Theory of warfare and military science Books

Book SynopsisThis volume in the Praeger Security International (PSI) series Classics of the Counterinsurgency Era by two officers-one from the Philippines and the other from America-who fought as guerrillas against the Japanese occupation and went on to defeat the Huk rebellion after World War II.Table of ContentsForeword Prologue What and Why Is a Guerrilla Characteristics of Guerrilla Movements and Operations Approaches to Counterguerrilla Warfare The Situation and the Terrain Know Thine Enemy: Estimate of the Enemy Situation Know Thyself: Analysis of Friendly Forces The Mission Target-The Guerrilla Fool 'Em Find 'Em Fight 'Em Target-The Civilian Target-The Nation Appendix I. Patrol SOP for Counterguerrilla Operations Appendix II. Suggested Special Warfare Battalion Appendix III. Recommended Reading

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Book SynopsisMilitary occupation is a recurrent feature of modern international politics and yet has received little attention from political scientists. This book sets out to remedy this neglect, offering:* an account of military occupation as a form of government* an assessment of key trends in the development of military occupations over the last two centuries* an explanation the conceptual and practical difficulties encountered by occupiers* examples drawn from, amongst others, the First and Second World Wars, US occupations in Latin America and Japan, the Israeli occupation of the West Bank, and the current occupation of IraqAfter a survey of the evolving practice and meaning of military occupation the book deals with its contested definitions, challenging restrictive approaches that disguise the true extent of the incidence of military occupation. Subsequent chapters explain the diverse forms that military government within occupation regimes take on and the role of civilian governors and agencies within occupation regimes; the significance of military occupation for our understanding of political obligation; the concept of sovereignty; the nature and meaning of justice; and our evaluation of regime transformation under conditions of military occupation.Table of ContentsIntroduction; 1. The Evolving Practice and Meaning of Military Occupation; 2. Defining Occupation; 3. Forms of Military Government; 4. The Role of Civilian Governors in Military Occupation; 5. Occupation and Obligation; 6. Sovereignty and Occupation; 7. Justice under Occupation; 8. Occupation and Regime Transformation; Conclusion; Select Bibliography; Index.

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Book SynopsisMikael Weissmann is Associate Professor, Head of Research at the Land Operations Section and Co-Convener of the Hybrid Warfare Research Group in the Department of Military Studies at the Swedish Defence University, Sweden.Niklas Nilsson is Assistant Professor and Co-Convener of the Hybrid Warfare Research Group in the Department of Military Studies at the Swedish Defence University, Sweden.1. Björn Palmertz is Senior Analyst, CATS, Swedish Defence University, Sweden.Trade ReviewThis collection of essays on international hybrid threats and proper responses is a veritable cornucopia of empirical research findings and analytic insights, in the manner of so much good research and writing coming out of Sweden on matters of war and peace. With a wide array of authors from the world’s democracies, the contributions in this volume will be attractive to professionals and the public alike who are interested in the gray zone falling between outright war and peace in this trouble world---the space that Russia likes to operate within, for example, as Moscow attempts to manipulate Western opinion and undermine the open societies. One of the volume’s great strengths is its melding of thinking on this subject by both scholars and practitioners. Fascinating, too, are a series of case studies included among the chapters, with probes into hybrid threats and warfare as seen from the perspectives of China, Iran, Russia, the United States, and several other illustrations. The relevance, thoughtfulness, and practicality of this book cannot be overstated. * Loch K. Johnson, Regents Professor Emeritus, University of Georgia, USA *The new form of global competition being waged in the Grey Zone between peace and war is a struggle for our minds. This curated collection of articles by international experts in hybrid warfare is a timely warning of what is at stake for us in the digital age. Read it to find out what we must do to defend ourselves and our democracy. * Professor Sir David Omand, former UK Security and Intelligence Coordinator and Director of GCHQ *War is not what it used to be in the industrial age. As we are entering the digital age, we often find ourselves in a grey zone of contest, conflict and confrontation where a wide array of means are used to influence, disrupt and sometimes - although more seldom - also to destruct. This collection helps us to understand and to navigate in today’s far more complex reality with an ongoing contest between the different rising and declining powers of our time. * Carl Bildt, former Prime Minister (1991-1994) and Foreign Minister (2006-2014) of Sweden. Currently Co-Chair of the European Council on Foreign Relations *The edited volume Hybrid warfare: Security and Asymmetric Conflict in International Relations provides timely summary of conceptual origins of the hybrid war within the western research community, accompanied with insightful analysis of how this concept has been interpreted in Russia, Iran and China. The key contribution of the volume for further expert and policy debate is however combination of conceptually oriented research with the high-quality empirical analyses. The latter highlight concrete cases of hybrid war, focusing on the methods used (from informational, cyber to military) as well as on the efforts to counter hybrid war in different political contexts. The Hybridity Blizzard Model developed by the authors provides a good overview of the complexity of the problem. * Katri Pynnöniemi, Assistant Professor and holder of the Mannerheim Chair of Russian Security Studies at the University of Helsinki and National Defence University, Finland *Hybrid Warfare is one of the most misunderstood concepts in modern security studies, this volume goes a long way towards clearing up the confusion by providing a viable path towards understanding the evolution of warfare. Western nations will face the challenge of hybrid threats well into the future because of the opportunity new methods of political warfare offer, the "blizzard" is coming for us all. * Brandon Valeriano, Bren Chair of Military Innovation at the Marine Corps University *Table of ContentsForeword - Amb. Fredrik Löjdquist, Ambassador and Special Envoy for Countering Hybrid Threats, Sweden 1. Security Challenges in the Grey Zone: Hybrid Threats and Hybrid WarfareDr. Niklas Nilsson, Dr. Mikael Weissmann, Björn Palmertz, Per Thunholm, Henrik Häggström 2. NATO and Hybrid Warfare: Seeking a Concept to Describe the Challenge from Russia Dr. G. Alexander Crowther, Research Professor, Florida International University, former Special Assistant to the Supreme Allied Commander, Europe and former researcher in the Strategic Studies Institute and the US National Defense University. 3. An American View: Hybrid Threats and Intelligence Dr. Gregory F. Treverton, University of Southern California, former Chair of the US National Intelligence Council 4. A Perspective on EU Hybrid Threat Early Warning Efforts Dr. Patrick Cullen, Senior Research Fellow, Norwegian Institute of International Affairs (NUPI) & member of the "Countering Hybrid Warfare" component of the Multinational Capability Development Campaign (MCDC) 5. Conceptualizing and Countering Hybrid Threats and Hybrid Warfare: The Role of the Military in the Grey-zone Dr. Mikael Weissmann, Associate Professor, Head of Research at the Land Operations Section and Co-Convener of the Hybrid Warfare Research Group, Department of Military Studies, Swedish Defence University. 6. Understanding Russian Thinking on Gibridnaya Voyna Dr. Markus Göransson, Assistant Professor and project leader of the Russia program, Swedish Defence University 7. China and its Hybrid Warfare Spectrum Dr. Lora Saalman, Senior Fellow, EastWest Institute; Associate Senior Fellow, Stockholm International Peace Research Institute 8. Influence Operations and the Modern Information Environment Björn Palmertz, Senior Analyst, CATS, Swedish Defence University 9. Hybrid Threats and New Challenges for Multilateral Intelligence Cooperation Henrik Häggström, Senior Analyst, Center for Asymmetric Threat Studies (CATS), Swedish Defence University 10. Cyberwarfare and the Internet: the Implications of a More Digitalized World Anne-Marie Eklund-Löwinder, Head of Security, The Swedish Internet Foundation and Cryptographic Officer at the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) Anna Djup, Analyst, Information Assurance, Center for Asymmetric Threat Studies (CATS), Swedish Defence University 11. The US and Hybrid Challenges: Past, Present and Future Jed Willard, Director of the Franklin Delano Roosevelt Center for Global Engagement, Harvard University 12. China’s Political Warfare in Taiwan: Strategies, Methods, and Global Implication Dr Gulizar Haciyakupoglu, Research Fellow, the Centre of Excellence for National Security (CENS), S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies (RSIS), Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore. Dr Michael Raska, Assistant Professor, Coordinator of Military Transformations Programme, IDSS, RSIS, Singapore 13. Hybrid Warfare in the Baltics Dr Dorthe Bach Nyemann, Associate Professor in International Relations, Institute for Strategy, Royal Danish Defence College 14. De-Hybridization and Conflict Narration: Ukraine’s Defence against Russian Hybrid Warfare Dr. Niklas Nilsson, Assistant Professor, Co-Convener of the Hybrid Warfare Research Group, Department of Military Studies, Swedish Defence University 15. Iran’s Hybrid Warfare Capabilities Dr. Rouzbeh Parsi, Head of the Middle East and North Africa Programme, Swedish Institute of International Affairs 16. Information Influencing in the Catalan Illegal Referendum and Beyond Dr. Ruben Arcos, Rey Juan Carlos University 17. Moving out of the Blizzard: Towards a Comprehensive Approach to Hybrid Threats and Hybrid Warfare Dr. Mikael Weissmann, Dr. Niklas Nilsson, Björn Palmertz

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Book SynopsisThis twofold study investigates the character of intelligence knowledge and the social context in which it is produced, using the Swedish Military and Security Directorate (MUST) as a case study.

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Book SynopsisSince the Cold War, humanitarian interventions have transitioned through a range of stages. These 12 essays focus on the challenges associated with interventions, conflict and attendant human rights violations, unmitigated and systematic violence, state re-building, and issues associated with human mobility and dislocation.

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Book SynopsisJoseph O'Mahoney systematically analyses 21 case studies including the Manchurian Crisis, the Turkish invasion of Cyprus and Russia's annexation of Crimea to explore why so many states have adopted a policy of non-recognition of the spoils of war.

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Book SynopsisThis book is a detailed study of the role that external military crises played in the development and growth of Japanese security policies in the period following the end of the Cold War.

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Book SynopsisThe Killing School brings readers inside the U.S. Naval Special Warfare (SEAL) Scout/Sniper Course - the gruelling three-month training program that produces the world's deadliest snipers.As a SEAL sniper and combat veteran, Brandon Webb was tasked with revamping the U.S. Naval Special Warfare (SEAL) Scout/Sniper School, incorporating the latest advances in technology to create an entirely new course that continues to test even the best warriors. In this revealing new book, Webb takes readers through every aspect of the elite training. Trainees learn to utilize every edge possible to make their shot count - studying crosswinds, barometric pressure, latitude, and even the rotation of the Earth to becoming ballistic experts. In addition to marksmanship, each SEAL's endurance, stealth, and mental and physical stamina are pushed to the breaking point.Webb also shows how this training plays out in combat, using real-life exploits of the world's top snipers, including Jason Delgado, who made some of the most remarkable kill shots in the Iraq War; Nicholas Irving, the U.S. Army Ranger credited with thirty-three kills in a single tour in Afghanistan; and Rob Furlong, who during Operation Anaconda delivered the then-longest kill shot in history.During Webb's sniper school tenure, the course graduated some of the deadliest snipers of this generation, including Marcus Luttrell (Lone Survivor), Adam Brown (Fearless), and Chris Kyle (American Sniper). The Killing School demonstrates how today's sniper is trained to function as an entire military operation rolled into a single individual - an army of one.(P)2017 Quercus Editions Limited

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Book SynopsisFrom Angola and Liberia to Iraq and the Congo, wars have taken place in resource rich countries full of poor people. In Wars of Plunder Philippe Le Billon explores how resources have shaped recent conflicts, and what the international community has tried to do about it. Focusing on key resources-oil, diamonds, and timber-he argues that resources and wars are linked in three main ways. First, resource revenues finance belligerents, a trend that has become all the more conspicuous since the withdrawal of Cold War foreign sponsorship in the late 1980s. Although the 'War on Terror' has redefined military assistance and the internationalisation of war, many belligerents continue to rely on and profit from 'conflict resources'. Second, resource exploitation generates conflict. As global demand for raw materials has sharply increased, competition over critical resources such as oil has resulted in a flurry of 'resource conflicts', from local community struggles against mining multinationals to regional and international tensions. Third, economic shocks and poor governance sharply increase the risk of war (the 'resource curse'). While today's resource boom is a major economic opportunity for resource rich but poor countries, reliance on resource exports often implies sharp economic downturns. Not all resources are the same, however, and effective responses are at hand. Sanctions, military interventions and wealth sharing have helped bring an end to conflicts, yet only deeper domestic and international reforms in resource governance can stop the plunder.Trade Review'The bottom line is that Wars of Plunder represents a near-exhaustive study of the relationship between resources and conflict. In light of its command of a vast literature and its wealth of descriptive details it should be given a prominent place on the bookshelf of any researcher in related fields and should be the first book read by any new student of the field.' * H-War, H-Net reviews *'Le Billon's uncovering of the complexities involved in resource conflict makes this book a valuable contribution to the discussion of intrastate violence ... Highly recommended.' * Choice *'This impressive book will be a very significant contribution to its field. It does a remarkable job of summarizing a multifarious, and often complex, body of literature without oversimplifying it ... and reveals a prodigious amount of reading by the author as well as the breadth of field research he has pursued over many years.' * Dr Ricardo Soares de Oliveira, Oxford University *'For anyone interested in war economies and what to do about them, this book is a real 'must-read'. From Angola to Cambodia, from oil to timber, the author draws on two decades of scholarly research and field experience to paint a remarkable picture of the complex resource-conflict nexus: concise, and yet nuanced and comprehensive.' * Gilles Carbonnier, professor of development economics at the Graduate Institute / Geneva and editor-in-chief of International Development Policy *'Le Billon has written a deep, nuanced, analytically rich exploration of the many ways that oil, diamonds, and timber are intertwined with violent conflict. This is an important book for both scholars and activists.' * Michael L. Ross, Professor of Political Science at the University of California, Los Angeles, and author of The Oil Curse: How Petroleum Shapes the Development of Nations *'The complexity of contemporary resource wars is elegantly unpacked in this lucid investigation of geography and violence. It shows how resources are entangled in complicated geopolitical economies which require careful policy initiatives rather than simple moral certainties. This simply is the "must read" volume for anyone concerned to understand these issues in depth.' * Simon Dalby, Carleton University *

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Book SynopsisAs the People's Republic's seemingly inexorable rise to economic and military power con-tinues, never has the need for a better grasp of Chinese strategic thought by the West been more acute. In Deciphering Sun Tzu, Derek Yuen seeks to reclaim for the reader the hidden contours and lost Chinese and Taoist con- texts of Sun Tzu's renowned treatise The Art of War, a literary classic and arguably one of the most influential books ever written. He also explains its historical, philosophical, strategic, and cross-cultural significance. His comprehensive analysis of Sun Tzu, based on close reading of the Chinese sources, also reconstructs the philosophy, Taoist methodology and worldview that effectively form the cornerstones of Chinese strategic thinking, which are arguably as relevant today as at any moment in history. Yuen's innovative reading and analysis of Sun Tzu within and from a Chinese context is a new way of approaching the strategic mas- ter's main concepts, which he compares with those of Clausewitz, Liddell-Hart and other Western strategists.Deciphering Sun Tzu offers illuminating analysis and contextualisation of The Art of War in a manner that has long been sought by Western readers and opens new means of getting to grips with Chinese strategic thought.Trade Review'Deciphering Sun Tzu is by far the best book on the subject in years. ... Yuen argues that the only way to read Sun Tzu is to understand the philosophical, historical, and cultural context behind The Art of War. ... Yuen's work reveals that Sun Tzu's treatise needs to be seen in the context of statecraft as a broader cultural artifact rather than in the narrower context of war or strategy'. -- Rob Johnson, Director of the Changing Character of War Programme, Oxford University, in The American Interest'Yuen puts Sun Tzu in context, identifying his debts to Chinese philosophy (particularly Taoism), providing historical background, guiding the reader through the key themes in his work, explaining common interpretations of it, and detailing its reception in the West. Yuen presents Sun Tzu's view of strategic thought as holistic and nonlinear. This is not a book for the faint-hearted or for those skeptical about Sun Tzu's approach to strategy. But anyone who wishes to understand Sun Tzu should not ignore it.' -- Lawrence Freedman, Foreign Affairs'Taking the oldest and most enigmatic of military texts Derek Yuen boldly confronts questions of philosophy and strategic culture as no other contemporary interpreter of Sun Tzu has done before. In a quite extraordinary work of erudition he demonstrates both the continuing significance of The Art of War in Chinese thinking and why our continuing misreading of the text is proving so damaging to our understanding of Chinese thinking.' -- Christopher Coker, Professor of International Relations, London School of Economics and Political Science, and author of The Improbable War: China, the US and the Logic of Great Power Conflict'Derek Yuen has produced a fascinating re-interpretation of Sun Tzu. He casts a wide philosophical-cultural net in his quest to capture the essence of this timeless Chinese classic of strategy.' -- Andrew Scobell, Senior Political Scientist, RAND Corporation and author of China's Use of Military Force: Beyond the Great Wall and the Long March'Derek Yuen's exciting new book takes Sun Tzu studies to a new level. It goes beyond the existing translations of and commentaries on this canonical text to deploy its underlying, unique logic as it evolved through Daoist philosophy to serve as a foundation for developing a more comprehensive theory of strategic thought. It is a bold and profoundly philosophical attempt to rise above the familiar rationalisations of this antique text to register its seminal contribution to the holistic nature of Chinese thinking in its broadest sense.' -- Roger T. Ames, Professor of Philosophy, Center for Chinese Studies, University of Hawaii'Reading Deciphering Sun Tzu: How to Read the Art of War by Derek Yuen is very much a light bulb moment for commentators on Western strategic thought.' -- LSE Review of Books

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Book SynopsisWarrior Geeks examines how technology is transforming the way we think about and fight war, taking three major changes that are driving this process: cybernetic technologies that are folding soldiers into a cybernetic system that will allow the military to read their thoughts and emotions and mould them accordingly; the coexistence of men and robots in the battle-spaces of tomorrow; and the extent to which we may be able to re-engineer warriors through pharmacological manipulation. By referring back to the Greeks who defined the contours of war for us, Coker shows how we are in danger of losing touch with our humanity - the name we give not only to a species but the virtues we deem it to embody. The journey from Greeks to Geeks may be a painful one. War can only be rendered more humane if we stay in touch with the ancestors, yet unfortunately we are planning to subcontract our ethical choices to machines. In revaluing technology, are we devaluing our humanity, or the post-human condition, changing our subjectivity and thus the existential dimension of war by changing our relationship with technology both functionally and performatively?Trade Review'A fascinating historical and philosophical tour of modern warfare. - The chief concern outlined by Coker is that the ingenuity driving military science is spiralling out of control. The 'geeks' are creating technologies - designer drugs, robotics and neural devices - that, ultimately, he feels, will dehumanize us.' * Nature *'This book offers a good exercise for readers who wish to be challenged on their thinking about the nature of warfare - yesterday, today and tomorrow.' * ARMY *'This is a brilliant book about a rather nightmarish topic, i.e., how technology now enables us to become post-humans ... It is not only a very important book but also a deeply disconcerting one.' * The US Army War College Quarterly *'To describe a Coker book as an intellectual tour de force is perhaps the most anodyne observation a reviewer can make; of course it would be, and of course this one is, too. This latest offering is a rich synthesis of ideas and intellectual trajectories drawn from the annals of literature, philosophy, history, and science, and transmitted in a language that speaks as much to pop culture sensibilities as it does to the more esoteric and often impenetrable nooks and crannies of academe.' * Michael Innes, Current Intelligence *'The Age of Martial Robotics is upon us and no one has captured the impending revolution in warfare with its accompanying moral dilemmas more incisively or eloquently than Christopher Coker. Warrior Geeks, his latest work on the subject of posthuman warfare, brilliantly exposes the divide between traditional Western military ethos and the inevitable rise of machine-based combat. An exceptional book.' * Everett Dolman, Professor of Military Strategy, USAF School of Advanced Air and Space Studies *'There are few writers who can do what Christopher Coker has accomplished in Warrior Geeks, which takes the reader on a journey that connects everything from Socrates to Oliver Stone movies to the latest in warfare and digital technologies. His work is always substantive, and sometimes even lyrical.' * Peter Singer, Senior Fellow and Director, 21st Century Defense Initiative, The Brookings Institution, and author of Wired for War: The Robotics Revolution and Conflict in the 21st Century *

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Book SynopsisRebooting Clausewitz offers an entirely new take on the work of history's greatest theorist of war. Written for an undergraduate readership that often struggles with Clausewitz's master work On War--a book that is often considered too philosophical and impenetrably dense--it seeks to unpack some of Clausewitz's key insights on theory and strategy. In three fictional interludes Clausewitz attends a seminar at West Point; debates the War on Terror at a Washington think tank; and visits a Robotics Institute in Santa Fe where he discusses how scientists are reshaping the future of war. Three separate essays situate Clausewitz in the context of his times, discuss his understanding of the culture of war, and the extent to which two other giants--Thucydides and Sun Tzu--complement his work. Some years ago the philosopher W.B. Gallie argued that Clausewitz needed to be 'saved from the Clausewitzians'. Clausewitz doesn't need saving and his commentators have contributed a great deal to our understanding of On War's seminal status as a text. But too often they tend to conduct a conversation between themselves. This book is an attempt to let a wider audience into the conversation.Trade Review'Christopher Coker answers the question of Clausewitz's relevance to the twenty-first Century by imagining the great master justifying his theories to modern audiences. His approach is engaging, illuminating and a bit mischievous. * Sir Lawrence Freedman, Emeritus Professor of War Studies, King's College London, author of Strategy: A History *'Is Clausewitz still relevant for the twenty first century? In this bravura and scintillatingly written study, Christopher Coker argues for a powerful yes. Mixing acute analysis and thought provoking imagined dialogues and fictional recreations of Clausewitz's discussion with his friends, Coker has produced a gem of a book, illuminating brilliantly for the twenty first century the originality and genius of both Clausewitz and On War.' * Nicholas Rengger, Professor of Political Theory and International Relations, University of St Andrews *'An evocative and entertaining excursion that reveals not only what Coker thinks about Clausewitz, but also what he thinks about several of the leading institutions that help shape strategic thinking in the US and UK today.' * Antulio J. Echevarria II, Elihu Root Chair of Military Studies, US Army War College *'Arguing about Clausewitz remains a vital exercise in thinking about conflict. Coker's study will help students grasp his main concepts, and to argue afresh over the Prussian's ideas, life and legacy, and the conflicting ways to interpret his work. Clausewitz's mind was restless and argumentative, and Coker imagines him intervening in the debates of our time. Coker, like Bassford, Herberg-Rothe, Paret and Strachan helps bring Clausewitz back from stale doctrinal arguments, as a source of wisdom in times of war.' * Patrick Porter, Professor of Strategic Studies, University of Exeter, and author of The Global Village Myth: Distance, War and the Limits of Power *

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Book SynopsisUntil the introduction of camouflage uniforms, "The King's Coat" dominated the appearance of Western armies. Originally designed for economic reasons, uniforms in the Baroque era served to erase a soldier's individuality in favour of a regimental esprit de corps. Uniforms distinguished soldiers from civilians, and served ceremonial functions at court by representing the absolute power of princes. However, pre-modern manufacturing practices from the limited capacities to dye fabrics uniformly to the individual workmanship of different tailors undermined this ideal of a uniform military appearance just as swiftly as the demands of a campaign, in which uniforms wore out and had to be supplemented by a variety of different garments. This book attempts to explore the history of the military uniform from its origins to the present day. The thematic approach comprises various aspects of military costume, examining materials, function, limits as well as the deliberate modification of uniformity. Topics also include the symbolic character of the uniform, its own assertive potential, and the influence of contemporary fashion. It is a cultural history of military costume which seeks to go beyond the boundaries of fashion alone.

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Book SynopsisCommon and destructive, limited wars are significant international events that pose a number of challenges to the states involved beyond simple victory or defeat. This book investigates a crucial and heretofore ignored factor in determining the nature and direction of limited war: information institutions.Trade Review"Bakich addresses an important puzzle-the sources of mixed strategic success in US experience with limited wars since World War II-by advancing a novel argument concerning the role of 'information institutions.' Success and Failure in Limited War provides a very useful framework that both complements the mountain of historical and decision-making literature on the Korean and Vietnam conflicts, as well as integrates emerging insights from many insiders regarding contemporary decision-making in the two Iraq wars." (Adam N. Stulberg, Georgia Institute of Technology)"

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Book SynopsisCommon and destructive, limited wars are significant international events that pose a number of challenges to the states involved beyond simple victory or defeat. This book investigates a crucial and heretofore ignored factor in determining the nature and direction of limited war: information institutions.Trade Review"Bakich addresses an important puzzle-the sources of mixed strategic success in US experience with limited wars since World War II-by advancing a novel argument concerning the role of 'information institutions.' Success and Failure in Limited War provides a very useful framework that both complements the mountain of historical and decision-making literature on the Korean and Vietnam conflicts, as well as integrates emerging insights from many insiders regarding contemporary decision-making in the two Iraq wars." (Adam N. Stulberg, Georgia Institute of Technology)"

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Book SynopsisPresents an approach to combat that emphasizes constant adaptation and learning, importance of decentralized decision making, the need to understand local politics and customs, and the role of intelligence in winning the support of the population. This manual emphasizes the paradoxical and counterintuitive nature of counterinsurgency operations.Trade Review"This is the definitive guide as to how the U.S. military plans to address what is likely to be the dominant form of warfare over the next decade." - Andrew Krepinevich, author of The Army and Vietnam "Surely a manual that's on the bedside table of the president, vice president, secretary of defense, 21 of 25 members of the Senate Armed Services Committee and many others deserves a place at your bedside too." - Lt. General David H. Petraeus"

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Book SynopsisThis volume considers the various groups that make up total defence forces: the military, reservists, civil defence servants, and contractors working for private military and security companies. It offers an essential analysis of civilian-military personnel integration and collaboration toward defence goals in the twenty-first century.Trade Review“This volume tackles a highly topical theme: analyzing change dynamics in the organization of defence establishments. Recent international events underscore the need to understand how warfare has changed and to unpack the implications for the operations of military forces and the organization of national defence.” Jozef Bátora, co-author of Fringe Players and the Diplomatic Order: The 'New' Heteronomy“Total Defence Forces in the Twenty-First Century provides a very rich analysis of the changed landscape of the wider defence sector and will prove a gold mine for much future research.” Andrea Ellner, co-editor of When Soldiers Say No: Selective Conscientious Objection in the Modern Military

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Book SynopsisThis volume considers the various groups that make up total defence forces: the military, reservists, civil defence servants, and contractors working for private military and security companies. It offers an essential analysis of civilian-military personnel integration and collaboration toward defence goals in the twenty-first century.Trade Review“This volume tackles a highly topical theme: analyzing change dynamics in the organization of defence establishments. Recent international events underscore the need to understand how warfare has changed and to unpack the implications for the operations of military forces and the organization of national defence.” Jozef Bátora, co-author of Fringe Players and the Diplomatic Order: The 'New' Heteronomy“Total Defence Forces in the Twenty-First Century provides a very rich analysis of the changed landscape of the wider defence sector and will prove a gold mine for much future research.” Andrea Ellner, co-editor of When Soldiers Say No: Selective Conscientious Objection in the Modern Military

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Book SynopsisTrade ReviewMair provides insight on how this manual came to exist. Indianapolis Star Lean, clear, all fustian removed. -- Donald Richie Japan Times Mair's excellent new translation of Sunzi's (Sun Tzu) Art of War... brings a new, and extremely useful perspective to the text. -- Peter Lorge Journal of Military HistoryTable of ContentsForeward by Arthur Waldron Preface Principles of Translation Guide to Pronunciation Key Terms List of Abbreviations Precis Introduction Chapter 1. Initial Assessments Chapter 2. Doing Battle Chapter 3. Planning for the Attack Chapter 4. Positioning Chapter 5. Configuration Chapter 6. Emptiness and Solidity Chapter 7. The Struggle of Armies Chapter 8. Nine Varieties Chapter 9. Marching the Army Chapter 10. Terrain Types Chapter 11. Nine Types of Terrain Chapter 12. Incendiary Attack Chapter 13. Using Spies Appendix. The Pseudo-Biography of Sun Wu Notes Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisTrade ReviewA superb contribution to the field, this book is the first full-scale attempt to link feminist theory with the established, mainstream work on war as an empirical puzzle to be solved. -- Patrick James, Center for International Studies, University of Southern California With formidable prowess, Sjoberg engages tools from realist, liberal, constructivist, poststructuralist, and postcolonial perspectives to advance a systematic, feminist theorization of war. This stunning achievement warrants attention by all who seek to improve our understanding and alter our practices of war. -- V. Spike Peterson, University of Arizona In this definitive work, Laura Sjoberg makes an incontrovertible case that feminist security studies is neither superfluous nor an oxymoron. Through her extensive command of the vast war studies literature and decades of feminist international relations scholarship, she powerfully and effectively argues that security studies, from realist to critical, fail to explain why and how states go to war without feminist theories. Exhaustively detailing how feminist perspectives and research significantly account for the propensities for, the conduct of, and lived experiences in war, she demonstrates feminism not only can but also must 'occupy' security studies for both better and transformative understandings of war. -- Anne Sisson Runyan, Charles Phelps Taft Research Center, University of Cincinnati Gendering Global Conflict is a monumental work that deserves to be widely read... The work is exhaustively researched and footnoted, with an extensive literature review of current approaches to studying gender in conflict... Highly recommended. Choice Thoughtful and insightful... Well-written and accessible... Laura Sjoberg offers a convincing account as to why gender should be taken seriously when we consider both the causes and the impacts of war, whilst managing to speak to a mainstream, as well as feminist, security audience. Gender and Development Laura Sjoberg's book, Gendering Global Conflict, is extremely relevant. Through a systematic and well-argued critique, she shows how deeply embedded masculinity is in mainstream studies of war... best suited for students at the graduate level. Politics & GenderTable of ContentsAcknowledgments Introduction 1. The (Genderless) Study of War in International Relations 2. Gender Lenses Look at War(s) 3. Anarchy 4. Relations International and War(s) 5. Gender 6. People 7. Gendered Strategy 8. Gendered Tactics 9. Living Gendered War(s) Conclusion: (A) Feminist Theory/ies of War(s) Notes Index

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Book SynopsisTrade ReviewA superb contribution to the field, this book is the first full-scale attempt to link feminist theory with the established, mainstream work on war as an empirical puzzle to be solved. -- Patrick James, Center for International Studies, University of Southern California With formidable prowess, Sjoberg engages tools from realist, liberal, constructivist, poststructuralist, and postcolonial perspectives to advance a systematic, feminist theorization of war. This stunning achievement warrants attention by all who seek to improve our understanding and alter our practices of war. -- V. Spike Peterson, University of Arizona In this definitive work, Laura Sjoberg makes an incontrovertible case that feminist security studies is neither superfluous nor an oxymoron. Through her extensive command of the vast war studies literature and decades of feminist international relations scholarship, she powerfully and effectively argues that security studies, from realist to critical, fail to explain why and how states go to war without feminist theories. Exhaustively detailing how feminist perspectives and research significantly account for the propensities for, the conduct of, and lived experiences in war, she demonstrates feminism not only can but also must 'occupy' security studies for both better and transformative understandings of war. -- Anne Sisson Runyan, Charles Phelps Taft Research Center, University of Cincinnati Gendering Global Conflict is a monumental work that deserves to be widely read... The work is exhaustively researched and footnoted, with an extensive literature review of current approaches to studying gender in conflict... Highly recommended. Choice Thoughtful and insightful... Well-written and accessible... Laura Sjoberg offers a convincing account as to why gender should be taken seriously when we consider both the causes and the impacts of war, whilst managing to speak to a mainstream, as well as feminist, security audience. Gender and Development Laura Sjoberg's book, Gendering Global Conflict, is extremely relevant. Through a systematic and well-argued critique, she shows how deeply embedded masculinity is in mainstream studies of war... best suited for students at the graduate level. Politics & GenderTable of ContentsAcknowledgments Introduction 1. The (Genderless) Study of War in International Relations 2. Gender Lenses Look at War(s) 3. Anarchy 4. Relations International and War(s) 5. Gender 6. People 7. Gendered Strategy 8. Gendered Tactics 9. Living Gendered War(s) Conclusion: (A) Feminist Theory/ies of War(s) Notes Index

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Book SynopsisIn Conspiring with the Enemy, Yvonne Chiu offers a new understanding of why and how enemies work together to constrain violence in warfare. Chiu argues that what she calls an ethic of cooperation is found in modern warfare to such an extent that it is often taken for granted.Trade ReviewYvonne Chiu has written an original and important book. Conspiring with the Enemy's argument is strong throughout; the writing is clear and often elegant, and the historical references, illustrations, and examples make the book engaging as well as educational. Who ever heard of such a thing as cooperation between enemies in war? Henceforth no one will ask that question. -- Michael Walzer, author of Just and Unjust Wars: A Moral Argument with Historical IllustrationsWar is the fiercest form of human competition, yet it often involves cooperation among adversaries, even as they try to slaughter one other. Drawing on an impressive survey of military history—ancient and modern, Eastern and Western—Yvonne Chiu distinguishes among numerous forms of cooperation in war and even identifies an “ethic of cooperation” of which she finds manifestations throughout the history of warfare. Many of the instances she recounts are moving and inspiring, and the book as a whole offers grounds for optimism about the future of warfare. -- Jeff McMahan, University of OxfordChiu shows that the ethic of cooperation in warfare is a major normative feature of war-fighting, today as well as in the distant past. Other writers on just war theory sometimes drop hints of this, but the great accomplishment of this book is to bring the ethic of cooperation out of the shadows and reveal it as something absolutely central to warfare ethics. Chiu’s scholarship is impressively wide-ranging, and she has a tremendous eye for the telling anecdote, historical episode, and quotation. -- David Luban, Georgetown UniversityConspiring with the Enemy is oriented around the question of cooperation in war and whether it is possible to have a degree of ethics in war. The author assembles her writing in a compelling and clear way. -- Sarah Kreps, author of Taxing Wars: The American Way of War and Finance and the Decline of DemocracyChiu’s book has much to commend it to the reader....This volume is a very helpful addition to the literature of ethics and war. * Journal of Military Ethics *A book full of insight and provocation. * Foreign Affairs *Chiu's book provides an insightful and original argument supported by robust historical illustrations. Particularly valuable is that it restructures and shines new light on topics we might have thought we had already examined and understood while providing a decidedly new framework for re-examining them. * Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews *Buttressed by impressive scholarship, this readable study is highly recommended. * Choice *This compelling and wide-ranging account....should change the way we think about the morality—and practice—of war. * International Affairs *Table of ContentsPrefaceAcknowledgments1. The Horrors of War and the Nature of Cooperation2. Cooperation for a Fair Fight3. Cooperation to Minimize Damage to Particular Classes of People4. Cooperation to End War Quickly5. The Limits of Ethics of Cooperation in Warfare6. Cooperative Ethics, Just War Theory, and the Structure of Modern Warfare7. Abdication of Judgment, Noncooperative Fights, and the Meaning of WarNotesReferencesIndex

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Book SynopsisIn this landmark work of international relations theory, first published in 1959, the eminent realist scholar Kenneth N. Waltz offers a foundational analysis of the nature of conflict between states.Table of ContentsForeword to the 2018 Anniversary Edition, by Stephen M. WaltPreface to the 2001 EditionPreface to the 1959 Edition1. Introduction2. The First Image: International Conflict and Human Behavior3. Some Implications of the First Image: The Behavioral Sciences and the Reduction of Interstate Violence4. The Second Image: International Conflict and the Internal Structure of States5. Some Implications of the Second Image: International Socialism and the Coming of the First World War6. The Third Image: International Conflict and International Anarchy7. Some Implications of the Third Image: Examples from Economics, Politics, and History8. ConclusionBibliographyIndex

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Book SynopsisJ. David Singer's Correlates of War project represented the first comprehensive effort by political scientists to gather and analyse empirical data about the causes of war. Paul F. Diehl has convened some of the world's foremost international conflict analysis specialists to reassess COW's contribution to our understanding of global conflict.

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Book SynopsisHow do people decide which country came out ahead in a war or a crisis? In Failing to Win, Dominic Johnson and Dominic Tierney dissect the psychological factors that predispose leaders, media, and the public to perceive outcomes as victories or defeats--often creating wide gaps between perceptions and reality.Trade ReviewThis is one of those books that leads the reader to ask why it had not been done before. I am amazed that both academics and members of the interested public had generally assumed that in most cases it was self-evident who had won or lost an encounter. The authors show that this is simply not the case, and in doing so have put this important question on our agenda. -- Robert Jervis, Adlai E. Stevenson Professor of International Politics, Columbia University

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Book SynopsisDiscarding tidy abstractions about the conduct of war, Aaron Sheehan-Dean shows that the notoriously bloody US Civil War could have been much worse. Despite agonizing debates over Just War and careful differentiation among victims, Americans could not avoid living with the contradictions inherent in a conflict that was both violent and restrained.Trade ReviewAssessing the potential for the escalation of violence in the course of the war, Sheehan-Dean concludes that at many junctures both North and South ‘chose restraint’; he rejects the widespread argument that the conflict evolved from limited to total war… For Sheehan-Dean, exceptions to this pattern prove the rule and illustrate his contention that the conflict ‘could have been much worse.’ -- Drew Gilpin Faust * Wall Street Journal *Sheehan-Dean has written a remarkable book, with a fresh take on how the Civil War was fought, why it was fought the way it was fought, and how, theoretically, it could have become a much more violent conflict than it was, had each side not been bent on presenting themselves as taking the moral high ground in an effort to curtail any great escalation in violence. -- Michael Pierce * Midwest Rewind *Perhaps the best thing this reviewer has read about the Civil War in ages. An expertly researched and written history, it examines the dark side of the American Civil War, namely war against civilians, partisan/guerrilla war, and the nasty issues that developed about prisoners of war on both sides. * Choice *Sweeping and yet also delicately measured, this book promises to resolve longstanding debates about the nature of the Civil War. With its publication, we should be able to put aside old debates about total war or hard war and instead seek to understand the forces that produced a war that could at once seem hard and soft, unbridled and constrained. A work of deep intellectual seriousness. -- Gregory P. Downs, author of After Appomattox: Military Occupation and the Ends of WarThe Calculus of Violence is the rare work that compels us to reconsider the Civil War by embracing the history of the conflict in all its complexity. -- Wayne Hsieh, coauthor of A Savage War: A Military History of the Civil WarConfronting some of the most persistent and contentious arguments over the American Civil War, Aaron Sheehan-Dean offers a remarkable breadth of vision and depth of humanity. His unflinching account separates myth from truth, hyperbole from honesty. It is a brave, welcome, and necessary book. -- Edward L. Ayers, author of The Thin Light of Freedom: The Civil War and Emancipation in the Heart of America

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Book SynopsisExplores whether advances in technology, from the railroad and the airplane to the nuclear weapon and the computer, have altered both the critical relationship between logistics and warfare and, ultimately, geopolitical dynamics.Trade ReviewJobie Turner's findings - developed through five concise case studies that span two centuries - will be valuable to historians and military professionals alike. Thoughtful and thought-provoking, Feeding Victory: Innovative Military Logistics from Lake George to Khe Sanh deserves a place next to Martin Van Creveld's Supplying War." - Kevin C. Holzimmer, author of General Walter Krueger: Unsung Hero of the Pacific War"An innovative approach to the subject. While each case study in itself can be regarded separately, taken all together Turner shows the eternal challenges that logistics poses for the conduct of war in any age." - Richard L. DiNardo, author of Mechanized Juggernaut or Military Anachronism? Horses and the German Army of World War II"There are practicing military logisticians, and there are scholars who study military logistics. Only rarely does one find a military professional (in this case a US Air Force mobility commander) who is also a first-rate historian of the art and science of supplying combat forces in war and the ramifications for past, present, and future strategy. This is a unique work that deserves the widest audience." - Richard R. Muller, professor of history, US Air Force School of Advanced Air and Space Studies"Feeding Victory is a welcome and thoughtful addition to the understanding and importance of military logistics. No other available book accomplishes what Colonel Turner achieves through his careful and insightful attention to the importance of military logistics from the French and Indian Wars to Vietnam, to what has changed, and to what remains the same." - Vice Admiral (ret.) Mark Harnitchek, former director of the Defense Logistics Agency and former vice commander of US Transportation Command"Feeding Victory: Innovative Logistics from Lake George to Khe Sanh, Jobie Turner cogently argues what most other historians merely assert: that those military forces better supplied and fed win. Blending different sources and perspectives across centuries, Feeding Victory explores the means and manners by which armies have achieved this paramount advantage and gives renewed meaning to the oft-ignored truism that amateurs study strategy but professionals study logistics. The chapter on Guadalcanal alone is worth the book's price." - Thomas Alexander Hughes, author of Admiral Bill Halsey: A Naval Life and Over Lord: General Pete Quesada and the Triumph of Tactical Air Power in World War II

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Book SynopsisWars throughout history have been fought in the name of ideology, religion and the pursuit of peace. Our thinking about war - when it is justified, how it should be fought and how it is perceived - has changed dramatically over time.Table of ContentsPreface vii 1 The Risk Society at War 1 2 Complexity and War 28 3 War in an Age of Risk 62 4 Consequence Management 103 5 The Geopolitics of Risk Management 131 6 The Risk Age and its Discontents 173 Bibliography 185 Index 199

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Book SynopsisWhat does it mean to be secure? In the global news, we hear stories daily about the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, about domestic-level conflicts around the world, about the challenges of cybersecurity and social security.Trade ReviewWinner of the Choice award for Outstanding Academic Title "Through a vast review of the security literature, Detraz makes an excellent case for the greater understanding and incorporation of gender in security studies."—LSE Review of Books "An essential read for every IR and feminist scholar and student seeking deeper understandings of current events in the field."—Central European Journal of International and Security Studies "Should be a key text for students of security studies. It is also a powerful introduction for gender scholars to understand how security discourses not only use, but also create, particular constructions of gender."—Feminist & Women's Studies Association Blog "International Security and Gender is a complex and critical overview of the field of gender and security, which familiarizes readers with the field in a fair and even-handed manner and provides forward-looking challenges to the field's research agendas."—Laura Sjoberg, University of Florida "Nicole Detraz's book presents a comprehensive and well-written introduction to what it means to approach international security through gendered lenses. A highly valuable contribution to the current security debate, it shows persuasively the central place of gender. Convincingly, it argues that security studies miss something crucial when gender remains invisible in debates on militarization, peacebuilding, terrorism, as well as human, environmental, and climate security. It urges students to enlarge the scope of security and question key concepts, while also suggesting ways toward change and emancipation."—Annica Kronsell, Lund University "In an essential contribution to the growing field of feminist security studies, Detraz shows impeccably how asking feminist questions about a range of security issues leads us to understand the gendered aspects of vulnerabilities and threats, ultimately helping to formulate reflexive, rather than simplistic, policies to bring about human emancipation."—Catia Cecilia Confortini, Wellesley CollegeTable of ContentsAcknowledgments vi 1 Understanding Gender in Security Debates 1 2 Gendered Militarization and Militarism 24 3 Gender in Peacekeeping and Peacebuilding 64 4 A Gendered Understanding of Terrorism 94 5 Human Security and Gender 131 6 Gender, Security, and Environment 165 Conclusion: Th e Contributions of Gender Lenses to Security 198 References 212 Index 241

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Book SynopsisBarry R. Posen explores how military doctrine takes shape and the role it plays in grand strategy-that collection of military, economic, and political means and ends with which a state attempts to achieve security. Posen isolates three crucial elements of a given strategic doctrine: its offensive, defensive, or deterrent characteristics, its integration of military resources with political aims, and the degree of military or operational innovation it contains. He then examines these components of doctrine from the perspectives of organization theory and balance of power theory, taking into account the influence of technology and geography.Looking at interwar France, Britain, and Germany, Posen challenges each theory to explain the German Blitzkrieg, the British air defense system, and the French Army''s defensive doctrine often associated with the Maginot Line. This rigorous comparative study, in which the balance of power theory emerges as the more useful, not only allows usTrade ReviewThis is a scholarly and conceptually ambitious work which seeks to explain how military doctrine takes place and its role in 'grand strategy.' The core of the study examines military doctrines in the interwar period, discussing the German blitzkrieg and British air defense system as successes, and the French army's Maginot Line doctrine as a great failure. Posen develops many intriguing ideas and theoretical insights, and debates those of his academic peers, in a rich volume that has to be studied as well as read. * Foreign Affairs *Table of ContentsPreface1. The Importance of Military Doctrine2. Explaining Military Doctrine3. The Battles of 19404. France5. Britain6. Germany7. ConclusionsNotesSelected BibliographyIndex

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Book SynopsisOn Flexibility presents a force planning concept that will enable armies to cope with the growing diversity of battlefield requirements, and especially with technological and doctrinal surprises, through applied adaptability and flexibility, minimizing the over dependence on intelligence and prediction involved in this process today.Trade Review"This book combines solid history and an innovative analytical structure. It begins to fill in a serious hole in our understanding of flexibility or what could better be called 'adaptation under fire.' It is strongly recommended for senior military leaders and students of military innovation and force planning. In the future, surprise will continue to characterize the character of modern warfare, and the need to be flexible will be at a premium. On Flexibility provides great insights on flexibility and will prove to be an enduring contribution to our understanding of military history and to enhancing our ability to adapt when we hopefully do not get things too terribly wrong." -- Frank Hoffman"A highly original work, dealing with an important and little-explored subject." -- Martin van Creveld"This is an outstanding work. Inculcating adaptability, flexibility, and responsiveness to surprise is the chief preoccupation of the major armies of the world. Doctrine writers, practitioners, scholars, and policy-makers concerned with the effectiveness of military force should read this book." -- David Betz, Department of War Studies * King's College London *"Originally published in Israel in 2007, this thoughtful work by Col. Finkel (IDF) looks at how modern military forces have coped with surprise in terms of innovative technologies, techniques, or tactics." -- A. A. Nofi * StrategyPage.com *"[A] thoroughly researched and objective work of events impacting America's military affairs and security policies." -- Parameters

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Book SynopsisContending that conflict is inevitable when an established power does not make sufficient room for a rising power, some conclude that the United States and China are on a collision course. In this timely new work, renowned professor of international relations Amitai Etzioni points to the paths by which the two nations can avoid war.Trade ReviewDrawing on his encyclopedic knowledge of the history and current state of U.S.-China relations, Etzioni sorts out the many myths and common misconceptions and contrasts them with reality. His book outlines the truly essential issues concerning competition and cooperation between the two countries. His proposal for realistic ways to construct a more peaceful relationship is poised to inspire important debates over U.S.-Asia policy.- Ho-fung Hung, Johns Hopkins University, author of The China Boom: Why China Will Not Rule the World;""Etzioni has written a brilliant little book that meticulously examines the issues between the United States and China and the interests and emotions that bear on them. There is no better way to get up to speed on the increasingly tense relations between Washington and Beijing than to read Avoiding War with China.""- Ambassador Chas W. Freeman Jr., former Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs;""If the United States and China ever go to war, everybody on this earth stands to lose. And if the United States and China are friends, the entire world stands to gain. Indeed, things that make the United States and China interdependent in this world are much more and far greater than things that divide the two. In this book, Etzioni clearly points out that in this globalized world, relationships between great powers should adopt geoeconomic principles, which often result in a win-win situation, and should shy away from geopolitical considerations, which are always zero-sum games.""- Patrick C. P. Ho, Deputy Chairman and Secretary General of the China Energy Fund Committee;""In a short book pointedly titled Avoiding War with China, Amitai Etzioni has a more concrete idea of how China should be accommodated. Etzioni, a professor at George Washington University, is no softie. Having escaped from Nazi Germany as a child, he served as a commando in the Arab-Israeli war of 1948. Etzioni knows what war is like, in contrast to most armchair warriors in Washington or indeed Beijing.... [E]minently sensible.""- The New Yorker;""In Avoiding War With China, Amitai Etzioni says that even optimists give the U.S. and China only a one-in-four chance of peace. He thinks those odds can be improved.""- The Daily Beast;""Prepare for back-to-school political debates: Avoiding War with China – Amitai Etzioni. Without classes, club meetings and homework assignments taking up your time, summer is the perfect opportunity to catch up on current events around the world, and Avoiding War with China will help you do just that. From the first chapter, readers will begin to learn everything about the U.S. relationship with China and why Etzioni thinks that war between the two countries could be coming sooner than we think.""- The GW Hatchet;""Anyone considering how the United States and China might avoid a devastating war will want to read this timely book. Stimulating and engaging, this elegant work not only offers a fresh look at these two nation's multifaceted relationship, but dissects major issues with precision. This is a must read for today's national debate on America’s China policy.""- Chunjuan Nancy Wei, University of Bridgeport;""The originality of this work is that it addresses numerous policy recommendations to the United States, instead of to China, as is the case with the vast majority of publications, in order to ensure what is called a peaceful ‘transition of power’ between Washington and Peking, while not jeopardizing the fundamental interests of the United States in East Asia.""- Phébé (published by Le Point);""[A]n important contribution to the burgeoning literature on the future of Sino?U.S. relations.... Etzioni's call for a 'vigorous, comprehensive public debate about U.S.?China policy' that can avoid 'a drift to war without compromising any of the core interests of the United States and its allies' is a valuable counterweight to the structural pessimism that infuses much of academic and public discussions of the future of Sino?U.S. relations today.""- Political Science Quarterly

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Book SynopsisTo avoid war, one must first understand its causes. Written by two highly regarded scholars - both former Presidents of the International Studies Association - this text provides a comprehensive analysis of the leading theories of both interstate and civil war, along with a discussion of the changing nature of war over time.Trade Review"Along the way are examples from recent history that may surprise the reader. At the very least, every member of Congress and the State Department should study this report." (Book News Inc, November 2010) Table of ContentsAcknowledgments vi 1. Introduction to the Study of War 1 2. System-Level Theories 28 3. The Dyadic Interactions of States 55 4. The State and Societal Level 83 5. Decision-Making: The Individual Level 128 6. Decision-Making: The Organizational Level 162 7. Civil War 186 8. Conclusion: Refl ections on Levels, Causes, and War 205 References 224 Index 265

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Book SynopsisExamines the recent rise in the United States' use of preventive forceMore so than in the past, the US is now embracing the logic of preventive force: using military force to counter potential threats around the globe before they have fully materialized. While popular with individuals who seek to avoid too many boots on the ground, preventive force is controversial because of its potential for unnecessary collateral damage. Who decides what threats are imminent'? Is there an international legal basis to kill or harm individuals who have a connection to that threat? Do the benefits of preventive force justify the costs? And, perhaps most importantly, is the US setting a dangerous international precedent? In Preventive Force, editors Kerstin Fisk and Jennifer Ramos bring together legal scholars, political scientists, international relations scholars, and prominent defense specialists to examine these questions, whether in the context of full-scale preventive war or preventive drone strikTrade ReviewFew security issues have prompted as much political, legal, or ethical debate as the use of drones. This timely volume should be a go-to guide for the academics and policymakers who want to make sense of this important topic. -- Sarah Kreps,author of Drones: What Everyone Needs to KnowIn uncertain and frightening times it is tempting to think that an ounce of preventiontargeted killing, drone strikeswill be the cure. And drones make preventive strikes easier than ever. Yet the hardest thing in this context is to know whether and when preventive uses of force might be justified and whether the strikes provide a cure or make us less safe. With clear and insightful essays, Preventive Force challenges us to think more carefully about the justice, wisdom, and utility of preventive drone strikes. These essays should be at the top of any reading list for informed citizens, and members of the military, CIA, National Security Council and Congress. -- Neta C. Crawford, author of Accountability for Killing: Moral Responsibility for Collateral Damage in America's Post-9/11 Wars

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Book SynopsisArmies fight battles, states fight wars. To focus solely on armies is to neglect the broader story of victory and defeat. Military power stems from an economic base, and without wealth, soldiers cannot be paid, weapons cannot be procured, and food cannot be bought. War finance is among the most consequential decisions any state makes: how a state finances a war affects not only its success on the battlefield but also its economic stability and its leadership tenure. In How States Pay for Wars, Rosella Cappella Zielinski clarifies several critical dynamics lying at the nexus of financial and military policy.Cappella Zielinski has built a custom database on war funding over the past two centuries, and she combines those data with qualitative analyses of Truman''s financing of the Korean War, Johnson's financing of the Vietnam War, British financing of World War II and the Crimean War, and Russian and Japanese financing of the Russo-Japanese War. She argues that leaders whTrade ReviewA promising first book... that addresses a significant gap in the market and should find its way onto reading lists for advanced undergraduate and graduate students. -- Mark Harrison * Governance *Table of ContentsIntroduction: Making Money, Making War 1. How States Pay for Wars 2. Truman and the Korean War 3. Johnson and the Vietnam War 4. Britain and Currency Reserves during World War II and the Crimean War 5. Taxation and Currency Reserves during the Russo-Japanese War 6. Confronting the Costs of War, 1823–2003 Conclusion: Long War Finance in Perspective

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Book SynopsisTroubled Waters looks at four dynamics in the Persian Gulf that have contributed to making the region one of the most volatile and tension-filled spots in the world. Mehran Kamrava identifies the four dynamics as: the neglect of human dimensions of security, the inherent instability involved in reliance on the United States and the exclusion of Iraq and Iran, the international and security policies pursued by inside and outside actors, and a suite of overlapping security dilemmas. These four factors combine and interact to generate long-term volatility and ongoing tensions within the Persian Gulf.Through insights from Kamrava's interviews with Gulf elites into policy decisions, the consequences of security dilemmas, the priorities of local players, and the neglect of identity and religion, Troubled Waters examines the root causes of conflicts and crises that are currently unfolding in the region. As Kamrava demonstrates, each state in the region, including SaudiTrade ReviewA succinct and accessible, yet nuanced and conceptually sophisticated, guide to the fundamental dynamics that shape inter-state security relations in the contemporary Gulf.... No other survey of Gulf affairs gives readers a more cogent and insightful foundation for understanding current trends in this part of the world. * The Key Reporter *Troubled Waters brings together Kamrava’s expertise in international relations in the Middle East with insights gained from interviews with Gulf elites to offer a new understanding of developments in the region. * Gulf Times *Thoughtful and written with some emotion and lament from a scholar deeply connected to the region.... One of the strengths of the book is its ability to synthesize theoretically from critical security studies to traditional understandings or realist conceptions of security threats. * Middle East Journal *Kamrava adds value... by presenting new material to analyse the ongoing Persian Gulf security environment. His interviews with regional policy-makers at the ministerial level as well as with Gulf academics provide invaluable regional perspectives. Anyone doing fieldwork in the Gulf can attest that this is no easy achievement. * international affairs *Table of ContentsIntroduction 1. The Trouble with the Persian Gulf 2. The Persian Gulf Security Architecture 3. The Belligerents 4. The Intractable Security Dilemma 5. Insecurity in the Persian Gulf

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Book SynopsisMachiavelli on War offers a comprehensive interpretation of the philosopher-historian''s treatment of war throughout his writings, from poems and memoranda drafted while he was Florence''s top official for military matters to his posthumous works, The Prince and Discourses on Livy. Christopher Lynch argues that the issue of war permeates the form and content of each of Machiavelli''s works, the substance of his thoughts, and his own activity as a writer, concluding that he was the first great modern philosopher because he was the first modern philosopher of war.Lynch details Machiavelli''s understanding of warfare in terms of both actual armed conflict and at the intellectual level of thinkers competing on the field of knowledge and belief. Throughout Machiavelli''s works, he focuses on how military commanders'' knowledge of human necessities, beginning with their own, enables and requires them to mold soldiers, o

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Book SynopsisThe idea that war is sometimes justified is deeply embedded in public consciousness. But it is only credible so long as we believe that the ethical standards of just war are in fact realizable in practice. In this engaging book, Christopher Finlay elucidates the assumptions underlying just war theory and defends them from a range of objections, arguing that it is a regrettable but necessary reflection of the moral realities of international politics. Using a range of historical and contemporary examples, he demonstrates the necessity of employing the theory on the basis of careful moral appraisal of real-life political landscapes and striking a balance between theoretical ideals and the practical realities of conflict. This book will be a crucial guide to the complexities of just war theory for all students and scholars of the ethics and political theory of war.Trade Review"It has become common to criticise just war theory (and just war theorists) for being overly abstract, and thus for offering little practical guidance to citizens, politicians, and combatants. That is not a criticism one can level at Finlay's book. On the contrary, his rich and illuminating account of the conditions under which war is just - or at least less unjust than not fighting at all, or fighting without restraint - is anchored in a nuanced and sensitive awareness of the moral and political realities of warfare."—Cecile Fabre, All Souls College, Oxford "This book is an excellent primer on contemporary just war debates. Well written, cogently explained and up-to-date, its argument is compelling and it will be a must read for all students of just war theory."—Alex Bellamy, The University of QueenslandTable of ContentsTable of Contents Preface Chapter 1: Ideas and Ideals of the Just War Chapter 2: The Just War Creed Chapter 3: ‘Just cause’ and the possibility of jus ad bellum Chapter 4: Fighting Just Wars: Balancing Ends and Means Chapter 5: Conclusion: Just Wars, Ideal and Non-Ideal References Notes

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Book SynopsisThis book explores the relationship between the state and war within the context of seismic technological change. As we experience a fourth industrial revolution, technology already exerts a huge impact on the character of war and military strategies in the form of drones and other types of ‘remote’ warfare. However, technological developments are not confined to the defence sector, and the diffusion of military technology inevitably also affects the wider economy and society. This book investigates these possible developments and speculates on their ramifications for the future. Through its analysis, the book questions what will happen to war and the state and whether we will reach a point where war leads to the unmaking of the state itself.Table of Contents1. Introduction: Purpose and Scope 2. Technological Determinism and Debates about State Formation in Early Modern Europe 3. The Industrial Revolution and the Rise of Modern War 4. The Nuclear Revolution and the Rise of Postmodern War 5. The Western Military Vision of Future War 6. Testing Western Military Thinking about the Future of War: Russia's War in Ukraine 7. Conclusion: Assessing the Impact of the Fourth Industrial Revolution on the Future of War and the State

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Book SynopsisThe decision to mount an armed foreign intervention is one of the most consequential that a US president can take. This book sets out to explain why and when presidents choose to use force. The book examines decisions to use force throughout the post-Cold War period, via flashpoints including the Balkans, the ‘War on Terror’ and the Middle East. It develops new explanations for variation in the use of force in US foreign policy by theorizing and demonstrating the effects of the displacement and repression of ideas within and across different US presidential administrations, from George H.W. Bush to Donald Trump. For students, scholars and anyone with an interest in international relations and global security, this book is an original perspective on a defining issue of recent decades.Table of ContentsPart 1: Disaggregating Ideas in American Foreign Policy 1. Ideas and the Use of Force in American Foreign Policy Part 2: US Foreign Policy and Mass Atrocities in the Balkans 2. ‘We Don’t Have a Dog in the Fight’: Ethnic Cleansing in Bosnia 3. ‘What Should I Tell My Daughter?’: The Massacre at Srebrenica Part 3: US Foreign Policy and Terrorism 4. ‘Wag the Dog’: Terrorism in the 1990s 5. ‘America Is Under Attack’: From the War on Terror to Iraq Part 4: Obama and Mass Atrocities in the Middle East 6. ‘This Is Like Rwanda’: How the Road to Libya Ran Through Rwanda 7. Syria: ‘There Was No Benghazi To Be Saved’ Part 5: ‘America First’ and the Use of Force 8. From ‘America First’ to Saving ‘Beautiful Babies’ in Syria 9. The 2020 Iranian Crisis: De-escalating from the Use of Force Part 6: Conclusions 10. Ideas and Foreign Policy Variation

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Book SynopsisThe late historian Marilyn B. Young, a preeminent voice on the history of U.S. military conflict, spent her career reassessing the nature of American global power, its influence on domestic culture and politics, and the consequences felt by those on the receiving end of U.S. military force. At the center of her inquiries was a seeming paradox: How can the United States stay continually at war, yet Americans pay so little attention to this militarism?Making the Forever War brings Young's articles and essays on American war together for the first time, including never before published works. Moving from the first years of the Cold War to Korea, Vietnam, and more recent 'forever' wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, Young reveals the ways in which war became ever-present, yet more covert and abstract, particularly as aerial bombings and faceless drone strikes have attained greater strategic value. For Young, U.S. empire persisted because of, not despite, the inattention of most Americans. The collection concludes with an afterword by prominent military historian Andrew Bacevich.Trade Review“Marilyn Young remains the preeminent historian of war’s place in modern American history.”—Michael S. Sherry, author of The Shadow of War: The United States since the 1930s “The essays in this collection serve as a durable testament to one of the most important academic critics of US war-making in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries.”—Susan L. Carruthers, author of The Good Occupation: American Soldiers and the Hazards of Peace

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Book SynopsisThe late historian Marilyn B. Young, a preeminent voice on the history of U.S. military conflict, spent her career reassessing the nature of American global power, its influence on domestic culture and politics, and the consequences felt by those on the receiving end of U.S. military force. At the center of her inquiries was a seeming paradox: How can the United States stay continually at war, yet Americans pay so little attention to this militarism?Making the Forever War brings Young's articles and essays on American war together for the first time, including never before published works. Moving from the first years of the Cold War to Korea, Vietnam, and more recent 'forever' wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, Young reveals the ways in which war became ever-present, yet more covert and abstract, particularly as aerial bombings and faceless drone strikes have attained greater strategic value. For Young, U.S. empire persisted because of, not despite, the inattention of most Americans. The collection concludes with an afterword by prominent military historian Andrew Bacevich.Trade Review“Marilyn Young remains the preeminent historian of war’s place in modern American history.”—Michael Sherry, author of The Shadow of War: The United States since the 1930s“The essays in this collection serve as a durable testament to one of the most important academic critics of US war-making in the twentieth- and twenty-first centuries.”—Susan L. Carruthers, author of The Good Occupation: American Soldiers and the Hazards of Peace

Read more less