Crystallography Books
States Academic Press Crystallization: Processes and Applications
Book Synopsis
£107.38
States Academic Press Fundamentals of Crystallography
Book Synopsis
£110.88
Willford Press Introduction to Crystallography
Book Synopsis
£106.03
Royal Society of Chemistry Intermolecular Interactions in Crystals:
Book SynopsisThe field of crystal engineering concerns the design and synthesis of molecular crystals with desired properties. This requires an in-depth understanding of the intermolecular interactions within crystal structures. This new book brings together the latest information and theories about intermolecular bonding, providing an introductory text for graduates. The book is divided into three parts. The first part covers the nature, physical meaning and methods for identification and analysis of intermolecular bonds. The second part explains the different types of bond known to occur in molecular crystals, with each chapter written by a specialist in that specific bond type. The final part discusses the cooperativity effects of different bond types present in one solid. This comprehensive textbook will provide a valuable resource for all students and researchers in the field of crystallography, materials science and supramolecular chemistry.Table of ContentsSection 1: Theoretical Foundations of Intermolecular Interactions; Bonds and Intermolecular Interactions – The Return of Cohesion to Chemistry; Using Computational Quantum Chemistry as a Tool to Understand the Structure of Molecular Crystals and the Nature of their Intermolecular Interactions; Bonding in Organic Molecules and Condensed Phases. The Role of Repulsions; On Topological Atoms and Bonds; Quantitative Determination of the Nature of Intermolecular Bonds by EDA Analysis; Beyond QTAIM: NCI Indexes as a Tool to Reveal Intermolecular Bonds in Molecular Aggregates; Section 2: Spectroscopic and Database Information; Molecular Beam and Spectroscopic Techniques: Towards Fundamental Understanding of Intermolecular Interactions/Bonds; Solid-state NMR Techniques for the Study of Intermolecular Interactions; The Use of Databases in the Study of Intermolecular Interactions; Section 3: Isolated Intermolecular Interactions; Intermolecular Interactions in Crystals; The Nature of the Hydrogen Bond, from a Theoretical Perspective; The CH...p Hydrogen Bond; Hydrogen Bonds and Halogen Bonds – A Comparative Study; The Cation–p Interaction; Intramolecular Beryllium Bonds. Further Insights into Resonance Assistance Phenomena; On the Nature of Hydrogen–Hydrogen Bonding; Long, Multicenter Bonds in Radical Anion p-dimers; Section 4: Intermolecular Interactions in Crystals; Revealing the Intermolecular Bonds in Molecular Crystals Through Charge Density Methods; Noncovalent Interactions in Crystal Structures: Quantifying Cooperativity in Hydrogen and Halogen Bonds; Crystal Engineering: State of the Art and Open Challenges
£94.99
Royal Society of Chemistry Nucleation: A Transition State to the Directed
Book SynopsisThe crystallisation phase transformation process and the resulting creation of crystalline materials from liquid phase precursors are central to the science and process engineering of materials in their broadest sense. Crystallisation involves two distinct stages: nucleation and growth. Due to the nano-scale size domain within which the nucleation process functions it is a much less understood process compared to the growth process. As a result, elucidating the fundamental physics and chemistry that govern the formation and structure of the nucleation supra-molecular transition state remains one of the truly unresolved 'grand challenges' of the physical sciences. Following the Nucleation - A Transition State to the Directed Assembly of Materials: Faraday Discussion (April 2015), this book brings together the growing body of theoretical and experimental work. It assesses recent progress in this field, highlights on-going challenges, and discusses future work still needed.Table of ContentsMolecular self-assembly in nucleation; Nucleation kinetics and mechanisms; Solvent interactions as determinants in the nucleation pathway; Nucleation in complex multi-component and multi-phase systems;
£161.50
Royal Society of Chemistry Protein Crystallography: Challenges and Practical
Book SynopsisProtein crystallography has become vital to further understanding the structure and function of many complex biological systems. In recent years, structure determination has progressed tremendously however the quality of crystals and data sets can prevent the best results from being obtained. With contributions from world leading researchers whose software are used worldwide, this book provides a coherent approach on how to handle difficult crystallographic data and how to assess its quality. The chapters will cover all key aspects of protein crystallography, from instrumentation and data processing through to model building. This book also addresses challenges that protein crystallographers will face such as dealing with data from microcrystals and multi protein complexes. This book is ideal for both academics and researchers in industry looking for a comprehensive guide to protein crystallography.Table of ContentsProtein Crystallography: Faster, Smaller, Stronger; Practical Approaches for In Situ X-ray Crystallography: from High-throughput Screening to Serial Data Collection; Delivery of GPCR Crystals for Serial Femtosecond Crystallography; The Mesh&Collect Pipeline for the Collection of Multi-crystal Data Sets in Macromolecular Crystallography; Radiation Damage in Macromolecular Crystallography; Data Quality Analysis; Structure Determination at Low-resolution, Anisotropic Data and Crystal Twinning; Structure Determination and Refinement of Large Macromolecular Assemblies at Low Resolution; Crystallography with X-ray Free Electron Lasers
£151.05
Royal Society of Chemistry Pharmaceutical Crystallography: A Guide to
Book SynopsisThe pharmaceutical industry has become acutely aware of the importance of the solid state, but pharmaceutical scientists often lack specific training in topics related to solid-state structure and crystallography. This book provides needed support in this topical area. Taking an intuitive and informal approach to solid-state structure and crystallographic concepts, this book is written for anyone who needs a clear understanding of modern crystallography, with specific reference to small-molecule pharmaceutical solids. The author describes molecular crystals and crystal structures, symmetry, space groups, single-crystal and powder X-ray diffraction techniques and the analysis and interpretation of crystallographic data. Useful technical details are presented where necessary and case studies from the pharmaceutical literature put theory into a practical context. Written by an internationally leading figure and with its focus on molecular crystals, this book is equally applicable to chemists with a need to understand and apply X-ray crystal-structure determination.Table of ContentsPharmaceutical Solids; What Defines a Crystal?; Symmetry in Crystals; Space Groups; Planes and Crystal Morphology; Crystal Structures and Diffraction Patterns; Symmetry in Diffraction Patterns; Single-crystal X-ray Diffraction (Part 1); Single-crystal X-ray Diffraction (Part 2); Powder X-ray Diffraction; Solving X-ray Crystal Structures; Refining X-ray Crystal Structures; Disorder and Twinning; Crystallographic Results
£42.75
Royal Society of Chemistry Understanding Intermolecular Interactions in the
Book SynopsisTechnological and computational advances in the past decade have meant a vast increase in the study of crystalline matter in both organic, inorganic and organometallic molecules. These studies revealed information about the conformation of molecules and their coordination geometry as well as the role of intermolecular interactions in molecular packing especially in the presence of different intermolecular interactions in solids. This resulting knowledge plays a significant role in the design of improved medicinal, mechanical, and electronic properties of single and multi-component solids in their crystalline state. Understanding Intermolecular Interactions in the Solid State explores the different techniques used to investigate the interactions, including hydrogen and halogen bonds, lone pair–pi, and pi–pi interactions, and their role in crystal formation. From experimental to computational approaches, the book covers the latest techniques in crystallography, ranging from high pressure and in situ crystallization to crystal structure prediction and charge density analysis. Thus this book provides a strong introductory platform to those new to this field and an overview for those already working in the area. A useful resource for higher level undergraduates, postgraduates and researchers across crystal engineering, crystallography, physical chemistry, solid-state chemistry, supramolecular chemistry and materials science.Table of ContentsIntegrating Computed Crystal Energy Landscapes in Crystal Form Discovery and Characterisation; High Pressure Crystallography: Elucidating the Role of Intermolecular Interactions in Crystals of Organic and Coordination Compounds; Intermolecular Interactions in In situ Cryocrystallized Compounds; Experimental Electron Density Studies of Inorganic Solids; Experimental Charge Density Analysis in Organic Solids; Charge Density Studies and Topological Analysis of Hydrogen Bonds in Proteins; Towards a Generalized Database of Atomic Polarizabilities; Solid-state NMR in the Study of Intermolecular Interactions; Quantitative Analysis of Weak Non-covalent σ-Hole and π-Hole Interactions
£160.55
Royal Society of Chemistry Co-crystals: Preparation, Characterization and
Book SynopsisMulti-component crystalline systems or co-crystals have received tremendous attention from academia and industry alike in the past decade. Applications of co-crystals are varied and are likely to positively impact a wide range of industries dealing with molecular solids. Co-crystallization has been used to improve the properties and performance of materials from pharmaceuticals to energetic materials, as well as for separation of compounds. This book combines co-crystal applications of commercial and practical interest from diverse fields in to a single volume. It also examines effective structural design of co-crystals, and provides insights into practical synthesis and characterization techniques. Providing a useful resource for postgraduate students new to applied co-crystal research and crystal engineering, it will also be of interest to established researchers in academia or industry.Trade ReviewI would say that one would be able to access information—and again I say, in a fast moving field—from this book far easier than using a panoply of computer aided information gathering methods. In this respect, this particular volume is a success and I congratulate the editors and the authors. -- Gautam R. Desiraju, Indian Institute of Science, India * Acta Cryst., 2019, B75, 914–915, https://doi.org/10.1107/S2052520619012642 *The editors of the present book on cocrystals have done an admirable job and have even exceeded expectations in providing us with a timely and extremely useful book - and this is an added challenge - in a fast moving area of fundamental and practical importance. -- Gautam R. Desiraju, Indian Institue of Science, India * Acta Cryst., 2019, B75, 914–915, https://doi.org/10.1107/S2052520619012642 *Table of ContentsCo-crystals: Introduction and Scope; The Role of Hydrogen Bonding in Co-crystals; Design and Structural Chemistry of Halogen-bonded Co-crystals; Mechanochemistry in Co-crystal Synthesis; Pharmaceutical Co-crystals—Molecular Design and Process Development; Co-crystallization of Energetic Materials; Paramagnetic Organic Co-crystals of Neutral or Ionic Radicals; Hydrogen-bonded Semiconductor Co-crystals; Co-crystallization as a Versatile Tool in Separations Technology
£151.05
Royal Society of Chemistry Methods and Applications of Crystal Structure
Book SynopsisThe prediction of crystal structures from first principles has been one of the grand challenges for computational methods in chemistry and materials science. The goal of being able to reliably predict crystal structures at an atomistic level of detail, given only the chemical composition as input, presents several challenges. A solution to the crystal structure prediction challenge requires advances in several areas of computational chemistry. Theoretical chemists have naturally been drawn to these challenges from an academic perspective, while the development of methods for solving the problem of crystal structure prediction has also been motivated by a growing range of applications where reliable structure prediction is sought and could guide experimentation. Crystal structure predictions have been used to study organic molecules such as polymorphism of pharmaceutical molecules, where changes in crystal form can lead to changes in important physical and chemical properties, which must be strictly controlled in a pharmaceutical product, or inorganic materials where the discovery and computational design of new materials with targeted properties, such as porosity, electronic or mechanical properties are necessary. However, the communities addressing methods and applications in organic and inorganic crystal structure prediction have largely remained separate, due to the different approaches that have been used in these two areas. The community as a whole will benefit from the cross-fertilisation of ideas and methods in this volume, as well as from bringing theoreticians together with interested experimentalists. The volume will appeal to researchers from computational chemistry, informatics, physics (applying solid state electronic structure methods) and materials science in the development of methods. Applications of the methods also cover several fields, including crystallography, crystal engineering, mineralogy and pharmaceutical materials. This volume gathers key researchers representing the full scientific scope of the topic, including the developers of methods and software, those developing the application of the methods and interested experimentalists who may benefit from advances in predictive computational methods. In this volume the topics covered include: Structure searching methods Crystal structure evaluation: calculating relative stabilities and other criteria Applications of crystal structure prediction – organic molecular structures Applications of crystal structure prediction – inorganic and network structuresTable of ContentsStructure searching methods; Crystal structure evaluation: calculating relative stabilities and other criteria; Applications of crystal structure prediction – organic molecular structures; Applications of crystal structure prediction – inorganic and network structures
£161.50
Royal Society of Chemistry The Handbook of Continuous Crystallization
Book SynopsisContinuous crystallization is an area of intense research, with particular respect to the pharmaceutical industry and fine chemicals. Improvements in continuous crystallization technologies offer chemical industries significant financial gains, through reduced expenditure and operational costs, and consistent product quality. Written by well-known leaders in the field, The Handbook of Continuous Crystallization presents fundamental and applied knowledge, with attention paid to application and scaling up, and the burgeoning area of process intensification. Beginning with concepts around crystallization techniques and control strategies, the reader will learn about experimental methods and computational tools. Case studies spanning fine and bulk chemicals, the pharmaceutical industry, and employing new mathematical tools, put theory into context.Table of ContentsNucleation and Crystal Growth in Continuous Crystallization; Fundamentals of Population Balance Based Crystallization Process Modeling; Continuous Crystallisation With Oscillatory Baffled Crystalliser Technology; Process Control; Slug-flow Continuous Crystallization: Fundamentals and Process Intensification; Continuous Crystallization of Bulk and Fine Chemicals; Process Intensification in Continuous Crystallization; Continuous Melt Crystallization; Continuous Enantioselective Crystallization of Chiral Compounds; Continuous Isolation of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients; Continuous Eutectic Freeze Crystallization; Economic Analysis of Continuous Crystallization; Digital Design and operation of Continuous Crystallization Processes via Mechanistic Modelling Tools
£118.75
World Scientific Publishing Company The Essence of Crystallography
Book Synopsis
£52.25
Royal Society of Chemistry Modern NMR Crystallography
Book Synopsis
£208.05
RSC Publishing NMR Crystallography
Book SynopsisA fundamental cornerstone of physical chemistry is knowledge of the structure of the chemical system in question. For the study of solid materials, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and diffraction techniques are two of the most widely used structural probes in the physical chemistry toolkit and continue to see advances in hardware and methodology. Alongside this, first-principles density-functional theory (DFT) calculations can provide a vital link between structural information from diffraction and NMR spectroscopy. The combination of these approaches, termed NMR crystallography, has become widely used to characterise structure, disorder and dynamics of solid materials in many areas of physical chemistry. In recent years, applications of NMR crystallography have increased significantly due to ?black boxifying? of the computational tools, allowing this approach to be used by experts and non-specialists alike. This volume brings together physical chemistry researchers to discuss emerging computational and experimental methods in the field of NMR crystallography, as well as the current limitations and challenges that need to be overcome to broaden applications to increasingly complex materials.In this volume the topics covered include: Big Data and Simulations in NMR Crystallography Challenges and Opportunities for NMR Calculations Generating Models that Describe Complex Disorder Understanding Dynamics and Mechanisms
£161.50
Octopus Publishing Group The Crystal Almanac
Book SynopsisEmbrace the energy of crystals throughout the changing seasonsThroughout the year, the energies around us vary dramatically. Working with crystals is all about bringing specific energies into our life, so it''s important to be connected with these natural cycles, to ensure we''re bringing balance, peace and healing into our lives in our crystal work.In The Crystal Almanac, certified Crystal Healer Gemma Petherbridge teaches you how the seasons might feel or play out, the emotional shifts that can happen throughout the year, and how changing energies can affect our mood, happiness and even our manifestation skills. Discover the Sabbats and celebrations, moon phases, astrological cycles and deities related to each season and learn how you can use this knowledge to support and enhance your crystal work. Featuring crystal activities tailored to every month, this book will help to bring you into alignment with the natural world.For each month you wil
£13.59
Imperial College Press Flexoelectricity In Liquid Crystals: Theory,
Book SynopsisThe book intends to give a state-of-the-art overview of flexoelectricity, a linear physical coupling between mechanical (orientational) deformations and electric polarization, which is specific to systems with orientational order, such as liquid crystals.Chapters written by experts in the field shed light on theoretical as well as experimental aspects of research carried out since the discovery of flexoelectricity. Besides a common macroscopic (continuum) description the microscopic theory of flexoelectricity is also addressed. Electro-optic effects due to or modified by flexoelectricity as well as various (direct and indirect) measurement methods are discussed. Special emphasis is given to the role of flexoelectricity in pattern-forming instabilities.While the main focus of the book lies in flexoelectricity in nematic liquid crystals, peculiarities of other mesophases (bent-core systems, cholesterics, and smectics) are also reviewed. Flexoelectricity has relevance to biological (living) systems and can also offer possibilities for technical applications. The basics of these two interdisciplinary fields are also summarized.Table of ContentsPreface - the Concept of Flexoelectricity (R Meyer); Molecular Theory of Flexoelectricity in Nematics (M Osipov); Flexoelectro-optics and Measurements of Flexocoefficients (N V Madhusudana); Flexoelectricity of Bent Core Molecules (A Jakli & N Aeber); The Role of Flexoelectricity in Pattern Formation (A Buka et al.); Flexoelectro-optic Chiral Nematic Based Devices and Displays (H Coles & S Morris); Flexoelectricity in Chiral Polar Smectics - The Origin of Interactions to Distant Layers (M Cepic); Flexoelectricity in Biological and Lyotropic Systems (A Petrov); Applications of the Flexoelectric Effect (S T Lagerwall & P Rudquist).
£90.00
ISTE Ltd and John Wiley & Sons Inc Combined Analysis
Book SynopsisThis book introduces and details the key facets of Combined Analysis—an x-ray and/or neutron scattering methodology which combines structural, textural, stress, microstructural, phase, layer, or other relevant variable or property analyses in a single approach. The author starts with basic theories related to diffraction by polycrystals and some of the most common combined analysis instrumental set-ups are detailed. Powder diffraction data treatment is introduced and in particular, the Rietveld analysis is discussed. The book also addresses automatic phase indexing—a necessary step to solve a structure ab initio. Since its effect prevails on real samples where textures are often stabilized, quantitative texture analysis is also detailed. Also discussed are microstructures of powder diffraction profiles; quantitative phase analysis from the Rietveld analysis; residual stress analysis for isotropic and anisotropic materials; specular x-ray reflectivity, and the various associated models. Finally, the book introduces the combined analysis concept, showing how it is superior to the view presented when we look at only one part of the analyses. This book shows that the existence of texture in a specimen can be envisaged as a way to decouple ordinarily strongly correlated parameters, as measured for instance in powder diagrams, and to examine and detail deeper material characterizations in a single methodology.Table of ContentsIntroduction xiii Acknowledgements xvii Chapter 1. Some Basic Notions About Powder Diffraction 1 1.1. Crystallite, grain, polycrystal and powder 1 1.2. Bragg’s law and harmonic reflections 2 1.3. Geometric conditions of diffraction, Ewald sphere 4 1.4. Imperfect powders 5 1.5. Main diffraction line profile components 6 1.6. Peak profile parameters 11 1.7. Modeling of the diffraction peaks 11 1.8. Experimental geometry 22 1.9. Intensity calibration (flat-field) 26 1.10. Standard samples 32 1.11. Probed thickness (penetration depth) 36 Chapter 2. Structure Refinement by Diffraction Profile Adjustment (Rietveld Method) 41 2.1. Principle of the Rietveld method 41 2.2. Rietveld-based codes 43 2.3. Parameter modeling 44 2.4. Crystal structure databases 71 2.5. Reliability factors in profile refinements 71 2.6. Parameter exactness 75 2.7. The Le Bail method 75 2.8. Refinement procedures 76 2.9. Refinement strategy 81 2.10. Structural determination by diffraction 82 Chapter 3. Automatic Indexing of Powder Diagrams 91 3.1. Principle 91 3.2. Dichotomy approach 92 3.3. Criterions for quality 93 Chapter 4. Quantitative Texture Analysis 95 4.1. Classic texture analysis 95 4.2. Orientation distribution (OD) or orientation distribution function (ODF)131 4.3. Distribution density and normalization 140 4.4. Direct and normalized pole figures 140 4.5. Reduced pole figures 143 4.6. Fundamental equation of quantitative texture analysis 143 4.7. Resolution of the fundamental equation 150 4.8. OD refinement reliability estimators 161 4.9. Inverse pole figures 168 4.10. Texture strength factors 170 4.11. Texture programs 173 4.12. Limits of the classic texture analysis 176 4.13. Magnetic quantitative texture analysis (MQTA)178 4.14. Reciprocal space mapping (RSM)189 Chapter 5. Quantitative Microstructure Analysis 191 5.1. Introduction 191 5.2. Microstructure modeling (classic) 192 5.3. Bertaut-Warren-Averbach approach (Fourier analysis) 197 5.4. Anisotropic broadening: the Popa approach 204 5.5. Stacking and twin faults 212 5.6. Dislocations 214 5.7. Crystallite size distributions 217 5.8. Rietveld approach 219 Chapter 6. Quantitative Phase Analysis 221 6.1. Standardized experiments 221 6.2. Polycrystalline samples 221 6.3. Amorphous-crystalline aggregates 223 6.4. Detection Limit 225 Chapter 7. Residual Strain-Stress Analysis 227 7.1. Strain definitions 227 7.2. ?Ï33 strain determination 229 7.3. Complete strain tensor determination 230 7.4. Textured samples 232 Chapter 8. X-Ray Reflectivity 235 8.1. Introduction 235 8.2. X-rays and neutrons refractive index 238 8.3. The critical angle of reflection 240 8.4. Fresnel formalism (specular reflectivity) 241 8.5. Surface roughness 246 8.6. Matrix formalism (specular reflectivity) 250 8.7. Born approximation 251 8.8. Electron density profile 251 8.9. Multilayer reflectivity curves 252 8.10. Instrumental corrections 253 Chapter 9. Combined Structure-Texture-Microstructure-Stress-Phase Reflectivity Analysis 257 9.1. Initial queries 257 9.2. Implementation 261 9.3. Experimental set-up 264 9.4. Instrument calibration 264 9.5. Refinement strategy 269 9.6. Examples 272 Chapter 10. Macroscopic Anisotropic Properties 363 10.1. Aniso- and isotropic samples and properties 363 10.2. Macroscopic/microscopic properties 364 Bibliography 441 Glossary 483 Abbreviations 487 Mathematical Operators 489 Index 491
£194.70
ISTE Ltd and John Wiley & Sons Inc Plasticity of Crystalline Materials: From
Book SynopsisThis book details recent advances in all aspects related to scale transition in crystal plasticity and damage, with a particular focus on the challenges associated with the characterization and modeling of this class of complex interactions. The following topics are included: Innovative characterization techniques (multi-scale characterization, SEMTEM coupling, TEM-micro-diffraction coupling, in-situ mechanical tests, localization, image correlation, displacement field measurements, tomography, etc.). Computational crystal plasticity and damage (dislocation dynamics and ab initio calculations, microstructure evolution of polycrystals, comparison between FE, fast Fourier transform and self-consistent approaches, intragranular slip, heterogeneities, discrete approaches, etc.). The book gathers together selected papers from the invited lectures presented at the 3rd and 4th US-France Symposia organized by the editors under the auspices of the International Center for Applied Computational Mechanics (ICACM).
£135.80
Royal Society of Chemistry Molecular Modelling: Computational Chemistry
Book SynopsisThis book is a practical, easy to use guide for readers with limited experience of molecular modelling. It will provide students at the undergraduate and early postgraduate chemistry level with a similar entry to modelling. The needs of independent readers are catered for by the inclusion of instructions for acquiring and setting up a suitable computer. Unlike many other textbooks in this field, the authors avoid extensive discussion around complex mathematical foundations behind the methods, choosing instead to provide the reader with the choice of methods themselves. To further these aims of the book, compact discs are included that provide a comprehensive suite of modelling software and datasets. The continuing interest of the pharmaceutical industry in molecular modelling in early stage drug design is recognized by the inclusion of chapters Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Discovery. There is a chapter on modelling of the solid state, a subject that is also of importance for pharma, where problems due to polymorphism in the crystalline forms of drugs are often encountered in the later design stages.Table of ContentsIntroduction; Computers for Molecular Modelling; Software for Molecular Modelling and Computational Chemistry; Using INTERCHEM for molecular modelling; Molecular Modelling of Proteins and Nucleic acids; Essential Information on Crystal Structures; Solid State Molecular Modelling; The Source of Archived 3D Chemical Structure Information; Molecular Modelling and Medicinal Chemistry; Appendices.
£66.49
Royal Society of Chemistry Discrete Element Modelling of Particulate Media
Book SynopsisDiscrete Element Methods (DEM) is a numerical technique for analysing the mechanics and physics of particulate systems. Originated in the late seventies for analysing geotechnical problems, it has seen significant development and is now employed extensively across disciplines. Produced in celebration of the 70th Birthday of Colin Thornton, this book contains a selection of papers concerning advances in discrete element modelling which were presented at the International Symposium on Discrete Element Modelling of Particulate Media held at Birmingham, UK on 28-30th March, 2012. The book showcases the wide application of discrete element modelling in gas-solid fluidisation, particulate flows, liquid-solid systems and quasi-static behaviour. It also reports the recent advancement in coupled DEM with computational fluid dynamics, Lattice Boltzmann Methods for multiphase systems and the novel application of DEM in contact electrification and fracture of granular systems. Aimed at research communities dealing with this technique in the powder handling and formulation industries, this will be a welcomed addition to the literature in this area.Table of ContentsTwo-Phase Systems; Cohesive Systems; Granular Flows; Quasi-Static Deformation; Subject Index
£113.95
Royal Society of Chemistry Crystallisation - A Biological Perspective:
Book SynopsisThe last ten years have seen a revolution in our understanding of the mechanisms of biological crystal growth. While it had long been assumed that crystallisation would occur by the same classical mechanisms which form the basis for most descriptions of crystallisation processes, it is now becoming apparent that this is not the case. There are a number of key observations which have changed our view of crystallisation mechanisms. While it had long been assumed that crystalline biominerals typically form by ion-by-ion growth, it is now recognised that they often precipitate via amorphous precursor phases. This is well established for calcium carbonate and there is growing evidence that biogenic crystalline calcium phosphate phases may form via an analogous route. Recent re-examination of the structure of many calcium carbonate biominerals is also suggesting that "non-classical" crystallisation pathways, where crystals grow from the assembly of precursor particles, may also be widespread. Significantly, these mechanisms are not unique to the biological world. Possibly partly inspired by the identification of these biogenic mineralisation strategies, there is currently great interest from the general crystal growth community in these new and controversial ideas. A number of studies on crystal nucleation have recently re-examined classical nucleation theory, and the observation of pre-nucleation clusters is a recurrent theme of great interest. This controversial result apparently contradicts classical nucleation theory which leads the subject of crystal nucleation and growth via assembly to demand attention. The Scientific Committee warmly invites you to take part in this thought-provoking Discussion and looks forward to welcoming you to Leeds.Table of ContentsIntroductory Lecture: Spiers Memorial Lecture: Effect of interaction specificity on the phase behaviour of patchy particles; Amino acids form prenucleation clusters: ESI-MS as a fast detection method in comparison to analytical ultracentrifugation; Probing the structure and stability of calcium carbonate pre-nucleation clusters; Exploring the influence of organic species on pre- and post-nucleation calcium carbonate; Control of the nucleation of sickle cell hemoglobin polymers by free hematin; Structural evolution, formation pathways and energetic controls during template-directed nucleation of CaCO3; A two-step mechanism for crystal nucleation without supersaturation; General discussion; Phase behavior of colloidal silica rods; Inorganic salts direct the assembly of charged nanoparticles into composite nanoscopic spheres, plates, or needles; Real-space studies of the structure and dynamics of self-assembled colloidal clusters; Aggregation of ferrihydrite nanoparticles in aqueous systems; Biomimetic type morphologies of calcium carbonate grown in absence of additives; Computer simulation of soft matter at the growth front of a hard-matter phase: incorporation of polymers, formation of transient pits and growth arrest; General discussion; A metastable liquid precursor phase of calcium carbonate and its interactions with polyaspartate; The role of cluster formation and metastable liquid—liquid phase separation in protein crystallization; Polymer-induced liquid precursor (PILP) phases of calcium carbonate formed in the presence of synthetic acidic polypeptides—relevance to biomineralization; Precipitation of ACC in liposomes—a model for biomineralization in confined volumes; The role of the amorphous phase on the biomimetic mineralization of collagen; Revisiting geochemical controls on patterns of carbonate deposition through the lens of multiple pathways to mineralization; General discussion; Aragonite crystal orientation in mollusk shell nacre may depend on temperature. The angle spread of crystalline aragonite tablets records the water temperature at which nacre was deposited by Pinctada margaritifera; Merging models of biomineralisation with concepts of nonclassical crystallisation: is a liquid amorphous precursor involved in the formation of the prismatic layer of the Mediterranean Fan Mussel Pinna nobilis?; Oligomer formation, metalation, and the existence of aggregation-prone and mobile sequences within the intracrystalline protein family, Asprich; GSP-37, a novel goldfish scale matrix protein: identification, localization and functional analysis; CaCO3/Chitin hybrids: recombinant acidic peptides based on a peptide extracted from the exoskeleton of a crayfish controls the structures of the hybrids; General discussion; Concluding remarks; The thermodynamics of calcite nucleation at organic interfaces: Classical vs. non-classical pathways; Poster titles; list of participants; index of contributors
£151.05
Scion Publishing XRay Crystallography
Book Synopsis
£83.89
Tarquin Publications Crystal Models On the Type of an Ordinary Plait
£18.00
ISTE Ltd and John Wiley & Sons Inc X-Ray Diffraction by Polycrystalline Materials
Book SynopsisThis book presents a physical approach to the diffraction phenomenon and its applications in materials science. An historical background to the discovery of X-ray diffraction is first outlined. Next, Part 1 gives a description of the physical phenomenon of X-ray diffraction on perfect and imperfect crystals. Part 2 then provides a detailed analysis of the instruments used for the characterization of powdered materials or thin films. The description of the processing of measured signals and their results is also covered, as are recent developments relating to quantitative microstructural analysis of powders or epitaxial thin films on the basis of X-ray diffraction. Given the comprehensive coverage offered by this title, anyone involved in the field of X-ray diffraction and its applications will find this of great use.Table of ContentsPreface xi Acknowledgements xv An Historical Introduction: The Discovery of X-rays and the First Studies in X-ray Diffraction xvii Part 1. Basic Theoretical Elements, Instrumentation and Classical Interpretations of the Results 1 Chapter 1. Kinematic and Geometric Theories of X-ray Diffraction 3 1.1. Scattering by an atom 3 1.1.1. Scattering by a free electron 3 1.1.1.1. Coherent scattering: the Thomson formula 3 1.1.1.2. Incoherent scattering: Compton scattering [COM 23] 6 1.1.2. Scattering by a bound electron 8 1.1.3. Scattering by a multi-electron atom 11 1.2. Diffraction by an ideal crystal 14 1.2.1. A few elements of crystallography 14 1.2.1.1. Direct lattice 14 1.2.1.2. Reciprocal lattice 16 1.2.2. Kinematic theory of diffraction 17 1.2.2.1. Diffracted amplitude: structure factor and form factor 17 1.2.2.2. Diffracted intensity 18 1.2.2.3. Laue conditions [FRI 12] 22 1.2.3. Geometric theory of diffraction 23 1.2.3.1. Laue conditions 23 1.2.3.2. Bragg's law [BRA 13b, BRA 15] 24 1.2.3.3. The Ewald sphere 26 1.3. Diffraction by an ideally imperfect crystal 28 1.4. Diffraction by a polycrystalline sample 33 Chapter 2. Instrumentation used for X-ray Diffraction 39 2.1. The different elements of a diffractometer 39 2.1.1. X-ray sources 39 2.1.1.1. Crookes tubes 41 2.1.1.2. Coolidge tubes 42 2.1.1.3. High intensity tubes 47 2.1.1.4. Synchrotron radiation 49 2.1.2. Filters and monochromator crystals 52 2.1.2.1. Filters 52 2.1.2.2. Monochromator crystals 55 2.1.2.3. Multi-layered monochromators or mirrors 59 2.1.3. Detectors 62 2.1.3.1. Photographic film 62 2.1.3.2. Gas detectors 63 2.1.3.3. Solid detectors 68 2.2. Diffractometers designed for the study of powdered or bulk polycrystalline samples 72 2.2.1. The Debye-Scherrer and Hull diffractometer 73 2.2.1.1. The traditional Debye-Scherrer and Hull diffractometer 74 2.2.1.2. The modern Debye-Scherrer and Hill diffractometer: use of position sensitive detectors 76 2.2.2. Focusing diffractometers: Seeman and Bohlin diffractometers 87 2.2.2.1. Principle 87 2.2.2.2. The different configurations 88 2.2.3. Bragg-Brentano diffractometers 94 2.2.3.1. Principle 94 2.2.3.2. Description of the diffractometer; path of the X-ray beams 97 2.2.3.3. Depth and irradiated volume 103 2.2.4. Parallel geometry diffractometers 104 2.2.5. Diffractometers equipped with plane detectors 109 2.3. Diffractometers designed for the study of thin films 110 2.3.1. Fundamental problem 110 2.3.1.1. Introduction 110 2.3.1.2. Penetration depth and diffracted intensity 111 2.3.2. Conventional diffractometers designed for the study of polycrystalline films 116 2.3.3. Systems designed for the study of textured layers 118 2.3.4. High resolution diffractometers designed for the study of epitaxial films 120 2.3.5. Sample holder 123 2.4. An introduction to surface diffractometry 125 Chapter 3. Data Processing, Extracting Information 127 3.1. Peak profile: instrumental aberrations 129 3.1.1. X-ray source: g1(epsilon) 130 3.1.2. Slit: g2(epsilon) 130 3.1.3. Spectral width: g3(epsilon) 131 3.1.4. Axial divergence: g4(epsilon) 131 3.1.5. Transparency of the sample: g5(epsilon) 133 3.2. Instrumental resolution function 135 3.3. Fitting diffraction patterns 138 3.3.1. Fitting functions 138 3.3.1.1. Functions chosen a priori 138 3.3.1.2. Functions calculated from the physical characteristics of the diffractometer 143 3.3.2. Quality standards 144 3.3.3. Peak by peak fitting 145 3.3.4. Whole pattern fitting 147 3.3.4.1. Fitting with cell constraints 147 3.3.4.2. Structural simulation: the Rietveld method 147 3.4. The resulting characteristic values 150 3.4.1. Position 151 3.4.2. Integrated intensity 152 3.4.3. Intensity distribution: peak profiles 153 Chapter 4. Interpreting the Results 155 4.1. Phase identification 155 4.2. Quantitative phase analysis 158 4.2.1. Experimental problems 158 4.2.1.1. Number of diffracting grains and preferential orientation 158 4.2.1.2. Differential absorption 161 4.2.2. Methods for extracting the integrated intensity 162 4.2.2.1. Measurements based on peak by peak fitting 162 4.2.2.2. Measurements based on the whole fitting of the diagram 163 4.2.3. Quantitative analysis procedures 165 4.2.3.1. The direct method 165 4.2.3.2. External control samples 166 4.2.3.3. Internal control samples 166 4.3. Identification of the crystal system and refinement of the cell parameters 167 4.3.1. Identification of the crystal system: indexing 167 4.3.2. Refinement of the cell parameters 171 4.4. Introduction to structural analysis 172 4.4.1. General ideas and fundamental concepts 173 4.4.1.1. Relation between the integrated intensity and the electron density 173 4.4.1.2. Structural analysis 175 4.4.1.3. The Patterson function 177 4.4.1.4. Two-dimensional representations of the electron density distribution 180 4.4.2. Determining and refining structures based on diagrams produced with polycrystalline samples 183 4.4.2.1. Introduction 183 4.4.2.2. Measuring the integrated intensities and establishing a structural model 184 4.4.2.3. Structure refinement: the Rietveld method 185 Part 2. Microstructural Analysis 195 Chapter 5. Scattering and Diffraction on Imperfect Crystals 197 5.1. Punctual defects 197 5.1.1. Case of a crystal containing randomly placed vacancies causing no relaxation 198 5.1.2. Case of a crystal containing associated vacancies 201 5.1.3. Effects of atom position relaxations 203 5.2. Linear defects, dislocations 205 5.2.1. Comments on the displacement term 207 5.2.2. Comments on the contrast factor 210 5.2.3. Comments on the factor f(M) 212 5.3. Planar defects. 212 5.4. Volume defects 218 5.4.1. Size of the crystals 218 5.4.2. Microstrains 226 5.4.3. Effects of the grain size and of the microstrains on the peak profiles: Fourier analysis of the diffracted intensity distribution 231 Chapter 6. Microstructural Study of Randomly Oriented Polycrystalline Samples 235 6.1. Extracting the pure profile 236 6.1.1. Methods based on deconvolution 237 6.1.1.1. Constraint free deconvolution method: Stokes' method 238 6.1.1.2. Deconvolution by iteration 242 6.1.1.3. Stabilization methods 244 6.1.1.4. The maximum entropy or likelihood method, and the Bayesian method 244 6.1.1.5. Methods based on a priori assumptions on the profile 245 6.1.2. Convolutive methods 246 6.2. Microstructural study using the integral breadth method 247 6.2.1. The Williamson-Hall method 248 6.2.2. The modified Williamson-Hall method and Voigt function fitting 250 6.2.3. Study of size anisotropy 252 6.2.4. Measurement of stacking faults 255 6.2.5. Measurements of integral breadths by whole pattern fitting 257 6.3. Microstructural study by Fourier series analysis of the peak profiles 262 6.3.1. Direct analysis: the Bertaut-Warren-Averbach method 262 6.3.2. Indirect Fourier analysis 268 6.4. Microstructural study based on the modeling of the diffraction peak profiles 270 Chapter 7. Microstructural Study of Thin Films 275 7.1. Positioning and orienting the sample 276 7.2. Study of disoriented or textured polycrystalline films 279 7.2.1. Films comprised of randomly oriented crystals 279 7.2.2. Studying textured films 285 7.2.2.1. Determining the texture 285 7.2.2.2. Quantification of the crystallographic orientation: studying texture 289 7.3. Studying epitaxial films 292 7.3.1. Studying the crystallographic orientation and determining epitaxy relations 292 7.3.1.1. Measuring the normal orientation: rocking curves 293 7.3.1.2. Measuring the in-plane orientation: phi-scan 295 7.3.2. Microstructural studies of epitaxial films 300 7.3.2.1. Reciprocal space mapping and methodology 304 7.3.2.2. Quantitative microstructural study by fitting the intensity distributions with Voigt functions 307 7.3.2.3. Quantitative microstructural study by modeling of one-dimensional intensity distributions 312 Bibliography 319 Index 349
£194.70
Springer Nature Switzerland AG Crystallography: Introduction to the Study of
Book SynopsisThis textbook presents an extensive manual of crystallography, including geometric crystallography, crystallochemistry, and crystallophysics. Illustrated with a wealth of figures and diagrams, it offers a thorough introduction to crystals for undergraduate and graduate students interested in learning the essentials and advanced concepts of crystallography.The book begins with basic concepts such as the geometry, morphology and symmetry of lattices, allowing readers to approach the subject from a mathematical point of view, abstracting it from its material content. In turn, the second part focuses on crystallochemistry and explains the differences between ideal and real crystals, and between static and dynamic ones. The third part of the textbook concerns crystallophysics and addresses the electrical, magnetic, mechanical, elastic and optical properties of crystals, as well as the fundamental laws and methods of X-ray diffraction.Table of ContentsINTRODUCTION GEOMETRIC CRYSTALLOGRAPHY 1.- INTRODUCTION TO CRYSTALLOGRAPHY 2.- PERIODICITY, CRYSTAL LATTICE, SYMBOLS AND NOTATIONS 3.- LATTICES AND SYMMETRY 4.- POINT SYMMETRY5.- SPACE GROUPS CRYSTALLOCHEMISTRY 6.- CRYSTALLINE STRUCTURES. PACKING. COORDINATION 7.- BASIC MODELS OF CRYSTALLINE STRUCTURES 8.- DEFECTS. DISLOCATIONS. ISOMORPHISM 9.- POLYMORPHISM. POLYMORPHIC TRANSFORMATIONS. ORDER-DISORDER TRANSFORMATIONS CRYSTALPHYSIC 10.- RELATION BETWEEN SYMMETRY AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES 11.- INTERACTION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES WITH CRYSTALS 12.- CRYSTALS AND LIGHT 13.- THE POLARIZATION MICROSCOPE 14.- OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF TRANSPARENT CRYSTALS AND MINERALS 15.- OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF OPAQUE CRYSTALS AND MINERALS 16.- ELECTRICAL, MAGNETIC, MECHANICAL AND ELASTIC PROPERTIES 17.- CRYSTALS, MINERALS AND X-RAYS 18.- BIBLIOGRAPHY 19.- EXERCISES 20.- QUESTIONNAIRES 21.- APPENDIX
£71.24
De Gruyter Modern X-Ray Analysis on Single Crystals: A
Book SynopsisAn excellent book for professional crystallographers! In 2012 the crystallographic community celebrated 100 years of X-ray diffraction in honour of the pioneering experiment in 1912 by Max von Laue, Friedrich and Knipping. Experimental developments e.g. brilliant X-ray sources, area detection, and developments in computer hardware and software have led to increasing applications in X-ray analysis. This completely revised edition is a guide for practical work in X-ray analysis. An introduction to basic crystallography moves quickly to a practical and experimental treatment of structure analysis. Emphasis is placed on understanding results and avoiding pitfalls. Essential reading for researchers from the student to the professional level interested in understanding the structure of molecules.
£130.50
De Gruyter X-Ray Structure Analysis
£45.90
De Gruyter Intermetallics: Synthesis, Structure, Function
Book Synopsis
£58.95
De Gruyter Bioinorganic Chemistry: Some New Facets
Book Synopsis The book includes several topics as per Universities curriculum of M.Sc. and M.Phil. course work in Chemistry. This covers different Physiological aspects of Bioinorganic Chemistry in terms of 4 Chapters with in-depth and up-to-date coverage. The book symmetrically presents (i) Coordination chemistry of chlorophylls/bacteriochlophylls and its functional aspects in photosynthesis, (ii) Complexes containing nitric oxide: Synthesis, reactivity, structure, bonding, and therapeutic aspects of nitric oxide releasing molecules (NORMS) in human beings and plants, (iv) Complexes containing carbon monoxide: Synthesis, reactivity, structure, bonding, and therapeutic aspects of carbon monoxide releasing molecules (CORMS) in human beings and plants, and (iv) Advantageous role of gaseous signaling molecule, H2S: Hydrogen sulphide and their respective donors, in ophthalmic diseases and physiological implications in plants. At the end, three relevant topics are included as appendices for updating students and faculty members.
£61.28
de Gruyter Allgemeine Und Anorganische Chemie
Book Synopsis
£55.21
de Gruyter Molekülkristalle
Book Synopsis
£134.09
de Gruyter Microscopic Theory of Crystal Growth
Book Synopsis
£117.50
De Gruyter Selected Topics in Liquid Crystal Research
Book Synopsis
£111.62
de Gruyter Röntgenbeugung an Kristallen
Book Synopsis
£134.09
de Gruyter Elektronen Im Kristall
Book Synopsis
£134.09
de Gruyter Mathematische Methoden Der Texturanalyse
Book Synopsis
£134.09
de Gruyter Röntgenstrukturanalyse Von Kristallen
Book Synopsis
£134.09
de Gruyter Über Einige Optische Messungen Am Calciumfluorid
Book Synopsis
£134.09
Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH & Co. KG Krystallographische Winkeltabellen
Table of ContentsWinkeltabellen.- Erratum to: Winkeltabellen.- Erratum.
£43.69
Taylor & Francis Ltd Dynamics and Defects in Liquid Crystals: A
Book SynopsisDuring his distinguished scientific career, Alfred Saupe made important contributions to liquid crystal research, laying the groundwork on which much of the current knowledge and research in the physics of liquid crystals is based. This volume features papers presented by Prof. Saupe's colleagues, students and friends at a festschrift in honor of his 70th birthday. In addition, a selection of Prof. Saupe's articles are reprinted in the original German and in English translation, offering the reader a unique opportunity to see both the early work of this important scientist and widespread effect of that work on later discoveries in liquid crystal physics.Table of Contents1. Orientational Order in Nematics: Experiment, Theory and Simulation 2. Influence of Cholesteric Solvents on the Kinetics of Schiff Base Formation from Enantiomeric Amines 3. SMECTICS/AC: Critical behavior at the Smectic-A to Nematic Transition of Confined Liquid Crystal Mixtures 4. Macrostructures in Smectic Liquid Crystals 5. LCs AND POLYMERS: Freedericksz Transition Measurements on Polymer-Stabilized Liquid Crystal 6. Wavelength Selection in Slowly Quenched Systems 7. Selected Papers of Alfred Saupe 8. Electrically Induced Flows in Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals Films 9. CHOLESTERICS/BLUE PHASES: Flexoelectric Induced Vanishing of the Cholesteric Helix 10. HELIELECTRICS: FERRO/ANTIFERRO: A Pictorial Approach to Helical 11. NEMATICS: On the Role of Spherical Symmetry in the Maier-Saupe Theory 13. Dynamics of Giant Vesicles
£199.50
BIS Publishers B.V. Rock Your Life
Book SynopsisUnearth the fun with 'Rock Your Life'- a card deck for discovering the mystic and magical world of rocks and minerals.
£15.90
World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd Reconstructive Phase Transitions: In Crystals And
Book SynopsisThis book deals with the phenomenological theory of first-order structural phase transitions, with a special emphasis on reconstructive transformations in which a group-subgroup relationship between the symmetries of the phases is absent. It starts with a unified presentation of the current approach to first-order phase transitions, using the more recent results of the Landau theory of phase transitions and of the theory of singularities. A general theory of reconstructive phase transitions is then formulated, in which the structures surrounding a transition are expressed in terms of density-waves, providing a natural definition of the transition order-parameters, and a description of the corresponding phase diagrams and relevant physical properties. The applicability of the theory is illustrated by a large number of concrete examples pertaining to the various classes of reconstructive transitions: allotropic transformations of the elements, displacive and order-disorder transformations in metals, alloys and related structures, crystal-quasicrystal transformations.Table of ContentsPhenomenological theory of first-order phase transitions; density-wave theory of reconstructive transitions; displacive reconstructive phase transitions; ordering-type reconstructive phase transitions; the crystal-quasicrystal reconstructive phase transition; theory of group representations and structural phase transitions; reconstructive phase transitions and the periodic classification of the elements.
£96.30
World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd Statistical Physics Of Crystal Growth
Book SynopsisThis book gives a systematic overview on the scientific fundamentals of crystal growth from the classical phenomenological description to the recent theoretical contributions of statistical physics such as studies on surface roughening and on the pattern formation in the diffusion-limited growth.The book emphasizes physical concepts as well as mathematical details, and is intended to serve as lecture notes for postgraduate courses.Table of ContentsIdeal growth laws; statistical mechanics of surface; kinetics-limited growth; diffusion-limited growth - pattern formation; appendices - more on surface roughening, advance rate of a circular step, advance velocity of a spiral step, parabolic coordinate, dendritic growth, eutectic growth theory by Jackson and Hunt.
£34.20
World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd Applied Crystallography - Proceedings Of The Xvii
Book SynopsisThis proceedings volume contains research data on structural investigation of materials of high industrial value. In particular, the following issues are discussed: phase characterization by diffraction methods, application of direct methods for solving crystal structure from powder diffraction, electron crystallography, Rietveld method application, defects and substructure analysis in materials, new X-ray methods, small angle scattering studies of crystalline and amorphous solids, phase transformation studies including crystallography of the reversible martensitic transformation, structure of noncrystalline materials, structure and properties of new materials.Table of ContentsDynamical diffraction by imperfect crystals, A. Authier; regularities of x-ray diffuse scattering in slightly distorted crystals containing precipitates, R.I. Barabash; temperature resolved x-ray diffractometry, A. Buchal; application of synchrotron radiation for powder diffraction, R.J. Cernik; single crystal structure determination on powders by electron crystallography, S. Hovmoller; quantitative phase analysis with the Rietveld method, R.J. Hill; x-ray analysis of dislocation-induced mosaicity in single crystals, P. Klimanek; small-angle scattering and alloy decomposition, G. Kostorz; laboratory x-ray and structure determination fromm powder diffraction data, D. Louer; the application of position-sensitive CCD detectorsin single crystal x-ray data collection, K. Ukaszewicz; mechanical properties of ceramic-based nanocomposite - role of intergranular structure, K. Niihara; determination of slip system in sapphire crystal by indentation, R. Nowak; structural determinations by means of electron diffraction and HREM, J. Pons; application of direct methods to low resolution powder data, J. Rius; application of small angle x-ray and neutron scattering in studies of the structure of disordered solids on length scales of about 5 to 10.00 A, P. Schmidt; XRD theatre of structure transformations in ferroelectric, HTSC, polytypre crystals, V. Shekhtman; on the non-crystallinity of opal, D.K. Smith; x-ray reflectivity in thin film studies, G. Stergioudis; paracrystalline distortions inherent strains and crystallite size in polymers, W. Wilke; structure and phase transformation of nano-scaled particles of alloys examined by electron diffraction and HREM, T. Tadaki. (Part contents).
£149.40
World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd Point Groups, Space Groups, Crystals, Molecules
Book SynopsisThis book is by far the most comprehensive treatment of point and space groups, and their meaning and applications. Its completeness makes it especially useful as a text, since it gives the instructor the flexibility to best fit the class and goals. The instructor, not the author, decides what is in the course. And it is the prime book for reference, as material is much more likely to be found in it than in any other book; it also provides detailed guides to other sources.Much of what is taught is folklore, things everyone knows are true, but (almost?) no one knows why, or has seen proofs, justifications, rationales or explanations. (Why are there 14 Bravais lattices, and why these? Are the reasons geometrical, conventional or both? What determines the Wigner-Seitz cells? How do they affect the number of Bravais lattices? Why are symmetry groups relevant to molecules whose vibrations make them unsymmetrical? And so on). Here these analyses are given, interrelated, and in-depth. The understanding so obtained gives a strong foundation for application and extension. Assumptions and restrictions are not merely made explicit, but also emphasized.In order to provide so much information, details and examples, and ways of helping readers learn and understand, the book contains many topics found nowhere else, or only in obscure articles from the distant past. The treatment is (often completely) different from those elsewhere. At least in the explanations, and usually in many other ways, the book is completely new and fresh. It is designed to inform, educate and make the reader think. It strongly emphasizes understanding.The book can be used at many levels, by many different classes of readers — from those who merely want brief explanations (perhaps just of terminology), who just want to skim, to those who wish the most thorough understanding. remove removeTable of ContentsTransformations with a point fixed - point groups; crystal structures and Bravais lattices; space groups; representations of translation groups; representations - point groups and projective; induced representations; representations of space groups; spin and time reversal; tensors, groups and crystals; groups, vibrations, normal modes; bands, bonding, and phase transitions; symbols and definitions; the point groups; objects invariant under the point groups; two-dimensional space groups; point group character tables.
£80.75
World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd Crystal Growth For Beginners: Fundamentals Of
Book SynopsisThis is the first-ever textbook on the fundamentals of nucleation, crystal growth and epitaxy. It has been written from a unified point of view and is thus a non-eclectic presentation of this interdisciplinary topic in materials science. The reader is required to possess some basic knowledge of mathematics and physics. All formulae and equations are accompanied by examples that are of technological importance. The book presents not only the fundamentals but also the state of the art in the subject. The second revised edition includes two separate chapters dealing with the effect of the Ehrlich-Schwoebel barrier for down-step diffusion, as well as the effect of surface active species, on the morphology of the growing surfaces. In addition, many other chapters are updated accordingly. Thus, it serves as a valuable reference book for both graduate students and researchers in materials science.Table of ContentsCrystal -- Ambient Phase Equilibrium - Nucleation - Crystal Growth - Epitaxial Growth
£120.60
World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd Crystal Growth For Beginners: Fundamentals Of
Book Synopsis'The book is well organized and is pedagogical. By discussing crystallization in pure systems, the author introduces and describes the important concepts, physical parameters and theoretical models pertaining to nucleation and growth of crystals … If you are a young investigator or a graduate student whose research involves understanding the fundamentals of crystallization including nucleation and growth, this book will be a treat for you. Readers who have a strong background in physical chemistry or thermal physics may find the book easy to read. Nevertheless, this book should be a good reference to have on the bookshelf if you are an experienced researcher whose interest crosses the path with the general topics of crystal growth.'Acta Crystallographica Section BThe processes of new phase formation and growth are of fundamental importance in numerous rapidly developing scientific fields such as modern materials science, micro- and optoelectronics, and environmental science. Crystal Growth for Beginners combines the depth of information in monographs, with the thorough analysis of review papers, and presents the resulting content at a level understandable by beginners in science. The book covers, in practice, all fundamental questions and aspects of nucleation, crystal growth, and epitaxy.This book is a non-eclectic presentation of this interdisciplinary topic in materials science. The third edition brings existing chapters up to date, and includes new chapters on the growth of nanowires by the vapor-liquid-solid mechanism, as well as illustrated short biographical texts about the scientists who introduced the basic ideas and concepts into the fields of nucleation, crystal growth and epitaxy. All formulae and equations are illustrated by examples that are of technological importance. The book presents not only the fundamentals but also the state of the art in the subject.Crystal Growth for Beginners is a valuable reference for both graduate students and researchers in materials science. The reader is required to possess some basic knowledge of mathematics, physics and thermodynamics.
£180.00
World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd Crystal Chemistry: From Basics To Tools For
Book Synopsis'This is a book for crystal chemistry lovers written by one of the pioneers of solid-state chemistry.'MRS BulletinDevoted to a diverse group of solid state scientists, the book has two objectives, both relating to structural chemistry: (i) a progressive analytic familiarization with the main parameters that govern the organization of crystallized matter and related crystal structures, (ii) a study of what are the various ways to 'read' a structure far beyond its representation in scientific articles. Hence, the reader will, from numerous examples illustrated in color, analyze what are the main characteristics of these structures, from their geometric characteristics, their coordination polyhedra, their connections with the resulting dimensionalities of these solids, including also the defects they exhibit, before looking at possibilities to classify structures, within which recurrence laws can emerge.Chemists are required to understand the potentials of a new structure for becoming future materials scientists. The first part of the book is by no means a database for known structures, but facilitates a progressive understanding of the organization of the solid state. With these tools in hand, the reader is invited in the later part of the book to analyze new structures, and to also use new concepts for viewing structures in a more synthetic way for the future. Such new vision is already leading to the creation of completely new solids with outstanding characteristics that find applications in societal problems concerning energy, energy savings, environment and health.The content is not exclusively academic but relates to the creation of innovative materials, through a more physical approach, that might condition the future of materials.
£43.70
