Zoology: invertebrates Books

Book SynopsisMeeting future food needs without compromising environmental integrity is a central challenge for agriculture globally but especially for the Asia Pacific region - where 60% of the global population, including some of the world's poorest, live on only 30% of the land mass. To guarantee the food security of this and other regions, growers worldwide are rapidly adopting genetically modified (GM) crops as the forerunner to protect against many biotic and abiotic stresses. Asia Pacific countries play an important role in this, with India, China and Pakistan appearing in the top 10 countries with acreage of GM crops, primarily devoted to Bt cotton. Genetically Modified Crops in Asia Pacific discusses the progress of GM crop adoption across the Asia Pacific region over the past two decades, including research, development, adoption and sustainability, as well as the development and cultivation of insect protective Bt brinjal, drought-tolerant sugarcane, late blight resistant potato and biotech rice more specific to this region. Regulatory efforts of the Asia Pacific member nations to ensure the safety of GM crops to both humans and the environment are also outlined and discussed to provide impetus in other countries initiating biotech crops. The authors also probe into some aspects of gene editing and nanobiotechnology to expand the scope into next generation GM crops, including the potential to grow crops in acidic soil, reduce methane production, remove poisonous elements from plants and improve overall nutritional quality. Genetically Modified Crops in Asia Pacific provides a comprehensive reference not only for academics, researchers and private sectors in crop systems but also policy makers in the Asia Pacific region. Beyond this region, readers will benefit from understanding how GM crops have been integrated into many different countries and, in particular, the effects of the take-up of GM cropping systems by farmers with different socioeconomic backgroundsTable of Contents1: Biotech/genetically modified crops in Asia Pacific: a way forward 2: Economic and environmental impact of genetically modified crops in Asia Pacific 3: Development and commercialisation of Bt cotton in India 4: Insect resistance management for Bt cotton in India 5: Twenty years of successful Bt cotton production in Australia 6: Advances in managing insect resistance to Bt cotton in China 7: Bt cotton in Pakistan 8: Transgenic maize and its potential commercialisation in China 9: Bringing Bt eggplant to resource- poor farmers in Bangladesh and the Philippines 10: Adoption and advances in genetically modified oilseed crops in Australia 11: Bioefficacy testing of Bt corn against Asian corn borer in the Philippines 12: Insect resistance management of Bt corn in the Philippines 13: Socioeconomic and environmental impacts of GM corn in the ASEAN: the case of the Philippines 14: Biosafety management for genetically modified crops in Vietnam: from policy to practice 15: Biotechnology and its regulatory system in Japan 16: Development of yellow stem borer resistant rice varieties in Indonesia 17: Experience in developing genetically engineered potato resistant to late blight disease 18: Genetic modifications for disease resistance in crops 19: Nanobiotechnology for plant genome engineering and crop protection

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Book SynopsisThe superfamily Chalcidoidea (Insecta, Hymenoptera) contains in excess of 26,000 described species worldwide, but with an estimated total diversity of more than 500,000 species the vast majority of species have yet to be discovered and described. Most chalcidoid species are parasitoids of hosts in at least 12 different insect orders, attacking the egg, larval or pupal stages, though phytophagy and other life cycles and hosts are known. Iran is the 18th largest country in the world and has a rich and diverse insect fauna, including Chalcidoidea. It is extremely interesting from a biogeographic point of view, and a paradise for an entomologist. This book summarizes the results of all prior research concerning species diversity of Iranian Chalcidoidea, including host records and distribution records by province in Iran as well as world distribution by country for 1,351 species of Chalcidoidea recorded from Iran through the end of 2019. The faunal diversity for each of the 20 families of Chalcidoidea known from Iran is also compared with that known for 15 adjacent countries. In addition, general information on world diversity, recognition, phylogenetic relationships and host relationships are given for each family. As such, the book will be an invaluable source of information for all those involved with chalcidoids, for anyone with an interest in insect systematics, and all those working in crop protection, especially biological control and Integrated Pest Management.Table of ContentsChapter 1: Agaonidae Chapter 2: Aphelinidae Chapter 3: Azotidae Chapter 4: Chalcididae Chapter 5: Encyrtidae Chapter 6: Eriaporidae Chapter 7: Eucharitidae Chapter 8: Eulophidae Chapter 9: Eupelmidae Chapter 10: Eurytomidae Chapter 11: Leucospidae Chapter 12: Megastigmidae Chapter 13: Mymaridae Chapter 14: Ormyridae Chapter 15: Perilampidae Chapter 16: Pteromalidae Chapter 17: Signiphoridae Chapter 18: Tetracampidae Chapter 19: Torymidae Chapter 20: Trichogrammatidae Chapter 21: Diversity of Iranian Chalcidoidea

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Book SynopsisThis book explores mate-finding and courtship behaviour in the insect world, in all its subtlety and diversity. Insects engage in courtship as much, or as little, as any other animal; they have songs and dances, and all manner of instruments and ornaments to attract and court the opposite sex. Insects have evolved complex chemical and acoustic communication systems, sending fragrant messages, visual signals and subtle vibrations to attract and persuade. Insects also have many different ways and means of choosing or rejecting mating partners.This beautifully illustrated book shows the incredible variety of courtship behaviours and celebrates the wonderful natural history of a wide range of insects. Varieties of courtship can occur before, during and even after copulation, and numerous examples of the different mating strategies used are presented.As well as being fascinating and entertaining, studying courtship is also useful. For example, a knowledge of the courtship and mating behaviour of important pests helps researchers understand the dynamics of mate choice and sexual selection. Knowing which behaviours are directly related with mating success can be used to improve behaviour-based control strategies and improve sterile insect techniques. Knowledge of sex pheromones, and mating behaviour, can be combined to manage insect pests by mass or mating disruption.By studying model species - such as the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster - researchers have discovered how genes control and influence courtship behaviour, via proteins, biochemical pathways and neural circuits. This book integrates these diverse fields into a framework constructed around courtship and mate-finding, bringing together studies from the laboratory and the field. This landmark volume will be of interest to students of biology, entomologists, naturalists and anyone with a desire to know more about the love lives of the small creatures with which we share the planet.

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Book SynopsisThe book is a taxonomic treatise of the tropical fruit flies of Papua New Guinea, Indonesian Papua, associated islands and Bougainville, the region of the world where speciation in the sub-family Dacinae has been most prolific. The book aims to provide readers with an updated record of all known species of Dacinae that occur in this geographic area including descriptions of 65 new species out of an entire list of 296 known species covered. It provides a discussion on the evolutionary origins of the Dacinae and a key to the genera and sub-genera recorded in the Australian-Pacific Region. Further, the major pest species and their biosecurity risks to other countries are discussed. Extensive field research by the authors and colleagues over many years has resulted in the accumulation of advanced knowledge of the tropical fruit flies in this region. - Records 296 known species - Descriptions and artwork of 65 new species - Discusses the evolutionary origins of the Dacinae - Provides a key to the genera and sub-genera in the Australian-Pacific A key reference for researchers of taxonomy, ecology and pest management in the family Tephritidae worldwide. Useful for biosecurity and horticulture workers in Agriculture Departments within government administration and universities around the world.Table of Contents1: Abstract 2: Introduction 3: Materials and Methods 4: Species and Speciation 5: Status of the name Bactrocera papayae Drew and Hancock 6: Supraspecific Classification 7: Systematic analysis of the fauna of Papua New Guinea and associated biogeographical territories 7.1: Key to Genera and Subgenera recorded in the Australian-Pacific Region 8: Species of Dacini recorded from Papua New Guinea, Indonesian Papua (West Papua, Central Papua, Papua), associated islands and Bougainville 9: Major pest species in Papua New Guinea 10: Taxonomy 10.1: Descriptions of new species 11: New information on known species 11.1: New definition of Bactrocera longicornis Macquart as type species of genus Bactrocera 12: New geographic distribution records 13: New male lure records 14: New host plat records 15: Figures

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Book SynopsisThis book brings together expert opinions from scientists to consider the evidence for climate change and its impacts on ticks and tick-borne infections. It considers what is meant by 'climate change', how effective climate models are in relation to ecosystems, and provides predictions for changes in climate at global, regional and local scales relevant for ticks and tick-borne infections. It examines changes to tick distribution and the evidence that climate change is responsible. The effect of climate on the physiology and behaviour of ticks is stressed, including potentially critical impacts on the tick microbiome. Given that the notoriety of ticks derives from pathogens they transmit, the book considers whether changes in climate affect vector capacity. Ticks transmit a remarkable range of micro- and macro-parasites many of which are pathogens of humans and domesticated animals. The intimacy between a tick-borne agent and a tick vector means that any impacts of climate on a tick vector will impact tick-borne pathogens. Most obviously, such impacts will be apparent as changes in disease incidence and prevalence. The evidence that climate change is affecting diseases caused by tick-borne pathogens is considered, along with the potential to make robust predictions of future events. This book contains: Expert opinions and predictions. Global coverage of trends in ticks and disease. In-depth examination of climate change and tick distribution links. This book is suitable for researchers and students studying zoology, biological sciences, medical entomology, animal health, veterinary medicine, epidemiology, parasitology, and climate change impacts; and for those concerned with public health planning or livestock management where ticks and tick-borne pathogens pose a threat.Table of ContentsSection 1: Climate Section 1.1: Climate and the tick ecosystem eo1: Future climate of Africa eo2: Vegetation-climate interactions: into the tick zone Section 1.2: Modelling climate change impacts eo3: Climate change and Lyme disease eo4: How to Model the Impact of Climate Change on Vector-Borne Diseases? eo5: Challenges of Modelling and Projecting Tick Distributions eo6: Considerations for predicting climate change implications on future spatial distribution ranges of ticks Section 1.3 Synopsis: Climate Section 2: Ticks Section 2.1: Climate impacts on tick physiology eo7: Can the impact of climate change on the tick microbiome bring a new epidemiological landscape to tick-borne diseases? eo8: Climate influence on tick neurobiology eo9: The impact of climate change on tick host-seeking behaviour eo10: Expected transitions in ticks and their heritable endosymbionts under environmental changes eo11: Drought and tick dynamics during climate change eo12: Climate influences on reproduction and immunity in the soft tick, Ornithodoros moubata eo13: Climate change and ticks: measuring impacts Section 2.2: Climate impacts on tick populations eo14: Scandinavia and ticks in a changing climate eo15: Birds, ticks and climate change eo16: How tick vectors are coping with global warming eo17: Possible direct and human-mediated impact of climate change on tick populations in Turkey eo18: Climate change alone cannot explain altered tick distribution across Europe: a spotlight on endemic and invasive tick species eo19: Climate and management effects on tick–game animal dynamics eo20: Climate-driven livestock management shifts and tick populations eo21: Potential impacts of climate change on medically important tick species in North America Section 2.3: Climate impacts on tick species eo22: Climate change and tick evolution: lessons from the past Chapter 23: Amblyomma ticks and future climates Chapter 24: Climate impacts on Dermacentor reticulatus tick population dynamics and range Chapter 25: Changes expected in Ixodes ricinus temporal and spatial distribution in Europe Chapter 26: Range expansion of Ixodes scapularis in the USA Chapter 27: Distribution, seasonal occurrence, and biological characteristics of Haemaphysalis longicornis, a vector of bovine piroplasmosis in Japan Chapter 28: Climate and vector potential of medically important North American ticks Chapter 29: The impact of climate change on the biology of the cattle tick, Rhipicephalus microplus: current knowledge and gaps to be filled Section 2.4: Climate impacts on vector capacity Chapter 30: Climate impacts on the vector capacity of tropical and temperate populations of the brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato Chapter 31: Argasidae: distribution and vectorial capacity in a changing global environment Chapter 32: Effects of climate change on babesiosis vectors Section 2.5: Synopsis: Ticks Section 3: Disease Section 3.1: Vector–host–pathogen triangle Chapter 33: Conflict and cooperation in tick–host–pathogen interactions contribute to increased tick fitness and survival Chapter 34: Climate, ticks, and pathogens: gaps and caveats Chapter 35: Climate and prediction of tick-borne diseases facing the complexity of the pathogen–tick–host triad at northern latitudes Chapter 36: Is the clock 'ticking' for climate change? Chapter 37: Climate instability and emerging tick-borne disease Chapter 38: Co-infections of ticks Chapter 39: Impact of climate change on co-feeding transmission Chapter 40: Human behaviour trumps entomological risk Chapter 41: It’s all in the timing: effect of tick phenology on pathogen transmission dynamics Chapter 42: Anaplasma species' novel tick–host–pathogen relationships and effects of climate change Chapter 43: Zoonotic potential in the genera Anaplasma and Ehrlichia Chapter 44: Tick vectors, tick-borne diseases and climate change Chapter 45: Climate and other global factors at the zoonotic interface in America: influence on diseases caused by tick-borne pathogens Chapter 46: Microclimatic conditions and RNA viruses in ticks Section 3.2: Vector-borne infections of humans Chapter 47: Climate, ticks and tick-borne encephalitis in Central Europe Chapter 48: Tick-borne viral haemorrhagic fever infections Chapter 49: Climate impact on Lyme borreliosis and its causative agents Chapter 50: Climate change and tick-borne encephalitis in the Greater Alpine Region Chapter 51: The expansion of Japanese spotted fever and the complex group of spotted fever group rickettsia in Japan Chapter 52: Spatiotemporal and demographic patterns of transmission of Kyasanur Forest Disease virus in India Chapter 53: Argasid ticks, relapsing fever and a changing climate Chapter 54: The potential effects of climate change on Lyme borreliosis in East-Central Europe Chapter 55: Epidemiology of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in China Chapter 56: Climate change and debilitating symptom complexes attributed to ticks in Australia Chapter 57: Effect of climate change on mosquito-borne pathogens Section 3.3: Vector-borne infections of domesticated animals Chapter 58: Ornithodoros tick vectors and African swine fever virus Chapter 59: Tick-borne diseases of livestock in the UK Chapter 60: Impact of climate change on tick-borne diseases of livestock in Pakistan – looking ahead Chapter 61: The emergence of tick-borne diseases in domestic animals in Australia Section 3.4: Vector-borne infections in different regions Chapter 62: Tick-borne infections in Central Europe Chapter 63: Impact of climate change on ticks and tick-borne infections in Russia Chapter 64: Is climate change affecting ticks and tick-borne diseases in Taiwan? Chapter 65: Ticks and tick-borne pathogens in the Caribbean region in the context of climate change Chapter 66: The strange case of tick-borne viruses in Turkey Chapter 67: Melting, melting pot – climate change and its impact on ticks and tick-borne pathogens in the Arctic Chapter 68: Ticks and tick-borne diseases in the Middle East Chapter 69: The emergence of ticks and tick-borne diseases in the United States Chapter 70: Role of climate and other factors in determining the dynamics of tick and tick-transmitted pathogen populations and distribution in western, central, and eastern Africa Chapter 71: Tick-borne pathogens in China Chapter 72: Tick-borne rickettsioses in Africa Chapter 73: Climate and the emergence of tick-borne disease in Canada Chapter 74: Climate change impacts on Ixodes ricinus in Scotland and implications for Lyme disease risk Chapter 75: Possible impact of climate and environmental change on ticks and tick-borne disease in England Chapter 76: Climate change, ticks and tick-borne pathogens in northern Europe Chapter 77: Tick and tick-borne disease circulation in a changing marine ecosystem Section 3.5: Synopsis: Disease Section 4: Final synopsis and future predictions

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Book SynopsisParasitism and Parasitic Control in Animals brings together all the details needed to manage parasites in domestic animals. It provides comprehensive coverage of parasites and factors affecting their transmission, principles of parasite control, diagnosis, and assessment of parasitological information.Beginning with an overview of the fundamentals of parasitism including a review of the parasites of zoonotic importance, the book also:- Covers a range of methods for effective parasite control, including chemotherapy, nutrition, pasture management, selective breeding, vaccination and more;- Considers drug resistance and parasitic infections;- Includes cattle, buffalo, sheep, goat, horses, donkeys, dogs, cats, poultry, pigs and fish, as well as wild animals in the context of intermediate hosts, vectors or as reservoirs of infection.Including numerous new case histories and maps showing the spread of anthelmintic resistance, this book forms an essential guide for veterinary practitioners, students and technicians. It is also an invaluable resource for parasitologists, researchers, animal health professionals and anyone working with these parasites in developing countries.

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Book SynopsisParasitism and Parasitic Control in Animals brings together all the details needed to appropriately manage parasites in domestic animals. It provides comprehensive coverage of parasites and factors affecting their transmission, principles of parasite control, diagnosis, and assessment of parasitological information. Beginning with an overview of the fundamentals of parasitism including a review of the parasites of zoonotic importance, the text then:- Covers a range of methods for effective parasite control, including chemotherapy, nutrition, pasture management, selective breeding, vaccination and more;- Considers drug resistance and parasitic infections;- Includes cattle, buffalo, sheep, goat, horses, donkeys, dogs, cats, poultry, pigs and fish, as well as wild animals in the context of intermediate hosts, vectors or as reservoirs of infection.With numerous new case histories and maps showing the spread of anthelmintic resistance, this textbook forms an essential guide for veterinary practitioners, students and technicians. It is also an invaluable resource for parasitologists, researchers, animal health professionals and anyone working with these parasites in developing countries.

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Book SynopsisThe management and control of pests in the urban environment in the 21st Century faces many challenges. Pest populations adapt to changing conditions brought about by environmental changes caused by global warming, human population growth, and increased pollution. Urban pests are able to expand their ranges, densities, and habitats, sometimes causing large-scale damage and disease.This book provides collective insights from academic and industry experts on perspectives concerning urban pest management and regulatory innovations arising from the rapid onset of recent environmental challenges. Chapter topics address pest biology, advances in urban pest management practices, emerging urban pest control developments, new technologies, and regulations.The book describes new methods of pest control, their impacts on human health and the environment, and strategies for integrated management limiting the use of chemicals. It provides a practical resource for researchers and policy makers in pest management, urban health, medical entomology and environmental science. This title provides:An up-to-date and comprehensive resource on environmental urban pest management.A resource designed to appeal to pest control operators, public health professionals, and a range of field workers, as well as researching academics and graduate students.Insights from both academic and industry experts together in one volume.

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Book SynopsisPests in the Urban Biome brings together the separate disciplines of urban entomology, urban wildlife studies, rodent biology and control, medical entomology, and plant ecology into one biogeographic space - the urban biome. The concept of the urban biome is defined and the scope and importance of this built biome is presented. The urban biome concept represents a broad change that will facilitate interdisciplinary research and will attract and encourage urban biologists. It brings together bioecological concepts, such as synanthropy, invasive species, and urban green and blue spaces, in one place.Written by one of the founding fathers of urban entomology, this book represents a paradigm change, defining a new approach to urban ecology and urban pest management. The objective of Pests in the Urban Biome is to serve as the basis of a new discipline to start an interdisciplinary discussion between scientists from a range of fields, and provide a rallying cry to researchers interested in the range of species that occur in and impact the global urban space.This book:Introduces the concept of urban environments as a single biome.Takes a new approach to understanding the species inhabiting and interacting in urban spacesCan be used as the basis of academic programmes and formal courses.

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Book SynopsisMany international forums have identified the need for comprehensive, scientific methods for the pre-release testing and post-release monitoring of transgenic plants to ensure their environmental safety and sustainable use. In response to this requirement, a GMO Guidelines Project was established under the aegis of the International Organization for Biological Control, to develop biosafety testing guidelines for transgenic plants. This second volume focuses on transgenic cotton in Brazil and addresses both environmental and agricultural impacts. It draws out some general risk assessment guidelines and demonstrates the need for case-by-case analysis.Table of Contents1: Improving the Scientific Basis for Environmental Risk Assessment through the Case Study of Bt Cotton in Brazil, D A Andow, PAV Barroso, E M G Fontes, M F Grossi-de-Sa, A Hilbeck, and G P Fitt 2: The Cotton Agricultural Context in Brazil, E M G Fontes, F de Souza Ramalho, E Underwood, P AV Barroso, M F Simon, E R Sujii, CS S Pires, N Beltrao, WA Lucena and E C Freire 3: Consideration of Problem Formulation and Option Assessment (PFOA) for Bt Cotton in Brazil, D M F Capalbo, M F Simon, R O Nodari, S Valle, R F dos Santos, L Coradin, J de O Duarte, J E Miranda, E P F Dias, Le Quang Quyen, E Underwood and K C Nelson 4: Transgene Expression and Locus Structure of Bt Cotton, M F Grossi-de-Sa, W Lucena, M L Souza, A L Nepomuceno, E O Osir, N Amugune, Tran Thi Cuc Hoa, Truong Nam Hai, D A Somers and E Romano 5: Methodology to Support Non-target and Biodiversity Risk Assessment, A Hilbeck, D A Andow, S Arpaia, A N E Birch, E M G Fontes, G L Lovei, E Sujii, R Wheatley and E Underwood 6: Non-target and Biodiversity Impacts on Non-target Herbivorous Pests, E R Sujii, G L Lovei, M Setamou, P Silvie, M G Fernandes, G S J Dubois and R P Almeida 7: Non-target and Biodiversity Impacts on Pollinators and Flower-visiting Insects, S Arpaia, V L I Fonseca, C S Pires and F A Silveira 8: Assessing the Effects of Bt Cotton on Generalist Arthropod Predators, M Faria, J D Lundgren, E M G Fontes, D A Andow, O A Fernandes, F Schmidt and Nguyen Van Tuat 9: Non-target and Biodiversity Impacts on Parasitoids, A Pallini, P Silvie, R G Monnerat, F de S Ramalho, J M Songa and A N E Birch 10: Non-target and Biodiversity Impacts in Soil, L C Mendonca Hagler, I S de Melo, M C Valadares-Inglis, B M Anyango, J O Siqueira, Pham Van Toan and R E Wheatley 11: Assessing Gene Flow from Bt Cotton in Brazil and its Possible Consequences, J A Johnston, C Mallory-Smith, C L Brubaker, F Gandara, F J L Aragao, P A V Barroso, Vu Duc Quang, L P de Carvalho, P Kageyama, A Y Ciampi, M Fuzatto, V Cirino and E Freire 12: Resistance Risks of Bt Cotton and their Management in Brazil, G P Fitt, C Omoto, A H Maia, J M Waquil, M Caprio, T Dennehy, M A Okech, Z A Ramiro, E Cia, Nguyen Huu Huan and D A Andow 13: Supporting Risk Assessment of Bt Cotton in Brazil: Synthesis and Recommendations, D A Andow, E M G Fontes, A Hilbeck, J Johnston, D M F Capalbo, K C Nelson, E Underwood, G P Fitt, E R Sujii, S Arpaia, A N E Birch, A Pallini and R E Wheatley

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Book SynopsisToxocara is a parasitic helminth worm which continues to stimulate both public concern and scientific interest. Toxocara canis and T.cati, the most studied species, are gastrointestinal parasites of dogs and cats and their eggs can contaminate the environment, thus exposing humans and other mammals and birds to infection. Many questions remain unanswered about the host-parasite relationship, its epidemiology and public health significance. Veterinarians and clinicians are interested in its importance as a zoonosis. The parasite's capacity to cause ocular disease is of concern to ophthalmologists, while its propensity to stimulate allergic manifestations is of interest to allergologists, dermatologists and respiratory medicine specialists. Furthermore Toxocara provides a unique model system to explore questions in parasite biology.This book provides a comprehensive review of Toxocara and the disease it causes known as toxocariasis.Table of ContentsSection 1: Biology of Toxocara 1: Molecular biology and immunology of Toxocara canis 2: Molecular genetic characterization of members of the genus Toxocara - taxonomic, population genetic & epidemiological considerations 3: The larval surface, M Kennedy, University of Glasgow, UK 4: Toxocara and asthma 5: The significance of cerebral toxocariasis 6: Critical assessment of existing and novel model systems models for Toxocariasis 7: Diagnostic limitations and future trends in the serodiagnosis of human toxocariasis 8: Management and treatment options for human disease 9: Ocular toxocariasis 10: Toxocariasis and the skin 11: Inflammatory and immunological responses to Toxocaracanis 12: Novel approaches to immunoprophylaxis for toxocariasis 13: Epidemiological surveillance of Toxocara and Toxocariasis 14: Exposure and environmental contamination 15: Baylisascariasis: an emerging and potentially fatal form of larval migrans Section 3: Toxocara in the Veterinary context 16: Future options for the prevention and treatment of canids 17: Toxocariasis: the Veterinarian's role in prevention of zoonotic transmission 18: Toxocara vitulorum in Livestock Section 4: Economic impact of the disease 19: Economic impact of Toxocara spp.

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Book SynopsisThe great importance of mosquitoes lies in their role as transmitters of pathogens and parasites, and in their use as experimental animals well suited to laboratory investigations into aspects of biochemistry, physiology and behaviour. The largest part of this latest volume of The Biology of Mosquitoes concerns interactions between mosquitoes and viruses and the transmission of arboviruses to their vertebrate hosts, while the remainder concerns symbiotic interactions between mosquitoes and bacteria. The introduction provides a timely review of the first major development in mosquito taxonomy for several decades. Further chapters describe the interactions between mosquitoes and the viruses that infect them, the transmission and epidemiology of seven very important arboviruses, and the biology of bacteria that are important control agents or of great biological interest. Like the earlier volumes, Volume 3 combines recent information with earlier important findings from field and laboratory to provide the broadest coverage available on the subject.Table of Contentsa: Introduction: The traditional and revised classifications of aedine mosquitoes Chapter 41: Host-parasite interactions Chapter 42: Immune responses of mosquitoes Chapter 43: Viruses Chapter 44: Arboviruses - characteristics and concepts Chapter 45: Arboviruses - case studies of transmission 45a: Transmission of Eastern equine encephalitis virus 45b: Transmission of dengue viruses 45c: Transmission of yellow fever virus 45d: Transmission of Japanese encephalitis virus 45e: Transmission of La Crosse virus 45f: Transmission of Rift Valley fever virus 45g: Transmission of West Nile virus Chapter 46: Pathogenic and symbiotic bacteria 46a: Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis 46b: Lysinibacillus sphaericus 46c: Wolbachia pipientis

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Book SynopsisInsects are a diverse, numerous and important group in aquatic habitats, occupying key functional and ecological roles. This edited volume brings together acknowledged experts in often disparate fields ranging from physiology through ecology to evolution to consider in a unified manner the challenges facing insect populations in aquatic environments and how they have adapted to achieve such prominence in virtually all habitats. It will be of central interest to researchers and students in aquatic insects and general entomology.Table of Contents1: Surviving with drought: ecological consequences and the effects of drought on aquatic insects 23: Saline-water insects: ecology, physiology and evolution 3: Aquatic insect adaptations to winter cold and ice 4: The effect of flood disturbance on invertebrate populations and communities 5: Life-history and behavioural adaptation to disturbance 6: Life history tradeoffs and time constraints in temporary habitats 7: Scale dependence of population responses to spatial environmental variability 8: Structure of stream invertebrate populationl ife-history stages What is the spatials? 9: Dispersal behaviour at different invertebrates 10: Cannibalism and population regulation in dragonfly larvae systems 11: Ecological and evolutionary physiology of flight in aquatic insects 12: Insects movement and dispersion within streams 13: Habitat constraints and the generation of diversity in freshwater invertebrates 14: Oviposition habitat selection in aquatic habitats 15: Polarization vision in aquatic insects and polarized ecological traps

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Book SynopsisThis book documents and illustrates major developments in the use of nematodes for the biological control of insects and slugs. It covers the use of three main types of nematodes: entomopathogenic nematodes, entomophilic nematodes and slug-parasitic nematodes. The biology, commercial production, formulation and quality control, application technology, strategy and safety of each of these three nematode groups is discussed. The book also examines the application of nematodes in different cropping systems, and the efficacy of nematodes against specific pests. The potential of predatory nematodes to control plant-parasitic nematodes and mycophagous nematodes to control fungal pathogens is also reviewed.Table of ContentsPART 1: NEMATODE MORPHOLOGY AND TAXONOMY 1: Morphology and Taxonomy of Nematodes Used in Biocontrol , S P Stock, University of Arizona, USA, and D J Hunt, CABI Bioscience, Surrey, UK PART 2: ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEMATODES 2: Biology and Behavior, C Griffin, National University of Ireland, UK, N Boemare, Université Montpellier II, France, and E E Lewis, Virginia Technology Institute, USA 3: Mass Production, R-U Ehlers and D I Shapiro-Ilan 4: Formulation and Quality, P S Grewal, and A Peters, e-nema GmbH, Germany 5: Application Technology, D J Wright, Imperial College London, UK, A Peters, S Schroer, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Germany, and J Patterson Fife, Battelle Memorial Institute, USA 6: Forum on Safety and Regulation, R-U Ehlers 7: Lawn, Turfgrass and Pasture Applications, P S Grewal, A M Koppenhöfer, Rutgers University, USA, and H Y Choo, Gyeongsang National University, Republic of Korea 8: Glasshouse Applications, M Tomalak, Institute of Plant Protection, Poland, S Piggot, Littlehampton, UK and G B Jagdale, Ohio State University, USA 9: Nursery and Tree Application, R W H M van Tol, Wageningen-UR, Wageningen, The Netherlands and M J Raupp, University of Maryland, USA 10: Mushroom Applications, S Jess, Department of Agriculture and Rural Development for Northern Ireland, H Schweizer, Queen's University of Belfast, and M Kirkpatrick, NIHPBS Loughgall, County Armagh, UK 11: Orchard Applications, D I Shapiro-Ilan, L W Duncan, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, USA, L A Lacey, USDA-ARS, Washington, USA and R Han, Guangdong Entomological Institute, Guangzhou, China 12: Soft Fruit Applications, R S Cowles, Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, USA, S Polavarapu, (Deceased), R N Williams, Ohio State University, USA, A Thies, e-nema, France, and R-U Ehlers 13: Vegetable and Tuber Crop Applications, G Belair, Agriculture and Agrifood Canada, Canada, D J Wright, and G Curto, Servizio Fitosanitario Regione emilia-Romagna, Italy 14: Cereal, Fiber, Medicinal, and Oilseed Crop Applications, H E Cabanillas, USDA ARS, USA, R J Wright, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, USA and R V Vyas, Gujarat Agricultural University, India 15: Forestry Applications, P Torr and M J Wilson, University of Aberdeen, UK and S Heritage, Forestry Research, Northern Research Station, Roslin, UK 16: Applications for the Control of Pests of Humans and Animals, I Glazer, Volcani Center, Israel, M Samish, Kimron Veterinary Institute, Bet-Dagan, Israel, and F G del Pino, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Spain 17: Application for Social Insect Control, D H Gouge, University of Arizona, USA 18: A Systems Approach to Conservation of Entomopathogenic Nematodes, M Barbercheck, Pennsylvania State University, USA, and C W Hoy, Ohio State University, USA 19: Interactions with Plant-parasitic Nematodes, E E Lewis and P S Grewal 20: Compatibility and Interactions with Agrochemicals and Other Biocontrol Agents, A M Koppenhöfer and P S Grewal PART 3: ENTOMOPHILIC NEMATODES 21: Application of Beddingia siricidicola for Sirex Wood Wasp Control, R A Bedding, CSIRO, Australia and E T Iede, EMBRAPA Florestas, Brazil 22: The Entomophilic Thripinema, J E Funderburk and K Sims Latsha, University of Florida, USA 23: Mermithid Nematodes, E G Platzer, B A Mullens, University of California, Riverside, USA and M M Shamseldean, Cairo University, Egypt PART 4: SLUG-PARASITIC NEMATODES 24: Biology, Production, and Formulation of Slug-parasitic Nematodes, M J Wilson and P S Grewal 25: Field Application of Slug-parasitic Nematodes, A Ester, Applied Plant Research Ltd, The Netherlands and M J Wilson PART 5: PREDATORY NEMATODES 26: Potential of Predatory Nematodes to Control Plant-parasitic Nematodes, A L Bilgrami and C Brey, Rutgers University, USA PART 6: FUNGAL FEEDING NEMATODES 27: Potential of Fungal Feeding Nematodes for the Control of Soil-borne Plant Pathogens, N Ishibashi, Saga University, Japan PART 7: CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS 28: Critical Issues and Research Needs for Expanding the Use of Nematodes in Biocontrol, P S Grewal, R-U Ehlers and D I Shapiro-Ilan

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Book SynopsisAs the human impact upon the environment becomes more apparent and severe, the need to develop agricultural techniques that cause minimal damage to the environment has increased. This is particularly the case in the area of pest management, where integrated pest management (IPM) strategies have become a fundamental component of plant protection. Focusing on insect pests of tree fruits and combining behavioural research with crop protection applications, this book emphasizes the importance of environmentally sustainable approaches in an agroecosystem. Both experimental and applied topics are discussed, including the conceptual framework of IPM, functional and behavioural ecology of a pest, host detection mechanisms and monitoring tool development, as well as pest management case studies. Representing a comprehensive discussion of tree-fruit pest management, from the evolution, ecology and behaviour of insect pests to the implementation of applied biorational programmes, this will be essential reading for researchers as well as commercial growers and extension agents.Table of Contents1: Conceptual Framework for the IPM of Tree Fruit Pests M Kogan 2: The Evolution of Key Tree Fruit Pests G Bush, S Berlocher and J Feder 3: Functional and Behavioural Ecology of Key Tree Fruit Pests B Roitberg, D Papaj, C R Lauson and S Opp 4: How do Key Fruit Tree Pests Detect their Hosts S Dorn and J Piñero 5: Managing the Apple Maggot Fly and the Plum Curculio 6: Implementation of Tree Fruit Pest and Disease IPM D Cooley and W M Coli 7: Managing Key Fruit Tree Pests Through Environmental Manipulation M Aluja, J Rull and P L Phelan 8: Speciation, Consumer and the Market T Green and S White

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Book SynopsisThis fully updated new edition of the Reference Reviews Top Ten Print Reference Source 2004 is a comprehensive, fully cross-referenced collection of terms, names and phrases used in entomology, incorporating an estimated 43,000 definitions. It is the only listing which covers insect anatomy, behaviour, biology, ecology, histology, molecular biology, morphology, pest management, taxonomy and systematics. The origin, etymology, part of speech and definition of each term and phrase are all provided, including the language, meaning or root of each term and constituent parts. The common names of insects, their scientific binomen and taxonomic classification are provided, with diagnoses of pest species in many cases. All insect order, suborder, superfamily, family and subfamily names are given, together with the diagnostic features of orders and families. With new and updated terms, particularly in molecular biology, phylogeny and spatial technology, this is an essential reference for researchers and students of entomology and related disciplines.Trade Review"...the most complete reference of its kind available today...this is an extraordinary work of the highest scholarship" - American Entomologist "Every serious entomologist should have a copy of this dictionary and physicians and veterinarians dealing with insect-transmitted infections need to have a copy to hand" - Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology "A major work and an absolutely essential addition to any comprehensive entomological library, whatever its specialty" - International Pest Control"Table of Contents1: Foreword 2: Dictionary of Entomology 3: Appendix 1: Journal Titles 4: Appendix 2: Common Names References

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Book SynopsisMany of the world's most serious agricultural pests are highly migratory. Through the use of special-purpose radars we are provided with insights into their movement and how they learn about and navigate through their environment. This text examines the behaviour and regional variations of these species, as well as the altitude of migration, concentration of insects in layers and how they respond to large and small-scale wind systems. The book relates radar observation of insect movement to complementary and competing methodologies and surveys its capabilities and limitations. It also deals with the applications of these findings in the management and forecasting of both pest and beneficial insects, and is an essential reference for those working in agricultural entomology and pest management.Table of Contents1: Introduction 2: Remote Sensing and Insect Observation 3: Radar Principles 4: Insects as Radar Targets 5: Entomological Radar Designs 6: Observing Insects with Radar: I. Performance, Surveillance and Target Characterization 7: Observing Insects with Radar: II. Quantitative Estimation and Parameter Retrieval 8: Additional Radar, Radar-Like and Radio Technologies for Insect Observation 9: Insect Migration, its Quantification and the Role of the Atmosphere 10: Insect Migratory Flight I. Principal Features 11: Insect Migratory Flight II. Concentrations and Disturbances 12: Insect Migration, Population Movements and Pest Management 13: Migrations of Pest and Beneficial Insects 14: Insect Foraging Movements 15: Insect Echo on Meteorological Radars 16: Radar Entomology: Perspectives and Prospects Appendix A: Performance Monitoring and Calibration Appendix B: Regulatory and Safety Issues

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Book SynopsisThe ‘Keys’ are an essential resource for those working within medical, veterinary and biological departments worldwide, and are now available in a single volume, published by CABI. This supplementary volume includes revised and redescribed taxa and draws attention to new taxa, to the generic level, published by many authors after the original 'Keys' were completed. It also identifies the current position of some of the older genera not included in the original 'Keys'.Table of ContentsI: Adenophorea 1: Enoplida 2: Rhaditida 3: Strongylida 4: Oxyurida 5: Ascaridida 6: Spirurida

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Book SynopsisThis volume is a republication in one volume of the 10 part CIH Keys to the Nematode Parasites of Vertebrates, first published between 1974 and 1983. For many years the ‘Keys’ have provided a working tool to those within the field and laboratory needing to know 'what is this worm?'. Now due to popular demand and to coincide with the long awaited publication of the supplement volume, the ‘Keys’ will be presented as one volume, refreshed and reformatted with the additional convenience of reordering in to superfamily. As an indispensable guide the ‘Keys’ shall continue to be an essential resource to those working within medical, veterinary and biological departments worldwide for many more years to come.Trade Review"'These keys are unique and absolutely essential to anybody engaged in diagnostic or research work involving nematodes' Prof. Ian Beveridge, The University of Melbourne, Australia"Table of Contents1: Glossary and Keys to Subclasses 2: Enoplida 3: Rhaditida 4: Strongylida 5: Strongylida 6: Strongylida 7: Strongylida 8: Oxyurida 9: Ascaridida 10: Ascaridida 11: Ascaridida 12: Spirurida 13: Spirurida 14: Spirurida

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Book SynopsisThis book is the second of four volumes in the Handbook of Zoology series which treat the systematics and biology of Coleoptera. With approximately 350,000 described species, Coleoptera are by far the most species-rich order of insects and the largest group of animals of comparable geological age. The beetle volumes will meet the demand of modern biologists seeking to answer questions about Coleoptera phylogeny, evolution, and ecology. This second Coleoptera volume covers the remaining polyphagan taxa (apart from Phytophaga) and recently described groups not included in the first volume (covering the suborders Archostemata, Myxophaga and Adephaga, and the basal series of Polyphaga), with information on world distribution, biology, morphology of all life stages (including anatomy), phylogeny and comments on taxonomy.

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Book SynopsisThis book is the third volume in the Handbook of Zoology series which treats the systematics and biology of Coleoptera. With approximately 350,000 described species, Coleoptera are by far the most species-rich order of insects and the largest group of animals of comparable geological age. This third Coleoptera volume completes the Morphology and Systematics volumes with 43 chapters and covers one of the largest radiations of beetles, the mainly plant-feeding Phytophaga, with information on world distribution, biology, morphology of all life stages (including anatomy), phylogeny and comments on taxonomy.Trade Review"This volume is certainly a milestone in weevil systematics and will be so for a long time."Rolf Oberprieler, CSIRO Australia

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Book SynopsisDiese 3. Auflage des 1. Teils der „Speziellen Zoologie“ wird weiterhin das maßgebende Lehrbuch der Systematischen Zoologie für Studierende der Biowissenschaften sein. Während die Systematisierung der eukaryotischen Einzeller umfangreiche Umstellungen erforderlich gemacht hat, erreicht die Großgliederung der Metazoa einen hohen Grad an Verlässlichkeit. Die wichtigsten Neuerungen sind die Auftrennung der Protostomia in die Spiralia (=Lophotrochozoa) und Ecdysozoa, die Herausnahme der Acoelomorpha aus den Plathelminthes und ihre Zusammenführung mit Xenoturbella als Xenacoelomorpha sowie die Auflösung der Articulata in Anneliden und Arthropoden mit der Neukonzeptierung der Annelida u.a. durch die Aufnahme auch der unsegmentierten Sipuncula. Auch alle übrigen Kapitel erhielten eine Überarbeitung durch ihre bisherigen Autoren bzw. durch neue Koautoren. Das Abbildungsmaterial wurde verbessert oder ergänzt, darunter die für dieses Lehrbuch charakteristischen Stammbaumschemata.Table of ContentsVorwort.- Wichtige Begriffe der phylogenetischen Systematik.- Bedeutung lateinisch/griechischer Wortelemente.- „EINZELLIGE EUKARYOTA“, Einzeller.- METAZOA.- I Parazoa.- II Placozoa.- III Eumetazoa.- IV Bilateria.- V Protostomia.- VI Deuterostomia.- Metazoa incertae sedis.

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Book SynopsisThis reference work is intended for undergraduate, postgraduate, and research students in the fields of biological, ecological, and medical sciences. The book aims to serve as an accessible guide to statistical techniques that will enable students to obtain accurate results and interpret them logically. The methods outlined in this book are commonly used in various disciplines and have been designed to be user-friendly, making them accessible to general readers as well. The book's chapters have been organized in a manner that aligns with the curricula of numerous universities. The book provides a comprehensive range of materials to cover statistical techniques, including examples based on ecological and biological concepts. The content of this book is suitable for use in a variety of academic settings and has been designed to meet the needs of students pursuing studies in the fields of biological, ecological, and medical sciences.

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Book SynopsisThis volume delves into various issues within the expansive domain of biotic stress responses in plants, specifically addressing problems and their management by choosing a number of widely explored themes.

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Book SynopsisFamed for its industriousness and its urge to conquer, this race practises farming and uses chemical weapons. Humans? No, ants! Joachim Offenberg, a myrmecophile researcher at Aarhus University, shares fascinating facts about these tiny creatures so stealthy and stalwart they even endured a ruthless onslaught from his Uncle Preben, who thinks these cannibals, slave drivers and infiltrators of our homes and gardens deserve no better. But why not domesticate ants and join forces with one fourth of the planet s animal biomass? Prepare to befriend a formidable foe.

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Book SynopsisChapter 1. Advancements in Invertebrate Immunity.- Chapter 2. Surveillance and Monitoring of Cellular-mediated Immune Responses.- Chapter 3. Surveillance and Monitoring of Humoral Immune Responses.- Chapter 4. Advanced Molecular Biology Techniques in Innate Immunity.- Chapter 5. Omics Applications in Invertebrate Immunology.- Chapter 6. Structural Elucidation of Immune Proteins in Invertebrates Using the Protein Data Bank.

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Book SynopsisIn most terrestrial and aquatic habitats, the vast majority of animals transmitting and receiving communicative signals are arthropods. This book presents the story of how this important group of animals use pheromones, sound, vibration, and light for sexual and social communication. Because of their small to minute body size most arthropods have problems sending and receiving acoustic and optical information, each of which have their own severe constraints. Because of these restraints they have developed chemical signaling which is not similarly limited by scale. Presenting the latest theoretical and experimental findings from studies of signaling, it suggests that close parallels between arthropods and vertebrates reflect a very limited number of solutions to problems in behavior that are available within the confines of physical laws.Trade ReviewIn summary, this is a valuable addition to the literature on animal communication at the introductory level. Greenfield's book is worthwile precisely because it is brief. I will recommend this book for undergraduate courses and for the generalist reader who wants to know more about this interesting subject. * Nature *On nearly every page there is an intriguing example from nature, a clear explanation, a thoughtful and novel commentary, a thread leading in an unexpected direction. * American Entomologist *The drive to organize a broad range of knowledge into a unified, comprehensible scheme is combined with an equal fascination with the details of how each particular system works and the problems that needed to be solved to make it work. This makes for rewarding reading from start to finish. * American Entomologist *Table of Contents1. Communication in a Lilliputian World ; 2. Signal Theory and the Language of Communication ; 3. Chemical Signaling and the Olfactory Channel ; 4. Sound and Vibration and the Mechanical Channel ; 5. Bioluminescence and Reflected Light and the Visual Channel ; 6. Sexual Selection and the Evolution of Signals ; 7. Signal Evolution: Modification and Diversification

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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Book SynopsisThe general notion of species is one of the most fundamental in biology. But an idea of species is also one of the most persistent unresolved obsessions of biologists, philosophers and theoreticians. This new book investigates the multifaceted problem species as a conceptual envelope of that notion. Contemporary conceptualists and evolutionary epistemology allow for a fresh look by analyzing the framework of history viewed as changes ordered by changing philosophical-scientific contexts. In this analysis, the species problem is characterized in a pluralistic non-trivial manner, in contrast to a more monistic accepted view.Key Features Provides new insights into the persistent species problem. Focuses on conceptual history and identifies pivotal landmarks in the history of the concept of species. Argues for a scientific consistency of species pluralism. Discusses the evolving specieTable of ContentsPREFACE INTRODUCTION CHAPTER 1. THE SPECIES PROBLEM: IN BROAD STROKES ON A CONCEPTUAL HISTORICAL CANVAS 1.1. Developing cognitive situation 1.1.1. Structure of cognitive situation 1.1.2. Species, species concept, species problem 1.2. History on a conceptualistic account 1.3. A historical narrative of the species problem CHAPTER 2. ANTIQUE NATURAL PHILOSOPHY: SPECIES AS EIDOS 2.1. Classical period: the birth of genos and eidos 2.1.1. Plato’s eidology 2.1.2. Aristotle’s ousiology 2.1.3. Aristotelian polysemy: the problem arises 2.1.4. Theophrastus’ Enquiry into Plants 2.2. Neoplatonists: Porphyry's questions CHAPTER 3. THE MIDDLE AGES: SPECIES AS UNIVERSALIA 3.1. An eve of scholasticism: the beginning of genus and species 3.2. Realism: species really exists 3.3. Conceptualism: species concept refers to something real 3.4. Nominalism: species concept refers to nothing real 3.5. Genus-species scheme CHAPTER 4. THE RENAISSANCE AND THE EARLY MODERN TIMES: SPECIES AS CLASSIFICATION UNIT 4.1. The Renaissance turn and the "second" scholasticism 4.2. The early Modern Times: natural-classificatory dualism 4.3. The origin of systematics: species of the living 4.3.1. Herbal epoch as a precursor 4.3.2. From Cesalpino to Ray: a scholastic legacy 4.3.3. Tournefort and Linnaeus: disconnection of genus and species 4.3.4. Adanson, Jussieu, etc.: the birth of natural systematics 4.3.5. "Ladderists" against "Systemists" CHAPTER 5. THE MODERN TIMES: SPECIES AS BIOLOGICAL UNIT 5.1. The forerunners: initial routs of objectivation of biological species 5.1.1. Biblical motifs 5.1.2. Generative idea 5.2. The 19th century and beyond: biologization of the species problem 5.2.1. Evolutionary idea: species as an actor of biological evolution 5.2.2. Ecological idea: species as a component of ecosystem 5.3. Biosystematics and others: fall and rise of species 5.4. "Multiplication of essences": the kinds of species CHAPTER 6. THE CONTEMPORARY: THE NEWEST ISSUES 6.1. Species definition: a conceptual pyramid 6.2. Species ontology: new questions 6.3. The "new essentialism": an evolving specieshood? 6.4. If not species, then what? REFERENCES INDEX

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Book SynopsisEntomology and the Law concerns the use of insects to solve crimes, particularly suspicious deaths. Insect-related evidence is one if the most powerful, yet least understood examples of modern forensic science. Covering both the scientific and legal issues, it will aid potential expert witnesses and lawyers alike preparing for trial.Trade Review'… the authors are to be congratulated on a book of sound scholarship and of great practical value.' Science & JusticeTable of ContentsGlossary; Part I: Preface to Part I; 1. A history of flies; 2. Forensic biology of flies; 3. Estimating time of death; 4. Keys to the eggs, larvae, pupae and adults of some forensically important flies; 5. The fly in court; Entomological references; Part II: Preface to Part II; 6. The law of scientific evidence; 7. The admissibility of forensic entomology evidence; 8. The introduction and optimal use of forensic entomology evidence at trial; Conclusion; Index.

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