Comparative law Books

Book SynopsisModern constitutionalism has put a lot of hopes in parliaments but there is some consensus that these hopes have not been entirely fulfilled. At the same time, the role of parliaments in contemporary democracies continues to evolve as parliaments are faced with new challenges. How should they react to the new forms of executive and administrative action? Should they play a role in upholding judicial independence, although the latter is frequently seen as independence from parliament as well as the executive? How should they contribute to the protection of fundamental rights? The book aims at providing some answers to these questions by first setting the historic scene, giving a comparative overview of the modern history of a selection of major European deliberative institutions (UK, France, Germany and the European Parliament). The book then looks at themes around the doctrine of separation of powers, especially aspects of the relationship between parliament and the executive power and parliaments' role and attitude regarding the judiciary with a special focus on the independence of the judiciary in a comparative perspective.Trade ReviewAnyone interested in constitutionalism and related matters will find the volume quite absorbing. The Commonwealth Lawyer Vol 16, No 3, December 2007 Both the book's comparative ambition and its substantive focus on the constitutional role of parliaments make it distinctive and are to be welcomed...Comparative constitutional scholarship is in vogue and, in offering a comparative analysis of the roles of parliaments, this book offers a valuable corrective to any tendency in comparative constitutional studies to focusing only on the case law of supreme and constitutional courts. Adam Tomkins Public Law 2008Table of ContentsPart One National Traditions of Parliamentary Law: Towards a European Model? 1. Constitutionalism and the Role of Parliaments AW Bradley, Katja S Ziegler and Denis Baranger 2. Parliamentary Law and Parliamentary Government in Britain: Some Historical Remarks Denis Baranger 3. The Formation of Parliamentary Law in France Pierre Avril 4. Parliamentary Law: The German Experience Fabian Wittreck 5. The Law and Custom of a New Parliament: The European Parliament Sionaidh Douglas-Scott Part Two Parliaments and the Executive 6. Cabinet as the Leading Part of Parliament: The Westminster Model in Europe Armel Le Divellec 7. Parliaments and the Executive: Old Control Rights and New Control Contexts in Germany Christoph Gusy 8. Executive Powers in Foreign Policy: The Decision to Dispatch the Military Katja S Ziegler 9. Separation of Powers, Public Law Theory and Comparative Analysis Nicholas Bamforth Part Three Parliaments, the Courts and Human Rights 10. Judicial Independence and Parliaments The Rt Hon Lady Justice Arden DBE 11. Why Should Judges Be Independent? Luc Heuschling 12. Independence of the Judiciary in Germany Gernot Sydow 13. Making Parliamentary Rights Effective: The Role of Constitutional Courts in Germany Pascale Cancik 14. The Parliamentary Protection of Human Rights Keith Ewing

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Book SynopsisJapan boasts the second largest economy in the world and almost two thousand years of history. Yet, its first modern constitution, the Meiji Constitution, was not enacted until comparatively recently (1889). Since then, following World War II, Japan adopted its current Constitution, the Japanese Constitution of 1946. This book is designed to explain the outline of Japan's Constitution, together with a number of its unique characteristics and to offer an historical background and context which help explain its significance. Major topics covered include the constitutional history of Japan, fundamental principles of the Constitution, the people and the Emperor, the Diet and legislative power, Cabinet and executive power, and the Judiciary and judicial power. Also discussed is the protection of fundamental human rights, individual rights - including freedom of expression,economic freedoms, and social rights, pacifism and national defence, and the constitutional amendment and reform. Although the Japanese Constitution was enacted under the strong influence of the United States Constitution, many of its features are very different. For instance the existence of an Emperor, the long dominance of a conservative party over the Government, the relatively strong power of government bureaucrats, the absence of a leadership role in the Prime Minister, the small role the judiciary play in solving constitutional disputes and the struggle over national defence. Written in an accessible style and comprehensive in content, the reader will find this account of the constitutional law of Japan both unique and stimulating.Trade Review...a concise and balanced description of the legal structure of the Japanese constitution. Kazuhiro Takii Journal of Japanese Studies, Volume 40. Number 1. 2014 Professor Matsui's volume is the first major treatment of Japanese constitutional law to appear in English in several years, and will be accessible to students and scholars alike as an excellent introduction to the field. The volume is easy to use, with a handy table of constitutional articles and legislation, as well as suggestions for further reading for those so inclined. Tom Ginsburg Japan Review, Volume 25, 2013Table of Contents1 The Constitution: Context And History Introduction Part I: Constitutional Context Part II: History Part III: Sources Of Constitutional Law Part IV: Supremacy of the Constitution Part V: Fundamental Principles of the Japanese Constitution Conclusion Further Reading 2 The Constitution, the People and the Emperor Introduction Part I: The Popular Sovereignty Principle Part II: The People Part II: Election and Political Party Part IV: The Emperor Conclusion Further Reading 3 The Diet and the Legislative Power Introduction Part I: The Diet Part II: Powers of the Diet Part III: Legislative Process 78 Part IV: Legislators and Bureaucrats: Reality of the Legislative Process Conclusion Further Reading 4 The Cabinet and the Executive Power Introduction Part I: The Status of the Cabinet and the Prime Minister Part II: The Powers of the Cabinet P art III: The Relationship Between the Cabinet and the Diet Part IV: The Prime Minister, the Cabinet and Bureaucrats Part V: Legal Control of the Executive Conclusion Further Reading 5 The Courts and the Judicial Power Introduction Part I: The Courts Part II: Justiciability Part III: The Power of Judicial Review Conclusion Further Reading 6 The Protection of Fundamental Human Rights: Structural Issues Introduction Part I: Fundamental Human Rights Part II: Applicability of Constitutional Rights Part III: Restrictions on Fundamental Human Rights Conclusion Further Reading 7 The Protection of Fundamental Human Rights: Specific Rights Introduction Part I: Equality Part II: Personal Freedoms Part III: Economic Freedoms Part IV: Social Rights Conclusion Further Reading 8 Pacifism And National Defence Introduction Part I: Pacifism Part II: The Self-Defence Force Part III: The Japan-United States Mutual Security Treaty Part IV: The Constitution and International Peace Cooperation Conclusion Further Reading 9 Constitutional Amendment and Reforms Introduction Part I: Constitutional Amendment Part II: Amending the Japanese Constitution or Enacting a New Constitution Conclusion Further Reading

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Book SynopsisEnvironmental Enforcement Authorities (EEAs), sometimes called Environmental Protection Agencies (EPAs), are the regulatory, monitoring and enforcement agencies of national, state/provincial and local governments worldwide responsible for implementing, monitoring and enforcing environmental legislation. This one-of-a-kind, authoritative handbook offers a comprehensive assessment of the principles and best practice of EEAs throughout the world with a focus on Europe, the USA, Canada, Australia, east and south-east Asia and various other OECD, transition and developing countries. The book assesses structures, expertise and capacity, financing, permitting, monitoring, inspection, enforcement and EEA performance and future directions. It also identifies best practice for creating or improving EEAs. It offers substantial information for industry on the nature of compliance with environmental regulations as well as vital information for professionals, consultants, NGOs and researchers working at the interface between government EEAs and industry.Trade Review'Prescient and highly useful tool for regulators and practicians. Guides the reader through a detailed, careful and well-organized study. To be recommended.' Susanne Mieth Andersen, environmental lawyer, Danish Environmental Protection Agency 'Environment policy is implemented and enforced in many different ways - and at many different levels! Sometimes it is government itself and its civil service, sometimes local or regional government is responsible, and sometimes the work is done by agencies with varying amount od independence from government. The fact is that there is very little comparative, or comprehensive, literature in this field and yet it is vitally important for regulators and regulated alike to be able to make trans-frontier comparisons. This Handbook is a welcome attempt to enable this to be done and I expect it to be on the shelves of everyone with an interest in the efficient implementation and enforcement of environmental law.' Sir Ken Collins, Chairman, Scottish Environment Protection Agency (SEPA) and former member of the European Parliament 'This Handbook provides an excellent, practical overview of one of the most important aspects of any environmental regulatory system, namely the processes and practice of enforcement. It is highly recommended to anyone interested in the day to day enforcement of environmental regulation. The use of interesting case studies and comparative analysis of different regimes makes it both accessible and authoritative. Most of all, it is a book to be used in the real world and not just left on the book shelf.' Stuart Bell, Professor of Environmental Law, Nottingham Law SchoolTable of ContentsIntroduction: The Principles and Nature of Regulation The Nature of Environment Enforcement Authorities Permitting Monitoring and Inspection Action in Response to Non-compliance Compliance Promotion Financing Environmental Enforcement Authorities Management of Environmental Enforcement Authorities

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Book SynopsisA novel and incisive investigation of the role of judicial precedents and customs in Russian law, this book examines the trends in the development of judge-made law in Russian civil law since the demise of the Soviet Union.Exploring the interrelated propositions that a certain creative element is intrinsic to the judicial function in modern legal systems, which are normally shaped by both legislators and judges and that the Russian legal system is not an exception to this rule, the author argues that the rejection or acceptance of judge-made law can no longer be sufficient grounds for distinguishing between common law and civil law systems for the purposes of comparative analysis.Divided into six chapters, it covers: the principles applied by judges when interpreting legal acts; analyzing a number of academic writings on this subject the boundaries of the realm of judge-made law and the problem of 'hard cases' and the factors, which make them 'hard' a taxonomy of forms in which Russian courts effectuate their law-creation functions current policies of courts in legal and socio-political matters joint-stock societies and arbitrazh courts. Estimating the degree of creativity within different branches of the Russian judiciary and explaining the difference in the approaches of various courts as well as setting-out proposals as to how the discrepancies in judicial practice can be avoided, Judicial Law-Making in Post-Soviet Russia is invaluable reading for all students of international law, comparative law, legal skills, method and systems and jurisprudence and philosophy of law.Table of ContentsIntroduction. Interpretation and Hard Cases. The Scope and Limits of Judicial Law-Making. The Forms of Judge-Made Law in Russia. The Problem of Uniform Judicial Interpretation in Matters Legal. Social and Political Issues in Courts. Conclusion

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Book SynopsisThis book contains the first major comparative study of litigation costs and methods of funding litigation in more than 30 jurisdictions. It was linked with the most comprehensive review of costs ever carried out in England and Wales by Lord Justice Jackson in 2009 and benefited from the assistance of leading practitioners around the globe. The study analyses the principles and rules that relate to paying courts, witnesses and lawyers, and the rules on cost shifting, if any. It also notes the major ways in which litigation can be funded, identifying the global trend on contraction of legal aid, the so far limited spread of contingency fees, and the growing new phenomenon of private third party litigation funding. The study also presents the results of nine case studies of typical claim types, so as to give a first overview comparison of which countries' legal systems are cheaper or more expensive. The book further contains national chapters with in depth analysis contributed by scholars in 18 jurisdictions (Australia, Belgium, Canada, China, Denmark, England & Wales, France, Germany, Japan, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Spain, Switzerland, Taiwan and USA) and a further chapter on Latin American jurisdictions. 'Dr Hodges, Professor Vogenauer and Dr Tulibacka have conducted an excellent and thorough comparative study of litigation costs and funding across a wide range of jurisdictions ('the Oxford study'). The Oxford study is important, because it provides both context and background for any critical examination of our own costs and funding rules...I commend this book both for its breadth and detail and also for its percipient commentary. This work will make a valuable contribution to the debate which lies ahead about how the costs and funding rules of England and Wales should be reformed in order to promote access to justice.' From the Foreword by Lord Justice Jackson, Royal Courts of Justice, 16th July 2010Trade ReviewWhat a treasure trove...most informative...a source of empirical findings and legal policy conclusions of the highest order VRiLG Lothar Junemann Notar 9/2012Table of ContentsPart I: The Oxford Study on Costs and Funding of Civil Litigation Christopher Hodges, Stefan Vogenauer and Magdalena Tulibacka Introduction Section 1: National Approaches to Costs and Funding of Civil Litigation Section 2: The Price of Litigation: A Comparison of Jurisdictions Section 3: Policy Issues and Recommendations Section 4: Summary of Findings Tables and Appendices Questionnaire Table 1: Basis of charges for court fees and lawyers' fees Table 2: Success and contingency fees Table 3: Total minimum cost to claimant in the case studies Table 4: Claimant and defendant costs in the case studies Table 5: Ranges of court fees and lawyers' hourly rates Table 6: Currency conversion rates used in the case studies Part II: National Reports 1. An Introduction to the Range of National Approaches Christopher Hodges 2. Australia Camille Cameron 3. Belgium Vincent Sagaert and Ilse Samoy 4. Canada Eriks S Knutsen and Janet Walker 5. The People's Republic of China Michael Palmer and Chao Xi 6. Denmark Kristine Svenningsen, Jan-Erik Svensson and Anders Orgaard 7. England and Wales John Peysner 8. England and Wales: Christopher Hodges Summary of the Jackson Costs Review 9. England and Wales: Woolf for Slow Learners John Peysner 10. France A. Theoretical Perspectives Yvon Desdevises B. The Rules on Funding and Costs Anne-Laure Villedieu 11. Germany Burkhard Hess and Rudolf Hubner 12. Japan Ikuo Sugawara and Eri Osaka 13. Latin America: Manuel A Gomez A Regional Report 14. The Netherlands Mark L Tuil 15. The Netherlands: Policy Observations Paulien M M van der Grinten 16. New Zealand Kim Economides and Graham Taylor 17. Poland Magdalena Tulibacka 18. Portugal Henrique Sousa Antunes 19. Russia Dmitry Maleshin 20. Spain Aranzazu Calzadilla Medina, Carlos Trujillo Cabrera and Alejandro Ferreres Comella 21. Switzerland Walter A Stoffel and James F Reardon 22. Taiwan Kuan-Ling Shen and Helena HC Chen 23. The United States of America Deborah R Hensler

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Book SynopsisA great deal has been written on the relationship between politics and law. Legislation, as a source of law, is often highly political, and is the product of a process or the creation of officials often closely bound into party politics. Legislation is also one of the exclusive powers of the state. As such, legislation is plainly both practical and inevitably political; at the same time most understandings of the relationship between law and politics have been overwhelmingly theoretical. In this light, public law is often seen as part of the political order or as inescapably partisan. We know relatively little about the real impact of law on politicians through their legal advisers and civil servants. How do lawyers in government see their roles and what use do they make of law? How does politics actually affect the drafting of legislation or the making of policy? This volume will begin to answer these and other questions about the practical, day-to-day relationship between law and politics in a number of settings. It includes chapters by former departmental legal advisers, drafters of legislation, law reformers, judges and academics, who focus on what actually happens when law meets politics in government.Trade ReviewI do not hesitate to recommend this book, both to participants in political and legal process and also the interested general reader: it contains a great deal of first-class material and is a welcome addition to the literature in this area. -- Saira Salimi * Statute Law Review, Volume 35, Number 2 *One of the most noticeable features of this collection - and perhaps the main source of its originality and diversity - is the impressive range of contributors. Overall, this is a terrific collection of essays [which will] be of value to anyone interested in the 'stuff' of law and politics. Even those well versed in that 'stuff' will surely find some thought-provoking new perspectives here. -- Joseph Tomlinson * The Journal of Legislative Studies, 2014 *Overall, this collection presents the complexities of the relationship between politics and law rather well, even if, as with most edited collections, one would struggle to refine a clear and focused conclusion having read all the chapters. However, while this is often a problem, here it more fairly represents the analytical differences that are evident in examining the subject. -- Christopher May * Political Studies Review *This rigorous, ranging and broad-minded book reflects the best of two worlds; it is a valuable read for those who try to walk the line between them -- Mark Davies * The Table *The book provides well-rounded insight into the intricate relationship between Politics and Law. -- J. Kern * European Review of Public Law *...the value [of this volume] lies in the fact that it brings together a multiplicity of highly-respected voices, not only from academia, but also from institutional and professional levels, who have been working on the various possible ways of interpreting the relationship between politics and law. (Translated from the original Italian.) -- Nicola Lupo * Rivista Trimestrale di Diritto Pubblico 4/2014 (Oct-Dec) *...this is an interesting book with chapters written by experts in their field. -- Ronan Cormacain * The Theory and Practice of Legislation *Law in Politics, Politics in Law makes clear that its remit is not to examine directly the impacts of courts on politics or the development of judicial review as a legal mechanism for calling politics to account. Yet it makes an important contribution to the debate through its analysis of the day-to-day realities of the relationship. -- Justine Thornton QC * Journal of Environmental Law *Table of ContentsPart 1: Introduction 1. Beginning at the Beginning: The Relationships between Politics and Law David Feldman Part 2: Lawyer-Politicians 2. Lawyers, MPs and Judges Ross Cranston 3. Lawyers in the House of Commons David Howarth 4. The Form and Language of Legislation Alan Rodger Part 3: Lawyers Advising Government 5. Legislation and Politics Stephen Laws 6. Whitehall, Transparency, and the Law David Seymour 7. The Role of Public International Lawyers in Government Michael Wood 8. Government Legal Advisers through the Ethics Looking Glass Matthew Windsor Part 4: Politics and Legal Change 9. Law Reform in a Political Environment: The Work of the Law Commissions Elizabeth Cooke and Hector MacQueen 10. Parliament Act 1911 in its Historical Context Philip Norton 11. The Parliament Act 1949 Chris Ballinger 12. The Realities of the Parliament Act 1911 Daniel Greenberg 13. The Impact of the Parliament Acts 1911 and 1949 on a Government's Management of its Legislative Timetable, on Parliamentary Procedure and on Legislative Drafting Rhodri Walters Part 5: Politics, the Constitution, and Beyond 14. International Law and Great Power Politics Matthew Parish 15. Law and Democracy in a Human Rights Framework Philip Sales 16. Politics, Law and Constitutional Moments in the UK Dawn Oliver 17. Looking Back and Moving On David Feldman

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Book SynopsisUntil quite recently questions about methodology in legal research have been largely confined to understanding the role of doctrinal research as a scholarly discipline. In turn this has involved asking questions not only about coverage but, fundamentally, questions about the identity of the discipline. Is it (mainly) descriptive, hermeneutical, or normative? Should it also be explanatory? Legal scholarship has been torn between, on the one hand, grasping the expanding reality of law and its context, and, on the other, reducing this complex whole to manageable proportions. The purely internal analysis of a legal system, isolated from any societal context, remains an option, and is still seen in the approach of the French academy, but as law aims at ordering society and influencing human behaviour, this approach is felt by many scholars to be insufficient. Consequently many attempts have been made to conceive legal research differently. Social scientific and comparative approaches have proven fruitful. However, does the introduction of other approaches leave merely a residue of 'legal doctrine', to which pockets of social sciences can be added, or should legal doctrine be merged with the social sciences? What would such a broad interdisciplinary field look like and what would its methods be? This book is an attempt to answer some of these questions.Table of Contents1. Legal Doctrine: Which Method(s) for What Kind of Discipline? Mark Van Hoecke 2. The Method of a Truly Normative Legal Science Jaap Hage 3. Explanatory Non-Normative Legal Doctrine. Taking the Distinction between Theoretical and Practical Reason Seriously Anne Ruth Mackor 4. A World without Law Professors Mathias M Siems 5. Open or Autonomous? The Debate on Legal Methodology as a Reflection of the Debate on Law Pauline C Westerman 6. Methodology of Legal Doctrinal Research: A Comment on Westerman Jan Vranken 7. The Epistemological Function of 'la Doctrine' Horatia Muir Watt 8. Maps, Methodologies and Critiques: Confessions of a Contract Lawyer Roger Brownsword 9. Legal Research and the Distinctiveness of Comparative Law John Bell 10. Does One Need an Understanding of Methodology in Law Before One Can Understand Methodology in Comparative Law? Geoffrey Samuel 11. Comparative Law, Legal Linguistics and Methodology of Legal Doctrine Jaakko Husa 12. Doing What Doesn't Come Naturally. On the Distinctiveness of Comparative Law Maurice Adams 13. Promises and Pitfalls of Interdisciplinary Legal Research: The Case of Evolutionary Analysis in Law Bart Du Laing 14. Behavioural Economics and Legal Research Julie De Coninck 15. Theory and Object in Law: the Case for Legal Scholarship as Indirect Speech Bert Van Roermund

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Book SynopsisWhat drives popular support for state-enforced competition policy? What is it about antitrust law that garners approval from both the public and courts, to the point of demonizing large firms convicted of antitrust offenses? In this book Adi Ayal argues that the populist roots of antitrust are still with us, guiding sentiment towards a legal regime that has otherwise shifted towards economic analysis. Antitrust is very much about fairness and morality; this book assesses how modern policy has hijacked popular support - based on traditional conceptions of political and economic power - to combat market power in narrowly defined micro-markets. Beginning with history, but delving into moral and political philosophy, Professor Ayal shows how arguments concerning fairness in antitrust apply both to monopolists and their victims. Fairness thus requires a balancing test based on context and respecting the rights of all parties involved. While traditionally fairness arguments were used to justify intervention where economic analysis did not, this book assesses them from first principles, to show that pure efficiency analysis is flawed from a moral standpoint when the state intervenes. Protecting weak consumers from strong monopolists may carry rhetorical weight, but the reality of antitrust is that the state is much more powerful than almost all firms it regulates. Protecting the strong from the weak, especially when 'weak' consumers hold legal power and influence, might very well be a moral imperative. This book offers a philosophical account of the conundrum facing competition policy which challenges widely-held yet often implicit and unfounded beliefs.Trade ReviewAdi Ayal is a gifted scholar who uses sophisticated economic, legal and philosophical arguments to reexamine the fundamentals of antitrust law. Not content to accept the economists’ notion of maximizing efficiency, Professor Ayal shows that economists often ignore basic presumptions of property rights’ protection and fairness in their analyses. He argues that even monopolists have rights that require protection in any well-functioning legal regime, though those rights have limits. This book will challenge and perhaps frustrate those who think they know the answer to the question of how to balance the competing stakeholders’ interests under competition policy. What is undeniable is that the book will stimulate thoughtful debate and force analysts to face squarely hard questions that they have ignored. -- Dennis W. Carlton, David McDaniel Keller Professor of Economics, Booth School of Business, University of ChicagoTable of ContentsIntroduction Part I: The Setting of Antitrust 1 The Legal and Rhetorical Context of Antitrust I. The Development of Antitrust Law: Common Law Antecedents II. Competition Law in Europe: Between National and Community Goals III. Introducing the Goals of Antitrust: Fairness, Efficiency and Beyond IV. Terminology and Focus: What is meant by 'Monopolist' and which Rights are Assessed? Part II: The Goals of Antitrust 2 The Societal Goals of Antitrust I. The Efficiency Model of Antitrust II. Competition Beyond Efficiency: Between Proxy and Independent Goal III. Antitrust as Facilitating a Society of Entrepreneurs 3 Monopoly's Victims I. Consumers and their Centrality in the Fairness Discussion II. Antitrust as a Tool for Protecting Competitors III. Workers, Local Communities and Small Businesses: The Lost Classes of Antitrust 4 Monopolists' Rights I. Why the Verizon Case is Unhelpful: Baselines in Antitrust II. Who are the Monopolists? III. Monopoly Profit as a Property Right, or Competition as Creating Property? IV. Freedom of Contract V. The Role of Firms Part III: The Balancing Act of Antitrust 5 Towards a Constitutional Balance in Antitrust I. The Need for a Balancing Test II. Striking a Balance III. Boundaries to be Respected IV. Developing the Standard 6 Formalization of Fairness: Keeping Everyone Envy-Free I. The Framework of Envy-Freeness II. Complications and Extensions III. Implementation to Antitrust 7 The 'Clear and Present Danger' for Antitrust I. Protecting Monopolists' Market Access: The Logical Fallacy Argument II. Logical Fallacy or Balancing Act? Trade and Speech Compared III. The Balancing Test: Free Speech as a Guiding Force IV. Implementation to Antitrust V. Objections to the 'Clear and Present Danger' Standard VI. Answers to the Raised Objections VII. A Rebellious Thought Conclusion and Future Implementations

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Book SynopsisThis short book on comparative law theory and method is designed primarily for postgraduate research students whose work involves comparison between legal systems. It is, accordingly, a book on research methods, although it will also be of relevance to all students (undergraduate and postgraduate) taking courses in comparative law and to academics entering the field of comparison. The substance of the book has been developed over many years of teaching general theory of comparative law, primarily on the European Academy of Legal Theory programme in Brussels but also on other programmes in French, Belgian and English universities. It is arguable that there has been to date no single introductory work exclusively devoted to comparative law methodology and thus this present book aims to fill this gap.Trade ReviewThis is an ambitious project by Geoffrey Samuel and one that hopefully exposes more scholars and students to the variety of methodological and theoretical approaches of comparative law and comparative legal theory…The potential methodological framework through the ten dichotomies in the concluding remarks provides an excellent road map for issues that researchers should keep in mind when embarking on a comparative legal theory project…For those who are in the target audience and are interested in questions about comparative law and legal theory, this text should be a welcome resource. -- Allyson C. Yankle * Law and Politics Book Review *This volume is...a recapitulation of the reflection carried out by one of the most renowned, critical and thoughtful scholars in the field...this book is certainly a must read. -- Emma Patrignani * The Rabel Journal of Comparative and International Private Law *The author provides a short introduction to various models by which law is conceptualised, mostly by works of jurisprudence and sociology of law, from the rule model to the system model, and the fundamental dichotomies dividing them, showing how problematic it is to subscribe to any of them. (...) As comparative law studies move onward, the map that Samuel unfolds on the table will have to be expanded, but without it much would not be known, understood or perhaps even noticed. -- Michele Graziadei * Zeitschrift fur Europaisches Privatrecht *Table of Contents1. Problems and Promises of Comparative Law 2. Asking the Right Question 3. What is ‘Comparison’? 4. Functional Method 5. Alternatives to Functionalism 6. Structural Method 7. Hermeneutical Method 8. What is ‘Law’ (1)? 9. What is Law (2)? 10. Paradigm Orientations

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Book SynopsisThis latest volume in the Penal Theory and Penal Ethics series addresses one of the oldestquestions in the field of criminal sentencing: should an offender's previous convictions affect the sentence? Although there is an extensive literature on the definition and use of criminal history information, the emphasis here is on the theoretical and normative aspects of considering previous convictions at sentencing. Several authors explore the theory underlying the practice of mitigating the punishments for first offenders, while others put forth arguments for enhancing sentences for recidivists.Trade ReviewThis collection is welcome as it offers insights into the problems facing sentencers and penologists in taking past convictions into account -- Susan Easton * Criminal Law Review *The editors and contributors tackle a particularly thorny issue in this elegant 256-page text: Should an offender's previous convictions affect sentence?.. Professors Roberts and von Hirsch address with signal skill the question of just deserts and proportionality, the progressive loss of mitigation, the issues of first offender discounts.. and the question of deserved punishment when recidivism is demonstrated -- Judge G. Renaud * Criminal Law Quarterly (Volume 59) *the experiences, developments and points of view in other countries, as described in this book, are very valuable to us -- J.A.W. Lensing * Trema Straftoemetings bulletin *In Previous Convictions at Sentencing Roberts and Von Hirsch have brought together a selection of leading thinkers to illuminate an aspect of punishment theory and practice that has largely remained in the shadows despite its obvious importance. An attractive feature of the book, in addition to the thoughtful and penetrating analyses that it contains, is the vigorous exchange of views that takes place between its covers. The editors have not shied away from including perspectives that are at odds with their own, or from revising and reformulating their views, or indeed from finding fault with each other's conclusions. This internal dialogue helps to expose where further critical inquiry would yield the greatest return. -- Ian O'Donnell * Punishment & Society *Table of Contents1 Proportionality and the Progressive Loss of Mitigation: Some Further Reflections Andrew von Hirsch 2 First-Offender Sentencing Discounts: Exploring the Justifi cations Julian V Roberts 3 Recidivism, Retributivism, and the Lapse Theory of Previous Convictions Jesper Ryberg 4 Repeat Offenders and the Question of Desert Youngjae Lee 5 ‘More to Apologise For’: Can We Find a Basis for the Recidivist Premium in a Communicative Theory of Punishment? Chris Bennett 6 The Questionable Relevance of Previous Convictions to Punishments for Later Crimes Michael Tonry 7 Prior-conviction Sentencing Enhancements: Rationales and Limits Based on Retributive and Utilitarian Proportionality Principles and Social Equality Goals Richard S Frase 8 The Illusion of Proportionality: Desert and Repeat Offenders Kevin R Reitz 9 Dimensions of Criminal History: Refl ections on Theory and Practice Martin Wasik 10 The Role of Previous Convictions in England and Wales Estella Baker and Andrew Ashworth 11 Previous Convictions and Proportionate Punishment under Swedish Law Petter Asp 12 Assessing the Impact of a Recidivist Sentencing Premium on Crime and Recidivism Rates Lila Kazemian

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Book SynopsisLeniency policies are seen as a revolution in contemporary anti-cartel law enforcement. Unique to competition law, these policies are regarded as essential to detecting, punishing and deterring business collusion – conduct that subverts competition at national and global levels. Featuring contributions from leading scholars, practitioners and enforcers from around the world, this book probes the almost universal adoption and zealous defence of leniency policies by many competition authorities and others. It charts the origins of and impetuses for the leniency movement, captures key insights from academic research and practical experience relating to the operation and effectiveness of leniency policies and examines leniency from the perspectives of corporate and individual applicants, advisers and authorities. The book also explores debates surrounding the intersections between leniency and other crucial elements of the enforcement system such as compensation, compliance and criminalisation. The rich critical analysis in the book draws on the disciplines of law, regulation, economics and criminology. It makes a substantial and distinctive contribution to the literature on a topic that is highly significant to a wide range of actors in the field of competition law and business regulation generally. From the Foreword by Professor Frédéric Jenny ‘ … fundamental questions are raised and thoroughly discussed in this book which is undoubtedly the most comprehensive scholarly work on leniency policies produced so far … [the] book should be required reading for all seeking to acquire a deeper insight into the issues related to leniency policy. It is a priceless contribution ... ’Trade ReviewAnti-Cartel Enforcement in a Contemporary Age constitutes a very valuable volume. It challenges the too easily accepted assumptions concerning leniency and it explores many of the under-analysed questions relating to leniency’s place in the broader system of enforcement. It warrants a careful read of policy-makers, competition authorities’ officials and practitioners alike. -- Marek Martyniszyn * Concurrences *Profs Beaton-Wells and Tran assembled first-rate authors, and superbly structured the book's chapters, succeeding in making this book a must-read for both practitioners and scholars of the antitrust/competition. -- Toshiaki Takigawa * Symposium: Antritrust and Competition Policy Blog *...an interesting, timely, and important book. There is a tremendous variety of economic, legal, philosophical, and practical perspectives on the role of leniency policies in modern cartel enforcement in the U.S., the EU, and in other jurisdictions. -- Spencer Waller * Symposium: Antritrust and Competition Policy Blog *...the 16 chapters [the book] comprises are not only uniformly excellent, but they raise the right questions...It should figure on the reading list of all competition law enforcers and practitioners. -- Damien Geradin * Symposium: Antritrust and Competition Policy Blog *Nothing can detract form the excellent job all the contributors and the editors do in critically discussing the practical issues of leniency programmes...The book is a strongly recommended purchase for all academics and practitioners interested in antitrust enforcement issues. -- Florian Wagner von Papp * Symposium: Antritrust and Competition Policy Blog *Kudos to the editors and authors of [this work] for producing such an interesting, timely, and important book. There is a tremendous variety of economic, legal, philosophical, and practical perspectives on the role of leniency policies in modern cartel enforcement...Any practitioner, enforcement official, or academic involved or interested in cartel enforcement and the role of leniency will want to read this book. -- Spencer Weber Waller * World Competition Law and Economics Review *Table of ContentsPart I: Introduction 1. Leniency Policies: Revolution or Religion? Caron Beaton-Wells Part II: Leniency Convergence and Divergence 2. Leadership of Leniency Ann O’Brien 3. Leniency Policy with Chinese Characteristics Mark Williams Part III: Leniency and the Competition Authority 4. What do we know about the Effectiveness of Leniency Policies? A Survey of the Empirical and Experimental Evidence Catarina Marvão and Giancarlo Spagnolo 5. Anti-Cartel Enforcement in Japan: Does Leniency Make the Difference? Steven Van Uytsel 6. Leniency, Profiling and Reverse Profiling in Multi-Product Markets: Strategic Challenges for Competition Authorities Leslie M Marx and Claudio Mezzetti 7. A Case for Capping the Dosage: Leniency and Competition Authority Governance William E Kovacic Part IV: Leniency and the Corporation 8. Leniency Decision-Making from a Corporate Perspective: Complex Realities Andreas Stephan and Ali Nikpay 9. Leniency: The Poisoned Chalice or the Pot at the End of the Rainbow? Ian S Forrester and Pascal Berghe 10. Reconditioning Corporate Leniency: The Possibility of Making Compliance Programmes a Condition of Immunity Brent Fisse Part V: Leniency and the Individual 11. Leniency, Whistle-Blowing and the Individual: Should We Create Another Race to the Competition Agency? Maurice E Stucke Part VI: Leniency and Crime 12. Leniency and Criminal Sanctions in Anti-Cartel Enforcement: Happily Married or Uneasy Bedfellows? Christopher Harding, Caron Beaton-Wells and Jennifer Edwards Part VII: Leniency and Compensation 13. Why Leniency does not Undermine Compensation Daniel A Crane 14. Leniency and the Two Faces of Janus: Where Public and Private Enforcement Merge and Converge Laura Guttuso Part VIII: Leniency and Compliance 15. The Air Cargo Cartel: Lessons for Compliance Howard Bergman and D Daniel Sokol 16. Combining Leniency Policies and Compliance Programmes to Prevent Cartels Joe Murphy

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Book SynopsisThis book offers a contractual framework for the regulation of party autonomy in choice of law. The party autonomy rule is the cornerstone of any modern system of choice of law; embodying as it does the freedom enjoyed by parties to a cross-border legal relationship to agree on the law applicable to it. However, as this study shows, the rule has a major shortcoming because it fails to give due regard to the contractual function of the choice of law agreement. The study examines the existing law on choice of law agreements, by reference to the law of both common and civil law jurisdictions and international instruments. Moreover, it suggests a new coherent approach to party autonomy that integrates both the law of contract and choice of law. This important new study should be read with interest by private international law scholars.Trade ReviewThe range, depth and originality of the analysis of complex and intricate aspects of party autonomy in applicable law make this a must read for anyone engaged in research in this field. -- Paul Beaumont, University of Aberdeen and Jonathan Harris, King’s College, LondonThe book, that is comparative throughout, thus offers a lot to both European private law and PIL experts. -- Jan M Smits * Maastricht European Private Law Institute Blog *Table of Contents1. Introduction 2. Selection of the Applicable Law by Contract 3. The Scope of Party Autonomy 4. Independence of the Choice of Law Contract 5. Regulating the Choice of Law Contract 6. Agreement to Choose the Applicable Law 7. Formation of the Choice of Law Contract 8. Validity of the Choice of Law Contract 9. Conclusion

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Book SynopsisSince it first came into existence, antitrust law has become progressively more technical both in its form and in its manner of enforcement. Yet technicalities and doctrines give covert and not neutral solutions to a crucial dilemma which is of fundamental importance: how much private power is needed to preserve economic freedom from the intrusion of public power, and how much public power is needed to prevent private power becoming a threat to the freedom of others? In this lucidly written and challenging book, Giuliano Amato draws on his wide experience to examine the character of this dilemma and the way in which it has been addressed by legislatures and courts in the US and in Europe. His observations on the history and the doctrines of antitrust law and his conclusions as to how successfully the dilemma is being managed by the super economies of Europe and the US challenge conventional thinking. They will also stimulate economists and lawyers as well as business and lay people to consider more closely the future of antitrust laws across the globe.Trade ReviewThe text of this important book is lucid and the interesting analysis - political, economic and legal - is clearly stated. The citations of legal and economic literature are well chosen. Professor Amato's perceptive thoughts on the differences between US and EC competition law and their philosophical development are warmly welcomed. Valentine Korah European Competition Law Review September 2002 ... this book is in my view essential reading for anybody interested in antitrust practice and policy Damien J. Neven Journal of World Trade Law September 2002 The book is well written and develops a number of challenging ideas in an accessible way...Its major strength is in the depth of the research and the copious references...As a concise history of antitrust laws, the book is indispensable. The ideas which it develops are challenging and serve as a valuable balance to the mass of economic analysis which purports to explain antitrust. Angus MacCulloch The Modern Law Review Vol 62, 1999Table of ContentsAntitrust - introduction; on the surface - the technical profiles; in the foundations - the dilemma of liberal democracy. Part 1 Technical profiles - the USA: protection of competition or of freedom or contract - from the common law to the Sherman Act, early years of the Sherman Act, prohibitions to protect market pluralism increase; today's subtle weapons - the Chicago School, evolution in the Supreme Court, trends in recent cases, the present position in summary. Part 2 Technical profiles - Europe: the heritage of history - Europe's industrial culture, the Freiburger Ordoliberalen School, early development of antitrust laws, antitrust in the European Community; "restrictive" agreements - the normative machinery, vertical agreements, horizontal agreements; abuse of a dominant position - "special responsibility", assessment of "dominant position", abuse as an "objective concept", individual types of abuse, in conclusion; prohibitions of dominant position - mergers - the ban and its limits, antitrust against public monopolies. Part 3 Antitrust and the bounds of power: drawing together the threads - original aims and later evolution, in the USA, in Europe, the limits to antitrust law, facing concentrated, competitive firms, changing markets - what remains?; the dilemma of liberal democracy - the dilemma of liberal democracy within the dilemma of efficiency, towards autonomy of European antitrust from other common policies, the global market and tomorrow's antitrust.

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Book SynopsisThis book provides a critical examination of the foreign policy choices of one typical small state, New Zealand, as it faces the changing global balance of power. New Zealand’s foreign policy challenges are similar with those faced by many other small states in the world today and are ideally suited to help inform theoretical debates on the role of small states in the changing international system. The book analyses how a small state such as New Zealand is adjusting to the changing geopolitical, geo-economic, environment. The book includes perspectives from some of New Zealand's leading as well as emerging commentators on New Zealand foreign policy. Table of ContentsFM.- Small Can Be Huge: New Zealand Foreign Policy in an Era of Global Uncertainty.- Part I: New Zealand foreign policy institutions and process.- The Urgent Versus the Important: How Foreign and Security Policy Is Negotiated in New Zealand.- The New Zealand Defence Force Role in New Zealand Foreign Policy.- Aid and Foreign Policy: New Zealand Development Assistance in the Pacific.- Small States in a New Era of Public Diplomacy: New Zealand and Digital Diplomacy.- Part II New Zealand's Bedrock Bilateral relationships.- Pragmatic Optimisation: Australia—New Zealand Relations in the 21st-Century.- New Zealand-US Relations in the Trump Era and Beyond.- A Strategic Partnership: New Zealand-China Relations in the Xi Jinping Era and Beyond.- Neighbours and Cousins: Aotearoa-New Zealand’s Relationship with the Pacific.- Like-Minded States: New Zealand–ASEAN Relations in the Changing Asia-Pacific Strategic Environment.- Escaping the UK’s Shadow: New Zealand and the European Union.- Dealing with a Proactive Japan: Reconsidering Japan’s Regional Role and Its Value for New Zealand’s Foreign Policy.- Russia Resurgent: The Implications for New Zealand.- Looking to the Future: Expanding New Zealand Foreign Relations Beyond Traditional Partnerships.- Part III: New Zealand and global governance.- Climate Change: Antarctic Geopolitics and the Implications for New Zealand Foreign Policy.- A Small State in the Global Commons: New Zealand’s Approach to Climate Change.- New Zealand’s Trade Policy.- Small States and International Organisations: New Zealand’s Diversifying International Engagement.- New Zealand and Disarmament: Where National and Global Interests Converge.- Part IV: Exploring all our options.- Meeting New Zealand’s Peace and Security Challenges Through Disarmament and Nonviolence.- Principled Small Nation or Stalwart Ally? New Zealand’s Independent Foreign Policy.- Small States and the Changing Global Order: What Small State Theory Can Offer New Zealand Foreign Policymaking.

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Book SynopsisThis open access book offers an analytical presentation of how Europe has created its own version of collective actions. In the last three decades, Europe has seen a remarkable proliferation of collective action legislation, making class actions the most successful export product of the American legal scholarship. While its spread has been surrounded by distrust and suspiciousness, today more than half of the EU Member States have introduced collective actions for damages and from those who did, more than half chose, to some extent, the opt-out system.This book demonstrates why collective actions have been felt needed from the perspective of access to justice and effectiveness of law, the European debate and the deep layers of the European reaction and resistance, revealing how the Copernican turn of class actions questions the fundamentals of the European thinking about market and public interest. Using a transsystemic presentation of the European national models, it analyzes the way collective actions were accommodated with the European regulatory environment, the novel and peculiar regulatory questions they had to address and how and why they work differently on this side of the Atlantic.Trade Review"​Professor Nagy takes an important and detailed look at class and collective redress both inside and outside the European Union, providing useful insights to lawyers and policymakers in multiple jurisdictions. This text is a welcome addition to the literature on large-scale dispute resolution and should be required reading for scholars and practitioners around the world." Prof. S. I. Strong, Manley O. Hudson Professor of Law, University of Missouri"While many European jurisdictions have introduced some form of collective redress, most comparative academic studies focus on comparisons between legislative regimes. Class Actions in Europe is a refreshing compact analysis of the topic from a comparative, economic and trans-systemic perspective, focusing on key factors of the design of an effective collective redress regime. It is a must read for everyone who wants to obtain a better understanding of the European approach to collective claim resolution and of its economic implications and impediments."Prof. Ianika Tzankova, Professor of Law, Tilburg UniversityTable of ContentsIntroduction.- Why are collective actions needed in Europe: Small claims are not reasonably enforced in practice and collective actions ensure effective access to justice.- Major European objections and fears against the opt-out system: Superego, ego and ID.- Transatlantic perspectives: Comparative law framing.- European models of collective actions.- Conclusions.

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Book SynopsisThis book explores how the EU’s enforcement of competition law has moved from centralisation to decentralisation over the years, with the National Competition Authorities embracing more enforcement powers. At the same time, harmonisation has been employed as a solution to ensure that the enforcement of EU competition rules is not weakened and the internal market remains a level playing field.While employing a comparative law argument, the book, accordingly, analyses the need for harmonisation throughout the different stages of development of the EU’s competition law enforcement (save Merger control and State Aid), the underlying rationale, and the extent to which comparative studies have been undertaken to facilitate the harmonisation process from an historical perspective. It also covers the Directives, such as the Antitrust Damages Directive and the ECN+ Directive. Investigating both public and private enforcement, it also examines the travaux préparatoires for the enforcement legislation in order to discover the drafters’ intent. The book addresses the European and the Member States’ perspectives, namely, the Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries, as harmonisation proceeds through dialogue and cooperation between the two levels. Lastly, it explores the extent to which harmonisation of the competition law enforcement framework has been accepted and implemented in the Member States’ legal systems, or has led to the fragmentation of the national systems of the CEE countries.Table of ContentsIntroduction.- Plethora of Comparative Studies.- EU Conceptual Framework of Harmonisation: Setting the Scene.- Development of EU Competition Law Enforcement from an Historical Perspective: A Call for Harmonisation from the EU.- Institutional Framework of the National Competition Authorities in the Central and Eastern European Countries.- Harmonisation of Public Enforcement: Basic Powers of the National Competition Authorities, Sanctions, and Leniency Policies.- Harmonisation of Private Enforcement in the Central and Eastern European Countries.

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This book provides insight on the effect of political violence and transitional justice in Africa focusing on Zimbabwe and comparing it to Rwanda, Uganda and Mozambique. The case of Zimbabwe is unique since political violence observed in some areas has manifested as contestations for power between members of various political parties. These political contestations have infiltrated family/clan structures at the community level and destroyed the human and social relations of people. Also, the author examines an understanding of how communities in the most polarized and conflict-ridden areas in Africa are addressing their past. The project would appeal to graduate students, academics, researchers and practitioners as it will help them to understand African justice systems and the complex network of relationships shaping justice processes during transitions.

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Book SynopsisThis open access volume of the AIDA Europe Research Series on Insurance Law and Regulation brings together contributions from authors with different legal cultures. It aims to identify the legal issues that arise from the intersection of two disciplines: insurance law and corporate/company law. These legal issues are examined mainly from the perspective of European Union (EU) law. However, there are also contributions from other legal systems, enriching the perspective with which to approach these issues.Table of ContentsIntroduction.- Part I – The System of Governance of Insurance Undertakings.- Corporate Governance and the so-called “Four-Eyes Principle” .- The Risk Management System, the Risk Culture, and the Duties of the Insurers' Directors.- Role and Significance of the Compliance Function in an Insurance Undertaking.- Insurance Outsourcing: A Legal Analysis.- Remuneration Policies of Insurance Undertakings in Europe: Principles for a deeply Heterogeneus Reality.- Corporate Governance Standards for Insurers in Singapore.- Part II – Insurance Business and Corporate Law.- Recovery and Resolution of Insurance Companies and Director’s Duties.- Restructuring, Winding-Up & Portfolio Transfer of Insurance Companies in Distress.- Insurance in M&A Transactions.- The Algorithmic Future of Insurance Supervision in the EU: A Reality Check.- Financial Reporting in Insurance and International Financial Reporting Standards.- Recent Directions in the Regulation of Insurance Claims Handling in the United Kingdom and Australia: A Model for other Jurisdictions to Consider?.- Business Registration Data as the Best Vehicle to Achieve KYC and AML for Business .- The Influence of Public and Corporate Insurance Law on the Application of Private International Law. Selected Issues.

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Book SynopsisDer Tagungsband dokumentiert die Diskussion zentraler Probleme des am 6. Juni 1997 vom polnischen Parlament verabschiedeten Strafverfahrensgesetzbuches. Die Analyse der Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede zwischen den Strafverfahrensgesetzbüchern der beiden Länder ist vor allem deshalb lohnend, weil die neue polnische Kodifikation zahlreiche Regelungen enthält, die zwar in Deutschland ebenfalls diskutiert bzw. praktiziert werden, in der Strafprozessordnung aber (noch) fehlen.Table of ContentsDie Stellung und die Aufgaben des Staantsanwalts im polnische Vorverfahren.- Auszüge aus der Diskussion.- Die Aufsicht des Gerichts über das Vorverfahren.- Auszüge aus der Diskussion.- Untersuchungshaft in polnischen Strafprozeß.- Auszüge aus der Diskussion.- Dei gerichtliche Kontrolle der Anklageschift.- Überblick über die wichtigsten Unterschiede zwischen einer Hauptverhandlung in Strafsachen in Polen und Deutschland.- Auszüge aus der Diskussion.- Bewisverbote im polnishen Strafprozeß.- Auszüge aus der Diskussion.- Konsensualverfahren im polnischen Strafprozeß.- Auszüge aus der Diskussion.- Die Stellung des Geschädigten im polnischen Strafverfahren.- Auszüge aus der Diskussion.- Die Kassation im System der Rechstbehelfe im polnischen Strafprozeß.- Auszüge aus der Diskussion.- Des polnische Strafbefehisverfahren im Vergleich mit dem deutschen Recht.- Auszüge aus der Diskussion.- Einstellung des Verfahrens aus sachlichrechtlichen Gründen.- Verzeichnis der Referenten und Diskussionsteilnehmer.

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Book SynopsisThis book is, with some adjustments and additions, largely based on my PhD thesis on Property Rights in Investment Securities and the Doctrine of Speci?city, which I defended in London on 15 June 2007 with Professor Lars Gorton and Dr. Kern Alexander as examiners. The subject matter is the doctrine of speci?city and its non-conformity with the developments in the ?nancial markets. As this book shows, the requirement for speci?city in book-entry securities is closely linked to loss allocation. If we decided that the rights that the investor has against its intermediary shall be property rights (as opposed to claims), then, loss allocation is crucial. Should the intermediary become insolvent and there be ins- ?cient securities, the shortfall has to be distributed. Through segregation on des- nated accounts the level of protection for the investor can be increased. It can also be increased by a requirement that the intermediary should hold a suf?cient number of securities corresponding to its customers' securities. During the course of this work I have received valuable assistance from s- eral persons, for which I am very grateful. First of all, I am indebted to Tekn. dr. Marcus Wallenbergs Stiftelse for .. utbildning i internationellt industriellt for .. etagande and For .. etagsjuridik Nord & Co for the ?nancial support they have provided.Table of ContentsThe New Order.- Developments of the Securities Markets.- The Use of Collateral in the Securities Markets.- Property Rights in Securities and the Doctrine of Specificity under English Law.- Property Rights in Securities and the Doctrine of Specificity under Swedish Law.- Property Rights in Securities and the Doctrine of Specificity under US Law.- Securities as Property.- Property Rights in Securities and the Doctrine of Specificity: A Comparative Analysis with an Outlook De Lege Ferenda.

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Book SynopsisIn 1999, a suite of three new conditions of contract was published by FIDIC, following the basic structure and wording harmonised and updated around the previous FIDIC Design-Build and Turnkey Contract (the 1992 ‘‘Orange Book’’). These conditions, known as the ‘‘FIDIC rainbow, were the Conditions of C- tract for: l Construction, the so-called Red Book, for works designed by the Employer l Plant and Design-Build, the so-called Yellow Book, for works designed by the Contractor l EPC/Turnkey Projects, the so-called Silver Book, for works designed by the Contractor The ?rst is intended for construction works where the Employer is responsible for the design, as for per the previous so-called Red Book 4th Edition (1987), with an important role for the Engineer. The other two conditions of contract are intended for situations when the Contractor is responsible for the design. The Plant and Design-Build Contract has the traditional Engineer while the EPC/Turnkey Contract has a two-party arran- ment, generally with an Employer’s Representative as one of the parties.Trade ReviewFrom the reviews: “Book is written by an engineer and a lawyer. … The Jaeger / Hok work does refer to awards. … provides wide-ranging references not only to decisions of UK courts but also to sources in other jurisdictions. It therefore provides a real service in alerting readers to the need to bear in mind when specialist legal advice may be needed. … useful flow charts to assist the understanding of the operation of the FIDIC forms. … work provides rather more general guidance on legal aspects.” (Humphrey Lloyd, The International Construction Law Review, 2010)Table of ContentsLegal Systems.- Conflict of Laws.- English and International Standard Forms of Contract.- Civil Law Business Terms.- Development Stages.- Understanding FIDIC: A Civil Law Approach.- FIDIC Contract Documents.- Employer’s Duties.- Contractor’s Duties.- Design Responsibility.- Engineer.- Time for Completion.- Variations.- Tests.- Certificates.- Defects Notification Period and (Post Contractual) Defects Liability.- Termination.- Discharge, Frustration and Force Majeure.- Risk, Insurance and Exceptional Risk.- Bonds, Guarantees, Letters of Credit.- Claim Management.- Disputes.- Samples.- Delay Schedule.

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Book SynopsisAll over the world, there is a growing interest in the relationship between law and aging: How does the law influence the lives of older people? Can rights, advocacy and representation advance the social position of the aged and combat ageism? What are the new and cutting-edge frontiers in the field of elder law? Should there be a new international human rights convention in this field? These are only a few of the many questions that arise. This book attempts to answer some of these questions and to set the agenda for the future development of elder law across the globe. Taking into account existing research and knowledge, leading scholars from different continents (North America, Europe, Asia, and Australia) present in this book original and novel ideas regarding the future development of elder law. These ideas touch upon key topics such as elder guardianship, citizenship, mental capacity, elder abuse, human rights and international law, family relationships, age discrimination, and the right to die. This book can thus serve as an important reference work for all those interested in understanding where law and aging are headed, and for those concerned about the future legal rights of older persons.Table of ContentsT. Carney: Guardianship, "Social" Citizenship, & Theorizing Substitute Decisionmaking Law.- N. A. Kohn: A Civil Rights Approach to Elder Law.- C. P. Sabatino, E. Wood: The Conceptualization of Legal Capacity of Older Persons in Western law.- H. Meenan: Age Discrimination and the Future Development of Elder Rights in the European Union: Walking Side by Side or Hand in Hand?.- A. M. Soden: Family Matters - Some Emerging Legal Issues in Intergenerational and Generational Relations.- I. Doron, B. Spanier: International Elder Law - The Future of Elder Law.- A. Evrard, C. Lacour: A European Approach to Developing the Field of Law and Ageing.- J. Herring: Elder Abuse - A Human Rights Agenda for the Future.- A. Murphy: Aid in Dying - United States and Around the World.

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Book SynopsisCorporate governance encompasses the free enterprise system, which is treated comprehensively in this book from a German perspective. This distinguishes the book from other books written in English in this subject area, not only because of the comprehensive way it covers German corporate law and corporate governance, but also because of the fact that it provides international and European perspectives on these important topics. This second edition is an extensively revised and updated version of the first edition, in particular with a view to the worldwide debt crisis. The authors provide readers with an overview of the unique features of German business and enterprise law and an in-depth analysis of the organs of governance of German public limited companies (general meeting, management board, supervisory board). In addition, approaches for reforms required at the international level are also suggested and discussed, including, among others, the unique interplay and dynamics of the German two-tier board model with the system of codetermination, referring to the arrangement of employees sitting on the supervisory boards of German public limited companies and private companies employing more than 500 employees; also covered are significant recent legal developments in Europe. The book highlights the core function of valuation and financial reporting at the international, European and German levels, with accounting as the documentary proof of good corporate governance. It also expands the scope of the first edition by a treatment of the German financial sector, global corporate finance and governance, and by including a new chapter on compliance of corporate governance laws, rules and standards in Germany. As far as comparative law is concerned, new developments in the area of corporate governance in the EU, the OECD Principles of Corporate Governance and corporate governance in the US, the UK and Australia are covered.The book is addressed to researchers, practitioners and basically anyone with an interest in the complex, but intriguing areas of corporate law and corporate governance.Trade ReviewFrom the reviews of the second edition:“The targeted audience is twofold: firstly, the book targets managers and directors of companies as well as investors who want to comprehend the German model of corporate governance and its institutional setting … . Secondly, the book targets non-German postgraduate students, academic scholars, and others who, for language reasons, cannot read the vast amount of German literature on the topic … . It provides great insight on German business law literature for non-English readers as well as important decisions of German and European courts.” (Axel Haller, The International Journal of Accounting, September, 2013)Table of ContentsAn Overview of German Business or Enterprise Law and the One-Tier and Two-Tier Board Systems Contrasted.- An Overview of the Corporate Governance Debate in Germany.- The General Meeting and the Management Board as Company Organs.- The Supervisory Board as Company Organ.- The German System of Supervisory Codetermination by Employees.- The Impact of European Development on German Codetermination and German Corporate Law.- Accounting as the Documentary Proof of Good Corporate Governance.- Banking on Trust: The German Financial Sector, Global Capital Markets and Corporate Finance and Governance.- Corporate Governance and Corporate Compliance.- Corporate Governance in the EU, the OECD Principles of Corporate Governance and Corporate Governance in Selected Other Jurisdictions.- European and German Provisions in English for Purposes of Chapter 7.

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Book SynopsisThis volume provides the most comprehensive contemporary academic writing on Ukrainian competition and intellectual property law in English. Especially over the last few years, these areas have been in considerable flux, a main driver being the EU–Ukraine Association Agreement. The chapters cover a broad range of different topics and share a forward-looking perspective. They also outline the basic background that is necessary to understand the context of the issue discussed, especially with regards to the legal system of Ukraine. The publication is the result of a two-year project, and it is addressed to a wide range of international scholars, practitioners, and policy makers. It aims to make the state-of-the-art in Ukrainian legal scholarship visible and accessible to the international research community and to stimulate global debates in academia and politics. Therefore, it may be of interest and use to anyone who is interested in competition and intellectual property law, and/or in Ukraine.Trade Review“This impressive volume covers the entire spectrum of competition and IP regulation in Ukraine. … The book is equally accessible to those interested in the transformation of regulatory approaches and approximation of laws and to readers interested in the external dimensions of EU law. I congratulate the editor of the book, Heiko Richter, and all the authors on such a great and timely contribution to competition law and IP scholarship and support for the future of (Ukrainian) science!” (Liliia Oprysk, IIC - International Review of Intellectual Property and Competition Law, Vol. 54 (7), 2023)Table of ContentsCompetition and Intellectual Property Law in Ukraine: Navigating the Landscape.- Part I: Putting the Legal Framework in Perspective.- The EU–Ukraine Association Agreement as a General Framework of Contemporary EU–Ukraine Relations.- Competition and International Trade: Complementing Trade Defense Policy with Effective Competition Policy in Ukraine.- Legal Support of State Economic Policies of Ukraine in the Context of Investment Development and Protection of Competition.- Part II: Competition Law.- The “Europeanization” of Competition Law in Ukraine.- Vertical Agreements in the Competition Law of Ukraine and the EU: A Closer Look at Resale Price Maintenance.- The “New Normal” in Competition – Filling the Gaps of Ukrainian Competition Law in the Digital Economy Age.- Towards a New Digital Competition Policy of Ukraine: The EU Matrix.- The Intersection Between Intellectual Property and Competition Laws in the Pharmaceutical Sector: A Ukrainian Perspective.- Legal Mechanisms of Protection Against Unfair Competition in Ukraine – Prerequisites, Problems and Trends.- Protecting Intellectual Property Rights from Unfair Competition in Ukraine.- Part III: Policies and Law on Intellectual Property.- Association Agreements and Problems Approximating Intellectual Property Legislation of Third Countries with the EU Acquis: The Case of Ukraine.- Strategic Directions of the Intellectual Property Area Development in Ukraine.- The New Intellectual Property Court in Ukraine: Its Creation and Exclusive Jurisdiction.- Legislative Reforms on Patents, Utility Models and Industrial Designs in Ukraine.- Patent Law and Access to Medicines in Ukraine.- The Patentability of Biotechnological Inventions in the EU: The Ukrainian Context.- The Reformed Design Law in Ukraine: What is Right with EU Trade Agreements?.- Why so Few Geographical Indications in Ukraine? Legal, Political and Socio-Economic Perspective.- Copyright and Its Exceptions and Limitations in Ukraine.- Protection of Works Posted on the Internet Under Ukrainian Copyright Law.- Legal Framework for Output Based on Artificial Intelligence: Ukraine’s Place on the Global Search Path.- On the Reforms, Practice and Perspective of the Law on Collecting Societies in Ukraine.

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Book Synopsis

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