Algorithms and data structures Books

Book SynopsisAt its core, information security deals with the secure and accurate transfer of information. While information security has long been important, it was, perhaps, brought more clearly into mainstream focus with the so-called “Y2K” issue. Te Y2K scare was the fear that c- puter networks and the systems that are controlled or operated by sofware would fail with the turn of the millennium, since their clocks could lose synchronization by not recognizing a number (instruction) with three zeros. A positive outcome of this scare was the creation of several Computer Emergency Response Teams (CERTs) around the world that now work - operatively to exchange expertise and information, and to coordinate in case major problems should arise in the modern IT environment. Te terrorist attacks of 11 September 2001 raised security concerns to a new level. Te - ternational community responded on at least two fronts; one front being the transfer of reliable information via secure networks and the other being the collection of information about - tential terrorists. As a sign of this new emphasis on security, since 2001, all major academic publishers have started technical journals focused on security, and every major communi- tions conference (for example, Globecom and ICC) has organized workshops and sessions on security issues. In addition, the IEEE has created a technical committee on Communication and Information Security. Te ?rst editor was intimately involved with security for the Athens Olympic Games of 2004.Trade ReviewAus den Rezensionen: “... Besonderes Augenmerk gilt dabei dem Wechselspiel zwischen Kommunikation und dem Bereich der Informationssicherheit. ... herausgegriffene Themen illustrieren die Relevanz des Buchs. … Verschiedene HIPs werden vorgestellt und verglichen Weitere Beitrage befassen sich mit Phishing Attacken bzw mit Authentifikationen mittels biometrischer Methoden. ... Die Beitrage sind theoretisch fundiert und oft praxisbezogen. … Das Buch eignet sich deshalb gut als Einstiegslektüre für Studierende oder für Informatiker, die sich nur am Rande für die Sicherheitsthematik interessieren. Für Experten ist das Buch eine wertvolle, vielseitige Inspirationsquelle.“ (in: Bulletin electrosuisse, 2/July/2010, Issue 7, S. 121)Table of ContentsPart A Fundamentals and Cryptography A Framework for System Security .- Public-Key Cryptography.- Elliptic Curve Cryptography.- Cryptographic Hash Functions.- Block Cipher Cryptanalysis.- Chaos-Based Information Security.- Bio-Cryptography.- Quantum Cryptography.- Part B Intrusion Detection and Access Control Intrusion Detection and Prevention Systems.- Intrusion Detection Systems.- Intranet Security via Firewalls.- Distributed Port Scan Detection.- Host-Based Anomaly Intrusion Detection.- Security in Relational Databases.- Anti-Bot Strategies Based on Human Interactive Proofs.- Access and Usage Control in GRID Systems.- Secure Human Identification.- Part C Networking Peer-to-Peer Botnets.- Security of Service Networks.- SCADA Security.- Mobile Ad-Hoc Network Routing.- Security Approach for Ad–Hoc Networks.- Phishing: Attacks and Countermeasures´.- Part D Optical Networking Chaos-Based Secure Optical Communications.- Chaos Applications in Optical Communications.- Part E Wireless Networking Security in Wireless Sensor Networks.- Secure routing in Wireless Sensor Networks.- Security Via Surveillance and Monitoring.- Security and QoS in Wireless Networks.- Part F Software Low-Level Software Security by Example.- Software Reverse Engineering.- Trusted Computing.- Security via Trusted Communications.- Viruses and Malware.- Designing a Secure Programming Language.- Part G Forensics and Legal Issues Fundamentals of Digital Forensic Evidence.- Multimedia Forensics for Detecting Forgeries.- Technological and Legal Aspects of CIS Subject Index

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Book SynopsisNo pleasure lasts long unless there is variety in it. Publilius Syrus, Moral Sayings We've been very fortunate to receive fantastic feedback from our readers during the last four years, since the first edition of How to Solve It: Modern Heuristics was published in 1999. It's heartening to know that so many people appreciated the book and, even more importantly, were using the book to help them solve their problems. One professor, who published a review of the book, said that his students had given the best course reviews he'd seen in 15 years when using our text. There can be hardly any better praise, except to add that one of the book reviews published in a SIAM journal received the best review award as well. We greatly appreciate your kind words and personal comments that you sent, including the few cases where you found some typographical or other errors. Thank you all for this wonderful support.Table of ContentsI What Are the Ages of My Three Sons?.- 1 Why Are Some Problems Difficult to Solve?.- II How Important Is a Model?.- 2 Basic Concepts.- III What Are the Prices in 7–11?.- 3 Traditional Methods — Part 1.- IV What Are the Numbers?.- 4 Traditional Methods — Part 2.- V What’s the Color of the Bear?.- 5 Escaping Local Optima.- VI How Good Is Your Intuition?.- 6 An Evolutionary Approach.- VII One of These Things Is Not Like the Others.- 7 Designing Evolutionary Algorithms.- VIII What Is the Shortest Way?.- 8 The Traveling Salesman Problem.- IX Who Owns the Zebra?.- 9 Constraint-Handling Techniques.- X Can You Tune to the Problem?.- 10 Tuning the Algorithm to the Problem.- XI Can You Mate in Two Moves?.- 11 Time-Varying Environments and Noise.- XII Day of the Week of January 1st.- 12 Neural Networks.- XIII What Was the Length of the Rope?.- 13 Fuzzy Systems.- XIV Everything Depends on Something Else.- 14 Coevolutionary Systems.- XV Who’s Taller?.- 15 Multicriteria Decision-Making.- XVI Do You Like Simple Solutions?.- 16 Hybrid Systems.- 17 Summary.- Appendix A: Probability and Statistics.- A.1 Basic concepts of probability.- A.2 Random variables.- A.2.1 Discrete random variables.- A.2.2 Continuous random variables.- A.3 Descriptive statistics of random variables.- A.4 Limit theorems and inequalities.- A.5 Adding random variables.- A.6 Generating random numbers on a computer.- A.7 Estimation.- A.8 Statistical hypothesis testing.- A.9 Linear regression.- A.10 Summary.- Appendix B: Problems and Projects.- B.1 Trying some practical problems.- B.2 Reporting computational experiments with heuristic methods.- References.

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Book SynopsisIn modern computing a program is usually distributed among several processes. The fundamental challenge when developing reliable and secure distributed programs is to support the cooperation of processes required to execute a common task, even when some of these processes fail. Failures may range from crashes to adversarial attacks by malicious processes.Cachin, Guerraoui, and Rodrigues present an introductory description of fundamental distributed programming abstractions together with algorithms to implement them in distributed systems, where processes are subject to crashes and malicious attacks. The authors follow an incremental approach by first introducing basic abstractions in simple distributed environments, before moving to more sophisticated abstractions and more challenging environments. Each core chapter is devoted to one topic, covering reliable broadcast, shared memory, consensus, and extensions of consensus. For every topic, many exercises and their solutions enhance the understanding This book represents the second edition of "Introduction to Reliable Distributed Programming". Its scope has been extended to include security against malicious actions by non-cooperating processes. This important domain has become widely known under the name "Byzantine fault-tolerance". Table of Contents1. Introduction. - 1.1 Motivation. -1.2 Distributed Programming Abstractions. 1.3 The End-to-End Argument. 1.4 Software Components. - 1.5 Classes of Algorithms. -1.6 Chapter Notes. 2. Basic Abstractions. - 2.1 Distributed Computation. - 2.2 Abstracting Processes. - 2.3 Cryptographic Abstractions. - 2.4 Abstracting Communication. - 2.5 Timing Assumptions. - 2.6 Abstracting Time. - 2.7 Distributed-System Models. - 2.8 Exercises. - 2.9 Solutions. - 2.10 Chapter Notes . - . - 3. Reliable Broadcast. - 3.1 Motivation. - 3.2 Best-Effort Broadcast. - 3.3 Regular Reliable Broadcast. - 3.4 Uniform Reliable Broadcast. - 3.5 Stubborn Broadcast. - 3.6 Logged Best-Effort Broadcast. - 3.7 Logged Uniform Reliable Broadcast. - 3.8 Probabilistic Broadcast. - 3.9 FIFO and Causal Broadcast. - 3.10 Byzantine Consistent Broadcast. - 3.11 Byzantine Reliable Broadcast. - 3.12 Byzantine Broadcast Channels. - 3.13 Exercises. - 3.14 Solutions. - 3.15 Chapter Notes . - . - 4. Shared Memory. - 4.1 Introduction. - 4.2 (1, N) Regular Register. - 4.3 (1, N) Atomic Register. - 4.4 (N, N) Atomic Register. - 4.5 (1, N) Logged Regular Register. - 4.6 (1,N) Byzantine Safe Register. - 4.7 (1, N) Byzantine Regular Register. - 4.8 (1,N) Byzantine Atomic Register. - 4.9 Exercises. - 4.10 Solutions. - 4.11 Chapter Notes . - . - 5. Consensus. - 5.1 Regular Consensus. - 5.2 Uniform Consensus. - 5.3 Uniform Consensus in the Fail-Noisy Model. - 5.4 Logged Consensus. - 5.5 Randomized Consensus. - 5.6 Byzantine Consensus. - 5.7 Byzantine Randomized Consensus. - 5.8 Exercises. - 5.9 Solutions. - 5.10 Chapter Notes . - . - 6. Consensus Variants. - 6.1 Total-Order Broadcast. - 6.2 Byzantine Total-Order Broadcast. - 6.3 Terminating Reliable Broadcast. - 6.4 Fast Consensus. - 6.5 Fast Byzantine Consensus. - 6.6 Non-blocking Atomic Commit. - 6.7 Group Membership. - 6.8 View-Synchronous Communication. - 6.9 Exercises. - 6.10 Solutions. - 6.11 Chapter Notes . - . - 7. Concluding Remarks. - 7.1 Implementation in Appia. - 7.2 Further Implementations. - 7.3 Further Reading

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Book SynopsisThis book constitutes the proceedings of the International Conference on Information Security and Assurance, held in Brno, Czech Republic in August 2011.

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Book SynopsisComputer science is the science of the future, and already underlies every facet of business and technology, and much of our everyday lives. In addition, it will play a crucial role in the science the 21st century, which will be dominated by biology and biochemistry, similar to the role of mathematics in the physical sciences of the 20th century. In this award-winning best-seller, the author and his co-author focus on the fundamentals of computer science, which revolve around the notion of the algorithm. They discuss the design of algorithms, and their efficiency and correctness, the inherent limitations of algorithms and computation, quantum algorithms, concurrency, large systems and artificial intelligence. Throughout, the authors, in their own words, stress the ‘fundamental and robust nature of the science in a form that is virtually independent of the details of specific computers, languages and formalisms'. This version of the book is published to celebrate 25 years since its first edition, and in honor of the Alan M. Turing Centennial year. Turing was a true pioneer of computer science, whose work forms the underlying basis of much of this book. Trade ReviewFrom the reviews of the third edition:“This book should be on any short list for a central course in computer science. It is designed to provide a uniform background on which all students might draw. It has a good-humored, easy style, which would make any reader unwilling to close the book after opening it anywhere. All computer scientists should have this book. … the bibliography is organized in a convenient chapter-by-chapter form, which makes the book useful for advanced work, and the exercises will help instructors identify capable students.” (Harvey Cohn, ACM Computing Reviews, August, 2012)“This is a reprint of the 3rd edition on the occasion of the 25th year of the existence of the book; it is also intended to honor Alan Turing’s 100th birthday. … it is highly readable, even if one is largely acquainted with the field. It is very well written, containing many illustrative examples, suited also for the non-specialist.” (Gunther Schmidt, Zentralblatt MATH, Vol. 1243, 2012)Table of ContentsPreliminaries.- and Historical Review.- Algorithms and Data.- Programming Languages and Paradigms.- Methods and Analysis.- Algorithmic Methods.- The Correctness of Algorithms.- The Efficiency of Algorithms.- Limitations and Robustness.- Inefficiency and Intractability.- Noncomputability and Undecidability.- Algorithmic Universality and Its Robustness.- Relaxing the Rules.- Parallelism, Concurrency, and Alternative Models.- Probabilistic Algorithms.- Cryptography and Reliable Interaction.- The Bigger Picture.- Software Engineering.- Reactive Systems.- Algorithmics and Intelligence.

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Book SynopsisThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 13th Algorithms and Data Structures Symposium, WADS 2013, held in London, ON, Canada, August 2013. The Algorithms and Data Structures Symposium - WADS (formerly "Workshop on Algorithms and Data Structures") is intended as a forum for researchers in the area of design and analysis of algorithms and data structures. The 44 revised full papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 139 submissions. The papers present original research on algorithms and data structures in all areas, including bioinformatics, combinatorics, computational geometry, databases, graphics, and parallel and distributed computing.Table of ContentsAlgorithms and data structures in bioinformatics.- Algorithms and data structures in combinatorics.- Algorithms and data structures in computational geometry.- Algorithms and data structures in databases.- Algorithms and data structures in graphics.- Parallel and distributed computing.

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Book SynopsisTo learn to program is to be initiated into an entirely new way of thinking about engineering, mathematics, and the world in general. Computation is integral to all modern engineering disciplines, so the better you are at programming, the better you will be in your chosen field.The author departs radically from the typical presentation by teaching concepts and techniques in a rigorous manner rather than listing how to use libraries and functions. He presents pointers in the very first chapter as part of the development of a computational model that facilitates an ab initio presentation of subjects such as function calls, call-by-reference, arrays, the stack, and the heap. The model also allows students to practice the essential skill of memory manipulation throughout the entire course rather than just at the end. As a result, this textbook goes further than is typical for a one-semester course -- abstract data types and linked lists, for example, are covered in depth. The computational model will also serve students in their adventures with programming beyond the course: instead of falling back on rules, they can think through the model to decide how a new programming concept fits with what they already know.The book is appropriate for undergraduate students of engineering and computer science, and graduate students of other disciplines. It contains many exercises integrated into the main text, and the author has made the source code available online.Trade Review"This book builds a well-defined computation model that allows concepts that are important in technical and scientific applications -- like pointers, arrays and recursion -- to be gradually and rigorously introduced. The languages covered by the book, C and MATLAB, are highly relevant to engineering applications.Clarity of exposition, numerous well-chosen examples, pedagogical savvy, and logical sequencing of the topics all help the reader's progress through the chapters and make for an enjoyable learning experience. This book prepares one well to deal with advanced programming language constructs and the design of large, complex applications by promoting mastery of the fundamentals, by covering important practical aspects of a programmer's activity, and by instilling good design and implementation habits. It is therefore ideally suited for self-study or as a textbook in an introductory college-level programming course for engineers and similarly technically-minded students."Fabio Somenzi (University of Colorado at Boulder)Table of ContentsChap. 1, Memory: The Stack.- Chap. 2, Control.- Chap. 3, Arrays and Strings.- Chap. 4, Debugging.- Chap. 5, I/O.- Chap. 6, Memory: The Heap.- Chap. 7, Abstract Data Types.- Chap. 8, Linked Lists.- Chap. 9, Introduction to Matlab.- Chap. 10, Exploring ODEs with Matlab.- Chap. 11, Exploring Time and Frequency Domains with Matlab.- Chap. 12, Index.

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Book SynopsisComputer science is the science of the future, and already underlies every facet of business and technology, and much of our everyday lives. In addition, it will play a crucial role in the science the 21st century, which will be dominated by biology and biochemistry, similar to the role of mathematics in the physical sciences of the 20th century. In this award-winning best-seller, the author and his co-author focus on the fundamentals of computer science, which revolve around the notion of the algorithm. They discuss the design of algorithms, and their efficiency and correctness, the inherent limitations of algorithms and computation, quantum algorithms, concurrency, large systems and artificial intelligence. Throughout, the authors, in their own words, stress the ‘fundamental and robust nature of the science in a form that is virtually independent of the details of specific computers, languages and formalisms'. This version of the book is published to celebrate 25 years since its first edition, and in honor of the Alan M. Turing Centennial year. Turing was a true pioneer of computer science, whose work forms the underlying basis of much of this book. Trade ReviewFrom the reviews of the third edition:“This book should be on any short list for a central course in computer science. It is designed to provide a uniform background on which all students might draw. It has a good-humored, easy style, which would make any reader unwilling to close the book after opening it anywhere. All computer scientists should have this book. … the bibliography is organized in a convenient chapter-by-chapter form, which makes the book useful for advanced work, and the exercises will help instructors identify capable students.” (Harvey Cohn, ACM Computing Reviews, August, 2012)“This is a reprint of the 3rd edition on the occasion of the 25th year of the existence of the book; it is also intended to honor Alan Turing’s 100th birthday. … it is highly readable, even if one is largely acquainted with the field. It is very well written, containing many illustrative examples, suited also for the non-specialist.” (Gunther Schmidt, Zentralblatt MATH, Vol. 1243, 2012)Table of ContentsPreliminaries.- and Historical Review.- Algorithms and Data.- Programming Languages and Paradigms.- Methods and Analysis.- Algorithmic Methods.- The Correctness of Algorithms.- The Efficiency of Algorithms.- Limitations and Robustness.- Inefficiency and Intractability.- Noncomputability and Undecidability.- Algorithmic Universality and Its Robustness.- Relaxing the Rules.- Parallelism, Concurrency, and Alternative Models.- Probabilistic Algorithms.- Cryptography and Reliable Interaction.- The Bigger Picture.- Software Engineering.- Reactive Systems.- Algorithmics and Intelligence.

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Book SynopsisDas Buch Arithmetik ist eine Übersetzung des vierten Kapitels der legendären Werkreihe "The Art of Computer Programming" von Donald E. Knuth in der neuesten Fassung. Es handelt sich um eine umfangreiche Einführung in die Computeralgebra, die den neuesten Stand der Forschung berücksichtigt. Donald E. Knuth versteht es, die Algorithmen didaktisch sehr geschickt und ohne Kompromisse bei der Strenge aufzubereiten. Das Buch enthält außerdem Hunderte von Aufgaben verschiedener Schwierigkeitsgrade mit Lösungen. Der Übersetzer, Prof. Dr. R. Loos, lehrt an der Universität Tübingen.Table of Contents4 — Arithmetik.- 4.1. Stellenwertsysteme.- 4.2. Gleitkomma-Aritlunetik.- 4.2.1. Einfachgenaue Rechnungen.- 4.2.2. Genauigkeit der Gleitkonuna-Arithmetik.- *4.2.3. Doppeltgenaue Rechnungen.- 4.2.4. Verteilung von Gleitkomrnazahlen.- 4.3. Mehrfachgenaue Aritlunetik.- 4.3.1. Die klassischen Algorithmen.- *4.3.2. Modulare Aritlnnetik.- *4.3.3. Wie schnell könn en wir multiplizieren?.- 4.4. Basiswechsel.- 4.5. Rationale Arithmetik.- 4.5.1. Brüche.- 4.5.2. Der größte gemeinsame Teiler.- *4.5.3. Analyse des euklidschen Algorithmus.- 4.5.4. Zerlegung in Prirnfaktoren.- 4.6. Polynornarithmetik.- 4.6.1. Division von Polynomen.- *4.6.2. Faktorisierung von Polynomen.- 4.6.3. Auswertung von Potenzen.- 4.6.4. Auswertung von Polynomen.- *4.7. Operationen an Potenzreihen.- Lösungen zu den Übungsaufgaben.- Anhang A — Tafeln numerischer Größen.- 1. Fundamentale Konstanten (dezimal).- 2. Fundamentale Konstanten (oktal).- 3. Harrnonische Zahlen , Bernoulli-Zahlen, Fibonacci-Zahlen.- Anhang B — Index der Bezeichnungen.- Index und Glossar.

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Book SynopsisThe development of powerful computer algebra systems has considerably ex­ tended the scope of problems of scientific computing which can now be solved successfully with the aid of computers. However, as the field of applications of computer algebra in scientific computing becomes broader and more complex, there is a danger of separation between theory, systems, and applications. For this reason, we felt the need to bring together the researchers who now ap­ ply the tools of computer algebra for the solution of problems in scientific computing, in order to foster new and closer interactions. CASC'99 is the second conference devoted to applications of computer al­ gebra in scientific computing. The first conference in this sequence, CASC'98, was held 20-24 April 1998 in St. Petersburg, Russia. This volume contains revised versions of the papers submitted by the par­ ticipants and accepted by the program committee after a thorough reviewing process. The collection of papers included in the proceedings covers various topics of computer algebra methods, algorithms and software applied to scien­ tific computing: symbolic-numeric analysis and solving differential equations, efficient computations with polynomials, groups, matrices and other related objects, special purpose programming environments, application to physics, mechanics, optics and to other areas. In particular, a significant group of papers deals with applications of com­ puter algebra methods for the solution of current problems in group theory, which mostly arise in mathematical physics.Table of ContentsSolution of Ordinary Differential Equations with MathLie.- Analysis of Stability of Rational Approximations through Computer Algebra.- An Automatic Symbolic-Numeric Taylor Series ODE Solver.- About Normal Form Method.- Computer Algebra Investigation of Equivalence in 4-node Plane Stress/Strain Finite Elements.- Symmetry Theorems for the Newtonian 4- and 5-body Problems with Equal Masses.- Symbolic Derivation of Different Class of High-order Compact Schemes for Partial Differential Equations.- Implementation of Aerodynamic Computations with Mathematica.- Completion of Linear Differential Systems to Involution.- Constrained Hamiltonian Systems and Gröbner Bases.- Construction of Involutive Monomial Sets for Different Involutive Divisions.- Partial Inverse Heuristic for the Approximate Solution of Non-linear Equations.- Computing Cocycles on Simplicial Complexes.- Bifurcations of Maps in the Software Package CONTENT.- Extending a Java Based Framework for Scientific Software-Components.- Symbolic-numeric Investigations for Stability Analysis of Satellite Systems.- Quantization by Presentation: The Nambu-Goto String in 1+3 Dimensions.- One Algorithm of Finding Solutions for the Systems with First Integrals.- Cohomology of Lie Superalgebras of Hamiltonian Vector Fields: Computer Analysis.- Computer Algebra Tools in Construction of Renormgroup Symmetries 251.- Where Numerics Can Benefit from Computer Algebra in Finite Difference Modelling of Fluid Flows.- Effectively Computation of Some Radicals of Submodules of Free Modules.- Computations on Character Tables of Association Schemes.- Investigation of Subgroup Embeddings by the Computer Algebra Package GAP.- An Investigation into Stability of Conservative Mechanical Systems Using Analytic Calculations.- Superfast Computations with Singular Structured Matrices over Abstract Fields.- From Modeling to Simulation with Symbolic Computation: An Application to Design and Performance Analysis of Complex Optical Devices.- A Symbolic Numeric Environment for Analyzing Measurement Data in Multi-Model Settings (Extended Abstract).- Geometric Interpretation of Strong Inconsistency in Knowledge Based Systems.- Indices and Solvability for General Systems of Differential Equations.- Decomposing Systems of Polynomial Equations.- Polynomials with Coefficients of Limited Accuracy.- Localization of Roots of a Polynomial not Represented in Canonical Form.- On Normalization of a Class of Polynomial Hamiltonians: From Ordinary and Inverse Points of View.- On Multivariate Polynomial Decomposition.- Complexity of Monomial Evaluations and Duality.- On the Simplification of Nonlinear DAE Systems in Analog Circuit Design.- Symbolic Analysis of Computational Algorithms with SYDNA.

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Book SynopsisThe design and analysis of data structures and efficient algorithms has gained considerable importance in recent years. The concept of "algorithm" is central in computer science, and "efficiency" is central in the world of money. I have organized the material in three volumes and nine chapters. Vol. 1: Sorting and Searching (chapters I to III) Vol. 2: Graph Algorithms and NP-completeness (chapters IV to VI) Vol. 3: Multi-dimensional Searching and Computational G- metry (chapters VII and VIII) Volumes 2 and 3 have volume 1 as a common basis but are indepen­ dent from each other. Most of volumes 2 and 3 can be understood without knowing volume 1 in detail. A general kowledge of algorith­ mic principles as laid out in chapter 1 or in many other books on algorithms and data structures suffices for most parts of volumes 2 and 3. The specific prerequisites for volumes 2 and 3 are listed in the prefaces to these volumes. In all three volumes we present and analyse many important efficient algorithms for the fundamental computa­ tional problems in the area. Efficiency is measured by the running time on a realistic model of a computing machine which we present in chapter I. Most of the algorithms presented are very recent inven­ tions; after all computer science is a very young field. There are hardly any theorems in this book which are older than 20 years and at least fifty percent of the material is younger than 10 years.Table of ContentsI. Foundations.- 1. Machine Models: RAM and RASP.- 2. Randomized Computations.- 3. A High Level Programming Language.- 4. Structured Data Types.- 4.1 Queues and Stacks.- 4.2 Lists.- 4.3 Trees.- 5. Recursion.- 6. Order of Growth.- 7. Secondary Storage.- 8. Exercises.- 9. Bibliographic Notes.- II. Sorting.- 1. General Sorting Methods.- 1.1 Sorting by Selection, a First Attempt.- 1.2 Sorting by Selection: Heapsort.- 1.3 Sorting by Partitioning: Quicksort.- 1.4 Sorting by Merging.- 1.5 Comparing Different Algorithms.- 1.6 Lower Bounds.- 2. Sorting by Distribution.- 2.1 Sorting Words.- 2.2 Sorting Reals by Distribution.- 3. The Lower Bound on Sorting, Revisited.- 4. The Linear Median Algorithm.- 5. Exercises.- 6. Bibliographic Notes.- III. Sets.- 1. Digital Search Trees.- 1.1 Tries.- 1.2 Static Tries or Compressing Sparse Tables.- 2. Hashing.- 2.1 Hashing with Chaining.- 2.2 Hashing with Open Addressing.- 2.3 Perfect Hashing.- 2.4 Universal Hashing.- 2.5 Extendible Hashing.- 3. Searching Ordered Sets.- 3.1 Binary Search and Search Trees.- 3.2 Interpolation Search.- 4. Weighted Trees.- 4.1 Optimum Weighted Trees, Dynamic Programming, and Pattern Matching.- 4.2 Nearly Optimal Binary Search Trees.- 5. Balanced Trees.- 5.1 Weight-Balanced Trees.- 5.2 Height-Balanced Trees.- 5.3 AdvancedTopicson(a,b)-Trees.- 5.3.1 Mergable Priority Queues.- 5.3.2 Amortized Rebalancing Cost and Sorting Presorted Files.- 5.3.3 Finger Trees.- 5.3.4 Fringe Analysis.- 6. Dynamic Weighted Trees.- 6.1 Self-Organizing Data Structures and Their Amortized and Average Case Analysis.- 6.1.1 Self-Organizing Linear Lists.- 6.1.2 Splay Trees.- 6.2 D-trees.- 6.3 An Application to Multidimensional Searching.- 7. A Comparison of Search Structures.- 8. Subsets of a Small Universe.- 8.1 The Boolean Array (Bitvector).- 8.2 The O(log log N) Priority Queue.- 8.3 The Union-Find Problem.- 9. Exercises.- 10. Bibliographic Notes.- IX. Algorithmic Paradigms.

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Table of ContentsVII. Multidimensional Data Structures.- 1. A Black Box Approach to Data Structures.- 1.1 Dynamization.- 1.2 Weighting and Weighted Dynamization.- 1.3 Order Decomposable Problems.- 2. Multi-dimensional Searching Problems.- 2.1 D-dimensional Trees and Polygon Trees.- 2.2 Range Trees and Multidimensional Divide and Conquer.- 2.3 Lower Bounds.- 2.3.1 Partial MatchRetrieval in Minimum Space.- 2.3.2 The Spanning Bound.- 3. Exercises.- 4. Bibliographic Notes.- VIII. Computational Geometry.- 1. Convex Polygons.- 2. Convex Hulls.- 3. Voronoi Diagrams and Searching Planar Subdivisions.- 3.1 Voronoi Diagrams.- 3.2 Searching Planar Subdivisions.- 3.2.1 Removal of Large Independent Sets.- 3.2.2 Path Decompositions.- 3.2.3 Searching Dynamic Planar Subdivisions.- 3.3 Applications.- 4. The Sweep Paradigm.- 4.1 Intersection of Line Segments and Other Intersection Problems in the Plane.- 4.2 Triangulation and its Applications.- 4.3 Space Sweep.- 5. The Realm of Orthogonal Objects.- 5.1 Plane Sweep for Iso-Oriented Objects.- 5.1.1 The Interval Tree and its Applications.- 5.1.2 The Priority Search Tree and its Applications.- 5.1.3 Segment Trees.- 5.1.4 Path Decomposition and Plane Sweep for Non-Iso-Oriented Objects.- 5.2 Divide and Conquer on Iso-Oriented Objects.- 5.2.1 The Line Segment Intersection Problem.- 5.2.2 The Measure and Contour Problems.- 5.3 Intersection Problems in Higher-Dimensional Space.- 6. Geometric Transforms.- 6.1 Duality.- 6.2 Inversion.- 7. Exercises.- 8. Bibliographic Notes.- IX. Algorithmic Paradigms.

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Book Synopsis

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Book SynopsisDas an Studienanfänger der Mathematik gerichtete Lehrbuch bietet eine breit angelegte Einführung in verschiedene Facetten der computerorientierten Mathematik. Es ermöglicht eine frühzeitige und wertvolle Auseinandersetzung mit computerorientierten Methoden, Denkweisen und Arbeitstechniken innerhalb der Mathematik.Hierzu werden grundlegende mathematische Teilgebiete behandelt, die eine enge Beziehung zu computerorientierten Aspekten haben: Graphen, mathematische Algorithmen, Rekursionsgleichungen, computerorientierte lineare Algebra, Zahlen, Polynome und ihre Nullstellen. Anhand des mathematischen Kernstrangs werden Einblicke in die Modellierung, Analyse und algorithmische Aufbereitung fundamentaler mathematischer Sachverhalte gegeben. Eine Besonderheit des Buches ist die Verwendung des sich immer stärker in Forschung und Lehre verbreitenden, frei verfügbaren Software-Systems Sage.Das Buch eignet sich besonders gut zur Komplementierung der klassischen Grundvorlesungen in Analysis und linearer Algebra.Trade Review“... Jedes Kapitel wird durch theoretisch ausgestaltete Übungsaufgaben sowie weiterführende Anmerkungen mit Quellenangaben direkt am Kapitelende komplettiert. ... Insgesamt ist dies ein gelungenes Lehrbuch zur computerorientierten Mathematik, das sowohl für eine Vorlesung für Erstsemester als auch als Hintergrundliteratur für ein Computerpraktikum zu Studienbeginn sehr gut geeignet ist ...” (Anne Frühbis-Krüger, in: Computer Algebra, Heft 58, März 2016)Table of ContentsEinleitung und Überblick.- Grundlegende Begriffe und Techniken.- Das Software-System Sage.- Graphen.- Einstieg in die Mathematik mit Sage.- Algorithmen und Rekursion.- Grundlegende mathematische Algorithmen.- Rechnen mit komplexen Zahlen.- Computerorientierte lineare Algebra.- Polynome und ihre Nullstellen.- Computerorientierte Fallstudien natürlicher Zahlen.- Anhang: Analysis, Lineare Algebra, Notation, Liste der verwendeten Sage-Befehle.

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Book SynopsisDieses Buch bietet einen historisch orientierten Einstieg in die Algorithmik, also die Lehre von den Algorithmen, in Mathematik, Informatik und darüber hinaus. Besondere Merkmale und Zielsetzungen sind: Elementarität und Anschaulichkeit, die Berücksichtigung der historischen Entwicklung, Motivation der Begriffe und Verfahren anhand konkreter, aussagekräftiger Beispiele unter Einbezug moderner Werkzeuge (Computeralgebrasysteme, Internet). Als Zusatzmedien werden computer- und internetspezifische Interaktions- und Visualisierungsmöglichkeiten (kostenlos) zur Verfügung gestellt. Das Werk wendet sich an Studierende und Lehrende an Schulen und Hochschulen sowie an Nichtspezialisten, die an den Themen "Computer/Algorithmen/Programmierung" einschließlich ihrer historischen und geisteswissenschaftlichen Dimension interessiert sind.Table of ContentsEinleitung.- Begriffsbestimmungen.- Historische Bezüge.- Fundamentale heuristische Strategien des algorithmischen Problemlösens.- Effizienz von Algorithmen.- Korrektheit von Algorithmen, Korrektheit von Computerergebnissen.- Grenzen der Algorithmisierbarkeit, Grenzen des Computers.- Programmierung.- Informationstheorie, Codierung und Kryptographie.- Evolutionäre Algorithmen und neuronale Netze.

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Book SynopsisDas Buch bietet ein ausgewogenes Verhältnis zwischen Theorie und praktischen Anwendungen des berechnenden Ingenieurswesens. Es illustriert sowohl die mathematischen Modelle im Computational Engineering, wie auch die zugehörigen Simulationsmethoden für die verschiedenen Ingenieursanwendungen und benennt geeignete Softwarepakete. Die umfangreichen Beispiele aus der berechnenden Ingenieurswissenschaft, welche Wärme- und Massentransport, Plasmasimulation und hydrodynamische Transportprobleme einschließen, geben dem Leser einen Überblick zu den aktuellen Themen und deren praktische Umsetzung in spätere Simulationsprogramme. Übungsaufgaben und prüfungsrelevante Fragen schließen die einzelnen Kapitel ab.Table of ContentsEinführung in Computational Engineering - Theoretischer Überblick zu den numerischen Verfahren - Theoretischer Überblick zu den Modellen - Schwerpunkt: Numerische Verfahren im Bereich der Transportmodelle - Schwerpunkt: Multiskalenmodelle und deren Multiskalenlöser - Algorithmische Umsetzung der theoretischen Verfahren - Praktische Anwendung in ingenieurswissenschaftlichen Problemstellungen.

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Book SynopsisThis book is a comprehensive introduction to the methods and algorithms of modern data analytics. It provides a sound mathematical basis, discusses advantages and drawbacks of different approaches, and enables the reader to design and implement data analytics solutions for real-world applications. This book has been used for more than ten years in the Data Mining course at the Technical University of Munich. Much of the content is based on the results of industrial research and development projects at Siemens.Table of ContentsData Analytics - Data and Relations - Data Preprocessing - Data Visualization - Correlation - Regression - Forecasting - Classification - Clustering.

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Book SynopsisThis self-contained monograph presents matrix algorithms and their analysis. The new technique enables not only the solution of linear systems but also the approximation of matrix functions, e.g., the matrix exponential. Other applications include the solution of matrix equations, e.g., the Lyapunov or Riccati equation. The required mathematical background can be found in the appendix.The numerical treatment of fully populated large-scale matrices is usually rather costly. However, the technique of hierarchical matrices makes it possible to store matrices and to perform matrix operations approximately with almost linear cost and a controllable degree of approximation error. For important classes of matrices, the computational cost increases only logarithmically with the approximation error. The operations provided include the matrix inversion and LU decomposition.Since large-scale linear algebra problems are standard in scientific computing, the subject of hierarchical matrices is of interest to scientists in computational mathematics, physics, chemistry and engineering.Trade Review“Every line of the book reflects that the author is the leading expert for hierarchical matrices. … Hierarchical matrices: algorithms and analysis is without a doubt a beautiful, comprehensive introduction to hierarchical matrices that can serve as both a graduate level textbook and a valuable resource for future research.” (Thomas Mach, Mathematical Reviews, April, 2017)“The book ‘Hierarchical matrices: algorithms and analysis’ is a self-contained monograph which presents an efficient possibility to handle the numerical treatment of fully populated large scale matrices appearing in scientific computations, and therefore it is of interest to scientists in computational mathematics, physics, chemistry and engineering.” (Constantin Popa, zbMATH 1336.65041, 2016)Table of ContentsPreface.- Part I: Introductory and Preparatory Topics.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Rank-r Matrices.- 3. Introductory Example.- 4. Separable Expansions and Low-Rank Matrices.- 5. Matrix Partition.- Part II: H-Matrices and Their Arithmetic.- 6. Definition and Properties of Hierarchical Matrices.- 7. Formatted Matrix Operations for Hierarchical Matrices.- 8. H2-Matrices.- 9. Miscellaneous Supplements.- Part III: Applications.- 10. Applications to Discretised Integral Operators.- 11. Applications to Finite Element Matrices.- 12. Inversion with Partial Evaluation.- 13. Eigenvalue Problems.- 14. Matrix Functions.- 15. Matrix Equations.- 16. Tensor Spaces.- Part IV: Appendices.- A. Graphs and Trees.- B. Polynomials.- C. Linear Algebra and Functional Analysis.- D. Sinc Functions and Exponential Sums.- E. Asymptotically Smooth Functions.- References.- Index.

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Book SynopsisInformatik ist der Schlüssel, um unsere zunehmend digitalisierte Welt zu verstehen! In diesem Buch lesen Sie nicht nur, wie Navis den günstigsten Weg bestimmen, wie so viele Bilder auf eine kleine Speicherkarte passen oder welche Dinge ein Computer eben nicht ausrechnen kann. Mit Papier und Bleistift und den Bastelvorlagen können Sie die Antworten auf diese und viele weitere Fragen selbst buchstäblich begreifen. Ein Computer ist dafür gar nicht nötig! Genau genommen sind im Buch sogar mehrere Computer aus Pappe enthalten, anhand derer man besser versteht, wie die "echten" Geräte gestaltet sind und wie diese funktionieren. Als Neuerung gibt es ergänzende, aktive Webseiten, die Sie frei (und ohne Werbung) aus dem Internet abrufen können, um mit ihnen zu experimentieren. Das Buch ist für alle da, die schon immer mal hinter die Kulissen der Wissenschaft Informatik schauen wollten: Vom Schüler zum Lehrer, vom Studenten zum Professor, vom interessierten Laien zum IT-Experten, der zwar genau weiß, wie er bestimmte Dinge zu tun hat, aber vielleicht nicht, warum sie so funktionieren oder wie er den Kern seiner tägliche Arbeit seiner Familie verständlich machen kann. Die 5. Auflage enthält zusätzliche Kapitel mit neuem Material sowie die Erweiterung und Überarbeitung der vorhandenen Kapitel. Das bewährte Hands-on-Konzept mit Experimenten und Bastelbögen zum Ausschneiden ist der durchgängige rote Faden.Stimmen zu vorhergehenden Auflagen:„Wer mit einem Informatikstudium liebäugelt, erhält einen Vorgeschmack auf das, was ihn erwartet - alle anderen können das Buch einfach zum Vergnügen lesen.“ c't – Magazin für Computertechnik„Lassen Sie sich also ein auf das ‚Abenteuer Informatik’! Ich bin sicher, dass Sie Spaß daran haben“ LOG IN – Informatische Bildung und Computer in der Schule„Auch wenn es unglaublich klingt: Abenteuer Informatik ist ein Buch über wichtige Prinzipien der modernen informationsverarbeitenden Alltagswelt, das man beim Lesen nicht mehr aus der Hand legen will.“ BIOspektrum„Mit bester Empfehlung!" PM – Praxis der Mathematik„Bits zum Begreifen" Bild der WissenschaftProf. Dr. Jens Gallenbacher liegt am Herzen, die Fachwissenschaft Informatik lebendig und mit einem hohen Allgemeinbildungsgrad zu vermitteln. Er ist an der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität in Mainz für die Ausbildung neuer Informatiklehrerinnen und -lehrer verantwortlich. Um zu zeigen, dass Informatik mehr mit menschlicher Kreativität und konsequentem Denken zu tun hat als mit Computern, verzichtet er dabei weitgehend auf den Einsatz der Geräte. Seine Konzepte werden vom Kindergarten bis zur universitären Grundlagenausbildung eingesetzt.Trade Review“... Erklärungen werden wie in algorithmischen Schritten sehr genau analysiert und führen bis zu wesentlichen Grundlagen der Informatik. ... Weit verständlich, fesselnd, zum Nachdenken und Diskutieren. Mitunter notwendige Geduld wird reich belohnt. Als Vertiefung daneben gut "Algorithmen kapieren" ...” (Rolf Becker-Friedrich, in: ekz-Informationsdienst, Heft 49, 2021)Table of ContentsEinleitung.- 1 Sag' mir wohin ...- 2 Ordnung muss sein!- 3 Ich packe meinen Koffer und ...- 4 Der Trick mit dem Binären.- 5 100000000000 Jahre Informatik?- 6 Von Kamelen und dem Nadelöhr.- 7 Verluste gibt es doch immer!- 8 Erkennungsdienst.- 9 Paketpost.- 10 Alles im Fluss.- 11 Ordnung im Chaos.-12 Mit Sicherheit.- 13 Rechnen mit Strom.- 14 Besser rechnen mit Strom.- 15 Allmächtiger Computer!?.- 16 Spielchen gefällig?- 17 Schnelle Antworten.- 18 Computer auf der Schulbank.- Glossar.

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Book SynopsisThe LNCS journal Transactions on Large-Scale Data and Knowledge-Centered Systems focuses on data management, knowledge discovery, and knowledge processing, which are core and hot topics in computer science. Since the 1990s, the Internet has become the main driving force behind application development in all domains. An increase in the demand for resource sharing (e.g., computing resources, services, metadata, data sources) across different sites connected through networks has led to an evolution of data- and knowledge-management systems from centralized systems to decentralized systems enabling large-scale distributed applications providing high scalability.This, the 50th issue of Transactions on Large-Scale Data and Knowledge-Centered Systems, contains five fully revised selected regular papers. Topics covered include data anonymization, quasi-identifier discovery methods, symbolic time series representation, detection of anomalies in time series, data quality management in biobanks, and the use of multi-agent technology in the design of intelligent systems for maritime transport.Table of ContentsA Parallel Quasi-identifier Discovery Scheme for Dependable Data Anonymisation.- Towards Symbolic Time Series Representation Improved by Kernel Density Estimators.- Anomaly Detection in Time Series.- Designing Intelligent Marine Framework Based on Complex Adaptive System Principle.- Data Item Quality for Biobanks.

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Book SynopsisDavid Trachtenherz entwickelt einen Lösungsansatz zur eigenschaftsorientierten Beschreibung der logischen Architektur eingebetteter Systeme, der eine präzise deklarative Spezifikation funktionaler Eigenschaften mit wählbarem Grad der Abstraktion für unterschiedliche Entwicklungsphasen und -ebenen ermöglicht.Table of ContentsLogische Architektur; Formale Grundlagen; Grundlagen eigenschaftsorientierter Architekturbeschreibung; Anschauliche Darstellung eigenschaftsorientierter Architekturspezifikation; Fallstudie ; Ströme und temporale Logik in Isabelle/HOL

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Book SynopsisAlgorithms are not to be regarded as a technical structure but as a social phenomenon - they embed themselves, currently still very subtle, into our political and social system. Algorithms shape human behavior on various levels: they influence not only the aesthetic reception of the world but also the well-being and social interaction of their users. They act and intervene in a political and social context. As algorithms influence individual behavior in these social and political situations, their power should be the subject of critical discourse - or even lead to active disobedience and to the need for appropriate tools and methods which can be used to break the algorithmic power.Table of Contents(Dis)obeying Algorithms? Introductory Thoughts on the Power of Algorithms and the Possible Necessity of Resisting it; The Dialectics of Dis-Obedience. Notes from the Crystal Palace; Surveillance, Artificial Intelligence and Power; Embodied Algorithmic Optimization. How Our Bodies are Becoming a Product of Code; The Lock Down City and the Utopian Program of Open Interfaces; Hacking Google Maps; The Algorithmic Construction of Space; Torn Between Autonomy and Algorithmic Management. (Dis)Obedience of Solo Self-Employed Working via Digital Platforms; A Crack in the Algorithm's Facade. A Fundamental Rights Perspective on "Efficiency" and "Neutrality" Narratives of Algorithms; When Search Engines Discriminate. The Posthuman Mimesis of Gender Bias; Discrimination by Correlation. Towards Eliminating Algorithmic Biases and Achieving Gender Equality; The Power of Algorithms and the Structural Transformation of the Digital Public; Reclaim your Face and the Streets. Why Facial Recognition, and Other Biometric Surveillance Technology in Public Spaces, Should be Banned; Identity 5.0: How to Fight Algorithms Online (Fast). Heuristic Compressions of Personality Concepts (Dis)Obedient to Algorithmic Powerfrom Film, Television and a Cult Classic Novel; About the Authors.

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Book SynopsisThis book focuses on the standard algorithm design methods and the concepts are illustrated through representative examples to offer a ready text.

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Book SynopsisThis book is a compilation of the entire research work on the topic of Complex Binary Number System (CBNS) carried out by the author as the principal investigator and members of his research groups at various universities during the years 2000-2012. Pursuant to these efforts spanning several years, the realization of CBNS as a viable alternative to represent complex numbers in an “all-in-one” binary number format has become possible and efforts are underway to build computer hardware based on this unique number system. It is hoped that this work will be of interest to anyone involved in computer arithmetic and digital logic design and kindle renewed enthusiasm among the engineers working in the areas of digital signal and image processing for developing newer and efficient algorithms and techniques incorporating CBNS.Trade ReviewFrom the reviews:“This is a monograph presenting the results of a dozen or so years research of the author devoted to purely binary representation of complex numbers and design of circuits for arithmetic operations on them. … The topic of this book may be recommended as a facultative lecture for academic courses on digital arithmetic.” (Antoni Michalski, Zentralblatt MATH, Vol. 1262, 2013)Table of ContentsIntroduction.- Conversion Algorithms.- Arithmetic Algorithms.- Arithmetic Circuits Designs.- Complex Binary Associative Processor Design.- Conclusion and Further Research.

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Book SynopsisThe conical approach provides a geometrical understanding of optimization and is a powerful research tool and useful problem-solving technique (for example, in decision support and real time control applications). Conical optimality conditions are first stated in a very general optimization framework, and then applied to linear programming. A complete theory along with primal and dual algorithms is given, and solutions and algorithms are also provided for vector and robust linear optimization. The advantages of parameter dependence of conical methods are fully discussed. In addition to numerical results, the book provides source codes and detailed documentation of a Modula-2 implementation for the main algorithms.Table of ContentsPart I: General Theory Part II: Further Advanced Results Part III: Implementations and Numerical Results

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Book SynopsisThis book is the result of several decades of teaching experience in data structures and algorithms. It is self-contained but does assume some prior knowledge of data structures, and a grasp of basic programming and mathematics tools. Basic Concepts in Algorithms focuses on more advanced paradigms and methods combining basic programming constructs as building blocks and their usefulness in the derivation of algorithms. Its coverage includes the algorithms' design process and an analysis of their performance. It is primarily intended as a textbook for the teaching of Algorithms for second year undergraduate students in study fields related to computers and programming.Klein reproduces his oral teaching style in writing, with one topic leading to another, related one. Most of the classical and some more advanced subjects in the theory of algorithms are covered, though not in a comprehensive manner. The topics include Divide and Conquer, Dynamic Programming, Graph algorithms, probabilistic algorithms, data compression, numerical algorithms and intractability. Each chapter comes with its own set of exercises, and solutions to most of them are appended.Related Link(s)Table of ContentsDivide and Conquer; Dynamic Programming; Minimum Spanning Tree; Shortest Paths; Primality; Compression; Pattern Matching; Fat Fourier Transform; Cryptography; NP Completeness; Approximations; Solutions to Selected Exercises;

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