Cognition and cognitive psychology Books

Book SynopsisMotivational internalism-the idea that there is an intrinsic or necessary connection between moral judgment and moral motivation-is a central thesis in a number of metaethical debates. In conjunction with a Humean picture of motivation, it provides a challenge for cognitivist theories that take moral judgments to concern objective aspects of reality. Versions of internalism have potential implications for moral absolutism, realism, non-naturalism, and rationalism. Being a constraint on more detailed conceptions of moral motivation and moral judgment, it is also directly relevant to wider issues in moral psychology. But internalism is a controversial thesis, and the apparent possibility of amoralists and the rejection of strong forms of internalism have also been seen as problems for non-cognitivists.This volume''s thirteen new essays and introduction are meant to help readers appreciate state-of-the-art of research on internalism, to identify connections between various aspects of the Trade ReviewThe editors of this collection have brought together an excellent set of philosophers to address the previous question. Roughly one half of the contributors are leading senior metaethicists who have already made important contributions to this debate, whereas the rest are younger scholars who were selected through an open call for abstracts. The editors have also provided a helpful overview article and arranged the articles of the volume clearly under three distinct headings ... I can recommend this collection wholeheartedly to everyone who is interested in the judgement internalism debate. I can also recommend many individual articles to those metaethicists who are working on other important questions in metaethics and moral psychology.... it will be interesting to those already engaged in, or making plans to wade into, that debate. The volume would also be suitable as a text for a graduate seminar focused on motivational internalism. The editors' lengthy introductory chapter and shorter introductions to the three sections do an admirable job of introducing less well-traveled readers to unfamiliar terrain. * Gunnar Björnsson, Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews Online *I know of no better way of summarizing how good this collection is than to say that the essays within manage to say new and interesting things about motivational internalism. * Derek Baker, Australasian Journal of Philosophy. *Table of ContentsPreface ; Contributors ; 1 Motivational internalism: Contemporary debates ; Gunnar Bjornsson, Caj Strandberg, Ragnar Francen Olinder, John Eriksson, Fredrik Bjorklund ; I. Evidence ; Introduction to Part I: Evidence for and against motivational internalism ; 2 Evaluative judgements, judgments about reasons, and motivations ; Michael Smith ; 3 Motivational externalism: Formulation, methodology, rationality and indifference ; Nick Zangwill ; 4 An empirical case for motivational internalism ; Jesse Prinz ; 5 Unconditional motivational internalism and Hume's lesson ; Daniel Eggers ; 6 What's required for motivation by principle? ; Jeanette Kennett ; II. Relevance ; Introduction to Part II: The relevance of motivational internalism ; 7 Internalism: Cui bono? ; Michael Ridge ; 8 Pure expressivism and motivational internalism ; Teemu Toppinen ; 9 Can reasons fundamentalism answer the normative question? ; James Dreier ; 10 Naturalistic Moral Realism and Motivational Internalism, From Negative to Positive ; Jon Tresan ; III. Bridging the gap ; Introduction to part III: Bridging the gap between internalism and externalism ; 11 Detecting value with motivational responses ; Sigrun Svavarsdottir ; 12 Intuition and belief in moral motivation ; Antti Kauppinen ; 13 Tempered internalism and the participatory stance ; Kate Manne ; 14 Two functions of moral language: Rethinking the amoralist ; John Thomas Mumm ; Index

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Book SynopsisBorderline personality disorder (BPD) is a potentially severely debilitating psychiatric diagnosis that may affect up to 2% of the general population. Hallmarks of BPD include impulsivity, emotional instability, and poor self-image, and those with BPD have increased risk for self-harm and suicide.Systems Training for Emotional Predictability and Problem Solving (STEPPS) brings together research findings and information on implementation and best practices for a group treatment program for outpatients with BPD. A five-month long program easily learned and delivered by therapists from a wide range of theoretical orientations, STEPPS combines cognitive behavioral therapy, emotion management and behavioral skills training, and psychoeducation with a systems component that involves professional care providers, family, friends, and significant others of persons with BPD. The book provides a detailed description of the program, reviews the body of evidence supporting its use and implementation, and describes its dissemination worldwide and in different settings. Empirical data show that STEPPS is effective and produces clinically important improvement in mood and behavior, while reducing health care utilization. Unique among programs for BPD, STEPPS has been exhaustively studied in correctional systems (both prisons and community corrections), where it is shown to be as effective as in community settings. This volume will be a valuable guide to those in psychiatry, psychology, social work, nursing, and the counseling professions who treat people with BPD.Trade Review"Psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder is now known to be effective. But it tends to be lengthy, expensive, and unavailable. STEPPS provides a brief, cost-effective package that should be a default option for treating these difficult patients. This book, which describes the concepts, methods, and research support behind STEPPS, is timely and welcome."--Joel Paris, MD, Professor of Psychiatry, McGill University, and author, A Concise Guide to Personality Disorders "This book brings together the leading clinicians and researchers working with STEPPS across the globe and provides an essential guide to implementing a much needed front-line intervention for borderline personality disorder."--Carla Sharp, PhD, Professor and Director of Clinical Training, Department of Psychology, The University of Houston "Dr. Black and Ms. Blum have edited a very thoughtful and informative book on the STEPPS program for people with borderline personality disorder. STEPPS is a very well designed and structured treatment, which could help explain why it has been rapidly expanding in its global reach. This book reviews the compelling evidence base for the program and makes an important contribution to the care of these challenging patients."--S. Charles Schulz, MD, Professor, Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota Medical School "The development of STEPPS has been a godsend. Even in the age of evidence-based treatments for borderline personality disorder, the large majority of sufferers have no access to adequate care. With its intelligent focus on psychoeducation in a group setting, STEPPS has been able to fill in the gap in many areas. This book will extend that reach. STEPPS fulfills the critical public need of providing a basic treatment for BPD that is sufficient for some patients and the first step in a longer trajectory for others."--Frank E. Yeomans, MD, PhD, Clinical Associate Professor of Psychiatry, and Director of Training, Personality Disorders Institute, Weill Medical College of Cornell University "In treating borderline personality disorder in community mental health settings, it is vital that evidence-based protocols for treating suicidal behavior be utilized. For treatment settings unable to implement DBT, strong consideration should be given to implementing STEPPS. For this reason, this book is recommended for those who work for or administer community mental health centers, as well mental health programs in other settings, such as correctional settings or group practices." --PsycCRITIQUESTable of ContentsForeword by John Livesley Preface About the Editors Contributors Chapter 1 - Overview of STEPPS: History and Implementation Nancee Blum, Don St. John, Bruce Pfohl, and Donald W. Black Chapter 2 - Research Evidence Supportive of STEPPS Donald W. Black, Nancee Blum, and Jeff Allen Chapter 3 - STEPPS in The Netherlands Horusta Freije Chapter 4 - STEPPS in Different Service Settings in the United Kingdom Renee Harvey Chapter 5 - STEPPS in Correctional Settings Nancee Blum and Donald W. Black Chapter 6 - STEPPS in a Residential Therapeutic Community in Italy Aldo Lombardo Chapter 7 - Introducing STEPPS on an Inpatient Unit in Italy Andrea Fossati, Roberta Alesiani, Silvia Boccalon, Laura Giarolli, Serena Borroni, Antonella Somma Chapter 8 - STEPPS in Adolescent Populations in The Netherlands Marieke Schuppert, Paul Emmelkamp, and Maaike Nauta Chapter 9 - Alternatives to Self-Harm Program (ASH) - A Skills-Based Approach to Complement STEPPS Diane Clare Appendix: STEPPS forms and worksheets Index

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Book SynopsisFoundations of Human Memory provides an introduction to the scientific study of human memory with an emphasis on both the major theories of memory and the laboratory studies that have been used to test those theories and inspire their further development. Written with the undergraduate student in mind, the text assumes no specific background in the subject, but a general familiarity with scientific method and quantitative approaches to the treatment of data. Foundations of human memory is organized around the major empirical paradigms used to study memory in the laboratory and the theories used to explain data obtained using those paradigms. The text begins with a focus on memory for individual items, building up to memory for associations between items, and finally to memory for entire sequences of items and the problem of memory search. Several major theories of memory are considered in detail, including strength theory, summed-similarity theory, neural network based theories, retrieTable of Contents1 Introduction ; 1.1 Historical Background ; 1.2 Association, Context, and Episodic Memory ; 1.3 Methods Used in Studying Memory ; 1.4 The Laws of Repetition and Recency ; 1.5 Cognitivism ; 1.6 Organization of the Book ; 2 Item Recognition ; 2.1 Strength Theory ; 2.2 Multiple Sources of Strength? ; 2.3 Major Findings Concerning Item Recognition ; 2.4 Sternberg's Procedure ; 2.5 Summary and Current Directions ; 2.6 Study Questions ; 3 Attribute Models ; 3.1 Attributes ; 3.2 A Multi-trace Distributed Memory Model ; 3.3 Similarity Effects ; 3.4 The Diffusion Model of Reaction Time ; 3.5 Context Revisited ; 3.6 Summary and Current Directions ; 3.7 List-strength Effect ; 3.8 A Unitrace Attribute Model ; 3.9 Study Questions ; 4 Associations and Cued Recall ; 4.1 Major Associative Tasks ; 4.2 Encoding and Repetition ; 4.3 Recency and List Length ; 4.4 Retrieval Errors ; 4.5 Retroactive Interference and Recovery ; 4.6 Proactive Interference ; 4.7 Context and Interference Theory ; 4.8 Similarity and Interference ; 4.9 Unlearning as Inhibition ; 4.10 Interference Theory: Concluding Remarks ; 4.11 Item and Associative Information ; 4.12 Summary and Current Directions ; 4.13 Study Questions ; 5 Models of Association ; 5.1 The Attribute-Similarity Framework ; 5.2 Neural Network Models ; 5.3 Summary and Current Directions ; 5.4 More on Linear Associators ; 5.5 Project: Cued Recall in a Hopfield Net ; 5.6 Study Questions ; 6 Free Recall and Memory Search ; 6.1 Serial-position Effects ; 6.2 Retrieval Dynamics ; 6.3 Semantic Clustering ; 6.4 Intrusions ; 6.5 Repetition Effects ; 6.6 Summary and Current Directions ; 6.7 Study Questions ; 7 Models of Free Recall ; 7.1 Dual-store Memory Search Models ; 7.2 Testing Dual-Store Models ; 7.3 Problems for Dual-store Models ; 7.4 Single-store retrieved-context models ; 7.5 Testing Retrieved Context Theory ; 7.6 Summary and Current Directions ; 7.7 Study Questions ; 8 Sequence Memory ; 8.1 Serial Recall and Memory Span ; 8.2 Serial-Position Effects ; 8.3 Modality and Suffix Effects: Evidence for a phonological STS? ; 8.4 Recall Errors ; 8.5 Associative Asymmetry ; 8.6 Grouping Effects ; 8.7 Summary and Current Directions ; 8.8 Study Questions ; 9 Theories of Sequence Memory ; 9.1 Associative Chaining ; 9.2 Positional Coding ; 9.3 Eight Critical Findings ; 9.4 Chaining vs. Positional Coding ; 9.5 Hierarchical Associative Theory ; 9.6 Summary and Current Directions ; 9.7 Study Questions ; References ; Author Index ; Index

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Book SynopsisCausal reasoning is one of our most central cognitive competencies, enabling us to adapt to our world. Causal knowledge allows us to predict future events, or diagnose the causes of observed facts. We plan actions and solve problems using knowledge about cause-effect relations. Although causal reasoning is a component of most of our cognitive functions, it has been neglected in cognitive psychology for many decades. The Oxford Handbook of Causal Reasoning offers a state-of-the-art review of the growing field, and its contribution to the world of cognitive science.The Handbook begins with an introduction of competing theories of causal learning and reasoning. In the next section, it presents research about basic cognitive functions involved in causal cognition, such as perception, categorization, argumentation, decision-making, and induction. The following section examines research on domains that embody causal relations, including intuitive physics, legal and moral reasoning, psychopatTrade ReviewFor Kant, causality was one of the pure categories of understanding, hence something of unsurpassable importance for human cognition. This is the first and indeed most comprehensive handbook collecting the rich but widespread psychological research on the cognitive role of the concept of causation. Timely, long-needed, and most useful for many years to come! -Wolfgang Spohn, PhD, Department of Philosophy, University of KonstanzIf you want to understand how people think about what makes the world go round, you have to understand how people reason about causality. In this handbook, Michael Waldmann has outdone previous efforts in offering a complete picture of the available body of knowledge about causal reasoning in a single volume. . . . This volume tells you everything you need to know about the psychology of causal reasoning. -Steven Sloman, PhD, Professor of Cognitive, Linguistic, and Psychological Sciences, Brown UniversityThis is an absolutely terrific, state-of-the-art volume that comprehensively covers a large range of topics in the psychology of causal reasoning. The chapters are of uniformly high quality and the volume as a whole will be of great interest not just to psychologists but to other scholars interested in empirical aspects of causal reasoning, including philosophers, statisticians, and computer scientists. -Jim Woodward, PhD, Professor of History and Philosophy of Science, University of PittsburghTable of ContentsContents 1. Causal Reasoning: An Introduction Michael R. Waldmann Part I: Theories of Causal Cognition 2. Associative Accounts of Causal Cognition Mike E. Le Pelley, Oren Griffiths, and Tom Beesley 3. Rules of Causal Judgment: Mapping Statistical Information Onto Causal Beliefs José C. Perales, Andrés Catena, Antonio Cándido, and Antonio Maldonado 4. The Inferential Reasoning Theory of Causal Learning: Toward a Multi- Process Propositional Account Yannick Boddez, Jan De Houwer, and Tom Beckers 5. Causal Invariance as an Essential Constraint for Creating a Causal Representation of the World: Generalizing the Invariance of Causal Power Patricia W. Cheng and Hongjing Lu 6. The Acquisition and Use of Causal Structure Knowledge Benjamin Margolin Rottman 7. Formalizing Prior Knowledge in Causal Induction Thomas L. Griffiths 8. Causal Mechanisms Samuel G. B. Johnson and Woo-kyoung Ahn 9. Force Dynamics and Causation Phillip Wolff and Robert Thorstad 10. Mental Models and Causation P. N. Johnson- Laird and Sangeet S. Khemlani 11. Pseudocontingencies Klaus Fiedler and Florian Kutzner 12. Singular Causation David Danks 13. Cognitive Neuroscience of Causal Reasoning Joachim T. Operskalski and Aron K. Barbey Part II: Basic Cognitive Functions 14. Visual Impressions of Causality Peter White 15. Goal-Directed Actions Bernhard Hommel 16. Planning and Control Magda Osman 17. Reinforcement Learning and Causal Models Samuel J. Gershman 18. Causation and the Probability of Causal Conditionals David E. Over 19. Causal Models and Conditional Reasoning Mike Oaksford and Nick Chater 20. Concepts as Causal Models: Categorization Bob Rehder 21. Concepts as Causal Models: Induction Bob Rehder 22. Causal Explanation Tania Lombrozo and Nadya Vasilyeva 23. Diagnostic Reasoning Björn Meder and Ralf Mayrhofer 24. Inferring Causal Relations by Analogy Keith J. Holyoak and Hee-Seung Lee 25. Causal Argument Ulrike Hahn, Roland Bluhm, and Frank Zenker 26. Causality in Decision- Making York Hagmayer and Philip M. Fernbach Part III: Domains of Causal Reasoning 27. Intuitive Theories Tobias Gerstenberg and Joshua B. Tenenbaum 28. Space, Time, and Causality Marc J. Buehner 29. Causation in Legal and Moral Reasoning David A. Lagnado and Tobias Gerstenberg 30. The Role of Causal Knowledge in Reasoning About Mental Disorders Woo-kyoung Ahn, Nancy S. Kim, and Matthew S. Lebowitz 31. Causality and Causal Reasoning in Natural Language Torgrim Solstad and Oliver Bott 32. Social Attribution and Explanation Denis Hilton Part IV: Development, Phylogeny, and Culture 33. The Development of Causal Reasoning Paul Muentener and Elizabeth Bonawitz 34. Causal Reasoning in Non-Human Animals Christian Schloegl and Julia Fischer 35. Causal Cognition and Culture Andrea Bender, Sieghard Beller, and Douglas L. Medin Index

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Book SynopsisMark Wilson investigates the way we get to grips with the world conceptually, and the way that philosophical problems commonly arise from this. He combines traditional philosophical concerns about human conceptual thinking with illuminating data derived from physics and applied mathematics, cognitive psychology, and linguistics.Trade ReviewLate Twentieth Century philosophical theories of concepts confine their movements within a surprisingly constrained Carnapian compass...But there is something wholly new under the sun. Mark Wilson's Wandering Significance represents the intrusion into this tired tradition of a theoretical approach that is both strikingly original and genuinely deep. The evidence, considerations, and ideas he brings into play do not stem from any recognizable prior philosophical school, constellation, or tradition. What he offers is new conceptual framework that is motivated and supported by concrete, detailed investigations of actual concepts "under a microscope" and "pushed to the limit". * Robert Brandom, Philosophical and Phenomenological Research *This monumental volume aims to redirect philosophical work on concepts towards explaining how we can successfully navigate the daunting complexity of the natural world. * Christopher Pincock, Philosophia Mathematica *Table of Contents1. Wide Screen ; 2. Lost Chords ; 3. Classical Glue ; 4. Theory Facades ; 5. The Practical Go of It ; 6. The Virtues of Cracked Reasoning ; 7. Linguistic Wayfaring ; 8. Song of the Master Idea ; 9. Semantic Mimicry ; 10. The Critic of Nature and Genius

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Book SynopsisThis book presents a state-of-the-art account of what we know and would like to know about language, mind, and brain. Chapters by leading researchers in linguistics, psycholinguistics, language acquisition, cognitive neuroscience, comparative cognitive psychology, and evolutionary biology are framed by an introduction and conclusion by Noam Chomsky, who places the biolinguistic enterprise in an historical context and helps define its agenda for the future.The questions explored include: What is our tacit knowledge of language?What is the faculty of language?How does it develop in the individual?How is that knowledge put to use?How is it implemented in the brain?How did that knowledge emerge in the species?The book includes the contributor''s key discussions, which dramatically bring to life their enthusiasm for the enterprise and skill in communicating across disciplines. Everyone seriously interested in how language works and why it works the way it does are certain to find, if not alTrade ReviewThe sheer empirical reach of the book makes it essential reading... David Kirkby, University of DurhamTable of ContentsPART 1: OVERTURES; PART 2: ON LANGUAGE; PART 3: ON ACQUISITION; PART 4: OPEN TALKS ON OPEN INQUIRIES

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Book SynopsisRobert Cummins presents a series of essays motivated by the following question: Is the mind a collection of beliefs and desires that respond to and condition our feeling and perceptual experiences, or is this just a natural way to talk about it? What sort of conceptual framework do we need to understand what is really going on in our brains?Trade ReviewThe papers in this collection constitute an important and stimulating contribution to these debates ... Researchers working on these and related issues will greatly benefit from the lucid and thought-provoking discussions gathered here. * Mind *Table of ContentsAcknowledgements ; Preface ; 1. What it is like to be a computer ; 2. The LOT of the causal theory of mental content ; 3. Systematicity ; 4. Systematicity and the cognition of the structured domains with Jim Blackmon, David Byrd, Pierre Poirier, Martin Roth, and Georg Schwarz ; 5. Methodological reflections on belief ; 6. Inexplicit information ; 7. Representation and indication with Pierre Poirier ; 8. Representation and unexploited content with Jim Blackmon, David Byrd, Alexa Lee, and Martin Roth ; 9. Haugeland on representation and intentionality ; 10. Truth and meaning ; 11. Meaning and content in cognitive science with Martin Roth ; 12. Representational specialization: the synthetic a priori revisited ; 13. Biological preparedness and evolutionary explanation with Denise Dellarosa Cummins ; 14. Cognitive evolutionary psychology without representational nativism ; 15. Connectionism and the rationale constraint on cognitive explanation ; 16. 'How does it work?' vs. 'What are the laws?': Two conceptions of psychological explanation

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Book SynopsisJesse Prinz argues that recent work in philosophy, neuroscience, and anthropology supports two radical hypotheses about the nature of morality: moral values are based on emotional responses, and these emotional responses are inculcated by culture, not hard-wired through natural selection. In the first half of the book, Jesse Prinz defends the hypothesis that morality has an emotional foundation. Evidence from brain imaging, social psychology, and psychopathology suggest that, when we judge something to be right or wrong, we are merely expressing our emotions. Prinz argues that these emotions do not track objective features of reality; rather, the rightness and wrongness of an act consists in the fact that people are disposed to have certain emotions towards it. In the second half of the book, he turns to a defence of moral relativism. Moral facts depend on emotional responses, and emotional responses vary from culture to culture. Prinz surveys the anthropological record to establish moTrade Review[an] excellent new book... an intelligent and provocative account * Tamler Sommers, Times Literary Supplement *a good book. Prinz has a roaming, eager mind that is fun to engage with, and his defense of sensibility theory is full of new resources that promise to invigorate the metaethical debate. On almost every page there is something to excite one's interest * Richard Joyce, Mind *Table of ContentsPART I. MORALITY AND EMOTION; PART II. CONSTRUCTING MORALS

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Book SynopsisVision dominates philosophical thinking about perception, and theorizing about experience in cognitive science has traditionally focused on a visual model. In a radical departure from established practice, Casey O''Callaghan provides a systematic treatment of sound and sound experience, and shows how thinking about audition and appreciating the relationships between multiple sense modalities can enrich our understanding of perception and the mind. Sounds proposes a novel theory of sounds and auditory perception. Against the widely accepted philosophical view that sounds are among the secondary or sensible qualities, O''Callaghan argues that, on any perceptually plausible account, sounds are events. But this does not imply that sounds are waves that propagate through a medium, such as air or water. Rather, sounds are events that take place in one''s environment at or near the objects and happenings that bring them about. This account captures the way in which sounds essentially are creaTrade ReviewReview from previous edition Sounds is impressive. It is carefully argued and well-written. . . . In addition to presenting a novel theory of sounds, he sets a stage on which other theorists must perform by articulating challenges that any account of sounds must meet. This book will be of interest to anyone working in the philosophy of perception. . . . Philosophers have a lot to learn by attending to distinct sense modalities and how they interact, and O'Callaghan's book is an excellent place to start. * John Kulvicki, Mind *The prose and arguments are very clearly framed and the book reads well ... There is much to tweak one's interest. * Don Ihde, International Journal of Philosophical Studies *A great deal of effort has been expended within both of these excellent books in order to contribute to the transformation of the philosophical study of sound and auditory perception ... as an exercise of paradigm-shifting and consciousness-raising, the potential impact of Sounds is huge. * Anthony Gritten, British Journal of Aesthetics, (Review of Sounds and Sounds and Perception) *Table of ContentsPreface ; 1. Sonic realism ; 2. What is a sound? ; 3. The locations of sounds ; 4. The argument from vacuums ; 5. Sounds as events ; 6. Audible qualities ; 7. Sound-related phenomena ; 8. The argument from echoes ; 9. Echoes ; 10. Hearing recorded sounds ; 11. Cross-modal illusions ; References ; Index

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Book SynopsisDecision Theory and Rationality offers a challenging new interpretation of a key theoretical tool in the human and social sciences. This accessible book argues, contrary to orthodoxy in politics, economics, and management science, that decision theory cannot provide a theory of rationality.Trade ReviewReview from previous edition This fine book conducts a deep analysis and subtle evaluation of decision theory... Many valuable points about decision theory and rationality arise during this book's meticulous, probing examination of various accounts of utility, outcomes, and consistency among choices over time... Any student of decision theory, even one who disagrees with the book's conclusion about the theory's contribution to an understanding of rationality, will profit from the book's careful analysis of the theory. * Paul Weirich, Ethics *Bermúdez makes an important contribution to an area that has already generated a great deal of debate. His description of the challenges to decision theory and the strategies for addressing them is thought provoking. If he succeeds in making psychologists and others more reluctant to use the word rationality, it will be no great loss. * Gordon Pitz, Contemporary Psychology *This book does an admirable job of surveying and engaging the different possible responses to the challenges it addresses, so it is particularly worth reading to get a nuanced picture of the state of the field... the book gives us not only a thorough assessment of the various challenges facing decision theory, but also a clear way to frame discussion of the relationships among the different purposes decision theory might serve. * Lara Buchak, Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews *Table of Contents1. Decision theory and the dimensions of rationality ; 2. The first challenge: Making sense of utility and preference ; 3. The second challenge: Individuating outcomes ; 4. The third challenge: Rationality over time ; 5. Rationality: Crossing the fault lines? ; Bibliography

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Book SynopsisThe senses can be powerful triggers for memories of our past, eliciting a range of both positive and negative emotions. In this book we explore what is so special about sense memories, how they work in the brain, how they can enrich our daily life, and even how they can help those suffering from problems involving memory.

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Book SynopsisWhat do we do when we view a work of art? What does it mean to have an aesthetic experience? Are such experiences purely in the eye (and brain) of the beholder? Such questions have entertained philosophers for millennia and psychologists for over a century. More recently, with the advent of functional neuroimaging methods, a handful of ambitious brain scientists have begun to explore the neural correlates of such experiences. The notion of aesthetics is generally linked to the way art evokes an hedonic response--we like it or we don''t. Of course, a multitude of factors can influence such judgments, such as personal interest, past experience, prior knowledge, and cultural biases. In this book, philosophers, psychologists, and neuroscientists were asked to address the nature of aesthetic experiences from their own discipline''s perspective. In particular, we asked these scholars to consider whether a multidisciplinary approach, an aesthetic science, could help connect mind, brain, and aTrade Review"Shimamura and Palmer's excellent book resurrects Gustav Theodor Fechner's plan from the 1870s for an empirical science of art and aesthetics, a project which briefly flourished before withering during the 20th century. In a millennial renaissance, the cognitive sciences have readdressed art and aesthetics, in what Shimamura and Palmer aptly call 'Aesthetic Science'." -- Chris McManus, Professor of Psychology and Medical Education at University College LondonTable of ContentsIntroduction ; 1. Toward a Science of Aesthetics: Ideas and Issues ; Arthur P. Shimamura ; Part I: Philosophical Perspectives ; 2. The Philosophy of Art and Aesthetics, Psychology, and Neuroscience: Studies in Literature, Visual Arts, and Music ; Noel Carroll, Margaret Moore, & William P. Seeley ; 3. Aesthetic Theory and Aesthetic Science: Prospects for Integration ; Vincent Bergeron and Dominic McIver Lopes ; 4. Triangulating Aesthetic Experience ; Murray Smith ; 5. Art and the Anthropologists ; Gregory Currie ; 6. Aesthetic Science and Artistic Knowledge ; Blake Gopnik ; Part II: Psychological Perspectives ; 7. Empirical Investigation of an Aesthetic Experience with Art ; Paul J. Locher ; 8. Hidden Knowledge in Aesthetic Judgments: Preferences for Colors and Spatial Compositions ; Stephen E. Palmer, Karen B. Schloss, and Jonathan S. Gardner ; 9. Processing Fluency, Aesthetic Pleasure, and Culturally Shared Taste ; Rolf Reber ; 10. Human Emotions and Aesthetic Experience ; Paul J. Silvia ; 11. Artistic Development: The Three Essential Spheres ; Kimberly M. Sheridan and Howard Gardner ; Part III: Neuroscience Perspectives ; 12. Neuroaesthetics: Growing Pains of a New Discipline ; Anjan Chatterjee ; 13. The Modularity of Aesthetic Processing and Perception in the Human Brain: Functional Neuroimaging Studies of Neuroaesthetics ; Ulrich Kirk ; 14. Art Compositions Elicit Distributed Activation in the Human Brain ; Alumit Ishai ; 15. A Cognitive and Behavioral Neurological Approach to Aesthetics ; Zachary A. Miller & Bruce L. Miller ; 16. Neurology of Visual Aesthetics: Indian Nymphs, Modern Art, and Sexy Beaks ; V. S. Ramachandran and Elizabeth Seckel

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Book SynopsisExplaining Creativity is an accessible introduction to the latest scientific research on creativity. The book summarizes and integrates a broad range of research in psychology and related scientific fields. In the last 40 years, psychologists, anthropologists, and sociologists have devoted increased attention to creativity; we now know more about creativity than at any point in history. Explaining Creativity considers not only arts like painting and writing, but also science, stage performance, business innovation, and creativity in everyday life. Sawyer''s approach is interdisciplinary. In addition to examining psychological studies on creativity, he draws on anthropologists'' research on creativity in non-Western cultures, sociologists'' research on the situations, contexts, and networks of creative activity, and cognitive neuroscientists'' studies of the brain. He moves beyond the individual to consider the social and cultural contexts of creativity, including the role of collaboratTrade ReviewR. Keith Sawyer's second edition of Explaining Creativity: The Science of Human Innovation is so expanded that it is a truly different book from the first edition. The first edition was (correctly) praised and appreciated; the second edition is required reading for anyone interested in the topic. In a just world, Sawyer's thorough and nuanced volume would be the best seller... Sawyer's book is easily the most thorough creativity text on the market. Graduate students and burgeoning researchers will want this book on their shelves. We highly recommend this book. * PsyCritiques *Sawyer has put together a mountain of research from a variety of fields to create a unified approach to understanding how people manage to do something different. His book is readable and learned, origninal, but mindful of its relation to all that other work, and well worth the attention of anyone who wants to think seriously about innovation in the arts and in social organizations. * Howard S. Becker, author of Art World, Tricks of the Trade and Outsiders (for the previous edition) *An extremely knowledgable, wide-ranging, integrative summary of how the social sciences understand creativity. Keith Sawyer has again produced an intelligent and valuable contribution to knowledge. This is a volume that any scholar or lay-person interested in what creativity entails will want to have. * Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, Director, Quality of Life Research Center and C.S. and D.J. Davidson, Professor, Peter F. Drucker School of Management, Claremont Graduate University (for the previous edition) *With the publication of Explaining Creativity, Keith Sawyer has emerged as the leading young scholar and proponent of a sociocultural approach to the study of creativity. And with his remarkable grasp of this young field, Professor Sawyer has written the most comprehensive and compelling work on creativity studies in years. * David Henry Feldman, Professor, Eliot-Pearson Department of Child Development, Tufts University, and author of Changing the World (for the previous edition) *Without doubt Explaining Creativity is the most comprehensive single-volume presentation of what we know about the creative process, person, and product. Besides that, the book is extremely well written. It would be my first recommendation for anyone fascinated with creativity in all of its complexities and manifestations. There's simply nothing better out there for either specialist or general reader. * Dean Keith Simonton, Distinguished Professor, Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, and author of Origins of Genius *Table of ContentsPart I: Conceptions ; Chapter 1: Introduction ; Chapter 2: Conceptions of Creativity ; Part II: Individualist Approaches ; Chapter 3: Defining creativity through assessment ; Chapter 4: The creative personality ; Chapter 5: The creative process, part 1 ; Chapter 6: The creative process, part 2 ; Chapter 7: The creative process, part 3 ; Chapter 8: Computer simulations of the creative process ; Chapter 9: Biology and creativity ; Chapter 10: Cognitive neuroscience and creativity ; Part III: Sociocultural Approaches ; Chapter 11: Sociology ; Chapter 12: Group creativity ; Chapter 13: Organizational creativity ; Chapter 14: Culture and creativity ; Chapter 15: History and creativity ; Part IV: Creativity in the Domains ; Chapter 16: Visual Arts ; Chapter 17: Writing ; Chapter 18: Music ; Chapter 19: Theater ; Chapter 20: Science ; Part V: Everyday Creativity ; Chapter 21: Education and creativity ; Chapter 22: How to be more creative ; Chapter 23: Conclusion: The future of creativity ; Appendices ; The domain of creativity research ; Appendix A: Creativity timeline ; Appendix B: Creativity overviews ; Appendix C: Journals that publish creativity research ; Appendix D: Influential books in creativity research ; Appendix E: Journal special issues ; The field of creativity research ; Appendix F: Important creativity researchers ; Appendix G: Colleges and universities with a degree or certificate in creativity ; Appendix H: Professional associations and conferences ; References

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Book SynopsisWhen we hear music we don't just listen; we move along with it. Hearing in Time explores our innate propensity for rhythmic synchronization, drawing on research in music psychology, neurobiology, music theory, and mathematics. It looks at music from a wide range of musical styles and cultures.Trade ReviewLondon's book clearly provides the single best introduction to, and summary of, a century of psychological and theoretical study into the nature of musical meter and rhythm. For both music scholars and performers, this text offers an unbiased, reliable, and wide-ranging discussion of these important concepts. * Robert Gjerdingen, Music Theory Program, Northwestern University School of Music *Table of ContentsTable of Contents ; Introduction ; Meter as a Kind of Attentional Behavior ; Relevant research on Rhythmic Perception and Production ; The Neurobiology and Development of Rhythm ; Meter-Rhythm Interactions I: Ground Rules ; Metric Representations and Metric Well-Formedness ; Meter-Rhythm Interactions II: Problems ; Metric Flux in Beethoven's Fifth ; Non-Isochronous Meters ; NI-Meters in Theory and Practice ; The Many Meters Hypothesis ; Conclusion ; Notes ; Bibliography ; Index

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Book SynopsisWhen historian Charles Weiner found pages of Nobel Prize-winning physicist Richard Feynman''s notes, he saw it as a record of Feynman''s work. Feynman himself, however, insisted that the notes were not a record but the work itself. In Supersizing the Mind , Andy Clark argues that our thinking doesn''t happen only in our heads but that certain forms of human cognizing include inextricable tangles of feedback, feed-forward and feed-around loops: loops that promiscuously criss-cross the boundaries of brain, body and world. The pen and paper of Feynman''s thought are just such feedback loops, physical machinery that shape the flow of thought and enlarge the boundaries of mind. Drawing upon recent work in psychology, linguistics, neuroscience, artificial intelligence, robotics, human-computer systems, and beyond, Supersizing the Mind offers both a tour of the emerging cognitive landscape and a sustained argument in favor of a conception of mind that is extended rather than brain-bound. The importance of this new perspective is profound. If our minds themselves can include aspects of our social and physical environments, then the kinds of social and physical environments we create can reconfigure our minds and our capacity for thought and reason.brilliant...[providing] the best argument I''ve seen for the idea that minds are smeared over more space than neuroscience might have us believe - New Scientist Supersizing the Mind is an important book for cognitive-science theorists of all stripes.... Although traditional and radical theorists are likely to remain unconvinced, there can be no doubt that Supersizing the Mind will set the terms for many of the coming debates.-- Times Literary Supplement ...it offers original thinking in the philosophy of mind, and it is highly recommended for academic collections in that subject.-- Library Journal In Supersizing the Mind, philosopher Andy Clark makes the compelling argument that the mind extends beyond the body to include the tools, symbols and other artefacts we deploy to engage the world.... Supersizing the Mind is a treat to read. It is brimming with remarkable ideas, novel insights and amusing language.--NatureTrade Reviewbrilliant...providing the best argument I've seen for the idea that minds are smeared over more space than neuroscience might have us believe. * New Scientist *Table of ContentsForward: By David Chalmers

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Book Synopsis... and still we could never suppose that fortune were to be so friendly to us, such as to allow us to be perhaps the first in handling, as it were, the electricity concealed in nerves, in extracting it from nerves, and, in some way, in putting it under everyone''s eyes. With these words, Luigi Galvani announced to the world in 1791 his discovery that nervous conduction and muscle excitation are electrical phenomena. The result of more than years of intense experimental work, Galvani''s milestone achievement concluded a thousand-year scientific search, in a field long dominated by the antiquated beliefs of classical science. Besides laying the grounds for the development of the modern neurosciences, Galvani''s discovery also brought to light an invention that would forever change humankind''s everyday life: the electric battery of Alessandro Volta. In an accessible style, written for specialists and general readers alike, Shocking Frogs retraces the steps of both scientific discoveriesTrade ReviewShocking Frogs is thoroughly enjoyable and rich in detail. Indeed, it would add to anyones knowledge, including that of the expert historian. * Harry A. Whitaker, PhD, Department of Psychology, Northern Michigan University, in 'Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology', Vol. 29, No. 1, March 2016 *Table of ContentsForeword ; Authors' preface to the Italian edition ; Authors' preface to the English edition ; Acknowledgments ; 1. Galvani, Volta and the forgotten electrophysiology ; 2. "Truth and usefulness": medicine and natural philosophy in the eighteenth century ; 2.1 Galvani's education in Bologna: the University, the Institute of Sciences, and the hospitals ; 2.2. Galvani's professional career ; 2.3 Galvani's early anatomo-physiological investigation ; 3. Animal spirits, vital forces, and electricity: nervous conduction and muscular motion in the eighteenth century ; 3.1 The debate on Hallerian irritability ; 3.2 The study of electricity in the eighteenth century ; 3.3. "Artificial" electricity, "natural" electricity and their role in the human body ; 3.4. Electric fish ; 4. Artificial electricity, the spark, and the nervous fluid: Galvani's early research on muscular motion ; 4.1 The beginning of electrophysiological experimentation ; 4.2. A "problematic" turn: the observation of contractions at a distance ; 4.3. Galvani's Saggio sulla forza nervea of 1782 ; 5. A "fortunate" discovery: Galvani's theory of animal electricity ; 5.1. The study of "airs" in relation to the living organism ; 5.2. The effects of atmospheric electricity on muscular motion and the discovery of metal arcs ; 5.3. The model of the muscle as an animal Leyden jar ; 5.4. The final elaboration of the theory of animal electricity ; 6. The controversy between Galvani and Volta over animal electricity: the first stage ; 6.1. Galvani's work in the scientific culture of the late eighteenth century ; 6.2 Volta's early research on animal electricity: quantification, muscular physiology, and the "special theory of contact electricity" ; 6.3. Galvani's Trattato dell'arco conduttore: the criticism against Volta and the notion of a circuit of animal electricity ; 7. The controversy between Galvani and Volta over animal electricity: the second stage ; 7.1. Volta's "general theory of contact electricity" ; 7.2. Galvani's reply to Volta's criticisms and the1797 Memorie sulla elettricita animale ; 7.3 Galvani's research on electric fish and the various forms of electricity ; 7.4 The conclusion of the Galvani-Volta controversy ; 8. The electrophysiological work of Alessandro Volta ; 8.1 Volta and life sciences ; 8.2 Volta's research on sensations ; 8.3 Sensation and muscular motion in Volta's "chain" experiments ; 8.4 Volta's research on electric fishes and the invention of the electric battery ; 9. From Galvani to Hodgkin and beyond: the central problem of electrophysiology in the last two centuries ; 9.1 Measuring animal electricity ; 9.2 Nervous conduction: propagated electric signal and the firing of a train of gun-powder ; 9.3. The involvement of animal electricity in nerve conduction demonstrated ; 10. Neuromuscular excitability: the modern explanation ; 10.1 Cell membrane and ions: a machine generating electric potentials ; 10.2. The electric mechanism of nerve conduction and muscle excitation ; 11. Concluding remarks ; Bibliography

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Table of ContentsAcknowledgements ; List of contributors ; About the companion web site ; Chapter 1. Introduction (Martin Clayton, Byron Dueck and Laura Leante) ; Chapter 2. Entrainment, ethnography and musical interaction (Martin Clayton) ; Chapter 3. Social co-regulation and communication in North Indian duo performances (Nikki Moran) ; Chapter 4. Groove: temporality, awareness and the feeling of entrainment in jazz performance (Mark Doffman) ; Chapter 5. Performing the Rosary: meanings of time in Afro-Brazilian Congado music (Glaura Lucas) ; Chapter 6. Performance and shame (Andy McGuiness) ; Chapter 7. Rhythm and role recruitment in Manitoban aboriginal vocal and instrumental music (Byron Dueck) ; Chapter 8. Imagery, gesture and listeners' construction of meaning in North Indian classical music (Laura Leante) ; Chapter 9. Embodiment and movement in musical performance (Martin Clayton and Laura Leante) ; References

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Book SynopsisThe Aesthetic Brain takes the reader on a wide-ranging journey through the world of beauty, pleasure, and art. Chatterjee uses neuroscience to probe how an aesthetic sense is etched in our minds and evolutionary psychology to explain why aesthetic concerns feature centrally in our lives. Along the way, Chatterjee addresses fundamental questions: What is beauty? Is beauty universal? How is beauty related to pleasure? What is art? Should art be beautiful? Do we have an instinct for art? Chatterjee starts by probing the reasons that we find people, places, and even numbers beautiful. At the root of beauty, he finds, is pleasure. He then examines our pleasures by dissecting why we want and why we like food, sex, and money and how these rewards relate to aesthetic encounters. His ruminations on beauty and pleasure prepare him and the reader to face art. He wanders through the problems of defining art, understanding contemporary art, and interpreting ancient art. He explores why art, somethiTrade ReviewIn this book, Dr Anjan Chatterjee. . . introduces us to the emerging field of neuroasthetics. . . In his cogent review of the long history of human artifact-making art, he carefully considers the many definitions of aesthetics, art, and beauty. . . The author comes to his persuasive conclusion after having carefully examined prehistoric art objects, the history of art, evolutionary biology, brain anatomy, and functional studies. * Roy G. Fitzgerald, MD, Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, Vol. 76, October 2015 *Table of ContentsPREFACE ; INTRODUCTION ; BEAUTY ; 1. What is this thing called beauty? ; 2. Captivating faces ; 3. The measure of facial beauty ; 4. The body beautiful ; 5. How the brain works ; 6. Brains behind beauty ; 7. Evolving beauty ; 8. Landscapes ; 9. Numbering beauty ; 10. The illogic of beauty ; PLEASURE ; 1. What is this thing called pleasure? ; 2. Food ; 3. Sex ; 4. Money ; 5. Liking, wanting, learning ; 6. The logic of pleasure ; ART ; 1. What is this thing called art? ; 2. Art: Biology and culture ; 3. Descriptive science of the arts ; 4. Experimental science of the arts ; 5. Conceptual art ; 6. The inception of art ; 7. Messy minds ; 8. Evolving art ; 9. Art: A tail or a song? ; 10. The serendipity of art

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Book SynopsisIt has been widely acknowledged that in the past few decades, there has been a ''narrative turn'' - an interest in the storied nature of human life. However, very little work has discussed the role of imagination. Narrative Imagination and Everyday Life looks at how stories and imagination come together in our daily lives, influencing not only our thoughts about what we see and do, but also our contemplation of what is possible and what our limitations are. Without imagination, we are forever doomed to the here and now. But our imaginations are always influenced by our own particular experiences, which we recount to ourselves and others through stories - both told and untold. Combining scholarly research with personal experience, Andrews examines how story and imagination come together in different areas of life such as education, politics, and aging. She focuses on the importance of the narrative imagination when listening to the experiences of others who have very different experiencTrade ReviewThe sauce of this book is thickened by Andrewss vivid autoethnographic styleshe describes brief moments of clarity while sharing space with two million people at Obamas second inauguration or talking with her daughters friends about growing up. Such encounters show that there are stories everywhere, and so our work as oral history scholars and teachers is to stir conversations that embrace the transformative role of our imaginative, and sometimes imagined, lives. * Clive Muir, Stephen F. Austin State University; Oral History Review *Table of ContentsAcknowledgements ; Chapter One: Introduction: Trafficking In Human Possibilities ; Chapter Two: Knowledge, Belief, And Disbelief ; Chapter Three: Ageing ; Chapter Four: Education ; Chapter Five: Politics ; Conclusion ; Bibliography

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Book SynopsisOver recent years, the psychology of concepts has been rejuvenated by new work on prototypes, inventive ideas on causal cognition, the development of neo-empiricist theories of concepts, and the inputs of the budding neuropsychology of concepts. But our empirical knowledge about concepts has yet to be organized in a coherent framework.In Doing without Concepts, Edouard Machery argues that the dominant psychological theories of concepts fail to provide such a framework and that drastic conceptual changes are required to make sense of the research on concepts in psychology and neuropsychology. Machery shows that the class of concepts divides into several distinct kinds that have little in common with one another and that for this very reason, it is a mistake to attempt to encompass all known phenomena within a single theory of concepts. In brief, concepts are not a natural kind. Machery concludes that the theoretical notion of concept should be eliminated from the theoretical apparatus oTrade ReviewEven if one is not convinced by Machery's idea that concepts are not natural kinds, and that'concept' needs to be eliminated from the vocabulary of psychology, Doing without Concepts might still be taken as convincingly showing that in their search for the properties common to most or all concepts, psychologists have been looking in the wrong place. * André J. Abath, The Psychological Quarterly Vol 62 No 244 July 2011 *Table of ContentsList of Figures ; List of Tables ; Preface ; Acknowledgments ; Permissions ; Chapter 1. Concepts in Psychology ; 1. "Concept" in Psychology ; 2. Evidence for the Existence of Concepts ; 3. What is a Psychological Theory of Concepts? ; 4. Alternative Characterizations of the Notion of Concept ; Chapter 2. Concepts in Philosophy ; 1. "Concept" in Philosophy ; 2. Concepts in Philosophy versus Concepts in Psychology ; 3. How are the Psychological and the Philosophical Theories of Concepts Connected? Peacocke's Simple Account ; 4. How are the Psychological and the Philosophical Theories of Concepts Connected? The Foundationalist Account ; Chapter 3. The Heterogeneity Hypothesis ; 1. The Received View ; 2. The Heterogeneity Hypothesis ; 3. Hybrid Theories of Concepts ; Chapter 4. Three Fundamental Kinds of Concepts: Prototypes, Exemplars, Theories ; 1. The Classical Theory of concepts ; 2. The Prototype Paradigm of Concepts ; 3. The Exemplar Paradigm of Concepts ; 4. The Theory Paradigm of Concepts ; 5. Alternative Views of Concepts ; 6. Three Theoretical Entities that Have Little in Common ; Chapter 5. Multi-Process Theories ; 1. Multi-Process Theories ; 2. Examples of Multi-Process Theories ; Chapter 6. Categorization and Concept Learning ; 1. Categorization and Concept Learning ; 2. Studying Categorization and Concept Learning ; 3. Evidence for the Existence of Prototypes ; 4. Evidence for the Existence of Exemplars ; 5. Evidence for the Existence of Theories ; 6. Organization of the Categorization Processes and of the Concept Learning Processes ; Chapter 7. Induction, Concept Combination, Neuropsychology ; 1. Induction ; 2. Concept Combination ; 3. Neuropsychology ; Chapter 8. Concept Eliminativism ; 1. Two Inconclusive Arguments against the Notion of Concept ; 2. Natural Kinds and Scientific Eliminativism ; 3. The Argument for the Elimination of "Concept" ; 4. Objections and Replies ; Conclusion ; References ; Index of Names ; Index of Subjects

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Book SynopsisOnly human beings have a rich conceptual repertoire with concepts like tort, entropy, Abelian group, mannerism, icon and deconstruction. How have humans constructed these concepts? And once they have been constructed by adults, how do children acquire them? While primarily focusing on the second question, in The Origin of Concepts , Susan Carey shows that the answers to both overlap substantially.Carey begins by characterizing the innate starting point for conceptual development, namely systems of core cognition. Representations of core cognition are the output of dedicated input analyzers, as with perceptual representations, but these core representations differ from perceptual representations in having more abstract contents and richer functional roles. Carey argues that the key to understanding cognitive development lies in recognizing conceptual discontinuities in which new representational systems emerge that have more expressive power than core cognition and are also incommensuraTrade ReviewAnyone with the slightest interest in the nature of mathematics should give [Carey] serious study. * James Robert Brown and James Davies, Philosophical Quarterly *Table of Contents1. Some Preliminaries ; 2. The Initial Representational Repertoire: The Empiricist Picture ; 3. Core Object Cognition ; 4. Core Cognition: Number ; 5. Core Cognition: Agency ; 6. Representations of Cause ; 7. Language and Core Cognition ; 8. Beyond Core Cognition: Natural Number ; 9. Beyond the Numeral List Representation of Integers ; 10. Beyond Core Object Cognition ; 11. The Process of Conceptual Change ; 12. Conclusion I: The Origins of Concepts ; 13. Conclusion II: Implications for a Theory of Concepts ; References ; Index of Names ; Index of Subjects

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Book SynopsisWe live in an age of scientific collaboration, popular uprisings, failing political parties, and increasing corporate power. Many of these kinds of collective action derive from the decisions of intelligent and powerful leaders, and many others emerge as a result of the aggregation of individual interests. But genuinely collective mentality remains a seductive possibility. This book develops a novel approach to distributed cognition and collective intentionality. It argues that genuine cognition requires the capacity to engage in flexible goal-directed behavior, and that this requires specialized representational systems that are integrated in a way that yields fluid and skillful coping with environmental contingencies. In line with this argument, the book claims that collective mentality should be posited where and only where specialized subroutines are integrated to yields goal-directed behavior that is sensitive to the concerns that are relevant to a group as such. Unlike traditionaTrade Reviewan original and thought-provoking book that advances the field of cognitive science in a number of theoretically and practically important directions. * Matteo Colombo, Minds & Machines *In this book, Bryce Huebner articulates and defends the hypothesis of collective mentality, the claim that some collectives 'are minded' or have psychologies in the same sense as individuals. His approach is relentlessly and impressively naturalistic in setting a defense of this surprising hypothesis within a detailed computational theory of individual cognition. [It] is the most sophisticated defense of collective mentality based in cognitive science yet offered. * John Sutton, Professor of Cognitive Science, Macquarie University *Table of ContentsPart I: Macrocognition: A new foundation for a theory of collective mentality ; 1. Why bother with collective mentality? ; 2. Missteps on the road to macrocognition ; 3. One step closer on the road to macrocognition ; 4. A Plausible foundation for macrocognition ; Part II: Toward a more complete theory of collective mentality ; 5. Is collective mentality intuitively implausible? ; 6. The explanatory superfluity of collective mentality, Part I ; 7. The explanatory superfluity of collective mentality, Part II ; 8. Collective selves and collective personhood ; 9. Different kinds of collective minds ; 10. Conclusion ; References ; Index

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Book SynopsisWhat do we see? We are visually conscious of colors and shapes, but are we also visually conscious of complex properties such as being John Malkovich? In this book, Susanna Siegel develops a framework for understanding the contents of visual experience, and argues that these contents involve all sorts of complex properties. Siegel starts by analyzing the notion of the contents of experience, and by arguing that theorists of all stripes should accept that experiences have contents. She then introduces a method for discovering the contents of experience: the method of phenomenal contrast. This method relies only minimally on introspection, and allows rigorous support for claims about experience. She then applies the method to make the case that we are conscious of many kinds of properties, of all sorts of causal properties, and of many other complex properties. She goes on to use the method to help analyze difficult questions about our consciousness of objects and their role in the conteTrade ReviewThis is a clearly argued book that is well worth careful study. * Heather Logue, Mind *This is an impressive book. It is rich in powerful and thought-provoking arguments, stimulating ideas, astute observations and instructive examples. * Barry Maund, Analysis *this is a clearly argued book that is well worth careful study. Siegel offers us a way to get a handle on questions about visual content - the method of phenomenal contrast - that is considerably more promising than methods that have been hitherto employed. * Heather Logue, Mind *Table of ContentsIntroduction: Seeing John Malkovich ; The Content View ; Why does it matter whether the Rich Content View is true? ; How can we decide whether the Rich Content View is true? ; Part I: Contents ; Chapter 1: Experiences ; 1.1 States of seeing and phenomenal states ; 1.2 Visual perceptual experiences ; Chapter 2: The Content View ; 2.1 Contents as accuracy conditions ; 2.2 The Argument from Accuracy ; 2.3 A flaw in the Argument from Accuracy ; 2.4 The Argument from Appearing ; 2.5 Two objections from 'looks', 'appears' and their cognates ; 2.6 The significance of the Content View ; Chapter 3: How Can We Discover the Contents of Experience? ; 3.1 Introspection ; 3.2 Naturalistic theories of content ; 3.3 The method of phenomenal contrast ; Part II: Properties ; Chapter 4: Kinds ; 4.1 The examples ; 4.2 The premises ; 4.3 Content externalism ; Chapter 5: Causation ; 5.1 The Causal Thesis ; 5.2 Michotte's results ; 5.3 Unity in experience ; 5.4 Non-causal contents ; 5.5 Raw feels ; 5.6 Non-sensory experiences ; Part III: Objects ; Chapter 6: The Role of Objects in the Contents of Experience ; 6.1 Strong and Weak Veridicality ; 6.2 The contents of states of seeing ; 6.3 The contents of phenomenal states ; 6.4 Phenomenal states: Internalism vs. Pure Disjunctivism ; 6.5 Why Internalism? ; Chapter 7: Subject and Object in the Contents of Experience ; 7.1 Subject-independence and Perspectival Connectedness ; 7.2 The Good and the Odd ; 7.3 Complex contents ; 7.4 Objections and replies ; Chapter 8: The Strong Content View revisited

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Book SynopsisFew conversational topics can be as significant as our troubles in life, whether everyday and commonplace, or more exceptional and disturbing. In groundbreaking research conducted with John Lee at the University of Manchester UK, Gail Jefferson turned the microscope on how people talk about their troubles, not in any professional or therapeutic setting, but in their ordinary conversations with family and friends. Through recordings of interactions in which people talk about problems they''re having with their children, concerns about their health, financial problems, marital and relationship difficulties (their own or other people''s), examination failures, dramatic events such as burglaries or a house fire and other such troubles, Jefferson explores the interactional dynamics and complexities of introducing such topics, of how speakers sustain and elaborate their descriptions and accounts of their troubles, how participants align and affiliate with one another, and finally manage to mTrade ReviewThe collection provides a rare opportunity for the reader to reflect on a set of CA papers built around a single theme and arising from a single research project. In this way, it provides a useful addition to the literature. And the collection provides a manual for those who may like to adopt Jeffersons approach in the exploration and description of other large-scale conversational sequences. * Simon Williams, Discourse Studies *Table of ContentsIntroduction Talking About Troubles; an Introduction. Paul Drew, John Heritage, Gene Lerner & Anita Pomerantz ; Chapter 1 On the Sequential Organization of Troubles-Talk in Ordinary Conversation. ; Chapter 2 On 'Trouble-Premonitory' Response to Inquiry. ; Chapter 3 The Rejection of Advice: Managing the Problematic Convergence of a 'Troubles-Telling' and a 'Service Encounter'. ; Chapter 4 On The Interactional Unpackaging of a 'gloss'. ; Chapter 5 On the Organization of Laughter in Talk About Troubles. ; Chapter 6 On Stepwise Transition From Talk About a Trouble to Inappropriately Next-Positioned Matters.

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Book SynopsisTailored to students, this abridged version of Cognitive Grammar positions Langacker's authoritative work as an accessible, attractive cornerstone of cognitive linguistics as the field continues to evolve.Trade ReviewAn attractive and successful introduction to the fundamentals of Cognitive Grammar. * Linguist List *Table of ContentsPart I MEANING AND SYMBOLIZATION ; 1. Orientation ; 2. Conceptual Semantics ; 3. Construal ; Part II A SYMBOLIC ACCOUNT OF GRAMMAR ; 4. Grammatical Classes ; 5. Major Subclasses ; 6. Constructions: General Characterization ; 7. Constructions: Descriptive Factors ; 8. Rules and Restrictions

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Book SynopsisELAINE FOX is Professor of Experimental Psychology and Head of the Department of Psychology at the University of Essex, UK. She has published widely in emotion science and cognitive psychology and is an Associate Editor of the APA journal Emotion.

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Book SynopsisHow can psychologists explain strange experiences such as hallucinations or unusual beliefs in ghosts and angels? This compelling introduction aims to uncover how and why such beliefs occur, exploring explanations based on different psychological models, and evaluating the scientific basis of parapsychology and the challenges that researchers face.Trade Review'A wonderful introduction to a fascinating topic. Clear, concise and comprehensive. It belongs on the bookshelf of everyone who is seriously curious about the human mind.' - Professor Richard Wiseman, School of Psychology, University of Hertfordshire, UK. 'Anomalistic Psychology is a thoughtful and careful introduction to this fascinating domain.' - Etzel Cardena, Thorsen Professor of Psychology, Lund University, Sweden and co-author of Varieties of Anomalous Experience and Altering Consciousness. 'Psychology is the disciplined study of experience and behavior; anomalistic psychology studies those that are rare, unexplained, or both. Holt, Simmonds-Moore, Luke and French have written an admirable account of this emerging field, one that pushes the boundaries of psychology without falling over the edge.' - Stanley Krippner, Ph.D., Professor of Psychology, Saybrook University, and Co-editor, Varieties of Anomalous Experience.Table of ContentsIntroduction & Overview Cognitive Explanations Personality and Individual Difference Explanations Explanations for Superstitious Beliefs and Behaviour Pseudoscience and the scientific status of parapsychology Methodological issues related to the study of psi Apparitions Out-of-body experiences and near-death experiences Mental Mediumship Concluding comments.

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Book SynopsisPhilosophers and neuroscientists address central issues in both fields, including morality, action, mental illness, consciousness, perception, and memory. Philosophers and neuroscientists grapple with the same profound questions involving consciousness, perception, behavior, and moral judgment, but only recently have the two disciplines begun to work together. This volume offers fourteen original chapters that address these issues, each written by a team that includes at least one philosopher and one neuroscientist who integrate disciplinary perspectives and reflect the latest research in both fields. Topics include morality, empathy, agency, the self, mental illness, neuroprediction, optogenetics, pain, vision, consciousness, memory, concepts, mind wandering, and the neural basis of psychological categories. The chapters first address basic issues about our social and moral lives: how we decide to act and ought to act toward each other, how we unde

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Book SynopsisIn From Molecule to Metaphor, Jerome Feldman proposes a theory of language and thought that treats language not as an abstract symbol system but as a human biological ability that can be studied as a function of the brain, as vision and motor control are studied. This theory, he writes, is a bridging theory that works from extensive knowledge at two ends of a causal chain to explicate the links between. Although the cognitive sciences are revealing much about how our brains produce language and thought, we do not yet know exactly how words are understood or have any methodology for finding out. Feldman develops his theory in computer simulations—formal models that suggest ways that language and thought may be realized in the brain. Combining key findings and theories from biology, computer science, linguistics, and psychology, Feldman synthesizes a theory by exhibiting programs that demonstrate the required behavior while remaining consistent with the findings from all dis

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Book SynopsisConcepts embody our knowledge of the kinds of things there are in the world. Tying our past experiences to our present interactions with the environment, they enable us to recognize and understand new objects and events. Concepts are also relevant to understanding domains such as social situations, personality types, and even artistic styles. Yet like other phenomenologically simple cognitive processes such as walking or understanding speech, concept formation and use are maddeningly complex.Research since the 1970s and the decline of the classical view of concepts have greatly illuminated the psychology of concepts. But persistent theoretical disputes have sometimes obscured this progress. The Big Book of Concepts goes beyond those disputes to reveal the advances that have been made, focusing on the major empirical discoveries. By reviewing and evaluating research on diverse topics such as category learning, word meaning, conceptual development in infants and children, and t

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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