Cardiovascular medicine Books

Book SynopsisWith the number of patients living with congenital heart disease steadily increasing, relevant training in anesthesia care for these patients is becoming ever more important. Written by experts in the field, this highly illustrated book succinctly reviews the pathophysiology of congenital cardiac lesions along with important anesthetic implications for each. Case scenarios cover patients of wide-ranging ages, with a focus on care in non-cardiac operating room settings, including the general operating room, cardiac catheterization laboratory and radiology. Divided into sections corresponding to the anatomic classification of each cardiac lesion, the book includes keywords for easy cross-referencing. Several lesions have multiple scenarios presented in order to allow readers to learn how to discern more critically ill patients. The stepwise approach to understanding complex lesions provides a readily accessible guide for all anesthesia providers who care for patients with congenital hearTrade Review'Congenital Heart Disease A Case-Based Approach, edited by Laura Berenstain and James Spaeth, should be in the library of every pediatric anesthesia trainee and all those with a special interest in congenital heart disease in children. This book contains contributions from a host of well-known and experienced pediatric cardiac anesthesiologists. It is unique among current publications on the topic in that pathophysiology and management discussions are organized based on well-described case examples and on real world clinical situations. The book contains high quality illustrations and each chapter concludes with several current, relevant references.' James A. DiNardo, Professor of Anaesthesia and Chief, Division of Cardiac Anesthesia, Harvard Medical School'Safe effective management of patients with congenital heart disease presents significant challenges to the clinical anesthesiologist due to the multiplicity of both pathologic anatomies and pathophysiologic scenarios they may precipitate. Anesthesia care of these patients spans all ages for primary cardiac surgical procedures, non-cardiac surgeries and diagnostic studies. Cardiac anesthesiology experts Laura Berenstain and James Spaeth understand the enormous challenge safe effective care of patients with congenital heart disease presents to our specialty. Providing a case-based educational approach to understanding the most effective care of this patient population, the editors have assembled a cadre of specially trained, clinically credible and savvy authors to educate us. This book provides an effective educational tool to properly arm the cardiac anesthesia practitioner.' Alan Jay Schwartz, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia; Professor of Clinical Anesthesiology and Critical Care Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania'The case-based approach of presenting congenital cardiac anomalies is a novel technique for presenting information on such a complex and nuanced topic. The target audience is the practitioner with low-volume exposure to patients with congenital anomalies and, as such, is an excellent resource. It not only provides the background physiology, but also the salient clinical pearls that are necessary to guide appropriate anesthetic care to these complex patients.' Robert R. Gaiser, Doody's Listings'This is not a comprehensive textbook of pediatric cardiac anesthesiology. You won't find detailed listings of pharmacologic agents, dosing schema, and their cardiac effects or the embryologic underpinnings of AV canal defects. It is aimed instead at the much larger audience of the general pediatric or adult anesthesiologist who has 10 min to review for an upcoming case and needs a quick refresher on the anatomy, physiology, and implications of pediatric cardiac disease or for the adult cardiac anesthesiologist who is asked to care for a patient previously treated in a pediatric cardiac center now presenting emergently for a heart transplant or for adult congenital heart surgery. Given the ubiquitous nature of information today and the ready access to the internet in almost every operating location in the world, it is rare that I recommend a textbook to the trainees in pediatric anesthesia I work with daily.' David F. Vener, Reviews of Educational Material'Drs. Laura K. Berenstain and James P. Spaeth have edited a new book that helps navigate this challenging field in a case-based format that skillfully marries anatomy, physiology, and goal-directed care in a beautifully produced text. Each chapter opens with a brief clinical scenario summarizing the patient and planned procedure and their underlying cardiac diagnosis. The extremely well-written text is accompanied by the thoughtful use of diagrams, illustrations, and photographs to outline various anatomic and physiologic elements accompanying the cardiac defects … it is rare that I recommend a textbook to the trainees in pediatric anesthesia I work with daily. This text, however, is an exception and should be readily available for reference.' David F. Vener, Reviews of Educational MaterialTable of ContentsDedication; Introduction Laura K. Berenstain and James P. Spaeth; 1. A congenital heart disease primer Laura K. Berenstain and James P. Spaeth; Part I. Left-to-right Shunts Adam C. Adler: 2. Ventricular septal defect Maxwell Teets and Adam C. Adler; 3. Double outlet right ventricle Ramesh Kodavatiganti; 4. Transitional atrioventricular septal defect Ana Maria Manrique Espinel and Adam C. Adler; 5. Complete atrioventricular septal defect (unbalanced) Lori Q. Riegger; Part II. Right-sided Obstructive lesions Jamie Mcelrath Schwartz: 6. Critical pulmonic stenosis Jennie Ngai; 7. Tetralogy of Fallot Matthew P. Monteleone; 8. Repaired tetralogy of Fallot Joanna Rosing Paquin; 9. Tetralogy of Fallot with absent pulmonary valve Andrew Tadeusz Waberski; 10. Tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary atresia Mikel Gorbea and Lisa Wise-Faberowski; 11. Pentalogy of Cantrell Jennifer Lam; 12. Ebstein's anomaly Joseph McSoley and Joseph P. Previte; 13. Ebstein's anomaly, single ventricle palliation David Faraoni; Part III. Left-sided Obstructive Lesions Viviane Nasr: 14. Critical aortic stenosis Vannessa Chin; 15. Aortic stenosis Deborah A. Romeo; 16. Subvalvar aortic stenosis Rahul Baijal; 17. Supravalvar aortic stenosis Stephanie N. Grant and Bruce E. Miller; 18. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Bridget Pearce; 19. Coarctation of the aorta Nicholette Kasman; 20. Shone's complex Nicole Dobija; Part IV. Complex Mixing Lesions Gregory Latham: 21. D-Transposition of the great arteries (arterial switch) Leah Landsem and Gregory J. Latham; 22. D-Transposition of the great arteries (atrial switch) Denise C. Joffe and Michael J. Eisses; 23. L-Transposition of the great arteries ('corrected transposition') Katie J. Roddy and Anna Kaiser; 24. Total anomalous pulmonary venous return and heterotaxy Anna E. Jankowska; 25. Truncus arteriosus Faith J. Ross and Kelly Everhart; Part V. Single Ventricle Physiology Lori Q. Riegger: 26. Hypoplastic left heart syndrome Bishr Haydar; 27. Bidirectional Glenn Amanpreet S. Kalsi; 28. Lateral tunnel Fontan Wenyu Bai; 29. Extracardiac Fontan Chinwe Unegbu and Nina Deutsch; 30. Failing Fontan Maricarmen Roche Rodriguez and Viviane G. Nasr; Part VI. Heart Failure, Mechanical Circulatory Support and Transplantation Erica Lin: 31. Duchenne muscular dystrophy Elizabeth R. Vogel and Annette Y. Schure; 32. Dilated cardiomyopathy Stephen Alcos and Andreas W. Loepke; 33. Mixed cardiomyopathy Adam C. Adler; 34. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation Rita Saynhalath and M. Iqbal Ahmed; 35. Left ventricular assist device J. Nick Pratap; 36. Right ventricular assist device Rajeev Wadia and Jamie McElrath Schwartz; 37. Lung transplantation Arpa Chutipongtanate and Erica P. Lin; 38. Heart transplantation Zachary Kleiman and Luis M. Zabala; 39. Failing cardiac transplant Kelly Chilson and James Fehr; Part VII. Miscellaneous Lesions and Syndromes Joanna Rosing Paquin and Laura K. Berenstain: 40. Idiopathic pulmonary hypertension Jaime Bozentka and Jennifer Lam; 41. Pulmonary hypertension and congenital heart disease Premal M. Trived; 42. Pulmonary hypertension of prematurity Sheila M. Rajashekera and Chandra Ramamoorthy; 43. Pulmonary hypertension and Moyamoya disease Timothy D. Switzer and Neil M. Goldenberg; 44. Vascular ring Katherine L. Zaleski; 45. Pericardial effusion Andrés Bacigalupo Landa and Matthew Careskey; 46. Kawasaki's disease Wanda C. Miller-Hance and Lori A. Aronson; 47. VACTERL syndrome Sana Ullah; 48. Hurler syndrome Erin Conner and Kirk Lalwani; 49. Long QT syndrome Kelly L. Grogan and Susan C. Nicolson; 50. Marfan's syndrome Destiny F. Chau.

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsSection I. Introduction/Foundation of Cardiac Intensive Care Physical Examination Section II. Coronary Artery Disease 2. Acute Myocardial Infarction: Diagnosis, Electrocardiography, and Reperfusion Therapies 3. Acute Myocardial Infarction: Adjunctive Pharmacologic Therapies 4. Post-Myocardial Infarction Cardiogenic Shock 5. Right Ventricular Infarction 6. Mechanical Complications of Acute Myocardial Infarction Section III. Noncoronary Diseases: Diagnosis and Management 7. Acute Heart Failure and Pulmonary Edema 8. Acute Fulminant Myocarditis 9. Stress (Takotsubo) Cardiomyopathy 10. Distributive Shock 11. Cardiorenal Syndrome 12. Sudden Cardiac Death 13. Diagnosis and Treatment of Ventricular Tachycardia 14. Diagnosis and Treatment of Unstable Supraventricular Tachycardia 15. Acute Presentations of Valvular Heart Disease 16. Hypertensive Emergencies 17. Acute Aortic Syndromes: Diagnosis and Management 18. Acute Respiratory Failure 19. Massive Acute Pulmonary Embolism 20. Overdose of Cardiotoxic Drugs Section IV. Pharmacologic Agents in the Cardiac Intensive Care Unit 21. Inotropic and Vasoactive Agents 22. Intensive Diuresis and Ultrafiltration 23. Antiarrhythmic Electrophysiology and Pharmacotherapy Section V. Advanced Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques: Indications and Technical Considerations 24. Central Venous Access Procedures 25. Temporary Pacing 26. Pericardiocentesis 27. Invasive Hemodynamic Monitoring 28. Temporary Mechanical Circulatory Support Devices 29. Ventricular Assist Device Therapy in Advanced Heart Failure 30. Emergency Airway Management 31. Mechanical Ventilation 32. Palliative Care

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Book SynopsisPrepare for success on the Examination of Special Competence in Critical Care Echocardiography (CCEeXAM)! Critical Care Echocardiography Review is a first-of-its-kind, review textbook containing over 1,200 questions and answers. Helmed by Drs. Marvin G. Chang, Abraham Sonny, David Dudzinski, Christopher R. Tainter, Ryan J. Horvath, Sheri M. Berg, Edward A. Bittner as well as a team of associated editors and authors from institutions across the nation , this highly visual resource covers every aspect of the use of ultrasound for clinical diagnosis and management in the critical care setting, providing a thorough, effective review and helping you identify areas of mastery and those needing further study. Includes over 1,200 multiple-choice questions and answers with rationale and selected references. Features video-based questions, still echocardiograph images and illustrations in both questions and answer explanations to provide dynamic visual support. Covers all exam content, including the physics of ultrasound, image acquisition and optimization, artifacts, quantification and hemodynamic calculations, cardiac ultrasound, rescue echocardiography, clinical applications of diastology, lung and pleural ultrasound, trauma ultrasound and the E-FAST exam, procedures, and much more. , Enrich Your eBook Reading Experience Read directly on your preferred device(s), such as computer, tablet, or smartphone. Easily convert to audiobook, powering your content with natural language text-to-speech. ,

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Book SynopsisIn the last decade, advances in the understanding of lipoprotein and lipid metabolism have developed enormously. This has resulted in a detailed knowledge of the mechanisms underlying the primary and secondary dyslipidaemias. Furthermore, the role of lipoproteins in atherogenesis is increasingly understood at the cellular and molecular level. In this book, the scale of the problem of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is described together with the possibilities for prevention. The pathophysiology of lipid and lipoproteins provide a background to the understanding of the primary and secondary dyslipidaemias and the mechanism of action of the different drug classes.A practical approach to therapy is provided including diet, lifestyle, and therapeutic approaches. Common clinical problems are addressed and the book looks to the future, principally in relation to new therapeutic targets. This book provides the basis for the translation of clinical trial science into everyday clinical practice foTable of Contents1. Epidemiology of cardiovascular disease: the scale of the problem ; 2. Lipids, lipoproteins and atherogenesis ; 3. Risk estimation systems in clinical use: SCORE, HeartScore, Framingham, PROCAM, ASSIGN and QRISK ; 4. Primary dyslipidaemias ; 5. Secondary dyslipidemias ; 6. Diet and lifestyle ; 7. Pharmacological therapy: Statins ; 8. Pharmacological therapy: Non-Statin Drugs ; 9. Combination therapy for the management of hyperlipidaemia ; 10. Recent lipid-lowering trials in perspective: Implications for therapy ; 11. Vascular imaging ; 12. Common problems in lipid management

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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Book Synopsis

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Book SynopsisThis comprehensive and authoritative text on heart disease in pregnancy - one of the leading causes of maternal death - will be of value to a wide audience of obstetricians, cardiologists, anaesthetists, midwives, and cardiac nurses. It provides consensus guidelines of great practical value in a compact and convenient format. Written by a multidisciplinary team, it covers both maternity and cardiac care. Contents range from pre-conception counselling and contraception, through practical templates for antenatal and intrapartum care, to long-term outcome for both mother and baby. It covers all causes of heart disease, both congenital and acquired. Thoroughly updated, this new edition has reorganised the consensus statements about priorities in management. In addition, each chapter now starts with a summary of 'Practical Practice Points' to aid quick revision when seeing a patient with a specific problem. A new section on heart and lung transplantation has been added since the first editiTable of ContentsPreface; Consensus statements; 1. Preconception counselling for women with cardiac disease Sarah Vause, Sara Thorne and Bernard Clarke; 2. Contraception in women with heart disease Mandish K. Dhanjal; 3. Cardiovascular changes in normal pregnancy Mark Johnson and Katherine von Klemperer; 4. Antenatal care of women with cardiac disease: an obstetric perspective Matthew Cauldwell, Martin Lupton and Roshni R. Patel; 5. Antenatal care of women with cardiac disease: a cardiac perspective Fiona Walker; 6. Cardiac monitoring during pregnancy Henryk Kafka, Sonya V. Babu-Narayan and Wei Li; 7. Cardiac drugs in pregnancy Asma Khalil, Gerhard-Paul Diller and Patrick O'Brien; 8. Surgical and catheter intervention during pregnancy in women with heart disease Henryk Kafka, Hideki Uemura and Anselm Uebing; 9. Antenatal diagnosis of congenital heart disease Victoria Jowett and Julene S. Carvalho; 10. Fetal care and surveillance in women with congenital heart disease Christina K. H. Yu and Tiong Ghee Teoh; 11. Management of women with prosthetic heart valves during pregnancy Carole A. Warnes; 12. Management of aortopathies, including Marfan syndrome and coarctation, in pregnancy Lorna Swan; 13. Management of mitral and aortic stenosis in pregnancy Sara Thorne; 14. Management of right heart lesions in pregnancy Annette Schophuus Jensen, Lars Søndergaard and Anselm Uebing; 15. Management of pulmonary hypertension in pregnancy David G. Kiely, Charlie A. Elliot, Victoria J. Wilson, Saurabh V. Gandhi and Robin Condliffe; 16. Management of cardiomyopathies in pregnancy Catherine Nelson-Piercy and Catherine Head; 17. Management of ischemic heart disease in pregnancy Jolien W. Roos-Hesselink and Iris M. van Hagen; 18. Management of maternal cardiac arrhythmias in pregnancy Koichiro Niwa and Chizuko Kamiya; 19. Management of maternal endocarditis in pregnancy Stephanie L. Curtis and Graham Stuart; 20. Management of women with heart and lung transplantation in pregnancy Coralie Blanche and Maurice Beghetti; 21. Pregnancy and cardiac disease - peripartum aspects David Alexander, Kate Langford and Martin Dresner; 22. Management of the puerperium in women with heart disease Margaret Ramsay; 23. Impact of pregnancy on long-term outcomes in women with heart disease Henryk Kafka and Natali A. Chung; 24. Long-term outcome of pregnancy with heart disease Carole A. Warnes; Index.

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Book SynopsisUniquely addresses the long overdue need for an authoritative, immersive approach to paediatric cardiac pathology. For general and paediatric pathologists, this book covers all aspects of diseases and malformations of the heart. Extensively illustrated, it approaches work from the fetus to the adolescent, including the effects of surgery.Table of ContentsPreface; 1. The anatomy of the normal heart; 2. Examination of the heart; 3. Development of the heart; 4. Congenital heart disease I; 5. Congential heart disease II; 6. Ischaemia and infarction; 7. Cardiomyopathy; 8. Inflammation of the myocardium, endocardium and aorta; 9. The coronary arteries; 10. Metabolic and storage disease; 11. Pericardium; 12. Fetal cardiovascular disease; 13. Tumours; 14. Heart transplantation; 15. Sudden cardiac death in the young; Index.

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Book SynopsisDiscover new concepts in cardiovascular and hemodynamic functionality during pregnancy, with international experts in feto-maternal medicine. During the early stages of pregnancy, the maternal heart and circulation are subject to major gestational adaptive changes that allow for a normal course and outcome for both mother and baby. Any disruption to these processes can precipitate the onset of severe maternal and fetal complications such as preeclampsia, or intrauterine growth restriction. This invaluable reference work provides a comprehensive discussion of each aspect of the circulation. With a focus on the physiologic and pathophysiologic aspects of maternal cardiovascular function, this guide supports non-invasive assessment, management and prevention techniques for cardiovascular disease, for all stages of fetal and neonatal life. This text supports researchers and specialists in maternal-fetal medicine, whilst providing a key grounding in the topic, for trainees wishing to be at the cutting edge of theories and research.Table of ContentsPart I. Physiology of Normal Pregnancy: 1. Maternal hemodynamics in health and disease: a paradigm shift in the causation of placental syndromes Baskaran Thilaganathan; 2. Cardiovascular and volume regulatory functions in pregnancy: an overview Louis L. Peeters; 3. Cardiac function Herbert Valensise, Giuseppe Novelli and Daniele Farsetti; 4. The venous compartment in normal pregnancy Kathleen Tomsin and Wilfried Gyselaers; 5. The microcirculation Jérôme Cornette and Andreas Brückmann; 6. Plasma volume changes in pregnancy Marc E. A. Spaanderman and Anneleen S. Staelens; Part II. Pathological Pregnancy: Screening and Established Disease: 7. Arterial function in pathological pregnancies Asma Khalil and Sylvia Salvi; 8. Cardiac dysfunction in hypertensive pregnancy Herbert Valensise and Giuseppe P. Novelli; 9. Dysfunction of the venous system before and during preeclampsia Sharona Vonck and Wilfried Gyselaers; 10. Microvascular findings in pathological pregnancy Andreas Brückmann and Jérôme Cornette; Part III. Techniques: How To Do: 11. How to assess arterial function? Helen Perry, Carmel McEniery and Asma Khalil; 12. How to do a maternal venous doppler assessment? Wilfried Gyselaers; 13. Non-invasive techniques of measuring cardiac output during pregnancy Victoria Meah, Erik Stöhr and John Cockcroft; 14. Techniques of measuring plasma volume changes in pregnancy Anneleen S. Staelens and Marc Spaanderman; Part IV. Cardiovascular Therapies: 15. Treatment options of hypertension in pregnancy Lin Fung Foo, Jasmin Tay and Ian B. Wilkinson; 16. Aspirin Shireen Meher; 17. Vascular endothelial growth factor gene therapy in the management of cardiovascular problems in pregnancy Yuval Ginsberg and Anna David; 18. NO donors in preeclampsia Thomas R. Everett, Taminrit Johal and Christoph Lees; 19. Vasodilatation and fluid expansion Herbert Valensise, Damiano Lo Presti and Marc Spaanderman; Part V. Controversies: 20. Beyond temporal classification of early and late preeclampsia Enrico Ferrazzi, Daniela Di Martino, Tamara Stampalija and Maria L. Muggiasca; 21. Chemotherapy and cardiovascular function in pregnancy Kristel van Calsteren; 22. Maternal cardiovascular disease after preeclampsia Johannes Duvekot.

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Book SynopsisThis fully-updated third edition provides a practical and concise guide to all aspects of the perioperative care of cardiac surgical patients. Produced by recognised leaders from world-renowned cardiac centres, this is the authoritative text for residents and fellows in anaesthesia and cardiac surgery, clinical perfusionists, and critical care nurses. Updated chapters include regional anesthesia, paediatric cardiac anaesthesia, and anaesthesia for specific procedures such as aortic valve surgery and cardiac transplantation. An entire section is dedicated to transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE) in recognition of the increasing demand for basic TOE training. The book also includes an expanded chapter on the applications and anaesthetic implications of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). The text focuses on clinical practice and the basic science and pharmacology underpinning cardiac anaesthesia, ensuring the reader can easily apply the knowledge gained to real-life situations.Table of ContentsPart I. Routine Cardiac Surgery: 1. Basic principles of cardiac surgery P. Bosco and S. A. M. Nashef; 2. Symptoms and signs of cardiac disease J. E. Arrowsmith; 3. Diagnostic techniques A. Awwad and S. B. Agarwal; 4. Conduct of anaesthesia A. I. Gardner; 5. Principles of cardiopulmonary bypass T. Coulson and F. Falter; 6. Weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass S. Anderson; 7. Routine early postoperative care B. Parizkova and A. Page; 8. Common postoperative complications J. E. Arrowsmith and J. H. MacKay; Part II. Anaesthesia for Specific Procedures: 9. Aortic valve surgery P. Catarino and J. E. Arrowsmith; 10. Mitral valve surgery J. H. Mackay and F. C. Wells; 11. Tricuspid and pulmonary valve surgery Y. Abu Omar and J. Irons; 12. Minimally invasive and off-pump cardiac surgery B. Gibbison; 13. Thoracic aortic surgery S. Agarwal and A. C. Knowles; 14. Surgery for cardiomyopathy and pericardial disease J. Brand and F. Falter; 15. Surgery for pulmonary vascular disease C. Y. Ng and A. J. Roscoe; 16. Ventricular assist device implantation N. J. Lees; 17. Heart transplantation L. F. Van Der Merwe and A. D. Ashworth; Part III. Cardiac Catheter Laboratory Procedures: 18. Electrophysiological procedures J. E. Arrowsmith; 19. Procedures for structural heart disease C. G. Densem and A. A. Klein; Part IV. Paediatric Cardiac Surgery: 20. General principles and conduct of paediatric cardiac anaesthesia I. Walker and J. Smith; 21. Common congenital heart lesions and procedures D. J. Barron and K. P. Morris; 22. Postoperative paediatric care J. V. Cassidy; 23. Adult congenital heart disease C. R. Bailey and D. D. L. Wong; Part V. Cardiopulmonary Bypass: 24. Temperature management and deep hypothermic arrest C. W. Hogue and J. E. Arrowsmith; 25. The effects of cardiopulmonary bypass on drug pharmacology B. Mets; 26. Controversies in cardiopulmonary bypass W. Tosh and C. Burt; 27. Cardiopulmonary bypass emergencies D. Daly; 28. Non-cardiac applications of cardiopulmonary bypass J. E. Arrowsmith and J. H. Mackay; 29. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation S. Colah; Part VI. Advanced Monitoring: 30. Cardiovascular monitoring A. Suarez and J. B. Mark; 31. Neurological monitoring H. Grocott and B. Gregson; Part VII. Transoesophageal Echocardiography: 32. Comprehensive TOE examination A. J. Roscoe and J. Swanevelder; 33. Assessment of ventricular function A. J. Roscoe and L. F. Miles; 34. Assessment of valvular heart disease M. Meineri and A. J. Roscoe; 35. TOE for miscellaneous conditions A. J. Roscoe; Part VIII. Miscellaneous Topics: 36. Haematology M. Besser and K. M. P. Salaunkey; 37. Cardiac surgery during pregnancy S. J. M Law and S. E. Round; 38. Regional anaesthesia T. W. R. Lee; 39. Pain management after cardiac surgery S. I. Jaggar and H. C. Laycock; 40. Infection H. McCormick and J. A. Troughton; Index.

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Book SynopsisMathematical and numerical modelling of the human cardiovascular system has attracted remarkable research interest due to its intrinsic mathematical difficulty and the increasing impact of cardiovascular diseases worldwide. This book addresses the two principal components of the cardiovascular system: arterial circulation and heart function. It systematically describes all aspects of the problem, stating the basic physical principles, analysing the associated mathematical models that comprise PDE and ODE systems, reviewing sound and efficient numerical methods for their approximation, and simulating both benchmark problems and clinically inspired problems. Mathematical modelling itself imposes tremendous challenges, due to the amazing complexity of the cardiovascular system and the need for computational methods that are stable, reliable and efficient. The final part is devoted to control and inverse problems, including parameter estimation, uncertainty quanti?cation and the developmenTrade Review'Overall, there is a nice interplay between the basic biology and physiology needed to understand the model, the pros and cons of different techniques of obtaining clinical data, and the implementation of the numerical methods. Each section includes beautifully colored schematic representations of the cardiovascular system …' Sarah Patterson, Mathematical Association of AmericaTable of ContentsIntroduction; Part I. Arterial Circulation: 1. Basic facts about quantitative physiology; 2. An insight into vascular data; 3. Modelling blood flow; Part II. Heart Function: 4. Basic facts on quantitative cardiac physiology; 5. An insight into cardiac data; 6. Modelling the heart; Part III. Optimization, Control, Uncertainty and Complexity Reduction: 7. Beyond direct simulation; 8. Control and optimization; 9. Parameter estimation from clinical data; 10. Accounting for uncertainty; 11. Reduced-order modelling; References; Index.

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Book SynopsisPublisher's Note: Products purchased from Third Party sellers are not guaranteed by the publisher for quality, authenticity, or access to any online entitlements included with the product.A concise introduction to the principles and practice of point-of-care echocardiography for neonatologists and other clinicians caring for sick neonatesPractical Neonatal Echocardiography is written to help clinicians develop the skills necessary to perform a high quality neonatal echocardiographic examination, evaluate cardiac function, and recognize abnormalities and defects. This unique text is based on an acclaimed course the authors have taught for the past sixteen years where they train neonatologists and other clinicians in the use of cardiac ultrasound for on-the-spot examination and diagnosis of neonatal patients.Features:â Provides an intrTable of Contents1- Basic Principles of Echocardiography 2- Echocardiographic Scanners and Transducers 3- Cross Sectional Neonatal Anatomy as Depictedby Two-Dmensional Echocardiography 4- Training Neonatal Echocardiography using Echocardiographic Simulators 5- Measuring Sizes and Dimensions from M-mode andTwo Dimensional Images 6- Pulse Wave, Continuous Wave and Color Flow DopplerIn Assessment of Regurgitant Flows and Measurementof Pressure Gradients 7- PW and CW Doppler in Assessment and Measurement ofBlood Flow 8- PW and CW Doppler in Assessment of Systolic, Diastolic,and Global Cardiac Function 9- Shunts through Patent Foramen Ovale 10- Myocardial dysfunction, Heart Failure and Shock 11- Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Preterm Neonate 12- Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension in Newborn Infants:Assessment of pulmonary arterial pressure 13- Desaturation and Cyanosis in Neonates withoutCongenital Heart Defects 14- Aneurysm of Ductus Arteriosus, Cardiomyopathies andSystemic to Pulmonary Collaterals in Neonates 15- Suspecting Congenital Heart Defects 16- Overview of Fetal Echocardiography

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Book SynopsisMaking Sense of the ECG: Cases for Self-Assessment presents everything you need to assess your ability to interpret ECGs accurately, perform differential diagnosis, and decide upon the most appropriate clinical management in each situation. The patients'' history, examination and initial investigations are presented along with questions on the ECG interpretation. Detailed explanatory answers ensure this book solves your queries as well as providing practical guidance and essential revision.Use alongside the popular companion Making Sense of the ECG 4E,or independently, as a vital tool to consolidate your knowledge and prepare yourself for future clinical practice.Table of ContentsContains 70 cases.

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Book SynopsisAcute coronary syndrome (ACS) encompasses a spectrum of clinical entities, ranging from unstable angina (UA), non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) to ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). This book analyses new research on the diagnosis and management of ACS. The first chapter reviews ethnic and gender differences in the diagnosis, risk factors and management of a multi-ethnic population in Malaysia. Chapter Two summarises data from available studies conducted over the past last 30 years about pharmacologic reperfusion therapy including comparison with primary angioplasty. Chapter Three discusses the up-to-date available studies that have investigated consent in cardiology.

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Book SynopsisThis book provides readers with the latest developments in cardiovascular research. Chapter One reviews new concepts and targets in pulmonary hypertension. Chapter Two discusses new directions in aortic valve disease treatments. Chapter Three focuses on how altering energy substrate metabolism in the heart can be used as an approach for the treatment of cardiac ischemia-reperfusion. Chapter Four analyses cardiovascular and renal risks in women after preeclampsia. Chapter Five studies the impact of energy drink consumption on cardiovascular diseases. Chapter Six reviews fluid management strategies in heart failure patients suffering from diuretic resistance. Chapter Seven explains the effects of macrolides as matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors on cardiovascular remodeling. Chapter Eight describes methodologies that use neutralising antibodies or immunoglobulins to prevent graft arterial disease.

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Book SynopsisHypertension is the most common chronic disease in developed societies, affecting >25% of adults. Chapter One analyses the current evidence about exercise and hypertension. In Chapter Two, a mesh free numerical scheme was proposed, with the aim to resolve the Navier-Stokes equations for the blood flow through the aorta artery with aneurysm disease. Thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repairs are considered one of the most complex procedures known to surgeons. Chapter Three presents a review of thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repairs in order to provide the fundamental knowledge and updated techniques for the cardiac and vascular surgery team. In Chapter Four, the authors describe coronary hypersensitivity angitis and acute coronary hypersensitivity syndrome (ACHS) in terms of pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnostic work flow, treatment and prevention. Sinus bradycardia is a common clinical or electrocardiographic finding in both healthy and severely ill patients, reflecting the broad spectrum of pathophysiological substrate and clinical relevance of this disorder. Chapter Five provides a comprehensive overview concerning diagnosis, management and prognosis. Chapter Six discusses how patients who were diagnosed with cirrhosis had higher concentrations of NT pro-BNP if they had left ventricular diastolic dysfunction. The authors discuss how NT pro-BNP might be a useful early marker of cardiomyopathy in patients with cirrhosis. Finally, Chapter Seven helps the reader to understand a patients experience of undergoing a CATH procedure, particularly the psychological aspect of the procedure and the lived experience of patients undergoing a CATH.

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Book SynopsisIn the first chapter of Horizons in World Cardiovascular Research. Volume 14, the secondary mechanical complications of acute coronary syndrome are discussed while presenting initial treatment methods by way of pharmacology. These complications typically occur swiftly (acute phase and subacute phase) and they originate in the severe cardiac expansion zones, in border regions with the healthy tissue as well as the infarcted tissue. The second chapter explains that preeclampsia, a pregnancy-specific syndrome of reduced organ perfusion secondary to vasospasm and endothelial activation, is a major complication in pregnancy, occurring in 7-10% of all pregnant women, and is one of the major causes of maternal morbidity and mortality, preterm birth, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), and perinatal mortality. The author explores the way in which markers of endothelial dysfunction could be used to predict hypertensive disorders in pregnancy. The third chapter examines modern percutaneous technologies for the controlling of valvular heart disease, with the goal of pinpointing new opportunities for research. Additionally, the utility of various emerging balloon valvuloplasty techniques, MitraClip, and valve-in-valve approaches are explained in the hopes that understanding their limitations might aid in new research. Molecular domains in heart muscles in family members are classified in the fourth chapter, with the intention of ascertaining the effect of vasodilator agents, sugar, and hypoxia on the operation of protein domains. The domains inside the heart aorta and vein of a slaughtered domestic pig are studied to ascertain how acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), ramipril, sugar, heat and physical exertions influenced them. Next, research on the link between family history of depression and atherosclerotic coronary artery disease is presented in the fifth chapter. Depression is one of the leading contributors to the global burden of diseases, and is one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular disease, therefore it is essential to develop a link between how genetics and inheritance in families may worsen the prognosis of cardiovascular disease in offspring. The sixth chapter supports the claim that ivabradine should be the primary pharmacologic treatment for patients with symptoms of inappropriate sinus tachycardia by ruling out other possible causes.

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Book SynopsisMyocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) is the most commonly used non-invasive stress imaging test for the diagnosis and risk stratification of coronary artery disease. Although MPI has been around for decades, recent advances have made possible fundamental changes in the performance of this test. While exercise is the preferred modality of stress with MPI, pharmacologic stress testing can be used when exercise is not an option due to contra-indications or when patients are unable to achieve an adequate level of exercise. MPI provides a wealth of diagnostic and prognostic data encompassing both perfusion and non-perfusion variables that can guide patient management. The non-perfusion data include exercise variables, hemodynamic response to exercise or pharmacologic stress, electrocardiographic changes and left ventricular dyssynchrony. The test is widely used for risk stratification in patients with suspected or known to have coronary disease, but has also found special applications in evaluation prior to kidney or liver transplantation. While stress testing, whether with exercise or pharmacologic stress, it is relatively important to be cognizant of adverse effects that can be encountered in the stress laboratory, especially in high risk and special populations, and to have plans to manage these appropriately. There has been increasing emphasis on the ionizing radiation exposure to patients from medical diagnostic imaging including MPI. It is therefore essential to be aware of novel protocols that can be implemented in day-to-day practice to reduce radiation exposure to patients and staff without adversely affecting the diagnostic quality of the studies.

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Book SynopsisIn this compilation, the authors discuss peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM), a rare but serious form of heart failure affecting women in the last month of pregnancy or early postpartum. It is diagnosed by documented left ventricular systolic dysfunction in the absence of another demonstrable cause in a previously healthy woman. Prognosis is variable and appears to be positively related to reversal of ventricular dysfunction. Prompt diagnosis with institution of intense therapy by a multidisciplinary team is a prerequisite for improved outcome. Pharmacotherapy remains the mainstay of treatment for PPCM, and the management strategy is broadly aligned with established guidelines for cardiac failure. Nevertheless, individually tailored therapy is often required for treatment of clinical sequelae, as well as for the management of delivery. At present, we lack the understanding to be able to effectively risk stratify patients and identify those susceptible to disease progression. As such, further research into this area is crucial in order to develop an understanding of which women are at greatest long-term risk, as well as to more effectively manage the condition. The authors also discuss idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), the second most frequent cause of heart failure and is associated with a survival rate of less than 50% at 10 years. The diagnosis is clinical and established by the presence of both left ventricle enlargement and systolic dysfunction. MRI has been increasingly applied to the evaluation of cardiovascular disease and has become the first-line imaging modality in the assessment of many types of congenital and acquired cardiovascular disorders; it could be used for global analysis of ventricular structure and function, myocardial mass and viability. It is nowadays the gold standard for assessing RV systolic function and is being increasingly used in this regard. Additionally, more than 40 genes have been identified as causative gene associated with hereditary DCM. A genetic diagnosis can confirm a hereditary DCM clinical diagnosis and it can help predict disease risks for family members before the onset of symptoms. Thus, finding predictors of DCM is of great significance as this may help doctors take precautions as soon as possible and is beneficial for long-term outcomes.

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Book SynopsisIn this compilation, the authors present and discuss various aspects of arrhythmias in endurance competitive and leisure-time sportsmen including master athletes based on their extensive experience and international literature. The value of heart rate monitors for evaluating exercise intensity and for diagnosis of arrhythmias is discussed and standard procedure for dealing with suspected arrhythmias useful both for athletes, their coaches or doctors is proposed. Next, the authors focus on recent literature data related to the role of endothelial nitric oxide and inducible nitric oxide in physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Nitric oxide is a free radical which, in reactions with various molecules, causes multiple biological effects. It is exceptionally regulated and extends to almost every cell type and function within circulation. Extracranial carotid artery stenosis is a major cause of stroke and is treated with either carotid endarterectomy (CEA) or percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) and carotid artery stenting (CAS). In this collection, several types of imaging study have been used to identify complications related to in-stent restenosis, including Doppler ultrasound, computed tomography angiography, digital subtraction angiography, magnetic resonance angiography, intravascular ultrasound, and optical coherence tomography. The authors go on to discuss some recent randomized studies that compared different d rug-eluting balloon catheters (DEB) with drug-eluting stents (DES) used to treat BMS- in-stent restenosis or DES- in-stent restenosis, and the long-term clinical results of those studies. Evidence from controlled clinical studies has suggested that DES and drug-eluting balloon catheters (DEB) provide the best clinical and angiographic results in the treatment of ISR. Following this, the dynamics of the conformation changes in the subdomains of the NC1 hexamer under the influence of sound frequencies distressing them was studied in gelatin (film) and collagen (cardiac aorta/veins endothelium) obtained from pork, using the gravitation mass spectroscopy method (GMS). Continuing, most coronary events are caused by significant stenoses or vulnerable plaques. Recent studies have shown that significant stenoses and vulnerable plaques often coexist. The basic concept that underlies these entities is increased plaque volume. Additionally, recent evidence shows that coronary calcium score and fractional flow reserve are the most accurate methods to assess increased plaque volume, and therefore, have high prognostic value. The main goal of the subsequent study is the application of an immunohistochemistry technique in order to diagnose myocardial ischemia in early stages with a better confidence rate. Sudden cardiac death cases were selected and their findings were qualitatively and quantitatively assessed. The study focuses on the evolution and location of fibronectin in the ischemic cardiomyocytes during process of infarction and remodeling of cardiac scars. Lastly, the authors investigate the incidence of very late in-stent restenosis and risk factors for very late target lesion revascularization (TLR) in patients with sirolimus-eluting stent (SES). Very late SES-TLR was associated with history of hemodialysis and previous PCI with SES for ISR lesion.

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Book SynopsisThe opening chapter of Horizons in World Cardiovascular Research. Volume 16 discusses the functions of the internal jugular veins, particularly how they are usually valveless except for a single valve situated just above the junction of the vein with the brachiocephalic vein. Additionally, the authors assess the frequency, nature, duration and significance of cardiovascular disorders associated with rotavirus infection in the human body. A careful analysis of electrocardiograms and other diagnostic tools is included with the goal of helping to early identify high risk beta-thalassemia major patients for arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. The authors also examine the coronary vasospasm as a potential risk for thrombus formation in patients with drug-eluting stents implantation by showing several clinical studies and case reports in terms of mechanism and prevention. Following this, an overview of the structure of smooth muscle cells and their main functions in the human umbilical artery is presented. The anatomy and physiology of venous outflow from the brain is described. Since physical effects play an important role in regulating this outflow, it is important to present some basic physical principles governing the flow in the tubes. Moreover, the authors review a transgenic mouse model to study its genetic contribution to Moyamoya syndrome, a cerebrovascular condition defined by the chronic progressive stenosis of the intracranial internal carotid arteries and their major branches, as well as describe a recently-developed surgical model. The closing chapter posits that it would be beneficial to describe the difficulties and challenges that occur during the implantation of permanent biventricular defibrillating systems in cases of Superior Vena Cava is Persistent Left Superior Vena Cava.Table of ContentsFor more information, please visit our website at:https://novapublishers.com/shop/horizons-in-world-cardiovascular-research-volume-16/

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Book SynopsisTricuspid valve disease has long been ignored as a surrogate for the left atrioventricular valve (the mitral valve) and mainly a benign, indolent disease. This concept is currently outdated, as we know that the pathology of the tricuspid valve, primitive or secondary, sometimes isolated, brings with it a poor prognosis if not treated. To date, the complexity is recognized not only of the valve itself, but also of its pathophysiology and the environment of the right heart and its interaction with the left heart. In order to better define the therapeutic path of a patient suffering from tricuspid valve disease, we have tried to offer a comprehensive overview to the reader, starting from historical considerations (Chapter 1) about the vision of the circulatory system and from the evidence accumulated over the centuries until the recognition of the continuum between signs and symptoms related to the valve. As the basis of a modern approach to the understanding of the valve itself, we have traced the embryological and morphogenetic stages towards the anatomo-clinical correlates (Chapter 2). Subsequently, the epidemiology and clinical approach to tricuspid valve disease (Chapter 3) were illustrated, followed by the diagnostic procedure, state-of-the-art imaging techniques (Chapter 4) and more advanced techniques (Chapter 5). In particular, I thought it was necessary to dedicate a chapter to the pathology of the tricuspid valve secondary (functional) to left heart disease (Chapter 6), probably the most frequent form encountered by the clinicians. We have not neglected to discuss about tricuspid valve infections (Chapter 7), with particular reference to the microbiology, diagnosis and treatment. We considered it necessary that the role of the valve in congenital adult disease should also be addressed (Chapter 8), whether in natural history, modified by surgery or as an acquired disease. Neoplastic pathology may also involve the valve and the pathologist provides (Chapter 9) the knowledge and systematization of the most frequent primary and secondary tumors. Coming to the therapeutic act, after dealing with special pathology of the valve, (Chapter 10) we present the pharmacological approach, a necessary act, sometimes as a sole therapeutic option and sometimes propedeutic to surgery. Tricuspid valve plays an absolutely primary role in two aspects of the advanced treatment of refractory heart failure, namely its clinical and prognostic impact on ventricular care systems (LVAD) and cardiac transplantation (Chapter 11) has been discussed. The last two chapters are dedicated to non-medical treatment, with a particular focus on indications, risk selection and stratification as well as adequate surgical techniques (Chapter 12) and new perspectives of intervention through transcatheter techniques (Chapter 13). Overall, there is a need for an integrated and multidisciplinary approach to a complex nosological entity that is itself interdependent on pathophysiological systems, which the clinician, cardiologist, cardiac surgeon, internist and researcher cannot ignore.Table of ContentsPrefaceThe Tricuspid Valve: From the Forgotten Valve to the Fulcrum of the Right Heart Historical PerspectiveThe Functional Anatomy and Pathology of the Tricuspid Valve: Morphogenesis, Normal and Pathological AnatomyThe Diseased Tricuspid Valve: Epidemiology and Clinical Approach to the Tricuspid Valve DiseaseNon-Invasive Imaging of the Tricuspid Valve Ultrasounds: Transthoracic and Transesophageal EchocardiographyAdvanced Imaging and Functional Tools for Tricuspid Valve Assessment: Cardiac MRI, Ct-Scan and Cardiopulmonary Exercise TestFunctional Disease: Tricuspid Valve in Left-Sided Heart DiseaseTricuspid Valve Endocarditis: Epidemiology, Treatment and OutcomesTricuspid Valve Disease in Adults with Congenital Heart Disease in Natural or Modified HistoryNeoplastic Disorders Involving the Right Heart and the Tricuspid ValvePharmacological Treatment of Tricuspid RegurgitationTricuspid Valve in the Failing Heart: The Role of Tricuspid Valve during Mechanical Circulatory Support and in Heart TransplantationSurgical Treatment of Functional Tricuspid Valve Disease: Surgeons Perspective -- Indications, Risk Stratification and OutcomesNovel Transcatheter Therapies for Treating Tricuspid RegurgitationIndex.

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Book SynopsisAtrial fibrillation is initiated by triggers in combination with underlying atrial substrate. Horizons in World Cardiovascular Research. Volume 17 discusses how innovations in cardiac magnetic resonance imaging techniques, especially late gadolinium enhancement imaging, have advanced our ability to better understand and accurately identify fibrosis in the atrial myocardium of atrial fibrillation patients. According to the nephron number hypothesis, individuals born with kidneys with fewer nephrons would be at increased risk for hypertension and renal disease later in life. Evidence supporting a role for preterm birth itself as a programming risk factor come from observations demonstrating that the degree of prematurity impacts the severity of hypertension or renal dysfunction observed later in life, indicating a dose-response effect of preterm birth. As such, the authors review this effect in the context of consequences for the mother after pregnancy as well as individuals born during premature labor. This compilation goes on to discuss venous thromboembolism, a spectrum of disease that includes both deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Venous thromboembolism affects 950,000 patients every year and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Superior mesenteric artery syndrome is a rare clinical entity resulting in partial or complete duodenal obstruction due to compression of the third part of the duodenum. Symptoms will vary depending on the severity, but can be very debilitating. The authors discuss the diagnosis of this rare condition, as well as treatment options. Next, the surgical anatomy of the superior mesenteric artery is schematized through a subdivision in three segments, each with a different method for surgical dissection, for a better understanding of its surgical anatomy. The final chapter focuses on the current development of zebrafish models for the screening for cardiotoxic and cardioprotective agents. The administration of endocrine disruptors, cigarette smoke, acrylamide, phthalates and phosphate, heavy metals, inoculation infectious agent, alcohol, surgery and laser light radiations are the major cause of cardiotoxicity in zebrafish.Table of ContentsPrefaceAccuracy of Late Gadolinium Enhancement-Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Assessment of Left Atrial Myocardial Fibrosis and Substrate Remodeling in Patients with Atrial FibrillationInferior Vena Cava (IVC) FiltersSuperior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome: Clinical Features, Investigations and TreatmentsSurgical Anatomy of the Superior Mesenteric ArteryZebrafish Models for Screening of Cardiotoxic Agents and It Exists outside the Ambit of Cardiovascular ResearchIndex.

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Book SynopsisThis book opens with a review of the most common forms of congenital heart disease in pregnancy, outlines preconception counselling, discusses the associated morbidity and mortality of each lesion, and reviews current recommendations for the management of congenital heart disease in pregnancy. Women with congenital heart disease represent over 50% of patients with cardiac disease in pregnancy today. Formerly characterised by high rates of maternal morbidity and mortality, the authors explore how advancements in medical management and surgical intervention are responsible for increasing numbers of women with congenital heart defects experiencing safe and successful pregnancies. Additionally, the authors discuss cardiac resynchronization therapy in adults with congenital heart disease. Treatment in the setting of heart failure is challenging due to heterogeneity of the underlying anatomy and physiology, surgical scars, residual shunts and valvular dysfunction. Since donor hearts are scarce, worldwide interest has increased for the application of cardiac resynchronization therapy in this relatively young population. This compilation goes on to discuss the four different types of atrial septal defects, categorized based on location and embryological development. While bicuspid aortic valve is the most common congenital heart anomaly in adults, atrial septal defects are not far behind, accounting for 10-15% of congenital heart disease. In the penultimate study, the authors focus on the state of the liver in children with congenital heart disease and chronic heart failure. Congenital heart disease represented: ventricular septal defect -- in 26,7% of patients, secondary atrial septal defect -- in 24,4% of children, a double discharge of the main vessels of the right ventricle -- in 15,6% of patients, common atrioventricular canal -- at 15,6% of children, tetralogy of Fallot -- at 11,1% of patients, etc. The concluding study reviews the effects of high altitude effects on congenital heart disease in the Andean region, and in Ecuador as a study case. High-altitude hypoxia presents numerous challenges to human health, survival, and reproduction because of decreased oxygen availability brought on by lowered barometric pressure at high elevations.

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Book SynopsisHorizons in World Cardiovascular Research. Volume 18 opens with a chapter reviewing the literature regarding the effectiveness of hyperbaric oxygen therapy and iloprost treatment, either alone or in combination, on ischemia/reperfusion injury. Ductus arteriosus is a fetal circulatory pathway which helps to redirect blood flow to the placenta in the fetus and spontaneously closes shortly after birth. The clinical and laboratory features of isolated patent ductus arteriosus are reviewed, along with indications for closure, methods of closure, and results. The authors briefly summarize the unique and role of chloride in the treatment of cardiovascular patients, particularly heart failure patients, and present a series of case vignettes of cardiovascular patients undergoing practical use of this agent. Next, the timing of symptomatic infarct swelling after recombinant tissue plasminogen activator treatment is evaluated. To carry out this evaluation, 14,868 patients with acute ischemic stroke were retrospectively analyzed from a stroke registry data-bank. An additional study assesses whether serum lipid levels are associated with the risk of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage and functional outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke after receiving intravenous thrombolysis. The coronary characteristics of patients with ischemic stroke are also studied by way of coronary computed tomographic angiographies carried out in 349 patients with stroke and 349 age- and sex-matched patients without stroke. The coronary calcium scores and the prevalence of significant stenosis and high-risk plaque between the groups are compared. This compilation also studies subclinical coronary artery disease in low to intermediate risk patients through coronary computed tomographic angiographies carried out in 744 patients, measuring the coronary calcium scores and the prevalence of significant stenosis and high-risk plaque. The coronary characteristics in patients with chronic kidney disease are similarly examined. The concluding study evaluates the impact of intermittent fasting on cerebrovascular disease, revealing differences in stroke patterns during Ramadan between the fasting and non-fasting groups.

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Book SynopsisBackground: Diabetic cardiomyopathy is defined as heart failure independent of the coronary artery, valve disease and hypertension. It has multifactorial aetiology but the pathogenesis is incompletely understood. Hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia and inflammation with high oxidative stress lead to structural and functional alterations of the left ventricle (LV) and promote diabetic cardiomyopathy. Diastolic dysfunction is an early sign of diabetic cardiomyopathy. It has a long asymptomatic period, but with time leads to loss of contractile function. Hence, the identification of subclinical diabetic cardiomyopathy and correction of potentially modified risk factors are very important to delay the onset of heart failure. The aim: We aimed to assess the LV function in asymptomatic diabetic patients and its correlation with clinical and biochemical parameters. Study design: Cross-sectional study that includes a total number of 137 subjects. The target group consists of 72 asymptomatic normotensive patients with diabetes mellitus type 2, without coronary artery and valve disease. The control group is composed of 65 healthy subjects. Methods: All patients were subject to echocardiography (conventional 2D, M-mode, PW Doppler analysis and contemporary techniques-TDI and 2D-Speckle-Tracking Echocardiography). We evaluate LV diastolic and systolic function and its correlation with basic clinical characteristics (age, gender, BMI, BSA, waist to hip ratio, duration of diabetes) and biochemical analyses (glucose profile, lipid profile, CRP). The correlation between clinical, biochemical and echocardiographic parameters was assessed by the Pearson Product Moment of Correlation. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered to indicate significance. Results: Analysis of deformation identify the greatest number of subjects with abnormal myocardial mechanics (n=45, 62%). Wilcoxon Matched Pairs Test showed a statistically significant difference between the groups regarding the prevalence of diastolic dysfunction, in each imaging modality-PWD and TDI (Z=2.3, p=0.01; Z=2.9, p=0.003). There were strong negative correlations between clinical, biochemical and echocardiographic parameters of PW Doppler and 2D Speckle-Tracking Echocardiography and strong positive correlation with TDI. Conclusion: Doppler echocardiography is a valuable imaging technique for identifying LV dysfunction in asymptomatic patients with diabetes, and is an important part of the diagnostic algorithm in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Novel Doppler-echocardiographic techniques as are Tissue Doppler Imaging and Speckle-Tracking Echocardiography show superiority over other echocardiographic methods, regarding the early detection of LV functional abnormalities in the asymptomatic diabetic population. Its introduction in daily routine will contribute to the timely initiation of treatment of risk factors, to prevent the development of heart failureTable of ContentsAbstractState of the ArtEpidemiologyDefinition of Diabetic CardiomyopathyAetiologyMetabolic FactorsImpaired Glucose Metabolism and GlucotoxicityImpaired Metabolism of Lipids and LipotoxicityIncreased Oxidative Stress, Increased the Production of Reactive Oxygen SpeciesThe Role of Transcription Factor 1 (Foxo1) To Control the Expression of Genes in the Pathogenesis of Diabetic CardiomyopathyPathophysiological Mechanisms in the Development of Diabetic CardiomyopathyPathophysiological Mechanisms in the Development of Diastolic Heart FailureActivation of Compensatory MechanismsDiagnosis of Diabetic CardiomyopathyClinical Characteristics of Diabetic CardiomyopathyAssessment of Left Ventricular FunctionEchocardiographic Analysis of the Left VentricleStudy ProtocolMotive for Study ResearchHypothesisThe Aims of the StudyThe Specific ObjectiveThe EndpointsProject DescriptionDesign of the ProjectThe Overall Concept of the StudyStudy PeriodStudy PlanStudy PopulationCharacteristics of the Study SubjectsMethodologyBiochemical Analysis: The Methodology of Analysis of Selected Laboratory-Biochemical Markers of Cardiovascular StressClinical Study Evaluation: Statistical AnalysisDissemination and RecommendationImplementationWork Plan-Work PackagesResultsComparison between the Echocardiographic Techniques in Terms of Detection of Diastolic DysfunctionCorrelation between Clinical Characteristics and Echocardiographic ParametersCorrelation between Demographic/Clinical Characteristics with Left Ventricular FunctionCorrelation between Anthropometric Characteristics and Left Ventricular FunctionCorrelations between Laboratory-Biochemical Parameters and Left Ventricular FunctionCorrelation between the Glycemic Profile and Left Ventricular FunctionCorrelation between Lipid Profile and Left Ventricular FunctionCorrelation between Hyperlipidemia and Left Ventricular FunctionCorrelation between a Marker of Inflammation CRP and Left Ventricular FunctionCorrelation between Left Ventricular Mass and Left Ventricular FunctionCorrelation between the Use of Statins and Left Ventricular FunctionCorrelation between the Type of Treatment of Diabetes and Left Ventricular FunctionDiscussionLiterature.

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Book SynopsisA Closer Look at Heart Rate opens with an examination of the latent structures underlying short-term heart rate variability indices in a sample of 96 young adults under 4-min eyes-closed followed by 4-min eyes-open resting-state conditions. Electrocardiograms recorded during the two resting-state conditions were then analyzed using a variety of heart rate variability indices in which latent structures were identified using principal component analysis. Additionally, the authors test the hypothesis that the statistical artefact regression to the mean explains part of the baseline effect. To do this, the regression to the mean effect is illustrated through heart rate recording carried out on 1233 volunteers, from which 137 were randomly selected to obtain an estimate of the stress response. Next, 14,000 antepartum fetal heart rate tracings obtained during 2,000 pregnancies are analyzed. After 30 weeks, fetal behavior progressively changes and differentiates into three main states: active sleep, quiet sleep, and active wakefulness. The fetal heart rate pattern during quiet sleep is usually homogeneous. It appears that a heterogeneous pattern reflecting a specific quiet sleep variant has been unrecognized. In the closing chapter, the role of meditation in cardiovascular risk reduction through beneficial modulation in heart rate, and heart-rate variability is reviewed and discussed. Meditative practices are aimed at training the mind to achieve a state of increased consciousness.Table of ContentsPrefaceShort-Term Resting-State Heart Rate VariabilityEstimating and Correcting the Regression to the Mean in Heart Rate Variability StudiesPreviously Unrecognized Fetal Behavior with Pre- and Postnatal Cardiorespiratory ImplicationsMeditation: A Simple Inexpensive Technique for Voluntary Control of Heart RateIndex.

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Book SynopsisVolume 19 studies the binding capabilities of cariprazine, clozapine, risperidone, olazapine, quentiapine, ziprazidone, aripirazole, haloperidol, blonanserin, iloperidone, eticlopride, amisulpride and nemonapride. The comprehensive understanding of the molecular-level mechanisms of drug-induced side effects associated with cardiovascular diseases is of paramount importance for the effective management of schizophrenia. Thoracic aortic surgery has undergone major changes in the last two decades, resulting in more favourable short- and long-term outcomes. Better understanding of underlying pathologies, re-definition of guidelines and classifications, and the evolution of diagnostics, intraoperative techniques, postoperative care and post-discharge outpatient follow-up have collectively contributed to this success. The authors summarize the cornerstones of this evolvement. The various features of the different systems and devices for complete closure of the patent foramen ovale tunnel are described, highlighting findings that are useful for interventional cardiologists. Lastly, the inter-core laboratory variability of qualitative comparative analysis parameters is assessed in comparison to the intra-core laboratory variability in a randomized controlled trial evaluating drug-eluting stents.Table of ContentsPreface; Theoretical Analysis of the Binding Capability of Therapeutics for Management of Schizophrenia of Dopamine, Serotonin and Adrenergic Receptors and Its Conjunction with Cardiovascular Diseases; A Comprehensive Guide to New Directions in Thoracic Aortic Surgery; Percutaneous Closure of Patent Foramen Ovale: Advantages and Disadvantages of Various Systems and Devices; Validation of Angiographic Core Laboratory in the Era of Drug-Eluting Stent; Index.

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Book SynopsisThis book is written for health care professionals to help update knowledge of pediatric cardiology from the Aristotelean heart era and particularly from the past several decades. The current and future shortage of pediatric cardiologists necessitates steady, rejuvenated information on the Aristotelean heart for primary care clinicians as they care for the child as well as adolescent/young adult with cardiovascular dilemmas and disorders. In view of this shortage and the rapidly increasing knowledge in pediatric cardiology as well as understanding indications for referral to pediatric cardiologists in the 21st century, au courant assiduous information aimed at primary care clinicians in these areas becomes increasingly important. Chapters in this book cover cardiologic problems in different pediatric ages from newborns to young adults. We begin with a history of medical knowledge regarding the heart starting when writing began in ancient Mesopotamia to our current understanding that is subject to further change with ongoing insight and research from current as well as future scholars.Table of ContentsPreface; Introduction; Promethean Progress in Understanding the Pediatric Heart: From the Ancient Egyptian Heart and the Aristotelian Heart to the 20th Century Heart with the Blalock-Taussig Shunt: Standing on the Shoulders of Giants; Newborn Cardiology; Cardiology: An Overview; Hypertension in Children: Current Concepts; Common Pediatric Arrhythmias: Part I; Common Pediatric Arrhythmias: Part II; Myocarditis in the Pediatric and Adolescent Population; Hyperlipidemia in Children; Cardiovascular Complications of Obesity; Pediatric Pulmonary Thromboembolic Disease; Emerging Therapies for Pediatric Thromboembolic Disease; Pompe Disease; Sexual and Reproductive Health in the Adolescent Cardiac Patient; Sleep Disorders in Children and Adolescents; Sudden Cardiac Death in the Pediatric and Adolescent Population; Mental Health and Chronic Disease: Issues in Cardiovascular Disease; Psychosocial Adaptation to Chronic Illness and Disability (CID) for Children and Adolescents: A Global Perspective; Physician Use of Brief Counseling Models in a Pediatric Outpatient Setting; Pediatric Palliative Care in Congenital Heart Disease: A Case-Based Approach in Infants and Children; Chronic Disease and the Dying Adolescent; About the Editors; About the Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D; School of Medicine (WMED), Kalamazoo, Michigan, United States; About the Department of Pediatrics, Ascension St John Childrens Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, United States; About the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development in Israel; Index.

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Book SynopsisThis book highlights the current importance of aortic aneurysms, their clinical presentations and methods of management. The book focuses on different segments of the aorta from the aortic root to the abdominal aorta. Not only are the clinical and pathological conditions included in this book, but also the basic immunopathology of the aortic aneurysms are thoroughly discussed. We highlight the importance of the understanding the basic pathophysiology of the aneurysm formation, presentation and therefore management of each pathology. The presentation of each aortic segment aneurysm varies depending on the acute pathology. There are often such cases when these aneurysms are found accidentally while the patients are being scanned for other non-aortic conditions. Throughout the chapters of this book, we have aimed to simplify the understanding of the aortic aneurysm, its clinical manifestations and methods of diagnosis and options of surgical interventions in each case. This book serves as an important tool for those who have a special interest in aortic surgery.Table of ContentsPreface; Immunopathology of Aortic Aneurysms; Endovascular Stent Grafting of Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm; Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms: Morphology, Risk Factors, Management and Image-Based Modeling Strategies; Index.

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Book SynopsisIn this compilation, the pathogenesis and interrelationships of metabolic abnormalities are discussed, particularly their impact on cardiovascular disease, as well as the role of excess adiposity in metabolic derange. The authors discuss the literature on polycystic ovary syndrome and cardio-metabolic risk factors, providing recommendations that would be helpful for healthcare providers and policy makers. Additionally, the aspects of nutritional habits associated to an increase in cardiovascular risk factors in the obese population are addressed.Table of ContentsPreface; Cardiometabolic Diseases and Risk Factors; Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Cardiometabolic Risks Related to Obesity: Potential Effects of Nutritional Habits; Index.

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Book SynopsisVolume 20 first explores preventive cardiology, a new subspecialty in cardiovascular medicine, discussing how it is possible to modify lifestyle and coronary risk factors well in advance of clinical events. The authors describes an approach to echocardiography of the aortic arch for reliable demonstration of the arch segments while reducing confounding from a patent ductus arteriosus. This compilation goes on to discuss intravascular ultrasound, which complements the conventional angiographic study and allows for the acquirement of high definition images of arteries for the evaluation of atheroma plaques. Additionally, a brief presentation of the X-ray angiography image processing methods is provided. The perioperative use of dexmedetomidine in cardiac surgery, specifically its role in early extubation, delirium management, and reducing morbidity is assessed. Evidence-based treatments for secondary prevention of ischemic heart diseases are described, including the use of antiplatelet agents, beta-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, and statins, as well as lifestyle modifications. The authors propose that the assessment of renal function in patients with heart failure is very important because it can reflect their hemodynamic status and provide a better prognostic score. The authors describe some of the common drug-related problems in patients with cardiovascular diseases, as well as their consequences, so as to identify patients who may be at risk and review several interventions designed to limit their occurrence. The closing study discusses how, to further evaluate for an aortic dissection, additional official radiologic studies likely need to be obtained to aid in diagnosis and operative planning.Table of ContentsPreface; Preventive Cardiology: A New Subspecialty in Cardiovascular Medicine; Echocardiographic Imaging of the Aortic Arch: Diagnostic Approach and Technical Considerations for Anatomic Variation and Pathology; Intravascular Ultrasound: Method, Uses, Advantages and Disadvantages; Medical Imagistics of the Vascular Diseases; Dexmedetomidine in Cardiac Surgery; The Current World of Prescribing According to Acute Coronary Syndrome Guidelines; The Significance of the Kidney in Heart Failure; Drug-Related Problems in Cardiovascular Diseases; Aortic Dissection (AD): Clinical Characteristics, Risk Factors and Treatment Options; Index.

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Book SynopsisThis book describes the different aspects of aortic valve including comprehensive discussion of the state-of-the-art diagnostic imaging options, disease risk stratification, selection of candidates for valve repair or percutaneous intervention, and most recent therapeutic options. The growing prevalence of valvular heart disease represents a major challenge in terms of short- and long-term management and surveillance. Aortic valve diseases, including aortic stenosis and regurgitation, are among the most frequent of these, while the number of cases of aortic root disease is also on the rise. Aortic valve disease treatment options include valve surgery, valve repair, minimally invasive valve surgery, and percutaneous approaches and all are covered in this volume. Perspective in Aortic Valve Disease is a highly illustrated, case oriented reference aimed at cardiology fellows in training, while also helpful to surgeons, cardiologists, imagers, interventionalists, as well as other clinicians and students involved in the diagnosis and treatment of aortic valve and root diseases.

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Book SynopsisThis monograph comprises seven chapters, each detailing recent advancements in the field of cardiovascular research. Chapter One describes the various benefits that progesterone has on the cardiovascular system. Chapter Two aims to describe congenital heart disease in well-characterised syndromes and update the possible causes of genetic origin. Chapter Three aims to update and review the hemodynamic evaluation and percutaneous intervention in congenital heart disease. Chapter Four is focused on the evaluation and treatment of intermediate coronary plaque. Chapter Five presents a review of the literature on the field of disseminated intravascular coagulopathy and analyses several factors regarding the management of such cases. Chapter Six aims to identify predictors of the vulnerability and assessment in dynamics of the morphology of coronary plaques in patients with stable coronary artery disease. Finally, Chapter Seven reports on the case of a patient with rheumatic heart disease who underwent double valve replacement and incidentally was diagnosed with emphysematous pyelonephritis during his post-operative course in the hospital.Table of ContentsPreface; Discoveries and Advances in the Effects of Progesterone on the Cardiovascular System; Congenital Heart Disease Associated with Well-Characterized Genetic Syndromes; Percutaneous Intervention and Hemodynamic Assessment in Congenital Heart Diseases; Evaluation and Treatment of Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque with Intermediate Stenosis; Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation Post Endovascular Aortic Repair; Vulnerable Plaques in Patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease; Incidental Emphysematous Pyelonephritis in a Double Valve Replacement: A Rare Case Report; Index.

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Book SynopsisThis book is based on firsthand experience gained by the author and her research team during many years of experimental studies, supported by the analysis of abundant literature published between 1970 and 1999. It deals with the comparative assessment of ischemic and reperfusion injuries and their mechanisms in vitally important organs differing in their sensitivity to oxygen deficiency, metabolic activity, and provision with radical-generating and antioxidant system. A distinctive feature of the monograph, compared to previous studies in this field, is that attention is focused on the role of free-radical reactions, their place among other damaging factors (disturbances of energy metabolism, intensification of lipolysis and phospholipolysis, etc), a detailed analysis of mechanisms responsible for the formation of free radicals during ischemia (the roles of electron transport pathways, radical-generating enzymes, macrophages, endothelial cells, etc) and a general review of modern methods of antiradical and antischemic therapy. None of the books published to date is characterised by such an approach to the problem.

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Book SynopsisAngiogenesis -- the growth of new blood vessels -- is an important natural process occurring in the body, both for health and as related to disease. Angiogenesis occurs in the healthy body to help heal wounds and to help restore blood flow to tissues after injury or insult. In females, angiogenesis also occurs during the monthly reproductive cycle (to rebuild the uterus lining, to mature the egg during ovulation) and during pregnancy (to build the placenta, the circulation between mother and foetus). The healthy body controls angiogenesis through a series of "on" and "off" switches. The main "on" switches are known as angiogenesis-stimulating growth factors. The main "off switches" are known as angiogenesis inhibitors. When angiogenic growth factors are produced in excess of angiogenesis inhibitors the balance is tipped in favour of blood vessel growth. When inhibitors are present in excess of stimulators, angiogenesis is stopped. The normal, healthy body maintains a perfect balance of angiogenesis modulators. In general, angiogenesis is "turned off" by the production of more inhibitors than stimulators. Tumour angiogenesis is the proliferation of a network of blood vessels that penetrates into cancerous growths, supplying nutrients and oxygen and removing waste products. Tumour angiogenesis actually starts with cancerous tumour cells releasing molecules that send signals to surrounding normal host tissue. This signalling activates certain genes in the host tissue that, in turn, cause proteins to encourage growth of new blood vessels. This new book examines its angiogenesis within the context of theory and its applications to cancer treatment.

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Book SynopsisIn recent years, a substantial number of imaging studies have addressed the neuronal processes underlying recovery after stroke. Although difficult to achieve, several longitudinal studies assessed both clinical recovery and imaging patterns over time and give important inside into the plasticity of the stroked brain. This tendency is supported by the fact that it has become possible to depict biological processes at the cellular and molecular level. Of primary interest is the development of methods using MRI and PET with which the different kinds of progress of therapy in acute ischemic stroke can be monitored and graphically displayed. The emerging studies of brain plasticity and its modulation by drugs and other therapies indicate potentially useful approaches to the rehabilitation of adults with brain damage, including damage resulting from cerebral ischaemia. State-of-the-art imaging technology is already being developed to image genes and their impact on cellular function in laboratory animals. Eventually, this may also be possible in humans. Main attention is given to imaging the post-stroke phase and its implication on treatment. This book gives important insight in the future of imaging in stroke and their interaction with clinical aspects. Stroke care has become a specialised field, requiring input from different sub-specialists forming a multidisciplinary team.

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Book SynopsisThe contents of this volume focuses on the relationship between passive smoking and cardiovascular pathology. Findings concerning the harmful effects of passive smoking, namely isolated or public exposure to someone else''s smoking, began in the 1970''s. This book reflects the current views on the relationship between cardiovascular pathology and passive smoking providing the main achievements obtained with the findings on the subject. The book presents the factors that influence negatively both a normal and diseased heart and blood vessels of non-smokers exposed to environmental smoking by means of different chapters structured with a sequence that begin from normal patterns until reaching the final step: irreversible damage of the heart and blood vessels.

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Book SynopsisAngiotensin is an oligopeptide in the blood that causes vasoconstriction, increased blood pressure, and release of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex. It is a hormone and a powerful dipsogen. It is derived from the precursor molecule angiotensinogen, a serum globulin produced in the liver. It plays an important role in the renin-angiotensin system. This book presents the latest research advances in the field.

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