Business applications Books

Book Synopsis LaTeX lernen leicht gemacht Von der Installation bis zum Druck: Rainer Griesbaum und Ivica Rogina erklären Ihnen in diesem Buch alles, was Sie zu dem bei Mathematikern, Naturwissenschaftlern und Ingenieuren beliebten Textsatzsystem LaTeX wissen müssen. Bringen Sie mit LaTeX umfangreiche Texte elegant in Form und integrieren Sie anschauliche Abbildungen, übersichtliche Tabellen, informative Fu?noten und schön gestaltete mathematische Formeln. Im Handumdrehen haben Sie ein Inhaltsverzeichnis erstellt, ein Register angelegt oder eine ansprechende Präsentation aufgebaut. Das alles können Sie mit dem Online- Editor Overleaf auch im Internet erledigen, alleine oder gemeinsam mit anderen. Sie erfahren Wie Sie LaTeX und eine bersichtliche Arbeitsumgebung einrichten Wie Sie Texte formatieren, Tabellen erstellen oder Formeln setzen Wie Sie Dokumente strukturieren, Verzeichnisse erstellen und Abbildungen einbinden

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Book SynopsisEinleitung.- Die Logistik.- E-Commerce.- Dropshipping Modell.- Dropshipping in Indien und in den Vereinigten Staaten.- Marketingstrategien Dropshipping.- Kaufentscheidungsprozess von Kunden.- Experteninterviews und Fragebogen.- Beeinflussung der Kaufentscheidungen der Konsumenten*innen durch Nachhaltigkeitenbemühungen der Unternehmen.- Erfolgsfaktoren für eine Expansion von Indien in die Vereinigten Staaten von Amerika.

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Book SynopsisArtificial Intelligence / Künstliche Intelligenz.- Enterprise- & IT-Architektur.- Digital Business.- Cloud Computing.- Deployment Automatisierung.- Software-Defined Vehicles.- Software-Defined Enterprises.

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Book SynopsisÜberblick über das Digital Consulting.- Methoden und Ansätze.- Werkzeuge.- Fallbeispiele.

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Book SynopsisBusiness Process Management (BPM) has become one of the most widely used approaches for the design of modern organizational and information systems. The conscious treatment of business processes as significant corporate assets has facilitated substantial improvements in organizational performance but is also used to ensure the conformance of corporate activities. This Handbook presents in two volumes the contemporary body of knowledge as articulated by the world's leading BPM thought leaders. This second volume focuses on the managerial and organizational challenges of BPM such as strategic and cultural alignment, governance and the education of BPM stakeholders. As such, this book provides concepts and methodologies for the integration of BPM. Each chapter has been contributed by leading international experts. Selected case studies complement their views and lead to a summary of BPM expertise that is unique in its coverage of the most critical success factors of BPM.The second edition of this handbook has been significantly revised and extended. Each chapter has been updated to reflect the most current developments. This includes in particular new technologies such as in-memory data and process management, social media and networks. A further focus of this revised and extended edition is on the actual deployment of the proposed theoretical concepts. This volume includes a number of entire new chapters from some of the world's leading experts in the domain of BPM. Table of ContentsStrategic Alignment.- Governance.- People and culture.

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Book SynopsisTechnology transfer has a long history, but only recently has it become the subject of study and action. The rapid rate of scientific and technical advance in both Europe and the United States and the existence of large technology gaps among nations has brought the importance of the process into sharper focus, and has c~used technology transfer to have implications for countless aspects of both national and international develop­ ment. Technology transfer has been variously defined as: the process of information transfer between science, technology and actual utilization of scientific data and ideas, to wit: production of goods and services; the process by which science and technology are diffused throughout human activity; the transfer of research results into operations; the process by which technical information originating in one setting is adapted for use in another setting. Collectively, these and other definitions share a common theme which characterizes the process as one of bringing technology i'ilto widespread use in solving mankind's problems in the shortest practical time. The first NATO Advanced Study Institute (ASI) on Technology Transfer in July, 1973, brought together many of the individuals dealing with quantitative data, based on empirical research. This conference had both the advantages and disadvantages of a somewhat detached point of view. The ASI also had lectures contributed by representatives from government agencies and corporations (and a few university-based scholars) who had been active as practitioners or consultants in policy-making and organizational design for technology transfer.Table of ContentsI. Introduction.- World Crises: an Opportunity for Technology Transfer (Chairman’s Introduction).- Technology Transfer in the United States.- II. Quantitative and Qualitative Areas.- Empirical Approaches to Understanding Transfer Processes in Technological Change: Report on a Workshop.- Development and Implications of a Technique for Quantifying Technology.- Technology Transfer in the British Textile Industry.- The Critical Role of Communication in Technology Transfer.- Regulatory Barriers to Technological Innovation: Some Examples.- III. Public Technology.- Remote Sensing Technology Transfer to the Public Sector.- Accelerating Reform in the Courts through Technology Transfer.- Organizing U.S. State and Local Governments to Capture the Benefits of R&D.- Technology Transfer: Expanded Uses of Federal Laboratories.- Transfer of Military Technology to Civilian Needs.- European Views on the Transfer of Technology from Military to Civil Uses.- Technology Transfer from the Defense to the Civilian Sector in Israel: Methodology and Findings.- IV. International Technology Transfer.- People’s Republic of China’s Purchases of Industrial Plants from Japan.- U.S. Corporate Experience in Transferring Industrial Technology to the Soviet Bloc.- Barriers to the Transfer of Military Systems Technology to the United States.- Nuclear Energy Technology Transfer: the Security Barriers.- European Community Policies and Programmes Favouring Technology Transfer.- Assessing Effects of International Technology Transfer on the U.S. Economy.- V. Multinational Technology Transfer.- Technology Transfer in a Multinational Firm.- The Role of Technology in Development.- How to Obtain Foreign Technology at Minimum Cost, or Free.- An Evaluation of Technology Transfer in Under-Developed Countries.- VI. Summary, Synthesis and Review.- Summary.

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Book SynopsisThe Crucial Role of Digital Technology in Intangible Cultural Heritage Preservation.- Reconstructing the Classification System of Intangible Cultural Heritage from a Digital Perspective.- Applications of Digital Technology in the Preservation of Intangible Cultural Heritage.- Advanced Development of Digital Technology in the Preservation of Intangible Cultural Heritage.- The Use of Intelligent Media Technologies in the Dissemination of Intangible Cultural Heritage.- The Multifaceted Relationships in the Development of the Digital Cultural Industry.- Characteristics and Guidance of Cultural Consumption in the Digital Economy Era.- 5G Technology Driving Innovation and Development in the Cultural Industry.- Artificial Intelligence Pioneering a New Era of Digital Cultural Industry Development.- High-Quality Development of the Digital Cultural Industry from an Industrial Chain Perspective.- Media Revolution Triggered by New Technology Development.- Mass Media and the Mass World.- Online Communities and Social Networking.- On Violence in Online Games and the Construction of Violence Indices.- Citizen Speech and Online Public Opinion.

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Book SynopsisThis book is a compelling and comprehensive guide to data science, emphasizing its real-world business applications and focusing on how to collaborate productively with data science teams.Trade ReviewEngaging in data science requires diplomacy for maximal impact. Namely, understanding the norms and priorities of data professionals helps you to spot risks and opportunities. As experienced, trusted data science advisors, and by providing valuable examples, Friedman and Swaminathan open a new data-driven world that spans every single industry vertical. -- Armen Kherlopian, CEO and Partner, Covenant Venture CapitalWinning with Data Science is refreshingly practical and clear. It’s also fun and empowering. After reading it, you’ll be more savvy about working with data teams and more valuable to your company. You may even become the envy of your colleagues (and competitors), who will wonder how you got so smart. -- Steven Strogatz, Susan and Barton Winokur Distinguished Professor for the Public Understanding of Science and Mathematics, Cornell University, and author of Infinite PowersFriedman and Swaminathan have taken the complex topic of data science and made it accessible to everyone. Their creative use of characters, situations, and meaningful examples serve to demystify how to think about the field, how to use data science to solve everyday problems, and how to interact with data scientists to ensure successful projects. An excellent read, even for people who (think they) know a little about the field of data science! -- Melvin (Skip) Olson, global head, Integrated Evidence Strategy and Innovation, Novartis Pharma AGWinning with Data Science addresses a critical but often ignored obstacle in data science: the knowledge gap between business stakeholders and technical teams. This book cuts through data science buzzwords and empowers readers with the knowledge to cultivate thriving data cultures. Distinguishing itself from others, this book prioritizes effective communication and collaboration within the data science sphere, facilitating deeper discussions on intricate technical subjects. -- Jeff Chen, former chief data scientist of the U.S. Department of Commerce and coauthor of Data Science for Public PolicyA terrific work. Winning with Data Science expertly takes readers through daily 'data lives,' struggles with business problems, and the data science concepts that can help address them. -- Paul W. Thurman, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, and author of MBA Fundamentals: StatisticsFriedman and Swaminathan provide a deep understanding of data science methodologies to managers, striking exactly the right balance of complexity and accessibility. -- Kim Sweeny, Principal Projects Officer, Institute for Sustainable Industries & Liveable Cities, Victoria UniversityIn today's digital age, data is king. And for business leaders, extracting insights and using them to drive informed decisions is more crucial than ever. . . . If [you] want to speak the language of data and harness its potential, Winning with Data Science is a must-read. -- Ken Kuang, entrepreneur, and Founder, Torrey Hills TechnologiesBy the end of the book, you'll feel like a pro in talking about data, even if you're not a tech expert. -- Nirali Mehta, Founder and CEO, PHARMA-STATSWinning with Data Science tackles the complex topic of data science and simplifies it to make it accessible to anyone, enabling a more data-driven culture at your organization. -- David Mathison, CEO, Chief AI Officer Summit, CDO Club, and CDO SummitTable of ContentsAcknowledgmentsIntroduction1. Tools of the Trade2. The Data Science Project3. Data Science Foundations4. Making Decisions with Data5. Clustering, Segmenting, and Cutting Through the Noise6. Building Your First Model7. Tools for Machine Learning8. Pulling It Together9. EthicsConclusionNotesIndex

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Book SynopsisVirtual humans are becoming more and more popular and used in many applications such as the entertainment industry (in both film and games) and medical applications.Table of ContentsPreface. List of Contributors. List of Figures. List of Tables. 1. An Overview of Virtual Humans (Nadia Magnenat Thalmann and Daniel Thalmann). 2. Face Cloning and Face Motion Capture (Wonsook Lee, Taro Goto, Sumedha Kshirsagar, Tom Molet). 3. Body Cloning and Body Motion Capture (Pascal Fua, Ralf Plaenkers, WonSook Lee, Tom Molet). 4. Anthropometric Body Modeling (Hyewon Seo). 5. Body Motion Control (Ronan Boulic, Paolo Baerlocher). 6. Facial Deformation Models (Prem Kalra, Stephane Garchery, Sumedha Kshirsagar). 7. Body Deformations (Amaury Aubel). 8. Hair Simulation (Sunil Hadap). 9. Cloth Simulation (Pascal Volino, Frédéric Cordier). 10. Expressive Speech Animation and Facial Communication (Sumedha Kshirsagar, Arjan Egges, Stéphane Garchery). 11. Behavioral Animation (Jean-Sébastien Monzani, Anthony Guye-Vuilleme, Etienne de Sevin). 12. Body Gesture Recognition and Action Response (Luc Emering, Bruno Herbelin). 13. Interaction with 3-D Objects (Marcello Kallmann). 14. Groups and Crowd Simulation (Soraia Raupp Musse, Branislav Ulicny, Amaury Aubel). 15. Rendering of Skin and Clothes (Neeharika Adabala). 16. Standards for Virtual Humans (Stéphane Garchery, Ronan Boulic, Tolga Capin, Prem Kalra). Appendix A: Damped Least Square Pseudo-Inverse J+A. Appendix B: H-Anim Joint and Segment Topology. Appendix C: Facial Animation Parameter Set . References. Index.

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Book SynopsisCreate powerful, innovative reporting solutions with Excel 2007! With this new book, which is significantly updated from the bestselling Excel 2003 version, author Timothy Zapawa provides you with in-depth coverage of Excel 2007's enhanced reporting capabilities.Table of ContentsAbout the Author. Acknowledgements. Introduction. Part I Report Basics. Chapter 1 Taking a First Look at Excel's Reporting Tools. Chapter 2 Getting Started with PivotTable Reports. Chapter 3 PivotTable Essentials and Components. Part II External Data. Chapter 4 Working with External Data Sources. Chapter 5 Looking at the Get External Data Tab. Chapter 6 Retrieving External Data Using Microsoft Query. Chapter 7 Using the Query Wizard. Chapter 8 Getting Started with Microsoft Query. Chapter 9 Working with SQL in Microsoft Query. Part III PivotTable Reporting. Chapter 10 Designing PivotTable Reports. Chapter 11 PivotTable Report Formatting. Chapter 12 Managing PivotTable Data. Chapter 13 Analyzing Data in a PivotChart. Part IV Spreadsheet Reporting. Chapter 14 Creating and Using Spreadsheet Reports. Chapter 15 Building Report Solutions. Chapter 16 Spreadsheet ReportFormatting. Part V Appendices. Appendix A SQL Reference. Appendix B Pop-Up Menus, Clicking Actions, and Toolbar Functions. Index.

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Book SynopsisCombine the power of Excel 2007, Microsoft Office SharePoint Server, and sound project management tools to boost your skill set and maximize your productivity. You'll walk through a project and learn how to use these powerful tools to schedule jobs, create budgets, manage processes, and share project information. Whether new to project management or a veteran, you'll discover techniques, hints, and examples you can use immediately.Table of ContentsIntroduction. Chapter 1. Establishing Project Management Fundamentals. Chapter 2. Establishing Excel and Office 2007 Share Point Server Fundamentals. Chapter 3. Initiating the Project. Chapter 4. Determining Project Requirements. Chapter 5. Planning and Acquiring Resources. Chapter 6. Assessing and Tracking Risk. Chapter 7. Quality Management. Chapter 8. Constructing the Project Schedule and Budget. Chapter 9. Establishing Change Control Processes. Chapter 10. Controlling Project Outcomes and Archiving Documents. Appendix A. Excel Function Junction. Index.

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Book SynopsisReveal your inner business artist with Visio Turn your ideas into diagrams and drawings with Visio's stencils and templates If you have an idea you want to get down on electronic paper, Visio 2007 is for you, and so is this book! They're both flexible and user-friendly.Table of ContentsIntroduction 1 Part I: Starting with Visio 2007 Basics 7 Chapter 1: Visio 101 9 Chapter 2: Creating and Saving a Simple Visio Drawing 29 Chapter 3: Printing Visio Drawings 69 Part II: Creating Visio Drawings 89 Chapter 4: Discovering What Visio Shapes Are All About 91 Chapter 5: Adding Text to Your Drawings 119 Chapter 6: Connecting Shapes 145 Part III: Taking Your Drawings to the Next Level 167 Chapter 7: Perfecting Your Drawings 169 Chapter 8: Creating and Customizing Shapes 191 Chapter 9: Working with Pages 227 Chapter 10: Layering Your Drawings 249 Part IV: Advancing Your Knowledge of Visio 265 Chapter 11: Creating Stencils, Master Shapes, and Templates 267 Chapter 12: Managing Shape Information, Behavior, and Protection 281 Chapter 13: Marking Up Drawings for Review 313 Chapter 14: Using Visio with Other Programs 329 Part V: The Part of Tens 357 Chapter 15: Ten Common Tasks in Visio 359 Chapter 16: Ten Web Sites Devoted to Visio 365 Index 371

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Book SynopsisThe first book to present a unified account of symbolic data analysis methods in a consistent statistical framework, Symbolic Data Analysis features a substantial number of examples from a range of application areas, including health, the social sciences, economics, and computer science.Trade Review“Primarily aimed at statisticians and Data analysts, SDA is also ideal for scientists…” (Zentralblatt MATH, 2007)Table of Contents1. Introduction. References. 2. Symbolic Data. 2.1 Symbolic and Classical Data. 2.2 Categories, Concepts and Symbolic Objects. 2.3 Comparison of Symbolic and Classical Analysis. 3. Basic Descriptive Statistics: One Variate. 3.1 Some Preliminaries. 3.2 Multi-valued Variables. 3.3 Interval-valued Variables. 3.4 Multi-valued Modal variables. 3.5 Interval-valued Modal Variables. 4. Descriptive Statistics: Two or More Variates. 4.1 Multi-valued Variables. 4.2 Interval-valued Variables. 4.3 Modal Multi-valued Variables. 4.4 Modal Interval-valued Variables. 4.5 Baseball Interval-valued Dataset. 4.6 Measures of Dependence. 5. Principal Component Analysis. 5.1 Vertices Method. 5.2 Centers Method. 5.3 Comparison of the Methods. 6. Regression Analysis. 6.1 Classical Multiple Regression Model. 6.2 Multi-valued Variables. 6.3 Interval-valued Variables. 6.4 Histogram-valued Variables. 6.5 Taxonomy Variables. 6.6 Hierarchical Variables. 7. Cluster Analysis. 7.1 Dissimilarity and Distance Measures. 7.2 Clustering Structures. 7.3 Partitions. 7.4 Hierarchy-Divisive Clustering. 7.5 Hierarchy-Pyramid Clusters. Data Index. Author Index. Subject Index.

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Book SynopsisYou can get there Introduction to Databases Project Manual offers a wealth of easy-to-read, practical, up-to-date activities that reinforce fundamental database design and management concepts. You''ll also learn to develop the core competencies and skills you''ll need in the real world, such as how to: * Install SQL Server 2005 * Read and create an ERD * Design and implement a database * Use DDL and DML commands * Use and monitor transactions * Manage security principles, permissions, and backups * Design data environments * Use replication With five to seven projects per chapter ranging from easy to more advanced, Introduction to Databases Project Manual is ideal for both traditional and online courses that are oriented toward strengthening database management skills. Introduction to Databases Project Manual is an excellent companion to Gillenson''s Introduction to Databases (ISBN: 978-0-470-10186-5Table of Contents1 Introduction to Data and Data Management 1.1 Identifying Business Data 2 1.2 Identifying Human Data Sources 4 1.3 Installing SQL Server 2005 Evaluation Edition 5 1.4 Learning about SQL Server Management Studio 12 1.5 Identifying Key Management Areas 19 2 Introducing Databases and Database Management Systems 2.1 Comparing Database Models 21 2.2 Identifying DBMS Architecture and Components 23 2.3 Reviewing Server Hardware Resources 24 2.4 Investigating SQL Server Databases 32 2.5 Identifying Application Requirements 35 3 Data Modeling 3.1 Understanding Data Modeling Concepts 39 3.2 Recognizing Entities, Attributes, and Identifiers 40 3.3 Recognizing Relationships and Business Rules 42 3.4 Reading an ERD 45 3.5 Creating an ERD 47 3.6 Viewing Basic Database Objects 50 4 Designing a Database 4.1 Understanding Key Concepts 59 4.2 Converting Relationships 60 4.3 Reviewing a Normalized Database 65 4.4 Recognizing Normalization Errors 69 4.5 Normalizing Data 73 5 Implementing a Database 5.1 Understanding Terms and Concepts 78 5.2 Identifying Solution Requirements 79 5.3 Creating a Database 84 5.4 Creating Tables, Part 1 88 5.5 Setting Table Constraints 91 5.6 Creating Tables, Part 2 96 6 Understanding the SQL Language 6.1 Understanding Terms and Concepts 102 6.2 Identifying Help Resources 104 6.3 Comparing Command Environments 111 6.4 Using the SELECT Command 116 6.5 Using DDL Commands 121 6.6 Using DML Commands 126 7 Data Access and Manipulation 7.1 Understanding Data Access 132 7.2 Retrieving Data 133 7.3 Using Advanced Data Retrieval 138 7.4 Using Batches and Scripts 141 7.5 Recognizing and Correcting Syntax Errors 144 8 Improving Data Access 8.1 Understanding Database Monitoring and Optimization 149 8.2 Investigating Resources and Configuration Settings 151 8.3 Monitoring Performance 163 8.4 Recognizing Bottlenecks 172 8.5 Using Indexes and Views 175 8.6 Using Procedures and Functions 179 9 Database Administration 9.1 Understanding Administration 184 9.2 Understanding Roles and Responsibilities 186 9.3 Matching Life Cycle Requirements 188 9.4 Resolving Administration Issues 190 9.5 Managing "As-Needed" and Periodic Tasks 196 10 Transactions and Locking 10.1 Understanding Transactions and Locking 210 10.2 Understanding Transaction Types 212 10.3 Understanding Transaction Isolation and Locking 219 10.4 Using Transactions 226 10.5 Monitoring Transactions and Clearing Blocked Transactions 231 11 Data Access and Security 11.1 Understanding Data Access and Security 236 11.2 Designing for Access and Security 238 11.3 Understanding Your Security Environment 242 11.4 Managing Security Principals 249 11.5 Managing Permissions 255 11.6 Managing Backups 263 12 Supporting Database Applications 12.1 Understanding Data Configurations 267 12.2 Designing Data Environments 269 12.3 Working in a Distributed Environment 277 12.4 Using Distributed Queries 284 12.5 Using Replication 291 12.6 Understanding Data Issues 299

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Book SynopsisDo you want to create a sophisticated Web site that's easy to develop and maintain? Whether you're a beginner or an experienced Web developer, this guide shows you how to utilize Dreamweaver's enhancements to build and manage state-of-the-art, professional Web sites quickly and easily.Table of ContentsIntroduction. Part I: Creating Great Web Sites. Chapter 1: The Many Ways to Design a Web Page. Chapter 2: Opening and Creating Sites in Dreamweaver. Chapter 3: Adding Graphics. Chapter 4: Managing, Testing, and Publishing a Site. Part II: Appreciating Web Design Options. Chapter 5: Cascading Style Sheets. Chapter 6: Creating CSS Layouts. Chapter 7: Coming to the HTML Table. Chapter 8: Framing Your Pages. Chapter 9: Coordinating Your Design Work. Part III: Making It Cool with Multimedia and JavaScript. Chapter 10: Adding Interactivity with Behaviors. Chapter 11: Showing Off with Multimedia. Chapter 12: Forms Follow Function. Part IV: Working with Dynamic Content. Chapter 13: Building a Dynamic Web Site: Getting Started. Chapter 14: Bringing Data into the Mix. Chapter 15: Using Forms to Manage Your Dynamic Web Site. Part V: The Part of Tens. Chapter 16: Ten Resources You May Need. Chapter 17: Ten Timesaving Tips. Chapter 18: Ten Great Web Sites Designed in Dreamweaver. Index.

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Book SynopsisA thorough and self-contained treatment for SAS users preparing for the Base Programming Certification Exam for SAS 9complete with explanations, tips, and practice exam questions SAS 9 Study Guide is designed to help users of SAS 9 become familiar with the fine points of the software as well as develop solid study strategies that will shorten preparation time and ensure successful exam results. The following five study topics are addressed with a focused chapter devoted to each: accessing data; creating data structures; managing data; generating reports; and handling errors. SAS 9 Study Guide provides both a conceptual and practical approach to each of these areas with detailed explanations followed by examples. Each chapter presents concepts, processes, and applications in a clear, step-by-step format along with detailed explanations and examples. Individual chapters also contain: A Two-Minute Drill that provides a checklist of key points for review Table of ContentsContents. Preface. Introduction. I. Accessing Data. 2. Creating Data Structures. 3. Managing Data. 4. Generating Reports. 5. Handling Errors. Index.

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Book SynopsisThis third volume of the best-selling Data Model Resource Book series revolutionizes the data modeling discipline by answering the question How can you save significant time while improving the quality of any type of data modeling effort? In contrast to the first two volumes, this new volume focuses on the fundamental, underlying patterns that affect over 50 percent of most data modeling efforts. These patterns can be used to considerably reduce modeling time and cost, to jump-start data modeling efforts, as standards and guidelines to increase data model consistency and quality, and as an objective source against which an enterprise can evaluate data models. Table of ContentsForeword xxv Chapter 1 Introduction 1 Why Is There a Need for This Book? 1 Extending the Discipline of Data Modeling 4 What Is a Pattern and What Is a Universal Pattern? 5 What Is the Significance of Patterns? 6 Approach of This Book 6 The Different Pattern Levels 7 Who Is the Intended Audience for This Book? 14 What Is in This Book 15 Other Patterns for Data Modeling 17 Conventions and Standards Used in This Book 18 Entities 18 Subtypes and Supertypes 19 Attributes 20 Relationships 22 Relationship Optionality 23 Relationship Cardinality 25 Foreign Key Relationships 26 Associative Entities to Handle Many-to-Many Relationships 26 Exclusive Arcs 27 Example Data in Illustration Tables 28 Data Modeling Notation 29 Summary 33 References 33 Chapter 2 Setting Up Roles: What Parties Do 35 What Is the Significance of This Type of Pattern? 36 What Is in This Chapter? 36 What Is a Declarative Role? 37 Level 1 Declarative Role Pattern 38 Why Do We Need This Pattern? 40 How Does This Pattern Work? 41 When Should This Pattern Be Used? 44 What Are the Weaknesses of the Pattern? 45 Synopsis 46 Level 2 Declarative Role Pattern 47 Why Do We Need This Pattern? 48 How Does This Pattern Work? 48 When Should This Pattern Be Used? 53 What Are the Weaknesses of the Pattern? 54 Synopsis 55 Level 3 Declarative Role Pattern 56 Why Do We Need This Pattern? 56 How Does This Pattern Work? 57 When Should This Pattern Be Used? 63 What Are the Weaknesses of the Pattern? 64 Synopsis 65 Summary of Patterns 65 References 69 Chapter 3 Using Roles: How Parties Are Involved 71 What Is the Significance of This Type of Pattern? 72 What Is in This Chapter? 72 What Is a Contextual Role? 73 Level 1 Contextual Role Pattern, Attributes 74 Why Do We Need This Pattern? 74 How Does This Pattern Work? 76 When Should This Pattern Be Used? 78 What Are the Weaknesses of the Pattern? 79 Synopsis 80 Level 1 Contextual Role Pattern, Relationships 80 Why Do We Need This Pattern? 81 How Does This Pattern Work? 81 When Should This Pattern Be Used? 87 What Are the Weaknesses of the Pattern? 87 Synopsis 88 Level 2 Contextual Role Pattern 88 Why Do We Need This Pattern? 89 How Does This Pattern Work? 89 When Should This Pattern Be Used? 97 What Are the Weaknesses of the Pattern? 98 Synopsis 99 Level 2 Contextual Role Pattern, PARTY Only Alternative 99 Why Do We Need This Pattern? 100 How Does This Pattern Work? 100 When Should This Pattern Be Used? 106 What Are the Weaknesses of the Pattern? 106 Synopsis 107 Level 3 Contextual Role Pattern 107 Why Do We Need This Pattern? 108 How Does This Pattern Work? 108 When Should This Pattern Be Used? 114 What Are the Weaknesses of the Pattern? 115 Synopsis 116 Hybrid Contextual Role Pattern 117 Why Do We Need This Pattern? 117 How Does This Pattern Work? 118 When Should This Pattern Be Used? 123 What Are the Weaknesses of the Pattern? 123 Synopsis 124 Summary of Patterns 124 References 131 Chapter 4 Hierarchies, Aggregations, and Peer-to-Peer Relationships: The Organization of Similar Data 133 What Is the Significance of This Type of Pattern? 133 What Is in This Chapter? 134 What Is a Recursive Relationship and How Is Data Organized by Recursive Relationships? 134 Level 1 Recursive Pattern 138 Why Do We Need This Pattern? 138 How Does This Pattern Work? 139 When Should This Pattern Be Used? 144 What Are the Weaknesses of the Pattern? 145 Synopsis 145 Level 2 Recursive Pattern 146 Why Do We Need This Pattern? 146 How Does This Pattern Work? 147 When Should This Pattern Be Used? 152 What Are the Weaknesses of the Pattern? 153 Synopsis 154 Level 2 Expanded Recursive Pattern 155 Why Do We Need This Pattern? 155 How Does This Pattern Work? 156 When Should This Pattern Be Used? 162 What Are the Weaknesses of the Pattern? 162 Synopsis 163 Level 3 Recursive Pattern 164 Why Do We Need This Pattern? 165 How Does This Pattern Work? 165 When Should This Pattern Be Used? 170 What Are the Weaknesses of the Pattern? 171 Synopsis 172 Level 3 Recursive Pattern with Rules 173 Why Do We Need This Pattern? 173 How Does This Pattern Work? 174 When Should This Pattern Be Used? 179 What Are the Weaknesses of the Pattern? 180 Synopsis 180 Summary of Patterns 180 References 186 Chapter 5 Types and Categories: the Classification of Data 187 What Is the Significance of This Type of Pattern? 187 What Is in This Chapter? 188 What Are Types, Categorizations, and Taxonomies? 189 Level 1 Classification Pattern 190 Why Do We Need This Pattern? 190 How Does This Pattern Work? 190 When Should This Pattern Be Used? 195 What Are the Weaknesses of the Pattern? 196 Synopsis 197 Level 2 Classification Pattern 197 Why Do We Need This Pattern? 197 How Does This Pattern Work? 198 When Should This Pattern Be Used? 205 What Are the Weaknesses of the Pattern? 206 Synopsis 207 Level 3 Classification Pattern 208 Why Do We Need This Pattern? 208 How Does This Pattern Work? 208 When Should This Pattern Be Used? 219 What Are the Weaknesses of the Pattern? 220 Synopsis 221 Level 3 Classification Pattern with Rollups and Schemes 222 Why Do We Need This Pattern? 222 How Does This Pattern Work? 223 When Should This Pattern Be Used? 229 What Are the Weaknesses of the Pattern? 230 Synopsis 230 Summary of Patterns 230 References 235 Chapter 6 Status: The States of Data 237 What Is the Significance of This Type of Pattern? 238 What Is in This Chapter? 239 What Is a Status? 240 Level 1 Status Pattern 244 Why Do We Need This Pattern? 245 How Does This Pattern Work? 246 When Should This Pattern Be Used? 251 What Are the Weaknesses of the Pattern? 253 Synopsis 253 Level 2 Status Pattern, Current Status 254 Why Do We Need This Pattern? 255 How Does This Pattern Work? 255 When Should This Pattern Be Used? 260 What Are the Weaknesses of the Pattern? 260 Synopsis 261 Level 3 Status Pattern 261 Why Do We Need This Pattern? 261 How Does This Pattern Work? 262 When Should This Pattern Be Used? 267 What Are the Weaknesses of the Pattern? 267 Synopsis 268 Level 4 Status Pattern 269 Why Do We Need This Pattern? 269 How Does This Pattern Work? 269 When Should This Pattern Be Used? 277 What Are the Weaknesses of the Pattern? 278 Synopsis 279 Status Category Pattern 280 Why Do We Need This Pattern? 280 How Does This Pattern Work? 280 When Should This Pattern Be Used? 282 What Are the Weaknesses of the Pattern? 285 Synopsis 285 Status Type with Multi Rollup and Rules Pattern 286 Why Do We Need This Pattern? 286 How Does This Pattern Work? 287 When Should This Pattern Be Used? 293 What Are the Weaknesses of the Pattern? 294 Synopsis 294 Summary of Patterns 294 References 301 Chapter 7 Contact Mechanisms: How to Get in Touch 303 What Is the Significance of This Type of Pattern? 303 What Is in This Chapter? 304 What Is a Contact Mechanism? 305 Level 1 Contact Mechanism Pattern 308 Why Do We Need This Pattern? 309 How Does This Pattern Work? 310 When Should This Pattern Be Used? 321 What Are the Weaknesses of the Pattern? 322 Synopsis 323 Level 2 Contact Mechanism Pattern 324 Why Do We Need This Pattern? 325 How Does This Pattern Work? 325 When Should This Pattern Be Used? 342 What Are the Weaknesses of the Pattern? 343 Synopsis 344 Level 3 Contact Mechanism Pattern 345 Why Do We Need This Pattern? 346 How Does This Pattern Work? 346 When Should This Pattern Be Used? 361 What Are the Weaknesses of the Pattern? 361 Synopsis 362 Level 4 Contact Mechanism Pattern 364 Why Do We Need This Pattern? 364 How Does This Pattern Work? 364 When Should This Pattern Be Used? 378 What Are the Weaknesses of the Pattern? 378 Synopsis 379 Contact Mechanism Pattern with Geographic Boundary 380 Why Do We Need This Pattern? 381 How Does This Pattern Work? 384 When Should This Pattern Be Used? 389 What Are the Weaknesses of the Pattern? 390 Synopsis 390 Contact Mechanism with Flexible Address Parts Pattern 391 Why Do We Need This Pattern? 393 How Does This Pattern Work? 394 When Should This Pattern Be Used? 398 What Are the Weaknesses of the Pattern? 398 Synopsis 399 Other Common Contact Mechanism Data 399 Non-Solicitation 400 Instructions 401 Directions 402 Telephone Extensions 402 Synopsis 403 Summary of Patterns 403 References 410 Chapter 8 Business Rules: How Things Should Work 411 What Is the Significance of This Type of Pattern? 411 What Is in This Chapter? 414 What Is a Business Rule? 415 Level 2 Business Rules Pattern 417 Why Do We Need This Pattern? 417 How Does This Pattern Work? 419 When Should This Pattern Be Used? 442 What Are the Weaknesses of the Pattern? 444 Synopsis 444 Level 3 Business Rules Pattern 446 Why Do We Need This Pattern? 446 How Does This Pattern Work? 447 When Should This Pattern Be Used? 460 What Are the Weaknesses of the Pattern? 461 Synopsis 461 Business Rules with Party Roles 462 Why Do We Need This Pattern? 462 How Do These Patterns Work? 463 When Should This Pattern Be Used? 465 What Are the Weaknesses of the Pattern? 465 Synopsis 465 Summary of Patterns 465 References 468 Chapter 9 Using the Patterns 469 What Is in This Chapter? 470 The Scenario 471 Prototype Models, Scope Statements 472 The Scenario for These Models 472 How Do These Models Work? 473 Why Do We Do It This Way? 478 What Are the Strengths of Using Patterns for the Solution? 481 What Are the Weaknesses of Using Patterns for the Solution? 482 Synopsis 483 Application Data Models 483 The Scenario for This Model 484 How Do These Models Work? 484 Why Do We Do It This Way? 488 What Are the Strengths of Using Patterns for the Solution? 490 What Are the Weaknesses of Using Patterns for the Solution? 491 Synopsis 492 Enterprise Data Models 492 The Scenario for This Model 495 How Do These Models Work? 498 Why Do We Do It This Way? 501 What Are the Strengths of Using Patterns for the Solution? 501 What Are the Weaknesses of Using Patterns for the Solution? 502 Synopsis 502 Data Warehouse Models 503 The Scenario for This Model 504 Data Warehouse Data Models — Relational Approach 506 How Do These Models Work? 507 Why Do We Do It This Way? 513 What Are the Strengths of Using Patterns for the Solution? 514 What Are the Weaknesses of Using Patterns for the Solution? 515 Synopsis 515 Data Warehouse/Data Mart Data Models — Star Schemas 516 How Do These Models Work? 516 Why Do We Do It This Way? 527 What Are the Strengths of Using Patterns for the Solution? 528 What Are the Weaknesses of Using Patterns for the Solution? 529 Synopsis 530 Master Data Management 530 The Scenario for This Model 530 How Does This Model Work? 534 Why Do We Do It This Way? 543 What Are the Strengths of Using Patterns for the Solution? 544 What Are the Weaknesses of Using Patterns for the Solution? 545 Synopsis 545 Other Thoughts Regarding Using the Patterns 546 Physical Database Design 546 Other Applications for Patterns 547 Other Considerations When Using Generalized Patterns 547 Summary of Using the Patterns 548 References 552 Chapter 10 Socializing the Patterns 553 What Is the Significance of Socializing the Patterns? 554 What Is in This Chapter? 554 Experiences Using and Socializing These Patterns 555 What Makes the Difference In Socializing the Patterns? 558 Understanding Motivations — Why Would Someone Use or Not Use the Patterns? 559 Creating a Clear, Common, Compelling Purpose and Vision for Using the Patterns 566 Developing Trust so People Can Rely on the Patterns 569 Managing Resistance and/or Conflict Regarding Patterns 573 Other Comments about Socializing the Patterns 580 Patterns May Need to Be Socialized in Many Types of Circumstances 581 What about Upper-Level Management Commitment? 581 What Is the Return on Investment Regarding Using These Patterns? 582 Summary 584 References 585 Index 587

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Book SynopsisNot feeling too peachy about computerizing your accounting system? Relax! Peachtree For Dummies, 3rd Edition will show you how to set up your company in Peachtree and then use it to pay bills, invoice customers, pay employees, produce financial reports, and more. You'll quickly discover how Peachtree can save you time, effort, and money so that you no longer have to do your accounting by hand or pay someone else to do it for you. Publishing to coincide with the latest release of Peachtree, this third edition is revised to cover the newest updates and enhancements made to the most recent version of Peachtree. Veteran authors Elaine Marmel and Diane Koers break down the capabilities of Peachtree Premium Accounting, from building an effective chart of accounts, to customizing forms and modifying reports, to setting up default information that will save you time down the line. You'll also discover how to: Work with purchase orders Sell Table of ContentsIntroduction. Part I: Getting Started. Chapter 1. Mastering Peachtree Basics. Chapter 2. Setting Up Your Company. Chapter 3. Designing the Cart of Accounts. Chapter 4. Setting Up Background Information. Part II: the Daily Drudge. Chapter 5. Buying Goods. Chapter 6. Payment Bills. Chapter 7. Selling Products and Services. Chapter 8. Collecting the Money. Chapter 9. Paid Employees Are Happy Employees. Chapter 10. Billing for Your Time. Chapter 11. Counting Your Stuff. Chapter 12. Tracking Project Costs. Part III: The Fancy Stuff. Chapter 13. Working with Forms. Chapter 14. Making Reports Work for You. Chapter 15. Reviewing the Financial Picture. Chapter 16. When the Bank Statement Arrives. Chapter 17. When Accounting Cycles End and Other Miscellaneous Stuff. Chapter 18. Keeping Your House Safe. Chapter 19. Real-Life Ways to Use Peachtree. Part IV: The Part of Tens. Chapter 20. Ten or So Common Peachtree Messages (And What You Can Do About Them). Chapter 21. ten or So Things You Can Get From the Web. Index.

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Book SynopsisA report is only useful if those who receive it understand what it means. Knowing how to use Crystal Reports gives you the edge in producing reports from your database that really are crystal clear. Crystal Reports 2008 For Dummies is a quick and easy guide to get you going with the latest version of this bestselling report-writing software.Table of ContentsIntroduction 1 About This Book 1 Conventions Used in This Book 1 What You’re Not to Read 2 Foolish Assumptions 2 How This Book Is Organized 3 Part I: Reporting Basics 3 Part II: Moving Up to Professional-Quality Reports 3 Part III: Advanced Report Types and Features 3 Part IV: Crystal Reports in the Enterprise 3 Part V: Publishing Your Reports 4 Part VI: The Part of Tens 4 Icons Used in This Book 4 Where to Go from Here 5 Part I: Reporting Basics 7 Chapter 1: Transforming Raw Data into Meaningful Information 9 Major Features of Crystal Reports 2008 9 Formatting a report 10 Generating barcodes 11 Enhancing a report with formulas and custom functions 11 Getting visual with charts and maps 11 Xcelsius integration 12 Adobe Flash integration 12 Displaying a report 12 Distributing a report 12 Supplying Crystal Reports with data 13 The Lone Edition of Crystal Reports 2008 13 Viewing a Report 13 Reading a printed report 13 Viewing a report with Crystal Reports 14 Viewing a report on a LAN or on the Web 16 Chapter 2: Create a Simple Report Right Now! 17 First Things First: Finding the Sample Database 18 Starting Crystal Reports 2008 18 Creating a Report with the Blank Report Option 20 Allocating more space to the layout 24 Introducing your report 25 Choosing the fields that appear in your report 27 Improving the readability of page headers 29 Previewing the report 30 Page footers carry useful information 32 Wrapping things up with a report footer 34 Recording helpful information about your report 34 Printing a Report 36 Where to Go from Here 36 Chapter 3: Report Design Guidelines 37 Defining an Effective Report Design 37 Defining Your Audience 37 Defining the Report’s Purpose 38 Choosing Content for Your Report 39 Choosing the Report Appearance 39 Making a good first impression 40 Deciding how best to present the information 40 Choosing graphic elements for your report 41 Style communicates meaning, too 41 Making sure your report conveys your message 42 Chapter 4: Starting Your Report 43 Using the Report Creation Wizard 43 Creating a report with the Standard Report Creation Wizard 44 Using other report-creation wizards 49 Starting with a Blank Report 49 Connecting Your Report to Its Data Source 50 Accessing database files directly 51 Connecting to ODBC data sources 51 Retrieving data with SQL 52 Reporting on data in OLE DB data sources 53 Which interface should you use? 53 Part II: Moving Up to Professional-Quality Reports 55 Chapter 5: Pulling Specific Data from a Database 57 Get Data Quickly with Select Expert 57 Using Formulas to Retrieve Data 64 Using Parameter Fields to Retrieve Data at Runtime 66 Step 1: Creating a report that shows everything 67 Step 2: Giving the user the power to decide what to show 70 Speed retrievals with indexes 72 Changing parameter values to change the report 72 Troubleshooting Tips When Retrieving Data 73 Chapter 6: Sorting, Grouping, and Totaling Report Data 75 Sorting Report Data 75 Sorting based on multiple fields 77 Sorting and performance 81 Adding Sort Controls to a Report 82 Grouping Related Items 85 Calculating Percentages 89 Drilling Down for Detail 90 Keeping Track of Things with Running Totals 94 Troubleshooting Sorting, Grouping, and Totaling Problems 97 Sorting problems and how to solve them 98 Unusual grouping options 98 Getting the right totals 99 Chapter 7: Mastering Report Sections 101 Changing the Size of a Section 101 Formatting with the Section Formatting Menu 103 Using Section Expert for Easy Section Formatting 104 Common tab, Section Expert 105 Paging tab, Section Expert 106 Color tab, Section Expert 107 Placing Groups Where You Want Them 110 Starting each group at the top of its own page 110 Printing totals at the bottom of a page 112 Restarting page numbering at the beginning of each group 113 Hiding Details with Summary and Drill-Down Reports 113 Generating Barcodes 114 Creating Mailing Labels 117 Saving Money on Postage with a ZIP Sort 120 Chapter 8: Enhancing Your Report’s Appearance 123 Absolute Formatting 124 Setting the fonts and their formatting for emphasis 124 Adding graphical elements for emphasis 128 Conditional Formatting Using the Format Editor 130 Creating Emphasis with Highlighting Expert 132 Adding Pictures to Your Report 134 Aligning Preprinted Forms 136 Adding Text from a File 136 Formatting Options 137 Special Fields Contain Report Metadata 139 Raising a Red Flag with Report Alerts 139 Using Report Templates to Save Time and Effort 142 Applying a template to a report 143 Applying a template to an existing report 143 Applying a template to a report you’re creating 145 Part III: Advanced Report Types and Features 147 Chapter 9: Displaying Your Top Ten (Or Top N) with Group Sort 149 Sorting Groups Based on Performance 149 Starting a Top N Report 150 Displaying a group total 154 Hiding the details 155 Removing page breaks 157 Going with the Percentages 160 What if you want the top 17 instead of the top 5? 161 A Choice of Group Sorts 164 Troubleshooting Group Sort Problems 165 Chapter 10: Adding Formulas to Reports 167 Formula Overview and Syntax 167 Lessening the Workload with Functions 168 Creating a Custom Function in Formula Workshop 169 Formula Editor 173 Formula Expert 175 SQL Expression Editor 177 Selection formulas 177 Formatting formulas 181 Changing and Deleting Formulas 182 Data Types 182 Simple data types 182 Range data types 184 Array data types 184 Variables in Formulas 185 Declaring a variable 185 Assigning a value to a variable 186 Control Structures 186 If-Then-Else 186 Select Case 187 For loop 187 While Do loop 188 Do While loop 189 Chapter 11: Creating Reports within a Report 191 Combining Unrelated Reports 191 Underlay formatting for side-by-side location of subreport 195 Drilling down in a subreport 196 Linking a Subreport to a Primary Report 197 On-Demand Subreports Boost Efficiency 203 Passing Data between Reports 204 Troubleshooting Subreport Problems 205 Chapter 12: Combining Report Elements with OLE 207 Overview of OLE 207 Static OLE Objects 208 Inserting a static OLE object into a report 208 Making a static OLE object editable 210 Embedded OLE Objects 212 Embedding an OLE object into a report 212 Linked OLE Objects 214 Embedding or Linking an Object Taken from a File 217 Integrating Shockwave Flash Objects into Your Reports 217 Chapter 13: Creating and Updating OLAP Reports 219 What’s OLAP, and Why Might You Need It? 219 Who uses OLAP? 220 Creating multidimensional views 220 Connecting to an OLAP data source 221 OLAP Reporting with Crystal Reports 221 Operating on OLAP grid objects 222 Creating a three-dimensional report 222 Updating an OLAP Report 232 Formatting Data in an OLAP Report 233 Changing a dimension’s background color 234 Creating an alias for a dimension 235 Formatting grid lines 236 Labeling dimensions 237 Changing Data Appearance in an OLAP Report 238 Showing and hiding dimensions 239 Adding totals to an OLAP grid 240 Pivoting an OLAP grid 240 Reordering fields 241 Sorting data 242 Filtering data 243 Making calculations 243 Chapter 14: Using Cross-Tab Reports to Mine Your Data 245 Creating a Cross-Tab Object to Summarize All Report Data 245 Summarizing the Contents of a Group with a Cross-Tab 249 Making Calculations within a Cross-Tab Row or Column 255 Enhancing the Appearance and Readability of a Cross-Tab Object 256 Changing the width and height of cross-tab cells 256 Formatting entire rows and columns 257 Formatting individual fields 257 Suppressing selected cross-tab data 258 Printing cross-tabs that span multiple pages 258 Chapter 15: Enhancing Reports with Charts 259 Using Chart Expert 259 Type tab 260 Data tab 260 Axes tab 261 Options tab 262 Color Highlight tab 263 Text tab 263 Creating a Chart 263 Drilling down from a chart 266 Changing a chart 267 Choosing the Best Chart Type for Your Data 267 Side-by-side bar chart 267 Percent bar chart 268 Line chart 268 Area chart 269 Pie chart 270 Doughnut chart 270 3-D riser chart 271 3-D surface chart 272 XY scatter chart 272 Radar chart 273 Bubble chart 273 Stock chart 274 Numeric axis chart 275 Gauge chart 276 Gantt chart 276 Funnel chart 277 Histogram 278 Different Chart Layouts for Different Data Types 278 Seeing How Chart Placement Affects the Data It Represents 280 Troubleshooting Chart Problems 281 Selecting data to make a chart readable and meaningful 281 The placement of chart elements matters 282 Chapter 16: Adding Geographic Detail with Maps 283 Choosing the Right Crystal Reports Map 283 Map layouts 284 Map types 284 Map placement 286 Creating a Map Step by Step 286 Creating an advanced layout map 286 Creating a Group layout map 288 Creating a Cross-Tab layout map 289 Creating an OLAP layout map 290 Including maps in subreports 291 Changing maps 291 Troubleshooting Map Problems 291 Chapter 17: Interactivity Features 293 Crystal Xcelsius Overview 293 Adding Xcelsius Capability to a Report 294 Creating an SWF file with Crystal Xcelsius 295 Embedding your Crystal Xcelsius model in a Crystal report 298 Enhancing a Report with the Tasteful Use of Flash 300 Viewing Flash visualizations 300 Dynamic interaction with a report using a Parameter panel 300 Part IV: Crystal Reports in the Enterprise 303 Chapter 18: Crystal Reports Server 305 Connecting to Data Sources 306 Connecting directly or indirectly 306 Using Business Views to simplify connectivity 306 Formatting Reports with Crystal Reports Developer 307 Providing Platform Services 307 Publishing and distributing reports 307 Providing security 308 Managing the system 308 Useful Management Tools 309 Application Services 309 Web Services 309 Viewing and Interacting with Reports 310 Chapter 19: BusinessObjects Enterprise Repository 311 Adding Folders to Your Repository 312 Storing Your Valuables in BusinessObjects Enterprise Repository 312 Adding text and bitmapped objects to the Repository 313 Adding custom functions to the Repository 313 Adding SQL commands to the Repository 314 Using Repository Objects in a Report 314 Adding text objects and images 314 Adding custom functions 315 Adding SQL commands 315 Modifying a Repository Object 315 Deciding Whether to Update Reports Automatically 317 Deleting Objects from the Repository 318 Chapter 20: Navigating with Report Parts 319 Understanding Report Parts Navigation 319 Using Report Parts to Navigate a Report 320 Using the Report Parts Drill-down method 321 Using the Another Report Object method 325 Part V: Publishing Your Reports 327 Chapter 21: Sending Your Reports Out into the World 329 Printing Your Report 329 Faxing a Report 330 Exporting a Report 331 Export format types 331 Export destinations 334 Troubleshooting Output Problems 342 Chapter 22: Displaying Reports Online 343 Exporting to a Static HTML Page 344 Adding a Hyperlink to a Report 346 Distributing Reports via crystalreports.com 349 Integrating with salesforce.com 350 Publishing to crystalreports.com with Crystal Reports Desktop Publisher 351 Interactive Report Viewing with Crystal Reports Viewer 354 Opening a report in Crystal Reports Viewer 355 Navigating a report 355 Printing a report 359 E-mailing reports to your friends and co-workers 360 Sharing reports in a variety of formats 360 Searching a haystack for that elusive needle 361 Accessing reports on crystalreports.com 361 Chapter 23: SQL Expression Fields 363 Creating an SQL Statement 363 Modifying an SQL Statement 366 Part VI: The Part of Tens 369 Chapter 24: Ten Things to Do Before You Create a Report 371 Chapter 25: Ten Ways to Give Your Reports More Pizzazz 375 Index 379

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Book SynopsisOffers readers instructions on using the Microsoft Office suite: Word, Excel, PowerPoint, and Entourage. This title also reviews creating, editing, formatting, and sharing digital documents with Word; gathering and analyzing information with Excel; creating dynamic presentations with PowerPoint; and using the e-mail and calendar of Entourage.Table of ContentsAbout the Authors. Preface. Acknowledgments. Part I: Getting to Know Office 2008. Chapter 1: Introducing the New Office. Chapter 2: Installing Office 2008. Chapter 3: Office 2008 Program Basics. Chapter 4: Finding Help with Office 2008. Part II: Working with Word. Chapter 5: Word Basics. Chapter 6: Building Word Documents. Chapter 7: Formatting Word Text. Chapter 8: Adding Tables. Chapter 9: Editing Lengthy Documents. Chapter 10: Collaborating on Documents. Chapter 11: Proofing and Printing Documents. Part III: Using Excel. Chapter 12: Excel Basics. Chapter 13: Entering and Editing Data. Chapter 14: Formatting Data and Worksheets. Chapter 15: Using Formulas and Functions. Chapter 16: Creating Charts. Chapter 17: Using the Excel Database Tools. Chapter 18: Proofing, Printing, and Collaborating in Excel. Part IV: Presenting with PowerPoint. Chapter 19: PowerPoint Basics. Chapter 20: Building Presentations. Chapter 21: Formatting Slides. Chapter 22: Fine-tuning a Presentation. Chapter 23: Preparing and Presenting a Slide Show. Part V: Working with Entourage. Chapter 24: Entourage Basics. Chapter 25: E-mailing with Entourage. Chapter 26: Organizing Your Calendar. Chapter 27: Tracking Tasks, Notes, and Projects. Part VI: Organizing Digital Media with Expression Media. Chapter 28: Introducing Expression Media. Chapter 29: Working with Catalogs. Part VII: Working with Office Graphics and Web Features. Chapter 30: Adding Graphics. Chapter 31: Creating Web Content. Chapter 32: Using Microsoft Messenger. Part VIII: Coordinating and Customizing Your Office. Chapter 33: Coordinating Projects. Chapter 34: Customizing Office. Chapter 35: Working with AppleScript. Index.

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Book SynopsisSugarCRM is an innovative customer relationship management software solution that enhances your company's marketing effectiveness, drives sales performance, improves customer satisfaction, and provides executive insight into business performance.Table of ContentsIntroduction. Part I: Adding Sugar to Your Life. Chapter 1: Adding Sugar to Your Life. Chapter 2: Acquiring a Sweet Tooth. Chapter 3: Finding Your Way Around Sugar. Chapter 4: Working with Accounts, Contacts, and Leads. Part II: Cooking with Sugar. Chapter 5: Keeping Track of the Sweet Things in Life. Chapter 6: Creating a Project Isn’t a Major Project. Chapter 7: Working with Opportunities. Chapter 8: Working with Documents. Chapter 9: Watching Your Sugar Content. Part III: A Spoonful of Sugar Keeps Your Customers Happy. Chapter 10: Adding a Bit of Case Management. Chapter 11: Keeping Bugs Out of the Sugar Bowl. Part IV: Sharing the Sugar Bowl. Chapter 12: Adding Sugar to Your E-mail. Chapter 13: Campaigning Doesn’t Just Occur in an Election Year. Part V: Working with Extra-Strength Sugar. Chapter 14: Sweetening the Deal. Chapter 15: Adding an Extra Lump of Sugar. Chapter 16: The Administrator’s Recipe Book. Part VI: The Part of Tens. Chapter 17: Ten Reasons to Upgrade to the Professional or Enterprise Version. Chapter 18: Ten Ways to Make Your Life Even Sweeter. Chapter 19: Ten Ways to Become a Master Sugar Chef. Index.

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Book SynopsisLearn to measure and manage the real value of IT investment and spending IT investments are becoming more than just business enablers or assets on the books; they provide capability that can drive the business. Thought leadership should migrate towards information investment, getting a bigger bang for the buck from the ''I'' in IT and from the ''I'' in CIO. The IT Value Network: From IT Investment to Stakeholder Economic Value incorporates new emerging decision support methods, such as real options, which are considered to complement traditional financial measures. Organizational and informational economic based techniques are also incorporated to manage and assess IT investments, including the balanced scorecard (BSC), and investment and portfolio management; in addition to coverage of IT key performance indicators and competitive benchmarking. Selected as a top 10 best IT-Business book for 2009 by CIO Insight - Praises for The IT Value Network: From IT InvTable of ContentsForeword. Preface. Acknowledgments. PART I STATUS QUO—WHERE’S THE VALUE? CHAPTER 1 IT Investment. Sticker Shock. Six Decades of IT Investment. IT Investment Trends. IT Investment Classification: The Four "S" Category Model. Future IT Investment. CHAPTER 2 Conventional IT Valuation. Bottom Line. Maximizing Shareholder Value. Conventional Asset Valuation. Challenging Conventional Norms. Lost Value. CHAPTER 3 Banking Value. Financial Services Industry Global IT Investment. North American Banking Industry. North American Banking Market Challenges. Banking Industry IT Value Observations. NA Bank Case: IT Investment Observations. PART II TRIANGULATING THE VALUE—SOMEWHERE HERE. CHAPTER 4 IT Value Network Measurement. Identifying Investment. Justifying Investment. Prioritizing Investment. Selecting Investment. Performance of Investment. Realizing Value from Investment. CHAPTER 5 IT Value Network Measures: Financial-Based Methods. Traditional Financial and Accounting Techniques. Emerging Financial Techniques. Emerging Decision-Support Techniques. Value-Creation Business Case. CHAPTER 6 IT Value Network Measures: Organization-Based Methods. Conventional Planning Techniques. Emerging Organizational Management Techniques. Emerging Information Economics Techniques. CHAPTER 7 Triangulating IT Investment Value. Value Index and Value Lenses. IT Value Portfolio. PART III SIX DEGREES OF IT VALUE—THERE IT IS. CHAPTER 8 IT Value Network Management. Value Capture. Value Enabling. Value Optimization. Value Realization. CHAPTER 9 First Degree of IT Value. Value System. Process and System Improvement. CHAPTER 10 Second Degree of IT Value. Strategic Planning. Portfolio Governance. CHAPTER 11 Third Degree of IT Value. IT Systems and Infrastructure Capability and Capacity. Organization and People Capability and Capacity. CHAPTER 12 Fourth Degree of IT Value. Program and Project Management. System Management. CHAPTER 13 Fifth Degree of IT Value. Service Management. Information Management. CHAPTER 14 Sixth Degree of IT Value. Networked Value Management. PART IV IT VALUE NETWORK CLIENTS—DID IT, GOT IT. CHAPTER 15 NA Bank. Challenge: Strategic IT Investment Alignment. Solution: The IT Value Network. Impact: IT Investment Redirection for Higher Value Capture. CHAPTER 16 Nortel Networks. Challenge: Speed of Market Change. Solution: The IT Value Network. Impact: IT Reorganization and Improved Capability for Value Enabling. CHAPTER 17 Indigo Books & Music. Challenge: Project Management. Solution: The IT Value Network. Impact: Project Management Office for Value Optimization. CHAPTER 18 NA Credit Union. Challenge: Credit Union Merger. Solution: The IT Value Network. Impact: Successful Bank Integration for Value Realization. PART V EMERGING REALITY—DO IT, VALUE IT. CHAPTER 19 Forward Thinking. Value Networks. Value Systems. Value Options. Maximizing Stakeholder Economic Value. CHAPTER 20 Connecting the Dots. IT Value Network Maturity Model. IT Value Network Checklist. Collaboration for Network Advantage. Value IT. Glossary. Notes. About the Author. Index.

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Book SynopsisA great way to get started on this new, FREE, Web-based productivity and collaboration tool Zoho is a very cool-and free-alternative to Microsoft Office. Known as "cloud" computing because it's totally Web-based, Zoho provides 18 different applications to help you write documents, create spreadsheets, send e-mail, and much more.Table of ContentsNotations vii Acronyms ix Introduction xi Chapter 1. Uncertainty Representation Based on Set Theory 1 1.1. Basic set definitions: advantages and weaknesses 3 1.1.1. Interval set 5 1.1.2. Ellipsoidal set 7 1.1.3. Polyhedral set 9 1.1.4. Zonotopic set 12 1.2. Main properties of zonotopes 17 Chapter 2. Several Approaches on Zonotopic Guaranteed Set-Membership Estimation 27 2.1. Context 27 2.2. Problem formulation 32 2.2.1. Singular Value Decomposition-based method 35 2.2.2. Optimization-based methods 40 Chapter 3. Zonotopic Guaranteed State Estimation Based on P-Radius Minimization 49 3.1. Single-Output systems approach 49 3.2. Multi-Output systems approaches 63 3.2.1. General formulation 64 3.2.2. Extensions of the Single-Output systems methodology 67 3.2.3. Dedicated approach for Multi-Output systems 85 Chapter 4. Tube Model Predictive Control Based on Zonotopic Set-Membership Estimation 95 4.1. Context 954.2. Problem formulation 100 4.3. Tube-based output feedback Model Predictive Control design 100 4.4. Application on the magnetic levitation system 112 4.4.1. System description 113 4.4.2. Control problem 116 Conclusion and Perspectives 125 Appendix. Basic Matrix Operation Definitions 129 Bibliography 133 Index 149

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Book SynopsisDan Gookin gets you up to speed so you can get down to work withall the new features of Word 2010! Bestselling and quintessential For Dummies author DanGookin employs his usual fun and friendly candor while walking youthrough the spectrum of new features of Word 2010.Table of ContentsIntroduction 1 Part I: Your Introduction to Word 7 Chapter 1: Hello, Word! 9 Chapter 2: The Typing Chapter 21 Part II: Your Basic Word 31 Chapter 3: To and Fro in a Document 33 Chapter 4: Text Editing 41 Chapter 5: Search for This, Replace It with That 49 Chapter 6: Blocks o’ Text 63 Chapter 7: Spell It Write 77 Chapter 8: Documents and Such 89 Chapter 9: Publish Your Document 103 Part III: Formatting 117 Chapter 10: Character Formatting 119 Chapter 11: Paragraph Formatting 131 Chapter 12: Tab Formatting 145 Chapter 13: Page Formatting 161 Chapter 14: Document Formatting 173 Chapter 15: Word Formatting Styles 185 Chapter 16: Fun with Themes and Template Formatting 199 Chapter 17: Sundry Formatting 209 Part IV: Spruce Up a Dull Document 219 Chapter 18: Lines and Colors 221 Chapter 19: Able Tables 229 Chapter 20: Columns of Text 241 Chapter 21: Lots of Lists 249 Chapter 22: Here Come the Graphics 257 Chapter 23: Even More Things to Insert in Your Document 271 Part V: Even More Word 281 Chapter 24: Multiple Documents, Windows, and File Formats 283 Chapter 25: Word for Writers 291 Chapter 26: Let’s Work This Out 305 Chapter 27: Mail Merge Mania 315 Chapter 28: Labels of Love 331 Chapter 29: A More Custom Word 339 Part VI: The Part of Tens 347 Chapter 30: The Ten Commandments of Word 349 Chapter 31: Ten Cool Tricks 353 Chapter 32: Ten Bizarre Things 361 Chapter 33: Ten Avuncular Suggestions 367 Index 371

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Book SynopsisThe all-in-one reference to all aspects of Microsoft Access 2010 If you want to learn Microsoft Access inside and out, the nine minibooks in this easy-access reference are exactly what you need. Read the book cover to cover, or jump into any of the minibooks for the instruction and topics you need most. Learn how to connect Access to SQL Server, manipulate your data locally, use nifty new features from Office 2010 such as the enhanced Ribbon, create queries and macros like a champ, and much more. From the basics to advanced functions, it's what you need to make Access more accesssible. Shows you how to store, organize, view, analyze, and share data using Microsoft Access 2010, the database application included with Microsoft Office 2010 Includes nine minibooks that cover such topics as database design, tables, queries, forms, reports, macros, database administration, securing data, programming with Visual Basic for Applications (VBA), and using Access wTable of ContentsIntroduction 1 Book I: Essential Concepts 7 Chapter 1: Introducing Access 2010 9 Chapter 2: Getting Started, Getting Around 17 Chapter 3: Designing Your Database the Relational Way 37 Book II: Tables for Storing Your Data 65 Chapter 1: Creating and Modifying Tables 67 Chapter 2: Refining Your Table in Design View 103 Chapter 3: Sorting, Finding, and Filtering Data in a Datasheet 121 Chapter 4: Importing and Exporting Data 137 Chapter 5: Avoiding “Garbage In, Garbage Out” 161 Chapter 6: Relating Your Tables and Protecting Your Data 179 Book III: Queries (or Getting Information from Your Data) 189 Chapter 1: Creating Select Queries 191 Chapter 2: Letting Queries Do the Math 223 Chapter 3: Doing Neat Things with Action Queries and Query Wizards 257 Chapter 4: Viewing Your Data from All Angles Using Crosstabs and PivotTables 279 Book IV: Forms for Editing Data 303 Chapter 1: Designing and Using Forms (and Reports) 305 Chapter 2: Jazzing Up Your Forms (and Reports) 329 Chapter 3: Creating Smarter Forms 353 Chapter 4: Doing Calculations in Forms and Subforms (and Reports) 377 Book V: Reporting in Words and Pictures 397 Chapter 1: Creating and Spiffing Up Reports 399 Chapter 2: Printing Beautiful Reports 427 Chapter 3: Creating Charts and Graphs from Your Data 445 Book VI: Automation with Macros 471 Chapter 1: Making Macros Do the Work 473 Chapter 2: Making Macros Smarter 491 Book VII: Database Administration 509 Chapter 1: Database Housekeeping 511 Chapter 2: Sharing the Fun: Managing Multiuser Access 521 Chapter 3: Securing Your Access Database 535 Book VIII: Programming in VBA 547 Chapter 1: What the Heck Is VBA? 549 Chapter 2: Writing Code 569 Chapter 3: Writing Smarter Code 593 Chapter 4: Controlling Forms with VBA 617 Chapter 5: Using SQL and Recordsets 641 Chapter 6: Debugging Your Code 653 Book IX: Going Beyond Access 663 Chapter 1: Automation with Other Office Programs 665 Chapter 2: Using Access as a Front-End to SQL Server 681 Chapter 3: Using Access with SharePoint 697 Appendix: Installing Microsoft Access 719 Index 725

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Book SynopsisThe ultimate handbook for Excel analysts who need reporting solutions using Access Excel and Access are intended to work together. This book offers a comprehensive review of the extensive analytical and reporting functionality that Access provides and how it enhances Excel reporting functions. Sales managers, operations analysts, administrative assistants, office managers, and many others who rely heavily on data can benefit from learning to integrate Excel and Access, and this book shows you how. Coverage includes: Data Analysis in Access & the Basics of Access Beyond Select Queries Transforming Your Data with Access Working with Calculations and Dates Performing Conditional Analysis Adding Dimension with Subqueries and Domain Aggregate Functions Running Descriptive Statistics in Access Scheduling and Running Batch Analysis Leveraging VBA to Enhance Data Analysis<Table of ContentsIntroduction xxix Part I Fundamentals of Data Analysis in Access 1 Chapter 1 The Case for Data Analysis in Access 3 Chapter 2 Access Basics 13 Chapter 3 Beyond Select Queries 47 Part II Basic Analysis Techniques 87 Chapter 4 Transforming Your Data with Access 89 Chapter 5 Working with Calculations and Dates 113 Chapter 6 Performing Conditional Analysis 141 Part III Advanced Analysis Techniques 161 Chapter 7 Adding Dimension with Subqueries and Domain Aggregate Functions 163 Chapter 8 Running Descriptive Statistics in Access 189 Chapter 9 Scheduling and Running Batch Analysis 209 Chapter 10 Leveraging VBA to Enhance Data Analysis 243 Part IV Reports, Dashboards, and Visualization in Access 267 Chapter 11 Presenting Data with Access Reports 269 Chapter 12 Using Pivot Tables and Pivot Charts in Access 291 Chapter 13 Enhancing Queries and Reports with Visualizations 323 Part V Advanced Excel and Access Integration Techniques 345 Chapter 14 Getting Access Data into Excel 347 Chapter 15 Using VBA to Move Data between Excel and Access 365 Chapter 16 Exploring Excel and Access Automation 389 Chapter 17 Integrating Excel and Access with XML 423 Chapter 18 Integrating Excel and Other Office Applications 441 Part VI Appendixes 475 Appendix A Access VBA Fundamentals 477 Appendix B Understanding and Using SQL 489 Appendix C Query Performance, Database Corruption, and Other Thoughts 509 Appendix D Data Analyst’s Function Reference 521 Index 563

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Book SynopsisGet up to speed on the latest features and enhancements to InDesign CS5 As the industry standard in professional layout and design, InDesign delivers powerful publishing solutions for magazine, newspaper, and other publishing fields.Table of ContentsIntroduction 1 Part I: Before You Begin 7 Chapter 1: Understanding InDesign Ingredients 9 Chapter 2: Making InDesign Work Your Way 33 Part II: Document Essentials 47 Chapter 3: Opening and Saving Your Work 49 Chapter 4: Discovering How Pages and Layers Work 59 Chapter 5: The Joys of Reuse 85 Chapter 6: Working with Color 99 Part III: Object Essentials 117 Chapter 7: Adding Essential Elements 119 Chapter 8: Manipulating Objects 137 Chapter 9: Organizing Objects 157 Chapter 10: Aligning and Arranging Objects 173 Part IV: Text Essentials 197 Chapter 11: Putting Words on the Page 199 Chapter 12: The Ins and Outs of Text Editing 219 Chapter 13: The Styles of Text 237 Chapter 14: Fine-Tuning Paragraph Details 247 Chapter 15: Finessing Character Details 263 Part V: Graphics Essentials 277 Chapter 16: Importing Graphics 279 Chapter 17: Fitting Graphics and Setting Paths 291 Part VI: Getting Down to Business 301 Chapter 18: Working with Tabs and Tables 303 Chapter 19: Working with Footnotes, Indexes, and TOCs 315 Chapter 20: Working with Automatic Text 327 Chapter 21: Publishing Books 337 Part VII: Printing, Presentation, and Web Essentials 345 Chapter 22: Printing and PDF’ing Your Work 347 Chapter 23: Web Project Basics 371 Chapter 24: Presentation Project Basics 383 Part VIII: The Part of Tens 405 Chapter 25: Top Ten New Features in InDesign CS5 407 Chapter 26: Top Ten Resources for InDesign Users 411 Index 415

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Book SynopsisProgrammers, scientists, and engineers are always in need of newer techniques and algorithms to manipulate and interpret images. Algorithms for Image Processing and Computer Vision is an accessible collection of algorithms for common image processing applications that simplifies complicated mathematical calculations.Table of ContentsPreface xxi Chapter 1 Practical Aspects of a Vision System — Image Display, Input/Output, and Library Calls 1 OpenCV 2 The Basic OpenCV Code 2 The IplImage Data Structure 3 Reading and Writing Images 6 Image Display 7 An Example 7 Image Capture 10 Interfacing with the AIPCV Library 14 Website Files 18 References 18 Chapter 2 Edge-Detection Techniques 21 The Purpose of Edge Detection 21 Traditional Approaches and Theory 23 Models of Edges 24 Noise 26 Derivative Operators 30 Template-Based Edge Detection 36 Edge Models: The Marr-Hildreth Edge Detector 39 The Canny Edge Detector 42 The Shen-Castan (ISEF) Edge Detector 48 A Comparison of Two Optimal Edge Detectors 51 Color Edges 53 Source Code for the Marr-Hildreth Edge Detector 58 Source Code for the Canny Edge Detector 62 Source Code for the Shen-Castan Edge Detector 70 Website Files 80 References 82 Chapter 3 Digital Morphology 85 Morphology Defined 85 Connectedness 86 Elements of Digital Morphology — Binary Operations 87 Binary Dilation 88 Implementing Binary Dilation 92 Binary Erosion 94 Implementation of Binary Erosion 100 Opening and Closing 101 MAX — A High-Level Programming Language for Morphology 107 The ‘‘Hit-and-Miss’’ Transform 113 Identifying Region Boundaries 116 Conditional Dilation 116 Counting Regions 119 Grey-Level Morphology 121 Opening and Closing 123 Smoothing 126 Gradient 128 Segmentation of Textures 129 Size Distribution of Objects 130 Color Morphology 131 Website Files 132 References 135 Chapter 4 Grey-Level Segmentation 137 Basics of Grey-Level Segmentation 137 Using Edge Pixels 139 Iterative Selection 140 The Method of Grey-Level Histograms 141 Using Entropy 142 Fuzzy Sets 146 Minimum Error Thresholding 148 Sample Results From Single Threshold Selection 149 The Use of Regional Thresholds 151 Chow and Kaneko 152 Modeling Illumination Using Edges 156 Implementation and Results 159 Comparisons 160 Relaxation Methods 161 Moving Averages 167 Cluster-Based Thresholds 170 Multiple Thresholds 171 Website Files 172 References 173 Chapter 5 Texture and Color 177 Texture and Segmentation 177 A Simple Analysis of Texture in Grey-Level Images 179 Grey-Level Co-Occurrence 182 Maximum Probability 185 Moments 185 Contrast 185 Homogeneity 185 Entropy 186 Results from the GLCM Descriptors 186 Speeding Up the Texture Operators 186 Edges and Texture 188 Energy and Texture 191 Surfaces and Texture 193 Vector Dispersion 193 Surface Curvature 195 Fractal Dimension 198 Color Segmentation 201 Color Textures 205 Website Files 205 References 206 Chapter 6 Thinning 209 What Is a Skeleton? 209 The Medial Axis Transform 210 Iterative Morphological Methods 212 The Use of Contours 221 Choi/Lam/Siu Algorithm 224 Treating the Object as a Polygon 226 Triangulation Methods 227 Force-Based Thinning 228 Definitions 229 Use of a Force Field 230 Subpixel Skeletons 234 Source Code for Zhang-Suen/Stentiford/Holt Combined Algorithm 235 Website Files 246 References 247 Chapter 7 Image Restoration 251 Image Degradations — The Real World 251 The Frequency Domain 253 The Fourier Transform 254 The Fast Fourier Transform 256 The Inverse Fourier Transform 260 Two-Dimensional Fourier Transforms 260 Fourier Transforms in OpenCV 262 Creating Artificial Blur 264 The Inverse Filter 270 The Wiener Filter 271 Structured Noise 273 Motion Blur — A Special Case 276 The Homomorphic Filter — Illumination 277 Frequency Filters in General 278 Isolating Illumination Effects 280 Website Files 281 References 283 Chapter 8 Classification 285 Objects, Patterns, and Statistics 285 Features and Regions 288 Training and Testing 292 Variation: In-Class and Out-Class 295 Minimum Distance Classifiers 299 Distance Metrics 300 Distances Between Features 302 Cross Validation 304 Support Vector Machines 306 Multiple Classifiers — Ensembles 309 Merging Multiple Methods 309 Merging Type 1 Responses 310 Evaluation 311 Converting Between Response Types 312 Merging Type 2 Responses 313 Merging Type 3 Responses 315 Bagging and Boosting 315 Bagging 315 Boosting 316 Website Files 317 References 318 Chapter 9 Symbol Recognition 321 The Problem 321 OCR on Simple Perfect Images 322 OCR on Scanned Images — Segmentation 326 Noise 327 Isolating Individual Glyphs 329 Matching Templates 333 Statistical Recognition 337 OCR on Fax Images — Printed Characters 339 Orientation — Skew Detection 340 The Use of Edges 345 Handprinted Characters 348 Properties of the Character Outline 349 Convex Deficiencies 353 Vector Templates 357 Neural Nets 363 A Simple Neural Net 364 A Backpropagation Net for Digit Recognition 368 The Use of Multiple Classifiers 372 Merging Multiple Methods 372 Results From the Multiple Classifier 375 Printed Music Recognition — A Study 375 Staff Lines 376 Segmentation 378 Music Symbol Recognition 381 Source Code for Neural Net Recognition System 383 Website Files 390 References 392 Chapter 10 Content-Based Search — Finding Images by Example 395 Searching Images 395 Maintaining Collections of Images 396 Features for Query by Example 399 Color Image Features 399 Mean Color 400 Color Quad Tree 400 Hue and Intensity Histograms 401 Comparing Histograms 402 Requantization 403 Results from Simple Color Features 404 Other Color-Based Methods 407 Grey-Level Image Features 408 Grey Histograms 409 Grey Sigma — Moments 409 Edge Density — Boundaries Between Objects 409 Edge Direction 410 Boolean Edge Density 410 Spatial Considerations 411 Overall Regions 411 Rectangular Regions 412 Angular Regions 412 Circular Regions 414 Hybrid Regions 414 Test of Spatial Sampling 414 Additional Considerations 417 Texture 418 Objects, Contours, Boundaries 418 Data Sets 418 Website Files 419 References 420 Systems 424 Chapter 11 High-Performance Computing for Vision and Image Processing 425 Paradigms for Multiple-Processor Computation 426 Shared Memory 426 Message Passing 427 Execution Timing 427 Using clock() 428 Using QueryPerformanceCounter 430 The Message-Passing Interface System 432 Installing MPI 432 Using MPI 433 Inter-Process Communication 434 Running MPI Programs 436 Real Image Computations 437 Using a Computer Network — Cluster Computing 440 A Shared Memory System — Using the PC Graphics Processor 444 GLSL 444 OpenGL Fundamentals 445 Practical Textures in OpenGL 448 Shader Programming Basics 451 Vertex and Fragment Shaders 452 Required GLSL Initializations 453 Reading and Converting the Image 454 Passing Parameters to Shader Programs 456 Putting It All Together 457 Speedup Using the GPU 459 Developing and Testing Shader Code 459 Finding the Needed Software 460 Website Files 461 References 461 Index 465

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Book SynopsisThe purpose of large--scale software architecture is to capture and describe practical representations to make development teams more effective. In this book the authors show how to utilise software architecture as a tool to guide the development instead of capturing the architectural details after all the design decisions have been made.Trade Review“…a welcome addition…recommended…” (CVU, June 04)Table of ContentsPreface. Acknowledgements. Introduction. Roles of the Software Architect. Software Architecture and the Development Process. Example System Overview. UML Quick Tour. System Context and Domain Analysis. Component Design and Modeling. Subsystem Design. Transaction and Data Design. Process and Deployment Design. Architecture Techniques. Applying the Viewpoints. Summary of Architectural Viewpoints. Bibliography.

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Book SynopsisSoftware documentation forms the basis for all communication relating to a software project. To be truly effective and usable, it should be based on what needs to be known. Agile Documentation provides sound advice on how to produce lean and lightweight software documentation.Trade Review??many (Test Documents) would benefit from this treatment?? (Professional Tester, October 03) "...applicable to documentation for any project...highly recommended..." (CVu, Vol 16(4), August 2004)Table of ContentsForeword ix Preface xi Acknowledgements xvii Introduction 1 Project Background 11 1 Finding the Right Topics 19 Target Readers 24 Focused Information 26 Individual Documentation Requirements 28 Documentation Portfolio 30 Focus on Long-Term Relevance 34 Specification as a Joint Effort 36 Design Rationale 39 The Big Picture 40 Separation of Description and Evaluation 42 Realistic Examples 44 Experience Reports 46 2 Structuring Individual Documents 61 Structured information 66 Judicious Diagrams 70 Unambiguous Tables 73 Guidelines for Readers 75 Thumbnail Sketches 77 Traceable References 78 Glossary 79 Document History 81 Experience Reports 82 3 Layout and Typography 93 Text on 50% of a Page 98 Two Alphabets per Line 100 120% Line Spacing 102 Two Typefaces 104 Careful Use of Type Variations 106 Careful Ruling and Shading 108 Adjacent Placement 109 Coherent Pages 111 Experience Reports 112 4 Infrastructure and Technical Organisation 117 Document Landscape 120 Document Archive 123 Wiki 125 Code-Comment Proximity 126 Reader-Friendly Media 128 Separation of Contents and Layout 131 Single Source and Multiple Targets 133 Import by Reference 136 Separation of Processing and Printing 138 Document Templates 139 Few Tools 142 Annotated Changes 144 Notification upon Update 145 Reorganisation upon Request 147 Experience Reports 149 5 Management and Quality Assurance 159 A Distinct Activity 161 One Responsible Author 164 Continuing Documentation 166 Writing and Reflection 168 Review Culture 170 Review Before Delivery 174 Customer Review 175 A Distant View 177 Information Marketplace 179 Knowledge Management 180 Experience Reports 182 Final Remarks 193 Pattern Thumbnails 197 Finding the Right Topics 197 Structuring Individual Documents 198 Layout and Typography 200 Infrastructure and Technical Organisation 201 Management and Quality Assurance 203 Glossary 205 References 211 Index 221

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Book SynopsisThe field of data mining lies at the confluence of predictive analytics, statistical analysis, and business intelligence. Due to the ever-increasing complexity and size of data sets and the wide range of applications in computer science, business, and health care, the process of discovering knowledge in data is more relevant than ever before. This book provides the tools needed to thrive in today's big data world. The author demonstrates how to leverage a company's existing databases to increase profits and market share, and carefully explains the most current data science methods and techniques. The reader will learn data mining by doing data mining. By adding chapters on data modelling preparation, imputation of missing data, and multivariate statistical analysis, Discovering Knowledge in Data, Second Edition remains the eminent reference on data mining. The second edition of a highly praised, successful reference on data mining, with thorougTable of ContentsPreface xi Chapter 1 An Introduction to Data Mining 1 1.1 What is Data Mining? 1 1.2 Wanted: Data Miners 2 1.3 The Need for Human Direction of Data Mining 3 1.4 The Cross-Industry Standard Practice for Data Mining 4 1.4.1 Crisp-DM: The Six Phases 5 1.5 Fallacies of Data Mining 6 1.6 What Tasks Can Data Mining Accomplish? 8 1.6.1 Description 8 1.6.2 Estimation 8 1.6.3 Prediction 10 1.6.4 Classification 10 1.6.5 Clustering 12 1.6.6 Association 14 References 14 Exercises 15 Chapter 2 Data Preprocessing 16 2.1 Why do We Need to Preprocess the Data? 17 2.2 Data Cleaning 17 2.3 Handling Missing Data 19 2.4 Identifying Misclassifications 22 2.5 Graphical Methods for Identifying Outliers 22 2.6 Measures of Center and Spread 23 2.7 Data Transformation 26 2.8 Min-Max Normalization 26 2.9 Z-Score Standardization 27 2.10 Decimal Scaling 28 2.11 Transformations to Achieve Normality 28 2.12 Numerical Methods for Identifying Outliers 35 2.13 Flag Variables 36 2.14 Transforming Categorical Variables into Numerical Variables 37 2.15 Binning Numerical Variables 38 2.16 Reclassifying Categorical Variables 39 2.17 Adding an Index Field 39 2.18 Removing Variables that are Not Useful 39 2.19 Variables that Should Probably Not Be Removed 40 2.20 Removal of Duplicate Records 41 2.21 A Word About ID Fields 41 The R Zone 42 References 48 Exercises 48 Hands-On Analysis 50 Chapter 3 Exploratory Data Analysis 51 3.1 Hypothesis Testing Versus Exploratory Data Analysis 51 3.2 Getting to Know the Data Set 52 3.3 Exploring Categorical Variables 55 3.4 Exploring Numeric Variables 62 3.5 Exploring Multivariate Relationships 69 3.6 Selecting Interesting Subsets of the Data for Further Investigation 71 3.7 Using EDA to Uncover Anomalous Fields 71 3.8 Binning Based on Predictive Value 72 3.9 Deriving New Variables: Flag Variables 74 3.10 Deriving New Variables: Numerical Variables 77 3.11 Using EDA to Investigate Correlated Predictor Variables 77 3.12 Summary 80 The R Zone 82 Reference 88 Exercises 88 Hands-On Analysis 89 Chapter 4 Univariate Statistical Analysis 91 4.1 Data Mining Tasks in Discovering Knowledge in Data 91 4.2 Statistical Approaches to Estimation and Prediction 92 4.3 Statistical Inference 93 4.4 How Confident are We in Our Estimates? 94 4.5 Confidence Interval Estimation of the Mean 95 4.6 How to Reduce the Margin of Error 97 4.7 Confidence Interval Estimation of the Proportion 98 4.8 Hypothesis Testing for the Mean 99 4.9 Assessing the Strength of Evidence Against the Null Hypothesis 101 4.10 Using Confidence Intervals to Perform Hypothesis Tests 102 4.11 Hypothesis Testing for the Proportion 104 The R Zone 105 Reference 106 Exercises 106 Chapter 5 Multivariate Statistics 109 5.1 Two-Sample t-Test for Difference in Means 110 5.2 Two-Sample Z-Test for Difference in Proportions 111 5.3 Test for Homogeneity of Proportions 112 5.4 Chi-Square Test for Goodness of Fit of Multinomial Data 114 5.5 Analysis of Variance 115 5.6 Regression Analysis 118 5.7 Hypothesis Testing in Regression 122 5.8 Measuring the Quality of a Regression Model 123 5.9 Dangers of Extrapolation 123 5.10 Confidence Intervals for the Mean Value of y Given x 125 5.11 Prediction Intervals for a Randomly Chosen Value of y Given x 125 5.12 Multiple Regression 126 5.13 Verifying Model Assumptions 127 The R Zone 131 Reference 135 Exercises 135 Hands-On Analysis 136 Chapter 6 Preparing to Model the Data 138 6.1 Supervised Versus Unsupervised Methods 138 6.2 Statistical Methodology and Data Mining Methodology 139 6.3 Cross-Validation 139 6.4 Overfitting 141 6.5 BIAS–Variance Trade-Off 142 6.6 Balancing the Training Data Set 144 6.7 Establishing Baseline Performance 145 The R Zone 146 Reference 147 Exercises 147 Chapter 7 K-Nearest Neighbor Algorithm 149 7.1 Classification Task 149 7.2 k-Nearest Neighbor Algorithm 150 7.3 Distance Function 153 7.4 Combination Function 156 7.4.1 Simple Unweighted Voting 156 7.4.2 Weighted Voting 156 7.5 Quantifying Attribute Relevance: Stretching the Axes 158 7.6 Database Considerations 158 7.7 k-Nearest Neighbor Algorithm for Estimation and Prediction 159 7.8 Choosing k 160 7.9 Application of k-Nearest Neighbor Algorithm Using IBM/SPSS Modeler 160 The R Zone 162 Exercises 163 Hands-On Analysis 164 Chapter 8 Decision Trees 165 8.1 What is a Decision Tree? 165 8.2 Requirements for Using Decision Trees 167 8.3 Classification and Regression Trees 168 8.4 C4.5 Algorithm 174 8.5 Decision Rules 179 8.6 Comparison of the C5.0 and Cart Algorithms Applied to Real Data 180 The R Zone 183 References 184 Exercises 185 Hands-On Analysis 185 Chapter 9 Neural Networks 187 9.1 Input and Output Encoding 188 9.2 Neural Networks for Estimation and Prediction 190 9.3 Simple Example of a Neural Network 191 9.4 Sigmoid Activation Function 193 9.5 Back-Propagation 194 9.5.1 Gradient Descent Method 194 9.5.2 Back-Propagation Rules 195 9.5.3 Example of Back-Propagation 196 9.6 Termination Criteria 198 9.7 Learning Rate 198 9.8 Momentum Term 199 9.9 Sensitivity Analysis 201 9.10 Application of Neural Network Modeling 202 The R Zone 204 References 207 Exercises 207 Hands-On Analysis 207 Chapter 10 Hierarchical and K-Means Clustering 209 10.1 The Clustering Task 209 10.2 Hierarchical Clustering Methods 212 10.3 Single-Linkage Clustering 213 10.4 Complete-Linkage Clustering 214 10.5 k-Means Clustering 215 10.6 Example of k-Means Clustering at Work 216 10.7 Behavior of MSB, MSE, and PSEUDO-F as the k-Means Algorithm Proceeds 219 10.8 Application of k-Means Clustering Using SAS Enterprise Miner 220 10.9 Using Cluster Membership to Predict Churn 223 The R Zone 224 References 226 Exercises 226 Hands-On Analysis 226 Chapter 11 Kohonen Networks 228 11.1 Self-Organizing Maps 228 11.2 Kohonen Networks 230 11.2.1 Kohonen Networks Algorithm 231 11.3 Example of a Kohonen Network Study 231 11.4 Cluster Validity 235 11.5 Application of Clustering Using Kohonen Networks 235 11.6 Interpreting the Clusters 237 11.6.1 Cluster Profiles 240 11.7 Using Cluster Membership as Input to Downstream Data Mining Models 242 The R Zone 243 References 245 Exercises 245 Hands-On Analysis 245 Chapter 12 Association Rules 247 12.1 Affinity Analysis and Market Basket Analysis 247 12.1.1 Data Representation for Market Basket Analysis 248 12.2 Support, Confidence, Frequent Itemsets, and the a Priori Property 249 12.3 How Does the a Priori Algorithm Work? 251 12.3.1 Generating Frequent Itemsets 251 12.3.2 Generating Association Rules 253 12.4 Extension from Flag Data to General Categorical Data 255 12.5 Information-Theoretic Approach: Generalized Rule Induction Method 256 12.5.1 J-Measure 257 12.6 Association Rules are Easy to do Badly 258 12.7 How Can We Measure the Usefulness of Association Rules? 259 12.8 Do Association Rules Represent Supervised or Unsupervised Learning? 260 12.9 Local Patterns Versus Global Models 261 The R Zone 262 References 263 Exercises 263 Hands-On Analysis 264 Chapter 13 Imputation of Missing Data 266 13.1 Need for Imputation of Missing Data 266 13.2 Imputation of Missing Data: Continuous Variables 267 13.3 Standard Error of the Imputation 270 13.4 Imputation of Missing Data: Categorical Variables 271 13.5 Handling Patterns in Missingness 272 The R Zone 273 Reference 276 Exercises 276 Hands-On Analysis 276 Chapter 14 Model Evaluation Techniques 277 14.1 Model Evaluation Techniques for the Description Task 278 14.2 Model Evaluation Techniques for the Estimation and Prediction Tasks 278 14.3 Model Evaluation Techniques for the Classification Task 280 14.4 Error Rate, False Positives, and False Negatives 280 14.5 Sensitivity and Specificity 283 14.6 Misclassification Cost Adjustment to Reflect Real-World Concerns 284 14.7 Decision Cost/Benefit Analysis 285 14.8 Lift Charts and Gains Charts 286 14.9 Interweaving Model Evaluation with Model Building 289 14.10 Confluence of Results: Applying a Suite of Models 290 The R Zone 291 Reference 291 Exercises 291 Hands-On Analysis 291 Appendix: Data Summarization and Visualization 294 Index 309

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Book Synopsis? C++ is one of the best languages for the development of financial engineering and instrument pricing applications. ? This book applies C++ to the design and implementation of classes, libraries and latest applications for option and derivative pricing models.Table of ContentsCHAPTER 1 A Tour of C++ and Environs 1 1.1 Introduction and Objectives 1 1.2 What is C++? 1 1.3 C++ as a Multiparadigm Programming Language 2 1.4 The Structure and Contents of this Book: Overview 4 1.5 A Tour of C++11: Black–Scholes and Environs 6 1.6 Parallel Programming in C++ and Parallel C++ Libraries 12 1.7 Writing C++ Applications; Where and How to Start? 14 1.8 For whom is this Book Intended? 16 1.9 Next-Generation Design and Design Patterns in C++ 16 1.10 Some Useful Guidelines and Developer Folklore 17 1.11 About the Author 18 1.12 The Source Code and Getting the Source Code 19 CHAPTER 2 New and Improved C++ Fundamentals 21 2.1 Introduction and Objectives 21 2.2 The C++ Smart Pointers 21 2.3 Using Smart Pointers in Code 23 2.4 Extended Examples of Smart Pointers Usage 30 2.5 Move Semantics and Rvalue References 34 2.6 Other Bits and Pieces: Usability Enhancements 39 2.7 Summary and Conclusions 52 2.8 Exercises and Projects 52 CHAPTER 3 Modelling Functions in C++ 59 3.1 Introduction and Objectives 59 3.2 Analysing and Classifying Functions 60 3.3 New Functionality in C++: std::function<> 64 3.4 New Functionality in C++: Lambda Functions and Lambda Expressions 65 3.5 Callable Objects 69 3.6 Function Adapters and Binders 70 3.7 Application Areas 75 3.8 An Example: Strategy Pattern New Style 75 3.9 Migrating from Traditional Object-Oriented Solutions: Numerical Quadrature 78 3.10 Summary and Conclusions 81 3.11 Exercises and Projects 82 CHAPTER 4 Advanced C++ Template Programming 89 4.1 Introduction and Objectives 89 4.2 Preliminaries 91 4.3 decltype Specifier 94 4.4 Life Before and After decltype 101 4.5 std::result_of and SFINAE 106 4.6 std::enable_if 108 4.7 Boost enable_if 112 4.8 std::decay()Trait 114 4.9 A Small Application: Quantities and Units 115 4.10 Conclusions and Summary 118 4.11 Exercises and Projects 118 CHAPTER 5 Tuples in C++ and their Applications 123 5.1 Introduction and Objectives 123 5.2 An std:pair Refresher and New Extensions 123 5.3 Mathematical and Computer Science Background 128 5.4 Tuple Fundamentals and Simple Examples 130 5.5 Advanced Tuples 130 5.6 Using Tuples in Code 133 5.7 Other Related Libraries 138 5.8 Tuples and Run-Time Efficiency 140 5.9 Advantages and Applications of Tuples 142 5.10 Summary and Conclusions 143 5.11 Exercises and Projects 143 CHAPTER 6 Type Traits, Advanced Lambdas and Multiparadigm Design in C++ 147 6.1 Introduction and Objectives 147 6.2 Some Building Blocks 149 6.3 C++ Type Traits 150 6.4 Initial Examples of Type Traits 158 6.5 Generic Lambdas 161 6.6 How Useful will Generic Lambda Functions be in the Future? 164 6.7 Generalised Lambda Capture 171 6.7.1 Living Without Generalised Lambda Capture 173 6.8 Application to Stochastic Differential Equations 174 6.9 Emerging Multiparadigm Design Patterns: Summary 178 6.10 Summary and Conclusions 179 6.11 Exercises and Projects 179 CHAPTER 7 Multiparadigm Design in C++ 185 7.1 Introduction and Objectives 185 7.2 Modelling and Design 185 7.3 Low-Level C++ Design of Classes 190 7.4 Shades of Polymorphism 199 7.5 Is there More to Life than Inheritance? 206 7.6 An Introduction to Object-Oriented Software Metrics 207 7.7 Summary and Conclusions 210 7.8 Exercises and Projects 210 CHAPTER 8 C++ Numerics, IEEE 754 and Boost C++ Multiprecision 215 8.1 Introduction and Objectives 215 8.2 Floating-Point Decomposition Functions in C++ 219 8.3 A Tour of std::numeric_limits 221 8.4 An Introduction to Error Analysis 223 8.5 Example: Numerical Quadrature 224 8.6 Other Useful Mathematical Functions in C++ 228 8.7 Creating C++ Libraries 231 8.8 Summary and Conclusions 239 8.9 Exercises and Projects 239 CHAPTER 9 An Introduction to Unified Software Design 245 9.1 Introduction and Objectives 245 9.1.1 Future Predictions and Expectations 246 9.2 Background 247 9.3 System Scoping and Initial Decomposition 251 9.4 Checklist and Looking Back 259 9.5 Variants of the Software Process: Policy-Based Design 260 9.6 Using Policy-Based Design for the DVM Problem 268 9.7 Advantages of Uniform Design Approach 273 9.8 Summary and Conclusions 274 9.9 Exercises and Projects 275 CHAPTER 10 New Data Types, Containers and Algorithms in C++ and Boost C++ Libraries 283 10.1 Introduction and Objectives 283 10.2 Overview of New Features 283 10.3 C++ std::bitset and Boost Dynamic Bitset Library 284 10.4 Chrono Library 288 10.5 Boost Date and Time 301 10.6 Forwards Lists and Compile-Time Arrays 306 10.7 Applications of Boost.Array 311 10.8 Boost uBLAS (Matrix Library) 313 10.9 Vectors 316 10.10 Matrices 318 10.11 Applying uBLAS: Solving Linear Systems of Equations 322 10.12 Summary and Conclusions 330 10.13 Exercises and Projects 331 CHAPTER 11 Lattice Models Fundamental Data Structures and Algorithms 333 11.1 Introduction and Objectives 333 11.2 Background and Current Approaches to Lattice Modelling 334 11.3 New Requirements and Use Cases 335 11.4 A New Design Approach: A Layered Approach 335 11.5 Initial ‘101’ Examples of Option Pricing 347 11.6 Advantages of Software Layering 349 11.7 Improving Efficiency and Reliability 352 11.8 Merging Lattices 355 11.9 Summary and Conclusions 357 11.10 Exercises and Projects 357 CHAPTER 12 Lattice Models Applications to Computational Finance 367 12.1 Introduction and Objectives 367 12.2 Stress Testing the Lattice Data Structures 368 12.3 Option Pricing Using Bernoulli Paths 372 12.4 Binomial Model for Assets with Dividends 374 12.5 Computing Option Sensitivities 377 12.6 (Quick) Numerical Analysis of the Binomial Method 379 12.7 Richardson Extrapolation with Binomial Lattices 382 12.8 Two-Dimensional Binomial Method 382 12.9 Trinomial Model of the Asset Price 384 12.10 Stability and Convergence of the Trinomial Method 385 12.11 Explicit Finite Difference Method 386 12.12 Summary and Conclusions 389 12.13 Exercises and Projects 389 CHAPTER 13 Numerical Linear Algebra: Tridiagonal Systems and Applications 395 13.1 Introduction and Objectives 395 13.2 Solving Tridiagonal Matrix Systems 395 13.3 The Crank-Nicolson and Theta Methods 406 13.4 The ADE Method for the Impatient 411 13.5 Cubic Spline Interpolation 415 13.6 Some Handy Utilities 427 13.7 Summary and Conclusions 428 13.8 Exercises and Projects 429 CHAPTER 14 Data Visualisation in Excel 433 14.1 Introduction and Objectives 433 14.2 The Structure of Excel-Related Objects 433 14.3 Sanity Check: Is the Excel Infrastructure Up and Running? 435 14.4 ExcelDriver and Matrices 437 14.5 ExcelDriver and Vectors 444 14.6 Path Generation for Stochastic Differential Equations 448 14.7 Summary and Conclusions 459 14.8 Exercises and Projects 459 14.9 Appendix: COM Architecture Overview 463 14.10 An Example 468 14.11 Virtual Function Tables 471 14.12 Differences between COM and Object-Oriented Paradigm 473 14.13 Initialising the COM Library 474 CHAPTER 15 Univariate Statistical Distributions 475 15.1 Introduction, Goals and Objectives 475 15.2 The Error Function and Its Universality 475 15.3 One-Factor Plain Options 478 15.4 Option Sensitivities and Surfaces 488 15.5 Automating Data Generation 491 15.6 Introduction to Statistical Distributions and Functions 499 15.7 Advanced Distributions 504 15.8 Summary and Conclusions 511 15.9 Exercises and Projects 511 CHAPTER 16 Bivariate Statistical Distributions and Two-Asset Option Pricing 515 16.1 Introduction and Objectives 515 16.2 Computing Integrals Using PDEs 516 16.3 The Drezner Algorithm 521 16.4 The Genz Algorithm and the West/Quantlib Implementations 521 16.5 Abramowitz and Stegun Approximation 525 16.6 Performance Testing 528 16.7 Gauss–Legendre Integration 529 16.8 Applications to Two-Asset Pricing 531 16.9 Trivariate Normal Distribution 536 16.10 Chooser Options 543 16.11 Conclusions and Summary 545 16.12 Exercises and Projects 546 CHAPTER 17 STL Algorithms in Detail 551 17.1 Introduction and Objectives 551 17.2 Binders and std::bind 554 17.3 Non-modifying Algorithms 557 17.4 Modifying Algorithms 567 17.5 Compile-Time Arrays 575 17.6 Summary and Conclusions 576 17.7 Exercises and Projects 576 17.8 Appendix: Review of STL Containers and Complexity Analysis 583 CHAPTER 18 STL Algorithms Part II 589 18.1 Introduction and Objectives 589 18.2 Mutating Algorithms 589 18.3 Numeric Algorithms 597 18.4 Sorting Algorithms 601 18.5 Sorted-Range Algorithms 604 18.5.5 Merging 608 18.6 Auxiliary Iterator Functions 609 18.7 Needle in a Haystack: Finding the Right STL Algorithm 612 18.8 Applications to Computational Finance 613 18.9 Advantages of STL Algorithms 613 18.10 Summary and Conclusions 614 18.11 Exercises and Projects 614 CHAPTER 19 An Introduction to Optimisation and the Solution of Nonlinear Equations 617 19.1 Introduction and Objectives 617 19.2 Mathematical and Numerical Background 618 19.3 Sequential Search Methods 619 19.4 Solutions of Nonlinear Equations 620 19.5 Fixed-Point Iteration 622 19.6 Aitken’s Acceleration Process 623 19.7 Software Framework 623 19.8 Implied Volatility 632 19.9 Solvers in the Boost C++ Libraries 632 19.10 Summary and Conclusions 633 19.11 Exercises and Projects 633 19.12 Appendix: The Banach Fixed-Point Theorem 636 CHAPTER 20 The Finite Difference Method for PDEs: Mathematical Background 641 20.1 Introduction and Objectives 641 20.2 General Convection–Diffusion–Reaction Equations and Black–Scholes PDE 641 20.3 PDE Preprocessing 64520.3.2 Reduction of PDE to Conservative Form 646 20.4 Maximum Principles for Parabolic PDEs 649 20.5 The Fichera Theory 650 20.6 Finite Difference Schemes: Properties and Requirements 654 20.7 Example: A Linear Two-Point Boundary Value Problem 655 20.8 Exponentially Fitted Schemes for Time-Dependent PDEs 659 20.9 Richardson Extrapolation 663 20.10 Summary and Conclusions 665 20.11 Exercises and Projects 666 CHAPTER 21 Software Framework for One-Factor Option Models 669 21.1 Introduction and Objectives 669 21.2 A Software Framework: Architecture and Context 669 21.3 Modelling PDEs and Finite Difference Schemes: What is Supported? 670 21.4 Several Versions of Alternating Direction Explicit 671 21.5 A Software Framework: Detailed Design and Implementation 673 21.6 C++ Code for PDE Classes 674 21.7 C++ Code for FDM Classes 679 21.8 Examples and Test Cases 690 21.9 Summary and Conclusions 693 21.10 Exercises and Projects 694 CHAPTER 22 Extending the Software Framework 701 22.1 Introduction and Objectives 701 22.2 Spline Interpolation of Option Values 701 22.3 Numerical Differentiation Foundations 704 22.4 Numerical Greeks 710 22.5 Constant Elasticity of Variance Model 715 22.6 Using Software Design (GOF) Patterns 715 22.7 Multiparadigm Design Patterns 720 22.8 Summary and Conclusions 721 22.9 Exercises and Projects 721 CHAPTER 23A PDE Software Framework in C++11 for a Class of Path-Dependent Options 727 23.1 Introduction and Objectives 727 23.2 Modelling PDEs and Initial Boundary Value Problems in the Functional Programming Style 728 23.3 PDE Preprocessing 731 23.4 The Anchoring PDE 732 23.5 ADE for Anchoring PDE 739 23.6 Useful Utilities 746 23.7 Accuracy and Performance 748 23.8 Summary and Conclusions 750 23.9 Exercises and Projects 751 CHAPTER 24 Ordinary Differential Equations and their Numerical Approximation 755 24.1 Introduction and Objectives 755 24.2 What is an ODE? 755 24.3 Classifying ODEs 756 24.4 A Palette of Model ODEs 757 24.5 Existence and Uniqueness Results 760 24.6 Overview of Numerical Methods for ODEs: The Big Picture 763 24.7 Creating ODE Solvers in C++ 770 24.8 Summary and Conclusions 776 24.9 Exercises and Projects 776 24.10 Appendix 778 CHAPTER 25 Advanced Ordinary Differential Equations and Method of Lines 781 25.1 Introduction and Objectives 781 25.2 An Introduction to the Boost Odeint Library 782 25.3 Systems of Stiff and Non-stiff Equations 791 25.4 Matrix Differential Equations 796 25.5 The Method of Lines: What is it and what are its Advantages? 799 25.6 Initial Foray in Computational Finance: MOL for One-Factor Black-Scholes PDE 801 25.7 Barrier Options 806 25.8 Using Exponential Fitting of Barrier Options 808 25.9 Summary and Conclusions 808 25.10 Exercises and Projects 809 CHAPTER 26 Random Number Generation and Distributions 819 26.1 Introduction and Objectives 819 26.2 What is a Random Number Generator? 820 26.3 What is a Distribution? 821 26.4 Some Initial Examples 825 26.5 Engines in Detail 827 26.6 Distributions in C++: The List 830 26.7 Back to the Future: C-Style Pseudo-Random Number Generation 831 26.8 Cryptographic Generators 833 26.9 Matrix Decomposition Methods 833 26.10 Generating Random Numbers 845 26.11 Summary and Conclusions 848 26.12 Exercises and Projects 849 CHAPTER 27 Microsoft .Net, C# and C++11 Interoperability 853 27.1 Introduction and Objectives 853 27.2 The Big Picture 854 27.3 Types 858 27.4 Memory Management 859 27.5 An Introduction to Native Classes 861 27.6 Interfaces and Abstract Classes 861 27.7 Use Case: C++/CLI as ‘Main Language’ 862 27.8 Use Case: Creating Proxies, Adapters and Wrappers for Legacy C++ Applications 864 27.8.1 Alternative: SWIG (Simplified Wrapper and Interface Generator) 871 27.9 ‘Back to the Future’ Use Case: Calling C# Code from C++11 872 27.10 Modelling Event-Driven Applications with Delegates 876 27.11 Use Case: Interfacing with Legacy Code 886 27.12 Assemblies and Namespaces for C++/CLI 889 27.13 Summary and Conclusions 895 27.14 Exercises and Projects 896 CHAPTER 28 C++ Concurrency, Part I Threads 899 28.1 Introduction and Objectives 899 28.2 Thread Fundamentals 900 28.3 Six Ways to Create a Thread 903 28.4 Intermezzo: Parallelising the Binomial Method 909 28.5 Atomics 916 28.6 Smart Pointers and the Thread-Safe Pointer Interface 924 28.7 Thread Synchronisation 926 28.8 When should we use Threads? 929 28.9 Summary and Conclusions 929 28.10 Exercises and Projects 930 CHAPTER 29 C++ Concurrency, Part II Tasks 935 29.1 Introduction and Objectives 935 29.2 Finding Concurrency: Motivation 936 29.3 Tasks and Task Decomposition 937 29.4 Futures and Promises 941 29.5 Shared Futures 945 29.6 Waiting on Tasks to Complete 948 29.7 Continuations and Futures in Boost 950 29.8 Pure Functions 952 29.9 Tasks versus Threads 953 29.10 Parallel Design Patterns 953 29.11 Summary and Conclusions 955 29.12 Quizzes, Exercises and Projects 955 CHAPTER 30 Parallel Patterns Language (PPL) 961 30.1 Introduction and Objectives 961 30.2 Parallel Algorithms 962 30.3 Partitioning Work 967 30.4 The Aggregation/Reduction Pattern in PPL 971 30.5 Concurrent Containers 977 30.6 An Introduction to the Asynchronous Agents Library and Event-Based Systems 978 30.7 A Design Plan to Implement a Framework Using Message Passing and Other Approaches 986 30.8 Summary and Conclusions 989 30.9 Exercises and Projects 990 CHAPTER 31 Monte Carlo Simulation, Part I 993 31.1 Introduction and Objectives 993 31.2 The Boost Parameters Library for the Impatient 995 31.3 Monte Carlo Version 1: The Monolith Program (‘Ball of Mud’) 1000 31.4 Policy-Based Design: Dynamic Polymorphism 1003 31.5 Policy-Based Design Approach: CRTP and Static Polymorphism 1011 31.6 Builders and their Subcontractors (Factory Method Pattern) 1013 31.7 Practical Issue: Structuring the Project Directory and File Contents 1014 31.8 Summary and Conclusions 1016 31.9 Exercises and Projects 1017 CHAPTER 32 Monte Carlo Simulation, Part II 1023 32.1 Introduction and Objectives 1023 32.2 Parallel Processing and Monte Carlo Simulation 1023 32.3 A Family of Predictor–Corrector Schemes 1033 32.4 An Example (CEV Model) 1038 32.5 Implementing the Monte Carlo Method Using the Asynchronous Agents Library 1041 32.6 Summary and Conclusions 1047 32.7 Exercises and Projects 1050 Appendix 1: Multiple-Precision Arithmetic 1053 Appendix 2: Computing Implied Volatility 1075 References 1109 Index 1117

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