Archaeology Books

Book SynopsisTrends and Turning Points presents sixteen articles, examining the discursive construction of the late antique and Byzantine world, focusing specifically on the utilisation of trends and turning points to make stuff from the past, whether texts, matter, or action, meaningful. Contributions are divided into four complementary strands, Scholarly Constructions, Literary Trends, Constructing Politics, and Turning Points in Religious Landscapes. Each strand cuts across traditional disciplinary boundaries and periodisation, placing historical, archaeological, literary, and architectural concerns in discourse, whilst drawing on examples from the full range of the medieval Roman past. While its individual articles offer numerous important insights, together the volume collectively rethinks fundamental assumptions about how late antique and Byzantine studies has and continues to be discursively constructed. Contributors are: David Barritt, Laura Borghetti, Nikolas Churik, Elif Demirtiken, Alasdair C. Grant, Stephen Humphreys, Mirela Ivanova, Hugh Jeffery, Valeria Flavia Lovato, Francesco Lovino, Kosuke Nakada, Jonas Nilsson, Theresia Raum, Maria Rukavichnikova, and Milan Vukašinović.Table of ContentsAcknowledgements List of Illustrations Notes on Contributors Part 1: Scholarly Constructions 1 Constructing Late Antiquity and Byzantium: Introducing Trends and Turning Points  Matthew Kinloch 2 Constructing the Past through the Present: The Eurasian View of Byzantium in the Pages of Seminarium Kondakovianum  Francesco Lovino Part 2: Literary Trends 3 The Power of the Cross: The Role of the Helper in Kassia’s Hymns’ Narratological Structure and Its Doctrinal Implications  Laura Borghetti 4 Tzetzes, Eustathius, and the ‘city-sacker’ Epeius: Trends and Turning Points in the 12th-century Reception of Homer  Valeria Flavia Lovato 5 Greek Explicating Greek: A Study of Metaphrase Language and Style  Nikolas Churik 6 Doing and Telling Administration and Diplomacy: Speech Acts in the 13th-Century Balkans  Milan Vukašinović 7 Laughing up the Sleeve: The Image of the Emperor and Ironic Discourse in George Pachymeres’ Historia  Maria Rukavichnikova Part 3: Constructing Politics 8 The Roman Revolution: Leo I, Theodosius II and the Contest for Power in the 5th Century  David Barritt 9 The Reinvention of the Soldier-Emperor under Heraclius  Theresia Raum 10 Omens of Expansionism? Revisiting the Caucasian Chapters of De Administrando Imperio  Kosuke Nakada 11 The Madara Horseman and Triumphal Inscriptions in Krum’s Early Medieval Bulgaria (c.803–14)  Mirela Ivanova 12 The Emperor is for Turning: Alexios Komnenos, John the Oxite and the Persecution of Heretics  Jonas Nilsson Part 4: Turning Points in Religious Landscapes 13 Eight Hundred Years of the Cult of the Archangels at Aphrodisias/Stauropolis: Modern and Ancient Narratives  Hugh Jeffery 14 Crosses as Water Purification Devices in Byzantine Palestine  Stephen Humphreys 15 Byzantium’s Ashes and the Bones of St Nicholas: Two Translations as Turning Points, 1087–1100  Alasdair C. Grant 16 Changing Profiles of Monastic Founders in Constantinople, From the Komnenoi to the Palaiologoi: The Case of the Theotokos Pammakaristos Monastery in Context  Elif Demirtiken Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisThe willingness to betray one’s country, one’s people, one’s family—to commit treason and foreswear loyalty to one entity by giving it to another—is a difficult concept for many people to comprehend. Yet, societies have grappled with treason for centuries; the motivations, implications, and consequences are rarely clear cut and are often subjective. Set against the framework of modern political concerns, Treason: Medieval and Early Modern Adultery, Betrayal, and Shame considers the various forms of treachery in a variety of sources, including literature, historical chronicles, and material culture creating a complex portrait of the development of this high crime. Larissa Tracy artfully brings together younger critics as well as seasoned scholars in a compelling and topical conversation on treason. Contributors are Frank Battaglia, Dianne Berg, Tina Marie Boyer, Albrecht Classen, Sam Claussen, Freddy C. Domínguez, Melissa Ridley Elmes, Ana Grinberg, Iain A. MacInnes, Inna Matyushina, Sally Shockro, Susan Small, Peter Sposato, Sarah J. Sprouse, Daniel Thomas, and Larissa Tracy.Trade Review'Tracy’s volume offers a great deal to those interested in the workings of treason (and loyalty) in the medieval and early modern periods, not least for anyone interested in German and French literature and history, as well as in religious forms. I have left discussion of other fine chapters out due to constraints of space, but let those mentioned here recommend the others, as well. Tracy is right that an understanding of the history of treason is useful to thinking about the uses and abuses of accusations of treason today. The chapters assembled in this collection testify to the enduring struggle with how treason was defined, punished, used in the interest of the state, and sometimes deployed as a legitimate form of rebellion against the tyrant.' Cristina León Alfar, in Journal of British Studies 59.4, October 2020.Table of ContentsContents Acknowledgments List of Illustrations Abbreviations Notes on Contributors Introduction: The Shameful Business of Betrayal and Treason  Larissa Tracy Part 1: The Politics of Treason  1 Wiglaf’s Sword: The Coming of the State  Frank Battaglia  2 In Sickness and in Health: the Boethian Narrative of the Two Geralds of Brecon  Sarah J. Sprouse  3 Treasonous and Dishonorable Conduct: the Private Dimension of Treason and Chivalric Reform in Late Medieval Florence  Peter Sposato  4 Royal Punishment and Reconciliation in Trastámara Castile  Samuel A. Claussen  5 “A somewhat too cruel vengeance was taken for the blood of the slain”: Royal Punishment of Rebels, Traitors, and Political Enemies in Medieval Scotland, c. 1100–c. 1250  Iain A. MacInnes Part 2: Religious Treason and Heresy  6 Revolt in Heaven: Lucifer’s Treason in Genesis B  Daniel Thomas  7 Blessed Betrayal: The Opportunity of Treachery in Anglo-Latin Ecclesiastical Texts  Sally Shockro  8 Legal Ramifications of Ordeals and Treason in Morant und Galie  Tina Boyer  9 Religious Identity, Loyalty, and Treason in the Cycle du Roi  Ana Grinberg  10 Traitors Respond: English Catholic Polemical Strategies against Accusations of Treason at the End of the Sixteenth Century  Freddy C. Domínguez Part 3: Treasonous Love: Adultery and Shame  11 Treason and Deception in Late Medieval German Romances and Novels Königin Sibille, Melusine, and Malagis  Albrecht Classen  12 Treacherous Women at King Arthur’s Court: Punishment and Shame  Inna Matyushina  13 Treason and the Feast in Sir Thomas Malory’s Morte Darthur  Melissa Ridley Elmes  14 ‘Tis Fearful Sleeping in a Serpent’s Bed’: Arden of Favershamand the Threat of the Petty Traitor  Dianne Berg  15 The Spatial Configuration of Shame in La Princesse de Clèves  Susan Small Conclusion: the Shame Game, from Guinevere to Cersei: Adultery, Treason, and Betrayal  Larissa Tracy Select Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisIn Kao Gong Ji: The World’s Oldest Encyclopaedia of Technologies, Guan Zengjian and Konrad Herrmann offer an English translation and commentary of the first technological encyclopaedia in China. This work came into being around the 5th century C.E. and contains descriptions of thirty technologies used at the time. Most prominent are bronze casting, the manufacture of carriages and weapons, a metrological standard, the making of musical instruments, and the planning of cities. The technologies, including the manufacturing process and quality assurance, are based on standardization and modularization. In several commentaries, the editors show to which degree the descriptions of Kao Gong Ji correspond to archaeological findings. Revised and updated translation from the Chinese edition:《考工记: 翻译与评注》(ISBN: 978-7-313-12133-2) by Guan Zengjian, © Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press 2014. Published by Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press.Table of ContentsContents Abbreviations and Conventions List of Illustrations List of Tables Preface Foreword Introduction  1 On Historical Editions and Commenting of “Kao Gong Ji”  2 Historical Background of “Kao Gong Ji”  3 Location and Period of Origin of “Kao Gong Ji” Part 1: The Text 卷上 (Part One)  Part 1: Introduction  Manufacture of Chariots  1 The Wheelmaker  2 The Carriage Carpenter  3 The Pole Carpenter  4 The Bronze Caster  5 Bronze Weapons  6 Bronze Bells  7 Measuring Standards  8 Agricultural Tools (Missing)  9 Leather  10 The Tanner  11 The Drum Maker  12 Tailor of Mourning Garments (Missing)  13 Furrier (Missing)  14 Paints  15 Dyer of Feathers  16 Dyer of Clothes and Silks (Missing)  17 Dyer of Silk 卷下 (Part Two)  18 Part 2: The Jade Polisher  19 Comb Maker (Missing)  20 Bone Carver (Missing)  21 The Manufacturer of Chimes  22 The Arrow Tip Manufacturer  23 The Potter  24 The Carpenter Ziren  25 The Weapon Carpenter  26 Construction Workers  27 The Carriage Manufacturer  28 The Bow Manufacturer Part 2: Analysis – Commentaries Commentary to 卷上  1 Manufacture of Carriages  2 Astronomy  3 Bronze Technology  4 Bronze Objects – Vessels, Weapons, Mirrors  5 Metrology  6 Musical Instruments Commentary to 卷下  7 Jade  8 Ceramics and Porcelain  9 Civil Engineering  10 Manufacture of Bows Bibliography Index of Personal and Geographical Names Index of Subjects

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Book SynopsisIn Richard Pococke’s Letters from the East (1737-1740), Rachel Finnegan provides edited transcripts of the full run of correspondence from Richard Pococke’s famous eastern voyage from 1737-40, together with updated biographical accounts of the author and his correspondents (his mother, Elizabeth Pococke and his uncle and patron, Bishop Thomas Milles).Table of ContentsContents Preface List of Illustrations 1 Introduction 2 Biographical Accounts of the Pococke and Milles Families 3 Itinerary of the Eastern Voyage 4 Letters from Egypt 5 Accounts from Egypt 6 Letters from the Holy Land, Lebanon and Syria 7 Accounts from the Holy Land, Lebanon and Syria 8 Letters from the Second Tour of Egypt, and from Turkey, Asia Minor and Greece 9 Accounts from Cyprus and from the Second Tour of Egypt 10 Conclusion Appendix. List of Grand Tour Letters and Accounts Reproduced in This Volume Bibliography Index of Selected People & Places

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Book SynopsisIn Religious Practices and Christianization of the Late Antique City, historians, archaeologists and historians of religion provide studies of the phenomenon of the Christianization of the Roman Empire within the context of the transformations and eventual decline of the Greco-Roman city. The eleven papers brought together here aim to describe the possible links between religious, but also political, economic and social mutations engendered by Christianity and the evolution of the antique city. Combining a multiplicity of sources and analytical approaches, this book seeks to measure the impact on the city of the progressive abandonment of traditional cults to the advantage of new Christian religious practices.

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Book SynopsisIn this ground-breaking work on the Ottoman town of Manastir (Bitola), Robert Mihajlovski, provides a detailed account of the development of Islamic, Christian and Sephardic religious architecture and culture as it manifested in the town and precincts. Originally a town on the edge of the Via Egnatia, this small provincial town gradually developed into a significant administrative, military, religious, cultural and intellectual centre for the Balkans; a vibrant place, nurturing progressive multi-cultural and multi-confessional values with considerable influence on the formation of modern Balkan identities. The present work is the culmination of thirty years of research using primary source material from archives and chronicles and the monuments themselves for the purpose of both preserving and extending the boundaries of current knowledge. It offers a comprehensive biography of a great cultural knot in the Balkans and offers a rich source for further use by scholars, students and non-technical readership alike.Table of ContentsAcknowledgements List of Illustrations Note on Pronunciation Introduction A Geographical Note An Overview of Pre-Ottoman Christian Cultural History  1 The Conquering Church  2 Days and Deeds of Heraclean Bishops  3 Peripheral Ecclesiastical Centres  4 Evangelization of the Slavs  5 Sectarians and Separatists  6 The “Bitola Inscription”  7 The Byzantine Reconquista  8 Crushed between the East and the West  9 Filling the Vacuum 1 Pax Ottomana in Toli Manastır (1385–1808)  1 The Ottoman Conquest  2 The Development of Toli Manastır  3 From a Provincial Town to an Administrative Centre  4 Survey of the Mosques of Toli Manastır  5 The Other Benefitiaries 2 Christianity in Ottoman Manastır (1385–1767)  1 Continuity Unchallenged  2 The Cult of the God-Bearer Pelagonitissa  3 The Revitalization of Christianity in Manastır  4 Regional Church Heritage  5 Literacy and Diplomacy  6 The Early Church of St. Demetrios  7 Further Regional Church Heritage  8 The Prelates on Record  9 Vindication and Revival  10 In the Middle of Controlled Demolition  11 Some Welcome Immigrants 3 The Sephardic Jews of Manastır (1497–1808)  1 Early Judaism in the Balkans  2 Medieval Jewry  3 The Sephardic Exodus  4 The Sephardim in Manastır  5 The Shabbatai Tsvi Controversy and Beyond  6 The Dawn of a New Era 4 The Ottoman Capital of Turquie D’europe  1 The Historical Background: From the Time of Ali Paşa until the First Balkan War in 1912  2 The Urban Development and Topography of the Town  3 The Religious and Cultural Traditions of the Ottoman Muslim Population in Manastır during the 19th Century  4 The Ottoman Christians of Bitola/Manastır during the 19th Century  5 The Sephardic Jewish Community of Bitola/Manastır between 1800 and 1943 Conclusion Glossary Bibliography Index of Personal and Place Names

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Book SynopsisThe open access publication of this book has been published with the support of the Swiss National Science Foundation. In Shrines in a Fluid Space: The Shaping of New Holy Sites in the Ionian Islands, the Peloponnese and Crete under Venetian Rule (14th-16th Centuries), Argyri Dermitzaki reconstructs the devotional experiences within the Greek realm of the Venetian Stato da Mar of Western European pilgrims sailing to Jerusalem. The author traces the evolution of the various forms of cultic sites and the perception of them as nodes of a wider network of the pilgrims’ ‘holy topography’. She scrutinises travelogues in conjunction with archaeological, visual and historical evidence and offers a study of the cultic phenomena and sites invested with exceptional meaning at the main ports of call of the pilgrims’ galleys in the Ionian Sea, the Peloponnese and Crete.Table of ContentsAcknowledgements List of Figures Introduction 1 Entering the Ionian: The Island of Corfu  1 The Port of Kassiopi  2 The Town of Corfu 2 Sailing towards the Peloponnese: The Strophades Islands  1 The Island of Stamfani  2 The Monastery of the Virgin of Strophades 3 Sailing towards Crete: The Port of Modon  1 Sapienza  2 The Town of Modon 4 The Island of Crete and the Town of Candia  1 Fraskia  2 The Town of Candia Conclusions Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisThis book explores important chapters of past and recent African history from a multidisciplinary perspective. It covers an extensive time range from the evolution of early humans to the complex cultural and genetic diversity of modern-day populations in Africa. Through a comprehensive list of chapters, the book focuses on different time-periods, geographic regions and cultural and biological aspects of human diversity across the continent. Each chapter summarises current knowledge with perspectives from a varied set of international researchers from diverse areas of expertise. The book provides a valuable resource for scholars interested in evolutionary history and human diversity in Africa. Contributors are Shaun Aron, Ananyo Choudhury, Bernard Clist, Cesar Fortes-Lima, Rosa Fregel, Jackson S. Kimambo, Faye Lander , Marlize Lombard, Fidelis T. Masao, Ezekia Mtetwa, Gilbert Pwiti, Michèle Ramsay, Thembi Russell, Carina Schlebusch, Dhriti Sengupta, Plan Shenjere-Nyabezi, Mário Vicente.

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Book SynopsisThe Historian of Islam at Work is a volume in honor of Hugh N. Kennedy. It offers thirty contributions by three generations of prominent scholars in the field of pre-modern Middle Eastern studies, covering the many areas of Islamic historical inquiry in which Hugh Kennedy has been active throughout his career. Grouped around four major themes - Caliphate and power, economy and society, Abbasids, and frontiers and the others - the contributions deal with the history, archaeology, architecture and literature of the Middle East, North Africa and beyond, from the time of the Prophet until the fifteenth century.Table of ContentsList of Figures and Tables Notes on Contributors Tabula Gratulatoria A Lifelong Passion for Islamic History  Maaike van Berkel and Letizia Osti Bibliography of Hugh N. Kennedy Part 1 Caliphate and Power 1 A Ḥimyarite Restorationist Prophecy  Michael Cook 2 Kinship, Dynasty and the Umayyads  Andrew Marsham 3 He Reigned as Caliph; Then He Died: The Reigns of Caliphs Versified  Geert Jan van Gelder 4 Versifying History in Abbasid Iraq: The Universal History in Verse of ʿAlī b. al-Jahm  Harry Munt 5 How to Found an Islamic State: The Idrisids and the Rivals to the Caliphate in the Far Islamic West  Corisande Fenwick 6 Rethinking “the Mamlūk State” with Ibn Khaldūn: “Mamlūkization” and ʿaṣabiyya in the Sultanate of Cairo  Jo Van Steenbergen 7 Ibn Khaldūn and the Ḥafṣid Caliphate  Allen Fromherz Part 2 Economy and Society 8 A Three-Centered System: Aleppo, Damascus, and Cairo in the Age of the Ayyubids  R. Stephen Humphreys 9 Informal and Formal Trading Associations in Egypt and Ifrīqiya, 850–1150  Chris Wickham 10 Good Governance in Theory and Practice: Comparing Abū Yūsuf’s Kitāb al-Kharāj with Papyri  Petra M. Sijpesteijn 11 A Matter of Trust: On Some Principles of Governance in the Letters of Qurra b. Sharīk  Arietta Papacostantinou 12 Calculating the Population of Samarra  Alastair Northedge 13 Flour for the Caliph: Watermills in the “Land behind Mosul”  Cristina Tonghini 14 Bedouin, Bandits and Caliphal Disappearance: A Reappraisal of the Qarāmiṭa and Their Success in Arabia  Peter Webb 15 Zinā and muḥṣanāt in the Quran  Richard A. Kimber Part 3 Abbasids 16 Muslim Nostalgia: Longing for the Abbasid Past in the Mamluk Era  Robert Irwin 17 The al-Mustanṣiriyya madrasa in Baghdad and Its Founder, al-Mustanṣir  Carole Hillenbrand 18 Hārūn al-Rashīd in Premodern Arabic Literary Imaginary: Ideology of Monogamy, Harem Politics, and Court Intrigues  Wen-Chin Ouyang 19 Representation of the Barmakids in Bodleian Manuscript Ouseley 217 and Other Monographs  Pejman Firoozbakhsh and Arezou Azad 20 Eutychius of Alexandria Vindicated: Muslim Sources and Christian Arabic Historiography in the Early Islamic Empire  Robert Hoyland 21 Bureaucrats on the Move: Messengers in Fourth/Tenth-Century Iraq  Maaike van Berkel, Nadia Maria El Cheikh and Letizia Osti 22 Al-Ṭabarī’s Unacknowledged Debt to Ibn Abī Ṭāhir Ṭayfūr  Sarah Bowen Savant 23 Heraqleh: A New Interpretation  Andrew Petersen Part 4 Frontiers and the Others 24 The Interface between Byzantium and the Ilkhanids in Fourteenth-Century Book Painting  Robert Hillenbrand 25 Exploring Europe through Medieval Islamic Folk Literature  Niall Christie 26 The Lordship and Bishopric of Banyas in the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem (1126–1164)  Alan V. Murray 27 Fortresses and Frontiers: Castles and Northern Syria in the Sultanate of Cairo  Angus D. Stewart 28 The Sasanian Fort of Pānkān  Balázs Major 29 Negotiating the North: Armenian Perspectives on the Conquest Era  Tim Greenwood 30 New Palaeoenvironmental Evidence on the Possible Impact on Agriculture of Early Arab-Islamic Raiding Activity on Crete  John F. Haldon Index

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Book SynopsisThe stone monuments of Mongolia’s Altai Mountains trace the web of ancient cultures across that remote land. This study breaks new ground by seeking their cultural significance from within their physical locations and viewsheds. It is the first study to join the mute stone monuments to the vivid petroglyphic rock art of that region. In that and in the examination of a monument’s individualizing details, I seek to recover the impulse of original intention, the way in which monument and location fix cultural memory, and the way in which memory finally gives way to the cultural development of myth.

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Book SynopsisEver since the early 2nd millennium BCE, Pre-Classical Anatolia has been a crossroads of languages and peoples. Indo-European peoples – Hittites, Luwians, Palaeans – and non-Indo-European ones – Hattians, but also Assyrians and Hurrians – coexisted with each other for extended periods of time during the Bronze Age, a cohabitation that left important traces in the languages they spoke and in the texts they wrote. By combining, in an interdisciplinary fashion, the complementary approaches of linguistics, history, and philology, this book offers a comprehensive, state-of-the-art study of linguistic and cultural contacts in a region that is often described as the bridge between the East and the West. With contributions by Paola Cotticelli-Kurras, Alfredo Rizza, Maurizio Viano, and Ilya Yakubovich.Table of ContentsList of Figures Abbreviations 1 Introduction  F. Giusfredi  1 What Is This Book?  2 What This Book Is Not  3 Structure of the Book  4 Multi-Authored Chapters  5 Chronologies  6 Philological Conventions Part 1 The Theoretical and Historical Setting and the Earlier Phases 2 Contacts of Cultures and Contacts of Languages  F. Giusfredi  1 Defining ‘Contact’  2 Language Study as a Historical Tool  3 Types and Areas of Language Contact in the Ancient Near East  4 Concluding Remarks 3 Interregional Contacts and Interactions during the Fourth and Third Millennia BCE  A. Matessi  1 Introduction: Some Definitions  2 The Fourth and Third Millennia BCE: An Age of Migrations?  3 Metallurgy and Areal Interactions in Early Bronze Age Anatolia  4 Concluding Remarks 4 Society, Culture, and Early Language Contact in Middle Bronze Age Anatolia (Ca. 1950–1650 BCE)  A. Matessi and F. Giusfredi  1 Introduction  2 The Old Assyrian Merchants and Their Interactions with Anatolians  3 The Peoples and Languages of Anatolia during the Old Assyrian Period  4 The Geography and Scope of Old Assyrian Trade  5 The Late Kārum Period and the Anitta Text (CTH 1)  6 Non-Old Assyrian Commercial Networks 5 History, Society, and Culture in Anatolia and Neighboring Regions during the Hittite Period (Ca. 1650–1190 BCE)  A. Matessi  1 Introduction  2 The Formative Period and the Question of Ethnicity: Hittites and Hattians  3 Hatti, Luwiya, and Pala: Core-Periphery Dialectics in Hittite Anatolia  4 The Empire Period: A Historical Outline  5 Shaping the Cultural Landscape of Hittite Anatolia  6 Concluding Remarks 6 Hittite Anatolia and the Cuneiform Koiné  F. Giusfredi, A. Matessi and V. Pisaniello  1 The Cuneiform Koiné  2 Cuneiform in Anatolia: The General Context  3 Cuneiform Archives of Anatolia and the Relevant Neighboring Areas  4 Concluding Remarks Part 2 The Foreign Languages of the Hittite Archives and Textual Evidence for Interference 7 Sumerian Literary and Magical Texts from Hattuša  M. Viano  1 Corpus, Scripts, and Findspots  2 The Purpose of Texts  3 The Reception of Sumerian Texts at Hattuša 8 Akkadian and Akkadian Texts in Hittite Anatolia  F. Giusfredi and V. Pisaniello  1 Previous Studies on the Akkadian of the Hattuša Archives  2 The Akkadian Texts from Boğazköy: A Categorization  3 The Akkadian of Politics and Administration  4 The Akkadian of the Cultural Tradition  5 Concluding Remarks 9 Hattian Texts and Hattian in the Hittite Archives  A. Rizza  1 Denomination and Identity  2 The Textual Documentation  3 The Status of Hattian in Hittite Anatolia 10 Hurrians and Hurrian in Hittite Anatolia  F. Giusfredi and V. Pisaniello  1 Hurrians and Anatolia  2 Areal Relationships of Hurrian and the Hurrians  3 Hurrian Texts from the Hittite World: Chronology, Typology, and Functions  4 The Status of Hurrian in Anatolia  5 Concluding Remarks 11 Cuneiform Luwian in the Hattuša Archives  I. Yakubovich  1 What Is (Cuneiform) Luwian and Where Is Luwiya?  2 Contact-Induced Changes  3 The Status of Luwian in Time and Space 12 Palaic in the Hittite Archives  F. Giusfredi  1 What Is Palaic and Where Is Pala?  2 Areal Relationships of Palaic  3 The Status of Palaic in the Hittite World  4 Concluding Remarks 13 Indo-Aryans in the Ancient Near East  V. Pisaniello and P. Cotticelli-Kurras  1 Indo-Iranian People in the Ancient Near East: An Overview of the Studies  2 Sources  3 Linguistic Analysis  4 Concluding Remarks Part 3 Contact Phenomena in Late Bronze Age Anatolia 14 Lexical Contact in and around Hittite Anatolia  V. Pisaniello and F. Giusfredi  1 Theoretical Framework  2 The Languages Involved  3 The Early Northwestern Interface  4 Akkadian and the Languages of Anatolia  5 Hurrian, Luwian, and Hittite between Hatti and Kizzuwatna  6 Luwian and Hittite at Hattuša  7 Concluding Remarks 15 Grammatical Interference and the Languages of the Hittite Archives  F. Giusfredi and V. Pisaniello  1 Grammatical Interference  2 The Structural Levels of Grammar  3 In the Languages of the Hittite Archives  4 Concluding Remarks 16 Conclusion to Volume 1 References Index

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Book SynopsisThis book surveys and analyzes changes in religious groups and identities in late antique Arabia, ca. 300-700 CE. It engages with contemporary and material evidence: for example, inscriptions, archaeological remains, Arabic poetry, the Qurʾān, and the so-called Constitution of Medina. Also, it suggests ways to deal with the later Arabic historiographical and other literary texts. The issue of social identities and their processes are central to the study. For instance, how did Arabian ethnic and religious identities intersect on the eve of Islam? The book suggests that the changes in social groups were more piecemeal than previously thought.Table of ContentsAcknowledgements List of Figures A Note on Style 1 Introduction  1 Prolegomena and Methodological Considerations  2 Ethnic, Linguistic, and Tribal Situation in Arabia before Islam 2 Judaism  1 Judaism in Late Antiquity  2 The Arabian Context  3 Conclusions 3 Christianity  1 Christianity in Late Antiquity  2 The Arabian Context  3 Conclusions 4 Gentiles  1 Introduction  2 Idolatry and Polytheism in Arabia  3 Gentile Monotheism in Arabia  4 The Idea of Abrahamic Descent in Arabia before Islam  5 An Excursus to Later Arabic Historiography: ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib’s Dream  6 Conclusions 5 The Rise of the Gentile Prophet in Mecca  1 Introduction and Methodological Considerations  2 Mecca  3 Excursus: Arabic Historiography on the Meccan Period  4 Conclusions on the Meccan Period 6 The Founding and Consolidating of the Community in Medina  1 The “Constitution” of Medina  2 The Believers in the Medinan Qurʾān  3 The People of the Book in the Medinan Period  4 The Jews in the Qurʾān  5 The Christians in the Qurʾān  6 Inna al-dīn ʿinda Allāh al-islām  7 Gentile Purity and Dietary Regulations  8 The Eschaton Postponed?  9 Excursus: Arabic Historiography and the Medinan Era  10 Conclusions on the Medinan Era 7 Near-Contemporary Non-Arabic Views on the Prophet and His Community  1 Near-Contemporary Non-Arabic Views on the Prophet’s Community 8 Concluding toward Early Islamic Times  1 “No Two Religions”  2 Conclusions Bibliography Index

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Book Synopsis

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