Western philosophy: Enlightenment Books

Book SynopsisThis new anthology of early modern philosophy enriches the possibilities for teaching this period by highlighting not only metaphysics and epistemology but also new themes such as virtue, equality and difference, education, the passions, and love. It contains the works of 43 philosophers, including traditionally taught figures such as Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz, Locke, Berkeley, Hume, Kant, as well as less familiar writers such as Lord Shaftesbury, Anton Amo, Julien Offray de La Mettrie, and Denis Diderot. It also highlights the contributions of women philosophers, including Margaret Cavendish, Anne Conway, Gabrielle Suchon, Sor Juana Inéz de la Cruz, and Emilie Du Châtelet.Trade Review“Instructors and scholars of early modern philosophy have desperately awaited this anthology, frustrated with existing collections that present an outdated and narrow canon. Shapiro and Lascano’s impressively rich compilation reflects current scholarship, which has rediscovered many previously overlooked texts and topics. This versatile anthology should work beautifully for traditional courses on early modern philosophy, for drastically reconceived courses, or for anything in between.” — Julia Jorati, University of Massachusetts, Amherst “More than a textbook, this anthology is an extraordinary resource for students and scholars. Thanks to Lisa Shapiro and Marcy Lascano, we can better appreciate the wide range of questions, problems, and concerns defining the modern period. Alongside a broader than usual range of canonical thinkers, the anthology features a rich and engaging variety of contributions from early modern women philosophers. Bravo!” — Hasana Sharp, McGill UniversityTable of ContentsIntroductionThemesTimeline of TextsMichel de Montaigne (1533-1592) To the Reader Of Cannibals Apology for Raymond Sebond Francis Bacon (1561-1626) Advancement of Learning The New Organon Marie de Gournay (1566-1545)The Equality of Men and WomenThomas Hobbes (1588-1679) Leviathan, Part I, 1-7, 10, and 13-15Hobbes and Bramhall on Liberty and Necessity Rene Descartes (1596-1650) Discourse on the Method, Part 1 & 2, Part 4, Part 5 (excerpts), Part 6 (excerpts) Meditations on First Philosophy Anna Maria van Schurman (1607-1678)A Dissertation on the Natural Capacity of Women for Study and LearningMadeleine de Scudéry (1607-1701)Conversations on Diverse Subjects: Of Knowledge of Ourselves and OthersHenry More (1614-1687)Immortality of the SoulRalph Cudworth (1617-1688) True Intellectual System, selections from Chapter XXXVIIPrincess Elisabeth of Bohemia (1618-1680)Correspondence with DescartesMargaret Cavendish (1623-1673) Poems and Fancies Philosophical Letters Observations Upon Experimental Philosophy Grounds of Natural Philosophy Anne Conway (1631-1679)Principles of the Most Ancient and Modern PhilosophyGabrielle Suchon (1632-1703) Treatise on Ethics and Politics On the Celibate Life, Freely Chosen John Locke (1632-1704) Essay Concerning Human Understanding Some thoughts Concerning Education Baruch Spinoza (1632-1677)EthicsRobert Hooke (1635-1703)MicrographiaMadame de Maintenon (1635-1719) Dialogues: On Reason, On Constraint, On the Drawbacks of Marriage, On the Education at Saint-Cyr Addresses to Students: On the Utility of Reflection, Of the Single Life, Addresses to Faculty: Of the Education of Ladies Nicolas Malebranche (1638-1715)Search After TruthIsaac Newton (1642-1726)Selections from Principia Mathematica GW Leibniz (1646-1716) Discourse on Metaphysics New System of Nature, and of the Communication of Substances Theodicy: Summary of Arguments Poulain de la Barre (1647-1725) A Physical and Moral Discourse on the Equality of Both Sexes On the Education of Ladies Pierre Bayle (1647-1706) SpinozaWebsite: Historical and Critical Dictionary: Manicheans, Rorarius Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz (c. 1648-1695) “Let Us Pretend I am Happy” Response of the Poet Damaris Cudworth, Lady Masham (1659-1708) Occasional Thoughts in Reference to a Vertuous or Christian Life Correspondence between Leibniz and Masham Mary Astell (1666-1731) A Serious Proposal to the Ladies Some Reflections upon Marriage Bernard de Mandeville (1670-1733)Grumbling of the Hive and Fable of the BeesAnthony Ashley Cooper, 3rd Earl of Shaftesbury (1671-1713) SoliloquyWebsite: Inquiry Concerning Virtue Catherine Trotter Cockburn (1674-1749)Remarks on KingGeorge Berkeley (1685-1753)Three Dialogues between Hylas and PhilonousFrancis Hutcheson (1694-1746) An Inquiry Concerning the Original of our Ideas of Beauty An Essay on the Nature and Conduct of the Passions Voltaire (1694-1778)MicromégasAnton Amo (c. 1703-c. 1756) Treatise on the Art of Soberly and Accurately Philosophizing Emilie Du Chatelet (1706-1749) Selections from Foundations of Physics Discourse on Happiness La Mettrie (1709-1751)Man a MachineThomas Reid (1710-1796)Inquiry into the Human Mind on the Principles of Common SenseDavid Hume (1711-1776) Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding Enquiry Concerning the Principles of Morals Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778)Discourse on the Origins of InequalityDenis Diderot (1713-1784)Letter on the BlindEtienne Bonnot de Condillac (1714-1780)Treatise on SensationsAdam Smith (1723-1790)Theory of Moral SentimentsImmanuel Kant (1724-1804) Prolegomena to Any Further Metaphysics What is Enlightenment?Website: Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals James Beattie (1735-1803)Essay on the Nature and Immutability of TruthSophie de Grouchy (1764-1822) Letters on Sympathy

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Book SynopsisThis volume provides new translations of René Descartes's two most important philosophical works. The Discourse offers a concise presentation and defense of Descartes' method of intellectual inquiry - a method that greatly influenced both philosophical and scientific reasoning in the early modern world. Considered a foundational text in modern philosophy, the Meditations presents numerous powerful arguments that to this day influence debates in epistemology, the philosophy of mind, and the philosophy of religion. Descartes's timeless writing strikes an uncommon balance of novelty and familiarity, offering arguments concerning knowledge, science, and metaphysics (including the famous 'I think, therefore I am') that are as compelling in the 21st century as they were in the 17th. Ian Johnston's translations are modern, clear, and thoroughly annotated, ideal for readers unfamiliar with Descartes's intellectual context. An approachable introduction engages both the historical and the philosophical aspects of the text, helping the reader to understand the concepts and arguments contained therein.Trade ReviewBroadview Press has produced an excellent translation of Descartes's famous Meditations on First Philosophy. It is accurate, philosophically sensitive, and it rivals any of the translations currently available. Andrew Bailey's introduction of the text, and his biography of Descartes, is a real plus, and will serve students well." - Kurt Smith, Bloomsburg University of Pennsylvania "A very helpful translation. The language is clear, and the supplementary material and notes lay out a cross-section of the interpretive debates, and provide tips for how a reader might approach them." - David Cunning, University of Iowa "Descartes was living and writing at a tumultuous time, and Bailey does a nice job of sketching the intellectual environment into which the Meditations was launched, while pre-emptively warding off a number of common misunderstandings of Descartes's aims." - Seth Bordner, University of AlabamaTable of Contents Introduction Who Was René Descartes? What Was Descartes's Overall Philosophical Project? Some Useful Background Information Some Common Misconceptions How Important and Influential Was Descartes's Work? Timeline Suggestions for Critical Reflection Suggestions for Further Reading Translator's Note What is the Structure of the Discourse?Discourse on the Method Preface Part One Part Two Part Three Part Four Part Five Part Six What is the Structure of the Meditations? Meditations on First Philosophy Dedication to the Sorbonne Preface to the Reader Synopsis of the Six Following Meditations First Meditation: Concerning Those Things Which Can Be Called into Doubt Second Meditation: Concerning the Nature of the Human Mind and the Fact that It Is Easier to Know than the Body Third Meditation: Concerning God and the Fact that He Exists Fourth Meditation: Concerning Truth and Falsity Fifth Meditation: Concerning the Essence of Material Things, and, Once Again, Concerning the Fact that God Exists Sixth Meditation: Concerning the Existence of Material Things and the Real Distinction between Mind and Body

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Book Synopsis"Margaret L. King has put together a highly representative selection of readings from most of the more significant—but by no means the most obvious—texts by the authors who made up the movement we have come to call the 'Enlightenment.' They range across much of Europe and the Americas, and from the early seventeenth century until the end of the eighteenth. In the originality of the choice of texts, in its range and depth, this collection offers both wide coverage and striking insights into the intellectual transformation which has done more than any other to shape the world in which we live today. It is simply the best introduction to the subject now available." —Anthony Pagden, UCLA, and author of The Enlightenment and Why It Still Matters Contents:Chronology, IntroductionChapter One - Casting Out Idols: 1620–1697 Idols, or false notions: Francis Bacon, The New Instrument (1620) I think, therefore I am: René Descartes, Discourse on Method (1637) God, or Nature: Baruch Spinoza, Ethics (1677) The system of the world: Isaac Newton, Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy (1687) He searched for truth throughout his life: Pierre Bayle, Historical and Critical Dictionary (1697) Chapter Two - The Learned Maid: 1638–1740 A face raised toward heaven: Anna Maria van Schurman, Whether the Study of Letters Befits a Christian Woman (1638) The worlds I have made: Margaret Cavendish, The Blazing World (1666) A finer sort of cattle: Bathsua Makin, An Essay to Revive the Ancient Education of Gentlewomen (1673) I warn you of the world: Madame de Maintenon, Letter: On the Education of the Demoiselles of Saint-Cyr (August 1, 1686), and Instruction: On the World (1707) The daybreak of your reason: Émilie Du Châtelet, Fundamentals of Physics (1740) Chapter Three - A State of Perfect Freedom: 1689–1695 The chief criterion of the True Church: John Locke, Letter on Toleration (1689) Freedom from any superior power on earth: John Locke, Second Treatise on Civil Government (1689) A white paper, with nothing written on it: John Locke, Essay Concerning Human Understanding (1689) Let your rules be as few as possible: John Locke, Some Thoughts Concerning Education (1693) From death, Jesus Christ restores all to life: John Locke, The Reasonableness of Christianity, as Delivered in the Scriptures (1695) Chapter Four - All Things Made New: 1725–1784 In the wilderness, they are reborn: Giambattista Vico, The New Science (1725/1730/1744) Without these Names, nothing can be known, Carl Linnaeus, System of Nature (1735) All the clouds at last are lifted: Anne Robert Jacques Turgot, The Successive Advancement of the Human Mind (1750) A genealogical or encyclopedic tree of knowledge: Jean le Rond d’Alembert, Preliminary Discourse (1751) Dare to know! : Immanuel Kant, What Is Enlightenment? (1784) Chapter Five - Mind, Soul, and God: 1740–1779 The narrow limits of human understanding: David Hume, An Abstract of a Book Lately Published (1740) The soul is but an empty word: Julien Offray de La Mettrie, Man a Machine (1747) All is reduced to sensation: Claude Adrien Helvétius, On the Mind (1758) An endless web of fantasies and falsehoods: Paul-Henri Thiry, baron d’Holbach, Common Sense (1772) Let each believe that his own ring is real: Gotthold Ephraim Lessing, Nathan the Wise (1779) Chapter Six - Crush That Infamous Thing: 1733–1764 This is the country of sects: Voltaire, Philosophical Letters (1733) Disfigured by myth, until enlightenment comes: Voltaire, The Culture and Spirit of Nations (1756) The best of all possible worlds: Voltaire, Candide (1759) Are we not all children of the same God?: Voltaire, Treatise on Tolerance (1763) If a book displeases you, refute it! : Voltaire, Philosophical Dictionary (1764) Chapter Seven - Toward the Greater Good: 1748–1776 Things must be so ordered that power checks power, Charles de Secondat, baron de Montesquieu, The Spirit of the Laws (1748) Complete freedom of trade must be ensured: François Quesnay, General Maxims for the Economic Management of an Agricultural Kingdom (1758) The nation's war against the citizen: Cesare Beccaria, On Crimes and Punishments (1764) There is no peace in the absence of justice: Adam Ferguson, An Essay on the History of Civil Society (1767) Led by an invisible hand: Adam Smith, An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (1776) Chapter Eight - Encountering Others: 1688–1785 Thus died this great man: Aphra Behn, Oroonoko: or The Royal Slave (1688) Not one sins the less for not being Christian: Lady Mary Wortley Montagu, Embassy Letters (1716–1718) Do you not restore to them their liberty?: Guillaume-Thomas Raynal, Philosophical and Political History of European Colonies and Commerce in the Two Indies (1770) Some things which are rather interesting: Captain James Cook, Voyage towards the South Pole, and Round the World (1777) The inner genius of my being: Johann Gottfried von Herder, Ideas for a Philosophy of the History of Humankind (1785) Chapter - Nine Citizen of Geneva: 1755–1782 The most cunning project ever to enter the human mind: Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Discourse on the Origin and Foundations of Human Inequality (1754) The supreme direction of the General Will: Jean-Jacques Rousseau, The Social Contract (1762) Two lovers from a small town at the foot of the Alps, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Julie, or the New Heloise (1761) Build a fence around your child’s soul: Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Emile, or On Education (1762) This man will be myself: Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Confessions (1770) Chapter Ten - Vindications of Women: 1685–1792 No higher design than to get her a husband: Mary Astell, Reflections on Marriage (1700) The days of my bondage begin: Anna Stanisławska, Orphan Girl (1685) A dying victim dragged to the altar: Denis Diderot, The Nun (1760/1780) Created to be the toy of man: Mary Wollstonecraft, Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792) Man, are you capable of being just?: Olympe de Gouges, Declaration of the Rights of Woman as Citizen (1791) Chapter Eleven - American Reverberations: 1771–1792 I took upon me to assert my freedom: Benjamin Franklin, Autobiography (1771/1792) Freedom has been hunted round the globe: Thomas Paine, Common Sense (1776) Endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights: Thomas Jefferson and Others, Declaration of Independence (1776) A safeguard against faction and insurrection: James Madison, Federalist No. 10 (1787) An end to government by force and fraud: Thomas Paine, The Rights of Man (1791–1792) Chapter Twelve - Enlightenment's End: 1790–1794 A partnership of the living, the dead, and those unborn: Edmund Burke, Reflections on the Revolution in France (1790) The future destiny of the human species: Nicolas de Condorcet, A Sketch of a Historical Portrait of the Progress of the Human Mind (1793–1794) Texts and Studies, IndexTrade Review"King offers an ambitious and exciting anthology, bringing together both classic and previously overlooked texts from men and women from very different national backgrounds and languages. It provides critical materials for thinking about issues of the Enlightenment that still resonate with us, as we untangle the relationships between nature, reason, religion, and rights. King's translation work is particularly impressive and her translations accessible, even for novice readers." —Jennifer Heuer, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, and author of The Family and The Nation: Gender and Citizenship in Revolutionary France, 1789-1830Table of ContentsChronology; Introduction; Casting Out Idols: 1620--1697: Idols, or false notions: Francis Bacon, The New Instrument (1620) I think, therefore I am: René Descartes, Discourse on Method (1637) God, or Nature: Baruch Spinoza, Ethics (1677) The system of the world: Isaac Newton, Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy (1687) He searched for truth throughout his life: Pierre Bayle, Historical and Critical Dictionary (1697); The Learned Maid: 1638--1740: A face raised toward heaven: Anna Maria van Schurman, Whether the Study of Letters Befits a Christian Woman (1638) The worlds I have made: Margaret Cavendish, The Blazing World (1666) A finer sort of cattle: Bathsua Makin, An Essay to Revive the Ancient Education of Gentlewomen (1673) I warn you of the world: Madame de Maintenon, Letter: On the Education of the Demoiselles of Saint-Cyr (August 1, 1686), and Instruction: On the World (1707) The daybreak of your reason: émilie Du Châtelet, Fundamentals of Physics (1740); A State of Perfect Freedom: 1689--1695: The chief criterion of the True Church: John Locke, Letter on Toleration (1689) Freedom from any superior power on earth: John Locke, Second Treatise on Civil Government (1689) A white paper, with nothing written on it: John Locke, Essay Concerning Human Understanding (1689) Let your rules be as few as possible: John Locke, Some Thoughts Concerning Education (1693) From death, Jesus Christ restores all to life: John Locke, The Reasonableness of Christianity, as Delivered in the Scriptures (1695); All Things Made New: 1725--1784: In the wilderness, they are reborn: Giambattista Vico, The New Science (1725/1730/1744) Without these Names, nothing can be known, Carl Linnaeus, System of Nature (1735) All the clouds at last are lifted: Anne Robert Jacques Turgot, The Successive Advancement of the Human Mind (1750) A genealogical or encyclopedic tree of knowledge: Jean le Rond d'Alembert, Preliminary Discourse (1751) Dare to know! : Immanuel Kant, What Is Enlightenment? (1784); Mind, Soul, and God: 1740--1779: The narrow limits of human understanding: David Hume, An Abstract of a Book Lately Published (1740) The soul is but an empty word: Julien Offray de La Mettrie, Man a Machine (1747) All is reduced to sensation: Claude Adrien Helvétius, On the Mind (1758) An endless web of fantasies and falsehoods: Paul-Henri Thiry, baron d'Holbach, Common Sense (1772) Let each believe that his own ring is real: Gotthold Ephraim Lessing, Nathan the Wise (1779); Crush That Infamous Thing: 1733--1764: This is the country of sects: Voltaire, Philosophical Letters (1733) Disfigured by myth, until enlightenment comes: Voltaire, The Culture and Spirit of Nations (1756) The best of all possible worlds: Voltaire, Candide (1759) Are we not all children of the same God?: Voltaire, Treatise on Tolerance (1763) If a book displeases you, refute it! : Voltaire, Philosophical Dictionary (1764); Toward the Greater Good: 1748--1776: Things must be so ordered that power checks power, Charles de Secondat, baron de Montesquieu, The Spirit of the Laws (1748) Complete freedom of trade must be ensured: François Quesnay, General Maxims for the Economic Management of an Agricultural Kingdom (1758) The nation's war against the citizen: Cesare Beccaria, On Crimes and Punishments (1764) There is no peace in the absence of justice: Adam Ferguson, An Essay on the History of Civil Society (1767) Led by an invisible hand: Adam Smith, An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (1776); Encountering Others: 1688--1785: Thus died this great man: Aphra Behn, Oroonoko: or The Royal Slave (1688) Not one sins the less for not being Christian: Lady Mary Wortley Montagu, Embassy Letters (1716--1718) Do you not restore to them their liberty?: Guillaume-Thomas Raynal, Philosophical and Political History of European Colonies and Commerce in the Two Indies (1770) Some things which are rather interesting: Captain James Cook, Voyage towards the South Pole, and Round the World (1777) The inner genius of my being: Johann Gottfried von Herder, Ideas for a Philosophy of the History of Humankind (1785); Citizen of Geneva: 1755--1782: The most cunning project ever to enter the human mind: Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Discourse on the Origin and Foundations of Human Inequality (1754) The supreme direction of the General Will: Jean-Jacques Rousseau, The Social Contract (1762) Two lovers from a small town at the foot of the Alps, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Julie, or the New Heloise (1761) Build a fence around your child's soul: Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Emile, or On Education (1762) This man will be myself: Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Confessions (1770); Vindications of Women: 1685--1792: No higher design than to get her a husband: Mary Astell, Reflections on Marriage (1700) The days of my bondage begin: Anna StanisÅawska, Orphan Girl (1685) A dying victim dragged to the altar: Denis Diderot, The Nun (1760/1780) Created to be the toy of man: Mary Wollstonecraft, Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792) Man, are you capable of being just?: Olympe de Gouges, Declaration of the Rights of Woman as Citizen (1791); American Reverberations: 1771--1792: I took upon me to assert my freedom: Benjamin Franklin, Autobiography (1771/1792) Freedom has been hunted round the globe: Thomas Paine, Common Sense (1776) Endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights: Thomas Jefferson and Others, Declaration of Independence (1776) A safeguard against faction and insurrection: James Madison, Federalist No. 10 (1787) An end to government by force and fraud: Thomas Paine, The Rights of Man (1791--1792); Enlightenment's End: 1790--1794: A partnership of the living, the dead, and those unborn: Edmund Burke, Reflections on the Revolution in France (1790) The future destiny of the human species: Nicolas de Condorcet, A Sketch of a Historical Portrait of the Progress of the Human Mind (1793--1794) Texts and Studies, Index.

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Book SynopsisWhy did "equality" become prominent in European societies based on hierarchy during the Enlightenment? What does "equality" imply for societies, politics, or legal systems? The contributors to this volume draw on various historical case studies, from visionary practices in revolutionary France and the collection of data on the poor in 19th-century Germany, to claims raised under the minority regime of the League of Nations and the anti-discrimination politics of the UN and India. The dynamics of universalizing equality are contrasted with a concept asserting that equality must be limited to and by order. The contributions thus explore concepts of equality from the perspectives of history and law and show that practices of comparing were essential when it came to imagining others as equal, fighting discrimination, or scandalizing social inequalities.Table of ContentsConcepts of Equality: Why, Who, What for?; Hierarchy as Order: Equality as Chaos?; Envisioning Equality in the French Revolution; "A Deep, Horizontal Comradeship?"; Minority Protection under the League of Nations: Universal and Particular Equality; Equality through the Lens of Racial Discrimination; India, the UN and Caste as a Form of Racial Discrimination: Resolving the Dispute; Equality under the Indian Constitution; Authors and Editors.

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Book SynopsisContemporary philosophers frequently assume that Kant never seriously engaged with Spinoza or Spinozism-certainly not before the break of Der Pantheismusstreit, or within the Critique of Pure Reason. Offering an alternative reading of key pre-critical texts and to some of the Critique''s most central chapters, Omri Boehm challenges this common assumption. He argues that Kant not only is committed to Spinozism in early essays such as The One Possible Basis and New Elucidation, but also takes up Spinozist metaphysics as Transcendental Realism''s most consistent form in the Critique of Pure Reason. The success -- or failure -- of Kant''s critical projects must be evaluated in this light. Boehm here examines The Antinomies alongside Spinoza''s Substance Monism and his theory of freedom. Similarly, he analyzes the refutation of the Ontological Argument in parallel with Spinoza''s Causa-sui. More generally, Boehm places the Critique of Pure Reason''s separation of Thought from Being and Is fTrade ReviewOmri Boehm offers a lucid and incisive defence, supported by careful scholarship, of the compelling idea that preoccupation with Spinozaappreciation of the force of Spinoza's reasoning along with a concern to avoid his drastic conclusionsis at the heart of Kants philosophical enterprise. I have learned a great deal from Boehm's fascinating study, and its excellence will be clearly visible to anyone who has pursued the question of what the Critique of Pure Reason is aiming to achieve. * Sebastian Gardner, Critique *An avalanche of important work has been done recently on Spinoza as well as on Kant, but no one has considered their philosophical relationship in extensive detail in the way that Omri Boehm does here. In addition to offering challenging original treatments of the concept of God and the Pantheism Controversy, a unique contribution of this volume is its systematic analysis of the relation of Spinoza's arguments to Kant's complex First and Third Antinomies. These chapters alone make the book required reading now for anyone concerned with the central themes of modern philosophy. * Karl Ameriks, McMahon-Hank Professor of Philosophy, University of Notre Dame *Table of ContentsPreface ; Introduction ; 1. The One Possible Basis: The Ideal of Pure Reason and Kant's Regulative Spinozism ; 2. The First Antinomy and Spinoza ; 3. The Third Antinomy and Spinoza ; 4. The Causa Sui and the Ontological Argument, or The Principle of Sufficient Reason and The Is-Ought Distinction ; 5. Radical Enlightenment, the Pantheismusstreit, and a Change of Tone in the Critique of Pure Reason ; Bibliography ; Acknowledgements

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Book SynopsisHume is held to have taught that causal power and self are projections, that God is a projection of our fear, and that value is a projection of sentiment. In Projection and Realism in Hume's Philosophy, P. J. E. Kail provides a fresh interpretation of this metaphor and uses it to shed new light on some of Hume's central ideas.Trade ReviewReview from previous edition Peter Kail's engaging study undertakes to illuminate Hume on the external world, necessity, and value by juxtaposing these topics with God, personal identity, and colour respectively...There is much...to admire: the unusual breadth of coverage; the rich comparison of Hume's explanations of belief in God and the external world...The intricate defences of provocative interpretive claims-for example, that Hume thinks belief with evaluation content can, on its own, motivate action-are sure to recieve wide attention. * Louis E. Loeb, Mind *A formiddable accomplishment, highly innovative in many of its theses, and, all in all, well-stocked with interesting arguments... Of the writing of books on Hume there is end; kail's is hugely impressive, one of the best I have read in the past decade or so. * Alexander Broadie, British Journal for the History of Philosophy *Projection and Realism in Hume's Philosophy is a rich and valuable addition to Hume scholarship. The most welcome contribution of the work is the comprehensive picture of the sort of projection at work in Hume's philosophy informed by the systematic tracking of the various usages throughout his work. The line of research into the connection between projection, realism, and anti-realism is fruitful. The detailed and clever textual analysis coupled with the originality and boldness of many of the core theses ensures that Kail's book will remain both an indispensable reference and a source of inspiration for the future scholarly activities of Hume specialists. * Angela Coventry, Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews *Table of ContentsPART I: RELIGION AND THE EXTERNAL WORLD; PART II: MODALITY, PROJECTION AND REALISM; PART III: VALUE, PROJECTION AND REALISM

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Book SynopsisThis volume presents seventeen essays by one of the world's leading scholars on Kant. Henry E. Allison explores the nature of transcendental idealism, freedom of the will, and the concept of the purposiveness of nature. He places Kant's views in their historical context and explores their contemporary relevance to present day philosophers.Trade ReviewAny new book from Henry Allison, one of the most influential Kant scholars in the four-decade-old resurgence of interest in Kant, is welcomeThe value of this particular essay, and the book in general, is that it invites this kind of further consideration of Allison's pivotal and comprehensive interpretation of Kant. * Frederick Rauscher, Mind *Allison's work is typically clear, thoughtful, and based upon careful reading and contemplation of both Kant's words and his deep intentions. No matter ones particular interests in Kant, this volume will serve as a welcome guide and deserves careful attention by anyone seriously interested in Kant in particular and the history of philosophy in general. * Andrew Israelsen, Bibliographia *Few people have had more impact on how Anglo-American philosophers read Kant than Henry Allison. . . . Throughout the diversity of this material, Allison sustains his characteristic clarity, seemingly encyclopedic knowledge of Kant's texts, and unified vision of Kant's Critical philosophy. . . . Allison's interpretations of Kant in these essays are, as always, something about which Kant scholars will have to think, and argue, for years to come. * Nicholas Stang, Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews *Table of ContentsPART ONE; PART TWO; PART THREE; PART FOUR

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Book SynopsisThe Kantian Aesthetic explains the kind of perceptual knowledge involved in aesthetic judgments. It does so by linking Kant''s aesthetics to a critically upgraded account of his theory of knowledge. This upgraded theory emphasizes those conceptual and imaginative structures which Kant terms, respectively, ''categories'' and ''schemata''. By describing examples of aesthetic judgment, it is shown that these judgments must involve categories and fundamental schemata (even though Kant himself, and most commentators after him, have not fully appreciated the fact). It is argued, in turn, that this shows the aesthetic to be not just one kind of pleasurable experience amongst others, but one based on factors necessary to objective knowledge and personal identity, and which, indeed, itself plays a role in how these capacities develop.In order to explain how individual aesthetic judgments are justified, and the aesthetic basis of art, however, the Kantian position just outlined has to be developTrade Reviewexciting and provocative * Philosophy in Review *Table of ContentsIntroduction ; 1. The Transcendental Deduction; Objective Knowledge and the Unity of Self- Consciousness ; 2. Imagination and the Conditions of Knowledge ; 3. Pure Aesthetic Judgment: A Harmony of Imagination and Understanding ; 4. The Universality and Justification of Taste ; 5. Adherent Beauty and Concepts of Perfection ; 6. From Aesthetic Ideas to the Avant-Garde: The Scope of Fine Art ; 7. The Kantian Sublime Revisited

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Book SynopsisKant''s Elliptical Path explores the main stages and key concepts in the development of Kant''s Critical philosophy, from the early 1760s to the 1790s. Karl Ameriks provides a detailed and concise account of the main ways in which the later Critical works provide a plausible defence of the conception of humanity''s fundamental end that Kant turned to after reading Rousseau in the 1760s. Separate essays are devoted to each of the three Critiques, as well as to earlier notes and lectures and several of Kant''s later writings on history and religion. A final section devotes three chapters to post-Kantian developments in German Romanticism, accounts of tragedy up through Nietzsche, and contemporary philosophy. The theme of an elliptical path is shown to be relevant to these writers as well as to many aspects of Kant''s own life and work.The topics of the book include fundamental issues in epistemology and metaphysics, with a new defense of the Amerik''s ''moderate'' interpretation of transTrade ReviewKant's Elliptical Path is an impressive work of philosophical interpretation. * Uygar Abaci, The Philosophical Quarterly, *Table of ContentsPART I. BEFORE THE CRITIQUES: KANT'S SELF-RECOVERY; PART II. KANT'S CRITIQUES; FIRST SECTION. THE FIRST CRITIQUE (1781, 1787) AND REALITY; SECOND SECTION. THE SECOND CRITIQUE (1788) AND MORALITY; THIRD SECTION. THE THIRD CRITIQUE (1790) AND PURPOSE; PART III. AFTER THE CRITIQUES

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Book SynopsisThis book is a selective historical and critical study of moral philosophy in the Socratic tradition, with special attention to Aristotelian naturalism. It discusses the main topics of moral philosophy as they have developed historically, including: the human good, human nature, justice, friendship, and morality; the methods of moral inquiry; the virtues and their connexions; will, freedom, and responsibility; reason and emotion; relativism, subjectivism, and realism; the theological aspect of morality. The first volume discusses ancient and mediaeval moral philosophy. The second volume examines early modern moral philosophy from the 16th to the 18th century. This third volume continues the story up to Rawls''s Theory of Justice.A comparison between the Kantian and the Aristotelian outlook is one central theme of the third volume. The chapters on Kant compare Kant both with his rationalist and empiricist predecessors and with the Aristotelian naturalist tradition. Reactions to Kant areTrade ReviewFor it truly is a great book, and I doubt that we will see a history of ethics similar in scope and ambition for some time to come. * Mark Eli Kalderon, Ethics *Table of Contents66. Kant: Practical Laws ; 67. Kant: From Practical Laws to Morality ; 68. Kant: Some objections and replies ; 69. Kant: Freedom ; 70. Kant: From Freedom to Morality ; 71. Kant: Morality and the good ; 72. Kant: Meta-ethical questions ; 73. Hegel: History and Theory ; 74. Hegel: Morality and beyond ; 75. Marx and Idealist Moral Theory ; 76. Schopenhauer ; 77. Kierkegaard ; 78. Nietzsche ; 79. Mill: Earlier Utilitarianism and its Critics ; 80. Mill: A revised version of utilitarianism ; 81. Sidgwick: Methods and Sources ; 82. Sidgwick: The Examination of Methods ; 83. Sidgwick's Axioms of Morality ; 84. Bradley ; 85. Green ; 86. Moore ; 87. Ross ; 88. Logical Empiricism and Emotivism ; 89. Lewis ; 90. Hare: A defence of non-cognitivism ; 91. Existentialism ; 92. Revivals of Non-Cognitivism ; 93. Objectivity and its Critics ; 94. Versions of Naturalism ; 95. Rawls: The just, the fair, and the right ; 96. Rawls: The right and the good

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Book SynopsisLooks at the eighteenth-century Scottish Enlightenment - which gave birth to modern-day environmentalism - and sheds new light on Scottish thinkers such as Carl Linneaus, David Hume and Adam Smith. In this book, the author argues that Smith's defence of free markets was actually based on idealized notions of self-regulating natural systems.Trade Review “Enlightenment’s Frontier is a wonderful work of environmental, intellectual and social history, which will change historical understanding of eighteenth-century Scotland and illuminate contemporary choices about energy and sustainability.”—Emma Rothschild, Harvard University -- Emma Rothschild “A lively work, written with subtlety, some considerable humor, and always conscious of its contemporary relevance . . . this volume should be read by those with an interest in the history of enlightenment thought, empire and science, development ideology, and environmentalism.”—Paul Warde, University of East Anglia -- Paul Warde “An important and interesting book and one that should speak to different historical scholars—of Enlightenment, of intellectual history, of British and Scottish history.”—Charles W. J. Withers, University of Edinburgh -- Charles W J Withers“This nuanced study is a model of intellectual and environmental history.”—Environmental History * Environmental History *“[Jonsson’s] learned and lucidly written book will draw other scholars’ attention to the period when enlightened Scots looked northward with a mixture of nostalgia, puzzlement, and trepidation.”—Journal of British Studies * Journal of British Studies *“One of the most interesting books published on the Scottish Enlightenment in some time . . . For those interested in the Enlightenment, environmentalism, and eighteenth-century Scotland, this is a book to be read.”—American Historical Review * American Historical Review *“An insightful interpretation of how the Highlands served as a focal point for the environmental reflections of naturalists and politicians.”—Eighteenth-Century Studies * Eighteenth-Century Studies *

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Book SynopsisGilles Deleuze (1925-1995) is a key figure in poststructuralism, and one of the most influential philosophers of the twentieth century. The author proposes a radical way of understanding philosophy and art. He develops the concept further to present a way of practising philosophy based upon the fold as the relationship of difference with itself.Trade Review"'A significant and needed contribution... proposes a radically new conception of the notion of Baroque and, at the same time, is a new interpretation of Leibniz's work.' -- Reda Bensmaia 'A powerful and illuminating interpretation.' -- British Journal of Aesthetics"Table of ContentsTranslator's Foreword: A Plea for Leibniz; PART I: The Fold; 1. The Pleats of Matter; 2. The Folds in the Soul; 3. What is Baroque?; PART II: Inclusions; 4. Sufficient Reason; 5. Incompossibility, Individuality, Liberty; 6. What Is an Event?; PART III: Having a Body; 7. Perception in the Folds; 8. The Two Floors; 9. The New Harmony; Notes; Index.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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Book Synopsis

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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Book SynopsisThe problem of free will is one of the oldest and most central philosophical conundrums. The contemporary debate around it has produced a range of sophisticated proposals, but shows no sign of leading to convergence. Christian Onof reviews these contemporary approaches and argues that their main shortcomings are ultimately due to paradoxical requirements on free will imposed by the naturalistic framework. Onof singles out Kant's critical solution as one that stands out among historical approaches insofar as it is based upon a rejection of this framework. By using the same methodological tool that he applies to contemporary proposals, namely a distinction between a volitional account of how we control our actions, a psychological account of the reasons for it and a metaphysical account of our status as agent, Onof shows that Kant's solution constitutes a coherent picture of free will. By exhibiting the structure running through several key publications of Kant's critical period and dr

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Book SynopsisSalomon Maimon was one of the most important and influential Jewish intellectuals of the Enlightenment. This translation of his principal work, "Essay on Transcendental Philosophy", expresses Maimon's response to the revolution in philosophy wrought by Kant's "Critique of Pure Reason".Trade Review[T]his is a remarkable accomplishment which will hopefully set standards for future work on Maimon, both in quality and ... also in the all too rare cooperation between scholars to which this edition testifies. * Kant studien *Table of ContentsTranslator's Introduction; Letter from Maimon to Kant; Letter in reply from Kant to Maimon; Letter from Maimon to Berlin Journal for Enlightenment; Essay on Transcendental Philosophy; Dedication; Introduction; 1. Matter, Form of Cognition, Form of Sensibility, Form of Understanding, Tim and Space; 2. Sensibility, Imagination, Understanding, Pure A Priori Concepts of the Understanding or Categories, Schemata, Answering the Question Quid Juris, Answering the Question Quid Facti, Doubts about the Latter; 3. Ideas of the Understanding, Ideas of Reason; 4. Subject and Predicate, The Determinable and the Determination; 5. Think, Possible, Necessary, Ground, Consequence; 6. Identity, Difference, Opposition, Reality, Logical and Transcendental Negation; 7. Magnitude; 8. Alteration, Change; 9. Truth, Subjective, Objective, Logical, Metaphysical; 10. On the I, Materialism, Idealism, Dualism; Short Overview of the Whole Work; My Ontology; On Symbolic Cognition and Philosophical Language; Notes and Clarifications; Glossary; Bibliography; Index.

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Book SynopsisSalomon Maimon was one of the most important and influential Jewish intellectuals of the Enlightenment. This translation of his principal work, "Essay on Transcendental Philosophy", expresses Maimon's response to the revolution in philosophy wrought by Kant's "Critique of Pure Reason".Table of ContentsTranslator's Introduction; Letter from Maimon to Kant; Letter in reply from Kant to Maimon; Letter from Maimon to Berlin Journal for Enlightenment; Essay on Transcendental Philosophy; Dedication; Introduction; 1. Matter, Form of Cognition, Form of Sensibility, Form of Understanding, Tim and Space; 2. Sensibility, Imagination, Understanding, Pure A Priori Concepts of the Understanding or Categories, Schemata, Answering the Question Quid Juris, Answering the Question Quid Facti, Doubts about the Latter; 3. Ideas of the Understanding, Ideas of Reason; 4. Subject and Predicate, The Determinable and the Determination; 5. Think, Possible, Necessary, Ground, Consequence; 6. Identity, Difference, Opposition, Reality, Logical and Transcendental Negation; 7. Magnitude; 8. Alteration, Change; 9. Truth, Subjective, Objective, Logical, Metaphysical; 10. On the I, Materialism, Idealism, Dualism; Short Overview of the Whole Work; My Ontology; On Symbolic Cognition and Philosophical Language; Notes and Clarifications; Glossary; Bibliography; Index.

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Book SynopsisHasana Sharp is Assistant Professor of Philosophy at McGill University, Quebec, Canada. She is author of Spinoza and the Politics of Renaturalization (University of Chicago, 2011). Jason E. Smith is Assistant Professor of Graduate Studies in Art at the Art Center College of Design, California, USA.Table of ContentsIntroduction: Between Hegel and Spinoza The Editors \ Section I: The Individual and Transindividuality between Ontology and Politics \ The Misunderstanding of the Mode. Spinoza in Hegel's Science of Logic (1812-1816) Vittorio Morfino \ "Desire is Man's Very Essence": Spinoza and Hegel as Philosophers of Transindividuality Jason Read \ The Problem of the Beginning in Political Philosophy: Spinoza After Hegel Andre Santos Campos Section II: Hegel's Spinoza \ Hegel, sive Spinoza: Hegel as his own True Other Warren Montag \ Hegel's Treatment of Spinoza: Its Scope and Its Limits Vance Maxwell \ Hegel's Reconciliation with Spinoza John McCumber \ Section III: The Psychic Life of Negation \ Affirmative Pathology: Spinoza and Hegel on Illness and Self-Repair Christopher Lauer \ Of Suicide and Falling Stones: Finitude, Contingency, and Corporeal Vulnerability in (Judith Butler's) Spinoza Gordon Hull \ Thinking the Space of the Subject between Hegel and Spinoza Caroline Williams \ Section IV: Judaism Beyond Hegel and Spinoza \ The Paradox of a Perfect Democracy: From Spinoza's Theologico-Political Treatise to Marx's Critique of Ideology Idit Dobbs-Weinstein \ Spinoza, Hegel, and Adorno on Judaism and History Jeffrey A. Bernstein

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Book SynopsisThis collection of essays takes as its starting point Arthur Ripstein’s Force and Freedom: Kant’s Legal and Political Philosophy, a seminal work on Kant’s thinking about law, which also treats many of the contemporary issues of legal and political philosophy. The essays offer readings and elucidations of Ripstein’s thought, dispute some of his claims and extend some of his themes within broader philosophical contexts, thus developing the significance of Ripstein’s ideas for contemporary legal and political philosophy. All of the essays are contributions to normative philosophy in a broadly Kantian spirit. Prominent themes include rights in the body, the relation between morality and law, the nature of coercion and its role in legal obligation, the role of indeterminacy in law, the nature and justification of political society and the theory of the state. This volume will be of interest to a wide audience, including legal scholars, Kant scholars, and philosophers with an interest in Kant or in legal and political philosophy.Trade ReviewThe book is a model of the genre: not only are all the essays exceptionally well developed, they unfold in a coherent sequence, aided by Stone’s virtuoso introduction... a superb book that goes to the heart of Ripstein’s legal theory—a theory that is itself justly at the heart of legal philosophy today. -- Nick Sage, London School of Economics and Political Science * Canadian Journal of Law & Jurisprudence *Table of ContentsOVERVIEW 1. Ripstein and His Critics Martin J Stone I. INNATE RIGHT 2. Persons and Bodies Japa Pallikkathayil 3. A Regime of Equal Private Freedom? Individual Rights and Public Law in Ripstein’s Force and Freedom Katrin Flikschuh II. FORMALITY 4. Rights and Interests in Ripstein’s Kant Andrea Sangiovanni 5. Independent People AJ Julius III. PUBLIC RIGHT 6. Why Is Willing Irrelevant to the Grounding of (Any) Obligation? Remarks on Arthur Ripstein’s Conception of Omnilateral Willing George Pavlakos 7. Ripstein on Kant on Revolution Daniel Weinstock IV. RIGHT AND ETHICS 8. Right and Ethics: Arthur Ripstein’s Force and Freedom Allen Wood 9. Kant’s Apparent Positivism Martin J Stone V. REPLY 10. Embodied Free Beings under Public Law: A Reply Arthur Ripstein

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