Differential and Riemannian geometry Books

Book SynopsisThe focus of this book is on providing students with insights into geometry that can help them understand deep learning from a unified perspective. Rather than describing deep learning as an implementation technique, as is usually the case in many existing deep learning books, here, deep learning is explained as an ultimate form of signal processing techniques that can be imagined. To support this claim, an overview of classical kernel machine learning approaches is presented, and their advantages and limitations are explained. Following a detailed explanation of the basic building blocks of deep neural networks from a biological and algorithmic point of view, the latest tools such as attention, normalization, Transformer, BERT, GPT-3, and others are described. Here, too, the focus is on the fact that in these heuristic approaches, there is an important, beautiful geometric structure behind the intuition that enables a systematic understanding. A unified geometric analysis to understand the working mechanism of deep learning from high-dimensional geometry is offered. Then, different forms of generative models like GAN, VAE, normalizing flows, optimal transport, and so on are described from a unified geometric perspective, showing that they actually come from statistical distance-minimization problems.Because this book contains up-to-date information from both a practical and theoretical point of view, it can be used as an advanced deep learning textbook in universities or as a reference source for researchers interested in acquiring the latest deep learning algorithms and their underlying principles. In addition, the book has been prepared for a codeshare course for both engineering and mathematics students, thus much of the content is interdisciplinary and will appeal to students from both disciplines.Trade Review“This book is based on material that has been prepared for senior-level undergraduate classes, this book can be used for one-semester senior-level undergraduate and graduate-level classes.” (Arzu Ahmadova, zbMATH 1493.68003, 2022)Table of ContentsPart I Basic Tools for Machine Learning: 1. Mathematical Preliminaries.- 2. Linear and Kernel Classifiers.- 3. Linear, Logistic, and Kernel Regression.- 4. Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space, Representer Theorem.- Part II Building Blocks of Deep Learning: 5. Biological Neural Networks.- 6. Artificial Neural Networks and Backpropagation.- 7. Convolutional Neural Networks.- 8. Graph Neural Networks.- 9. Normalization and Attention.- Part III Advanced Topics in Deep Learning.- 10. Geometry of Deep Neural Networks.- 11. Deep Learning Optimization.- 12. Generalization Capability of Deep Learning.- 13. Generative Models and Unsupervised Learning.- Summary and Outlook.- Bibliography.- Index.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe Bernstein problem and the Plateau problem are central topics in the theory of minimal submanifolds. This important book presents the Douglas-Rado solution to the Plateau problem, but the main emphasis is on the Bernstein problem and its new developments in various directions: the value distribution of the Gauss image of a minimal surface in Euclidean 3-space, Simons' work for minimal graphic hypersurfaces, and author's own contributions to Bernstein type theorems for higher codimension. The author also introduces some related topics, such as submanifolds with parallel mean curvature, Weierstrass type representation for surfaces of mean curvature 1 in hyperbolic 3-space, and special Lagrangian submanifolds.Table of ContentsBernstein's Theorem and Its Generalizations; Weierstrass Type Representations; Plateau's Problem and Douglas-Rato Solution; Minimal Submanifolds of Higher Codimension; Stable Minimal Hypersurfaces; Bernstein Type Theorems for Higher Codimension; Entire Space-Like Submanifolds.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book provides the first-ever systematic introduction to the theory of Riemannian submersions, which was initiated by Barrett O'Neill and Alfred Gray less than four decades ago. The authors focus their attention on classification theorems when the total space and the fibres have nice geometric properties. Particular emphasis is placed on the interrelation with almost Hermitian, almost contact and quaternionic geometry. Examples clarifying and motivating the theory are included in every chapter. Recent results on semi-Riemannian submersions are also explained. Finally, the authors point out the close connection of the subject with some areas of physics.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis graduate-level monographic textbook treats applied differential geometry from a modern scientific perspective. Co-authored by the originator of the world's leading human motion simulator — “Human Biodynamics Engine”, a complex, 264-DOF bio-mechanical system, modeled by differential-geometric tools — this is the first book that combines modern differential geometry with a wide spectrum of applications, from modern mechanics and physics, via nonlinear control, to biology and human sciences. The book is designed for a two-semester course, which gives mathematicians a variety of applications for their theory and physicists, as well as other scientists and engineers, a strong theory underlying their models.Table of ContentsTechnical Preliminaries: Tensors, Actions and Functors; Applied Manifold Geometry; Applied Bundle Geometry; Applied Jet Geometry; Geometrical Path Integrals and Their Applications.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis accessible book for beginners uses intuitive geometric concepts to create abstract algebraic theory with a special emphasis on geometric characterizations. The book applies known results to describe various geometries and their invariants, and presents problems concerned with linear algebra, such as in real and complex analysis, differential equations, differentiable manifolds, differential geometry, Markov chains and transformation groups. The clear and inductive approach makes this book unique among existing books on linear algebra both in presentation and in content.Table of ContentsThe Euclidean Structures of R1, R2 and R3: The Euclidean Plane R2; The Euclidean Space R3.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe totality of the eigenvalues of the Laplacian of a compact Riemannian manifold is called the spectrum. We describe how the spectrum determines a Riemannian manifold. The continuity of the eigenvalue of the Laplacian, Cheeger and Yau's estimate of the first eigenvalue, the Lichnerowicz-Obata's theorem on the first eigenvalue, the Cheng's estimates of the kth eigenvalues, and Payne-Pólya-Weinberger's inequality of the Dirichlet eigenvalue of the Laplacian are also described. Then, the theorem of Colin de Verdière, that is, the spectrum determines the totality of all the lengths of closed geodesics is described. We give the V Guillemin and D Kazhdan's theorem which determines the Riemannian manifold of negative curvature.Table of ContentsFundamentals of Riemannian Geometry; The Space of Riemannian Metrics and Continuity of the Eigenvalues; Cheeger and Yau's Estimate of the First Eigenvalue; Cheng's Estimate of the kth Eigenvalue, and Lichnerowicz and Obata's Theorem; Payne-Polya-Weinberger Type Estimate of the Dirichlet Eigenvalue; The Heat Equation and the Totality of All Closed Geodesics; The Spectral Rigidity Due to V Guillemin and D Kazhdan;

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis solutions manual thoroughly goes through the exercises found in Undergraduate Convexity: From Fourier and Motzkin to Kuhn and Tucker. Several solutions are accompanied by detailed illustrations and intuitive explanations. This book will pave the way for students to easily grasp the multitude of solution methods and aspects of convex sets and convex functions. Companion Textbook here

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis solutions manual thoroughly goes through the exercises found in Undergraduate Convexity: From Fourier and Motzkin to Kuhn and Tucker. Several solutions are accompanied by detailed illustrations and intuitive explanations. This book will pave the way for students to easily grasp the multitude of solution methods and aspects of convex sets and convex functions. Companion Textbook here

Read more less

Book SynopsisA warped product manifold is a Riemannian or pseudo-Riemannian manifold whose metric tensor can be decomposed into a Cartesian product of the y geometry and the x geometry — except that the x-part is warped, that is, it is rescaled by a scalar function of the other coordinates y. The notion of warped product manifolds plays very important roles not only in geometry but also in mathematical physics, especially in general relativity. In fact, many basic solutions of the Einstein field equations, including the Schwarzschild solution and the Robertson-Walker models, are warped product manifolds.The first part of this volume provides a self-contained and accessible introduction to the important subject of pseudo-Riemannian manifolds and submanifolds. The second part presents a detailed and up-to-date account on important results of warped product manifolds, including several important spacetimes such as Robertson-Walker's and Schwarzschild's.The famous John Nash's embedding theorem published in 1956 implies that every warped product manifold can be realized as a warped product submanifold in a suitable Euclidean space. The study of warped product submanifolds in various important ambient spaces from an extrinsic point of view was initiated by the author around the beginning of this century.The last part of this volume contains an extensive and comprehensive survey of numerous important results on the geometry of warped product submanifolds done during this century by many geometers.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis volume contains original papers and announcements of recent results presented by the main participants of the 5th International Colloquium on Differential Geometry and its Related Fields (ICDG2016). These articles are devoted to some new developments on geometric structures on manifolds. Besides covering a broad overview on geometric structures, this volume provides significant information for researchers not only in the field of differential geometry but also in mathematical physics. Since each article is accompanied with detailed explanations, it serves as a good guide for young scientists working in this area.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis volume presents a collection of problems and solutions in differential geometry with applications. Both introductory and advanced topics are introduced in an easy-to-digest manner, with the materials of the volume being self-contained. In particular, curves, surfaces, Riemannian and pseudo-Riemannian manifolds, Hodge duality operator, vector fields and Lie series, differential forms, matrix-valued differential forms, Maurer-Cartan form, and the Lie derivative are covered.Readers will find useful applications to special and general relativity, Yang-Mills theory, hydrodynamics and field theory. Besides the solved problems, each chapter contains stimulating supplementary problems and software implementations are also included. The volume will not only benefit students in mathematics, applied mathematics and theoretical physics, but also researchers in the field of differential geometry.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis volume presents a collection of problems and solutions in differential geometry with applications. Both introductory and advanced topics are introduced in an easy-to-digest manner, with the materials of the volume being self-contained. In particular, curves, surfaces, Riemannian and pseudo-Riemannian manifolds, Hodge duality operator, vector fields and Lie series, differential forms, matrix-valued differential forms, Maurer-Cartan form, and the Lie derivative are covered.Readers will find useful applications to special and general relativity, Yang-Mills theory, hydrodynamics and field theory. Besides the solved problems, each chapter contains stimulating supplementary problems and software implementations are also included. The volume will not only benefit students in mathematics, applied mathematics and theoretical physics, but also researchers in the field of differential geometry.

Read more less

Book SynopsisIn the theory of minimal submanifolds, Bernstein's problem and Plateau's problem are central topics. This important book presents the Douglas-Rado solution to Plateau's problem, but the main emphasis is on Bernstein's problem and its new developments in various directions: the value distribution of the Gauss image of a minimal surface in Euclidean 3-space, Simons' work for minimal graphic hypersurfaces, and the author's own contributions to Bernstein type theorems for higher codimension. The author also introduces some related topics, such as submanifolds with parallel mean curvature, Weierstrass type representation for surfaces of mean curvature 1 in hyperbolic 3-space, and special Lagrangian submanifolds.This new edition contains the author's recent work on the Lawson-Osserman's problem for higher codimension, and on Chern's problem for minimal hypersurfaces in the sphere. Both Chern's problem and Lawson-Osserman's problem are important problems in minimal surface theory which are still unsolved. In addition, some new techniques were developed to address those problems in detail, which are of interest in the field of geometric analysis.

Read more less

Book Synopsis'The present volume, written in a clear and precise style, ends with a rich bibliography of 167 items, including some classical books and papers. In the reviewer’s opinion, this excellent monograph will be a basic reference for graduate students and researchers working in the field of differential geometry of variational methods.'zbMATHThe author describes harmonic maps which are critical points of the energy functional, and biharmonic maps which are critical points of the bienergy functional. Also given are fundamental materials of the variational methods in differential geometry, and also fundamental materials of differential geometry.

Read more less

Book Synopsis'Guillemin and Haine’s goal is to construct a well-documented road map that extends undergraduate understanding of multivariable calculus into the theory of differential forms. Throughout, the authors emphasize connections between differential forms and topology while making connections to single and multivariable calculus via the change of variables formula, vector space duals, physics; classical mechanisms, div, curl, grad, Brouwer’s fixed-point theorem, divergence theorem, and Stokes’s theorem … The exercises support, apply and justify the developing road map.'CHOICEThere already exist a number of excellent graduate textbooks on the theory of differential forms as well as a handful of very good undergraduate textbooks on multivariable calculus in which this subject is briefly touched upon but not elaborated on enough.The goal of this textbook is to be readable and usable for undergraduates. It is entirely devoted to the subject of differential forms and explores a lot of its important ramifications.In particular, our book provides a detailed and lucid account of a fundamental result in the theory of differential forms which is, as a rule, not touched upon in undergraduate texts: the isomorphism between the Čech cohomology groups of a differential manifold and its de Rham cohomology groups.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book provides the reader with a gentle path through the multifaceted theory of vector fields, starting from the definitions and the basic properties of vector fields and flows, and ending with some of their countless applications, in the framework of what is nowadays called Geometrical Analysis. Once the background material is established, the applications mainly deal with the following meaningful settings:

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis volume contains research and expository papers on recent advances in foliations and Riemannian geometry. Some of the topics covered in this volume include: topology, geometry, dynamics and analysis of foliations, curvature, submanifold theory, Lie groups and harmonic maps.Among the contributions, readers may find an extensive survey on characteristic classes of Riemannian foliations offering also new results, an article showing the uniform simplicity of certain diffeomorphism groups, an exposition of convergences of contact structures to foliations from the point of view of Thurston's and Thurston-Bennequin's inequalities, a discussion about Fatou-Julia decompositions for foliations and a description of singular Riemannian foliations on spaces without conjugate points.Papers on submanifold theory focus on the existence of graphs with prescribed mean curvature and mean curvature flow for spacelike graphs, isometric and conformal deformations and detailed surveys on totally geodesic submanifolds in symmetric spaces, cohomogeneity one actions on hyperbolic spaces and rigidity of geodesic spheres in space forms. Geometric realizability of curvature tensors and curvature operators are also treated in this volume with special attention to the affine and the pseudo-Riemannian settings. Also, some contributions on biharmonic maps and submanifolds enrich the scope of this volume in providing an overview of different topics of current interest in differential geometry.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book aims to present a new approach called Flow Curvature Method that applies Differential Geometry to Dynamical Systems. Hence, for a trajectory curve, an integral of any n-dimensional dynamical system as a curve in Euclidean n-space, the curvature of the trajectory — or the flow — may be analytically computed. Then, the location of the points where the curvature of the flow vanishes defines a manifold called flow curvature manifold. Such a manifold being defined from the time derivatives of the velocity vector field, contains information about the dynamics of the system, hence identifying the main features of the system such as fixed points and their stability, local bifurcations of codimension one, center manifold equation, normal forms, linear invariant manifolds (straight lines, planes, hyperplanes).In the case of singularly perturbed systems or slow-fast dynamical systems, the flow curvature manifold directly provides the slow invariant manifold analytical equation associated with such systems. Also, starting from the flow curvature manifold, it will be demonstrated how to find again the corresponding dynamical system, thus solving the inverse problem.Table of ContentsDifferential Equations; Hartman-Grobman Theorem; Liapounoff Stability Theorem; Phase Portraits; Poincare-Bendixson Theorem; Attractors; Strange Attractors; Hamiltonian and Integrable Systems; K A M Theorem; Invariant Sets; Global/Local Invariance; Center Manifold Theorem; Normal Form Theorem; Local Bifurcations of Codimension 1; Hopf Bifurcation, Slow-Fast Dynamical Systems; Geometric Singular Perturbation Theory; Darboux Theory of Integrability; Differential Geometry; Generalized Frenet Moving Frame; Curvatures of Trajectory Curves; Flow Curvature Manifold; Flow Curvature Method; Van der Pol Model; FitzHugh-Nagumo Model; Pikovskii-Rabinovich-Trakhtengerts Model; Rikitake Model; Chua's Model; Lorenz Model.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book gives a modern differential geometric treatment of linearly nonholonomically constrained systems. It discusses in detail what is meant by symmetry of such a system and gives a general theory of how to reduce such a symmetry using the concept of a differential space and the almost Poisson bracket structure of its algebra of smooth functions. The above theory is applied to the concrete example of Carathéodory's sleigh and the convex rolling rigid body. The qualitative behavior of the motion of the rolling disk is treated exhaustively and in detail. In particular, it classifies all motions of the disk, including those where the disk falls flat and those where it nearly falls flat.The geometric techniques described in this book for symmetry reduction have not appeared in any book before. Nor has the detailed description of the motion of the rolling disk. In this respect, the authors are trail-blazers in their respective fields.Table of ContentsNonholonomically Constrained Motions; Group Actions and Orbit Spaces; Symmetry and Reduction; Reconstruction, Relative Equilibria and Periodic Orbits; Caratheodory's Sleigh; Convex Rolling Rigid Body; The Rolling Disk.

Read more less

Book SynopsisSince the foundational work of Lagrange on the differential equation to be satisfied by a minimal surface of the Euclidean space, the theory of minimal submanifolds have undergone considerable developments, involving techniques from related areas, such as the analysis of partial differential equations and complex analysis. On the other hand, the relativity theory has led to the study of pseudo-Riemannian manifolds, which turns out to be the most general framework for the study of minimal submanifolds. However, most of the recent books on the subject still present the theory only in the Riemannian case.For the first time, this book provides a self-contained and accessible introduction to the subject in the general setting of pseudo-Riemannian geometry, only assuming from the reader some basic knowledge about manifold theory. Several classical results, such as the Weierstrass representation formula for minimal surfaces, and the minimizing properties of complex submanifolds, are presented in full generality without sacrificing the clarity of exposition. Finally, a number of very recent results on the subject, including the classification of equivariant minimal hypersurfaces in pseudo-Riemannian space forms and the characterization of minimal Lagrangian surfaces in some pseudo-Kähler manifolds are given.Table of ContentsPseudo-Riemannian Manifolds; Submanifolds; First and Second Variations of Volume; Minimal Submanifolds; Simple Examples of Minimal Surfaces; Weierstrass Representation Formulas for Spacelike and Timelike Minimal Surface in Euclidean Space of Arbitrary Dimension; Equivariant Minimal Hypersurfaces in Space Forms; Pseudo-Kahler Manifolds; Complex and Lagrangian Submanifolds; Examples of Minimal Lagrangian Submanifolds.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe aim of this book is to give an account of some important new developments in the study of the Yamabe problem on quaternionic contact manifolds. This book covers the conformally flat case of the quaternionic Heisenberg group or sphere, where complete and detailed proofs are given, together with a chapter on the conformal curvature tensor introduced very recently by the authors. The starting point of the considered problems is the well-known Folland-Stein Sobolev type embedding and its sharp form that is determined based on geometric analysis.This book also sits at the interface of the generalization of these fundamental questions motivated by the Carnot-Caratheodory geometry of quaternionic contact manifolds, which have been recently the focus of extensive research motivated by problems in analysis, geometry, mathematical physics and the applied sciences. Through the beautiful resolution of the Yamabe problem on model quaternionic contact spaces, the book serves as an introduction to this field for graduate students and novice researchers, and as a research monograph suitable for experts as well.Table of ContentsAnalysis: Variational Problems Related to Sobolev Inequalities on Carnot Groups; Groups of Heisenberg and Iwasawa Types Explicit Solutions to the Yamabe Equation; Symmetries Solutions on Groups of Iwasawa Type; Geometry: Quaternionic Contact Manifolds - Connection, Curvature and qc-Einstein Structures; Quaternionic Contact Conformal Curvature Tensor; The Quaternionic Contact Yamabe Pronlem and the Yamabe Constant of the qc Spheres; CR Manifolds - Cartan and Chern-Moser Tensor and Theorem.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe subject matter in this volume is Schwarz's Lemma which has become a crucial theme in many branches of research in mathematics for more than a hundred years to date. This volume of lecture notes focuses on its differential geometric developments by several excellent authors including, but not limited to, L Ahlfors, S S Chern, Y C Lu, S T Yau and H L Royden.This volume can be approached by a reader who has basic knowledge on complex analysis and Riemannian geometry. It contains major historic differential geometric generalizations on Schwarz's Lemma and provides the necessary information while making the whole volume as concise as ever.Table of ContentsMean-Value Properties; Maximum Principles; A Quick Introduction to Hermitian Geometry; Classical Schwarz's Lemma; Poincare' Distance and Metric; General Schwarz's Lemma by Ahlfors, Chern-Lu, Yau, Royden and Others; Almost Maximum Principle; Chern-Lu Formula; Very Recent Developments on Differential Geometric Schwarz's Lemma.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe first part of this book provides a self-contained and accessible introduction to the subject in the general setting of pseudo-Riemannian manifolds and their non-degenerate submanifolds, only assuming from the reader some basic knowledge about manifold theory. A number of recent results on pseudo-Riemannian submanifolds are also included.The second part of this book is on δ-invariants, which was introduced in the early 1990s by the author. The famous Nash embedding theorem published in 1956 was aimed for, in the hope that if Riemannian manifolds could be regarded as Riemannian submanifolds, this would then yield the opportunity to use extrinsic help. However, this hope had not been materialized as pointed out by M Gromov in his 1985 article published in Asterisque. The main reason for this is the lack of control of the extrinsic invariants of the submanifolds by known intrinsic invariants. In order to overcome such difficulties, as well as to provide answers for an open question on minimal immersions, the author introduced in the early 1990s new types of Riemannian invariants, known as δ-invariants, which are very different in nature from the classical Ricci and scalar curvatures. At the same time he was able to establish general optimal relations between δ-invariants and the main extrinsic invariants. Since then many new results concerning these δ-invariants have been obtained by many geometers. The second part of this book is to provide an extensive and comprehensive survey over this very active field of research done during the last two decades.Table of ContentsPseudo-Riemannian Manifolds; Pseudo-Riemannian Submanifolds; Warped Products and Twisted Products; Robertson-Walker Spacetimes; Hodge Theory and Elliptic Differential Operators; Submanifolds of Finite Type; Total Mean Curvature; δ-Invariants, Inequalities; Submanifolds of Kaehler Manifolds; Submanifolds of Para-Kaehler Manifolds; Pseudo-Riemannian Submersions; Affine Hypersurface; Contact Geometry; Applications of δ-Invariants; Applications to Relativity.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis volume contains the contributions by the main participants of the 2nd International Colloquium on Differential Geometry and its Related Fields (ICDG2010), held in Veliko Tarnovo, Bulgaria to exchange information on current topics in differential geometry, information geometry and applications. These contributions from active specialists in differential geometry provide significant information for research which cover geometric structures, concrete Lie group theory and information geometry. This volume is invaluable not only for researchers in this special area but also for those who are interested in interdisciplinary areas in differential geometry, complex analysis, probability theory and mathematical physics. It also serves as a good guide to graduate students in the field of differential geometry.Table of ContentsHomogeneous Einstein Metrics on Generalized Flag Manifolds (Y Sakane); Complex Lagrangian Cones in Hn (N Ejiri & K Tsukada); TYZ Expansions for Rotation Invariant Kaehler Manifold Forms (T Gramchev & A Loi); Geometry for q-Exponential Families (H Matsuzoe & A Ohara); Magnetic Jacobi Fields for Kaehler Magnetic Fields (T Adachi); Almost Paracontact Manifolds with Semi-Riemannian Metric pf Signature (n + 1, n) (G Nakova); On G2-Invariant Curves of Pure Imaginary Octonions (M Ohashi); Sasakian Magnetic Fields on Homogeneous Real Hypersurfaces (T Bao).

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book provides a comprehensive introduction to Finsler geometry in the language of present-day mathematics. Through Finsler geometry, it also introduces the reader to other structures and techniques of differential geometry.Prerequisites for reading the book are minimal: undergraduate linear algebra (over the reals) and analysis. The necessary concepts and tools of advanced linear algebra (over modules), point set topology, multivariable calculus and the rudiments of the theory of differential equations are integrated in the text. Basic manifold and bundle theories are treated concisely, carefully and (apart from proofs) in a self-contained manner.The backbone of the book is the detailed and original exposition of tangent bundle geometry, Ehresmann connections and sprays. It turns out that these structures are important not only in their own right and in the foundation of Finsler geometry, but they can be also regarded as the cornerstones of the huge edifice of Differential Geometry.The authors emphasize the conceptual aspects, but carefully elaborate calculative aspects as well (tensor derivations, graded derivations and covariant derivatives). Although they give preference to index-free methods, they also apply the techniques of traditional tensor calculus.Most proofs are elaborated in detail, which makes the book suitable for self-study. Nevertheless, the authors provide for more advanced readers as well by supplying them with adequate material, and the book may also serve as a reference.Table of ContentsModules, Algebras and Derivations; Manifolds and Bundles; Vector Fields, Tensors and Integration; Structures on Tangent Bundles; Sprays and Lagrangians; Covariant Derivatives; Theory of Ehresmann Connections; Geometry of Spray Manifolds; Finsler Norms and Finsler Functions.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe aim of the Sino-Japan Conference of Young Mathematicians was to provide a forum for presenting and discussing recent trends and developments in differential equations and their applications, as well as to promote scientific exchanges and collaborations among young mathematicians both from China and Japan.The topics discussed in this proceedings include mean curvature flows, KAM theory, N-body problems, flows on Riemannian manifolds, hyperbolic systems, vortices, water waves, and reaction diffusion systems.Table of ContentsA Spectral Theory of Linear Operators on Rigged Hilbert Spaces under Certain Analyticity Conditions (H Chiba); Computer-assisted Uniqueness Proof for Stokes' Wave of Extreme Form (K Kobayashi); The Spreading of a New Species with Free Boundaries (X Liu and B Lou); The Nonlinear "Hot Spots" Conjecture in Balls of S2 and H2 (Y Miyamoto); Averaged Properties along Unstable Periodic Orbits of the Kuramoto - Sivashinsky Equation (Y Saiki and M Yamada); Action Minimizing Periodic Solutions in the N-Body Problem (M Shibayama); Mathematical Modelling and Analysis of Droplet Motion on Obstacles (K Svadlenka); Introduction to Varifold and Its Curvature Flow (Y Tonegawa); Weak KAM Theory in Time-Periodic Lagrangian System (K-Z Wang and J Yan); KP Approximation to the 3-D Water Wave Equations with Surface Tension (M Ming, P Zhang and Z-F Zhang); and other papers.

Read more less

Book SynopsisStochastic analysis on Riemannian manifolds without boundary has been well established. However, the analysis for reflecting diffusion processes and sub-elliptic diffusion processes is far from complete. This book contains recent advances in this direction along with new ideas and efficient arguments, which are crucial for further developments. Many results contained here (for example, the formula of the curvature using derivatives of the semigroup) are new among existing monographs even in the case without boundary.Table of ContentsDiffusion Processes on Riemannian Manifolds; Reflecting Diffusion Processes on Riemannian Manifolds with Boundary; Coupling and Applications; Harnack Inequalities and Applications; Functional Inequalities and Applications; Formulae for the Curvature and Second Fundamental Form; Equivalent Semigroup Inequalities for the Lower Bounds of Curvature and Second Fundamental Form; Modified Curvature and Applications; Robin Semigroup and Applications; Stochastic Analysis on the Path Space Over Manifolds with Boundary; Subelliptic Diffusion Processes.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis volume consists of contributions by the main participants of the 3rd International Colloquium on Differential Geometry and its Related Fields (ICDG2012), which was held in Veliko Tarnovo, Bulgaria. Readers will find original papers by specialists and well-organized reports of recent developments in the fields of differential geometry, complex analysis, information geometry, mathematical physics and coding theory. This volume provides significant information that will be useful to researchers and serves as a good guide for young scientists. It is also for those who wish to start investigating these topics and interested in their interdisciplinary areas.Table of ContentsHomogeneous Einstein Metrics on Generalized Flag Manifolds (Arvanitoyeorgos, Chrysikos & Sakane); Statistical Manifolds and Geometry of Estimating Functions (Matsuzoe); Dynamical Systematic Aspect of Horocyclic Circles in a Complex Hyperbolic Space (Adachi); Geometry of Biharmonic Maps (Urakawa); On a Moduli Theory of Minimal Surfaces (Ejiri & Shoda); Wave Equations, Integral Transforms and Twister Theory on Indefinite Geometry (Nakata); Volume Densities of Trajectory-Balls and Trajectory-Spheres for Kaehler Magnetic Fields (Bai).

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis volume is a compilation of new results and surveys on the current state of some aspects of the foliation theory presented during the conference “FOLIATIONS 2012”. It contains recent materials on foliation theory which is related to differential geometry, the theory of dynamical systems and differential topology. Both the original research and survey articles found in here should inspire students and researchers interested in foliation theory and the related fields to plan his/her further research.Table of ContentsCharacterization of the Uniform Perfectness of Diffeomorphism Groups Preserving a Submanifold (Kojun Abe and Kazuhiko Fukui); Integral Formulas in Foliations Theory (Krzysztof Andrzejewski, Vladimir Rovenski and Pawel Walczak); On Linear Independence of Classes in H*(WUq) (Taro Asuke); Recent Progress in Geometric Foliation Theory (Marek Badura and Maciej Czarnecki); A Class of Dimensional Type Estimations of Topological Entropy of Groups and Pseudo Groups (Andrzej Bis); The Sutured Thurston Norm (John Cantwell and Lawrence Conlon); Transverse in Variant Measures Extend to the Ambient Space (Carlos Menino Coton); On a Poincare Lemma for Foliations (Eva Miranda and Romero Solha); Foliations of mathbb{S}3 by Dupin Cyclides (Remi Langevin and Jean-Claude Sifre); Compact Generation for Topological Groupoids (Nicolas Raimbaud); Prescribing the Positive Mixed Scalar Curvature of Totally Geodesic Foliations (Vladimir Rovenski and Leonid Zelenko); Spectral Properties of Dirac-Type Operators Defined on Foliated Manifolds (Vladimir Slesar); Tautness and the Godbillon - Vey Class of Foliations (Pawel Walczak); Local and Global Stability of Leaves of Conformal Foliations (Nina I Zhukova); Problem Session - FOLIATIONS2012 (Steven Hurder).

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis volume is a compilation of papers presented at the conference on differential geometry, in particular, minimal surfaces, real hypersurfaces of a non-flat complex space form, submanifolds of symmetric spaces and curve theory. It also contains new results or brief surveys in these areas. This volume provides fundamental knowledge to readers (such as differential geometers) who are interested in the theory of real hypersurfaces in a non-flat complex space form.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis is a book that the author wishes had been available to him when he was student. It reflects his interest in knowing (like expert mathematicians) the most relevant mathematics for theoretical physics, but in the style of physicists. This means that one is not facing the study of a collection of definitions, remarks, theorems, corollaries, lemmas, etc. but a narrative — almost like a story being told — that does not impede sophistication and deep results.It covers differential geometry far beyond what general relativists perceive they need to know. And it introduces readers to other areas of mathematics that are of interest to physicists and mathematicians, but are largely overlooked. Among these is Clifford Algebra and its uses in conjunction with differential forms and moving frames. It opens new research vistas that expand the subject matter.In an appendix on the classical theory of curves and surfaces, the author slashes not only the main proofs of the traditional approach, which uses vector calculus, but even existing treatments that also use differential forms for the same purpose.Table of ContentsIntroduction: Orientations; Tools: Differential Forms; Vector Spaces and Tensor Products; Exterior Differentiation; Two Klein Geometries: Affine Klein Geometry; Euclidean Klein Geometry; Cartan Connections: Generalized Geometry Made Simple; Affine Connections; Euclidean Connections; Riemannian Spaces and Pseudo-Spaces; The Future?: Extensions of Cartan; Understand the Past to Imagine the Future; A Book of Farewells.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book is a collection of papers in memory of Gu Chaohao on the subjects of Differential Geometry, Partial Differential Equations and Mathematical Physics that Gu Chaohao made great contributions to with all his intelligence during his lifetime.All contributors to this book are close friends, colleagues and students of Gu Chaohao. They are all excellent experts among whom there are 9 members of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Therefore this book will provide some important information on the frontiers of the related subjects.Table of ContentsA Profile of the Late Professor Gu Chaohao (Tatsien Li); In Memory of Professor Gu Chaohao (Xiaqi Ding); In Memory of Professor Gu Chaohao (Gongqing Zhang (Kung-Ching Chang)); Stability of E-H Mach Configuration In Pseudo-Steady Compressible Flow (Shuxing Chen); Incompressible Viscous Fluid Flows with Slip Boundary Conditions and Their Numerical Simulations (Ben-yu Guo); Global Existence and Uniqueness of the Solution for the Generalized Schrodinger-KdV System (Boling Guo, Bolin Ma & Jingjun Zhang); Anomaly Cancellation and Modularity (Fei Han, Kefeng Liu & Weiping Zhang); On Interior Estimates for Mean Curvature of Convex Surfaces in R3 and Its Applications (Jiaxing Hong); Geometric Invariant Theory of the Space - A Modern Approach to Solid Geometry (Wuyi Hsiang); Optimal Convergence Rate of the Binomial Tree Scheme for American Options and Their Free Boundaries (Lishang Jiang & Jin Liang); Rademacher Function, Jacobi Symbols, Quantum and Classical Invariants of Lens Spaces (Bang-He Li & Tian-Jin Li); Historical Review on the Roles of Mathematics in the Study of Aerodynamics in the 20th Century (Jiachun Li); Toward Chern - Simons Theory of Complexes on Calabi - Yau Threefolds (Jun Li); Exact Boundary Synchronization for a Coupled System of Wave Equations (Tatsien Li); Scaling Limit for Compressible Viscoelastic Fluids (Fang-Hua Lin & Xianpeng Hu); Uniqueness Modulo Reduction of Bergman Meromorphic Compactifications of Canonically Embeddable Bergman Manifolds (Ngaiming Mok); The Application of Conditional Nonlinear Optimal Perturbation to Targeted Observations for Tropical Cyclone Prediction (Mu Mu, Feifan Zhou, Xiaohao Qin & Boyu Chen); Isometric Immersions in Minkowski Spaces (Yibing Shen); Remarks on Volume Growth for Minimal Graphs in Higher Codimension (Yuanlong Xin); Separation of Variables for the Lax Pair of the Bogomolny Equation in 2+1 Dimensional Anti-de Sitter Space-Time (Zixiang Zhou).

Read more less

Book SynopsisDifferential Geometry from a Singularity Theory Viewpoint provides a new look at the fascinating and classical subject of the differential geometry of surfaces in Euclidean spaces. The book uses singularity theory to capture some key geometric features of surfaces. It describes the theory of contact and its link with the theory of caustics and wavefronts. It then uses the powerful techniques of these theories to deduce geometric information about surfaces embedded in 3, 4 and 5-dimensional Euclidean spaces. The book also includes recent work of the authors and their collaborators on the geometry of sub-manifolds in Minkowski spaces.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book provides definitions and mathematical derivations of fundamental relationships of tensor analysis encountered in nonlinear continuum mechanics and continuum physics, with a focus on finite deformation kinematics and classical differential geometry. Of particular interest are anholonomic aspects arising from a multiplicative decomposition of the deformation gradient into two terms, neither of which in isolation necessarily obeys the integrability conditions satisfied by the gradient of a smooth vector field. The concise format emphasizes clarity and ease of reference, and detailed step-by-step derivations of most analytical results are provided.Table of ContentsIntroduction; Geometric Fundamentals; Kinematics of Integrable Deformation; Geometry of Anholonomic Deformation; Kinematics of Anholonomic Deformation; List of Symbols; References; Index;

Read more less

Book SynopsisDuring the last four decades, there were numerous important developments on total mean curvature and the theory of finite type submanifolds. This unique and expanded second edition comprises a comprehensive account of the latest updates and new results that cover total mean curvature and submanifolds of finite type. The longstanding biharmonic conjecture of the author's and the generalized biharmonic conjectures are also presented in details. This book will be of use to graduate students and researchers in the field of geometry.Table of ContentsDifferentiable Manifolds; Riemannian and Pseudo-Riemannian Manifolds; Hodge Theory and Spectral Geometry; Submanifolds; Total Mean Curvature; Submanifolds of Finite Type; Biharmonic Submanifolds and Biharmonic Conjectures; lambda-biharmonic and Null 2-type Submanifolds; Applications of Finite Type Theory; Additional Topics in Finite Type Theory;

Read more less

Book SynopsisDuring the last four decades, there were numerous important developments on total mean curvature and the theory of finite type submanifolds. This unique and expanded second edition comprises a comprehensive account of the latest updates and new results that cover total mean curvature and submanifolds of finite type. The longstanding biharmonic conjecture of the author's and the generalized biharmonic conjectures are also presented in details. This book will be of use to graduate students and researchers in the field of geometry.Table of ContentsDifferentiable Manifolds; Riemannian and Pseudo-Riemannian Manifolds; Hodge Theory and Spectral Geometry; Submanifolds; Total Mean Curvature; Submanifolds of Finite Type; Biharmonic Submanifolds and Biharmonic Conjectures; lambda-biharmonic and Null 2-type Submanifolds; Applications of Finite Type Theory; Additional Topics in Finite Type Theory;

Read more less

Book SynopsisNonabelian multiplicative integration on curves is a classical theory. This volume is about the 2-dimensional case, which is much more difficult. In our construction, the setup is a Lie crossed module: there is a Lie group H, together with an action on it by another Lie group G. The multiplicative integral is an element of H, and it is the limit of Riemann products. Each Riemann product involves a fractal decomposition of the surface into kites (triangles with strings connecting them to the base point). There is a twisting of the integrand, that comes from a 1-dimensional multiplicative integral along the strings, with values in the group G.The main result of this work is the 3-dimensional nonabelian Stokes theorem. This result is new; only a special case of it was predicted (without proof) in papers in mathematical physics. Our constructions and proofs are of a straightforward nature. There are plenty of illustrations to clarify the geometric constructions.Our volume touches on some of the central issues (e.g., descent for nonabelian gerbes) in an unusually down-to-earth manner, involving analysis, differential geometry, combinatorics and Lie theory — instead of the 2-categories and 2-functors that other authors prefer.Table of ContentsIntroduction; Polyhedra and Piecewise Smooth Geometry; Estimates for the Nonabelian Exponential Map; Multiplicative Integration in Dimension 1; Multiplicative Integration in Dimension 2; Quasi Crossed Modules and Additive Feedback; Stokes Theorem in Dimension 2; Square Puzzles; Stokes Theorem in Dimension 3; Multiplicative Integration on Triangular Kites; References; Appendix: Lecture Notes (edited);

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe book introduces the basic notions in Symplectic and Contact Geometry at the level of the second year graduate student. It also contains many exercises, some of which are solved only in the last chapter.We begin with the linear theory, then give the definition of symplectic manifolds and some basic examples, review advanced calculus, discuss Hamiltonian systems, tour rapidly group and the basics of contact geometry, and solve problems in chapter 8. The material just described can be used as a one semester course on Symplectic and Contact Geometry.The book contains also more advanced material, suitable to advanced graduate students and researchers.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis comprehensive book is an introduction to the basics of Finsler geometry with recent developments in its area. It includes local geometry as well as global geometry of Finsler manifolds.In Part I, the authors discuss differential manifolds, Finsler metrics, the Chern connection, Riemannian and non-Riemannian quantities. Part II is written for readers who would like to further their studies in Finsler geometry. It covers projective transformations, comparison theorems, fundamental group, minimal immersions, harmonic maps, Einstein metrics, conformal transformations, amongst other related topics. The authors made great efforts to ensure that the contents are accessible to senior undergraduate students, graduate students, mathematicians and scientists.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis volume contains contributions by the main participants of the 4th International Colloquium on Differential Geometry and its Related Fields (ICDG2014). These articles cover recent developments and are devoted mainly to the study of some geometric structures on manifolds and graphs. Readers will find a broad overview of differential geometry and its relationship to other fields in mathematics and physics.Table of ContentsPreface; Organizing Committees; Presentations; Einstein Metrics on the Symplectic Group Which are Not Naturally Reductive (Andreas Arvanitoyeorgos, Yusuke Sakane and Marina Statha); Laplacians for Finite Regular Kahler Graphs and for Their Dual Graphs (Toshiaki Adachi); S1-Invariant Einstein-Weyl Structure and Twistor Correspondence (Fuminori Nakata); A Family of Surfaces in E3 Given by an Over-Determined System (Naoya Ando); Some Remarks on Noncommutative Instantons (Nikolay A Ivanov); Almost CR Structure on the Twistor Space of a Quaternionic CR Manifold (Hiroyuki Kamada and Shin Nayatani); Five Dimensional Lie Groups Which are Almost Contact B-Metric Manifolds with Three Natural Connections (Miroslava Ivanova and Hristo Manev); On Hyperelliptic Minimal Surfaces with Even Genus (Norio Ejiri and Toshihiro Shoda); Laplacians of Kahler Graphs (Yaermaimaiti Tuerxunmaimaiti (Yarmamat Tursun)); Hopf Fibration and Cartan Imbedding of Type AI (Hideya Hashimoto and Kazuhiro Suzuki); On Totally Umbilical and Screen Totally Umbilical Radical Transversal Lightlike Hypersurfaces of Kahler-Norden Manifolds (Galia Nakova); Complex Statistical Manifolds and Complex Affine Immersions (Hiroshi Matsuzoe); A Method of Determining the SO(7)-Invariants for Curves in Im O by Their G2-Invariants (Misa Ohashi); Magnetic Jacobi Fields for Surface Magnetic Fields (Qingsong Shi); A Geometric Study on Laplace Transformed Curves (Milen J Hristov); Vector-Valued Laplace Transformation Applied to Rational Bezier Curves (Milen J Hristov);

Read more less

Book Synopsis'In a class populated by students who already have some exposure to the concept of a manifold, the presence of chapter 3 in this text may make for an unusual and interesting course. The primary function of this book will be as a text for a more conventional course in the classical theory of curves and surfaces.'MAA ReviewsThis engrossing volume on curve and surface theories is the result of many years of experience the authors have had with teaching the most essential aspects of this subject. The first half of the text is suitable for a university-level course, without the need for referencing other texts, as it is completely self-contained. More advanced material in the second half of the book, including appendices, also serves more experienced students well.Furthermore, this text is also suitable for a seminar for graduate students, and for self-study. It is written in a robust style that gives the student the opportunity to continue his study at a higher level beyond what a course would usually offer. Further material is included, for example, closed curves, enveloping curves, curves of constant width, the fundamental theorem of surface theory, constant mean curvature surfaces, and existence of curvature line coordinates.Surface theory from the viewpoint of manifolds theory is explained, and encompasses higher level material that is useful for the more advanced student. This includes, but is not limited to, indices of umbilics, properties of cycloids, existence of conformal coordinates, and characterizing conditions for singularities.In summary, this textbook succeeds in elucidating detailed explanations of fundamental material, where the most essential basic notions stand out clearly, but does not shy away from the more advanced topics needed for research in this field. It provides a large collection of mathematically rich supporting topics. Thus, it is an ideal first textbook in this field.

Read more less

Book Synopsis'In a class populated by students who already have some exposure to the concept of a manifold, the presence of chapter 3 in this text may make for an unusual and interesting course. The primary function of this book will be as a text for a more conventional course in the classical theory of curves and surfaces.'MAA ReviewsThis engrossing volume on curve and surface theories is the result of many years of experience the authors have had with teaching the most essential aspects of this subject. The first half of the text is suitable for a university-level course, without the need for referencing other texts, as it is completely self-contained. More advanced material in the second half of the book, including appendices, also serves more experienced students well.Furthermore, this text is also suitable for a seminar for graduate students, and for self-study. It is written in a robust style that gives the student the opportunity to continue his study at a higher level beyond what a course would usually offer. Further material is included, for example, closed curves, enveloping curves, curves of constant width, the fundamental theorem of surface theory, constant mean curvature surfaces, and existence of curvature line coordinates.Surface theory from the viewpoint of manifolds theory is explained, and encompasses higher level material that is useful for the more advanced student. This includes, but is not limited to, indices of umbilics, properties of cycloids, existence of conformal coordinates, and characterizing conditions for singularities.In summary, this textbook succeeds in elucidating detailed explanations of fundamental material, where the most essential basic notions stand out clearly, but does not shy away from the more advanced topics needed for research in this field. It provides a large collection of mathematically rich supporting topics. Thus, it is an ideal first textbook in this field.

Read more less