Atomic and molecular physics Books

Book SynopsisA comprehensive, in-depth presentation of theoretical underpinnings and mathematical techniques This is the first book of its kind to combine all the theories of molecular reaction dynamics and chemical kinetics in a single source.Table of ContentsIntroduction to Molecular Dynamics and Chemical Kinetics Interaction Potentials. Relative Motion. Collisional Approach. Partition Functions. Transition State Theory. Generalized Transition State Theory. Theory for Unimolecular Reactions. Classical Dynamics. Nonadiabatic Transitions. Surface Kinetics. Chemical Reactions in Solution. Energetic Aspects of Solvent Effects on Solutes. Models for Chemical Reactions in Solution. Kramers' Theory. The Classical Model of Electron Transfer Reactions in Solution. Appendices. Index. Advanced Molecular Dynamics and Chemical Kinetics Second Quantization. Effective Hamiltonian Approaches. Semiclassical Theories. Wavepacket Propagation. Potential Energy Surfaces. The Reaction Path Method. Variational Transition State Theory. Quantum Theory for Rate Constants. Statistical and Phase Space Methods. Photodissociation. Density Operators. Evolution of a Total System. Nonequilibrium Solvation. Molecular Properties of Solvated Molecules. Magnetic Properties of Solvated Molecules. Quantum Model for Electron Transfer. Electron Transfer Coupling Elements. Electron Transfer Reactions Coupled to a Quantum Mechanical Radiation Field. Proton Transfer Reactions in Solution. Appendices. Bibliography. Index.

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Book SynopsisA thorough exploration of the atomic structures and properties ofthe essential engineering interfaces--an invaluable resourcefor students, teachers, and professionals The most up-to-date, accessible guide to solid-vapor,solid-liquid, and solid-solid phase transformations, thisinnovative book contains the only unified treatment of these threecentral engineering interfaces. Employing a simple nearest-neighborbroken-bond model, Interfaces in Materials focuses on metal alloysin a straightforward approach that can be easily extended to alltypes of interfaces and materials. Enhanced with nearly 300illustrations, along with extensive references and suggestions forfurther reading, this book provides: * A simple, cohesive approach to understanding the atomicstructure and properties of interfaces formed between solid,liquid, and vapor phases * Self-contained discussions of each interface--allowingseparate study of each phase transformation * A comparative look at the differeTable of ContentsINTRODUCTORY MATERIAL. Atomic Bonding. Regular Solution (Quasi-Chemical) Model. SOLID-VAPOR INTERFACES. Surface Energy. Surface Structure. Crystal Growth from the Vapor. Thermodynamics of Multicomponent Systems and SurfaceSegregation. Surface Films. SOLID-LIQUID INTERFACES. Liquids. Interfacial Structure and Energy. Crystal Growth from the Liquid. Solute Partitioning and Morphological Stability. SOLID-SOLID INTERFACES. Introduction to Solid-Solid Interfaces. Structure and Energy of Homophase Interfaces. Structure and Energy of Heterophase Interfaces. Growth of Solid-Solid Heterophase Interfaces. Morphological Stability and Segregation. References and Additional Reading. Appendices. Index.

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Book SynopsisIt is difficult to imagine how our highly evolved technological society would function, or how life would even exist on our planet, if polymers did not exist. The intensive study of polymeric systems, which has been under way for several decades, has recently yielded new insights into the properties of assemblies of these complex molecules and the physical principles that govern their behavior. These developments have included new concepts to describe aspects of the many body behavior in these systems, microscopic analyses that bring our understanding of these systems much closer to our understanding of simple liquids and solids, and the discovery of novel chemistry that these molecules can catalyze. This special topic volume of Advances in Chemical Physics surveys a number of these recent accomplishments. Supplemented with more than 250 illustrations, it provides a significant, up-to-date selection of papers by inter-nationally recognized researchers. Topics include:Table of ContentsTheory of Polyelectrolyte Solutions (J.-L. Barrat & J.-F. Joanny). Star Polymers: Experiment, Theory, and Simulation (G. Grest, et al.). Tethered Polymer Layers (I. Szleifer & M. Carignano). Living Polymers (S. Greer). Transport and Kinetics in Electroactive Polymers (M. Lyons). Polymers in Disordered Media (A. Baumgärtner & M. Muthukumar). Indexes.

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Book SynopsisMolecular spectroscopy refers to a variety of related analytical techniques used to provide a wide range of chemical information including the identification of materials, the monitoring of chemical reactions, and the determination of molecular structure.Table of ContentsBasic Spectroscopic Theory. Applied Spectroscopy. General Troubleshooting. Review Columns.

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Book SynopsisThis book will serve as an introduction to the potential of the laser in atomic spectroscopy. The book focuses primarily on the use of lasers in analytical atomic spectroscopy with optical detection, and also includes a chapter describing the use of lasers in inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).Table of ContentsAnalytical Atomic Spectroscopy/ Historical/ General Characteristics of Atomic Spectra/ Atomic Absorption Spectrometry/ Recent Advances in AAS/ Atomic Emission Spectrometry/ Recent Advances in Atomic Emission Spectrometry/ Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry/ The Practice of Atomic Spectroscopy/ Techniques Similar to Atomic Spectroscopy/ Lasers/ Fundamentals of Lasers/ Practical Lasers/ Laser Excited Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry: Principles, Instrumentation and Applications/ Laser Ablation for Sample Introduction: Principles and Applications/ Laser Types Suitable for Ablation of Solid Samples/ Interactions and Transactions in Laser Ablation/ Laser Ablation-Atomic Emission Spectrometry and Laser Ablation/ Inductively coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry/ Laser Ablation-Atomic Mass Spectrometry and Laser Ablation/ Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Mass Spectrometry/ Laser Induced Plasmas for Analytical Atomic Spectroscopy/ Laser Induced Plasma/ Laser Induced Breakdown Spectrometry (LIBS)/ Applications/ Laser-Enhanced ionization Spectroscopy

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Book SynopsisThis guide to two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy helps the novice who want e the technique, but needs a path through the bewildering array of metho acronyms and the mathematical rigor found in most books. The authors provide a clear explanation of experiment performance, param lection, data processing and presentation as well as a description of wh rmation is provided by each experiment and how it is extracted and inter They group presentations of two-dimensional NMR experiments according t zation, e.g. COSY, LRCOSY, ZQCOSY, DQCOSY ... for establishing proton-pr nnectivities. The book also presents spectra of the same model compound using various ues to enable the reader to make direct comparisons and facilitate his e nt selection. Examples of the concerted utilization of various two-dimen NMR experiments to solve complex structural problems are also given.Table of ContentsIntroduction and Practical Considerations of Two-Dimensional NMR Spectroscopy. Heteronuclear Chemical shift Correlation. Relayed Coherence Transfer and Related 2D-NMR Experiments. 13_C-13_C Double Coherence 2D-NMR. The Inadequate Experiments. Applications Problems. Solutions to Problems. Index.

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Book SynopsisIn Monte Carlo Methods in Chemical Physics: An Introduction to the Monte Carlo Method for Particle Simulations J. Ilja Siepmann Random Number Generators for Parallel Applications Ashok Srinivasan, David M. Ceperley and Michael Mascagni Between Classical and Quantum Monte Carlo Methods: Variational QMC Dario Bressanini and Peter J. Reynolds Monte Carlo Eigenvalue Methods in Quantum Mechanics and Statistical Mechanics M. P. Nightingale and C.J. Umrigar Adaptive Path-Integral Monte Carlo Methods for Accurate Computation of Molecular Thermodynamic Properties Robert Q. Topper Monte Carlo Sampling for Classical Trajectory Simulations Gilles H. Peslherbe Haobin Wang and William L. Hase Monte Carlo Approaches to the Protein Folding Problem Jeffrey Skolnick and Andrzej Kolinski Entropy Sampling Monte Carlo for Polypeptides and Proteins Harold A. Scheraga and Minh-Hong Hao Macrostate Dissection of Thermodynamic Monte Carlo Integrals Bruce W. Church, Alex Ulitsky, and David Shalloway Simulated AnTable of ContentsAn Introduction to the Monte Carlo Method for Particle Simulations (J. Siepmann). Random Number Generators for Parallel Applications (A. Srinivasan, et al.). Between Classical and Quantum Monte Carlo Methods: "Variational" QMC (D. Bressanini & P. Reynolds). Monte Carlo Eigenvalue Methods in Quantum Mechanics and Statistical Methods (M. Nightingale & C. Umrigar). Adaptive Path-Integral Monte Carlo Methods for Accurate Computation of Molecular Thermodynamic Properties (R. Topper). Monte Carlo Sampling for Classical Trajectory Simulations (G. Peslherbe, et al.). Monte Carlo Approaches to the Protein Folding Problem (J. Skolnick & A. Kolinski). Entropy Sampling Monte Carlo for Polypeptides and Proteins (H. Scheraga & M. Hao). Macrostate Dissection of Thermodynamic Monte Carlo Integrals (B. Church, et al.). Simulated Annealing-Optimal Histogram Methods (D. Ferguson & D. Garrett). Monte Carlo Methods for Polymeric Systems (J. de Pablo & F. Escobedo). Thermodynamic-Scaling Methods in Monte Carlo and Their Application to Phase Equilibria (J. Valleau). Semigrand Canonical Monte Carlo Simulation: Integration Along Coexistence Lines (D. Kofke). Monte Carlo Methods for Simulating Phase Equilibria of Complex Fluids (J. Siepmann). Reactive Canonical Monte Carlo (J. Johnson). New Monte Carlo Algorithms for Classical Spin Systems (G. Barkema & M. Newman). Indexes.

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Book SynopsisThis volume in the prestigious Advances in Chemical Physics series, edited by Nobel Prize-winner Ilya Prigogine and renowned authority Stuart A. Rice, provides general information about a wide variety of topics in chemical physics. Experts present comprehensive analyses of subjects of interest and encourage the expression of individual points of view. This approach to presenting an overview of a subject will both stimulate new research and serve as a personalized learning text for beginners in the field.Table of ContentsMolecular Vibration and Nonlinear Optics (D. Bishop). Local Mode Vibrations in Polyatomic Molecules (L. Halonen). Wideband Measurement and Analysis Techniques for the Determinationof the Frequency- Dependent, Complex Susceptibility of MagneticFluids (P. Fannin). Indexes.

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Book SynopsisThis series provides the chemical physics community with a forum for critical, authoritative evaluations of advances in every area of the discipline. Volume 111 continues to report recent advances with significant, up-to-date chapters by internationally-recognized researchers.Table of ContentsHydrogen Bonds with Large Proton Polarizability and Proton TransferProcesses in Electrochemistry and Biology (G. Zundel). Phase Space Approach to Dissipative Molecular Dynamics (D. Kohen& D. Tannor). Microscopic Theories of the Rheology of Stable ColloidalDispersions (R. Lionberger & W. Russel). The Rational g Factor of Diatomic Molecules in State ?1Sigma?+ or0?+ (J. Ogilvie, et al.). A Comparative Study Electron- and Positron-Polyatomic MoleculeScattering (M. Kimura, et al.). Indexes.

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Book SynopsisThis is the 112th volume in a series which is devoted to helping the reader obtain general information about a wide variety of topics in chemical physics. It provides the chemical physics field with a forum for critical, authoritative evaluations in every area of the discipline.Table of ContentsOn the Statics and Dynamics of Magnetoanisotropic Nanoparticles 1By J. L. Garcia-Palacios Relaxation times for Single-Domain Ferromagnetic Particles 211By E. E. C. Kennedy One-Dimensional Using Model for Spin Systems of Finite size 337By Andrzej R. Altenberger and John S. Dahler Quantum Electrodynamics of Resonance Energy Transfer 357By Gediminas Juzeliūmas and David L. Andrews Author Index 411 Subject Index 419

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Book SynopsisThe application of mathematical models to molecules has now reached maturity. Scientists as diverse as astrophysicists, biologists, chemists, materials scientists and zoologists can reach for their PC, Mac or laptop to model molecular phenomena of unbelievable complexity. Following the highly successful first edition of Modelling Molecular Structures, this newly updated edition is your guide through the myriad of applications for molecular modelling. This easy-to-read, highly illustrated text covers all areas of molecular modelling, including molecular dynamics, quantum mechanics, and the Hartree-Fock self-consistent field model, providing background information and critically discussing the latest techniques in the field. Covering developments in the field since the first publication, this title also includes updated text and new material on: * Molecular Dynamics * Dealing with the Solvent This title is an indispensable introduction for all chemists, materials scieTrade Review"this excellent handbook should be on the desk of all interested in the use of computational methods in chemistry..." --Applied Organometallic Chemistry, March 2001Table of ContentsSeries Preface Preface to the First Edition Preface to the Second Edition Prerequisites Molecular Mechanics Dynamics The Hydrogen Molecule Ion The Hydrogen Molecule The Electron Density The Hartree-Fock Model The Hückel Model Neglect of Differential Overlap Models Basis Sets Ab Initio Packages Electron Correlation Slater's X Model Density Functional Therory Potential Energy Surfaces Dealing with the Solvent Primary Properties and their Derivatives Induced Properties Miscellany References Index

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Book SynopsisState-of-the-art tools and applicationsfor food safety and food science research Atomic spectroscopy and mass spectrometry are important tools for identifying and quantifying trace elements in food products-elements that may be potentially beneficial or potentially toxic. The Determination of Chemical Elements in Food: Applications for Atomic and Mass Spectrometry teaches the reader how to use these advanced technologies for food analysis. With chapters written by internationally renowned scientists, it provides a detailed overview of progress in the field and the latest innovations in instrumentation and techniques, covering: Fundamentals and method development, selected applications, and speciation analysis Applications of atomic absorption spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry Applications to foods of animal origin and applications to foods of vegetable Table of ContentsPreface. Contributors. SECTION 1: FUNDAMENTALS AND METHOD DEVELOPMENT. 1. Improvement in Pretreatment and Analysis with Spectrometric Methods: A Typical Application to Routine Analysis.(K. Boutakhrit, F. Bolle, J.M. Degroodt, and L. Goeyens) 2. Solubilization: Trends of Development in Analytical Atomic Spectrometry for Elemental Food Analysis. (Henryk Matusiewicz) 3. Chemical Elements in Food and the Role of Atomic and Mass Spectrometry. Advantages and Drawbacks of the Determination of Selected Trace Elements in Foodstuffs by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. (Lars Jorhem and Joakim Engman) 4. High-Resolution Continuum Source AAs and its Application to Food Analysis. (Bernhard Welz, Daniel L. G. Borges, and Uwe Heitmann) 5. Determining the Geographical Origin of Foods: Considerations when Designing Experimental Protocols and Choosing Analytical Approaches. (John Lewis and Simon Hird) 6. Methods Validation for Food Analysis: Concepts and Use of Statistical Techniques. (Joris Van Loco) 7. Demonstration of Measurement Capabilities by Means of Interlaboratory Comparison Schemes for Trace Element Analysis in Food. (Yetunde Aregbe, Piotr Robouch, and Thomas Prohaska) SECTION 2: SELECTED APPLICATIONS. 8. Applications of Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry to Trace Element research and Control. (Francesco Cubadda) 9. Danish Monitoring System for Foods 1998-2003. Content of As, Cd, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Se and Dietary Inake by Children and Adults. (Erik H. Larsen, Inge Rokkjar, and Tue Christensen) 10. Trace Elements in the Total Diet Typical of Northern Italy. (M. Bettinelli, S. Spezia, A. Gatti, A. Ronchi, C. Minoia, C. Roggi, and G. Turconi) 11. Car Catalytic Converters and the Contamination of Food by Platinum-Group Elements. (Chiara Frazzoli, Roberta Cammarone, and Sergio Caroli) 12. Arsenic and Other Potentially Toxic Trace Elements in Rice. (Chiara Frazzoli, Marilena D'Amato, Sergio Caroli, and Gyula Zaray) 13. Total Analysis and Distribution of Trace Elements in Human, Cow, and Formula Milk. (Rafael R. de la Flor St. Remy, Maria Luisa Fernandez Sanchez, and Alfredo Sanz-Medel) 14. Use of Spectrochemical Methods for the Determination of Metals in Fish and Other Seafood in Louisiana. (Joseph Sneddon) 15. Essential and Potentially Toxic Chemical Elements in Beverages. (Patricia Smichowksi and Daniel A. Batistoni) SECTION 3: SPECIATION ANALYSIS. 16. Species-Specific Determination of Metal(loid)-containing Food Additive sand Contaminants by Chromatography with ICP-MS Detection. (A. Polatajko, B. Bouyssiere, and J.Szpunar) 17. Elemental Speciation in Human Milk and Substitute Food for Newborns. (bernahrd Michalke, Maria Luisa Fernancez Sanchez, and Alfredo Sanz-Medel) 18. Measurement of Total Arsenic and Arsenic Species in Seafood By Q ICP-MS. (William A. Maher, Jason Kiry, and Frank Krikowa) 19. Sample Preparation Prior to As- and Se-Speciation. (Mihaly Dernovics and Peter Fodor) 20. Measurement of Total Se and Se Species in Seafood by Quadrupole Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry, Electrothermal Atomization Atomic Absorption Spectrometry, and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. (William A. Maher and Frank Kirkowa) 21. Application of ICP-MS for the Evaluation of Se Species in Food Related Products and in Dietary Supplements. (Katarzyna Wrobel, Kaximierz Wrobel, and Joseph A. Caruso) 22. Determination of Hg Species in Seafood. (Petra Krystek and Rob Ritsema) Author Index. Subject Index.

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Book SynopsisThis book addresses the formulation of theoretical molecular orbital models starting from quantum mechanics, and compares them to experimental results. It draws on a series of models that have already received widespread application and are available for new applications.Table of ContentsTheoretical Background. The Computational Problem. Selection of A Model. Practical Considerations: Input and Output. The Performance of the Model. Index.

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Book SynopsisElectrostatic accelerators, such as the Van de Graaf generator, are among the most established and well-developed particle accelerators. One of the key issues in the maturation of these accelerators has been the development of methods used to stabilize the energies of the particles they produce. Energy Stabilization of Electrostatic Accelerators presents a comprehensive overview of the key methods of stabilizing the energy of ions produced by electrostatic accelerators. After giving comprehensive background information on the subject, it explains the basis of high voltage generation, covering both the Van de Graaf charge transfer and the Crockcroft Walton voltage multiplier principle. This is followed by a description of the various methods used to detect the fluctuation in the energy of the accelerated ions. The later chapters describe the various ways used to stabilize the energy of the ions, gradually leading the reader to models of more complicated multi-loop stabilizers, composed Table of ContentsCharge Current Control. Voltage and Energy Sensors. The Corona Stabilizer. The Liner Control. Other Control Elements. Multiple-loop Voltage Stabilizers. Energy Modulation. Apendix. Epilogue. Bibliography. Index.

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Book SynopsisThis text provides an introduction to the theoretical methods that are used to analyze each sort of force and provide the reader with a guide to the most appropriate method for a given problem. Examples are used to illustrate the points, and the pitfalls that a novice might encounter are outlined.Table of ContentsPartial table of contents: THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK. Symmetry-Adapted Perturbation Theory of Intermolecular Interactions (K. Szalewicz & B. Jeziorski). Basis Set Superposition Error (F. van Duijneveldt). Theory and Computation of Vibration, Rotation and Tunneling Motions of Van der Waals Complexes and Their Spectra (A. van der Avoird, et al.). Ab Initio Predictions of the Vibrational Spectra of Some Molecular Complexes: Comparison with Experiment (T. Ford). Conventional and Unconventional Hydrogen-Bonded Ionic Clusters (C. Deakyne). Protein-Ligand Interactions (G. Náray-Szabó). Indexes.

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Book SynopsisAn Introduction to Analytical Atomic Spectrometry is a thoroughly revised and updated version of the highly successful book by Les Ebdon, An Introduction to Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. The change in title reflects the number of significant developments in the field of atomic spectrometry since publication of the earlier book. New topics include plasma atomic emission spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Key features: * Self assessment questions throughout book to test understanding * Keywords highlighted to facilitate revision * Practical exercises using modern techniques * Comprehensive bibliography for further reading The accessibility of An Introduction to Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, makes it an ideal revision text for postgraduates, or for those studying the subject by distance learning.Table of ContentsOverview of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry. Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. Electrothermal Atomization. Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry. Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry. Special Sample Introduction Techniques. Appendices. Index.

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Book SynopsisMuch data has been collected from experiments on the kinetics of radical reactions in different solids. This text explores the kinetics of solids. It discusses low-molecular matrices, polymers, and examines hydrogen atom transfer, triple carbene reactions and radical pair transformations.Table of ContentsFormally Kinetic Description of Reactions with Dispersion in Reactivity. Influence of Space-Orientation Factors on Reactivity in Solids. Connection of Solid Phase Kinetics with Molecular Dynamics. The Effect of the Structural-Physical Modification on the Kinetics of Radical Reactions. Tunnelling in Solid Phase Reactions. The Kinetic Isotope Effect in Solid Phase Reactions. Kinetics of Photoinitiated Reactions in Solids. Index.

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Book SynopsisIn recent years, Rydberg atoms have been the subject of intense study, becoming the testing ground for several quantum mechanical problems. This book provides a comprehensive description of the physics of Rydberg atoms, highlighting their remarkable properties by reference to their behaviour in a wide range of physical situations. Following an overview of the basic properties of Rydberg atoms, their interactions with electric and magnetic fields are analysed in detail. The collisions of Rydberg atoms with neutral and charged species are described, and the use of multichannel quantum defect theory in the study of Rydberg atomic systems is discussed. Experimental and theoretical research in this extensive field is also reviewed, making the book valuable to both graduate students and established researchers in physics and physical chemistry.Trade Review"Provides a comprehensive description of the physics of Rydberg atoms, highlighting their remarkable properties by reference to their behavior in a wide range of physical situations." Optical Engineering"...handsomely produced with many illustrations...the book will undoubtedly be the standard reference work in the field for many years to come...should be invaluable both to experienced researchers and to graduate students...it constitutes a valuable resource for teachers of quantum mechanics and atomic physics..." Daniel Kleppner, Nature"...will be useful to those wanting to access in one place Gallagher's way of understanding and explaining a rich variety of phenomena...libraries should definitely make the investment." Peter M. Koch, Physics World"...This timely and beautifully produced book provides the background needed to delve into the recent literature in the area...it also constitutes a rich source of experimentally realizable and elegant illustrations of basic physical principles." Turgay Uzer, Physics Today"Gallagher has made one more fine contribution to the field of atomic physics." James E. Bayfield, American Journal of PhysicsTable of Contents1. Introduction; 2. Rydberg atom wavefunctions; 3. Production of Rydberg atoms; 4. Oscillator strengths and lifetimes; 5. Blackbody radiation; 6. Electric fields; 7. Pulsed field ionization; 8. Photoexcitation in electric fields; 9. Magnetic fields; 10. Microwave excitation and ionization; 11. Collisions with neutral atoms and molecules; 12. Spectral lineshifts and broadenings; 13. Charged particle collisions; 14. Resonant Rydberg-Rydberg collisions; 15. Radiative collisions; 16. Spectroscopy of alkali Rydberg states; 17. Radio frequency spectroscopy of alkaline earth atoms; 18. Bound helium Rydberg states; 19. Autoionizing Rydberg states; 20. Quantum defect theory; 21. Optical spectra of autoionizing Rydberg states; 22. Interseries interaction in bound states; 23. Double Rydberg states.

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Book SynopsisA solid 2007 introduction to quantum mesoscopic physics, this book is a modern account of the problem of coherent wave propagation in random media. It provides a unified account of the basic theoretical tools and methods, and is ideal for graduate students and researchers in physics, electrical engineering and applied physics.Trade ReviewReview of the hardback: '… the type of book from which one can learn the subject even without a teacher.' Carlo Beenakker, Leiden UniversityReview of the hardback: '… highly recommended to both opticians and researchers interested in nanoelectronic devices. Applications to cold-atom and BEC systems can also be visualized.' Joe Imry, Weizmann Institute of ScienceReview of the hardback: '… unique in equipping the reader with a powerful, complete, and yet very intuitive, diagrammatic tool box for computing all quantities of interest for mesoscopic physics problems dealing with diffusive, weakly-interacting particles.' Michel Devoret, Yale UniversityReview of the hardback: '… probably the most extensive effort thus far to provide an introduction and overview of wave transmission through objects with many scattering centers.' Markus Buttiker, University of GenevaReview of the hardback: 'Invaluable to anybody already working in the field, but also highly recommended for newcomers.' Ad Lagendijk, University professor AmsterdamReview of the hardback: 'This text serves as both a good introductory text to the propagation of waves in complex and disordered media and a handbook for those already working in the field.' Contemporary PhysicsTable of Contents1. Introduction: mesoscopic physics; 2. Wave equations in random media; 3. Perturbation theory; 4. Probability of quantum diffusion; 5. Properties of the diffusion equation; 6. Dephasing; 7. Electronic transport; 8. Coherent backscattering of light; 9. Diffusing wave spectroscopy; 10. Spectral properties of disordered metals; 11. Universal conductance fluctuations; 12. Correlations of speckle patterns; 13. Interactions and diffusion; 14. Orbital magnetism and persistent currents; 15. Formulary; Index.

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Book SynopsisThe neutrino, an elementary particle, plays a special role in the physics of particles and nuclei as well as in astrophysics and cosmology. Since the neutrino interacts only very weakly with matter, it is very difficult to observe. As a result, many of its basic properties are still unknown.Trade Review"...readable and concise, but still fairly thorough...Overall, this is an excellent introduction and guide to an important and complex field." NatureTable of ContentsPreface to the first edition; Preface to the second edition; 1. Neutrino properties; 2. Kinematic tests for neutrino mass; 3. Neutrino induced reactions; 4. Heavy neutrinos and neutrino decay; 5. Neutrino oscillations; 6. Double beta decay; 7. Massive neutrinos in cosmology and astrophysics; References; Index.

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Book SynopsisThis highly-regarded text provides a comprehensive introduction to modern particle physics. Extensively rewritten and updated, this 4th edition includes developments in elementary particle physics, as well as its connections with cosmology and astrophysics. As in previous editions, the balance between experiment and theory is continually emphasised. The stress is on the phenomenological approach and basic theoretical concepts rather than rigorous mathematical detail. Short descriptions are given of some of the key experiments in the field, and how they have influenced our thinking. Although most of the material is presented in the context of the Standard Model of quarks and leptons, the shortcomings of this model and new physics beyond its compass (such as supersymmetry, neutrino mass and oscillations, GUTs and superstrings) are also discussed. The text includes many problems and a detailed and annotated further reading list.Trade Review'This edition represents a major rewrite, not just a set of updates. Welcome additions are lengthy chapters on 'physics beyond the standard model' and 'particle physics and cosmology' … it is about as up to date as can be expected in such a rapidly advancing area æ what sets this book apart from its competitors is that the author has both a very good knowledge of theory and understands experimental techniques and limitations far better than most. His intuitive understanding of the subject matter is very evident. I would predict that another generation of teachers and students will welcome this revised text. It is without a peer at this level. I would certainly use it …'. Stuart Tovey, The PhysicistTable of ContentsPreface; 1. Quarks and leptons; 2. Interactions and fields; 3. Invariance principles and conservation laws; 4. Quarks in hadrons; 5. Lepton and quark scattering; 6. Quark interactions and QCD; 7. Weak interactions; 8. Electroweak interactions and the Standard Model; 9. Physics beyond the Standard Model; 10. Particle physics and cosmology; 11. Experimental methods; Appendices.

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Book SynopsisThis succinct book is timely reading for anyone who wishes to understand the maze of science and secrecy at the heart of Iran's nuclear ambitions. Writing for the general reader, Jeremy Bernstein draws on his knowledge as a physicist to elucidate the scientific principles and technical hurdles involved in creating nuclear reactors and bombs.Trade ReviewNuclear Iran is part scientific primer, part history with a dash of policy analysis. Here the reader can come to grips—as best as we nonscientific souls can—with the math behind the concept of critical mass in nuclear fission. There [Bernstein] offers a brief but illuminating portrait of Gernot Zippe, the eccentric Austrian-German engineer, captured by the Soviets during World War II, who pioneered the centrifuge model later sold by the Pakistani proliferator A.Q. Khan to North Korea and Iran. Bernstein also details the history of the Iranian nuclear program, beginning with its origins under the Shah. Letting the facts speak for themselves, Bernstein makes it very hard to maintain that the mullahs have peaceful intentions… [I] loved the book. A reader doesn’t need to master every equation to get the conceptual gist, and anyone who publicly opines about Iran would do well to spend an afternoon learning from Jeremy Bernstein. -- Sohrab Ahmari * Wall Street Journal *This very timely book is valuable for anyone interested in learning about the real issues in the negotiations between the U.S. (and other nations) and Iran over their nuclear programs and the consequences of any agreement that is reached. -- A. M. Strauss * Choice *A lucid and fascinating explanation of the science that allows us to think clearly about nuclear Iran. -- Walter Isaacson, author of Steve Jobs and Einstein: His Life and Universe

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Book SynopsisTrade ReviewPraise for the previous edition:“What sets this book apart from other recent and older texts on string theory is that, while providing the level of detail in the derivation of all central results that is necessary for an introductory textbook, Kiritsis maintains a brisk and steady pace, and also includes a colloquial discussion of new concepts at the beginning of every section.”—Johannes Walcher, Mathematical Reviews“This textbook on string theory presents the state of the art of this quickly developing topic.”—Hans-Jürgen Schmidt, Zentralblatt MATH“An excellent reference for any graduate student interested in string theory. Kiritsis succinctly describes many of the recent developments that are necessary background to current research.”—Juan Maldacena, Institute for Advanced Study “There is a definite need for a short, speedy introduction to modern string theory. Kiritsis beautifully fills this gap—including all essential areas, but remaining relatively concise, so that a beginning student can work through the entire text.”—Andrew Strominger, Harvard University

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Book SynopsisScattering is one of the most powerful methods used to study the structure of matter, and many of the most important breakthroughs in physics have been made by means of scattering. Nearly a century has passed since the first investigations in this field, and the work undertaken since then has resulted in a rich literature encompassing both experimental and theoretical results.In scattering, one customarily studies collisions among nuclear, sub-nuclear, atomic or molecular particles, and as these are intrinsically quantum systems, it is logical that quantum mechanics is used as the basis for modern scattering theory. In Principles of Quantum Scattering Theory, the author judiciously combines physical intuition and mathematical rigour to present various selected principles of quantum scattering theory. As always in physics, experiment should be used to ultimately validate physical and mathematical modelling, and the author presents a number of exemplary illustrations, comparinTrade Review"…presents a thorough overview of the main aspects of the subject…highly recommended…important acquisition for defense libraries and other science and technology libraries…"E-Streams, Volume 8, no. 8, 2005"Never have the principles of scattering theory been formulated and applied to such a breadth of problems from basic physics to condenced matter, bio, chemical and medical physics. Computational strategies emphasize both deterministic stochastic methods adding to the value of the book". -- Erkki Brandas"This is an excellent book." -- Professor Ivan MancevTable of ContentsPART I; The main principles and the basic theoretical frameworks for a nonrelativistic quantum-mechanical theory of scattering; A Introduction; B The main physical features of collision problems; B.1 Recognizable reference points of scattering theory; C Universality of the scattering problem; C.1 Fundamental aspects of collision theory; C.2 Collisions in various branches of physics; C.3 Importance of collisions in atomic and molecular physics; C.4 Collisions and new sources of energy; C.5 Application of collisional phenomena in other sciences; C.6 Application of collision phenomena in technology; 1 The key features of quantum systems and the Kato conditions; 2 Time evolution of quantum systems; 3 The Schrodinger picture; 4 The Heisenberg picture; 5 The Dirac picture; 6 The Dyson perturbation expansion of the evolution operator; 7 Time-dependent scattering theory; 8 Time-independent scattering theory; 9 The problem of asymptotic convergence of scattering states; 10 The principle of detailed balance; 11 Convergence of series of operators, state vectors and matrix elements; 12 Recapitulation of the principles of quantum scattering theory; 13 Summary to part I; PART II Selected applications of non-relativistic quantum scattering theory to energetic inelastic collisions of ions with atoms; 14 The physics of double scatterings; 15 The leading experimental methods for double scatterings; 16 The two main theoretical frameworks for ion-atom collisions from low to high energies; 17 Basic mechanisms behind elementary atomic processes; 18 Direct momentum matching; 19 Indirect momentum matching; 20 Dynamic electron correlations; 21 Thomas double scatterings of the active electron with two atomic nuclei; 22 The impulse hypothesis; 23 Drawbacks of the continuum distorted wave method and its; 'derivatives'; 24 Coulomb-Born-type methods for electron detachment; 25 A variational unification of low- and high-energy methods; 26 Thomas-like dielectronic scatterings in transfer ionization; 27 Projectile and target merged cold beams for highly correlated events; 28 Thomas double scatterings of atoms in ion-molecule collisions; 29 Collisions of cold ions and Bose-Einstein condensates; 30 Fundamental reasons for the equivalence between the classical Thomas successive binary collisions and quantal double scatterings; 31 Multiple ionization in fast ion-atom and ion-molecule collisions; 32 Recapitulation on double-scattering mechanisms; 33 The reasons for the inadequacy of the standard impulse approximation; 34 The reformulated impulse approximation (RIA); 35 An analytical calculation of the main scattering integral; 36 Correlated electronic dynamics at all energies; 37 Correct links between scattered waves and transition operator potentials; 38 Illustrations; 38.1 Computational methods; 38.1.1 Deterministic methods; 38.1.2 Stochastic methods; 38.2 Atomic collision problems; 39 Summary to part II; 40 Outlook; References; Index

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Book SynopsisFrom Nuclear Transmutation to Nuclear Fission, 1932-1939 deals with a particular phase in the early history of nuclear physics: the race among four laboratory teams to be the first to achieve the transmutation of atomic nuclei with artificially accelerated nuclear projectiles (protons) in high-voltage discharge tubes. This volume covers the background of the development of particle accelerators in the 1920s, the growth of the laboratories and their teams, the race itself, and its aftermath.The book provides an overview of the history of nuclear physics, from Ernest Rutherford's nuclear atom of 1911 to nuclear fission on the eve of World War II. It focuses on the details of the laboratory race, which was won by the English team in 1932. The volume also covers the reaction of the different laboratories to the discovery of nuclear fission, their wartime roles, and a brief epilogue on the later careers of the principal personalities.Trade Review"Dahl brings an impressive amount of scholarship to his book. He quotes many primary sources: letters, laboratory notebooks, progress reports, and unpublished manuscripts. In addition, the book has a nine page bibliography of journal articles and books. This is the book to read to witness the explosive development phase of modern nuclear physics." -James O'Connell, American Journal of Physics, No. 71 8th Ed., August 2003 "In fourteen chapters Dahl gives us coverage of nuclear physics that stretches in space and time far beyond what the reader might have expected … We are fortunate that Dahl has collected so many facts and sources of information about a truly fascinating period in the development of modern physics. His lively writing and the many surprising turns of the story will help the reader navigate through the abundance of detail. The book should be keenly enjoyed by everyone who likes to view progress in physics as one big (and mostly friendly) competitive team game." -Jean-Francois S. van Huele, History of Physics Newsletter, Vol. IX, No. 1 "Per Dahl has written a valuable and entertaining account … It would be hard to imagine a person better qualified than Per Dahl to write a book on this subject." -Laurie M. Brown "Dahl's account is wonderfully informative about the personalities who probed the nucleus during the 1930s." -Currents, December 2002 "The book is well and clearly written, betraying a desire for popular as well as professional audiences in addition to a talent for weaving together the stories he has to tell here." -Physics World, January 2003 "Dahl offers an interesting account of the early history of experimental nuclear physics research … Dahl very solidly documents the inner workings and motivations within these groups." -U. Greife, CHOICE, February 2003 "The familial firm handclasp between science and engineering informs this highly readable account of technical achievements and human aspirations in the early history and evolution of accelerators and reactors for nuclear physics research. The author admirably conveys the sense of struggle and accomplishment in this field, following from Ernest Rutherford's model of the nuclear atom in 1911 and the early scattering and transmutation investigations by his group … One's attention is gripped throughout and one's appreciation of the Herculean (oftentimes Spartan) efforts of such brilliant innovators in wedding engineering to science is whetted in this engrossing survey, by a perceptive writer for lay and professional readers alike, of a remarkable era in the unfolding history of physics." -E. Sheldon, University of Massachusetts, USA "Anyone with even a moderate interest in how physics developed in the 1920's and 1930's will enjoy the book … an especially interesting theme brought out by Dahl is the importance of Norwegians and other Scandinavians in the development of accelerators and early nuclear physics … Dahl concludes his history with an original and exciting account of the early developments in nuclear fission. It is not easy to weave as much as Dahl has into a coherent whole especially when many of the side stories are as interesting as the main scientific thread. Dahl has effectively organized his work so that the main and tangential stories come through clearly. The history is well worth revisiting and Dahl's summary of it is fresh and engaging." -Guy T. Emery, Physics Today, August 2003Table of ContentsPreface. Acknowledgements. List of illustrations. Prologue. The English Stage is Set. American Beginnings. How Many Volts? Protons, Electrons and Gamma Rays. Protons East and West. Giants of Electricity. Difficult years. More Particles, Expected and Unexpected. Runners Up. Deuterium. The Americans Forge Ahead. Fission: Return of Lightfoot. Epilogue. Abbreviations. Notes. Select Bibliography. Name Index. Subject Index.

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Book SynopsisThis book provides a thorough introduction to the phenomenology of heavy flavour physics, those working on the B-factories, LHCb, BTeV, HERA and the Tevatron. It explains how heavy quark theory could be implemented on the lattice, and discusses the status of CP-violation in the neutral kaon system.Table of ContentsStandard Model -- The Standard Model in 2001/Jonathan Rosner -- Heavy Quark Theory L· CP Violation -- Heavy Quark Theory/Gerhard Buchalla -- Lattice Q C D/Christine Davies -- CP Violation/Yosef Nir -- Supersymmetry/Steve Abel -- Experimental Results -- Phenomenology of B Decays/Sheldon Stone -- B Experiments at HERA and the Tevatron/Peter Krizan -- Kaon Decay Experiments/Konrad Kleinknecht -- Results from e+e- B-factories/Klaus Schubert -- B Physics at the L H C /Tatsuya Nakada -- Index.

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Book SynopsisContaining the Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Physics Beyond the Standard Model, this book reports the latest experimental and theoretical results and ideas in this exciting field, at the interface between particle physics, astrophysics, and nuclear physics. Taken as a whole, this book presents an overview of the current status of the field and a valuable analysis of future trends in theory and experimental approaches across particle astrophysics.Table of ContentsApproximately 70 papers on the following topics: Extension of the Standard Model Grand Unified Theories and Beyond Fundamental Symmetries Supersymmetry and Supergravity Phenomenology Strings M-Theory Search for New Physics at Colliders Neutrino Physics: Neutrino Mass Matrix Solar Neutrinos Atmospheric Neutrino Oscillations Neutron Oscillation and Neutron Decay Neutrino Factories High Energy Neutrinos Supernovae Neutrinos Double Beta Decay Nuclear and Weak Interaction Cosmic Microwave Background Properties of Space Time Dark Matter, Dark Energy, Baryogenesis Cosmic Rays

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Book SynopsisGas discharge plasma is the most common type of low-temperature plasma, with a large number of practical applications covering almost all areas of modern science and technology. This book is an introduction to the numerical modeling methods for gas discharge plasmas. It is intended to assist and direct graduate students and junior researchers, whose research activity deals with computational plasma physics. Topics covered include the essentials of basic modelling approaches (particle, fluid, and hybrid) for gas discharges, and the implementation of these methods with examples of glow (DC and RF) discharges. Numerical studies of nonlinear dynamics and formation of spatio-temporal patterns in gas discharge systems are also presented.Key Features Focuses solely on gas discharge plasmas Covers basic modelling techniques, including particle, fluid, and hybrid Provides details of applications and implementation for t

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Book SynopsisThis new,expanded edition provides a fresh, accessible photon-based description ofmodern molecular spectroscopy and photophysics for senior undergraduates and graduatestudents. Includes works examples and purposely devised illustrations.

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Book SynopsisA course in angular momentum techniques is essential for quantitative study of problems in atomic physics, molecular physics, nuclear physics and solid state physics.Table of ContentsPreface. 1. Angular Momentum Operators and Their Matrix Elements. 2. Coupling of Two Angular Momenta. 3. Vectors and Tensors in Spherical Basis. 4. Rotation Matrices - I. 5. Rotation Matrices - II. 6. Tensor Operators and Reduced Matrix Elements. 7. Coupling of Three Angular Momenta. 8. Coupling of Four Angular Momenta. 9. Partial Waves and the Gradient Formula. 10. Identical Particles. 11. Density Matrix and Statistical Tensors. 12. Products of Angular Momentum Matrices and Their Traces. 13. The Helicity Formalism. 14. The Spin States of Dirac Particles. Appendices. References. Subject Index.

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Book SynopsisThe present book attempts to present a unified theoretical and conceptual framework for the description of various irreversible phenomena in quantum mechanics. The book as a whole is designed for the reader with knowledge of theoretical physics (especially quantum mechanics) at university level.Table of ContentsForeword. Introduction. I. Quantum-Theoretical Basis. Density Matrix. II. Quantum Theory of Relaxation Processes. III. Interaction with Photons and Molecular Vibrations. IV. Interaction with Photons. V. Memory Effects in Relaxation Processes. Exact Solutions. VI. Quantum Measurement and Irreversibility. Concluding Remarks. References. Index.

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Book Synopsis"Blurb & Contents" "The reader is treated to constantly refreshing and engaging commentary and opinion that always informs....As she depicts them, the problems of the universe are always fascinating and, most of all, they are alive and compelling."Table of ContentsWave normal surfaces; waves in a cold uniform plasma; causality, acoustic waves and simple drift waves; energy flow and accessibility; Kruskal-Schwarzschild solutions for a bounded plasma; oscillations in bonded plasmas; plasma models with discrete structure; longitudinal oscillations in a plasma of continuous structure; absolute and convective instability; susceptibilities for a hot plasma in a magnetic field; waves in magnetized uniform media; effects on waves from weak collisions; reflection, absorption and mode conversion; nonuniform plasmas; the straight-trajectory approximation; quasilinear diffusion; quasilinear diffusion in a magnetized plasma; bounce-averaged quasilinear diffusion in a magnetized plasma; bounce-averaged quasilinear diffusion.

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Book SynopsisThis book adopts a novel, physics-first approach to quantum measurement, using physical experiments as the basis to describe the underlying mathematical formalism. The text is an excellent introduction for students wanting to learn more about measurement theory, and the wide selection of exercises make this book ideal for courses.Trade Review'There is a spot in the great John Archibald Wheeler's autobiography where he writes, 'Many students entering upon their study of quantum mechanics are told that [the theory] shows its essence in the equation Erwin Schrödinger published in 1926. … But, to my mind, the Schrödinger wave fails to capture the true essence of quantum mechanics. That essence is measurement.' Were Wheeler but alive today to see this marvelous book! His outlook shaped my own approach to the foundations of quantum theory, but this book is the first living instantiation of Wheeler's deep thought to physical practice itself. It will be a standard reference for years to come.' Christopher Fuchs, University of Massachusetts Boston'This is a fascinating exploration of quantum measurement, going far beyond the standard textbook coverage and guided by the most recent experiments. Essential reading for quantum physicists and engineers and a valuable reference for all those seeking an in-depth understanding of fundamental quantum processes and solid-state quantum devices.' Jean-Michel Raimond, Sorbonne Université'Theoretical and experimental physicists mean different things when they refer to the quantum measurement problem. In this book two world leading quantum physicists, one a theoretician and one an experimentalist, give a comprehensive treatment of the real measurement problem: how to intervene and control the quantum world. This problem is at the foundation of the rapidly developing quantum technology industry. In so doing, they recast moribund questions in quantum foundations and provide the tools for more effective quantum technology.' Gerard Milburn, The University of QueenslandTable of Contents1. Introduction to quantum physics and measurement; 2. Projective measurement; 3. Generalized measurement; 4. Weak measurement; 5. Continuous measurement – diffusive case; 6. Continuous measurement – quantum jump case; 7. Linear detectors; 8. Quantum amplifcation; 9. Measurement-related phenomena and applications; 10. Feedback and control; 11. Epilogue – what does it all mean?

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Book SynopsisAs useful to students and nuclear professionals as its popular predecessors, this fifth edition provides the most up-to-date and accessible introduction to radiation detector materials, systems, and applications. There have been many advances in the field of radiation detection, most notably in practical applications. Incorporating these important developments, Measurement and Detection of Radiation, Fifth Edition provides the most up-to-date and accessible introduction to radiation detector materials, systems, and applications. It also includes more problems and updated references and bibliographies, and step-by-step derivations and numerous examples illustrate key concepts. New to the Fifth Edition:â Expanded chapters on semiconductor detectors, data analysis methods, health physics fundamentals, and nuclear forensics.â Updated references and bibliographies.â New and expanded problems.

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Book SynopsisThis book provides an accessible introduction to radioactivity. The first in a two-volume set, this volume is presented in two parts, covering radiation physics and natural radiation exposure.It first explores the discovery and physics of the phenomenon of radioactivity, covering the discovery of radioactive decay and the historical development of the physics and applications of radioactivity through to 1940. Chapters then present descriptive summaries of the physics of the atom and the atomic nucleus, mass and energy conditions, the nature of isotopes, and the different decay patterns. Chapter three discusses decay laws and introduces natural origins of radioactivity as well as methods for producing radioactive isotopes through nuclear reaction processes in reactor and accelerator. The book then provides an introduction on dosimetry, radiation chemistry and impact of radiation on biological systems.The second half of the book details natural radioactivity and the role

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Book SynopsisFeaturing chapters written by leading experts in magnetometry, this book provides comprehensive coverage of the principles, technology and diverse applications of optical magnetometry, from testing fundamental laws of nature to detecting biomagnetic fields and medical diagnostics. Readers will find a wealth of technical information, from antirelaxation-coating techniques, microfabrication and magnetic shielding to geomagnetic-field measurements, space magnetometry, detection of biomagnetic fields, detection of NMR and MRI signals and rotation sensing. The book includes an original survey of the history of optical magnetometry and a chapter on the commercial use of these technologies. The book is supported by extensive online material, containing historical overviews, derivations, sideline discussion, additional plots and tables, available at www.cambridge.org/9781107010352. As well as introducing graduate students to this field, the book is also a useful reference for researchers in atTable of ContentsPart I. Principles and Techniques: 1. General principles and characteristics of optical magnetometers D. F. Jackson Kimball, E. B. Alexandrov and D. Budker; 2. Quantum noise in atomic magnetometers M. V. Romalis; 3. Quantum noise, squeezing, and entanglement in radio-frequency optical magnetometers K. Jensen and E. S. Polzik; 4. Mx and Mz magnetometers E. B. Alexandrov and A. K. Vershovskii; 5. Spin-exchange-relaxation-free (serf) magnetometers I. Savukov and S. J. Seltzer; 6. Optical magnetometry with modulated light D. F. Jackson Kimball, S. Pustelny, V. V. Yashchuk and D. Budker; 7. Microfabricated atomic magnetometers S. Knappe and J. Kitching; 8. Optical magnetometry with nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond V. M. Acosta, D. Budker, P. R. Hemmer, J. R. Maze and R. L. Walsworth; 9. Magnetometry with cold atoms W. Gawlik and J. M. Higbie; 10. Helium magnetometers R. E. Slocum, D. D. McGregor and A. W. Brown; 11. Surface coatings for atomic magnetometry S. J. Seltzer, M.-A. Bouchiat and M. V. Balabas; 12. Magnetic shielding V. V. Yashchuk, S.-K. Lee and E. Paperno; Part II. Applications: 13. Remote detection magnetometry S. M. Rochester, J. M. Higbie, B. Patton, D. Budker, R. Holzlöhner and D. Bonaccini Calia; 14. Detection of nuclear magnetic resonance with atomic magnetometers M. P. Ledbetter, I. Savukov, S. J. Seltzer and D. Budker; 15. Space magnetometry B. Patton, A. W. Brown, R. E. Slocum and E. J. Smith; 16. Detection of biomagnetic fields A. Ben-Amar Baranga, T. G. Walker and R. T. Wakai; 17. Geophysical applications M. D. Prouty, R. Johnson, I. Hrvoic and A. K. Vershovskii; Part III. Broader Impact: 18. Tests of fundamental physics with optical magnetometers D. F. Jackson Kimball, S. K. Lamoreaux and T. E. Chupp; 19. Nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscopes E. A. Donley and J. Kitching; 20. Commercial magnetometers and their application D. C. Hovde, M. D. Prouty, I. Hrvoic and R. E. Slocum; Index.

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Book SynopsisNiels Bohr (1885â1962) was a Danish physicist who played a key role in the development of atomic theory and quantum mechanics, he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1922. First published in 1934, and reprinted in 1961, this collection contains four articles and an introductory survey. Originally written for various journals during the 1920s, the articles concern themselves with the epistemological significance of discoveries in quantum physics. Although aimed at physicists, they are generally non-technical, with only one using some elementary mathematics. This book will be of value to anyone with an interest in Bohr's contribution to physics.Table of ContentsIntroductory survey; 1. Atomic theory and mechanics; 2. The quantum postulate and the recent development of atomic theory; 3. The quantum of action and the description of nature; 4. The atomic theory and the fundamental principles underlying the description of nature.

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Book SynopsisHelping readers understand the complicated laws of nature, Advanced Particle Physics Volume I: Particles, Fields, and Quantum Electrodynamics explains the calculations, experimental procedures, and measuring methods of particle physics. It also describes modern physics devices, including accelerators, elementary particle detectors, and neutrino telescopes. The book first introduces the mathematical basis of modern quantum field theory. It presents the most pertinent information on group theory, proves Noetherâs theorem, and determines the major motion integrals connected with both space and internal symmetry. The second part on fundamental interactions and their unifications discusses the main theoretical preconditions and experiments that allow for matter structure to be established at the quark-lepton level. In the third part, the author investigates the secondary quantized theories of free fields with spin 0, 1/2, and 1, with particular emphasis on the neutrino field. The final part focuses on quantum electrodynamics, the first successfully operating quantum field theory. Along with different renormalization schemes of quantum field theory, the author covers the calculation methods for polarized and unpolarized particles, with and without inclusion of radiative corrections. Each part in this volume contains problems to help readers master the calculation techniques and generalize the results obtained. To improve understanding of the computation procedures in quantum field theory, the majority of the calculations have been performed without dropping complex intermediate steps.Table of ContentsMATHEMATICAL PRELUDE: Relativistic Invariance. Three-Dimensional World. The Four-Dimensional Minkowski Space. Lagrangian Formulation of Field Theory. Discrete Symmetry Operations. BIRD’S-EYE VIEW ON MICROWORLD: Fundamental Interactions. Atoms — Nuclei — Nucleons. From Muon to Gluon. Hadron Families. Quark "Atoms". Passing Glance on Theory of Electroweak Interaction. Fundamental Particles of Standard Model. Technical Equipments of Particle Physics. QUANTUM IDYLL — FREE FIELDS: Scalar Field. Particles with Spin 1/2. Massive Vector Field. Electromagnetic Field. QUANTUM ELECTRODYNAMICS: S-Matrix. Transmission of γ-Radiation through Matter. Scattering of Electrons and Positrons. Radiative Corrections. Renormalization Theory. Appendix.

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Book SynopsisHelping readers understand the complicated laws of nature, Advanced Particle Physics Volume II: The Standard Model and Beyond explains the calculations, experimental procedures, and measuring methods of particle physics, particularly quantum chromodynamics (QCD). It also discusses extensions to the Standard Model and the physics of massive neutrinos. Divided into three parts, this volume begins with QCD. It explains the quantization scheme using functional integrals and investigates renormalization problems. The book also calculates cross sections of basic hard processes and covers nonperturbative methods, such as the lattice approach and QCD vacuum. The next part focuses on electroweak interactions, in which the author describes the GlashowâWeinbergâSalam theory and presents composite models and a left-right symmetric model as extensions to the Standard Model. The book concludes with chapters on massive neutrino physics that cover neutrino properties, neutrino oscillation in vacuum and matter, and solar and atmospheric neutrinos.Table of ContentsQUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS: Canonical Quantization. Formalism of Functional Integration. Renormalization and Unitarity. Asymptotical Freedom. Chiral Symmetries. Anomalies. Hard Processes in QCD. Lattice QCD. Quark-Gluon Plasma. QCD Vacuum. QCD Experimental Status. ELECTROWEAK INTERACTIONS: Glashow–Weinberg–Salam Theory. Physics beyond the Standard Model. NEUTRINO PHYSICS: Neutrino Properties. Neutrino Oscillation in Vacuum. Neutrino Oscillation in Matter. Solar Neutrinos. Atmospheric Neutrinos. Results and Perspectives.

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Book SynopsisThis book has a rigorous yet comfortably accessible discussion of quintessential topics in quantum mechanics. Designed for graduate students and researchers, it has lucid qualitative and mathematical explanations of fundamental principles and modern applications. Readers will be encouraged to apply quantum mechanics to problems of current interest.Trade Review'Pranawa, a well-known atomic physicist and a great teacher of quantum mechanics over decades, offers an excursion to the quantum world. He shares anecdotes, questions, solved problems and insights, in a non-traditional fashion. One gets a glimpse of quantum complexities. In excursions, some preparation and learning a little bit about the places of visit helps enormously. Similarly, a familiarity with quantum mechanics will help the students to appreciate the difficult subject presented in the book. I learned Feynman's path integral method somewhat late. It made lot of sense and helped my research. Pranawa's book, thankfully introduces path integral method, early in the beginning. Pranawa's book is a Lego Box with precious pieces. Students and teachers can build their own quantum world using the pieces. There is a lot to be gained from this book for hard-working students.' G. Baskaran, The Institute of Mathematical Sciences'Quantum Mechanics by Professor Deshmukh is a didactic book about basic QM, with the classical topics often illustrated by contemporary applications, punctuated with gems stemming from the Author research activity in atomic physics as well as fundamental problems. As example, after a detailed presentation of the Feynman's path integral formulation, a thorough discussion is given of geometrical phases, the Aharonov-Bohm effect including a numerical simulation and the connection with classical mechanics illustrated via a Foucault pendulum. Even for the quantum well a new approach via the Lambert W function is presented. Atomic structure and processes are more detailed than usual, including discussion of continuum states, dynamical symmetries and relativistic aspects. The style is leisurely, not overly formal, and you feel the teacher guiding you behind the shoulder, not shying from occasional longer derivations, but always with enough details to make for smooth sailing. A solid first approach for all students, especially recommended for further study in the quantum theory of matter and allied sciences.' Piero Decleva, Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Universita' di Trieste'It is often said that it is not possible to really understand Quantum Mechanics. This might be true, but with enough effort it is certainly possible to learn to master its machinery and use it to explain physical phenomena and develop new technology. Professor Pranawa Deshmukh writes in this book: 'Quantum theory may shock and confuse us, but it is a successful theory of the physical world. It is cast in a mathematical framework which must be learned with patience and rigour'.' Eva Lindroth, Department of Physics, Stockholm University'Professor Deshmukh is well placed to author this text, as he has extensive teaching experience in both classical and quantum mechanics. Throughout the book, the author consistently communicates his own excitement and wonder at quantum mechanics as a fundamental description of nature. Following his previous book Foundations of Classical Mechanics he elucidates the challenges and achievements of quantum theory. The early chapters introduce the basics of quantum theory and introduce the reader to non-relativistic and relativistic versions. The later chapters tackle interesting applications ranging from one-electron and many-electron atoms, to quantum collisions and up to date topics such as quantum information (entanglement) and computing. His inclusion of very detailed derivations accompanied by insightful physical explanations makes the book very suitable for self-study or as a graduate text.' Eugene Kennedy, School of Physical Sciences, Dublin City University'This textbook on Quantum Mechanics (QM) follows a well-received CUP edition of the 'Foundations of Classical Mechanics' by the same author. While numerous texts on QM exist, the present book brings a fresh perspective given by a practicing atomic physics theorist with a wide range of research interests. The book is built from the historical background of QM up to the most recent applications including quantum information and computation. In this historical journey, the key milestones of QM are marked including the hydrogen atom, Feynman path integrals, light-matter interaction and scattering of atomic particles. A loving attention to detail and meticulous derivations make this book a pleasant and useful reading which will benefit both the students and practicing researchers.' Anatoli Kheifets, Research School of Physics, The Australian National UniversityTable of ContentsList of Figures; Foreword by Eva Lindroth; Preface; Chapter 1. Description of a physical system; Chapter 2. Feynman's formulation of quantum mechanics; Chapter 3. Continuum and bound eigenstates of one-dimensional potentials; Chapter 4. Angular momentum; Chapter 5. The nonrelativistic hydrogen atom; Chapter 6. Approximation methods; Chapter 7. The relativistic hydrogen atom; Chapter 8. Quantum mechanics of spectral transitions; Chapter 9. The many-electron atom; Chapter 10. Quantum collisions; Chapter 11. Introduction to entanglement and quantum computing; Appendix A. Role of symmetry in atomic physics; Appendix B. Schrödinger, Heisenberg and Dirac 'pictures' of quantum dynamics; Appendix C. Spherical harmonics; Appendix D. Occupation number formalism: second quantization; Appendix E. Electron structure studies with qubits; Index.

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Book SynopsisUp to date and comprehensive in its coverage, Neutrinos in Particle Physics, Astrophysics and Cosmology reviews the whole landscape of neutrino physics, from state-of-the-art experiments to the latest phenomenological and theoretical developments to future advances.With contributions from internationally recognized leaders in the field, the book covers the basics of the standard model and neutrino phenomenology. It also discusses Big Bang cosmology, neutrino astrophysics, CP violation, leptogenesis, and solar neutrino physics, including the standard solar model. The contributors present experimental aspects of accelerator and reactor neutrino experiments as well as nuclear physics experiments that deal with neutrinoless double beta decay and tritium decay. They also focus on neutrino detectors, neutrino beams, and the neutrino factory.Drawn from the lectures of the Scottish Universities Summer SchooTable of ContentsNEUTRINOS IN THE STANDARD MODEL AND BEYOND: The Standard Model of Particle Physics. Neutrino Oscillation Phenomenology. Neutrino Interactions. Models of Neutrino Masses and Mixings. NEUTRINOS IN ASTROPHISICS: Standard Solar Models. Solar Neutrino Experiments—Results and Prospects. Neutrinos and Stars. EXPERIMENTAL NEUTRINO PHYSICS: Accelerator-Based Neutrino Oscillation Experiments. Neutrino Oscillation Studies with Atmospheric Neutrinos. Neutrino Experiments with Reactors. Absolute Neutrino Mass Measurements. Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay. Superbeams, Beta Beam, and Neutrino Factory. NEUTRINOS IN COSMOLOGY: Leptogenesis: Standard Model and Alternatives. Cosmological Aspects of Neutrino Physics. Index.

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Book SynopsisWith the constant emergence of new research and application possibilities, gaseous electronics is more important than ever in disciplines including engineering (electrical, power, mechanical, electronics, and environmental), physics, and electronics. The first resource of its kind, Gaseous Electronics: Tables, Atoms, and Molecules fulfills the author's vision of a stand-alone reference to condense 100 years of research on electron-neutral collision data into one easily searchable volume. It presents mostif not allof the properly classified experimental results that scientists, researchers, and students require for a theoretical and practical understanding of collision properties and their impact.An unprecedented collection and analysis of electron neutral collision propertiesThis book follows a new user-friendly format that enables readers to easily retrieve, analyze, and apply specific atomic/molecular informatiTrade Review"Readers working in the areas of plasma processing or plasma/arc related technology will find this book a useful reference source for values of various plasma parameters. … a very useful reference book for hard-to-find information on gaseous electronic parameters."—IEEE Electrical Insulation MagazineTable of ContentsSingle atom. 2 atoms. 3 atoms. 4 atoms. 5 atoms. 6 atoms. 7 atoms. 8 atoms. 9 atoms. 10 atoms. 11 atoms. 12 atoms. More than 12 atoms. Gas mixtures.

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Book Synopsis1. Introduction.- 2. Charged Particle Motion in Constant and Uniform Electromagnetic Fields.- 3. Charged Particle Motion in Nonuniform Magnetostatic Fields.- 4. Charged Particle Motion in Time-Varying Electromagnetic Fields.- 5. Elements of Plasma Kinetic Theory.- 6. Average Values and Macroscopic Variables.- 7. The Equilibrium State.- 8. Macroscopic Transport Equations.- 9. Macroscopic Equations for a Conducting Fluid.- 10. Plasma Conductivity and Diffusion.- 11. Some Basic Plasma Phenomena.- 12. Simple Applications of Magnetohydrodynamics.- 13. The Pinch Effect.- 14. Electromagnetic Waves in Free Space.- 15. Magnetohydrodynamic Waves.- 16. Waves in Cold Plasmas.- 17. Waves in Warm Plasmas.- 18. Waves in Hot Isotropic Plasmas.- 19. Waves in Hot Magnetized Plasmas.- 20. Particle Interactions in Plasmas.- 21. The Boltzmann and the Fokker-Planck Equations.- 22. Transport Processes in Plasmas.- Appendix A Useful Vector Relations.- Appendix B Useful Relations in Cartesian and in CurvilineaTrade ReviewFrom the reviews of the third edition: "This is an excellent introductory textbook of plasma physics, especially recommendable to those starting the study of the subject. … the book is an immense monography of 678 pages. Our impressions are good … ." (Iván Abonyi, Zentralblatt MATH, Vol. 1084, 2006)Table of ContentsCONTENTS 1. General Properties of Plasmas 1.1 Definition of a Plasma 1.2 Plasma as the Fourth State of Matter 1.3 Plasma Production 1.4 Particle Interactions and Collective Effects 1.5 Some Basic Plasma Phenomena 2. Criteria for the De.nition of a Plasma 2.1 Macroscopic Neutrality 2.2 Debye Shielding 2.3 The Plasma Frequency 3. The Occurrence of Plasmas in Nature 3.1 The Sun and its Atmosphere 3.2 The Solar Wind 3.3 The Magnetosphere and the Van Allen Radiation Belts 3.4 The Ionosphere 3.5 Plasmas Beyond the Solar System 4. Applications of Plasma Physics 4.1 Controlled Thermonuclear Fusion 4.2 The Magnetohydrodynamic Generator 4.3 Plasma Propulsion 4.4 Other Plasma Devices 5. Theoretical Description of Plasma Phenomena 5.1 General Considerations on a Self-Consistent Formulation 5.2 Theoretical Approaches Problems 1. Introduction 2. Energy Conservation 3. Uniform Electrostatic Field 4. Uniform Magnetostatic Field 4.1 Formal Solution of the Equation of Motion 4.2 Solution in Cartesian Coordinates 4.3 Magnetic Moment 4.4 Magnetization Current 5. Uniform Electrostatic and Magnetostatic Fields 5.1 Formal Solution of the Equation of Motion 5.2 Solution in Cartesian Coordinates 6. Drift Due to an External Force Problems 1. Introduction 2. Spatial Variation of the Magnetic Field 2.1 Divergence Terms 2.2 Gradient and Curvature Terms 2.3 Shear Terms 3. Equation of Motion in the First Order Approximation 4. Average Force Over One Gyration Period 4.1 Parallel Force 4.2 Perpendicular Force 4.3 Total Average Force 5. Gradient Drift 6. Parallel Acceleration of the Guiding Center 6.1 Invariance of the Orbital Magnetic Moment and of the Magnetic Flux 6.2 Magnetic Mirror Effect 6.3 The Longitudinal Adiabatic Invariant 7. Curvature Drift 8. Combined Gradient-Curvature Drift Problems 1. Introduction 2. Slowly Time-Varying Electric Field 2.1 Equation of Motion and Polarization Drift 2.2 Plasma Dielectric Constant 3. Electric Field with Arbitrary Time Variation 3.1 Solution of the Equation of Motion 3.2 Physical Interpretation 3.3 Mobility Dyad 3.4 Plasma Conductivity Dyad 3.5 Cyclotron Resonance 4. Time-Varying Magnetic Field and Space-Varying Electric Field 4.1 Equation of Motion and Adiabatic Invariants 4.2 Magnetic Heating of a Plasma 5. Summary of Guiding Center Drifts and Current Densities 5.1 Guiding Center Drifts 5.2 Current Densities Problems 1. Introduction 2. Phase Space 2.1 Single-Particle Phase Space 2.2 Many-Particle Phase Space 2.3 Volume Elements 3. Distribution Function 4. Number Density and Average Velocity 5. The Boltzmann Equation 5.1 Colisionless Boltzmann Equation 5.2 Jacobian of the Transformation in Phase Space 5.3 E.ects of Particle Interactions 6. Relaxation Model for the Collision Term 7. The Vlasov Equation Problems 1. Average Value of a Physical Quantity 2. Average Velocity and Peculiar Velocity 3. Flux 4. Particle Current Density 5. Momentum Flow Dyad or Tensor 6. Pressure Dyad or Tensor 6.1 Concept of Pressure 6.2 Force per Unit Area 6.3 Force per Unit Volume 6.4 Scalar Pressure and Absolute Temperature 7. Heat Flow Vector 8. Heat Flow Triad 9. Total Energy Flux Triad 10. Higher Moments of the Distribution Function Problems 1. The Equilibrium State Distribution Function 1.1 The General Principle of Detailed Balance and Binary Collisions 1.2 Summation Invariants 1.3 Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution Function 1.4 Determination of the Constant Coe.cients 1.5 Local Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution Function 2. The Most Probable Distribution 3. M

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Book Synopsis1. Introduction.- 2. Single-Particle Motions.- 3. Plasmas as Fluids.- 4. Waves in Plasmas.- 5. Diffusion and Resistivity.- 6. Equilibrium and Stability.- 7. Kinetic Theory.- 8. Nonlinear Effects.- Appendices.- Appendix A. Units, Constants and Formulas, Vector Relations.- Appendix B. Theory of Waves in a Cold Uniform Plasma.- Appendix C. Sample Three-Hour Final Exam.- Appendix D. Answers to Some Problems.- Index to Problems.Table of Contents1. Introduction.- 2. Single-Particle Motions.- 3. Plasmas as Fluids.- 4. Waves in Plasmas.- 5. Diffusion and Resistivity.- 6. Equilibrium and Stability.- 7. Kinetic Theory.- 8. Nonlinear Effects.- Appendices.- Appendix A. Units, Constants and Formulas, Vector Relations.- Appendix B. Theory of Waves in a Cold Uniform Plasma.- Appendix C. Sample Three-Hour Final Exam.- Appendix D. Answers to Some Problems.- Index to Problems.

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Book Synopsis“A thrilling, intense, and disturbing account of the atomic era, from the discovery of X-rays to the tragic meltdown of Japan’s Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant…Rich with powerful images and fraught with drama” (The Christian Science Monitor).When Marie Curie, Enrico Fermi, and Edward Teller forged the science of radioactivity, they began a revolution that ran from the nineteenth century through the course of World War II and the Cold War to our current confrontation with the dangers of nuclear power and proliferation. While nuclear science improves our lives, radiation’s invisible powers can trigger cancer and cellular mayhem. Writing with a biographer’s passion, New York Times bestselling author Craig Nelson unlocks one of the great mysteries of the universe. In The Age of Radiance, Nelson illuminates a pageant of fascinating historical figures: Albert Einstein, Niels Bohr, J. Robert Oppenheimer,

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Book SynopsisThe Monte Carlo method has become the de facto standard in radiation transport. Although powerful, if not understood and used appropriately, the method can give misleading results. Monte Carlo Methods for Particle Transport teaches appropriate use of the Monte Carlo method, explaining the methodâs fundamental concepts as well as its limitations. Concise yet comprehensive, this well-organized text: Introduces the particle importance equation and its use for variance reduction Describes general and particle-transport-specific variance reduction techniques Presents particle transport eigenvalue issues and methodologies to address these issues Explores advanced formulations based on the authorâs research activities Discusses parallel processing concepts and factors affecting parallel performance Featuring illustrative examples, mathematical derivations, computer algorithms, and homework problems, Monte Carlo Methods for Particle Transport provides graduate students and nuclear engineers and scientists with a practical guide to the application of the Monte Carlo method.

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