Textiles and fibres Books

Book SynopsisReliable and meaningful methods of polymer testing are necessary to support the plastics industry, being essential for understanding material and part properties, and evaluating materials for a part design, with important implications for product safety as well as operating conditions and lifetime. This book covers all the most important testing methods, from long-established basic techniques to recent developments, including the latest polymer testing standards. By means of examples for the optimization of materials as well as for the evaluation of part properties, an insight into modern polymer testing and its interdisciplinary character is provided. Included in this third edition is an all-new chapter on the testing of polymer films; additionally, many small updates and corrections have been made throughout the book. Numerous tables and figures are included, providing structures and physico-chemical data. A special section for beginners is dedicated to guiding formulations and test methods. A relatively short section deals with development trends in Europe. Sustainability is a major theme, and it is demonstrated that PVC has a strong potential to develop into a fully sustainable material. Another section deals with the everyday problems in the processing of PVC, such as the formation of specks, photo-effects, and plate-out. Plate-out is a common problem in the processing of PVC but only relatively few publications cover it. The causes, influencing factors, and mechanisms are still poorly understood. This section, unique in the literature, provides assistance in the selection and dosage of raw materials to PVC processor, based on the influencing factors during processing.

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Book SynopsisThis useful guide provides a hands-on approach to making carbon fibers and their composites for those who need to use these materials. The book begins with a brief history of carbon fiber development, with definition of the terminology for all forms of solid carbon, and the properties of elemental carbon and its allotropic forms. Various carbon fiber precursors, surface treatments, and sizes for a range of carbon fiber types available on the world market are presented. The book gives an excellent overview of the chemical and physical properties of carbon fibers and their composites. In addition, common test and analysis methods for demonstrating these properties are presented. Several chapters describe typical processing methods for carbon fibers with dry and also impregnated semi-finished products in applications such as aerospace, wind, and automotive, as well as the construction industry. The advantages and disadvantages of various manufacturing processes based on application examples are shown. Considerations regarding C-fiber recycling and sustainability (environmental footprint) as well as new developments in the field of carbon fiber manufacturing are intended to assist the reader in the selection and understanding of material, process, and design to achieve successful implementation.Table of ContentsDr.-Ing. Hauke Lengsfeld is General Manager Epoxy Products at Schill+Seilacher, Struktol“ GmbH, Germany. He also give lectures at the University of Applied Sciences, Wedel and the und der Hochschule 21 University of Applied Sciences on the production and processing of fiber composites. Dr.-Ing. Hendrik Mainka is Head of the Department of Product Innovation at the North American Engineering & Planning Center of Volkswagen Group of America. Prof. Dr.-Ing. Volker Altstädt is, since 2000, head of the Department of Polymer Engineering at the University of Bayreuth, Germany.

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Book SynopsisThis book provides a necessary bridge between the values of engineering end-use parameters of polyethylene resins and their scientific molecular and structural characteristics. The main goal is to translate such common parameters, such as the melt index of a resin or the dart impact strength of a film sample, into the universal language of polymer science. After this translation is completed, many facets of the resin properties become transparent and easily explainable.The second edition is brought up to date with coverage of new types of catalysts and polymerization processes, and a new section on PE recycling. The chapter on melt indexes is modified and simplified, that on stress cracking has a significant update, and a new chapter on the nature of LLDPE extractables is added. Contents: Educational Minimum: Manufacture, Structure, and Mechanical Properties of Polyethylene Resins Melt Index and Melt Flow Ratio of Polyethylene Resin Melting Point of Polyethylene Resin Crystallinity Degree and Density of Polyethylene Resins End-Use Mechanical Properties of Polyethylene Film End-Use Testing of High Molecular Weight HDPE and MDPE Resins Nature of LLDPE Extractables

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Book SynopsisThis highly practical troubleshooting guide solves problems at the machine systematically and quickly. Drawing on a wealth of hands-on experience from the authors, who have built strong reputations in the field, the book is structured by type of problem/solution. Thus, it is an ideal reference to be consulted at the machine. Included is valuable information on robust process windows, cycle time evaluations, scrap savings, and runners/gates with no existing standard in the industry. No other book provides the unique insights found here.

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Book SynopsisPlastics production comprises the main process steps ""synthesis (reaction)"", ""preparation/compounding"" at the raw material manufacturer and compounder, and ""processing"" (shaping into semi-finished or finished products). In this handbook, the central middle step, preparation and compounding, is discussed. The preparation tasks include the removal of components, the incorporation of additives, and the change of particle size. Compounding is the incorporation of additives into a polymer or plastic. The process engineering fundamentals and the specific equipment and machines used are described. The specialist authors impart their knowledge from the fields of research, polymer production, and equipment/machine production with applications in plastics technology.

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Book SynopsisThis book shows the true and often-underestimated market potential of plastics recycling, with analysis from economic, ecological, and technical perspectives. It is aimed at both technical and non-technical readers, including decision makers in material suppliers, plastic product manufacturers, governmental agencies, educators, and anyone with a general interest in plastics recycling.An overview of waste handling systems with a focus on the U.S. market is provided. Different methods of waste handling are compared from both economic and ecological perspectives.Since plastic waste recycling is essential from an ecological point of view, common strategies and new approaches to both increase the recycling rate and improve recycling economically and technically are presented. This includes processing and material properties of recycled plastics.Finally, a worldwide outlook of plastic recycling is provided with analysis of additional worldwide markets, encompassing highly developed, fast-developing, and less developed countries.Bonus HanserPLUS content: all the data and calculations presented in the book are provided as downloadable spreadsheets for the reader’s own analysis and updates.

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Book SynopsisSuccessful coloration of plastics is a challenging exercise, requiring deep understanding of chemical, physical, and technological factors, as well as national and international regulations. Customer and regulatory demands are often very high, concerning toxicity, environmental factors, color specification/matching, stability, and cost, among others. This book enables the reader to identify the right color preparation for a particular product application, accounting for material and design.

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Book SynopsisPlastics have a very important role to play in energy-efficient and low-carbon technologies of the present and future, but for them to be classified as sustainable materials, there is a great need for practical and economic recycling methods and infrastructure. This book fills the gap for a modern comprehensive technical guide to recycling of plastics, covering the whole value chain from raw materials to recycled materials.All important recycling technologies (mechanical, chemical/feedstock, dissolution) are discussed and compared to each other and alternative disposal methods such as energy recovery and gasification. Collecting, sorting, and purification methods are also covered, as are economic, legal, and political aspects.A strong emphasis is placed on data comparability, e.g. by standardized methods in measuring data. Although this is a challenge to implement, comparing data across technologies, regions, and stakeholders along the value chain yields important benefits. Key instruments for such a target are lifecycle assessments (LCAs), which are calculated in a standard way across the chapters to "calibrate" the messages among the numerous expert co-authors.Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Recycling technologies in overview 3. Value chain (EU, Americas, Asia) 4. Analytics and consumer safety 5. Properties of recycled materials 6. Design for recycling 7. Future developments

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Book SynopsisThis practical introductory guide to injection molding simulation is aimed at both practicing engineers and students. It will help the reader to innovate and improve part design and molding processes, essential for efficient manufacturing.A user-friendly, case-study-based approach is applied, enhanced by many illustrations in full color. The book is conceptually divided into three parts:Chapters 1–5 introduce the fundamentals of injection molding, focusing the factors governing molding quality and how molding simulation methodology is developed. As they are essential to molding quality, the rheological, thermodynamic, thermal, mechanical, kinetic properties of plastics are fully elaborated in this part, as well as curing kinetics for thermoset plastics.Chapters 6–11 introduce CAE verification of design, a valuable tool for both part and mold designers toward avoiding molding problems in the design stage and to solve issues encountered in injection molding. This part covers design guidelines of part, gating, runner, and cooling channel systems. Temperature control in hot runner systems, prediction and control of warpage, and fiber orientation are also discussed.Chapters 12–17 introduce research and development in innovative molding, illustrating how CAE is applied to advanced molding techniques, including co-/bi-Injection molding, gas-/water-assisted injection molding, foam injection molding, powder injection molding, resin transfer molding, and integrated circuit packaging.The authors come from the creative simulation team at CoreTech System (Moldex3D), winner of the PPS James L. White Innovation Award 2015. Several CAE case study exercises for execution in the Moldex3D software are included to allow readers to practice what they have learned and test their understanding.In the 2nd edition, the concept of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) in injection molding is introduced. In order to integrate molding simulation and injection machines, the workflow of machine response characterization is illustrated. By taking into account the real-world machine response, users can more accurately reflect the real-world manufacturing conditions in simulations. The optimized processing conditions obtained from the simulation can then be directly applied on the shop floor, bridging the gap between simulation and manufacturing. In addition, a new flow-fiber coupling model, i.e., the informed-isotropic (IISO) viscosity developed by Dr. Favaloro and Prof. Pipes of Purdue University, to simulate the anisotropic flow for fiber-reinforced thermoplastics is introduced. The IISO coupling is available to simulate some peculiar, irregular filling patterns for fiber-reinforced melts at high fiber concentrations: the free surface advances faster along the side cavity walls.

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Book SynopsisThis student lab manual reinforces the chapter content and lecture material from Apparel Quality, but may also be used as a standalone product in conjunction with another apparel quality textbook. With more than 30 hands-on lab activities and projects to enhance learning, the lab manual offers a greater understanding of quality issues that arise with apparel production and end use. Designed for courses that emphasize textile testing or offer a laboratory component, Apparel Quality Lab Manual includes supply lists; extensive reference tables; assignments for analyzing products, testing and evaluating materials and garments; project sheets for product comparison testing; worksheets to record data; directions for mounting specimens after testing; and templates for cutting specimens. Students will be actively engaged in their learning and participate in determining the quality level of apparel products, allowing them to simulate how apparel products are analyzed in the industry.Trade ReviewI really like the lab manual... Someone has really spent time thinking about these activities... I think it is a good way to make sure the student learn and understand these topics. -- Diane Limbaugh, Oklahoma State University, USThe [lab manual] is easy to read and to follow. The charts / tables seem to be placed in a logical spot so the flow of the material is not interrupted. I do see a strong application of this [lab manual] to my classroom. -- Mary Simpson, Baylor University, US[The lab manual's] strengths include introducing various aspects of terminology, as well as a well-designed wear testing sequence... I especially like the use of the tables in the chapters, which are almost like a glossary of information relevant to the appropriate chapters, as well as the table listing the various test methods, both U.S and international, that can be used to evaluate different characteristics. -- Bruce A. Cameron, University of Wyoming, USMy general impression of the [manual] is very good. I would definitely use this lab manual when teaching an apparel evaluation course. The manual is very easy to follow and the instructions are very clear. The activities involve garments that the students will be easily able to find in their wardrobes and bring to class. The evaluation tables supplied to evaluate the quality of different types of garments are very thorough and complete. ... I feel that this manual would be beneficial to our classroom needs. -- Kathryn J. Reiley, Art Institute International, USI would love to have this in my classes... I think even without a lab, this book content will be valuable. -- Tricia Edwards, FIDM, USTable of ContentsHow to Use This Lab Manual 1. Apparel Quality and Consumer Perceptions Lab 2.Integrating Quality into the Development of Apparel Products Lab 3. Raw Materials and Sewn Product Testing Labs 4. Garment Construction Details Lab 5. Apparel Sizing and Fit Strategies Lab 6. ASTM & ISO Stitch and Seam Classifications Lab 7. Labeling Regulations and Guidelines for Manufacturing Apparel Lab 8. Safety Regulations and Guidelines for Wearing Apparel Lab 9. Measuring Product Quality Through Raw Materials and Product Testing Lab 10. Inspection of Raw Materials and Sewn Products Lab

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Book SynopsisThese 2 volume books strive to provide to our readers the most up-to-date core information available in the published literature as well as our yet to be published studies with ample illustrations (total 416) on biodegradable polymers. Much of the information used in this book is from the authors'' own research activities over the past several decades. These 2 volume books contain a compilation of new developments in the creation and use of biodegradable polymers including the relatively new polymers designed from the ground up (i.e., designing new monomers), the modification of existing biodegradable polymers to achieve particular new goals and functions, new fabrication methods for better efficiency, purity and yields, new engineering methods to formulate existing biodegradable polymers into new physical forms, and new applications of existing or new biodegradable polymers in biomedical and environmental arenas. These 2 volume books contain a total of 28 chapters grouped under 2 volumes. Volume 1 has a total of 14 chapters and 2 sections: Section I Basic degradation study and phenomenon (6 chapters), and Section II Biomedical and environmental applications (8 chapters). Volume 2 has also 14 chapters, and focuses on newly designed biodegradable polymers, and their formulation into different physical forms. The chapters in both volumes have both new original articles and information and review articles with updated and new information. Although the bulk of the chapters in this book (> 90%) deal with issues in biomedical fields which are far more challenging, demanding, and costly to resolve, two chapters deal with use of biodegradable materials for environmental impacts. The books are designed for material and polymer scientists and engineers and biomedical engineers in both universities and in industries with an interest in the biomedical field. Biomaterial scientists and engineers, biomedical engineers and even medical professionals who have used implantable polymeric-based medical devices for their practice will find these books coverage of the latest developments and challenges useful either as a comprehensive review or an up to date report of the developments in the field of biodegradable polymers. The contributors include both academic scientists and research scientists in industry, from 10 different countries in North (USA) and South America (Brazil, Argentina), Asia (China, Korea, Singapore) and Europe (Germany, Italy, Spain, Portugal). Therefore, these 2 volume books are truly internationally as well as multidisciplinary-oriented, covering science and engineering without borders.

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Book SynopsisThese 2 volume books strive to provide to our readers the most up-to-date core information available in the published literature as well as our yet to be published studies with ample illustrations (total 416) on biodegradable polymers. Much of the information used in this book is from the authors'' own research activities over the past several decades. These 2 volume books contain a compilation of new developments in the creation and use of biodegradable polymers including the relatively new polymers designed from the ground up (ie: designing new monomers), the modification of existing biodegradable polymers to achieve particular new goals and functions, new fabrication methods for better efficiency, purity and yields, new engineering methods to formulate existing biodegradable polymers into new physical forms, and new applications of existing or new biodegradable polymers in biomedical and environmental arenas. These 2 volume books contain a total of 28 chapters grouped under 2 volumes. Volume 1 has a total of 14 chapters and 2 sections: Section I Basic degradation study and phenomenon (6 chapters), and Section II Biomedical and environmental applications (8 chapters). Volume 2 has also 14 chapters, and focuses on newly designed biodegradable polymers, and their formulation into different physical forms. The chapters in both volumes have both new original articles and information and review articles with updated and new information. Although the bulk of the chapters in this book (>90%) deal with issues in biomedical fields which are far more challenging, demanding, and costly to resolve, two chapters deal with use of biodegradable materials for environmental impacts. The books are designed for material and polymer scientists and engineers and biomedical engineers in both universities and in industries with an interest in the biomedical field. Biomaterial scientists and engineers, biomedical engineers and even medical professionals who have used implantable polymeric-based medical devices for their practice will find these books coverage of the latest developments and challenges useful either as a comprehensive review or an up to date report of the developments in the field of biodegradable polymers. The contributors include both academic scientists and research scientists in industry, from 10 different countries in North (USA) and South America (Brazil, Argentina), Asia (China, Korea, Singapore) and Europe (Germany, Italy, Spain, Portugal). Therefore, these 2 volume books are truly internationally as well as multidisciplinary-oriented, covering science and engineering without borders.

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Book SynopsisThere is increasing interest in the area of protective vests, either for protection against bullets or protection from the most realistic threats within domestic frontline operations: edged weapon, knives, and medical needles. This volume addresses that need. This new book provides an in-depth survey of the state-of-the-art research and practical techniques in the area of protected fabrics, especially stab-resistant and bulletproof fabrics.The book covers:• The history of protective armor: the long history of the art of protective armor manufacturing.• Materials used for body armor: the design and materials used for soft armor to increase its perforation-resistance utilizing high-performance fibers.• Anti-stab and anti-bullet armor design: the different design parameters required for the design of flexible armor in order to stop high-velocity projectiles.• The comfort of the body armor design: the flexibility, thermal resistivity, and evaporative moisture resistivity through the fabric.• Methods of testing the flexible body armors: testing the components of flexible body armor, according to the level of the protection required, such as NIJ Standards, HOSDB Body Armour Standards for UK Police, and the German SK1 Standard, among others.Written by an expert in textile composite material engineering, this volume fills an important gap in the area of protective fabric against stabbing or bullets and provides invaluable practical knowledge for body armor design.Table of ContentsPart I: Historical Background And Developments Of Body Armor 1. History of Protection Armor Part II: Textile Materials For Flexible Protective Armor 2. Textile Materials for Flexible Armor 3. Material Design Principles of Flexible Protective Armor Part III: Protective Armor Design Aspects 4. Stab Resistance of Flexible Protective Armor 5. Bulletproof Flexible Protective Armor 6. Flexible Protective Armor: Modern Designs Part IV: Protective Armor Testing Methods: Fibers, Yarns, Fabrics, And Protective Vests 7. Testing Methods for Materials and Protective Vest: Different Components Appendix I: Testing Standards for Fibers, Yarns, and Protective Fabrics Appendix II: Additional Test Procedures for Bulletproof Vests

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Book SynopsisWhat could be cuter than a woolly pompom creature? With Sachiyo Ishii's ridiculously loveable pocket-size creations, you have all the ingredients of a fabulous, fun book! There are 34 imaginative designs for animals, birds, sea creatures, bees and other insects accompanied by clear, step-by step instructions. With sections on materials, tools and basic techniques, you have all you need to get you started. Learn how to make the pompoms, attach them to each other and needle felt on features such as faces, ears, arms and legs - adding the features is where their characters really come to life! All the pompoms can be made from scraps of yarn in your stash and each design uses only small amounts. You can be up-to-the-minute with plastic pompom makers or keep it traditional with the cardboard ring technique. Sachiyo's delightful designs include a ladybird, a fox, a hummingbird, a hamster, a dolphin and a hedgehog. With beautiful photographs to show off these charming pompom creations, this is sure to delight young and old alike.Trade ReviewThis little book is fantastic. The instructions are very clear and easy to follow with words and pictures. I absolutely LOVE this little book. It is a must have and I would thoroughly recommend it to everyone. -- Mabel Newman * Customer review *This book comes with easy to follow instructions and really nice illustrations for each of the 35 creatures. The introduction carefully explains how to make the pompoms using different things, and also explains the needle felting process needed to add the features to your creations. It also tells all the items needed for the projects. A good book for both the beginner and those with experience. -- Mrs Lynne Harvey * Customer Review *This book comes with easy to follow instructions and really nice illustrations for each of the 35 creatures. The introduction carefully explains how to make the pompoms using different things, and also explains the needle felting process needed to add the features to your creations. It also tells all the items needed for the projects. A good book for both the beginner and those with experience. -- Lynne Harvey * Customer review *This book is fantastic. Easy to follow instructions to make cute little pets for everyone and anyone. I'm particularly in love with the hamster. -- Pam Hockin * Customer review *This book is great! It has very clear instructions on how to make the pompoms, and explains how to do it with different types of pompom makers. There are diagrams which clearly show how to put the wool onto the pompom maker to get the correct colour layering to create the animals, and there are little templates to show how to make ears, etc. You will need a felting needle and a couple of other felting bits to create facial features, etc, which is a new skill for me, but I am sure with a bit of creativity it would be possible to make the faces in a different way if felting felt a bit daunting, although again, very easy to follow pictures of how to create the face bits to finish off the lovely animals. Also, this is a great was to stash bust all those little left over ends of wool. With a baby on the way, I plan on making a baby mobile of little pompom animals to hang over the cot, but I am sure that younger children right through to adults would love to have a go at making these little animals. -- Lizzie Copeland * Customer review *What could be cuter than a pompom critter? A pocket-sized one, of course! Master crafter Sachiyo Ishii's irresistible collection of animals, birds, and insects will have you squealing with delight. Newbies to yarn crafts needn't fear, as there are comprehensive guides to materials, tools and techniques, including the needle-felted finishing touches. -- Make & Sew Toys * Make & Sew Toys *Pompoms are so easy and fun to make, not to mention a great way to use up your yarn stash. Choose from 35 cute pompom creatures to make, including a ladybird, fox, hummingbird, hamster, dolphin and a hedgehog, with clear, step-by-step instructions to guide you. * Crafts Beautiful *Yesterday I had the luxury of a train journey by myself and I knew exactly what I wanted to read! A few weeks ago I was gifted a copy of 35 cute pompom animals, birds, sea creatures and insects to make. I had a quick look through and couldn’t wait to try making something from one of the tutorials. Pocket Pompoms: 35 cute little woolly creatures to make Before my journey I made sure to flick through the projects and pack some basic equipment. I’ve made a few pom poms before using cardboard (the old fashioned way!) as well as a Clover pom pom maker. The book contains 35 designs for animals, birds, sea creatures, bees and other insects accompanied by clear, step-by-step instructions. With Halloween coming up I decided to make the spider, so picked up my pom pom maker, wool and scissors. I couldn’t find any black wool so substituted brown wool and picked up a small scrap of white for the eyes. I read through the Introduction and Techniques before starting. The pom pom maker was easy to use and it didn’t take long to make the spider. I removed it from the maker and gave it a little trim. Unfortunately I didn’t have any beads for eyes, nor wire for legs so I used black straws instead! My children thought it was hilarious! The book is really lovely and I love the idea of making a whole menagerie of animals with wool and a little imagination. With sections on materials, tools and basic techniques, you have all you need to get you started. Learn how to make the pompoms, attach them to each other and needle felt on features such as faces, ears, arms and legs adding the features is where their characters really come to life! All the pompoms can be made from scraps of yarn in your stash and each design uses only small amounts. Pocket Pompoms: 35 cute little woolly creatures to make by Sachiyo Ishii is published by Search Press. -- Jenny Kearney * The GingerBread House *Table of ContentsTools & Materials Techniques Monkey: step by step Dog: step by step The Projects: Fox Owl Brown bear Cat Lovebirds Teddy bear Bunny Hedgehog Koala Mouse Seal pup Pufferfish Hamster Spider Robin Sheep Panda Chicken & chicks Lion Bumblebee Ladybird Caterpillar Turtle Squirrel Dolphin Pig Duck & ducklings Hummingbird Snail Toucan Crab & hermit crab Ostrich Templates

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Book SynopsisThis book offers a state-of-the-art view of leather making, based on the scientific principles underpinning the technology. In particular, it contributes to the understanding of the modern leather industry, allowing practitioners to make judgements about day-to-day problems in the tannery and how change can be applied in a predictable way. Major themes running through the book are the economics and environmental impact of leather making and how these will ensure the sustainability of the industry. This second edition of Tony Covington’s Tanning Chemistry is a revision, update and extension in collaboration with a new co-author, Will Wise. The update reflects the advances made in the past decade, including a discussion of the impact of new information concerning the chemistry of sulfide. The original chapters have been re-organised and new chapters on novel modes of reagent delivery and the principles of finishing are now included. Enzymology is addressed as a separate topic, as are environmental impact and the future of leather. The book will be useful to all those involved in the supply chain, from farm, through students, chemical suppliers and tanners, to leather goods brands. Leather science is the key to understanding leather technology, to make it work, to make it work better and to keep it ahead of the competition.Table of ContentsCollagen and Skin Structure; Skin and Its Components; Curing and Preservation of Hides and Skins; Soaking; Unhairing; Liming; Deliming; Bating; Pickling; Tanning; Mineral Tanning: Chromium(III); Mineral Tanning; Vegetable Tanning; Other Tannages; Post-Tanning; Dyeing; Fatliquoring; Enzymology; Reagent Delivery; Drying; Finishing; Environmental Impact; Theory of Tanning: the Concept of Link-Lock; The Future of Tanning Chemistry; The Future for Leather

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Book SynopsisThe Genesis of the Textile Industry from Adorned Nudity to Ritual Regalia documents and evaluates the changing role of fibre crafts and their evolving techniques of manufacture and also their ever-increasing wider application in the lives of the inhabitants of the earliest villages of the Ancient Near East. It is a broad-spectrum enquiry into fibre working in a broad swathe from Mesopotamia across Persia and Anatolia to the Nile Valley. It focuses, however, on the southern Levant from incipient sedentism in the Natufian culture, c. 13,000 cal BCE to the Ghassulian culture, c. 4500-3800/3700 cal BCE. This is the first comprehensive study addressing the fibre technologies of the southern Levant on a long chronological axis. Currently, fibre crafts play only a minor role in archaeological thinking. This research demonstrates the magnitude and also the indispensable role that fibre crafts have played in the quotidian events, activities and practices of the inhabitants of the region. It has created an awareness of the substantial, often invisible, presence of fibre-craft products which was hitherto lacking in archaeological thought.Trade Review'This is a book of evidence. Levy has the tenacity of a bulldog in pursuing and dragging in every possible form of evidence for a very elusive subject that has been central to human existence for many millennia.' -- E.J.W. Barber * American Journal of Archaeology *Table of ContentsList of Figures ; List of Tables ; Abstract ; Chapter 1: Objective, Methodology, Geography, History of Research ; Chapter 2: The Natufian ; Chapter 3: The Pre-pottery Neolithic A (PPNA) ; Chapter 4: The Pre-pottery Neolithic B (PPNB) ; Chapter 5: The Pottery Neolithic (PN) ; Chapter 6: The Chalcolithic ; Chapter 7: Discussion and conclusions ; Bibliography ; Appendix A: The Basics of Fibre Technologies ; Appendix B: Experiments ; Appendix C ; Appendix D

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Book SynopsisEver wondered why a particular type of fibre is used for a certain application? Readers of this book will gain an appreciation of the answer to this question and more through understanding the chemistry behind the properties of the fibres. Providing a comprehensive overview of the various types of textile fibres that are available today, ranging from natural fibres to high-performance fibres that are very technologically advanced, the book is a revised and updated new edition of a highly successful text. Textiles are ubiquitous materials that many of us take for granted in our everyday lives. We rely on our clothes to protect us from the environment and use them to enhance our appearance. Textiles also find applications in transport, healthcare, construction and many other industries. The third edition of The Chemistry of Textile Fibres updates a significant amount of the information provided in the previous editions, such as the synthesis from renewable resources of monomers for producing synthetic fibres, emerging applications of nanofibres, production of electrically conducting fibres incorporating graphene and carbon nanotubes, and nano-finishing of textiles. It also gives greater emphasis to those aspects of textile chemistry that combat adverse environmental impact, including the chemical decomposition of synthetic polymers and strategies to reduce the damaging impact of microfibers. It introduces the production of micro- and nanomaterials from cellulose as an alternative to relatively toxic and non-ecofriendly micro- and nanomaterials produced from other sources, together with the bio-functionalisation of textiles. Students following A level courses or equivalent and first-year undergraduate students reading textile technology subjects at university will find this book a valuable source of information.Table of ContentsThe Scope of Textile Fibres;Cellulosic Fibres;Protein Fibres;Regenerated Fibres;Synthetic Fibres;High-performance Fibres;Other Speciality Fibres;Enhancement of Fibre Performance by Surface Modification;The Chemistry of Functional Fibres and Fabrics

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Book SynopsisThis book provides an invaluable update on the science and technology of plant fibre and its growing importance as a source material. The book presents a basic and clear understanding of the most advanced developments of a wide range of functional plant fibre materials. The development and utilisation of plant fibre resources are considered to be one of the strategies with most potential for reducing consumption of petrochemicals, whether for direct use to produce energy in place of oil, coal and gas, and chemicals or to develop new materials. The ready supply and low cost of these 'green' products and processes provide endless opportunities. The book considers structure, processing, properties, and applications with a comprehensive examination and discussion of the structure, chemistry and behaviour of plant fibre. This is followed by basic information and a thorough understanding of functional materials directly derived from plant fibres, mainly including nanocellulose, physically and chemically treated plant fibre, cellulose film, cellulose textile, cellulose detection materials, and nanocellulose aerogel. The processing, property and application of functional plant fibre composites is then considered, including nanocellulose composite, plant fibre/natural resin composite, wood plastic composites and long fibre composites.Table of ContentsIntroduction: a perspective of plant fibre and its advanced products; The structure of plant fibres; The cemistry of plant fibres; Plant fibre: its behaviour; Nanocellulose: The next world-changing super material; The interface and bonding mechanisms of plant fibre composites; Functional (nano)cellulose film; Cellulose-based textile materials; Cellulose-based functional detection materials; Nanocellulose-based aerogels; Nanocellulose-based composites; Bioresin-natural fibre composites; Wood plastic composites; Long fibre strong composites; Index

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Book SynopsisMembranes for Low Temperature Fuel Cells provides a comprehensive review of novel and state-of-the-art polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) membranes. The author highlights requirements and considerations for a membrane as an integral part of PEMFC and its interactions with other components. It is an indispensible resource for anyone interested in new PEMFC membrane materials and concerned with the development, optimisation and testing of such membranes. Various composite membranes (polymer and non-polymer) are discussed along with analyses of the latest fi ller materials like graphene, ionic liquids, polymeric ionic liquids, nanostructured metal oxides and membrane concepts unfolding in the field of PEMFC. This book provides the latest academic and technical developments in PEMFC membranes with thorough insights into various preparation, characterisation, and testing methods utilised. Factors affecting proton conduction, water adsorption, and transportation behaviour of membranes are also deliberated upon. Provides the latest academic and technical developments in PEMFC membranes. Reviews recent literature on ex situ studies and in situ single-cell and stack tests investigating the durability (chemical, thermomechanical) and degradation of membranes. Surbhi Sharma, MSc, PhD Working on graphene oxide and fuel cells since 2007, she has published about 50 research articles/book chapters and holds a patent. She has also been awarded various research grants.

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Book SynopsisThis fully updated edition provides a broad approach to the surface analysis of polymers being of high technological interest. Modern analytical techniques, potential applications and recent advances in instrumental apparatus are discussed. The self-consistent chapters are devoted to spectroscopic and microscopic techniques which represent powerful tools for the characterization of morphology and chemical, physical, mechanical properties of polymer surfaces, interfaces, and thin fi lms. Selection of techniques which can properly address very shallow depth of surfaces, spanning from few angstroms to tens of nanometers Interaction of polymer surfaces with their surroundings is pointed out as a critical issue for specifi c applications

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Book SynopsisFibre-Fixed. Composites in Design is a book about what can be achieved when tried and tested fibres are combined with other materials - often (bio) plastics - to create fibre reinforced composite materials. These fibres can be manifold: carbon, glass, a synthetic fibre or natural fibres such as flax, hemp, jute, ramie, silk... The strength and stiffness of these fibres, combined with the lightness of plastics, inspires designers to create lightweight, energy-efficient products. At the same time, the composite materials allow a great freedom of shape and design. Designing and using composite materials can be an answer to the social and ecological challenges today's society is facing. This book, edited by Lut Pil and Ignaas Verpoest, focuses on the results achieved in the past five years and looks ahead to some of the breakthroughs that are expected in the years to come. The projects presented in the book are diverse and come from different sectors such as mobility, sports, medical applications, energy supply, infrastructure, architecture and products for daily use. Text in English and Dutch.

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Book SynopsisThis book provides a comprehensive overview of the field of functional finishing of textiles, describing the state-of-the-art research and well-established techniques applied in the textile industry, and covering all areas of textile dyeing and finishing. It is intended for academic researchers and professionals in related scientific and engineering fields, including textile engineering, chemistry, nanotechnology, material science, biotechnology and environmental science. The book also provides reference material for stakeholders looking for innovative technologies and insights into the environmental and sustainability issues in the development of functional textiles and related products. Table of Contents1. Surface Modification of Textiles with Nanomaterials for Flexible Electronics Applications.- 2. Functional Finishing of Cotton Textiles using Nanomaterials.- 3. Environmental Profile of Nano-finished Textile Materials: Implications on Public Health, Risk Assessment, and Public Perception.- 4. Biotechnology: An Eco-friendly Tool of Nature for Textile Industries. 5. Application of Enzymes in Textile Functional Finishing.- 6. Recent Advances in Development of Antimicrobial Textiles.- 7. Advances of Textiles in Tissue Engineering Scaffolds.

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Book Synopsis

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