Cartography, map-making and projections Books
Michigan State University Press Mapping in Michigan and the Great Lakes Region
Book SynopsisAddresses questions such as: Why do people make maps? And what do they hope their maps will accomplish? This book is illustrated with reproductions of historic maps. In describing how people produced and used maps, it tells a larger story of one region's peoples and cultures and of a nation's zeal for exploration.
£47.21
John Wiley & Sons Inc GPS Satellite Surveying
Book SynopsisEmploy the latest satellite positioning tech with this extensive guide GPS Satellite Surveying is the classic text on the subject, providing the most comprehensive coverage of global navigation satellite systems applications for surveying.Table of ContentsPREFACE xv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS xix ABBREVIATIONS xxi 1 INTRODUCTION 1 2 LEAST-SQUARES ADJUSTMENTS 11 2.1 Elementary Considerations 12 2.1.1 Statistical Nature of Surveying Measurements 12 2.1.2 Observational Errors 13 2.1.3 Accuracy and Precision 13 2.2 Stochastic and Mathematical Models 14 2.3 Mixed Model 17 2.3.1 Linearization 18 2.3.2 Minimization and Solution 19 2.3.3 Cofactor Matrices 20 2.3.4 A Posteriori Variance of Unit Weight 21 2.3.5 Iterations 22 2.4 Sequential Mixed Model 23 2.5 Model Specifications 29 2.5.1 Observation Equation Model 29 2.5.2 Condition Equation Model 30 2.5.3 Mixed Model with Observation Equations 30 2.5.4 Sequential Observation Equation Model 32 2.5.5 Observation Equation Model with Observed Parameters 32 2.5.6 Mixed Model with Conditions 34 2.5.7 Observation Equation Model with Conditions 35 2.6 Minimal and Inner Constraints 37 2.7 Statistics in Least-Squares Adjustment 42 2.7.1 Fundamental Test 42 2.7.2 Testing Sequential Least Squares 48 2.7.3 General Linear Hypothesis 49 2.7.4 Ellipses as Confidence Regions 52 2.7.5 Properties of Standard Ellipses 56 2.7.6 Other Measures of Precision 60 2.8 Reliability 62 2.8.1 Redundancy Numbers 62 2.8.2 Controlling Type-II Error for a Single Blunder 64 2.8.3 Internal Reliability 67 2.8.4 Absorption 67 2.8.5 External Reliability 68 2.8.6 Correlated Cases 69 2.9 Blunder Detection 70 2.9.1 Tau Test 71 2.9.2 Data Snooping 71 2.9.3 Changing Weights of Observations 72 2.10 Examples 72 2.11 Kalman Filtering 77 3 RECURSIVE LEAST SQUARES 81 3.1 Static Parameter 82 3.2 Static Parameters and Arbitrary Time-Varying Variables 87 3.3 Dynamic Constraints 96 3.4 Static Parameters and Dynamic Constraints 112 3.5 Static Parameter, Parameters Subject to Dynamic Constraints, and Arbitrary Time-Varying Parameters 125 4 GEODESY 129 4.1 International Terrestrial Reference Frame 131 4.1.1 Polar Motion 132 4.1.2 Tectonic Plate Motion 133 4.1.3 Solid Earth Tides 135 4.1.4 Ocean Loading 135 4.1.5 Relating of Nearly Aligned Frames 136 4.1.6 ITRF and NAD83 138 4.2 International Celestial Reference System 141 4.2.1 Transforming Terrestrial and Celestial Frames 143 4.2.2 Time Systems 149 4.3 Datum 151 4.3.1 Geoid 152 4.3.2 Ellipsoid of Rotation 157 4.3.3 Geoid Undulations and Deflections of the Vertical 158 4.3.4 Reductions to the Ellipsoid 162 4.4 3D Geodetic Model 166 4.4.1 Partial Derivatives 169 4.4.2 Reparameterization 170 4.4.3 Implementation Considerations 171 4.4.4 GPS Vector Networks 174 4.4.5 Transforming Terrestrial and Vector Networks 176 4.4.6 GPS Network Examples 178 4.5 Ellipsoidal Model 190 4.5.1 Reduction of Observations 191 4.5.2 Direct and Inverse Solutions on the Ellipsoid 195 4.5.3 Network Adjustment on the Ellipsoid 196 4.6 Conformal Mapping Model 197 4.6.1 Reduction of Observations 198 4.6.2 Angular Excess 200 4.6.3 Direct and Inverse Solutions on the Map 201 4.6.4 Network Adjustment on the Map 201 4.6.5 Similarity Revisited 203 4.7 Summary 204 5 SATELLITE SYSTEMS 207 5.1 Motion of Satellites 207 5.1.1 Kepler Elements 208 5.1.2 Normal Orbital Theory 210 5.1.3 Satellite Visibility and Topocentric Motion 219 5.1.4 Perturbed Satellite Motion 219 5.2 Global Positioning System 225 5.2.1 General Description 226 5.2.2 Satellite Transmissions at 2014 228 5.2.3 GPS Modernization Comprising Block IIM, Block IIF, and Block III 239 5.3 GLONASS 245 5.4 Galileo 248 5.5 QZSS 250 5.6 Beidou 252 5.7 IRNSS 254 5.8 SBAS: WAAS, EGNOS, GAGAN, MSAS, and SDCM 254 6 GNSS POSITIONING APPROACHES 257 6.1 Observables 258 6.1.1 Undifferenced Functions 261 6.1.2 Single Differences 271 6.1.3 Double Differences 273 6.1.4 Triple Differences 275 6.2 Operational Details 275 6.2.1 Computing the Topocentric Range 275 6.2.2 Satellite Timing Considerations 276 6.2.3 Cycle Slips 282 6.2.4 Phase Windup Correction 283 6.2.5 Multipath 286 6.2.6 Phase Center Offset and Variation 292 6.2.7 GNSS Services 295 6.3 Navigation Solution 299 6.3.1 Linearized Solution 299 6.3.2 DOPs and Singularities 301 6.3.3 Nonlinear Closed Solution 303 6.4 Relative Positioning 304 6.4.1 Nonlinear Double-Difference Pseudorange Solution 305 6.4.2 Linearized Double- and Triple-Differenced Solutions 306 6.4.3 Aspects of Relative Positioning 310 6.4.4 Equivalent Undifferenced Formulation 315 6.4.5 Ambiguity Function 316 6.4.6 GLONASS Carrier Phase 319 6.5 Ambiguity Fixing 324 6.5.1 The Constraint Solution 324 6.5.2 LAMBDA 327 6.5.3 Discernibility 334 6.5.4 Lattice Reduction and Integer Least Squares 337 6.6 Network-Supported Positioning 357 6.6.1 PPP 357 6.6.2 CORS 363 6.6.3 PPP-RTK 367 6.7 Triple-Frequency Solutions 382 6.7.1 Single-Step Position Solution 382 6.7.2 Geometry-Free TCAR 386 6.7.3 Geometry-Based TCAR 395 6.7.4 Integrated TCAR 396 6.7.5 Positioning with Resolved Wide Lanes 397 6.8 Summary 398 7 REAL-TIME KINEMATICS RELATIVE POSITIONING 401 7.1 Multisystem Considerations 402 7.2 Undifferenced and Across-Receiver Difference Observations 403 7.3 Linearization and Hardware Bias Parameterization 408 7.4 RTK Algorithm for Static and Short Baselines 418 7.4.1 Illustrative Example 422 7.5 RTK Algorithm for Kinematic Rovers and Short Baselines 429 7.5.1 Illustrative Example 431 7.6 RTK Algorithm with Dynamic Model and Short Baselines 435 7.6.1 Illustrative Example 437 7.7 RTK Algorithm with Dynamic Model and Long Baselines 441 7.7.1 Illustrative Example 442 7.8 RTK Algorithms with Changing Number of Signals 445 7.9 Cycle Slip Detection and Isolation 450 7.9.1 Solutions Based on Signal Redundancy 455 7.10 Across-Receiver Ambiguity Fixing 466 7.10.1 Illustrative Example 470 7.11 Software Implementation 473 8 TROPOSPHERE AND IONOSPHERE 475 8.1 Overview 476 8.2 Tropospheric Refraction and Delay 479 8.2.1 Zenith Delay Functions 482 8.2.2 Mapping Functions 482 8.2.3 Precipitable Water Vapor 485 8.3 Troposphere Absorption 487 8.3.1 The Radiative Transfer Equation 487 8.3.2 Absorption Line Profiles 490 8.3.3 General Statistical Retrieval 492 8.3.4 Calibration of WVR 494 8.4 Ionospheric Refraction 496 8.4.1 Index of Ionospheric Refraction 499 8.4.2 Ionospheric Function and Cycle Slips 504 8.4.3 Single-Layer Ionospheric Mapping Function 505 8.4.4 VTEC from Ground Observations 507 8.4.5 Global Ionospheric Maps 509 9 GNSS RECEIVER ANTENNAS 513 9.1 Elements of Electromagnetic Fields and Electromagnetic Waves 515 9.1.1 Electromagnetic Field 515 9.1.2 Plane Electromagnetic Wave 518 9.1.3 Complex Notations and Plane Wave in Lossy Media 525 9.1.4 Radiation and Spherical Waves 530 9.1.5 Receiving Mode 536 9.1.6 Polarization of Electromagnetic Waves 537 9.1.7 The dB Scale 544 9.2 Antenna Pattern and Gain 546 9.2.1 Receiving GNSS Antenna Pattern and Reference Station and Rover Antennas 546 9.2.2 Directivity 553 9.2.3 Polarization Properties of the Receiving GNSS Antenna 558 9.2.4 Antenna Gain 562 9.2.5 Antenna Effective Area 564 9.3 Phase Center 565 9.3.1 Antenna Phase Pattern 566 9.3.2 Phase Center Offset and Variations 568 9.3.3 Antenna Calibrations 575 9.3.4 Group Delay Pattern 577 9.4 Diffraction and Multipath 578 9.4.1 Diffraction Phenomena 578 9.4.2 General Characterization of Carrier Phase Multipath 585 9.4.3 Specular Reflections 587 9.4.4 Antenna Down-Up Ratio 593 9.4.5 PCV and PCO Errors Due to Ground Multipath 597 9.5 Transmission Lines 600 9.5.1 Transmission Line Basics 600 9.5.2 Antenna Frequency Response 606 9.5.3 Cable Losses 608 9.6 Signal-to-Noise Ratio 609 9.6.1 Noise Temperature 609 9.6.2 Characterization of Noise Sources 611 9.6.3 Signal and Noise Propagation through a Chain of Circuits 615 9.6.4 SNR of the GNSS Receiving System 619 9.7 Antenna Types 620 9.7.1 Patch Antennas 620 9.7.2 Other Types of Antennas 629 9.7.3 Flat Metal Ground Planes 629 9.7.4 Impedance Ground Planes 634 9.7.5 Vertical Choke Rings and Compact Rover Antenna 642 9.7.6 Semitransparent Ground Planes 644 9.7.7 Array Antennas 645 9.7.8 Antenna Manufacturing Issues 650 APPENDIXES A GENERAL BACKGROUND 653 B THE ELLIPSOID 697 C CONFORMAL MAPPING 715 D VECTOR CALCULUS AND DELTA FUNCTION 741 E ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD GENERATED BY ARBITRARY SOURCES, MAGNETIC CURRENTS, BOUNDARY CONDITIONS, AND IMAGES 747 F DIFFRACTION OVER HALF-PLANE 755 G SINGLE CAVITY MODE APPROXIMATION WITH PATCH ANTENNA ANALYSIS 759 H PATCH ANTENNAS WITH ARTIFICIAL DIELECTRIC SUBSTRATES 763 I CONVEX PATCH ARRAY GEODETIC ANTENNA 769 REFERENCES 773 AUTHOR INDEX 793 SUBJECT INDEX 801
£135.80
Chronicle Books The Phantom Atlas
Book SynopsisA breakout bestseller in the UK, The Phantom Atlas is a beautifully produced volume, packed with maps, illustrations, and stories of places, people, and creatures that never existed – a treat for fans of maps, history, and exploration.
£29.75
University of Alaska Press Exploring and Mapping Alaska: The Russian America
Book Synopsis
£83.05
Reaktion Books Mapping the Middle East
Book SynopsisMapping the Middle East explores the many perspectives from which people have visualized the vast area lying between the Atlantic Ocean and the Oxus and Indus river valleys over the past millennium. By analysing maps produced from the eleventh century on, Zayde Antrim emphasizes the deep roots of mapping in a world region too often considered unexamined and unchanging before the modern period. Indeed, maps from the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, coinciding with the eras of European colonialism and the rise of the nation-state, have obscured this deeper past and constrained future possibilities. Mapping the Middle East is organized chronologically to contextualize and interpret compelling maps from each period. Chapters address the medieval `Realm of Islam', the sixteenth- to eighteenth-century Ottoman Empire, French and British colonial mapping over the long nineteenth century, national mapping traditions in modern Turkey, Iran and Israel/Palestine, and alternative geographies in twentieth- and twenty-first-century maps. Vivid colour illustrations allow readers to follow the argument on the surface of the maps. Rather than a conventional history of cartography, Mapping the Middle East is an incisive critique of the changing relationship between maps and belonging in a dynamic world region over the past thousand years.
£55.94
ISTE Ltd and John Wiley & Sons Inc Thematic Cartography, Set
Book SynopsisThis series in three volumes considers maps as constructions resulting from a number of successive transformations and stages integrated in a logical reasoning and an order of choices. Volume 1 introduces the basis of thematic cartography; the map is regarded as a construct due to transformation processes. Volume 2 focuses on the impact of the quantitative revolution, partially related to the advent of the computer age, on thematic cartography. Volume 3 is exclusively focused on the new approaches on thematic cartography offered by the three successive revolutions affecting the discipline: digital, multimedia and the Internet. Trade Review"With a strong focus on theory and method, and systematic presentation of each concept, the volumes are directed to students of cartography and geography." (Book News Inc, November 2010)Table of ContentsForeword 9 Chapter 1. Introduction 13Serge HADDAD, Fabrice KORDON, Laurent PAUTET and LaurePETRUCCI FIRST PART. LARGE SCALE PEER-TO-PEER DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS19 Chapter 2. Introduction to Large-Scale Peer-to-PeerDistributed Systems 21Fabrice KORDON Chapter 3. Design Principles of Large-Scale DistributedSystem 33Xavier BONNAIRE and Pierre SENS Chapter 4. Peer-to-Peer Storage 59Olivier MARIN, Sébastien MONNET and GaëlTHOMAS Chapter 5. Large-Scale Peer-to-Peer Game Applications81Sébastien MONNET and Gaël THOMAS SECOND PART. DISTRIBUTED, EMBEDDED AND REAL-TIME SYSTEMS105 Chapter 6. Introduction to Distributed Embedded and Real-timeSystems 107Laurent PAUTET Chapter 7. Scheduling in Distributed Real-Time Systems117Emmanuel GROLLEAU, Michaël RICHARD, and PascalRICHARD Chapter 8. Software Engineering for Adaptative EmbeddedSystems 159Etienne BORDE Chapter 9. The Design of Aerospace Systems 191Maxime PERROTIN, Julien DELANGE, and JérômeHUGUES THIRD PART. SECURITY IN DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS 229 Chapter 10. Introduction to Security Issues in DistributedSystems 231Laure PETRUCCI Chapter 11. Practical Security in Distributed Systems237Benoît BERTHOLON, Christophe CÉRIN, Camille COTI,Jean-Christophe DUBACQ, and Sébastien VARRETTE Chapter 12. Enforcing Security with Cryptography301Sami HARARI and Laurent POINSOT List of Authors 331 Index 333
£564.25
Pindar Press Studies in Imagery Volume II: The World
Book SynopsisDr Jean Michel Massing is a Reader in the History of Art and a Fellow of King's College, Cambridge. The first volume of Studies in Imagery, Text and Images, consists of 25 "studies grouped under four sections: Classical Art and its Nachleben; Symbolic Languages; Saints and Devils; Comets, Dreams and Stars. The topics include the Celto-Roman "goddess Epona, the Calumny of Apelles and its reconstructions, the Triumph of Caesar, proverb illustration, the art of memory, emblematic and didactic imagery, the temptations of St Anthony, as well as dreams and celestial phenomena. They span a wide range of periods, from classical antiquity to the nineteenth century. Vol. 2, The World Discovered, deals variously with the relationship of European with non-European cultures, cartography in medieval and early modern times, the representation of foreign lands and people, and the collecting of exotic artefacts. A central theme involves the imagery of black Africans from the Middle Ages up to the nineteenth century.Table of ContentsIntroduction Cartography. Observations and Beliefs: The World of the Catalan Atlas La mappemonde de Pierre Desceliers de 1550 The World Described. Hans Burgkmair's Depiction of Native Africans Early European Images of America: The Ethnographic Approach Albrecht Durer's Irish Warriors and Peasants The image of Africa and the iconography of lip-plated Africans in Pierre Descelier's world map of 1550 The Image of Blackness. From Greek Proverb to Soap Advert: Washing the Ethiopian Washing the Ethiopian or the Semantics of an Impossibility Washing the Ethiopian, once more Kunskammern and Collections. The Quest of the Exotic: Albrecht Durer in the Netherlands Pacific Cultures. Nicolas Joseph Hamann and the Material Culture of the Gilbert Islands (Kiribati) In Arms and Armour. Battles in the Gilbert Islands Index
£30.00
Brepols N.V. Vincenzo Coronelli Cosmographer (1650-1718)
Book Synopsis
£178.60
Brepols N.V. Catalan Maps and Jewish Books: The Intellectual
Book Synopsis
£154.85
Brepols N.V. 'The Loss of a Minute Is Just So Much Loss of
Book Synopsis
£95.00
Dr Ludwig Reichert Kartenwissen: Territoriale Raume Zwischen Bild
Book Synopsis
£139.65
