Applied optics Books
Nova Science Publishers Inc Optical Fibers for Designing Multiple
Book SynopsisNon-linear optical phenomena are easily observable in high-power fibre-optic communication systems. The generation of new frequencies due to these phenomena may be used to design different applications. Four wave mixing, which is conventionally viewed as a deterrent to multi-channel wavelength-division-multiplexed propagation of signals in communication systems, can be used favourably to design optical sources with special characteristics such as multi-wavelength, frequency comb output and supercontinuum. These have applications in widely different fields like communication and medicine.
£32.99
Nova Science Publishers Inc New Trends in Quantum Coherence & Nonlinear
Book SynopsisThe aim of this book is to present new results in rapidly developing fields of non-linear optics such as atomic coherence, magneto-optics of atomic media, Doppler-free spectroscopy, time-domain spectroscopy of dense atomic vapours, frequency comb spectroscopy and atom-surface interactions. The discovery of such coherent effects as coherent population trapping (CPT), electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) opened a new avenue for development in many fields of non-linear optics. Investigations during the last decade have shown many related new results and approaches in non-linear optics. These include non-linear magneto-optical processes (NMOP) in the context of high precision magnetometry, quantum information storage and processing, magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic particle detection; the use of ultra-thin (nanometric length) atomic vapour cells in magneto-optical experiments, which show new peculiarities of both coherent effects and NMOP; the use of frequency and amplitude modulated laser beams for NMOP studies in atomic vapours with the aim of extending the range of ultra-precise magnetometers to stronger, particularly geomagnetic fields; application of the counter-propagating beam technique to reveal the Doppler free non-linear Faraday rotation signals, as a spectroscopic tool and for applications; enhanced nonlinearly due to atomic coherence in multi-state systems; experimental study of EIT in solids; the use of the phase stabilised frequency domain combs of femtosecond laser pulses for velocity selective optical pumping of atomic hyperfine levels, as a direct frequency comb spectroscopy; time-domain non-linear spectroscopy of dense atomic vapours; atom-surface interactions and laser induced adsorption and description of alkali atoms on the surface of solid materials for nanotechnology applications.
£143.24
Artech House Publishers Introduction to Infrared and Electro-Optical Systems, Second Edition
Book SynopsisElectro-Optics (EO) is a technology area that involves the generation, modulation, detection, measurement, and display of optical radiation by electrical means. EO includes lasers, photometry, infrared, and other types of imaging systems. This newly revised and updated edition of a classic Artech House book offers a current and complete introduction to the analysis and design of EO imaging systems. The Second Edition provides numerous updates and brand new coverage of today's most important areas, including the integrated spatial frequency approach and a focus on the weapons of terrorists as objects of interest.Table of ContentsIntroduction. Mathematics. LSI Systems. Diffraction. Sources of Radiation. Atmospherics. Optics. Detectors and Scanners. Electronics. Signal Processing Displays on Human Perception. Historical Performance Models. CTF and the TTP Metric. EO/IR Systems and Target Acquisition. Search. Laboratory and Field Testing.
£162.45
Nova Science Publishers Inc Silver Nanoparticles Applied on Photonics
Book Synopsis
£46.49
Nova Science Publishers Inc Phase-Matched High Order Harmonic Generation &
Book SynopsisHigh order harmonic generation (HHG) produced by the interaction of an intense laser pulse and a gas medium can provide a table top scale coherent radiation source in the short wavelength range from the extreme ultraviolet to the soft x-ray region. This book presents a study based on high order harmonic generation in a semi-infinite gas cell. Two novel schemes are presented which have been used to enhance the quality of the HHG source including the conversion efficiency, the coherence, and the cut-off photon energy. This book focuses on the phase matching of the non-linear conversion process which is the main limitation to the quality of the HHG source. In the first scheme, a combination of lens and axicon is used to create a Bessel Gaussian beam instead of only a Gaussian beam and the presence of a new geometrical phase mismatch term is demonstrated. This allows us to compensate for the phase mismatch and thus to enhance the phase matching condition. In the second scheme, the phase matching is controlled by a means of an off-axis beam. When the phase mismatch is varied, mainly due to a change in the dipole phase term, the harmonic emission can be destroyed or enhanced. This technique provides the possibility to generate very high harmonic photon energies.
£106.49
Nova Science Publishers Inc Optical Fibers: New Developments
Book SynopsisThis book is a collection of contributions by renowned scientists in the optical fibre technology field, covering a wide range of recent progress pertaining to various topics such as special optical fibres, non-linear effects in optical fibre, components and devices for communication systems as well as optical fibre sensors. Inevitably, many aspects are omitted but each chapter is a representative example of the latest trends and results in a rapidly evolving research scenario. This collection is enriched by a few expert commentaries on selected topics, highlighting recent innovative developments and a future outlook in optical fibre technology.
£146.24
SPIE Press Optics for Technicians
Book SynopsisThis book is an introduction to optics and optical fabrication that provides technicians with simple explanations supported by illustrations and diagrams. Detailed examples and calculations are also included.The behaviour and performance of optical elements as individual components and as members of complete systems are discussed and evaluated. Further topics include the manufacturing, testing, and mounting of optical elements; two-element systems; optical coatings; and aberrations.
£52.80
SPIE Press Theory and Design of Acoustic Metamaterials
Book SynopsisThis book presents the most recent theoretical developments and numerical/experimental validations of new metamaterials and phononic crystals for the broadband absorption of elastic waves and vibrations in structures. These nine chapters explore many aspects of phononic crystals and acoustic/elastic metamaterials, including sound attenuation/absorption, extraordinary transmission, wave broadband mitigation, wave steering, cloaking via the transformation method, optimization of phononic crystals, and active acoustic metamaterials.
£59.20
SPIE Press Handbook of Optical Biomedical Diagnostics,
Book SynopsisSince the publication of the first edition of the Handbook in 2002, optical methods for biomedical diagnostics have developed in many well-established directions, and new trends have also appeared. To encompass all current methods, the text has been updated and expanded into two volumes.Volume 1: Light - Tissue Interaction features eleven chapters, five of which focus on the fundamental physics of light propagation in turbid media such as biological tissues. The six following chapters introduce near-infrared techniques for the optical study of tissues and provide a snapshot of current applications and developments in this dynamic and exciting field. Topics include the scattering of light in disperse systems, the optics of blood, tissue phantoms, a comparison between time-resolved and continuous-wave methods, and optoacoustics.
£108.80
SPIE Press Handbook of Optical Biomedical Diagnostics,
Book SynopsisSince the publication of the first edition of the Handbook in 2002, optical methods for biomedical diagnostics have developed in many well-established directions, and new trends have also appeared. To encompass all current methods, the text has been updated and expanded into two volumes.Volume 2: Methods begins by describing the basic principles and diagnostic applications of optical techniques based on detecting and processing the scattering, fluorescence, FT IR, and Raman spectroscopic signals from various tissues, with an emphasis on blood, epithelial tissues, and human skin. The second half of the volume discusses specific imaging technologies, such as Doppler, laser speckle, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and fluorescence and photoacoustic imaging.
£102.00
ISTE Ltd and John Wiley & Sons Inc Measurements using Optic and RF Waves
Book SynopsisThe scientific and technical basis underpinning modern measurement techniques used for electromagnetic quantities and phenonema is necessarily wide-ranging, as the electromagnetic environment spans all possible frequencies and wavelengths. Measurements must be applicable in fields as varied as nanotechnologies, telecommunications, meteorology, geo-location, radio-astronomy, health, biology, and many others. In order to adequately cover the many different facets of the topic, this book provides examples from the entire range of the electromagnetic spectrum — covering frequencies from several hertz to terahertz, and considering wavelength distances ranging from nanometers to light-years in optics. It then provides coverage of the various measurement techniques using electromagnetic waves for various applications, devoting chapters to each different field of application. This comprehensive book gives detailed information on: the various techniques and methods available to measure the key characteristics of electromagnetic waves, in terms of the local field and phase for a broad field of frequencies; determination of physical quantities such as distance, time, etc., using electromagnetic properties; new approaches to measurements in the field of electromagnetic distribution in complex structures media, such as biological tissues and in the nanosciences. Table of ContentsPreface xiii Chapter 1. Electromagnetic Environment 1 Pierre-Noël FAVENNEC 1.1. Electromagnetic radiation sources 1 1.2. Electromagnetic fields 18 1.3. Bibliography 21 Chapter 2. From Measurement to Control of Electromagnetic Waves using a Near-field Scanning Optical Microscope 23 Loïc LALOUAT, Houssein NASRALLAH, Benoit CLUZEL, Laurent SALOMON, Colette DUMAS and Frédérique DE FORNEL 2.1. Introduction 23 2.2. Principle of the measurement using a local probe 24 2.3. Measurement of the electromagnetic field distribution inside nanophotonic components 30 2.4. Measuring the amplitude and phase in optical near-field 39 2.5. Active optical near-field microscopy 41 2.6. Conclusion 45 2.7. Acknowledgements 45 2.8. Bibliography 45 Chapter 3. Meteorological Visibility Measurement: Meteorological Optical Range 51 Hervé SIZUN and Maher AL NABOULSI 3.1. Introduction 51 3.2. Definitions 52 3.3. Atmospheric composition 53 3.4. Atmospheric effects on light propagation 54 3.5. Units and scales 57 3.6. Measurement methods 58 3.7. Visibility perturbation factors 68 3.8. Applications 71 3.9. Appendix – optical contrast and Koschmieder’s law 75 3.10. Glossary 77 3.11. Bibliography 78 Chapter 4. Low Coherence Interferometry 81 Xavier CHAPELEAU, Dominique LEDUC, Cyril LUPI, Virginie GAILLARD and Christian BOISROBERT 4.1. Introduction 81 4.2. Phase measurement 82 4.3. Metrology considerations 86 4.4. Applications 91 4.5. Conclusion 106 4.6. Bibliography 107 Chapter 5. Passive Remote Sensing at Submillimeter Wavelengths and THz 113 Gérard BEAUDIN 5.1. Introduction 113 5.2. Submillimeter-THz low noise heterodyne receivers 115 5.3. Submillimeter – THz applications for astronomy and astrophysics 120 5.4. Submillimeter – THz remote-sensing applications to aeronomy and planetology 124 5.5. Conclusion 126 5.6. Acknowledgements 127 5.7. Bibliography 127 Chapter 6. Exposimetry – Measurements of the Ambient RF Electromagnetic Fields 131 Pierre-Noël FAVENNEC 6.1. Introduction 131 6.2. Definitions 132 6.3. Interactions of the electromagnetic fields with biological tissues and medical risks 136 6.4. Exposure limit values 141 6.5. Electromagnetic environment to be measured 146 6.6. Measurement equipment 150 6.7. Measurements 159 6.8. Control stations and uninterrupted electromagnetic measurements: towards a 3D electromagnetic land register 175 6.9. Appendix 1 – some field measurements 176 6.10. Appendix 2 – principal characteristics of mobile communication systems 177 6.11. Bibliography 177 Chapter 7. Ambient RF Electromagnetic Measurements in a Rural Environment 181 Hervé SIZUN and Philippe MALIET 7.1. Introduction 181 7.2. Measurement set-up 182 7.3. Operating mode 184 7.4. Different studies 185 7.5. Measurements results 186 7.6. Electrical field strength 188 7.7. Conclusion 189 7.8. Acknowledgements 189 7.9. Bibliography 189 Chapter 8. Radio Mobile Measurement Techniques 191 Hervé SIZUN 8.1. Introduction 191 8.2. Field strength measurements 192 8.3. Measurement of the impulse response 195 8.4. Measurement of directions of arrival 198 8.5. WiFi measurements in a home environment (field strength, data rate) 216 8.6. Conclusion 222 8.7. Glossary 224 8.8. Acknowledgments 225 8.9. Bibliography 225 Chapter 9. Dosimetry of Interactions Between the Radioelectric Waves and Human Tissues – Hybrid Approach of the Metrology 229 Joe WIART and Man Faï WONG 9.1. Introduction 229 9.2. Evaluation of the power absorber for the tissues 230 9.3. Experimental evaluation of the specific absorption rate (SAR) 232 9.4. SAR evaluation in biological tissues 235 9.5. Variability, representativeness and uncertainty 242 9.6. Conclusions 245 9.7. Bibliography 246 Chapter 10. Measurement for the Evaluation of Electromagnetic Compatibility 249 Philippe BESNIER, Christophe LEMOINE and Mohammed SERHIR 10.1. Introduction 249 10.2. General aspects of EMC measurement 250 10.3. Emissivity and radiated immunity testing 253 10.4. Efficiency and limitations of EMC measurement techniques 261 10.5. Mode-stirred reverberation chambers 262 10.6. Electromagnetic near-field measurement techniques applied to EMC 268 10.7. Conclusions and future prospects 272 10.8. Bibliography 272 Chapter 11. High Precision Pulsar Timing in Centrimetric Radioastronomy 277 Ismaël COGNARD 11.1. Introduction 277 11.2. Ultra-stable clocks to the limits of the Galaxy 277 11.3. Dispersion by the interstellar medium 280 11.4. Instrumentation used to study pulsars 281 11.5. Swept local oscillator dedispersion 282 11.6. Filterbank dedispersion 283 11.7. Real-time coherent dedispersion 284 11.8. The coherent pulsar instrumentation installed at Nançay 285 11.9. Conclusion 288 11.10. Bibliography 289 Chapter 12. Long Baseline Decameter Interferometry between Nançay and LOFAR 291 Philippe ZARKA 12.1. Introduction 291 12.2. Observations 293 12.3. Analysis 297 12.4. Conclusions and perspectives 303 12.5. Acknowledgements 305 12.6. Bibliography 305 List of Authors 307 Index 311
£145.30
ISTE Ltd and John Wiley & Sons Inc Optics in Instruments: Applications in Biology
Book SynopsisOptics is a science which covers a very large domain and is experiencing indisputable growth. It has enabled the development of a considerable number of instruments, the optical component or methodology of which is often the essential part of portent systems. This book sets out show how optical physical phenomena such as lasers – the basis of instruments of measurement – are involved in the fields of biology and medicine. Optics in Instruments: Applications in Biology and Medicine details instruments and measurement systems using optical methods in the visible and near-infrared, as well as their applications in biology and medicine, through looking at confocal laser scanning microscopy, the basis of instruments performing in biological and medical analysis today, and flow cytometry, an instrument which measures at high speed the parameters of a cell passing in front of one or more laser beams. The authors also discuss optical coherence tomography (OCT), which is an optical imaging technique using non-contact infrared light, the therapeutic applications of lasers, where they are used for analysis and care, and the major contributions of plasmon propagation in the field of life sciences through instrumental developments, focusing on propagating surface plasmons (PSP) and localized plasmons (LP). Contents: 1. Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy, Thomas Olivier and Baptiste Moine. 2. Flow Cytometry (FCM) Measurement of Cells in Suspension, Odile Sabido. 3. Optical Coherence Tomography, Claude Boccara and Arnaud Dubois. 4. Therapeutic Applications of Lasers, Geneviève Bourg-Heckly and Serge Mordon. 5. Plasmonics, Emmanuel Fort. About the Authors Jean-Pierre Goure is Emeritus Professor of optics at Jean Monnet University in Saint-Etienne, France, and was previously director of the UMR 5516 laboratory linked with CNRS. He is the author of more than 100 publications in various fields, such as spectroscopy, instrumentation, sensors, optical fiber and optical communications. He was also previously deputy director in engineering science at CNRS and a member of several scientific associations such as the French Optical Society and the European Optical Society.Table of ContentsPreface ix Introduction xiii Chapter 1 Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy 1 Thomas OLIVIER and Baptiste MOINE 1.1. Introduction 1 1.1.1. Context and framework of chapter 1 1.1.2. From wide-field microscopy to confocal microscopy 3 1.2. Principle and implementation 6 1.2.1. General principle 7 1.2.2. Axial and lateral resolution in confocal microscopy 9 1.2.3. Some notions of fluorescence 21 1.2.4. Main elements of a confocal scanning laser microscope 25 1.3. Applications in biology, potential and limitations 40 1.3.1. Basic elements of biology for the neophyte 41 1.3.2. Fluorescent labeling 43 1.3.3. Practical implementation of confocal microscopy 46 1.4. Related and derived techniques 62 1.4.1. Advanced contrast modes: FRAP, FLIP, FLIM, FRET, etc. 62 1.4.2. The contribution of nonlinear contrast modes 66 1.4.3. Recent major advances: overcoming the diffraction limit 72 1.5. Bibliography 74 Chapter 2 Flow Cytometry (FCM) Measurement of Cells in Suspension 79 Odile SABIDO 2.1. History of FCM 79 2.2. Components of the cytometer: fluidics, optics and signal processing 80 2.2.1. Fluidics 81 2.2.2. Optics 81 2.2.3. Signal processing 83 2.3. Experimentation strategy 83 2.3.1. Visualizations of the spectra 84 2.3.2. Compensation of fluorescences 84 2.3.3. Checking the optical bench 84 2.3.4. Presentation of parameters A/H/W 85 2.3.5. Graphical presentation 85 2.4. Types of platform for FCM 87 2.4.1. Clinical platform 87 2.4.2. Research platform 87 2.5. Principle of cell sorting 88 2.6. Analyzed parameters 90 2.6.1. Light scattering 90 2.6.2. Fluorochromes 90 2.7. Applications in biology 93 2.7.1. Clinical 93 2.7.2. Research 93 2.7.3. Environment 94 2.7.4. Plant biology 94 2.7.5. Industrial microbiology 94 2.8. Complementarities of the FCM with the other cytometries, confocal and dynamic 95 2.9. Cytometry on beads, LUMINEXTM type 95 2.10. Scientific societies 96 2.11. Websites to visit 96 2.12. Bibliography 97 2.13. Reference books 99 Chapter 3 Optical Coherence Tomography 101 Claude BOCCARA and Arnaud DUBOIS 3.1. Introduction 101 3.2. Principles of OCT 102 3.3. Frequency-domain OCT 104 3.4. Spatial resolution 106 3.5. Applications of OCT 107 3.5.1. Ophtalmology 107 3.5.2. Internal medicine 107 3.5.3. Other fields of application 108 3.6. Extensions of OCT 109 3.7. Full-field OCT 110 3.7.1. Principle 110 3.7.2. Spatial resolution 111 3.7.3. Dynamics and sensitivity 113 3.7.4. Operating speed 113 3.7.5. Applications 114 3.8. Conclusion 119 3.9. Bibliography 119 Chapter 4 Therapeutic Applications of Lasers 125 Geneviève BOURG-HECKLY and Serge MORDON 4.1. Introduction 125 4.2. Interaction of light with biological tissues 127 4.2.1. Optical parameters characterizing light radiation 127 4.2.2. The three types of interaction between a light beam and a biological tissue 131 4.2.3. Penetration of light in biological tissues 151 4.3. Therapeutic effects of lasers 155 4.3.1. Thermal effect 156 4.3.2. Photoablative effect 167 4.3.3. Photochemical or photodynamic effect 168 4.3.4. The electromechanical effect 174 4.4. Conclusion 175 4.5. For more information 175 4.6. Bibliography 176 Chapter 5 Plasmonics 179 Emmanuel FORT 5.1. Propagating surface plasmons 180 5.1.1. Theoretical reminders and definitions 180 5.1.2. Surface plasmon resonance sensors 185 5.1.3. Units and sensitivity of SPR sensors 189 5.1.4. Other SPR configurations 190 5.1.5. SPR imaging 191 5.1.6. Surface plasmons coupled fluorescence 194 5.2. Localized surface plasmons 201 5.2.1. Theoretical reminders 201 5.2.2. Detection of plasmonic nanoprobes 203 5.3. Conclusion 210 5.4. Bibliography 211 List of Authors 217 Index 219
£125.06
ISTE Ltd and John Wiley & Sons Inc Remote Sensing Imagery
Book SynopsisDedicated to remote sensing images, from their acquisition to their use in various applications, this book covers the global lifecycle of images, including sensors and acquisition systems, applications such as movement monitoring or data assimilation, and image and data processing. It is organized in three main parts. The first part presents technological information about remote sensing (choice of satellite orbit and sensors) and elements of physics related to sensing (optics and microwave propagation). The second part presents image processing algorithms and their specificities for radar or optical, multi and hyper-spectral images. The final part is devoted to applications: change detection and analysis of time series, elevation measurement, displacement measurement and data assimilation. Offering a comprehensive survey of the domain of remote sensing imagery with a multi-disciplinary approach, this book is suitable for graduate students and engineers, with backgrounds either in computer science and applied math (signal and image processing) or geo-physics. About the Authors Florence Tupin is Professor at Telecom ParisTech, France. Her research interests include remote sensing imagery, image analysis and interpretation, three-dimensional reconstruction, and synthetic aperture radar, especially for urban remote sensing applications. Jordi Inglada works at the Centre National d’Études Spatiales (French Space Agency), Toulouse, France, in the field of remote sensing image processing at the CESBIO laboratory. He is in charge of the development of image processing algorithms for the operational exploitation of Earth observation images, mainly in the field of multi-temporal image analysis for land use and cover change. Jean-Marie Nicolas is Professor at Telecom ParisTech in the Signal and Imaging department. His research interests include the modeling and processing of synthetic aperture radar images.Table of ContentsPreface xiii Part 1. Systems, Sensors and Acquisitions 1 Chapter 1. Systems and Constraints 3 Jean-Marie Nicolas Chapter 2. Image Geometry and Registration 33 Jean-Marie Nicolas and Jordi Inglada Chapter 3. The Physics of Optical Remote Sensing 53 Olivier Hagolle Chapter 4. The Physics of Radar Measurement 83 Jean-Claude Souyris Part 2. Physics and Data Processing 123 Chapter 5. Image Processing Techniques for Remote Sensing 125 Florence Tupin, Jordi Inglada and Grégoire Mercier Chapter 6. Passive Optical Data Processing 155 Devis Tuia Chapter 7. Models and Processing of Radar Signals 181 Florence Tupin, Jean-Marie Nicolas and Jean-Claude Souyris Part 3. Applications: Measures, Extraction, Combination and Information Fusion 203 Chapter 8. Analysis of Multi-Temporal Series and Change Detection 205 Grégoire Mercier and Florence Tupin Chapter 9. Elevation Measurements 223 Michel Roux, Olivier De Joinville, Florence Tupin and Jean-Marie Nicolas Chapter 10. Displacement Measurements 251 Yajing Yan, Virginie Pinel, Flavien Vernier and Emmanuel Trouvé Chapter 11. Data Assimilation for the Monitoring of Continental Surfaces 283 Lionel Jarlan and Gilles Boulet Bibliography 321 List of Authors 347 Index 349
£135.80
ISTE Ltd and John Wiley & Sons Inc Dispersion Engineering for Integrated
Book SynopsisThis book shows how dispersion engineering in two dimensional dielectric photonic crystals can provide new effects for the precise control of light propagation for integrated nanophotonics.Dispersion engineering in regular and graded photonic crystals to promote anomalous refraction effects is studied from the concepts to experimental demonstration via nanofabrication considerations. Self collimation, ultra and negative refraction, second harmonic generation, mirage and invisibility effects which lead to an unprecedented control of light propagation at the (sub-)wavelength scale for the field of integrated nanophotonics are detailed and commented upon.Table of ContentsINTRODUCTION vii CHAPTER 1. Two-Dimensional Dielectric Photonic Crystals 1 1.1. Context 1 1.2. Concepts: photonic band structures and equi-frequency curves 2 1.2.1. Basic concepts on electromagnetic waves in 2D PhCs 3 1.2.2. Dispersion surfaces, equi-frequency curves and group velocity 6 1.3. Fundamental dispersion effects 8 1.3.1. The construction line method 8 1.3.2. A beam propagation model 9 1.3.3. The self-collimation effect 12 1.3.4. Mesoscopic self-collimation of light 14 1.3.5. The superprism effect 18 1.3.6. Negative refraction and -1 effective index in photonic crystals and metamaterials 20 1.4. From concepts to reality 26 1.4.1. 2D½ prototype design 27 1.4.2. Thick substrate versus membrane approach 27 1.4.3. 2D patterning and prototype designs 29 1.4.4. The 3D reality 34 1.5. Conclusion 35 CHAPTER 2. Flat Lenses 37 2.1. Context 37 2.2. Negative refraction based flat lenses 38 2.2.1. Effective parameters 38 2.2.2. A 2D photonic crystal based flat lens: dimensioning 42 2.2.3. Experiments 51 2.3. Gradient index lenses 56 2.3.1. GRIN lens concept 56 2.3.2. Negative index based GRIN lens (the hole case) 57 2.3.3. Positive index based GRIN lens (the pillar case) 59 2.3.4. Experimental evaluation of GRIN lenses 60 2.4. Conclusion 62 CHAPTER 3. Towards Transform Optics Based Devices 63 3.1. Context 63 3.2. From transform Optics to Hamiltonian optics 64 3.2.1. Transform Optics 64 3.2.2. Conformal mapping 69 3.2.3. Hamiltonian optics 70 3.3. 1D graded photonic crystals 72 3.3.1. D graded photonic crystals 75 3.4. Cloaking devices 78 3.4.1. A brief overview of optical cloaking 79 3.4.2. A III-V based photonic crystal carpet: design and fabrication 81 3.4.3. A III-V based photonic crystal carpet: evaluation and discussion 83 3.5. Conclusion 85 CONCLUSION 87 BIBLIOGRAPHY 91 INDEX 105
£125.06
ISTE Ltd and John Wiley & Sons Inc Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Groundwater
Book SynopsisThis book presents the basics of the non-invasive geophysical method for groundwater investigation, called Magnetic Resonance Sounding (MRS) or Surface Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (SNMR), and its practical application to the problems of groundwater localization and aquifer characterization. The method is based on the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) phenomenon and is selectively sensitive to groundwater. The main aims of the author are to teach the reader the basic principles of the method as well as to formulate consistent approximate models, leading to reasonably simple inverse problems. Containing an extensive bibliography, numerous practical and numerical examples as well as a detailed presentation of the nuts and bolts of the method based on the long-term experience of SNMR development and practical use, this book is useful for students, scientists and professional engineers working in the field of hydrogeophysics and hydrogeology. Contents 1. SNMR Imaging for Groundwater.2. The Basics of NMR.3. Forward Modeling.4. Inversion.5. Link Between SNMR and Aquifer Parameters.Table of ContentsPREFACE vii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ix CHAPTER 1. SNMR IMAGING FOR GROUNDWATER 1 1.1. Brief history of SNMR development 1 1.2. The basic principles 2 1.3. Magnetic Resonance Sounding 5 1.4. Measuring setup 8 1.5. Geophysical tool for hydrogeologists 12 CHAPTER 2. THE BASICS OF NMR 15 2.1. NMR phenomenon 15 2.1.1. Precession of free spins 15 2.1.2. Macroscopic spin magnetization 16 2.2. NMR relaxation 22 2.2.1. Longitudinal relaxation 22 2.2.2. Transverse relaxation 24 2.2.3. Diffusion in non-homogeneous magnetic field 26 2.3. NMR measurements 31 2.3.1. Free induction decay (FID) 31 2.3.2. Spin echo (SE) 38 CHAPTER 3. FORWARD MODELING 45 3.1. The imaging equation 45 3.2. The Earth’s magnetic field 54 3.3. Modeling typical SNMR signals 59 3.4. 3-D sensitivity of the SNMR loop 68 3.5. Experimental verification 76 CHAPTER 4. INVERSION 85 4.1. The SNMR inverse problem 85 4.2. Linearization. 89 4.3. Discretization 92 4.3.1. The 1-D inverse problem 92 4.3.2. The 3-D inverse problem 105 4.4. Linear inverse problems 113 4.5. Nonlinear inverse problems 115 4.5.1. Inversion of the geomagnetic field variations 116 4.5.2. Inversion of the resistivity distribution 118 CHAPTER 5. LINK BETWEEN SNMR AND AQUIFER PARAMETERS 121 5.1. Parameters used for characterizing an aquifer 122 5.2. Available SNMR estimates on aquifer parameters 126 5.2.1. Detection of groundwater 126 5.2.2. Aquifers and geometry 128 5.2.3. Storage-related parameters 131 5.2.4. Flow-related parameters 134 5.3. Joint use of SNMR and resistivity data 138 BIBLIOGRAPHY 143 INDEX 155
£132.00
ISTE Ltd and John Wiley & Sons Inc Wide Band Gap Semiconductor Nanowires 1:
Book SynopsisGaN and ZnO nanowires can by grown using a wide variety of methods from physical vapor deposition to wet chemistry for optical devices. This book starts by presenting the similarities and differences between GaN and ZnO materials, as well as the assets and current limitations of nanowires for their use in optical devices, including feasibility and perspectives. It then focuses on the nucleation and growth mechanismsof ZnO and GaN nanowires, grown by various chemical and physical methods. Finally, it describes the formation of nanowire heterostructures applied to optical devices.Table of ContentsPreface xi Part 1 GaN and ZnO Nanowires: Low-Dimensionality Effects 1 Chapter 1 Quantum and Optical Confinement 3 Le Si Dang Chapter 2 Stress Relaxation in Nanowires with Heterostructures 25 Frank Glas Chapter 3 Surface-Related Optical Properties of GaN-Based Nanowires 59 Pierre Lefebvre Chapter 4 Surface Related Optical Properties of ZnO Nanowires 81 Tobias Voss and Jürgen Gutowski Chapter 5 Doping and Transport 99 Julien Pernot, Fabrice Donatini and Pierre Tchoulfian Chapter 6 Microstructure of Group III-N Nanowires 125 Achim Trampert, Xiang Kong, Esperanza Luna, Javier Grandal and Bernd Jenichen Part 2 Nucleation and Growth Mechanisms of GaN and ZnO Nanowires 157 Chapter 7 Ni Collector-Induced Growth of GaN Nanowire on C-Plane Sapphere by Plama-Assisted Molecular Beam Epitaxy 159 Caroline Chèze Chapter 8 Self-Induced Growth of GaN Nanowires by Molecular Beam Epitaxy 177 Vincent Consonni Chapter 9 Selective Area Growth of GaN Nanowires by Plama-Assisted Molecular Beam Epitaxy 215 Miguel A Sanchez-Garcia, steven Albert, Ana M. Bengoechea-Encabo, Francesca Barbagini and Enrique Calleja Chapter 10 Metal-Organic Vapor Phase Epitaxy Growth of GaN Nanorods 245 Joël Eymery Chapter 11 Metal-Organic Chemical Vaport Deposition Growth of ZnO Nanowires 265 Vincent Sallet Chapter 12 Pulsed-Laser Deposition of ZnO Nanowires 303 Christoph Peter Dietrich and Marius Grundmann Chapter 13 Preparation of ZnO Nanorods and Nanowires by Wet Chemistry 325 Thierry Pauporté List of Authors 379
£137.66
ISTE Ltd and John Wiley & Sons Inc Haptic Feedback Teleoperation of Optical Tweezers
Book SynopsisThe authors of this book provide the first review of haptic optical tweezers, a new technique which brings together force feedback teleoperation and optical tweezers. This technique allows users to explore the microworld by sensing and exerting piconewton-scale forces with trapped microspheres. The design of optical tweezers for high-quality haptic feedback is challenging, given the requirements for very high sensitivity and dynamic stability. The concept, design process and specification of optical tweezers reviewed throughout this book focus on those intended for haptic teleoperation. The authors provide two new specific designs as well as the current state of the art. Furthermore, the remaining important issues are identified for further developments. Haptic optical tweezers will soon become an invaluable tool for force feedback micromanipulation of biological samples and nano- and micro-assembly parts.Table of ContentsPREFACE ix INTRODUCTION xi CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION TO HAPTIC OPTICAL TWEEZERS 1 1.1. Introduction 1 1.2. A dexterous experimental platform 3 1.2.1. A dexterous micromanipulation technique 3 1.2.2. A dexterous user interaction for micromanipulation 5 1.2.3. Pioneering works 8 1.3. Interactive optical tweezers 10 1.3.1. Displacement techniques 10 1.3.2. Impact of the laser deflection 14 1.3.3. Measurement techniques 16 1.4. Specific designs for haptic interactions 21 1.4.1. Temporal sharing 22 1.4.2. Spatial sharing 24 1.5. Discussion 26 1.6. Conclusion 29 1.7. Bibliography 30 CHAPTER 2. HIGH-SPEED VISION: FROM FRAME-BASED TO EVENT-BASED 45 2.1. High-speed cameras 45 2.1.1. Image data acquisition 46 2.1.2. Image data transmission 48 2.1.3. Image data processing 51 2.2. Silicon retinas 52 2.2.1. Neuromorphic engineering 52 2.2.2. Dynamic vision sensor (DVS) 54 2.2.3. Asynchronous time-based image sensor 57 2.3. The advantages of asynchronous event-based vision 59 2.3.1. Frame-based methodology 59 2.3.2. Event-based acquisition 60 2.3.3. Event-based processing 62 2.4. The fundamentals of event-based computation 64 2.5. State of the art of silicon retina applications 67 2.6. High-speed vision in robotics 70 2.6.1. Examples 71 2.6.2. Difficulties 74 2.7. Necessity of high-speed vision in microrobotics 76 2.7.1. Automatic control of a microrobot 76 2.7.2. Teleoperated micromanipulation 77 2.7.3. Two concrete applications 80 2.8. Bibliography 85 CHAPTER 3. ASYNCHRONOUS EVENT-BASED 2D MICROSPHERE TRACKING 93 3.1. Reliable haptic optical tweezers 93 3.2. State of the art of high-speed microparticle tracking 95 3.2.1. Position detection devices 96 3.2.2. Candidate algorithms 98 3.3. Microsphere tracking using DVS 101 3.3.1. Event-based continuous Hough transform 101 3.3.2. Multiple microsphere tracking 103 3.3.3. Brownian motion detection 108 3.4. 2D haptic feedback micromanipulation with optical tweezers 112 3.4.1. Strategy of haptic coupling with optical tweezer 113 3.4.2. Haptic feedback optical tweezer system setup 114 3.4.3. First experiments on force sensing in the microworld 117 3.4.4. A comparison of frame-based and event-based vision in micromanipulation 121 3.5. Conclusions 124 3.6. Bibliography 125 CHAPTER 4. ASYNCHRONOUS EVENT-BASED 3D MICROSPHERE TRACKING 129 4.1. 3D sphere tracking methods 130 4.1.1. Defocus 131 4.1.2. Intensity average on frame-based images 133 4.1.3. Polarity integration 135 4.1.4. Extension of continuous Hough transform 137 4.1.5. Robust circle fitting 139 4.1.6. Summary of different methods 143 4.2. 3D haptic feedback teleoperation of optical tweezers 144 4.2.1. Configuration and method 144 4.2.2. Z-axis force feedback 147 4.3. Haptic feedback on multitrap optical tweezers 149 4.3.1. Time multiplexing multitrapping by galvanometer 149 4.3.2. Events-trap correspondence 152 4.3.3. Multitrap experimental results 154 4.3.4. Marketability 158 4.4. Piezoelectric microgripper tracking for stable haptic feedback 160 4.4.1. System setup 161 4.4.2. Vision system 164 4.4.3. Haptic coupling strategy 167 4.4.4. Experimental results 170 4.4.5. Interest to industry 177 4.5. Conclusions 177 4.6. Bibliography 178 CONCLUSIONS AND PERSPECTIVES 181 INDEX 187
£125.06
ISTE Ltd and John Wiley & Sons Inc Nanometer-scale Defect Detection Using Polarized
Book SynopsisThis book describes the methods used to detect material defects at the nanoscale. The authors present different theories, polarization states and interactions of light with matter, in particular optical techniques using polarized light. Combining experimental techniques of polarized light analysis with techniques based on theoretical or statistical models to study faults or buried interfaces of mechatronic systems, the authors define the range of validity of measurements of carbon nanotube properties. The combination of theory and pratical methods presented throughout this book provide the reader with an insight into the current understanding of physicochemical processes affecting the properties of materials at the nanoscale.Table of ContentsPreface xi Chapter 1. Uncertainties 1 1.1. Introduction 1 1.2. The reliability based design approach 2 1.2.1. The MC method 2 1.2.2. The perturbation method 3 1.2.3. The polynomial chaos method 7 1.3. The design of experiments method 9 1.3.1. Principle 9 1.3.2. The Taguchi method 10 1.4. The set approach 14 1.4.1. The method of intervals 15 1.4.2. Fuzzy logic based method 18 1.5. Principal component analysis 20 1.5.1. Description of the process 21 1.5.2. Mathematical roots 22 1.5.3. Interpretation of results 22 1.6. Conclusions 23 Chapter 2. Reliability-based Design Optimization 25 2.1. Introduction 25 2.2. Deterministic design optimization 26 2.3. Reliability analysis 27 2.3.1. Optimal conditions 30 2.4. Reliability-based design optimization 31 2.4.1. The objective function 31 2.4.2. Total cost consideration 32 2.4.3. The design variables 33 2.4.4. Response of a system by RBDO 33 2.4.5. Limit states 33 2.4.6. Solution techniques 33 2.5. Application: optimization of materials of an electronic circuit board 34 2.5.1. Optimization problem 36 2.5.2. Optimization and uncertainties 39 2.5.3. Results analysis 43 2.6. Conclusions 44 Chapter 3. The Wave–Particle Nature of Light 47 3.1. Introduction 48 3.2. The optical wave theory of light according to Huyghens and Fresnel 49 3.2.1. The three postulates of wave optics 49 3.2.2. Luminous power and energy 51 3.2.3. The monochromatic wave 51 3.3. The electromagnetic wave according to Maxwell’s theory 52 3.3.1. The Maxwell equations 52 3.3.2. The wave equation according to the Coulomb’s gauge 56 3.3.3. The wave equation according to the Lorenz’s gauge 57 3.4. The quantum theory of light 57 3.4.1. The annihilation and creation operators of the harmonic oscillator 57 3.4.2. The quantization of the electromagnetic field and the potential vector 61 3.4.3. Field modes in the second quantization 66 Chapter 4. The Polarization States of Light 71 4.1. Introduction 71 4.2. The polarization of light by the matrix method 73 4.2.1. The Jones representation of polarization 76 4.2.2. The Stokes and Muller representation of polarization 81 4.3. Other methods to represent polarization 86 4.3.1. The Poincaré description of polarization 86 4.3.2. The quantum description of polarization 88 4.4. Conclusions 93 Chapter 5. Interaction of Light and Matter 95 5.1. Introduction 95 5.2. Classical models 97 5.2.1. The Drude model 103 5.2.2. The Sellmeir and Lorentz models 105 5.3. Quantum models for light and matter 111 5.3.1. The quantum description of matter 111 5.3.2. Jaynes–Cummings model 118 5.4. Semiclassical models 123 5.4.1. Tauc–Lorentz model 127 5.4.2. Cody–Lorentz model 130 5.5. Conclusions 130 Chapter 6. Experimentation and Theoretical Models 133 6.1. Introduction 134 6.2. The laser source of polarized light 135 6.2.1. Principle of operation of a laser 136 6.2.2. The specificities of light from a laser 141 6.3. Laser-induced fluorescence 143 6.3.1. Principle of the method 143 6.3.2. Description of the experimental setup 145 6.4. The DR method 145 6.4.1. Principle of the method 146 6.4.2. Description of the experimental setup 148 6.5. Theoretical model for the analysis of the experimental results 149 6.5.1. Radiative relaxation 152 6.5.2. Non-radiative relaxation 153 6.5.3. The theoretical model of induced fluorescence 160 6.5.4. The theoretical model of the thermal energy transfer 163 6.6. Conclusions 170 Chapter 7. Defects in a Heterogeneous Medium 173 7.1. Introduction 173 7.2. Experimental setup 175 7.2.1. Pump laser 176 7.2.2. Probe laser 176 7.2.3. Detection system 177 7.2.4. Sample preparation setup 180 7.3. Application to a model system 182 7.3.1. Inert noble gas matrix 182 7.3.2. Molecular system trapped in an inert matrix 184 7.3.3. Experimental results for the induced fluorescence 188 7.3.4. Experimental results for the double resonance 198 7.4. Analysis by means of theoretical models 203 7.4.1. Determination of experimental time constants 203 7.4.2. Theoretical model for the induced fluorescence 209 7.4.3. Theoretical model for the DR 214 7.5. Conclusions 216 Chapter 8. Defects at the Interfaces 219 8.1. Measurement techniques by ellipsometry 219 8.1.1. The extinction measurement technique 222 8.1.2. The measurement by rotating optical component technique 223 8.1.3. The PM measurement technique 224 8.2. Analysis of results by inverse method 225 8.2.1. The simplex method 232 8.2.2. The LM method 234 8.2.3. The quasi-Newton BFGS method 237 8.3. Characterization of encapsulating material interfaces of mechatronic assemblies 237 8.3.1. Coating materials studied and experimental protocol 239 8.3.2. Study of bulk coatings 241 8.3.3. Study of defects at the interfaces 244 8.3.4. Results analysis 251 8.4. Conclusions 253 Chapter 9. Application to Nanomaterials 255 9.1. Introduction 255 9.2. Mechanical properties of SWCNT structures by MEF 256 9.2.1. Young's modulus of SWCNT structures 258 9.2.2. Shear modulus of SWCNT structures 259 9.2.3. Conclusion on the modeling results 260 9.3. Characterization of the elastic properties of SWCNT thin films 260 9.3.1. Preparation of SWCNT structures 261 9.3.2. Nanoindentation 262 9.3.3. Experimental results 263 9.4. Bilinear model of thin film SWCNT structure 265 9.4.1. SWCNT thin film structure 266 9.4.2. Numerical models of thin film SWCNT structures 268 9.4.3. Numerical results 269 9.5. Conclusions 274 Bibliography 275 Index 293
£125.06
Whittles Publishing Windfarm Visualisation: Perspective or
Book SynopsisAs windfarms proliferate across the UK, visualisation as a means of predicting the scale and impacts of wind turbines has become a highly controversial subject. The purpose of any visualisation is to inform so that judgements can be made by professionals and the general public alike. Yet after nearly two decades, post-construction shocks are still common and the public demand for comprehensible and reliable pre-planning visuals increases. In Windfarm Visualisation, the author draws together a blend of knowledge and experience to explain the many scientific disciplines involved. He gives an overview of how some simple fixed standards facilitate proper validation and testing to restore confidence in visualisations which allow realistic prediction and effective planning. Photography is both an art and a science which, if used scientifically, must be capable of being tested. Current practice is found at best to be impractical and at worst an artifice to diminish potential impacts. Under scrutiny, flaws in the adopted methodology are exposed, pseudo-science is repudiated and wide-ranging problems for the public, planners and decision-makers explored and explained.The assumption that perspective geometry equates to what we see is challenged and the case is made that visual representation must take full account of human visual perception. This simple subject has been subverted by needless complexity. In Windfarm Visualisation this complexity is stripped away to provide a refreshingly informative text covering the fundamentals of photomontage visualisation, the unique challenges of representing windfarms and some simple recommendations for fixed photographic standards and presentation formats to restore confidence in predictive visualisation. It is also a scientific detective story into what we see, how it can be misrepresented and manipulated by self-interested parties and how visualisation itself has become the unwitting victim of its own potential to reliably inform the planning system and the public.Trade Review'...provides readers with the knowledge to make informed judgments within this suprisingly complex subject. Generously illustrated, Macdonald's rigorous technical inquiry delves into the cognitive and optical aspects of visual perception... This is particularly relevant for structures such as wind turbineswhich have few scaling features and can be seen from distances where photography struggles to convey a sense of scale within depth. ... Macdonald has produced a clear and 'straightforward story' accessible to professionals and lay people alike.' Architects' Journal '...shows clearly and in an unsensational way how virtually all current and recent windfarm application documents and presentations fail to give anything like a proper impression of the true visual impact of these schemes. ...it is quite clear that the guidelines currently applied to such visualisations are wholly inadequate and the result is that not only local communities, user groups and campaigners but also, crucially, planning officers cannot make a balanced judgement... This book should be on the desk of every planning officer and should also be made readily available to community councils, user groups and others with a genuine interest in the ever-growing impact that windfarms are having on our upland landscapes'. Roger Smith, The Great Outdoors '... this book contains a wealth of information about evaluating windfarm visualisations. It explains the methods being used in the presented graphic materials and how anyone can evaluate them properly and knowledgeably. The explanations and discussion in this book are richly supported with excellent graphics that support the text well. This book is not just for wind visualization. The discussion excels at describing photographic techniques and the planning process. ... I would recommend this book for classes where visualisation in all forms is being taught, in addition to highly recommended reading in urban planning, architecture, environmental assessment and the windfarm planning sector...' 3D Visualization World ...an excellent book ... This is a guidebook of the clever tricks and twists used by wind farm developers in depicting how their machines would not destroy landscape values. ...a versatile guide to image manipulation ... Having read this revealing book, you will be armed with all of the tools needed to identify where the public is being hoodwinked, and most significantly, where Local Planning Authorities are being exploited... Extract from letter to Countryside Voice from John Langley, CPRETable of ContentsBackground; Understanding Scale; The Camera: format and lenses; Human Vision; Viewing Visualisations; Viewing Distances; The Panoramic Methodology; Existing Guidance and Research; Practical Problems; Technical Problems; Verifiable Presentation Formats; Conclusion; Appendices
£67.50
ISTE Ltd and John Wiley & Sons Inc Nanophotonics
Book SynopsisNanophotonicsis a comprehensive introduction to the emerging area concerned with controlling and shaping optical fields at a subwavelength scale. Photonic crystals and microcavities are extensively described, including non-linear optical effects. Local-probe techniques are presented and are used to characterize plasmonic devices. The emerging fields of semiconductor nanocrystals and nanobiophotonics are also presented.Table of ContentsPreface 13 Chapter 1. Photonic Crystals: From Microphotonics to Nanophotonics 17 Pierre VIKTOROVITCH 1.1. Introduction 17 1.2. Reminders and prerequisites 19 1.2.1. Maxwell equations 19 1.2.1.1. Optical modes 20 1.2.1.2. Dispersion characteristics 20 1.2.2. A simple case: three-dimensional and homogeneous free space 20 1.2.3. Structuration of free space and optical mode engineering 21 1.2.4. Examples of space structuration: objects with reduced dimensionality 22 1.2.4.1. Two 3D sub-spaces 22 1.2.4.2. Two-dimensional isotropic propagation: planar cavity 24 1.2.4.3. One-dimensional propagation: photonic wire 25 1.2.4.4. Case of index guiding (two- or one-dimensionality) 26 1.2.4.5. Zero-dimensionality: optical (micro)-cavity 26 1.2.5. Epilogue 27 1.3. 1D photonic crystals 28 1.3.1. Bloch modes 29 1.3.2. Dispersion characteristics of a 1D periodic medium 30 1.3.2.1. Genesis and description of dispersion characteristics 30 1.3.2.2. Density of modes along the dispersion characteristics 32 1.3.3. Dynamics of Bloch modes 33 1.3.3.1. Coupled mode theory 33 1.3.3.2. Lifetime of a Bloch mode 34 1.3.3.3. Merit factor of a Bloch mode 35 1.3.4. The distinctive features of photonic crystals 35 1.3.5. Localized defect in a photonic band gap or optical microcavity 36 1.3.5.1. Donor and acceptor levels 37 1.3.5.2. Properties of cavity modes in a 1DPC 38 1.3.5.3. Fabry-Perot type optical filter 39 1.3.6. 1D photonic crystal in a dielectric waveguide and waveguided Bloch modes 40 1.3.6.1. Various diffractive coupling processes between optical modes 40 1.3.6.2. Determination of the dispersion characteristics of waveguided Bloch modes 42 1.3.6.3. Lifetime and merit factor of waveguided Bloch modes: radiation optical losses 43 1.3.6.4. Localized defect or optical microcavity 44 1.3.7. Epilogue 46 1.4. 3D photonic crystals 46 1.4.1. From dream 46 1.4.2. … to reality 47 1.5. 2D photonic crystals: the basics 49 1.5.1. Conceptual tools: Bloch modes, direct and reciprocal lattices, dispersion curves and surfaces 50 1.5.1.1. Bloch modes 50 1.5.1.2. Direct and reciprocal lattices 51 1.5.1.3. Dispersion curves and surfaces 52 1.5.2. 2D photonic crystal in a planar dielectric waveguide 54 1.5.2.1. An example of the potential of 2DPC in terms of angular resolution: the super-prism effect 56 1.5.2.2. Strategies for vertical confinement in 2DPC waveguided configurations 57 1.6. 2D photonic crystals: basic building blocks for planar integrated photonics 59 1.6.1. Fabrication: a planar technological approach 59 1.6.1.1. 2DPC formed in an InP membrane suspended in air 59 1.6.1.2. 2DPC formed in an InP membrane bonded onto silica on silicon by molecular bonding 60 1.6.2. Localized defect in the PBG or microcavity 62 1.6.3. Waveguiding structures 64 1.6.3.1. Propagation losses in a straight waveguide 66 1.6.3.2. Bends 67 1.6.3.3. The future of PC-based waveguides lies principally in the guiding of light 69 1.6.4. Wavelength selective transfer between two waveguides 70 1.6.5. Micro-lazers 73 1.6.5.1. Threshold power 74 1.6.5.2. Example: the case of the surface emitting Bloch mode lazer 75 1.6.6. Epilogue 77 1.7. Towards 2.5-dimensional Microphotonics 77 1.7.1. Basic concepts 77 1.7.2. Applications 80 1.8. General conclusion 81 1.9. References 82 Chapter 2. Bidimensional Photonic Crystals for Photonic Integrated Circuits 85 Anne TALNEAU 2.1. Introduction 85 2.2. The three dimensions in space: planar waveguide perforated by a photonic crystal on InP substrate 86 2.2.1. Vertical confinement: a planar waveguide on substrate 86 2.2.2. In-plane confinement: intentional defects within the gap 87 2.2.2.1. Localized defects 88 2.2.2.2. Linear defects 88 2.2.3. Losses 89 2.3. Technology for drilling holes on InP-based materials 90 2.3.1. Mask generation 90 2.3.2. Dry-etching of InP-based semiconductor materials 91 2.4. Modal behavior and performance of structures 92 2.4.1. Passive structures 92 2.4.1.1. Straight guides, taper 93 2.4.1.2. Bend, combiner 96 2.4.1.3. Filters 100 2.4.2. Active structures: lazers 102 2.5. Conclusion 104 2.6. References 105 Chapter 3. Photonic Crystal Fibers 109 Dominique PAGNOUX 3.1. Introduction 109 3.2. Two guiding principles in microstructured fibers 112 3.3. Manufacture of microstructured fibers 116 3.4. Modeling TIR-MOFs 117 3.4.1. The “effective-V model” 117 3.4.2. Modal methods for calculating the fields 118 3.5. Main properties and applications of TIR-MOFs 120 3.5.1. Single mode propagation 120 3.5.2. Propagation loss 120 3.5.3. Chromatic dispersion 121 3.5.4. Birefringence 123 3.5.5. Non-conventional effective areas 124 3.6. Photonic bandgap fibers 125 3.6.1. Propagation in photonic bandgap fibers 125 3.6.2. Some applications of photonic crystal fibers 127 3.7. Conclusion 128 3.8. References 129 Chapter 4. Quantum Dots in Optical Microcavities 135 Jean-Michel GERARD 4.1. Introduction 135 4.2. Building blocks for solid-state CQED 137 4.2.1. Self-assembled QDs as “artificial atoms” 137 4.2.2. Solid-state optical microcavities 139 4.3. QDs in microcavities: some basic CQED experiments 142 4.3.1. Strong coupling regime 142 4.3.2. Weak coupling regime: enhancement/inhibition of the SE rate and “nearly” single mode SE 145 4.3.3. Applications of CQED effects to single photon sources and nanolazers 150 4.4. References 154 Chapter 5. Nonlinear Optics in Nano- and Microstructures 159 Yannick DUMEIGE and Fabrice RAINERI 5.1. Introduction 159 5.2. Introduction to nonlinear optics 160 5.2.1. Maxwell equations and nonlinear optics 160 5.2.2. Second order nonlinear processes 164 5.2.2.1. Three wave mixing 165 5.2.2.2. Second harmonic generation 166 5.2.2.3. Parametric amplification 169 5.2.2.4. How can phase matching be achieved? 170 5.2.2.5. Applications of second order nonlinearity 173 5.2.3. Third order processes 173 5.2.3.1. Four wave mixing 173 5.2.3.2. Optical Kerr effect 175 5.2.3.3. Nonlinear spectroscopy: Raman, Brillouin and Rayleigh scatterings 177 5.3. Nonlinear optics of nano- or microstructured media 177 5.3.1. Second order nonlinear optics in III–V semiconductors 178 5.3.1.1. Quasi-phase matching in III–V semiconductors 178 5.3.1.2. Quasi-phase matching in microcavity 179 5.3.1.3. Bidimensional quasi-phase matching 180 5.3.1.4. Form birefringence 180 5.3.1.5. Phase matching in one-dimensional photonic crystals 181 5.3.1.6. Phase matching in two-dimensional photonic crystal waveguide 183 5.3.2. Third order nonlinear effects 184 5.3.2.1. Continuum generation in microstructured optical fibers 184 5.3.2.2. Optical reconfiguration of two-dimensional photonic crystal slabs 184 5.3.2.3. Spatial solitons in microcavities 186 5.4. Conclusion 187 5.5. References 187 Chapter 6. Third Order Optical Nonlinearities in Photonic Crystals 191 Robert FREY, Philippe DELAYE and Gerald ROOSEN 6.1. Introduction 191 6.2. Third order nonlinear optic reminder 192 6.2.1. Third order optical nonlinearities 192 6.2.2. Some third order nonlinear optical processes 194 6.2.3. Influence of the local field 196 6.3. Local field in photonic crystals 198 6.4. Nonlinearities in photonic crystals 203 6.5. Conclusion 204 6.6. References 204 Chapter 7. Controling the Optical Near Field: Implications for Nanotechnology 207 Frederique DE FORNEL 7.1. Introduction 207 7.2. How is the near field defined? 208 7.2.1. Dipolar emission 208 7.2.2. Diffraction by a sub-wavelength aperture 212 7.2.3. Total internal reflection 213 7.3. Optical near field microscopies 217 7.3.1. Introduction 217 7.3.2. Fundamental principles 217 7.3.3. Realization of near field probes 219 7.3.4. Imaging methods in near field optical microscopes 220 7.3.5. Feedback 222 7.3.6. What is actually measured in near field? 223 7.3.7. PSTM configuration 223 7.3.8. Apertureless microscope 225 7.3.9. Effect of coherence on the structure of near field images 226 7.4. Characterization of integrated-optical components 227 7.4.1. Characterization of guided modes 227 7.4.2. Photonic crystal waveguides 229 7.4.3. Excitation of cavity modes 230 7.4.4. Localized generation of surface plasmons 232 7.5. Conclusion 235 7.6. References 236 Chapter 8. Sub-Wavelength Optics: Towards Plasmonics 239 Alain DEREUX 8.1. Technological context 239 8.2. Detecting optical fields at the sub-wavelength scale 240 8.2.1. Principle of sub-wavelength measurement 240 8.2.2. Scattering theory of electromagnetic waves 242 8.2.3. Electromagnetic LDOS 244 8.2.4. PSTM detection of the electric or magnetic components of optical waves 246 8.2.5. SNOM detection of the electromagnetic LDOS 247 8.3. Localized plasmons 249 8.3.1. Squeezing of the near-field by localized plasmons coupling 250 8.3.2. Controling the coupling of localized plasmons 251 8.4. Sub– optical devices 254 8.4.1. Coupling in 254 8.4.2. Sub– waveguides 254 8.4.3. Towards plasmonics: plasmons on metal stripes 255 8.4.4. Prototypes of submicron optical devices 256 8.5. References 263 Chapter 9. The Confined Universe of Electrons in Semiconductor Nanocrystals 265 Maria CHAMARRO 9.1. Introduction 265 9.2. Electronic structure 266 9.2.1. “Naif” model 266 9.2.1.1. Absorption and luminescence spectra 269 9.2.2. Fine electronic structure 271 9.2.2.1. Size-selective excitation 271 9.2.2.2. “Dark” electron-hole pair 274 9.3. Micro-luminescence 276 9.4. Auger effect 279 9.5. Applications in nanophotonics 281 9.5.1. Semiconductor nanocrystals: single photon sources 281 9.5.2. Semiconductor nanocrystals: new fluorescent labels for biology 283 9.5.3. Semiconductor nanocrystals: a new active material for tunable lazers 285 9.6. Conclusions 286 9.7. References 287 Chapter 10. Nano-Biophotonics 293 Herve RIGNEAULT and Pierre-Francois LENNE 10.1. Introduction 293 10.2. The cell: scale and constituents 295 10.3. Origin and optical contrast mechanisms 296 10.3.1. Classical contrast mechanisms: bright field, dark field, phase contrast and interferometric contrast 297 10.3.2. The fluorescence contrast mechanism 298 10.3.2.1. The lifetime contrast 300 10.3.2.2. Resolving power in fluorescence microscopy 301 10.3.3. Non-linear microscopy 303 10.3.3.1. Second harmonic generation (SHG) 304 10.3.3.2. Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) 305 10.4. Reduction of the observation volume 307 10.4.1. Far field methods 308 10.4.1.1. 4Pi microscopy 308 10.4.1.2. Microscopy on a mirror 309 10.4.1.3. Stimulated emission depletion: STED 309 10.4.2. Near field methods 311 10.4.2.1. NSOM 312 10.4.2.2. TIRF 312 10.4.2.3. Nanoholes 313 10.5. Conclusion 314 10.6. References 314 List of Authors 319 Index 323
£150.05
BenBella Books SuperSight: What Augmented Reality Means for Our
Book SynopsisNATIONAL INDIE EXCELLENCE AWARDS WINNER — NONFICTION 2022 IPPY AWARDS BRONZE MEDALIST — SCIENCE For thousands of years, human vision has been largely unchanged by evolution. We’re about to get a software update. Today, Apple, Google, Microsoft, Facebook, Snap, Samsung, and a host of startups are racing to radically change the way we see. The building blocks are already falling into place: cloud computing and 5G networks, AI computer vision algorithms, smart glasses and VR headsets, and mixed reality games like Pokémon GO. But what’s coming next is a fundamental shift in how we experience the world and interact with each other. Over the next decade, what we see and how we see it will no longer be bound by biology. Instead, our everyday vision will be augmented with digital information to give us what spatial computing pioneer David Rose calls “SuperSight.” And as our view of the world becomes blended layers of information delivered via glasses, contact lenses, or projected light, it will fundamentally change learning, shopping, work, play, and much, much more. David provides an insider’s guide to the way our lives are about to change, while also unpacking the downsides of this coming world—what he calls the hazards of SuperSight, from equity and access issues to bubble filter problems—and proposing rational, actionable ways around them. From AI mirrors that advise us on our outfits, to museums that let us talk with deceased explorers and artists, to the ways we envision sustainable cities, the scope of augmented vision is boundless. SuperSight offers a rich speculative preview of the future and its implications, both shocking and thrilling.
£22.36
Springer Nature Switzerland AG The Quantum Mechanics Solver: How to Apply Quantum Theory to Modern Physics
Book SynopsisMotivates students by challenging them with real-life applications of the somtimes esoteric aspects of quantum mechanics that they are learning. Offers completely original excerices developed at teh Ecole Polytechnique in France, which is know for its innovative and original teaching methods. Problems from modern physics to help the student apply just-learnt theory to fields such as molecular physics, condensed matter physics or laser physics.Table of ContentsPart I Elementary Particles, Nuclei and Atoms. 1 Matter-wave Interferences with Molecules. 2 Neutron Interferometry. 3 Analysis of a Stern–Gerlach Experiment. 4 Spectroscopic Measurements on a Neutron Beam. 5 Measuring the Electron Magnetic Moment Anomaly. 6 Atomic Clocks. 7 The Spectrum of Positronium. 8 Neutrino Transformations in the Sun. 9 The Hydrogen Atom in Crossed Fields. 10 Energy Loss of Ions in Matter. Part II Quantum Entanglement and Measurement. 11 The EPR Problem and Bell’s Inequality. 12 Quantum Correlations in a Multi-Particle System. 13 A Non-Destructive Bomb Detector. 14 Direct Observation of Field Quantization. 15 Schrödinger’s Cat. 16 Quantum Cryptography. 17 Ideal Quantum Measurement. 18 The Quantum Eraser. 19 A Quantum Thermometer. 20 Laser Cooling and Trapping. Part III Complex Systems. 21 Exact Results for the Three-Body Problem. 22 Properties of a Bose–Einstein Condensate. 23 Quantized Vortices. 24 Motion in a Periodic Potential and Bloch Oscillations. 25 Magnetic Excitons. 26 A Quantum Box. 27 Colored Molecular Ions. 28 Hyperfine Structure in Electron Spin Resonance. 29 Probing Matter with Positive Muons. 30 Quantum Reflection of Atoms from a Surface. Part IV Appendix. 31 Memento of Quantum Mechanics.
£42.74
Springer Nature Switzerland AG Introduction to Semiconductor Lasers for Optical
Book SynopsisThis updated, second edition textbook provides a thorough and accessible treatment of semiconductor lasers from a design and engineering perspective. It includes both the physics of devices as well as the engineering, designing and testing of practical lasers. The material is presented clearly with many examples provided. Readers of the book will come to understand the finer aspects of the theory, design, fabrication and test of these devices and have an excellent background for further study of optoelectronics.Table of ContentsIntroduction: The Basics of Optical Communications.- The Basics of Lasers.- Semiconductors as Laser Material 1: Fundamentals.- Semiconductors as Laser Materials 2: Density of States, Quantum Wells and Gain.- Semiconductor Laser Operation.- Electrical Characteristics of Semiconductor Lasers.- The Optical Cavity.- Laser Modulation.- Distributed Feedback Lasers.- Assorted Miscellany: Dispersion, Fabrication, and Reliability.- Laser Communication Systems I: Amplitude Modulated Systems.- Coherent Communication Systems.
£67.49
Springer Nature Switzerland AG Advanced X-Ray Radiation Detection:: Medical
Book SynopsisThis book offers readers an overview of some of the most recent advances in the field of technology for X-ray medical imaging. Coverage includes both technology and applications in SPECT, PET and CT, with an in-depth review of the research topics from leading specialists in the field. Coverage includes conversion of the X-ray signal into analogue/digital value, as well as a review of CMOS chips for X-ray image sensors. Emphasis is on high-Z materials like CdTe, CZT and GaAs, since they offer the best implementation possibilities for direct conversion X-ray detectors. The discussion includes material challenges, detector operation physics and technology and readout integrated circuits required to detect signals processes by high-Z sensors. Authors contrast these emerging technologies with more established ones based on scintillator materials. This book is an excellent reference for people already working in the field as well as for people wishing to enter it.Table of ContentsX-ray Detectors in Medical Imaging.- Modelling spectroscopic performance of pixelated semiconductor detectors through Monte-Carlo simulation.- Status of DEXA Instrumentation Using Direct and Indirect Detectors.- CZT Detectors for Nuclear Medicine.- Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Imaging Based on Sub-Millimeter Pixelated CdZnTe Detectors.- Medical Photon-Counting CT – Status and Clinical Applications Review.- Multi-material decomposition (m-MD) based spectral imaging in photon-counting CT.- X-ray Multispectral CT Imaging by Projection Sequences Blind Separation based on Basis-effect or Basis-material decomposition.- Direct Iterative Basis Image Reconstruction Based on MAP-EM Algorithm for Spectral CT.- Linearly Polarized X-ray Fluorescence Computed Tomography with a Photon Counting Detector.- Detector shift iteration method for improving spatial resolution and suppressing pixel value distortion in direct and indirect X-ray detectors.- A new method of estimating incident x-ray spectra with photon counting detectors using a limited number of energy bins with dedicated clinical x-ray imaging systems.
£67.49
Springer International Publishing AG Springer Series in Light Scattering: Volume 9:
Book SynopsisThe book is aimed at description of recent progress in studies of light extinction, absorption, and scattering in turbid media. In particular, light scattering/oceanic optics/planetary optics research communities are greatly benefit from the publication of this book.Table of ContentsExtinction of electromagnetic waves by bounded targets: local and far-field definitions, measurements, generalizations and paradoxes.- Light scattering by large densely packed clusters of particles.- The volume scattering function of particles in the oceans.- Light backscattering by atmospheric particles: from laboratory to field experiments.- Local optical properties of turbid media and their influence on radiative transfer processes.- The study of planetary surface materials using reflectance spectroscopy.
£98.99
Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH Diarylethene Molecular Photoswitches: Concepts
Book SynopsisA comprehensive review to the synthesis, properties, and applications of diarylethene-based molecular photoswitches Diarylethene Molecular Photoswitches: Concept and Functionalities provides the fundamental concepts of molecular photoswitches and includes information on how the bistable photoswitches of diarylethenes modulate the functions of materials and biological activities. Written by Masahiro Irie (the inventor of photochromic diarylethene compound), the book explores the reaction mechanism, photoswitching performance, photoswitchable crystals, and the myriad applications of diarylethenes based photoswitches. This book offers academics, chemists, and engineers an essential resource for understanding the molecular photoswitches and provides a guide to the development of new photoresponsive materials. The author explores the applications based on diarylethene and its dirivatives to Field-Effect Transistors, Metal-Organic Frameworks including nanoparticles, super-resolution fluorescence microscopies, drug release, and self-healing materials. This important book: * Offers a guide to diarylethene derivatives, the most widely studied compounds worldwide among the photochromic compounds * Includes the basic concepts of molecular photoswitches * Explores the myraid applications grounded in diarylethene and its derivatives * Presents an authortative text from the inventor of the photochromic diarylethene compound Written for materials scientists, organic, polymer, and physical chemists, and electronics engineers, Diarylethene Molecular Photoswitches offers an introduction to the topic and includes recent developments in the field. Table of ContentsPreface ix 1 Introduction 1 1.1 General Introduction 1 1.2 Discovery of Diarylethene Molecular Photoswitches 4 References 12 2 Reaction Mechanism 15 2.1 Basic Concepts 15 2.2 Theoretical Study 20 2.3 Reaction Dynamics 22 2.3.1 Cyclization Reaction 22 2.3.2 Cycloreversion Reaction 27 References 29 3 Photoswitching Performance 31 3.1 Quantum Yield 31 3.1.1 Photocyclization Quantum Yield 31 3.1.2 Solvent Effect on Cyclization Quantum Yield 42 3.1.3 Photocycloreversion Quantum Yield 44 3.2 Thermal Stability 49 3.3 Fatigue Resistance 53 3.4 Fluorescence Property 60 3.4.1 Turn-Off Mode Photoswitching 61 3.4.2 Turn-On Mode Photoswitching 76 3.5 Chiral Property 80 References 86 4 Photoswitchable Crystals 93 4.1 Dichroism 93 4.2 X-Ray Crystallographic Analysis 97 4.3 Quantum Yield 101 4.4 Multicolored Systems and Nano-Layered Periodic Structures 106 4.5 Fluorescent Crystals 108 4.6 Photomechanical Response 110 4.6.1 Surface Morphology Change 112 4.6.2 Reversible Shape Change 113 4.6.3 Bending Response of Mixed Crystals 116 References 121 5 Memory 125 5.1 Single-Molecule Memory 125 5.2 Near-Field Optical Memory 128 5.3 Three-Dimensional Optical Memory 130 5.4 Readout Using Infrared Absorption, Raman Scattering, and Refractive Index Changes 132 References 134 6 Switches 137 6.1 Single-Molecule Conductance Photoswitch 137 6.2 Optical Switch Based on Refractive Index Change 141 6.3 Magnetism 141 References 146 7 Surface Properties 149 7.1 SurfaceWettability 149 7.2 Selective Metal Deposition 151 7.3 Subwavelength Nanopatterning 154 References 155 8 Polymers and Liquid Crystals 157 8.1 Polymers 157 8.2 Liquid Crystals 175 References 178 9 Applications 183 9.1 Organic Field-Effect Transistors (OFETs) 183 9.2 Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs) 185 9.3 Super-Resolution Fluorescence Microscopy 188 9.3.1 Control of Cycloreversion Quantum Yield 189 9.3.2 Fatigue Resistance 191 9.3.3 Photoswitching with Single-Wavelength Visible Light 192 9.3.4 Super-Resolution Bioimaging 195 9.4 Chemical Reactivity Control 197 9.5 Biological Activity 201 9.6 Color Dosimeters 204 References 209 A Synthesis Procedures of Typical Diarylethenes 213 A.1 1,2-Bis(2,4-dimethyl-5-phenyl-3-thienyl)perfluorocyclopentene 213 A.2 1,2-Bis(2-ethyl-6-phenyl-1-benzothiophene-1,1-dioxide-3-yl)-perfluorocyclopenetene 215 References 217 Index 219
£108.86
Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden Unbegrenzte Lichtmikroskopie: Über Auflösung und
Book SynopsisRolf T. Borlinghaus erläutert die Ursachen für die klassische Begrenzung der Lichtmikroskopie und beleuchtet die neuen Super-Hochauflösungstechniken. Dies ist besonders aktuell, da der Nobelpreis 2014 für Chemie für die Entwicklung von Technologien vergeben wurde, die es nun ermöglichen, mit Lichtmikroskopen feinere Details aufzulösen, als es die klassische Theorie einschränkend vorhersagt. Diese neuen Methoden stellen aber nicht das bisherige Weltbild der Optik in Frage, vielmehr nutzen sie ganz andere Phänomene, um mittels klassischer Optik Positionsbestimmungen von Molekülen durchzuführen. Das ist theoretisch beliebig genau möglich.Trade Review“... Sehr empfehlens-wert für alle, die sich aus beruflichen oder privaten Gründen über Lichtmikroskopie und ihre heutige Möglichkeiten und Verfahren informieren möchten. ...“ (Karl Schäfer, in: Amazon.de,15.September 2015)Table of ContentsEinleitung.- Was ist Auflösung?.- Mikroskopische Glühwürmchen.- Ortung auf molekularer Ebene.- Weniger ist mehr.- RESOLFT.- Zusammenfassung.
£9.99
Springer Spektrum Licht in Der Welt Der Nanotechnologie: Ein
Book Synopsis
£9.99
Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden Development and Characterization of a
Book SynopsisThis Open Access book discusses an extension to low-coherence interferometry by dispersion-encoding. The approach is theoretically designed and implemented for applications such as surface profilometry, polymeric cross-linking estimation and the determination of thin-film layer thicknesses. During a characterization, it was shown that an axial measurement range of 79.91 µm with an axial resolution of 0.1 nm is achievable. Simultaneously, profiles of up to 1.5 mm in length were obtained in a scan-free manner. This marked a significant improvement in relation to the state-of-the-art in terms of dynamic range. Also, the axial and lateral measurement range were decoupled partially while functional parameters such as surface roughness were estimated. The characterization of the degree of polymeric cross-linking was performed as a function of the refractive index. It was acquired in a spatially-resolved manner with a resolution of 3.36 x 10-5. This was achieved by the development of a novel mathematical analysis approach.Table of Contents1 Introduction and motivation.- 2 Related works and basic considerations.- 3 Surface profilometry.- 4 Polymer characterization.- 5 Thin-film characterization.- 6 Conclusion.
£31.49
£119.25
Pan Stanford Publishing Pte Ltd Semiconductor Quantum Bits
Book SynopsisThis book highlights state-of-the-art qubit implementations in semiconductors and provides an extensive overview of this newly emerging field. Semiconductor nanostructures have huge potential as future quantum information devices as they provide various ways of qubit implementation (electron spin, electronic excitation) as well as a way to transfer quantum information from stationary qubits to flying qubits (photons). Therefore, this book unites contributions from leading experts in the field, reporting cutting-edge results on spin qubit preparation, read-out and transfer. The latest theoretical as well as experimental studies of decoherence in these quantum information systems are also provided. Novel demonstrations of complex flying qubit states and first applications of semiconductor-based quantum information devices are given, too.Trade Review"Undoubtedly the book represents the interest for scientists working in this field and related physics fields. It is not a textbook, but [a detailed study] of the suggested material is very important for postgraduate students specializing in the modern optics of nanosubjects and theorists studying quantum computer theory."—Igor A. Merkulov, University of Tennessee, USA"This book provides a timely summary of the state of the art from established groups around the world and will serve as a critical reference for researchers and students working to advance the frontier. The editors have done an excellent job in collecting and assembling the topics and authors for the most important areas."—Duncan G. Steel, University of Michigan, USATable of ContentsSpin and Charge Qubits; Qubit Control, Readout, and Transfer; Qubit Decoherence; Flying Qubits; Qubit Applications.
£126.00
Pan Stanford Publishing Pte Ltd Nanoplasmonics
Book SynopsisNanoplasmonics is one of the most important growth areas of this century. It is part of nano-optics and nanophotonics and deals with oscillations of electrons in metallic nanoparticles and nanostructures. Also, it is a multidisciplinary subject covering atomic, molecular, and solid-state physics, as well as much of chemistry. Nanoplasmonics makes it possible to combine the nanoscale properties of smart devices with their optical frequencies of operation.Nanoplasmonics presents, for the first time, both the physical principles and mathematical descriptions of main nanoplasmonic effects that now are scattered over thousands of research articles. Importantly, it contains many methods, accompanied by diagrams, for fast estimations and calculations of main properties of nanoparticles of very different shapes and their clusters. It also presents the most important applications of nanoplasmonics, including in medicine, nanolasers, electronics, perfect lenses, and invisibility cloaks.Trade Review"This book is timely and provides the most up-to-date concepts for experts in nanoplasmonics. It is also a good starting point for students who wish to learn about nanoplasmonics for the first time. The author is one of the leaders in the field and is ideally positioned to present this comprehensive volume. This book will play an important role in taking the subjects of nano-optics, nanoplasmonics, and metamaterials to new heights of invention and application. The information, recipes, and processes in the text can be immediately useful in the fast-paced realms of both theoretical and experimental investigations. Every researcher in nanoplasmonics should all have a copy of this book on the bookshelf." —Prof. Vladimir M. Shalaev, Purdue University, USA"This book provides a lucid introduction to the field of optics of nanoparticles and nanostructures, including all the necessary background and a comprehensive review of this new area in the optics. Professor Klimov, a world-leading expert in nano-optics, nanoplasmonics, and metamaterials, has skillfully developed a volume that will be important for both experts and students just entering the exciting field of nanoplasmonics and metamaterials. This book will certainly find a place within easy reach on my shelf." — Prof. Victor G. Veselago, A. M. Prokhorov Institute of General Physics, Russia"Overall, this book is very appropriate for graduate students, scientists, and engineers, either beginning to explore the field or already engaged in the research area. The scope of contents, quality of graphics, and clarity of the mathematical descriptions are very satisfactory to the reviewers. Therefore, we can recommend this book to readers who are interested in the field of nanoplasmonics."—Jae Yong Suh and Yoke Khin Yap of Michigan Technological University, USA"This book is timely and provides the most up-to-date concepts for experts in nanoplasmonics. It is also a good starting point for students who wish to learn about nanoplasmonics for the first time. The author is one of the leaders in the field and is ideally positioned to present this comprehensive volume. This book will play an important role in taking the subjects of nano-optics, nanoplasmonics, and metamaterials to new heights of invention and application. The information, recipes, and processes in the text can be immediately useful in the fast-paced realms of both theoretical and experimental investigations. Every researcher in nanoplasmonics should all have a copy of this book on the bookshelf." —Prof. Vladimir M. Shalaev, Purdue University, USA"This book provides a lucid introduction to the field of optics of nanoparticles and nanostructures, including all the necessary background and a comprehensive review of this new area in the optics. Professor Klimov, a world-leading expert in nano-optics, nanoplasmonics, and metamaterials, has skillfully developed a volume that will be important for both experts and students just entering the exciting field of nanoplasmonics and metamaterials. This book will certainly find a place within easy reach on my shelf." —Prof. Victor G. Veselago, A. M. Prokhorov Institute of General Physics, Russia"Overall, this book is very appropriate for graduate students, scientists, and engineers, either beginning to explore the field or already engaged in the research area. The scope of contents, quality of graphics, and clarity of the mathematical descriptions are very satisfactory to the reviewers. Therefore, we can recommend this book to readers who are interested in the field of nanoplasmonics."—Jae Yong Suh and Yoke Khin Yap of Michigan Technological University, USATable of ContentsIntroduction. The World of Nanoparticles. Introduction to Electrodynamics of Metals. Surface Plasmons. The Theory of Plasmon Oscillations in Nanoparticles. Plasmonic Properties of Spherical Particles. Plasmonic Properties of Nanospheroids. Plasmonic Properties of a Three-Axial Nano-Ellipsoid. Localized Plasmons in Polyhedral Nanoparticles. Localized Plasmons in Nanoparticles Clusters. Optical Properties of the Nanoparticles Made of "Unusual" Materials (Metamaterials). Optical Properties of Nanoholes in Metal Films. Applications of Nanoplasmonics. Appendix 1. Elements of the Theory of Atoms and Molecules Spontaneous Emission and Fluorescence in the Presence of Nanobodies. Appendix 2. Popular Numerical Methods in Nano-Optics and Nanoplasmonics. Appendix 3. Acronyms and Terms Used Frequently in Nanoplasmonics, Nano-Optics, and Allied Sciences.
£109.25
Pan Stanford Publishing Pte Ltd Handbook of Optical Microcavities
Book SynopsisAn optical cavity confines light within its structure and constitutes an integral part of a laser device. Unlike traditional gas lasers, semiconductor lasers are invariably much smaller in dimensions, making optical confinement more critical than ever. In this book, modern methods that control and manipulate light at the micrometer and nanometer scales by using a variety of cavity geometries and demonstrate optical resonance from ultra-violet (UV) to infra-red (IR) bands across multiple material platforms are explored.The book has a comprehensive collection of chapters that cover a wide range of topics pertaining to resonance in optical cavities and are contributed by leading researchers in the field. The topics include theory, design, simulation, fabrication, and characterization of micrometer- and nanometer-scale structures and devices that support cavity resonance via various mechanisms such as Fabry–Pérot, whispering gallery, photonic bandgap, and plasmonic modes. The chapters discuss optical cavities that resonate from UV to IR wavelengths and are based on prominent III-V material systems, including Al, In, and Ga nitrides, ZnO, and GaAs.Trade Review"Optical micro- and nano-cavities underpin many of the major developments in current photonic science and technology. Given the sheer diversity of materials, wavelengths, cavity configurations, and applications being investigated, the organised overview provided by Dr. Choi’s excellent Handbook of Optical Microcavities is particularly timely. The judiciously selected chapters cover all the key themes and will provide an invaluable and accessible reference to students, researchers, academics, and those working in applied science."—Prof. Martin Dawson, University of Strathclyde, UK"This edited volume provides a snapshot of the achievements and challenges of the development and application of optical microcavities. It covers topics ranging from photonic crystal microcavities for lighting applications to optomechanical resonators, as well as simulation of planar photonic resonators and MOCVD material growth, among others. The experts who contributed the 13 chapters have produced a highly readable, well-illustrated book. Apart from the chapter on resonator simulation, the authors keep mathematical content to a minimum and emphasize the physical aspects. The editor doesn’t explicitly identify a target audience, but this volume will be a useful first point of contact for those just beginning research in this field as well as more experienced practitioners who require a clear introduction to the basic ideas." —K. Alan Shore, Bangor University School of Electronic Engineering, Wales, United KingdomTable of ContentsPhotonic Crystal Microcavities and Microlasers T YoshieSimulation of Planar Photonic Resonators Jens FörstnerUltraviolet GaN-based lasers with micro-/nano-structures Hao -Chung Kuo(Al,Ga)N microdisk cavities Fabrice SemondMOCVD growth of nitride DBRs for optoelectronics Tao Wang III-Nitride Photonic Crystal LEDs for Lighting Applications Tom OderNanostructures in the III-nitride/Silicon material system Yongjin WangCoupling of a Light Emitter with Surface Plasmon Induced on a Metal Nanostructure for Emission Enhancement C.C. YangNanosphere-patterned III-nitride optical microcavities K.H. LiEpitaxial Lift off of GaN Films S.J. ChuaGallium Arsenide Disk Optomechanical Resonators Ivan FaveroWhispering Gallery Mode in ZnO with Hexagonal Cross Section Handong SunNanoscale Semiconductor Ring Lasers P.C. Ku
£171.00
Springer Verlag, Singapore Computational Optical Imaging
Book SynopsisThis book highlights a comprehensive introduction to the principles and calculation methods of computational optical imaging. Integrating optical imaging and computing technology to achieve significant performance improvements, computational optical imaging has become an active research field in optics.
£107.99
