Astrophysics Books

Book SynopsisThis textbook for upper-level undergraduate and graduate students in astronomy aims to develop a physical understanding of the fundamental principles that dictate stellar properties. Focusing on key physical processes without going into encyclopedic depth, the authors explain the life cycle of stars in a broad contemporary context.Trade Review'Pinsonneault and Ryden's book is a very welcome addition to the field of stellar evolution at a level appropriate to advanced undergraduate- or graduate-level study, since it manages to provide a clear, comprehensive overview of topics, without being intimidating in size or style. The textbook includes up-to-date results from contemporary missions such as Gaia and Kepler, with the final chapters discussing stellar rotation, pulsations, and binary evolution in depth. Most chapters include a few well-designed exercises, with a research-level reading list provided after the appendix. I would highly recommend it for Master's-level courses on stellar structure and evolution.' Paul Crowther, University of Sheffield'This text is a welcome addition to the pantheon of monographs and textbooks explaining the physical basics of stellar structure and evolution. Aimed primarily at an audience learning the material for the first time, this text explains the phases of the life of a star through a clear application of physical principles. Weaving together classical fluids, quantum mechanics, thermodynamics, and nuclear physics, it enables students and their instructors to gain the physical intuition needed for the study of stars in this time of their observational renaissance.' Lars Bildsten, University of California, Santa Barbara'This is a welcome addition to the literature, providing a comprehensive overview of stellar structure and evolution, and including insights from the latest data, techniques, and results.' William Chaplin, University of BirminghamTable of ContentsPreface; 1. Properties of stars; 2. Equations of stellar structure; 3. Equations of state; 4. Stellar energy transport; 5. Stars as fusion reactors; 6. Main sequence stars; 7. Star formation: before the main sequence; 8. Evolved stars: after the main sequence; 9. Ex-stars; 10. Rotating stars; 11. Pulsating stars; 12. Binary stars; Appendices; Bibliography, references, and figure credits; Index.

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Book SynopsisThis book presents a study of the various feelings of awe and wonder experienced by astronauts during space flight. It summarizes the results of two experimental, interdisciplinary studies that employ methods from neuroscience, psychology, phenomenology and simulation technology, and it argues for a non-reductionist approach to cognitive science.Table of ContentsChapter 1. Introduction: How to study subjective experiences PART I: STUDYING AWE AND WONDER Chapter 2: Hermeneutical explorations Chapter 3: Awe and wonder in a simulated space flight: Experiment 1 Chapter 4: Neurophenomenology and simulation: Philosophical ground control and a sharpening of our tools Chapter 5: Redesigning Plato's cave: Experiment 2 PART II: INSIGHTS AND EXTENSIONS Chapter 6: The phenomenology of unprecedented experience: Ontological and cognitive wonder Chapter 7: Science and science fiction: How popular culture shapes our expectations about space Chapter 8: The very idea of non-reductionist science

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Book SynopsisCovers the areas in the physics of the solar system, with emphasis on gravitational dynamics. This work's gist is the rational, in particular mathematical, understanding of the main processes at work. It focusses on the variety of objects in the planetary system and their long-term evolution.

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Book SynopsisThe Big Picture.- A Survey of Space and Time.- A Summary of Physics.- The Cosmic Expansion.- Cosmic Background Radiation.- Primordial Matter.- The Formation of Structure.- The Beginning.- The Future.Trade ReviewFrom the reviews: "The explosion of data and theory in cosmology has led to a profusion of books about modern cosmology written for non-experts. Craig Hogan's cosmic primer ranks among the best: it is a gem." NATURE "… A book for those who already know something about the subject and want to be reminded of how all the jigsaw pieces fit together. And it is a priceless window into the mind of one of the major players in present-day cosmology." New Scientist Table of ContentsThe Big Picture.- A Survey of Space and Time.- A Summary of Physics.- The Cosmic Expansion.- Cosmic Background Radiation.- Primordial Matter.- The Formation of Structure.- The Beginning.- The Future.

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Book SynopsisThis star guide enables amateur astronomers to focus on a class of object, and using an observation list that begins with the easiest object, find and move progressively over a period of months to more difficult targets.Table of ContentsPreface and Thanks.- Chapter 1: Some Background.- Chapter 2: The Stars.- Chapter 3: Star Clusters.- Chapter 4: Nebulae.- Chapter 5: Galaxies.- Chapter 6: Faint, Far Away and Invisible.- Chapter 7: Naked-Eye Objects.- Appendix.- Index of Objects.

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Book Synopsis"How to Observe the Sun Safely, 2nd Edition" gives all the basic information and advice the amateur astronomer needs to get started in observing our own ever-fascinating star.Trade ReviewFrom the book reviews:“In Macdonald’s book the reader finds different methods and a variety of equipment that can be used for observing our nearest star without any damage to their eyesight and also gets ideas on what to do with the observations. … I found the book very useful … . If you’re thinking of starting to observe the Sun, this is a great book to get more information about all the available options.” (Kadri Tinn, AstroMadness.com, September, 2014)Table of ContentsPreface.- Chapter 1: Our Sun.- Chapter 2: Equipment for Observing the Sun.- Chapter 3: What Can We See on the Sun?.- Chapter 4: Solar Position Measurements.- Chapter 5: Measuring Solar Activity.- Chapter 6: Observing the Chromosphere.- Chapter 7: Imaging the Sun with a Digital Camera.- Chapter 8: Webcam Imaging and Image Processing.- Appendix A: Building a Solar Projectin Box.- Appendix B: Equipment Suppliers.- Appendix C: Solar Observing Organizations.- Appendix D: Further Reading.- Index.

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Book SynopsisI General Introduction.- 1. Na??r al-D?n al-?01B6;s?.- 2. The Tadhkira.- II Edition and Translation.- III Commentary Figures.- IV Commentary.- V Critical Apparatus.- VI Appendices and Indices.Table of ContentsI General Introduction.- §1. Na??r al-D?n al-?01B6;s?.- §2. The Tadhkira.- II Edition and Translation.- III Commentary Figures.- IV Commentary.- V Critical Apparatus.- VI Appendices and Indices.

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Book SynopsisLeonhard Euler's Letters to a German Princess: A Milestone in the History of Physics Textbooks and More is a milestone in the history of physics textbooks and the instruction of women in the sciences.It also covers views of its author on epistemology, religion, and innovations in scientific equipment, including telescopes and microscopes. Today, 250 years later, we study this work of Euler's as a foundation for the history of physics teaching and analyze the letters from an historical and pedagogical point of view.Table of Contents Preface Prologue: physics pedagogy Author biographies Physics textbooks: origins before 1650 and principal natural philosophies and physics textbooks of the Enlightenment The two princesses and the Letters Euler: life, research, and teaching Selected letters from Volume 1 (letters 1-79) Selected letters from Volume 2 (letters 80-154) and Volume 3 (letters 155-234) Afterword Selected bibliography Glossary of principal names

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Book SynopsisThis guide provides useful insight for first-time telescope buyers as well as experienced amateurs. It examines the advantages and disadvantages of different types of telescopes, mountings, and accessories-ranging from refractors and reflectors to computer controlled drives and CCD cameras. The author also covers observation techniques, photographic equipment, astronomical software, as well as equipment care and maintenance.Table of Contents1 Fundamentals for Beginners.- Using Low Magnification.- Using High Magnification.- Formulae.- Jargon.- Eyepiece Sizes.- 2 Refractors and Reflectors.- Achromatic Refractors.- Apochromatic Refractors.- Semi-Apochromatic Refractors.- Refractors or Reflectors?.- Newtonian Reflectors.- Long-Focus Newtonians.- Collimation.- Dobsonians.- Buying a Telescope.- Beginners’ Telescopes.- Buyer Beware!.- High-Quality Refractors.- Apochromats for the Connoisseur.- Other Telescope Considerations.- 3 Catadioptrics, Cassegrains and Schmidt-Cassegrains.- Cassegrains.- Schmidt-Cassegrains.- Electronic Drive Control.- Periodic Error Correction.- Autoguiders.- Summary.- Maksutovs.- Schiefspieglers.- 4 Binoculars.- Stands for Binoculars.- Image-Stabilised Binoculars.- 5 Eyepieces.- Magnification.- Lowest Practical Magnification.- Highest Practical Magnification.- Practical Considerations.- Comet Seeking.- Focusing-Tube Diameter.- Real Field Limitations.- Popular Commercial Eyepieces.- High-Definition Eyepieces.- Barlow Lenses.- Eyepiece Projection.- Illuminated-Reticle Eyepieces.- Commercial Guiding Eyepieces.- 6 Telescope Mountings.- The Equatorial Mounting.- Commercial Telescope Mounting Systems.- Fork Mountings.- German Equatorial Mountings.- The Split-Ring Equatorial.- Commercial Drive Systems.- Home-Made Drives and Unusual Mountings.- Electronic Drive Design.- Unusual Mountings.- Poncet Platforms.- Alt-azimuth Field De-Rotators.- 7 Accessories.- Finders.- Unity-Power Finders.- Low-Power Finders.- Guide Telescopes.- Off-Axis Guiders.- Horses for Courses.- Photographic Equipment - Film versus CCD.- Undriven Astrophotography.- Simple Tracking.- Dew.- Film, Meteor-Photography Equipment and Wide-Field Camera Equipment.- Satellite Trails.- Medium-Format Cameras.- Fish-Eye Lenses.- Developing and Printing.- Developing Tanks.- Developing Colour Film.- Black-and-White Printing.- Cold Cameras and Film Hypersensitising.- Camera Interfaces.- Focusers.- Commercial Schmidt-Cassegrain Focusing.- Manual Guiding and Off-Axis Guiders.- Guiding for Comet Photography.- A Comet Marathon.- Coma Correctors.- A Final Word on Focusers.- Filters.- Planetary Filters.- Venus.- Mars.- Jupiter and Saturn.- The Moon.- Deep Sky Filters.- Comet Filters.- Photographic Filters.- Photometric Filters for CCDs.- Schmidt Cameras and Astrographs.- 8 Electronic Imaging and the Electronics Revolution.- CCDs.- The Basics.- Camera Design.- CCDs Compared with Film.- Disadvantages of CCDs.- Image Scale and Pixel Size.- Buying a CCD Camera.- Starlight Xpress.- Colour Imaging.- SBIG and Meade.- Auto-Slewing with a Schmidt-Cassegrain and a CCD Camera.- SBIG Autoguiding.- Other Manufacturers.- Using a CCD Camera.- Understanding and Processing the Digital Image.- A Dark Frame.- Background Brightness.- Flat-Field.- Diffraction Focusers.- Useful Processing Routines.- Unsharp Masking.- Deconvolution.- Median Filters.- Non-Linear Contrast-Stretch.- Image Formats.- Astrometry.- Photometry.- 9 Image Processing, Planetarium and Telescope Control Software.- QMips 1.81 by Christian Buil.- MIRA AL by Axiom.- Hidden Image by Sehgal.- CCD Astrometry.- Paintshop Pro.- Adobe Photoshop.- Printers and Scanners.- Scanning Photographs.- Planetarium Software.- Redshift 2.- The Sky.- Real Sky.- Guide.- Megastar.- Starry Night Deluxe.- NGCView 5.02.- Universe Explorer.- Voyager II.- Comet Explorer.- The Astronomer Software.- Planetarium Telescope Control.- 10 Video Astronomy.- Image Intensifiers.- 11 Observatories.- The Simplest Solution.- Simple Observatories.- If It Can Go Wrong.- Observatory Domes.- 12 Equipment for Observing the Sun.- Eyepiece Projection.- Direct Solar Observation.- Observing in White Light.- Solar Filters: Inconel.- Solar Filters: Mylar.- Seeing.- Hydrogen-Alpha Equipment.- Viewing Eclipses.- 13 Star Atlases and Deep Sky Atlases.- Appendix 1 Dealers, Bibliography and URLs.- Equipment Suppliers.- Quality Binocular Mounting Suppliers.- Societies Worth Joining.- Internet URLs.- Books.- Appendix 2 Photographic and Visual Magnitude Limits.

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Book SynopsisAstronomers and students interested in studying the Sun require a thorough understanding of the proper techniques and equipment. Safety precautions are paramount, as the intensity of the heat and light can instantly blind the untrained observer. In this book, Kitchin provides all the information needed for safe observation as well as novel techniques that will make solar observation a rewarding experience.Trade ReviewFrom the reviews: "This book is part of a series aimed at the newcomer to astronomy. In many respects the author fulfills this aim very well … . The book is well illustrated with drawings and photographs – over 30 of which are in colour. … If … you are keen on becoming a solar observer, make a space on your bookshelf for this book. Or if, like me, you are established in solar observing, keep it as a reference for when you take up CCD imaging … ." (Brian Halls, Astronomy Now, April, 2002) "This book forms part of Patrick Moore’s Practical Astronomy Series … . it discusses the safety precautions that need to be taken in such a way as to be informative and not to scare someone from making solar observations. … The book also gives sufficient information for someone, for example, to attempt taking photographs or CCD images of the Sun. … I think this book will encourage amateur astronomers to take up solar observing … ." (Peter Meadows, The Astronomer, Vol. 38 (450), 2001) "This book deserves to be in every observational astronomer’s possession. In just over 200 pages, excellent and clear descriptions, advice on solar observing methods – most of them within the reach of amateur astronomers – are given. … The many illustrations and diagrams are all relevant and well chosen, as are the (not too many!) equations. … This book is wonderful value and should encourage all amateur astronomers to observe our nearest star. A nice, warm welcome to this book." (Richard Bailey, Popular Astronomy, October, 2001)Table of Contents1 The Sun — What to See and Why.- Beginnings.- Sunspots.- Sunspot Cycle.- Limb Darkening, Granulation and Faculae.- Limb Darkening.- Granulation.- Faculae.- Narrow Band Observations.- Chromospheric Network.- Prominences and Filaments.- Flares.- Eclipses.- 2 General Telescopic Observing Techniques.- Full Aperture Filters.- Filter Basics.- Telescope Basics.- Full Aperture Solar Filters.- Projection.- Telescopes.- Binoculars.- Other Approaches.- Reflection.- Solar Diagonals.- Sextants.- Optimising Your Telescope.- Diffraction.- Aberration.- Optics.- Seeing.- Stray Light.- 3 White Light Observing.- Sunspots.- Limb Darkening.- Granulation.- Faculae.- 4 Recording Your Observations.- Drawing.- Photography.- Projected Images.- Full Aperture Filters.- Magnified Imaging.- Conventional Cameras.- CCD Cameras.- Image Processing.- Data Reduction.- Image Enhancement.- Video Cameras.- 5 Observing Programmes.- The Sunspot Cycle.- Active Regions.- Solar Rotation.- 6 Unaided Observations.- Projected Images.- Filters.- Full Aperture Filters.- Welder’s Goggles.- 7 Eclipses.- Eclipses.- Eclipse Expeditions.- Naked Eye Observing.- Binoculars and Telescopes.- Visual Observations.- Imaging.- Photographic and Digital Cameras.- Astronomical CCD Cameras.- Video Cameras.- Shadow Band Imaging.- Observing Programme.- Specialist Instrumentation.- Radial Density Filters.- Slitless Spectroscopes.- Transits.- 8 Specialist Instruments.- Narrow Band Filters.- H? Filters.- Lyot Monochromators.- Spectroscopy.- A Spectroscope.- Prominence Spectroscope.- Spectrohelioscope.- Coronagraph.- Solar Telescopes.- 9 Radio Telescopes.- 10 The Limits of Solar Observation.- Magnetic Fields.- Spacecraft.- Solar Oscillations.- Solar Image Gallery.- Appendix 1 Bibliography.- Appendix 2 Equipment Suppliers.- Appendix 3 Web Sites Relating to the Sun.

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Book SynopsisAs humanity expands its presence into space and ultimately settles beyond earth permanently, what freedoms can people expect? On the one hand space offers an escape from the traditions and entrenched patterns on Earth. On the other hand, how can you be free when the air you breathe comes from a manufacturing process controlled by someone else? In four essays, Charles Cockell explores the nature of extra-terrestrial liberty, one of the most pressing discussions in the future of political philosophy. Charles Cockell is Professor of Astrobiology at the University of Edinburgh. He has previously worked at the British Antarctic Survey and NASA and is Director of the UK Centre for Astrobiology.

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Book SynopsisDescribes the branch of astronomy in which processes in the universe are investigated with experimental methods employed in particle-physics experiments. After a historical introduction the basics of elementary particles, Explains particle interactions and the relevant detection techniques, while modern aspects of astroparticle physics are described in a chapter on cosmology. Provides an orientation in the field of astroparticle physics that many beginners might seek and appreciate because the underlying physics fundamentals are presented with little mathematics, and the results are illustrated by many diagrams. Readers have a chance to enter this field of astronomy with a book that closes the gap between expert and popular level.Table of ContentsHistorical Introduction.- The Standard Model of Elementary Particles.- Kinematics and Cross Sections.- Physics of Particle and Radiation Detection.- Acceleration Mechanisms.- Primary Cosmic Rays.- Secondary Cosmic Rays.- Cosmology.- The Early Universe.- Big Bang Nucleosynthesis.- The Cosmic Microwave Background.- Inflation.- Dark Matter.- Astrobiology.- Gravitational Waves.- Neutrino Astronomy.- Extrasolar Planets.- Outlook.- Glossary.- Solutions.- Appendices.- Index.

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Book SynopsisThe observational component of astronomy is an exciting and vital part of any astrophysics degree. With the advent of low-cost astronomical cameras and remote and robotic operation, more students than ever have the opportunity to observe and perform observatory research. This updated and fully corrected textbook provides a comprehensive overview of practical observing techniques for undergraduate astrophysics courses. The chapters introduce students to the basics of the field before delving into telescope types, the nature and operation of the astronomical camera, imaging techniques and reduction, photometry and spectrography, and solar and radio observations.The second edition covers the latest research on calibrating the telescope-camera-observatory system. It contains revised information on all available astronomy equipment, including filters, webcams, sensors, and telescope designs. Also included is an entirely new chapter on exoplanet transit measurements. The textbook’s practical approach will guide readers from basic first-year techniques to those required for a final-year project.Trade Review“It is excellent, and its breadth of coverage is laudable. I would recommend it to undergraduate students and amateur astronomers … .” (John Southworth, The Observatory, Vol. 141 (1282), June, 2021)Table of Contents

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Book SynopsisOffers an accessible text and reference (a cosmic-ray manual) for graduate students entering the field and high-energy astrophysicists will find this an accessible cosmic-ray manual Easy to read for the general astronomer, the first part describes the standard model of cosmic rays based on our understanding of modern particle physics. Presents the acceleration scenario in some detail in supernovae explosions as well as in the passage of cosmic rays through the Galaxy. Compares experimental data in the atmosphere as well as underground are compared with theoretical modelsTable of Contents Overview Part I:The Standard Model of Cosmic Rays.- Cosmic ray interactions.- The birth of cosmic rays.- Cosmic rays in the Galaxy.- Cosmic rays at the top of the atmosphere.- Cosmic rays in the atmosphere.- Cosmic rays underground.- Part II Contemporary Challenges.- Cosmic ray showers.- The end of the cosmic ray spectrum.- High energy neutrino and gamma-ray astronomy. Appendix References Index

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Book SynopsisThis book deals with the interdisciplinary areas of nuclear physics, supernovae and neutron star physics. It addresses the physics and astrophysics of the spectacular supernova explosions, starting with the collapse of massive stars and ending with the birth of neutron stars or black holes. Recent progress in the understanding of core collapse supernova (CCSN) and observational aspects of future detections of neutrinos from CCSN explosions are discussed. The other main focus in this text is the novel phases of dense nuclear matter, its compositions and equation of state (EoS) from low to very high baryon density relevant to supernovae and neutron stars. The multi-messenger astrophysics of binary neutron star merger GW170817 and its relation to EoS through tidal deformability are also presented in detail. The synthesis of elements heavier than iron in the supernova and neutron star environment by the rapid (r)-process are treated here with special emphasis on the nucleosynthesis in the ejected material from GW170817. This monograph is written for graduate students and researchers in the field of nuclear astrophysics.Table of ContentsPREFACE1. INTRODUCTION 2. THEORY OF SUPERNOVA EXPLOSIONS 2.1 Overview- historical 2.2 Supernova Type Ia 2.3 Gravitational collapse and pre-supernova conditions 2.4 Production of neutrinos and their emission 2.5 Shock wave formation and its eventual stalling 2.6 The revival of the shock wave- the neutrino mechanism 2.7 Multi-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations and the present scenario 2.8 The supernova SN1987A 2.9 Detection of neutrinos from future supernova events 3. NEUTRON STARS 3.1 History and discovery of neutron stars 3.2 Observational Constraints on neutron stars 3.3 Compositions and novel phases of neutron stars - crust to core 3.4 Equation of State (EoS) models of neutron star matter 3.5 Relativistic field theoretical models for dense matter at zero and finite temperatures 3.6 Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff Equation and Structures of neutron stars 3.7 A stable branch of compact stars beyond neutron star 3.8 Rotating neutron stars, moment of inertia (I) and quadrupole moment (Q) 3.9 Neutron star matter in strongly quantizing magnetic fields 3.10 EoS tables for supernova and binary neutron star merger simulations 4. BINARY NEUTRON STAR MERGERS 4.1 Gravitational waves as new window into neutron stars 4.2 First binary neutron star (BNS) merger GW170817 and multi-messenger astrophysics 4.3 Tidal deformability, LOVE number and EoS 4.4 I-Love-Q universal relations 4.5 Late inspiral phase of BNS merger, tidal deformability and cold EoS 4.6 Neutron Star radius determination from tidal deformability 4.7 Hot and neutrino trapped merger remnant and finite temperature EoS 5. SYNTHESIS OF HEAVY ELEMENTS IN THE UNIVERSE 5.1 s-, r- and p-processes 5.2 Conditions for production of elements by r- process and the sites 5.3 Electromagnetic counterpart of GW170817 and ejected matter in BNS merger 5.4 Decompression of ejected neutron rich matter in Lattimer and Schramm model 5.5 Kilonova model 5.6 Heavy element synthesis in neutron rich matter ejected in GW170817 INDEX BIBLIOGRAPHY (eventually at chapter-ends)

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Book SynopsisThis book deals with the interdisciplinary areas of nuclear physics, supernovae and neutron star physics. It addresses the physics and astrophysics of the spectacular supernova explosions, starting with the collapse of massive stars and ending with the birth of neutron stars or black holes. Recent progress in the understanding of core collapse supernova (CCSN) and observational aspects of future detections of neutrinos from CCSN explosions are discussed. The other main focus in this text is the novel phases of dense nuclear matter, its compositions and equation of state (EoS) from low to very high baryon density relevant to supernovae and neutron stars. The multi-messenger astrophysics of binary neutron star merger GW170817 and its relation to EoS through tidal deformability are also presented in detail. The synthesis of elements heavier than iron in the supernova and neutron star environment by the rapid (r)-process are treated here with special emphasis on the nucleosynthesis in the ejected material from GW170817. This monograph is written for graduate students and researchers in the field of nuclear astrophysics.Table of ContentsPREFACE1. INTRODUCTION 2. THEORY OF SUPERNOVA EXPLOSIONS 2.1 Overview- historical 2.2 Supernova Type Ia 2.3 Gravitational collapse and pre-supernova conditions 2.4 Production of neutrinos and their emission 2.5 Shock wave formation and its eventual stalling 2.6 The revival of the shock wave- the neutrino mechanism 2.7 Multi-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations and the present scenario 2.8 The supernova SN1987A 2.9 Detection of neutrinos from future supernova events 3. NEUTRON STARS 3.1 History and discovery of neutron stars 3.2 Observational Constraints on neutron stars 3.3 Compositions and novel phases of neutron stars - crust to core 3.4 Equation of State (EoS) models of neutron star matter 3.5 Relativistic field theoretical models for dense matter at zero and finite temperatures 3.6 Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff Equation and Structures of neutron stars 3.7 A stable branch of compact stars beyond neutron star 3.8 Rotating neutron stars, moment of inertia (I) and quadrupole moment (Q) 3.9 Neutron star matter in strongly quantizing magnetic fields 3.10 EoS tables for supernova and binary neutron star merger simulations 4. BINARY NEUTRON STAR MERGERS 4.1 Gravitational waves as new window into neutron stars 4.2 First binary neutron star (BNS) merger GW170817 and multi-messenger astrophysics 4.3 Tidal deformability, LOVE number and EoS 4.4 I-Love-Q universal relations 4.5 Late inspiral phase of BNS merger, tidal deformability and cold EoS 4.6 Neutron Star radius determination from tidal deformability 4.7 Hot and neutrino trapped merger remnant and finite temperature EoS 5. SYNTHESIS OF HEAVY ELEMENTS IN THE UNIVERSE 5.1 s-, r- and p-processes 5.2 Conditions for production of elements by r- process and the sites 5.3 Electromagnetic counterpart of GW170817 and ejected matter in BNS merger 5.4 Decompression of ejected neutron rich matter in Lattimer and Schramm model 5.5 Kilonova model 5.6 Heavy element synthesis in neutron rich matter ejected in GW170817 INDEX BIBLIOGRAPHY (eventually at chapter-ends)

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Book Synopsis1 Introduction.- 2 Data.- 3 Methods.- 4 Results and Discussion.- 5 Conclusions.

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Book SynopsisThe raw numbers of high-energy-density physics are amazing: shock waves at hundreds of km/s (approaching a million km per hour), temperatures of millions of degrees, and pressures that exceed 100 million atmospheres. This title surveys the production of high-energy-density conditions, the fundamental plasma and hydrodynamic models that can describe them and the problem of scaling from the laboratory to the cosmos. Connections to astrophysics are discussed throughout. The book is intended to support coursework in high-energy-density physics, to meet the needs of new researchers in this field, and also to serve as a useful reference on the fundamentals. Specifically the book has been designed to enable academics in physics, astrophysics, applied physics and engineering departments to provide in a single-course, an introduction to fluid mechanics and radiative transfer, with dramatic applications in the field of high-energy-density systems. This second edition includes pedagogic improvements to the presentation throughout and additional material on equations of state, heat waves, and ionization fronts, as well as problem sets accompanied by solutions.Table of ContentsIntroduction to High-Energy-Density Physics.- Descriptions of Fluids and Plasmas.- Properties of High-Energy-Density Plasmas.- Shocks and Rarefactions.- Hydrodynamic Instabilities.- Radiative Transfer.- Radiation Hydrodynamics.- Creating High-Energy-Density Conditions.- Inertial Confinement Fusion.- Experimental Astrophysics.- Relativistic High-Energy-Density Systems.- Appendix A: Constants, Acronyms, and Standard Variables.- Appendix B: Sample Mathematica Code.- Appendix C: List of the Homework Problems and Solutions to Selected Problems.

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Book SynopsisThe raw numbers of high-energy-density physics are amazing: shock waves at hundreds of km/s (approaching a million km per hour), temperatures of millions of degrees, and pressures that exceed 100 million atmospheres. This title surveys the production of high-energy-density conditions, the fundamental plasma and hydrodynamic models that can describe them and the problem of scaling from the laboratory to the cosmos. Connections to astrophysics are discussed throughout. The book is intended to support coursework in high-energy-density physics, to meet the needs of new researchers in this field, and also to serve as a useful reference on the fundamentals. Specifically the book has been designed to enable academics in physics, astrophysics, applied physics and engineering departments to provide in a single-course, an introduction to fluid mechanics and radiative transfer, with dramatic applications in the field of high-energy-density systems. This second edition includes pedagogic improvements to the presentation throughout and additional material on equations of state, heat waves, and ionization fronts, as well as problem sets accompanied by solutions.Table of ContentsIntroduction to High-Energy-Density Physics.- Descriptions of Fluids and Plasmas.- Properties of High-Energy-Density Plasmas.- Shocks and Rarefactions.- Hydrodynamic Instabilities.- Radiative Transfer.- Radiation Hydrodynamics.- Creating High-Energy-Density Conditions.- Inertial Confinement Fusion.- Experimental Astrophysics.- Relativistic High-Energy-Density Systems.- Appendix A: Constants, Acronyms, and Standard Variables.- Appendix B: Sample Mathematica Code.- Appendix C: List of the Homework Problems and Solutions to Selected Problems.

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Book SynopsisDescribes the branch of astronomy in which processes in the universe are investigated with experimental methods employed in particle-physics experiments. After a historical introduction the basics of elementary particles, Explains particle interactions and the relevant detection techniques, while modern aspects of astroparticle physics are described in a chapter on cosmology. Provides an orientation in the field of astroparticle physics that many beginners might seek and appreciate because the underlying physics fundamentals are presented with little mathematics, and the results are illustrated by many diagrams. Readers have a chance to enter this field of astronomy with a book that closes the gap between expert and popular level.Trade ReviewFrom the reviews: "In astroparticle physics techniques known from particle physics experiments are applied to investigate the universe … . Grupen presents an introduction and overview of the main ideas and concepts of this rapidly growing field of research. Written in a very clear and readable fashion it is accessible to a broad audience. … is enriched with many diagrams and illustrations, increasing the readability of the text. … Grupen’s book is really a must-have for anyone looking for a good starting point in … astroparticle physics." (Michael Tytgat, Physicalia, Vol. 28 (4-6), 2006) "Astroparticle Physics is a timely attempt to describe the status of a booming field at the interface of astrophysics, particle physics, and cosmology that has produced so many exciting results over the past few years. The format of the book, with the wide margin for keywords and figures, the extensive glossary, and the problems for each section (with detailed solutions), make it very readable and provide a good starting point for undergraduate and postgraduate students interested in astroparticle physics." (Johannes Knapp, The Observatory, Vol. 126 (1192), 2006) "This book … covers a wide range and requires a good grounding in modern physics to be useful. … Included are a mathematical appendix and an appendix on the results from statistical physics necessary to understand the thermodynamics of the early universe. These additions make the book a good introduction to this rapidly moving subject. Each chapter offers problems with solutions, and a 26-page comprehensive index and references are included. A very useful book for the right reader. Summing Up: Recommended." (K. W. Ogilvie, CHOICE, March, 2006) "Claus Grupen provides a comprehensive and up-to-date introduction to the main ideas and terminology of the study of elementary particles originating from astrophysical objects. … The style and presentation of the material make the book accessible to a broad audience … . A good selection of simple exercises with solution increases its pedagogical value and makes it suitable as a textbook for an undergraduate course. Non-specialists who want to follow the main issues of current research in the field … also benefit from Grupen’s book." (Marcello Lissia, CERN Courier, Vol. 46 (1), 2006) "In the present context, Astroparticle Physics consists of the studies of charged cosmic rays, neutrinos, gamma rays, X-rays and cosmology. … The index is magnificent and there is a good, relevant, mathematical appendix plus a glossary of terms which is actually useful. Best of all, there are worthwhile problems at the end of each chapter, complete with full solutions at the end of the book. … this is a well written, well produced, text for a new field at a reasonable price." (Roger Clay, Australian Physics, Vol. 42 (5), 2005)Table of ContentsHistorical Introduction.- The Standard Model of Elementary Particles.- Kinematics and Cross Sections.- Physics of Particle and Radiation Detection.- Acceleration Mechanisms.- Primary Cosmic Rays.- Secondary Cosmic Rays.- Cosmology.- The Early Universe.- Big Bang Nucleosynthesis.- The Cosmic Microwave Background.- Inflation.- Dark Matter.- Astrobiology.- Outlook.- Solutions.

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Book SynopsisA thorough introduction to solar physics based on recent spacecraft observations. The author introduces the solar corona and sets it in the context of basic plasma physics before moving on to discuss plasma instabilities and plasma heating processes. The latest results on coronal heating and radiation are presented. Spectacular phenomena such as solar flares and coronal mass ejections are described in detail, together with their potential effects on the Earth. Table of ContentsThermal Radiation.- Hydrostatics.- Hydrodynamics.- Magnetic Fields.- Magneto-Hydrodynamics (MHD).- MHD Oscillations.- Propagating MHD Waves.- Coronal Heating.- Magnetic Reconnection.- Particle Acceleration.- Particle Kinematics.- Hard X-Rays.- Gamma-Rays.- Radio Emission.- Flare Plasma Dynamics.- Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs).

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