprehensive Peace Agreement guarantees a referendum on self determination for Southern Sudan, which is scheduled for January 2011. The agreement ended a 20-year old civil war pitting the indigenous population against successive Arab Muslim regimes in Khartoum. By the late 1990s the international community had largely judged the war insoluble and turned its attention elsewhere. Following the terrorist attacks of 11 September 2001 a peace process between the government of Sudan and the Sudan People's Liberation Movement and Army (SPLM/A) took hold. This book shows how that war, which ultimately claimed two million deaths and twice as many displaced, was finally brought to an end. The talks were facilitated by IGAD under Kenyan leadership, and supported by a 'Troika' of the US, UK, and Norway -- whose intense engagement in the negotiations was critical for reaching the peace agreement in January 2005. Although the cast of characters in this drama ranged from President George W Bush and Secretary of State Colin Powell to unnamed officials in east African hotels, two figures stood out: the SPLM/A Chairman, Dr John Garang, and Ali Osman Taha, First Vice President of Sudan. Norwegian Minister of International Development Hilde F Johnson's personal relationships with these two leaders gave her unique access and provided the basis for her pivotal role in the negotiations. She was party to virtually all their deliberations throughout this crucial period of Sudanese and African history. This book describes this process from a unique, insider's perspective. Her account provides a level of detail seldom achieved in works of contemporary African history and diplomacy. As Sudan soon faces the most decisive moment in its history, this book is indispensable reading.Trade Review"It is a sad truth that waging peace is always much harder than waging war. Fortunately, it is infinitely more rewarding. The Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) that ended Sudan's second civil war in 2005 took almost three years to mature and would never have been signed had it not been for the dedication of a small number of individuals from Sudan and the broader international community. Amongst the latter, Hilde F Johnson, at the time Norway's Minister for International Development and now Deputy Executive Director of UNICEF, stands out for her tireless efforts to help bring the protagonists together." -- From the Foreword by Kofi A Annan, Secretary-General of the United Nations, 19972006Table of ContentsForeword by Kofi Annan; Introduction: Africa's Longest Civil War; The Troika; The Watershed Agreement on Self-Determination; Peace-Making in Peril: Conflict & Confrontation; From Enemies to Partners in Peace; Inching Forward; Sealing the Deal; The First Taste of Peace; Epilogue: Achievements & Challenges; Index.

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Book SynopsisSudan is at a crossroads. The country could soon witness one of the first partitions of an African state since the colonial era. The 2005 Comprehensive Peace Agreement guarantees a referendum on self determination for Southern Sudan, which is scheduled for January 2011. The agreement ended a 20-year old civil war pitting the indigenous population against successive Arab Muslim regimes in Khartoum. By the late 1990s the international community had largely judged the war insoluble and turned its attention elsewhere. Following the terrorist attacks of 11 September 2001 a peace process between the government of Sudan and the Sudan People's Liberation Movement and Army (SPLM/A) took hold. This book shows how that war, which ultimately claimed two million deaths and twice as many displaced, was finally brought to an end. The talks were facilitated by IGAD under Kenyan leadership, and supported by a 'Troika' of the US, UK, and Norway -- whose intense engagement in the negotiations was critical for reaching the peace agreement in January 2005. Although the cast of characters in this drama ranged from President George W Bush and Secretary of State Colin Powell to unnamed officials in east African hotels, two figures stood out: the SPLM/A Chairman, Dr John Garang, and Ali Osman Taha, First Vice President of Sudan. Norwegian Minister of International Development Hilde F Johnson's personal relationships with these two leaders gave her unique access and provided the basis for her pivotal role in the negotiations. She was party to virtually all their deliberations throughout this crucial period of Sudanese and African history. This book describes this process from a unique, insider's perspective. Her account provides a level of detail seldom achieved in works of contemporary African history and diplomacy. As Sudan soon faces the most decisive moment in its history, this book is indispensable reading.Trade Review"It is a sad truth that waging peace is always much harder than waging war. Fortunately, it is infinitely more rewarding. The Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) that ended Sudan's second civil war in 2005 took almost three years to mature and would never have been signed had it not been for the dedication of a small number of individuals from Sudan and the broader international community. Amongst the latter, Hilde F Johnson, at the time Norway's Minister for International Development and now Deputy Executive Director of UNICEF, stands out for her tireless efforts to help bring the protagonists together." -- From the Foreword by Kofi A Annan, Secretary-General of the United Nations, 19972006Table of ContentsForeword by Kofi Annan; Introduction: Africa's Longest Civil War; The Troika; The Watershed Agreement on Self-Determination; Peace-Making in Peril: Conflict & Confrontation; From Enemies to Partners in Peace; Inching Forward; Sealing the Deal; The First Taste of Peace; Epilogue: Achievements & Challenges; Index.

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Book SynopsisThroughout the nineteenth century British governments engaged in a global campaign against the slave trade. They sought through coercion and diplomacy to suppress the trade on the high seas and in Africa and Asia. But, despite the Royal Navy's success in eradicating the transatlantic commerce in captive Africans, the forced migration of labour and other forms of people trafficking persisted. This collection of essays by specialist international, naval and slave trade historians examines the role played by individuals and institutions in the diplomacy of suppression, particularly the personnel of the Slave Trade Department of the Foreign Office and of the Mixed Commission Courts; the changing socio-religious character and methods of anti-slavery activists and the lobbyists; and the problems faced by the navy and those who served with its so-called 'Preventive Squadron' in seeking to combat the trade. Other contributions explore the difficulties confronting British diplomats in their efforts to reconcile their moral objections to slavery and the slave trade with Britain's imperial and strategic interests in Ottoman Turkey, Persia and the Arabian Peninsula; British reactions to the continued exploitation of forced labour in Portugal's African colonies; and the apparent reluctance of the Colonial Office to attempt any systematic reform of the 'master and servant' legislation in force in Britain's Caribbean possessions. The final chapter brings the story through the twentieth century, showing how the interests of the Foreign Office sometimes diverged from those of the Colonial Office, and considering how the changing face of slavery has made it the world-wide issue that it is today.Table of ContentsForeword; Introduction; Zealots & Helots: the slave trade department of the nineteenth-century Foreign Office; Judicial Diplomacy: British officials & the mixed commission courts; Slavery, free trade & naval strategy, 1840-1860; Anti-slavery activists & officials: "influence", lobbying & the slave trade, 1807-1850; "A course of unceasing remonstrance": British diplomacy & the suppression of the slave trade in the East; The British "official mind" & nineteenth-century Islamic debates over the abolition of slavery; The "taint of slavery": the Colonial Office & the regulation of free labour; The Foreign Office & slavery & forced labour in Portuguese west Africa, 1894-1914; The anti-slavery game: Britain & the suppression of slavery in Africa & Arabia, 1890-1975; Index.

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Book SynopsisThe Red Sea is one of the worlds most important trade routes, a theater of power struggle among local, regional and global powers. Military and political developments continue to impact on the geostrategic landscape of the region in the context of its trade thoroughfare for Europe, China, Japan and India; freedom of navigation is a strategic interest for Egypt, and essential for Israels economic ties with Asia. Superpower confrontation is inevitable. China, the US, France, Japan and Saudi Arabia have military bases in Djibouti. US strategy seeks to curb Chinese economic influence and Russian political interference in the region through diplomacy and investment. And at the centre of US alliances is the war on terror still prevalent in the Middle East and East Africa: Islamic terror groups Al Shabaab in Somalia and Kenya; Al Qaeda of the Arab Peninsula in Yemen; and the Islamic State in Egypt. The civil war in Yemen has become the arena for Iran and Saudi Arabias struggle for regional hegemony. Saudi Arabias Sunni Arab coalition have been fighting Iranian-backed Shiite Houthi rebels to a stalemate (December 2018). In 2016 Egypt ceded Saudi Arabia the Tiran and Sanafir Islands, the narrow sea passages between the Sinai and Arabian peninsulas, giving control of the entire length of the Red Sea. This, and other perceived positive geostrategic developments, have to be offset by the nuclearization of the Red Sea basin (directed in part by Russian foreign policy) and the dangers of multiple country military deployments in the hubs of radical Islam and terrorism potential. A stable future for the region cannot be taken for granted. And as alliances shift and change, so will Israels foreign policy and strategic partnerships have to adjust.Trade Review"Reviews of the authors Israel and Islamic Terror Abductions, 19862016: Political terror abductions keeps growing, and this book is an excellent introduction. Highly recommended." -- Choice"Abduction is a grievous weapon in the terrorist arsenal, and this book shows why." -- Joshua Sinai, Washington Post

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Book SynopsisFrance has long been engaged in a very active cultural and scientific diplomacy. It aims both at ensuring and valorising the international presence of France in the domains of language, culture, communication, or higher education and research. This diplomacy is backed by a network of cooperation services in embassies and cultural institutions, as well as by numerous operators and specialised agencies in various sectors. This book asks whether cultural diplomacy, invented by France in the 18th century, is in danger. It asks whether the present system, aimed at helping artists and creators, professionals of teaching and culture, researchers and intellectuals, can be improved. And it argues that a diplomacy of influence needs coherent foreign policy connecting sectors and promoting partnerships.Trade ReviewAs the endorsements from politicians such as Laurent Fabius and Xavier Darcos suggest, Philippe Lane has produced a valuable and informative overview of the changes in France's approach to 'soft power', an approach that reflects the state's endeavour to ensure that its initiatives are more responsive to the challenges of making 'soft power' also 'smart power' and of deploying it to greater effect. More particularly, Lane focuses on recent changes in legislation whose aim has been to create new institutions capable of giving a greater, more coordinated impact to France's cultural initiatives abroad. Implicit in the changes is the recognition that past initiatives were sometimes stacked up one on top of another in a bureaucratic mountain and lacked an overall sense of cohesion. Accordingly, in January 2011 the Institut francais was inaugurated to oversee and integrate the efforts of individual French Institutes and cultural centres around the world. This was preceded, in the summer of 2010, by the creation of Campus France, which is designed to enhance the standing abroad of French higher education, professional training, and research. To complete the trio of new institutions with a major mission - this time industrial and commercial - France Expertise Internationale was launched in [End Page 444] April 2011, under the wing of the Ministere des affaires etrangeres et europeennes, its task being to promote French technical assistance and expertise on the global stage. As Lane emphasizes, the traditional view of cultural influence operating in its own sphere came to be seen as too limiting; what was required instead was the development of a 'diplomacy of influence', born of the recognition that cultural and scientific questions will be inseparably linked in the responses that need to be framed across a broad range of issues posed by globalization-from early years education to food security to climate change. Thus Lane maps out the challenges that these new French institutions face both in fostering a collaborative ethic across ministries, which was all too lacking in the past, and in the way that these bodies mediate France's relationship with the world as French cultural diplomacy engages with the arts, sciences, and education. The policy details and latest statistics that Lane has collated constitute a very useful tool for those working in the field of cultural policy; by pointing out that China created more than three hundred Confucius Institutes in over eighty countries between 2004 and 2013, he demonstrates the importance of this field as an arena for the pursuit of a competitive advantage. One of the results of Lane's lucid 'top-down' analysis is to whet the appetite for a complementary 'bottom-up' investigation of recent manifestations of French cultural influence operating outside of state-led initiatives, a notable example being the vertiginous growth in the numbers of French citizens in a city such as London, and the deployment of 'soft power' that this entails. Reviewed by July 2014 French Studies Volume LXVIII Number 3Table of Contents 1. The cultural and scientific diplomacy of France: history and successive political projects 2. Cultural and linguistic action today: principles, means, sectors 3. Scientific and academic action today 4. Methods of action: networks, agencies, operators and budgets 5. Perspectives for the twenty-first century Conclusion Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisAdopted by the UN General Assembly on 13 September 2007, the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples affirms the “minimum standards for the survival, dignity and well-being of the indigenous peoples of the world.” The Declaration responds to past and ongoing injustices suffered by Indigenous peoples worldwide, and provides a strong foundation for the full recognition of the inherent rights of Indigenous peoples. Despite this, Canada was one of the few countries to oppose the Declaration. With essays from Indigenous leaders, legal scholars and practitioners, state representatives, and representatives from NGOs, contributors discuss the creation of the Declaration and how it can be used to advance human rights internationally.Table of ContentsForeword: A Living Instrument / Phil FontaineIntroduction: From Development to Implementation: An Ongoing Journey / Jackie Hartley, Paul Joffe, and Jennifer PrestonI: Development, Adoption, and Implementation1. Reflections on the Development, Adoption, and Implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples / Kenneth Deer2. Dreamtime Discovery: New Reality and Hope / Les Malezer3. Survival, Dignity, and Well-Being: Implementing the Declaration in British Columbia / Grand Chief Edward JohnII: States and Civil Society 4. Implementing the Declaration: A State Representative Perspective / Connie Taracena5. Canada’s Opposition to the UN Declaration: Legitimate Concerns or Ideological Bias? / Paul Joffe6. Realizing the Human Rights of Indigenous Peoples: Partnerships with Non-Indigenous NGOs / Jennifer PrestonIII: Treaty Rights and Free, Prior, and Informed Consent: Essential Aspects of Self-Determination7. Consistent Advocacy: Treaty Rights and the UN Declaration / Wilton Littlechild8. The Right to Free, Prior, and Informed Consent: A Framework for Harmonious Relations and New Processes for Redress / Andrea Carmen9. The Significance of the UN Declaration to a Treaty Nation: A James Bay Cree Perspective / Romeo Saganash and Paul JoffeIV: Dimensions of Collective and Individual Society10. A Vision for Fulfilling the Indivisible Rights of Indigenous Women / M. Celeste McKay and Craig Benjamin11. More than Words: Promoting and Protecting the Rights of Indigenous Children with International Human Rights Instruments / Mary Ellen Turpel-LafondConclusion: Hopes and Challenges on the Road Ahead / Jackie Hartley, Paul Joffe, and Jennifer PrestonAppendices: Appendix I: United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous PeoplesAppendix II*: Open Letter: Canada Needs to Implement this New Human Rights InstrumentAppendix III: Supportive Statements WorldwideNotesIndexContributorsList of Abbreviations* Some signatories to the Open Letter are missing in the printed book. A complete list is contained in an update available online.

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Book SynopsisIn the past twenty years, Japan has undergone dramatic changes. Electoral reform has altered the relationship between politicians and voters, and Japan is increasingly a two-party system. The popularity of former prime minister Koizumi Junichiro highlighted the salience of telegenic party leaders. Amid so many shifts, it remains unclear whether such changes will stand the test of time and where Japanese politics is heading. However, it is not too early to assess the permanence and the direction of political change in Japan. Each chapter in this wide-ranging volume addresses a key political development in Japan —from "stealing votes" to the constraints that women candidates face. Intended for scholars and students who study Japan, this timely volume also provides valuable reading for comparative political scientists. With contributions from some of the most distinguished scholars working on Japan today, Political Change in Japan seeks to answer the question: Was political reform in Japan a revolution or a flash in the pan?

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Book SynopsisCoverage of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) all too often focuses solely on nuclear proliferation, military parades, and the personality cult around its leaders. As the British ambassador to North Korea, John Everard had the rare experience of living there from 2006, when the DPRK conducted its first nuclear test, to 2008, just before Kim Jong Il’s stroke. While stationed in Pyongyang, Everard’s travels around the DPRK provided him with numerous opportunities to meet and converse with North Koreans.Only Beautiful, Please goes beyond official North Korea to unveil the human dimension of life in that hermetic nation. Everard recounts his impressions of the country and its people, his interactions with them, and his observations on their way of life. He provides a picture as well of the life of foreigners in this closed society, considers how the DPRK evolved to its current state, and discusses the failure of current approaches to tackle the challenges that it throws up. The book is illustrated with striking and never-before-seen photographs taken by Everard during his stay in North Korea.

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Book SynopsisHalf a century since the adoption of democracy in South Korea, the Korean people's high hopes for popular governance have not been met. There is widespread skepticism about what Korea's implementation of democracy has brought to the nation and whether it will be able to respond effectively in the future to the demands of an evolving society and world. What accounts for the conservative complacency of Korea's democratic system? Why do democratic administrations in Korea seem so incompetent? Do political parties in Korea legitimately represent the voice of civil society in legislating and policymaking on issues with a direct impact on the freedom and welfare of the people?Taking an issue-oriented approach, renowned Korean political scientist Jang-Jip Choi endeavors to answer such questions as he examines the origins, structures, and conflicts of conservative democracy in South Korea as well as democratization's impact on the state, economy, and civil society.

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Book SynopsisSouth Korea and Vietnam established diplomatic relations only twenty years ago. Today these former adversaries enjoy unexpectedly cordial and rapidly expanding bilateral ties. Leaders of the two nations—perceiving broadly shared interests and no fundamental conflicts—seek to leverage their subregional influence on behalf of common or complementary policy goals. Today they often profess a “middle power” identity as they explain their foreign policy in terms of such classical middle power goals as regional peace, integration, and common goods.Broadly similar in many respects, South Korea and Vietnam are nonetheless sufficiently different that a comparison can yield interesting insights—yet there is a dearth of systematic comparative work on the two. While holding a range of views on the contentious concepts of middle power and national identity, the contributors to Asia’s Middle Powers? help readers, both academic and policy practitioners, to gain an enhanced appreciation of South Korea and Vietnam’s regional behavior and international strategies.

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Book SynopsisAs the U.S. special envoy for North Korean human rights from 2009 to 2017, Ambassador Robert R. King led efforts to ensure that human rights were an integral part of U.S. policy with North Korea. In Patterns of Impunity, he traces U.S. involvement and interest in North Korean human rights, from the adoption of the North Korean Human Rights Act in 2004—legislation which King himself was involved in and which called for the creation of the special envoy position—to his own negotiations with North Korean diplomats over humanitarian assistance, discussions that would ultimately end because of the death of Kim Jong-il and Kim Jong-un’s ascension as Supreme Leader, as well as continued nuclear and missile testing.Beyond an in-depth overview of his time as special envoy, Ambassador King provides insights into the United Nations’ role in addressing the North Korean human rights crisis, including the UN Human Rights Council’s creation of the UN Commission of Inquiry on Human Rights in the DPRK in 2013–14, and discussions in the Security Council on North Korea human rights.King explores subjects such as the obstacles to getting outside information to citizens of one of the most isolated countries in the world; the welfare of DPRK defectors, and how China has both abetted North Korea by returning refugees and enabled the problem of human trafficking; the detaining of U.S. citizens in North Korea and efforts to free them, including King’s escorting U.S. citizen Eddie Jun back from Pyongyang in 2011; and the challenges of providing humanitarian assistance to a country with no formal relations with the United States and where separating human rights from politics is virtually impossible.Trade ReviewKing is realistic about how painstakingly difficult it is to achieve progress on these issues ― but he illustrates that pressing for change can yield results. He points to the improvement of rights of the disabled in North Korea as one victory. -- Haley Gordon, Stanford UniversityThe former special envoy’s account is timely: It comes after what King describes as U.S. disinterest on DPRK human rights issues during the last four years of fire, fury and summitry between former President Donald Trump and North Korean leader Kim Jong Un. -- James Fretwell, NK NewsWith the Biden administration’s desire for a “human rights up front” approach this is a must-read for all who work in the human rights space and who want to understand the human rights tragedy in North Korea. -- David Maxwell, War on the Rocks

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Book SynopsisThe roles of the Holy See and papal diplomacy vis-à-vis international organisations have a long and intricate story that spans centuries. Papal Diplomacy and the Quest for Peace explores the encounter between the Holy See and the international order, from the establishment of the United Nations (UN) in 1945 through the pontificate of Pope Paul VI (1963-78). Both Araujo and Lucal have worked for and represented the Holy See in the environment of the UN and, to a lesser extent, other international organisations. Consequently, their investigation is based on not only academic study of papal diplomacy and its relations with international organisations, but also participation in the activities of the Holy See within some of these organisations. They contend that while the Church and international organisations have distinctive goals and interests which can introduce strong differences on particular issues, they nonetheless share other perspectives such as the maintenance of international peace and security. The Holy See has expressed general approval of the UN, especially its initiatives aimed at ""peaceful coexistence and collaboration between nations."" At the same time the Holy See has not hesitated to state its morally grounded positions on pressing contemporary issues (e.g., family planning, abortion, human embryonic cloning, and family life) that have not always been congruent with those of temporal sovereigns and international organisations, including the UN. To date, Pope Pius XII's initial aspiration to join the UN has not been fulfilled, but the Holy See formalised its participation in the General Assembly of the United Nations in summer of 2004. In spite of occasional criticism by some segments of secular society, the interaction between the Holy See and the UN continues to exist and to be fruitful in a variety of contexts. Papal Diplomacy and the Quest for Peace seeks to elucidate this encounter and dynamic by examining congruence and divergence on vital issues of great importance to both institutions, most especially the quest for peace and the protection of the dignity and legitimate interests of humanity.

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Book SynopsisThis volume presents the impacts of international higher education on citizen diplomacy. Based on the assumption that international higher education is a key driving factor of citizen diplomacy, the empirical studies in this book examine the learning outcomes of five mobility programs of international higher education(inbound study abroad, outbound study abroad, international service-learning, international internship, and online study abroad) in cultivating students’ intercultural competence, empathy and goodwill towards people in the host country. It contributes to increasing awareness of international higher education by providing insights about its functions in citizen diplomacy.Table of Contents1 Introduction 2 A Review of International Higher Education in Diplomacy 3 A Review of International Higher Education 4 Research Methodology and Method 5 Outbound Study Abroad Programs 6 Inbound Study Abroad Programs 7 International Service-Learning Programs 8 International Internship Programs 9 Online Study Abroad Program

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Book SynopsisChapter 1. Introduction to Digital Diplomacy in the OSCE Region.- Chapter 2. Digital Diplomacy in Azerbaijan: Lessons Learned and Future Opportunities.- Chapter 3. Balkan Style Digital Diplomacy.- Chapter 4. Digitalisation in Central Asia: Progress and Potential.- Chapter 5. German Digital Diplomacy.- Chapter 6. A New Frontier in Diplomacy: Digital Diplomacy Implementations in Kazakhstan.- Chapter 7. Digital Diplomacy in Spain: A Steep Learning Curve.- Chapter 8. Türkiye's Digital Diplomacy Initiative: Challenges and Opportunities.- Chapter 9. UK Digital Diplomacy.- Chapter 10. The Impact of Twitter on Digital Diplomacy in the Context of International Media.- Chapter 11. The Impact of Digital Diplomacy on Security: the Case of the Russia-ukraine War.- Chapter 12. Bringing Diplomacy to the Digital Age.- Chapter 13. Essential Attributes Guiding the Danish Practice of Digital Diplomacy on Global Affairs.- Chapter 14. Diplomacy and Challenges in the Digital Age: the Italian Case Study.-

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Book SynopsisDiese essential führt kompakt in das Konzept der Public Diplomacy ein. Public Diplomacy wird international in Wissenschaft und Praxis umfassend debattiert und praktiziert, in Deutschland findet der Begriff bisher allerdings nur wenig Beachtung. Es erläutert die Hintergründe, skizziert Akteure, Instrumente und Zielgruppen sowie ähnliche Begriffe. Zudem wirft das essential Schlaglichter auf bisherige Forschungslücken und leitet Möglichkeiten für weitere Forschungen ab, die sowohl für Wissenschaft und Praxis relevant sind.Table of ContentsPublic Diplomacy: Einführung und Hintergründe.- Die praktische Dimension von Public Diplomacy.- Konzeptionelle Annäherung - verwandte Begriffe und Konzepte.- Forschungssituation und Forschungslücken

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Book SynopsisDer Sammelband untersucht den Umgang ausgewählter Nationalstaaten mit der globalen COVID-19-Pandemie unter Anwendung des personenbezogenen Ansatzes der Politikwissenschaft. Der Band geht dabei von der grundlegenden These aus, dass sich der Umgang mit der Krise in entscheidendem Maße auf die Persönlichkeit und den Führungsstil der jeweils an der Spitze stehenden politischen Entscheidungsträgerinnen und Entscheidungsträger zurückführen lässt. Zu diesem Zweck nehmen die einzelnen Beiträge des Bandes ausgewählte Persönlichkeiten der Weltpolitik in den Blick, um deren Entscheidungen und Handlungen in der Coronakrrise zu untersuchen.Trade Review“... Sie weiß mit Bündigkeit und Geradlinigkeit zu überzeugen, ist zugänglich und erlaubt umstandsloses Quer- und Zwischenlesen auf Grundlage eines im deutschsprachigen Raum selten zu findenden Forschungsansatzes ...ˮ (Marco Bitschnau, in: Politische Vierteljahresschrift PVS, Jg. 64, Heft 4, 2023)Table of ContentsDer Einfluss von Persönlichkeit und Führungsstil in der Corona-Krise.- Xi Jinping: Zwischen innerem Systemerhalt und globalen Systemwettbewerb.- Donald Trump: Selbstbezogener Dealmaker in der Krise.- Shinzō Abe: Das unvollendete Vermächtnis.- Emmanuel Macron: Ein Präsident im Krieg gegen das Corona-Virus.- Justin Trudeau: Höhenflug und Fall eines Premiers?.- Angela Merkel: Die Pandemie als letzter Gipfel ihrer Kanzlerschaft?.- Boris Johnson: Erst Brexit dann COVID-19 – Die Persönlichkeit des Premierministers in der Krise.- Wladimir Putin: Kapitän statt Steuermann.- Sanna Marin: Ein Beispiel des finnischen Nationalgefühls ‚sisu‘.- Jair Bolsonaro: Leugnen bis zum Schluss.- Jacinda Ardern: Entschlossenheit und Empathie in der Pandemie.- Mohammed bin Salman: Der Architekt des „vierten saudischen Staats“ in der Corona-Krise.- Viktor Orbán: Ein politischer Provokateur.- Joe Biden: Persönlichkeit und Politik

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Book SynopsisThere is hardly another country as isolated and with such a bleak image as North Korea. It is portrayed in the Western media as a Hermit Kingdom ruled by an outdated, communist dictatorship whose clandestine nuclear programmes alarm its neighbours and which uses dreadful labour camps to control a population wracked by famine. The regime's poor track record on human rights is stressed time and again by both Western governments and international organizations. Prospects look bleak for any improvement in relations let alone the start of a dialogue on human rights. Offering a rare, nuanced analysis of the North Korean situation, this short study argues that not only is a constructive and fruitful dialogue on human rights possible but also it is desirable for both parties. New perspectives are provided on what is generally perceived about North Korea, its relationship to the international human rights regime, the rationales that underpin decision-making in international relations, and the perceptions and expectations of people occupying official positions in the DPRK bureaucracy. The authors also draw from concrete experiences to give some suggestions to how a dialogue could be established and in what specific areas it is realistic. Here they point to valuable lessons to be learned from the dialogue so far between North Korea and the UN Human Rights regime as well as from the experiences of the already established EU-China human rights dialogue.

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Book SynopsisThe advent of the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) represents a historic opportunity for the continent to boost intra-African trade and accelerate structural transformation. However, this relies on a critical policy instrument: the effective implementation of preferential trade liberalisation among the AfCFTA members. Whether in practice African firms will utilize tariff preferences under the AfCFTA depends on a critical factor: rules of origin (RoO) and the net benefits of complying with them. The Economic Development in Africa Report 2019 argues for the adoption of flexible RoO and a strengthening of institutional capacities to ensure an impartial, transparent, predictable, consistent and neutral implementation of agreed rules of origin

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Book SynopsisThis publication contains a presentation of case laws rendered in jurisdictions having enacted the UNCITRAL Model Law on International Commercial Arbitration. In light of the large number of cases collected, the Commission requested a tool specifically designed to present selected information on the interpretation and application of the Model Law in a clear, concise and objective manner. This request originated the UNCITRAL Digest of Case Law on the Model Law on International Commercial Arbitration. The purpose of the digest is to assist in the dissemination of information on the Model Law and further promote its adoption as well as its uniform interpretation and application. In addition, the digest is meant to help judges, government officials, arbitrators, practitioners and academics use more efficiently the case law relating to the UNCITRAL text.

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Book SynopsisThe The Yearbook contains the official records of the International Law Commission and is an indispensable tool for the preservation of the legislative history of the documents emanating from the Commission, as well as for the teaching, study, dissemination and wider appreciation of the efforts undertaken by the Commission in the progressive development of international law and its codification. Volume II (Part Two) reproduces the edited version of the annual report of the Commission to the General Assembly.

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Book SynopsisThis manual intends to help newcomers to conference diplomacy to overcome obstacles, familiarise themselves with conference processes and procedures, and become effective more quickly. It also aims to serve as a reference work for more experienced conference delegates. This book will deepen their understanding of both the rules and the dynamics of conferences, and help them take their skills to a higher level. Also, those who give instructions to conference delegates or are affected by conference outcomes can find support here to understand how conferences reach their outcomes. The manual is written from the perspective of practitioners and draws on the experience of conference diplomats from many nations, developed and developing. It also introduces the reader to widely used strategies and tactics, and gives tips as to practices which have proved effective over the years.

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Book SynopsisOfficial Records of the Resolutions and Decisions Adopted by the General Assembly during its Seventy-fourth session. Supplement No. 49, Volume III.

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