Technology, Engineering & Agriculture Books

Book SynopsisThe purpose of this book is to explore a range of ideas that have the potential to lead to future paradigm shifts. We know that technology is evolving at a rapid pace, but it is almost impossible to predict the exact direction from which the next paradigm will emerge. The book represents eighteen ideas that could result in paradigm shifts. The only criterion for inclusion in this book is that the idea has to represent a significant departure from the norm in exploring a new technology or application. The next generation of paradigm shifts in communication technology is going to start as ''blue sky'' ideas, evolving dreams into reality.

Read more less

Book SynopsisNo matter how far Humanity advanced in its successes the problems of health and death will always exist. However, it is possible to postpone old age and prolong life, and it is performed successfully. In ancient Rome the average age was 15-18 years. Today in Japan it reaches 77-79 years. So what can the science of polymers do in solving this problem? Do high molecular compounds (natural and artificial) possess any reserves for solving this problem? This book discusses the problems of the polymer interaction with biologically active and model media, biodegradation biodetrioration, prognosing the time of reliable exploitation of polymers for medical purposes, polymer application in surgery, etc. Also discussed is the role of kinetics in prognosis of agriculture production quality.

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book SynopsisTraining a horse can be a frustrating experience for rider and animal alike. From dealing with a horse that won’t listen to rectifying erratic behavior, this guide covers hundreds of common training challenges and offers proven solutions to your most pressing issues. Stressing effective communication, realistic goals, and the importance of an enjoyable atmosphere, Jessica Jahiel helps you get the most out of your training sessions by pinpointing what’s causing the problem and providing strategies to help both rider and horse stay engaged and focused.

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book Synopsis.

Read more less

Book SynopsisAdvances in Condensed Matter & Materials Research

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book provides a detailed overview of recent and likely future developments in bilateral trade of agricultural commodities between the United States and Canada. Factors affecting trade flows of agricultural commodities are examined and their effects on US agriculture are analysed. In addition, external factors, such as the Uruguay Round Agreement of the General Agreement of Tariffs and Trade (GATT), concluded in 1994, the value of the US dollar against the Canadian currency, and farm subsidies, are discussed. An important secondary goal of this book is to discuss new developments in agribusiness industries in the two countries under CUSTA and implications for trade flows of agricultural commodities and products. Also, concerns are raised about ongoing bilateral trade disputes.

Read more less

Book SynopsisDevelopments in lasers continue to enable progress in many areas such as eye surgery, the recording industry and dozens of others. This book presents citations from the book literature for the last 25 years and groups them for ease of access which is also provided by subject, author and titles indexes.

Read more less

Book SynopsisIt is expected that ongoing advances in optics will revolutionise the 21st century as they began doing in the last quarter of the 20th. Such fields as communications, materials science, computing and medicine are leaping forward based on developments in optics. This new series presents leading edge research on optics and lasers from researchers spanning the globe.

Read more less

Book SynopsisCondensed matter physics (solid state physics) deals with the study of matter in scales larger than atoms. Some of the key questions researched include: Can we understand emergent properties of matter such as the existence of metallic and insulating states, superconductivity, and magnetic long-range order? How do the relatively simple laws which govern microscopic physics organize themselves at the macroscopic level into a wide variety of complex behaviour, seen for instances in the many phases of liquid crystals? What is the nature of the phase transitions between these different states of matter? Is there universal behaviour at large length and time scales which is insensitive to the details of the microscopic interaction? And how does disorder in the form of impurities, crystal defects, and surface adsorbates alter these phases? This series presents a collection of papers exploring the most current and cutting edge research into the condensed matter field. For anyone hoping to stay abreast of some of the most dynamic developments in physics and science, the information presented here is essential.

Read more less

Book SynopsisIt is expected that ongoing advances in optics will revolutionise the 21st century as they have the last quarter of the 20th. Such fields as communications, materials science, computing and medicine are leaping forward based on developments in optics. This series presents leading edge research on optics and lasers from researchers around the globe.

Read more less

Book SynopsisSuperconductivity is the ability of certain materials to conduct electrical current with no resistance and extremely low losses. High temperature superconductors, such as La2-xSrxCuOx (Tc=40K) and YBa2Cu3O7-x (Tc=90K), were discovered in 1987 and have been actively studied since. In spite of an intense, worldwide, research effort during this time, a complete understanding of the copper oxide (cuprate) materials is still lacking. Many fundamental questions are unanswered, particularly the mechanism by which high-Tc superconductivity occurs. More broadly, the cuprates are in a class of solids with strong electron-electron interactions. An understanding of such ''strongly correlated'' solids is perhaps the major unsolved problem of condensed matter physics with over ten thousand researchers working on this topic. High-Tc superconductors also have significant potential for applications in technologies ranging from electric power generation and transmission to digital electronics. This ability to carry large amounts of current can be applied to electric power devices such as motors and generators, and to electricity transmission in power lines. For example, superconductors can carry as much as 100 times the amount of electricity of ordinary copper or aluminum wires of the same size. Many universities, research institutes and companies are working to develop high-Tc superconductivity applications and considerable progress has been made. This volume brings together leading research in this growth field.

Read more less

Book SynopsisBiocatalytic Technology & Nanotechnology

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis new book covers both theoretical and applied agricultural economics research. Its scope also includes a wide range of topics related to agricultural economics. Topic areas include, for example: production economics and farm management, agricultural policy, agricultural environmental issues, regional planning and rural development, factor markets, supply and demand analysis, marketing of agricultural and food products, international trade and development, and methodology. It also examines the linkages between and among financial institutions, the macroeconomy, world markets, government programs, farms, agribusinesses, food marketing, and the environment.

Read more less

Book SynopsisGrid generation deals with the use of grids (meshes) in the numerical solution of partial differential equations by finite elements, finite volume, finite differences and boundary elements. Grid generation is applied in the aerospace, mechanical engineering and scientific computing fields. This book presents new research in the field.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe convergence of the Internet, communications and information technologies, coupled with recent engineering advances, is paving the way for a new generation of inexpensive mobile devices, sensors and actuators. Hence, there is current and future need for dynamic ad hoc networking technology. It is the distributed and ad hoc deployment of networks of these network devices and sensors that bears promises for a significant impact, not only on science and engineering, but equally importantly on a broad range of applications relating to critical infrastructure protection and security, health care, the environment, energy, food safety, production processing, quality of life, and the economy. A Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) consists of mobile nodes, which are free to move about arbitrarily. The nodes may be located in or on airplanes, ships, trucks, cars, perhaps even on people or very small devices, and there may be multiple hosts per router. A MANET is an autonomous system of mobile nodes. The system may operate in isolation, or may have gateways to and interface with a fixed network. MANET nodes are equipped with wireless transmitters and receivers using antennas which may be omnidirectional (broadcast), highly-directional (point-to-point), possibly steerable, or some combination thereof. At a given point in time, a wireless connectivity in the form of a random, multihop graph or "ad hoc" network exists between the nodes. This ad hoc topology may change with time as the nodes move or adjust their transmission and reception parameters. Wireless sensor networks are a new class of ad hoc networks that consists of a collection of tiny disposable and low-power devices. Since they enable reliable monitoring and analysis of unknown and untested environments, they are expected to find increasing deployment in the near future. MANETs including wireless sensor networks have several important characteristics, such as dynamic topologies, limited bandwidth, low power availability, and fragile security and reliability, which differ them from traditional networks or even from other wireless networks. These unique characteristics create a set of underlying assumptions and performance concerns for MANET design which extend beyond those guiding the design of routing within the traditional networks, and pose huge challenges to researchers and designers in the area of MANETs. Although a lot of results have been published in the area, research in MANETs, in contrast to traditional network technology, is still in its infancy. This book tries to give the reader a current update on developments in MANETs and wireless sensor networks. This book contains 14 invited chapters from prominent researchers working in this area around the world. It presents leading-edge research in the field of ad hoc and sensor network technologies and applications.

Read more less

Book SynopsisSuperconductivity is the ability of certain materials to conduct electrical current with no resistance and extremely low losses. High temperature superconductors, such as La2-xSrxCuOx (Tc=40K) and YBa2Cu3O7-x (Tc=90K), were discovered in 1987 and have been actively studied since. In spite of an intense, world-wide, research effort during this time, a complete understanding of the copper oxide (cuprate) materials is still lacking. Many fundamental questions are unanswered, particularly the mechanism by which high-Tc superconductivity occurs. More broadly, the cuprates are in a class of solids with strong electron-electron interactions. An understanding of such "strongly correlated" solids is perhaps the major unsolved problem of condensed matter physics with over ten thousand researchers working on this topic. High-Tc superconductors also have significant potential for applications in technologies ranging from electric power generation and transmission to digital electronics. This ability to carry large amounts of current can be applied to electric power devices such as motors and generators, and to electricity transmission in power lines. For example, superconductors can carry as much as 100 times the amount of electricity of ordinary copper or aluminium wires of the same size. Many universities, research institutes and companies are working to develop high-Tc superconductivity applications and considerable progress has been made. This new volume brings together new leading-edge research in the field.

Read more less

Book SynopsisRobotics began as a science fiction creation which has become quite real, first in assembly line operations such as automobile manufacturing, aeroplane construction etc. They have now reached such areas as the internet, ever-multiplying-medical uses and sophisticated military applications. Control of today''s robots is often remote which requires even more advanced computer vision capabilities as well as sensors and interface techniques. Learning has become crucial for modern robotic systems as well. This book brings together leading research in this exciting field.

Read more less

Book SynopsisBook & CD. Computer molecular simulations of complex multi-particle systems play a fascinating role in fundamental physics, biochemical and life sciences. Having an increasingly significant impact on many applied industries, especially in modern biophysical and nanotechnological areas, molecular simulation provides a set of tools for predicting many functional properties of molecular systems. The chemical, pharmaceutical, materials and related industries -- all share the computer molecular simulation methods. The molecular simulation studies cover different fields of either biological processes -- protein folding and electron densities of DNA and proteins, or thin film formations and surface-cluster phenomena in nanoelectronics, synthetic copolymers and biopolymer design in biochemistry, so on. Practically all of the world''s present supercomputers and many specially developed high performance computing clusters over the world are performing molecular simulations or are aimed on these needs. This book presents leading international research in this dynamic field.

Read more less

Book SynopsisSolar energy is derived ultimately from the sun. It can be divided into direct and indirect categories. Most energy sources on Earth are forms of indirect solar energy, although we usually don''t think of them in that way. Coal, oil and natural gas derive from ancient biological material which took its energy from the sun (via plant photosynthesis) millions of years ago. All the energy in wood and foodstuffs also comes from the sun. Movement of the wind (which causes waves at sea), and the evaporation of water to form rainfall which accumulates in rivers and lakes, are also powered by the sun. Therefore, hydroelectric power and wind and wave power are forms of indirect solar energy. Direct solar energy is what we usually mean when we speak of solar power it is the use of sunlight for heating or generating electricity. Solar energy research and applications have been receiving increasing attention throughout the world as solar energy must play a much greater role in the energy mix in upcoming years. This book examines new research in this frontier field.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe genomic revolution that has spawned microarrays and high throughput technologies has produced vast amounts of complex biological data that require integration and multidimensional analysis. Bioinformatics incorporates sub-disciplines ranging from databases and ontologies to the modelling of complex biological systems by way of molecular evolution and protein structure prediction. This new book provides state-of-the-art research from around the world.

Read more less

Book SynopsisIt is expected that ongoing advances in optics will revolutionise the 21st century as they began doing in the last quarter of the 20th. Such fields as communications, materials science, computing and medicine are leaping forward based on developments in optics. This new series presents leading edge research on optics and lasers from researchers spanning the globe.

Read more less

Book SynopsisNanotechnology is a ''catch-all'' description of activities at the level of atoms and molecules that have applications in the real world. A nanometre is a billionth of a metre, about 1/80,000 of the diameter of a human hair, or 10 times the diameter of a hydrogen atom. Nanotechnology is now used in precision engineering, new materials development as well as in electronics; electromechanical systems as well as mainstream biomedical applications in areas such as gene therapy, drug delivery and novel drug discovery techniques. This book presents the latest research in this frontier field.

Read more less

Book SynopsisMaterials science includes those parts of chemistry and physics that deal with the properties of materials. It encompasses four classes of materials, the study of each of which may be considered a separate field: metals; ceramics; polymers and composites. Materials science is often referred to as materials science and engineering because it has many applications. Industrial applications of materials science include processing techniques (casting, rolling, welding, ion implantation, crystal growth, thin-film deposition, sintering, glassblowing, etc.), analytical techniques (electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, calorimetry, nuclear microscopy (HEFIB) etc.), materials design, and cost/benefit tradeoffs in industrial production of materials. This book presents new research directions in a very new field which happens to be an old field as well.

Read more less

Book SynopsisIt is expected that ongoing advances in optics will revolutionise the 21st century as they began doing in the last quarter of the 20th. Such fields as communications, materials science, computing and medicine are leaping forward based on developments in optics.

Read more less

Book SynopsisNanotechnology is a ''catch-all'' description of activities at the level of atoms and molecules that have applications in the real world. A nanometre is a billionth of a meter, about 1/80,000 of the diameter of a human hair, or 10 times the diameter of a hydrogen atom. Nanotechnology is now used in precision engineering, new materials development as well as in electronics; electromechanical systems as well as mainstream biomedical applications in areas such as gene therapy, drug delivery and novel drug discovery techniques. This book presents the latest research in this frontier field.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book includes within its scope studies of the structural, electrical, optical and acoustical properties of bulk, low-dimensional and amorphous semiconductors; computational semiconductor physics; interface properties, including the physics and chemistry of heterojunctions, metal-semiconductor and insulator-semiconductor junctions; all multi-layered structures involving semiconductor components. Dopant incorporation. Growth and preparation of materials, including both epitaxial (e.g. molecular beam and chemical vapour methods) and bulk techniques; in situ monitoring of epitaxial growth processes, also included are appropriate aspects of surface science such as the influence of growth kinetics and chemical processing on layer and device properties. The physics of semiconductor electronic and optoelectronic devices are examined , including theoretical modelling and experimental demonstration; all aspects of the technology of semiconductor device and circuit fabrication. Relevant areas of ''molecular electronics'' and semiconductor structures incorporating Langmuir- Blodgett films; resists, lithography and metallisation where they are concerned with the definition of small geometry structure. The structural, electrical and optical characterisation of materials and device structures are also included. The scope encompasses materials and device reliability: reliability evaluation of technologies; failure analysis and advanced analysis techniques such as SEM, E-beam, optical emission microscopy, acoustic microscopy techniques; liquid crystal techniques; noise measurement, reliability prediction and simulation; reliability indicators; failure mechanisms, including charge migration, trapping, oxide breakdown, hot carrier effects, electro-migration, stress migration; package- related failure mechanisms; effects of operational and environmental stresses on reliability.

Read more less

Book SynopsisCryptography is the study of methods to transform information from its original comprehensible form into a scrambled incomprehensible form, such that its content can only be disclosed to some qualified persons. In the past, cryptography helped ensure secrecy in important communications, such as those of spies, military leaders, and diplomats. In recent decades, it has expanded in two main ways: firstly, it provides mechanisms for more than just keeping secrets through schemes like digital signatures, digital cash, etc; secondly, cryptography is used by almost all computer users as it is embedded into the infrastructure for computing and telecommunications. Cryptography ensures secure communications through confidentiality, integrity, authenticity and non-repudiation. Cryptography has evolved over the years from Julius Cesar''s cipher, which simply shifts the letters of the words a fixed number of times, to the sophisticated RSA algorithm, which was invented by Ronald L. Rivest, Adi Shamir and Leonard M. Adleman, and the elegant AES cipher (Advanced Encryption Standard), which was invented by Joan Daemen and Vincent Rijmen. The need for fast but secure cryptographic systems is growing bigger. Therefore, dedicated hardware for cryptography is becoming a key issue for designers. With the spread of reconfigurable hardware such as FPGAs, embedded cryptographic hardware became cost-effective. Nevertheless, it is worthy to note that nowadays, even hardwired cryptographic algorithms are not safe. Attacks based on power consumption and electromagnetic Analysis, such as SPA, DPA and EMA have been successfully used to retrieve secret information stored in cryptographic devices. Besides performance in terms of area and throughput, designer of embedded cryptographic hardware must worry about the leakage of their implementations. The content of this book is divided into three main parts, which are focused on new trends in cryptographic hardware, arithmetic and factoring.

Read more less

Book SynopsisPlant biotechnology and renewable resources are the driving forces behind a more sustainable development of agriculture and other related industries in the world. Until the 21st century, the main task for most industries was to raise the volume of production to gain the highest profits possible. Non-renewable natural resources, such as oil, were the most profitable sources of energy. This tendency not only exploited these resources but had harmful side effects: growing environmental pollution and changing the earth into a desert, suitable neither for animals nor human beings. At the beginning of the 21st century, both scientists and "green movements" warn that it is necessary to change this philosophy of economic progress towards a more intensive exploration of renewable resources. Biotechnology is one of the very important and novel tools for obtaining diversified materials on the base of renewable resources. They can serve as a source for production of energy, novel materials, fibres, food, agrofine chemicals and composites. It is believed that diversified possibilities for using natural green resources and their processing can ensure balanced progress without side effects on the earth''s environment. This book presents research on the possibilities of creating progress in the processing of renewable resources within the study of biotechnology.

Read more less

Book SynopsisNanotechnology is a "catch-all" description of activities at the level of atoms and molecules that have applications in the real world. A manometre is a billionth of a meter, about 1/80,000 of the diameter of a human hair, or 10 times the diameter of a hydrogen atom. Nanotechnology is now used in precision engineering, new materials development as well as in electronics; electromechanical systems as well as mainstream biomedical applications in areas such as gene therapy, drug delivery and novel drug discovery techniques. This book presents the latest research in this frontier field.

Read more less

Book SynopsisRobotics began as a science fiction creation which has become quite real, first in assembly line operations such as automobile manufacturing, aeroplane construction etc. They have now reached such areas as the internet, ever-multiplying-medical uses and sophisticated military applications. Control of today''s robots is often remote which requires even more advanced computer vision capabilities as well as sensors and interface techniques. Learning has become crucial for modern robotic systems as well. This book brings together leading research in this exciting field.

Read more less

Book SynopsisNanotechnology is a ''catch-all'' description of activities at the level of atoms and molecules that have applications in the real world. A nanometer is a billionth of a meter, about 1/80,000 of the diameter of a human hair, or 10 times the diameter of a hydrogen atom. Nanotechnology is now used in precision engineering, new materials development as well as in electronics; electromechanical systems as well as mainstream biomedical applications in areas such as gene therapy, drug delivery and novel drug discovery techniques. This book presents the latest research in this frontier field.

Read more less