Solar system: the Sun and planets Books

Book SynopsisAll magnetized planets in our solar system interact strongly with the solar wind and possess well developed magneto tails. This book includes a discussion of why a magnetotail is a fundamental issue in magneto spheric physics. It is a collection of tutorials that cover a large range of magneto tails in our solar system; and more.Table of ContentsContributors vii PrefaceAndreas Keiling, Caitríona Jackman, and Peter Delamereix Section I: Introduction 1 Magnetotail: Unsolved Fundamental Problem of Magnetospheric PhysicsVytenis M Vasyliūnas 3 Section II: Tutorials 2 Mercury’s MagnetotailT Sundberg and J A Slavin 23 3 Magnetotails of Mars and VenusE Dubinin and M Fraenz 43 4 Earth’s MagnetotailRobert L McPherron 61 5 Jupiter’s MagnetotailNorbert Krupp , Elena Kronberg , and Aikaterini Radioti 85 6 Saturn’s MagnetotailCaitríona M Jackman 99 7 Magnetotails of Uranus and NeptuneC S Arridge 119 8 Satellite MagnetotailsXianzhe Jia 135 9 Moon’s Plasma WakeJ S Halekas, D A Brain and M Holmström 149 10 Physics of Cometary MagnetospheresTamas I Gombosi 169 11 HeliotailDavid J McComas 189 Section III: Specialized Topics 12 Formation of Magnetotails: Fast and Slow Rotators ComparedD J Southwood 199 13 Solar Wind Interaction with Giant Magnetospheres and Earth’s MagnetosphereP A Delamere 217 14 Solar Wind Entry Into and Transport Within Planetary MagnetotailsSimon Wing and Jay R Johnson 235 15 Magnetic Reconnection in Different Environments: Similarities and DifferencesMichael Hesse, Nicolas Aunai, Masha Kuznetsova, Seiji Zenitani, and Joachim Birn 259 16 Origin and Evolution of Plasmoids and Flux Ropes in the Magnetotails of Earth and MarsJ P Eastwood and S A Kiehas 269 17 Current Sheets Formation in Planetary MagnetotailAntonius Otto, Min-Shiu Hsieh, and Fred Hall IV 289 18 Substorms: Plasma and Magnetic Flux Transport from Magnetic Tail into MagnetosphereGerhard Haerendel 307 19 Injection, Interchange, and Reconnection: Energetic Particle Observations in Saturn’s MagnetosphereD G Mitchell, P C Brandt, J F Carbary, W S Kurth, S M Krimigis, C Paranicas, Norbert Krupp, D C Hamilton, B H Mauk, G B Hospodarsky, M K Dougherty, and W R Pryor 327 20 Radiation Belt Electron Acceleration and Role of MagnetotailGeoffrey D Reeves 345 21 Substorm Current Wedge at Earth and MercuryL Kepko, K-H Glassmeier, J A Slavin, and T Sundberg 361 22 Review of Global Simulation Studies of Effect of Ionospheric Outflow on Magnetosphere-Ionosphere System DynamicsM Wiltberger 373 Index 393

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Book SynopsisSpace Pharmacology is a review of the current knowledge regarding the use of pharmaceuticals during spaceflights. Every section begins with a topic overview, and is followed by a discussion of published data from spaceflight, and from ground experiments meant to model the spaceflight situation.Table of ContentsChapter 1: Introduction.- Chapter 2: Absorption.- Chapter 3: Distribution.- Chapter 4: Metabolism and Excretion.- Chapter 5: Central Nervous System.- Chapter 6: Cardiovascular System.- Chapter 7: Gastrointestinal System.- Chapter 8: Musculoskeletal System.- Chapter 9: Multiple Systems Spaceflight Effects.- Chapter 10: Conclusions - Special Challenges of Long Duration Exploration.- References.- Abbreviations.

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Book SynopsisAs one of the five planets that can be seen in the night sky without the aid of a telescope, Mars has been a source of fascination for millennia. What is it about this dusty, dry world that has captured our imaginations so completely? Astronomer Patricia Skelton investigates our relationship with Mars, beginning with the earliest observations and the curious conundrums they generated and ending with our ambitious plans for future space missions. She explores how the Red Planet helped solve the mysteries of planetary motion, sparked furious debates about the possibilities of other life in the Solar System, became an early target of space exploration and has since been a testing ground for remarkable new technologies. Over the past 60 years, Mars has played host to a succession of spacecraft, landers and rovers that continue to expand our knowledge and have also inspired us to venture further. As we look to the future, how long will it be before astronauts join them on the distant planet's surface?

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Book SynopsisMoons come, quite literally, in all shapes and sizes. Our Moon is just one of more than 200 moons in the Solar System that we've identified so far. Scientists have discovered moons made of rock, others of ice. There are moons with atmospheres or with oceans hidden beneath their surfaces, and even some with active volcanoes. Others could perhaps be suitable for life! Astronomer Anna Gammon-Ross of Royal Observatory Greenwich travels through the Solar System, hopping from one moon to the next, to discover not only what these natural satellites have in common, but also what makes each one unique. Learn about the moons that can be found in and around Saturn's rings (and the many others we suspect there could be), the objects orbiting the distant dwarf planets and the curious theory of moon-moons.

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Book SynopsisThis is just the resource you need to get middle schoolers ready for August 21, 2017—the day when millions of North Americans will have the rare chance to witness a total solar eclipse. But the book’s usefulness won’t end when the eclipse does! Solar Science offers more than three dozen hands-on, inquiry-based activities on many fascinating aspects of solar astronomy. The activities cover the Sun’s motions, space weather caused by the Sun, the measuring of time and seasons in our daily lives, and much more.The authors are award-winning experts in both astronomy and science education, so they know how to prompt students to work like scientists by asking questions, doing experiments, comparing notes, and refining and reporting results. They also know you have to make the most of every instructional minute. The book contains plenty of ideas for related writing projects; grade-appropriate math examples; and connections to music, art, fiction, and history. It’s also aligned with the three-dimensional learning encouraged by the Next Generation Science Standards and connects to the Common Core State Standards.Solar Science is ideal for teachers, informal science educators, youth group leaders, curriculum specialists, and teacher trainers. You can use these versatile activities one at a time, as the basis of a stand-alone unit on the Sun, or as a comprehensive curriculum. You get to determine the best way for your students to learn a lot while having fun with the Sun.

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Book SynopsisThis book offers a tour of the known galaxy, here defined as the region of interstellar space closest to Earth. The phrase the known galaxy has a particular resonance in science fiction, as it refers to the part of the Milky Way that from the perspective of a point in time centuries from now may have been explored and settled by human beings. In the known galaxy, there are gloomy ocean worlds illuminated by the light of exploding stars. There are worlds where precious gems could be as common as pebbles. There are planets eternally wandering between the stars like the Flying Dutchman. There are lava worlds, steam worlds, hot Jupiters, cold Jupiters and maybe even worlds like our Earth. The purpose of the book is to begin to give this region a sense of place, in the same way that Mars is now starting to be appreciated as a location rather than just a planet. In doing so, the book merges our current scientific knowledge of the known galaxy with speculative fiction and with older legends and myths. A sense of place is the feeling that some locations have a special meaning. This emotional connection arises from a combination of cultural and environmental factors that make individuals care about a particular place. It is challenging to create a sense of place for distant locations that no human has visited and for which our current knowledge is limited. This book attempts to take a step in this direction, by dividing the known galaxy into a number of clearly described distinct regions, by providing scientific descriptions of the likely environmental conditions on the known planets of these regions, and by linking these planets to their literary and mythological context. The book is aimed at fans of both science fact and science fiction. It combines a tour of real planets outside of our solar system with tales of their fictional counterparts. The combination of solid scientific facts and analysis with speculation and imagination will be appealing to readers who want to gain a feeling for these planets as places with a back story, rather than just as names somewhere out there in the sky.

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Book SynopsisThis didactic book uses a data-driven approach to connect measurements made by plasma instruments to the real world. This approach makes full use of the instruments’ capability and examines the data at the most detailed level an experiment can provide. Students using this approach will learn what instruments can measure, and working with real-world data will pave their way to models consistent with these observations. While conceived as a teaching tool, the book contains a considerable amount of new information. It emphasizes recent results, such as particle measurements made from the Cluster ion experiment, explores the consequences of new discoveries, and evaluates new trends or techniques in the field. At the same time, the author ensures that the physical concepts used to interpret the data are general and widely applicable. The topics included help readers understand basic problems fundamental to space plasma physics. Some are appearing for the first time in a space physics textbook. Others present different perspectives and interpretations of old problems and models that were previously considered incontestable. This book is essential reading for graduate students in space plasma physics, and a useful reference for the broader astrophysics community. Table of Contents1 Basic Equations and Concepts 11.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.2 Fundamental Equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.3 Statistical Equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41.4 Electric and Magnetic Field in Space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71.5 Transformation of E and B Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111.6 Macroscopic Equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181.7 Plasma Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221.8 Examples of Plasma Distributions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311.9 Concluding Remarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 342 Charged Particle Acceleration 392.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 392.2 Motion in Uniform E and B Field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 402.3 E ⇥ B Acceleration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 452.4 Motion in Inhomogeneous Magnetic Field . . . . . . . . . . . . . 572.5 Other Particle Acceleration Mechanisms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 632.6 Waves and Wave-Particle Interaction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 682.7 Cyclotron Resonance Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 722.8 Concluding Remarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 783 Escaping Solar Particles 813.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 813.2 Observations of Solar Wind Ions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 833.3 Observations of Solar Wind Electrons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 913.4 Solar Wind Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 963.5 Kinetic Models of the SW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 993.6 Heuristic Interpretation of the Solar Wind . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1043.7 Electrostatic Solitary Waves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1083.8 Concluding Remarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1104 Collisionless Shocks 1174.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1174.2 Observations of Earth’s Bow Shock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1194.3 Entropy Across Earth’s Bow Shock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1254.4 ICME Shock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1334.5 Nonlinear Structures Upstream of Bow Shock . . . . . . . . . . . 1404.6 Growth of Nonlinear Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1584.7 Acceleration of Particles at the Bow Shock . . . . . . . . . . . . 1614.8 Concluding Remarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1655 Current Sheets and Boundaries 1835.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1835.2 Magnetic Reconnection on Earth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1845.3 SW Entry into Magnetosphere through Cusps . . . . . . . . . . . 1915.4 Particle Motions in Magnetic Neutral Regions . . . . . . . . . . . 1985.5 Kinetic Models of Current Sheets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2045.6 Kinetic Equations for Boundaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2085.7 Tearing Mode Instability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2145.8 Concluding Remarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2186 Current and Electric Field 2256.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2256.2 Observations of Electron and Ion Beams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2266.3 Motion Parallel to E and B Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2316.4 Electric Potential . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2366.5 A Model of Double Layer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2466.6 Currents in the Magnetosphere and Ionosphere . . . . . . . . . . 2516.7 Ring Current in Magnetospheres . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2566.8 Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2646.9 Auroral Kilometric Radiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2726.10 Concluding Remarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2757 Topics for Further Studies 2817.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2817.2 Large-scale Current Structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2817.3 Heating Space Plasmas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2847.4 Boltzmann Collisional Term (@f/@t)c . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2867.5 Runaway Electrons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2927.6 Collective Interactions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295

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Book SynopsisChapter 1 briefly describes the main properties of space plasmas and primary CR. Chapter 2 considers the problem of CR propagation in space plasmas described by the kinetic equation and different types of diffusion approximations. Chapter 3 is devoted to CR non-linear effects in space plasmas caused by CR pressure and CR kinetic stream instabilities with the generation of Alfvèn turbulence. In Chapter 4 different processes of CR acceleration in space plasmas are considered. The book ends with a list providing more than 1,300 full references, a discussion on future developments and unsolved problems, as well as Object and Author indexes.Table of ContentsCONTENTS Preface xxi Acknowledgments xxvii Frequently used Abbreviations and Notations xxix Chapter 1. Cosmic Ray Interactions in Space Plasmas 1 1.1. Main properties of space plasma 1 1.1.1. Neutrality of space plasma and Debay radius 1 1.1.2. Conductivity and magnetic viscosity of space plasma 1 1.1.3. The time of magnetic fields dissipation; frozen magnetic fields 1 1.1.4. Transport path of ions in space plasma 2 1.1.5. Space plasma as excited magneto-turbulent plasma 2 1.1.6. Main channels of energy transformation in space plasma 2 1.1.7. Particle acceleration in space plasma and the second fundamental low of thermodynamics 3 1.2. Main properties and origin of CR 4 1.2.1. Internal and external CR of different origin 4 1.2.2. On the main properties of primary and secondary CR 4 1.2.3. Five intervals in the observed CR energy spectrum 5 1.2.4. Main CR properties and origin of CR in the interval 1 7 1.2.5. The anisotropy in energy intervals 1 and 2 7 1.2.6. Relationships between the observed CR spectrum, the anisotropy, the relative content of the daughter nuclei, and the transport scattering path 9 1.2.7. Chemical composition in the range and the expected dependence of and on 11 1.2.8. Chemical composition in the energy range and the nature of the scattering elements in the Galaxy 11 1.2.9. The nature of the energy boundary between intervals 3 and 2 12 1.2.10. The mode of the dependence of L on particle rigidity R from solar modulation data of protons, electrons, and nuclei with various Z 13 1.2.11. The dependence of L on from data of solar CR propagation 15 1.2.12. The features of the solar modulation of the CR spectrum and the measurements of the radial gradient 16 1.2.13. The nature of the CR in energyintervals 3 - 5 16 1.3. Nuclear interactions of CR with space plasma matter 16 1.3.1. Cross sections, paths for absorption, and life time of CR particles relative to nuclear interactions in space plasma 16 1.3.2. CR fragmentation in space plasma 17 1.3.3. Expected fluxes of secondary electrons, positrons, g - quanta, and neutrinos 19 1.3.4. Expected fluxes of secondary protons and antiprotons 22 1.4. CR absorption by solid state matter (stars, planets, asteroids, meteorites, dust) and secondary CR albedo 22 1.5. CR interactions with electrons of space plasma and ionization losses 23 1.5.1. Ionization energy losses by CR nuclei during propagation in the space 23 1.5.2. Ionization and bremsstrahlung losses for CR electrons 25 1.6. CR interactions with photons in space 26 1.6.1. Interactions of CR nucleus with space photons 26 1.6.2. CR electron interactions with the photon field 27 1.7. Energy variations of CR particles in their interactions with magnetic fields 27 1.7.1. Synchrotron losses of energy by CR particles in magnetic fields 27 1.7.2. Acceleration and deceleration of particles in their interactions with moving magnetic fields 29 1.8. CR particle motion in magnetic fields; scattering by magnetic inhomogeneities 30 1.8.1. CR particle motion in the regular magnetic fields frozen into moving plasma formations 30 1.8.2. CR particle moving in essentially inhomogeneous magnetized plasma 31 1.8.3. Two-dimensional model of CR particle scattering by magnetic inhomogeneities of type 32 1.8.4. Scattering by cylindrical fibers with homogeneous field 32 1.8.5. Scattering by cylindrical fibers with field of type 33 1.8.6. Three-dimensional model of scattering by inhomogeneities of the type against the background of general field 35 1.9. The transport path o

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Book SynopsisOver the last decade the physics of black holes has been revolutionized by developments that grew out of Jacob Bekenstein's realization that black holes have entropy. Stephen Hawking raised profound issues concerning the loss of information in black hole evaporation and the consistency of quantum mechanics in a world with gravity. For two decades these questions puzzled theoretical physicists and eventually led to a revolution in the way we think about space, time, matter and information. This revolution has culminated in a remarkable principle called “The Holographic Principle”, which is now a major focus of attention in gravitational research, quantum field theory and elementary particle physics. Leonard Susskind, one of the co-inventors of the Holographic Principle as well as one of the founders of String theory, develops and explains these concepts.

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Book SynopsisIllustrations.- Author's Preface.- Acknowledgements.- Foreword.- Chapter 1: Apollo - an extraordinary adventure.- Chapter 2: The Apollo Flights - a brief history.- Chapter 3: Launch - a fiery departure.- Chapter 4: Earth orbit and TLI.- Chapter 5: Retrieving the lander.- Chapter 6: Navigating to the Moon.- Chapter 7: Coasting to the Moon.- Chapter 8:Entering lunar orbit - the LOI manoeuvre.- Chapter 9: Preparation for landing.- Chapter 10: Next stop - the Moon.- Chapter 11: Down in the dust.- Chapter 12: Exploration at its greatest.- Chapter 13: Rendezvous and docking.- Chapter 14: Heading for home.- Chapter 15: Re-entry.- Epilogue.- Glossary.- Appendix 1: Computer programs.- Appendix 2: Mission data.- Further reading.- Index.Trade ReviewFrom the reviews of the second edition:“This book was written for those … to learn without the prerequisite degree in aeronautics. … Due to the high level of detail that is paid to virtually all aspects of Apollo, this book is well worth the price and should be considered a must have for space aficionados. … There are additional stories of Apollo’s engineering triumphs both on the surface of the Moon as well as in flight, much of which reflects my continuing journey into the technical achievement that was Apollo.” (Jason Rhian, Aviation Week, March, 2011)“How Apollo Flew to the Moon is the consummate technical narrative about the Apollo lunar program for the nontechnical reader. … for those who have a long-held interest in the Apollo program and always wondered how things worked this is a treasure trove. … is not only a fun and accessible tech-read but also a very valuable reference book, where you will find detail and minutia that is difficult to find anywhere else. … no comparable work which is so accessible or rewarding to read.” (Rod Pyle, Quest, Vol. 19 (3), 2012)Table of ContentsIllustrations.- Author's Preface.- Acknowledgements.- Foreword.- Chapter 1: Apollo - an extraordinary adventure.- Chapter 2: The Apollo Flights - a brief history.- Chapter 3: Launch - a fiery departure.- Chapter 4: Earth orbit and TLI.- Chapter 5: Retrieving the lander.- Chapter 6: Navigating to the Moon.- Chapter 7: Coasting to the Moon.- Chapter 8: Entering lunar orbit - the LOI manoeuvre.- Chapter 9: Preparation for landing.- Chapter 10: Next stop - the Moon.- Chapter 11: Down in the dust.- Chapter 12: Exploration at its greatest.- Chapter 13: Rendezvous and docking.- Chapter 14: Heading for home.- Chapter 15: Re-entry.- Epilogue.- Glossary.- Appendix 1: Computer programs.- Appendix 2: Mission data.- Further reading.- Index.

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Book SynopsisBonnie J. Buratti, a senior planetary astronomer, leads a personal tour of NASA's latest Solar System discoveries. She gives vivid descriptions of landforms and processes, similar to but more fantastic than those found on Earth. This engaging account of modern space exploration is written for non-specialist readers of high-school age and beyond.Trade Review'This book is a delight … The narrative is, throughout, engaging. We, her readers, can be grateful.' G. T. Dempsey, GeoLounge (www.geolounge.com)'This engaging account of modern space exploration is written for non-specialist readers, from students in high school to enthusiasts of all ages.' Lunar and Planetary Information Bulletin'As befits a scientist who grew up under the tutelage of Carl Sagan, the author's devotion to educational outreach is made clear throughout, as she endeavours to communicate to the next generation of students the wonder and joy of science and the enterprise of discovery. … The text is clearly written and accessible to anyone with a modicum of scientific education. There are numerous black-and-white illustrations, some of which are also reproduced in a separate colour section. This enjoyable account achieves its objective of informing the lay reader about 'the final frontier', and it may well encourage some up-and-coming scientists to delve deeper into the secrets of distant worlds.' Peter Bond, The ObservatoryTable of ContentsIntroduction; 1. Mercury: the hottest little place; 2. Venus: an even hotter place; 3. Mars: the abode of life?; 4. Asteroids and comets: sweat the small stuff; 5. Galileo's treasures: worlds of fire and ice; 6. Enceladus: an active iceball in space; 7. Titan: an Earth in deep freeze?; 8. Iapetus and its friends: the weirdest 'planets' in the Solar System; 9. Pluto: the first view of the 'third zone'; 10. Earths above: the search for exoplanets and life in the universe; Epilogue; Glossary; Acknowledgements; Index.

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Book SynopsisWhen Nicolaus Copernicus claimed that the Earth was not stationary at the centre of the universe but circled the Sun, he brought about a total revolution in the sciences and consternation in the Church.Copernicus' theory demanded a new physics to explain motion and force, a new theory of space, and a completely new conception of the nature of our universe. He also showed for the first time that a common-sense view of things isn't necessarily correct, and that mathematics can and does reveal the true nature of the material world. As John Henry reveals, from his idea of a swiftly moving Earth Copernicus sowed the seed from which science has grown to be a dominant aspect of modern culture, fundamental in shaping our understanding of the workings of the cosmos.Trade Review'Contains a wealth of detail . an ideal introduction to Copernicus' * Morning Star *

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Book SynopsisOn the centenary of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics, this book reviews the state-of-the-art research in geomagnetism, aeronomy and space weather. Written by eminent researchers from these fields, it summarises the advances in research over the past 100 years, and looks ahead to current and emerging studies on Earth''s magnetic field. It provides a comprehensive overview of the generation of Earth''s magnetic field, its history and its response to external forces. Starting at the centre of the Earth, the reader is taken on a journey from the interior core and mantle, through the upper atmosphere and magnetosphere, before reaching the Sun''s atmosphere and corona. The applications of this research are also discussed, particularly the societal impact of solar activity on critical infrastructures in our increasingly technologically dependant society. This book provides a valuable resource and reference to academic researchers and students in geomagnetism and aeronomy.Trade Review'This impressive book, published in conjunction with the 100th anniversary of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), was commissioned by the International Association of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy, one of eight constituent bodies within IUGG. The goal of the project was to provide a thorough review of current knowledge and research in the fields, considering their contribution to our understanding of the earth and inter­planetary space and the effects magnetic field variations have on our technological society. It will undoubtedly be an essential reference for researchers and advanced students in these fields for many years.' William Green, The Leading EdgeTable of ContentsPart I. Introduction: 1. Objectives of geomagnetic and aeronomy studies David Kerridge; 2. Why study the geomagnetic field? Steven Constable, Rob Van der Voo, Trond Torsvik, Harald Böhnel, Jacques Zlotnicki, Malcolm J. S. Johnston, Yoichi Sasai, Jean-Louis LeMouёl, Mangalathayil Ali Abdu, David Boteler and Jean-Pierre Valet; 3. Major scientific contributions of the International Association of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy (IAGA) during the past 100 years Ed Cliver and Eduard Petrovsky; Part II. Geomagnetic Field: Sources and Observations: 4. Geomagnetic field sources – from Earth's core to the sun Daniel Baker; 5. Can paleomagnetism distinguish dynamo regimes? Stuart Gilder and Florian Lhuillier; 6. Geomagnetic and electromagnetic observations at ground level Arnaud Chulliat, Ute Weckmann, Oliver Ritter, Stuart Gilder, Michael Wack, Elena Kronberg and Ameya Prabhu; 7. Modelling internal and external geomagnetic fields using satellite data Ingo Wardinski and Erwan Thébault; 8. New insights in far space measurements: large-scale structures and processes in the solar wind and terrestrial magnetosphere Aurelie Marchaudon; Part III. Spatial and Temporal Variations of the Geomagnetic Field: 9. Insights from forward and inverse core field models Nicolas Gillet; 10. The global lithospheric magnetic field: world magnetic anomaly maps and models Vincent Lesur and Erwan Thébault; 11. The ionospheric field Robert Strangeway, Nanan Balan, Robert Clauer and Yusuke Ebihara; 12. The magnetosphere Stephen Fuselier, Robert McPherron, Daniel Baker, Craig Kletzing, Craig Kletzing and Viviane Pierrand; 13. Temporal field variations Catherine Constable, Ian Mann, Louis G. Ozeke, Alex Degeling, Kyle R. Murphy, Robert Rankin and Colin Waters; Part IV. Space Weather: 14. Physical processes of space weather Bogdan Hnat and Robert McPherron; 15. Space weather effects in the ionosphere, thermosphere and at Earth's surface Ian Mann, Hermann Lühr and Ari Viljanen; 16. Technological impacts of space weather Michael Hapgood; Part V. Magnetic Fields Beyond the Earth and Beyond Today: 17. Magnetic field evolution in terrestrial bodies from planetesimals to exoplanets Doris Breuer; 18. Solar variability: causes, current understanding, prospects for the future Andre Balogh; 19. Long and short geomagnetic prediction Weijia Kuang, Andrew Tangborn, Terence Sabaka and Robert Tyler; Index.

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Book SynopsisDespite a resurgence in popularity, horoscopes are generally considered to be pseudoscience today - but they were once a cutting-edge scientific tool. In this ingenious work of history, data scientist Alexander Boxer examines a treasure trove of esoteric classical sources to expose the deep imaginative framework by which - for millennia - we made sense of our fates. Astrology, he argues, was the ancient world's most ambitious applied mathematics problem, a grand data-analysis enterprise sustained by some of history's most brilliant minds, from Ptolemy to al-Kindi to Kepler. A Scheme of Heaven explores the wonderful subtleties of astrological ideas. Telling the stories of their inventors and most influential exponents, Boxer puts them through their paces using modern data sets - finding that the methods of today's scientists are often uncomfortably close to those of astrology's ancient sages.Trade ReviewWith Boxer's thought-provoking offering of playful experiments and vibrant historical anecdotes, A Scheme of Heaven will entice even the most ardent sceptic. -- Madeleine Pollard * FT *Unusual and refreshing ... Boxer's work is far from a rehabilitation of the 'wretched science'. He takes it for granted that, in a strict and contemporary sense, astrology is bullshit. From there, he proceeds to draw out the impressive conceptual and psychological legacy of astrology in modern scientific thinking. He suggests - without ever labouring the point - that we may wish to keep an eye on whether other more respectable modern sciences, data science in particular, may also sometimes incline towards bullshit. But just as important, in Boxer's hands astrology is a playground. Whether he is recreating ancient star charts or performing statistical tests on astrological claims, he does it because it's fun -- Claire Hall * LRB *Enthusiastic, level-headed and with a good turn of phrase, [Boxer] leads his readers on an exhilarating trajectory. -- Andrew Lycett * Mail on Sunday *Boxer takes a lively, non-judgemental approach in this intellectual history, tracing astrology back to its beginnings in ancient Egypt to its modern day renaissance, taking in 'astrosexuality', Henry VIII's birth horoscope, personality traits and new-age thinkers along the way. Essential reading for anyone interested in going beyond their horoscope. -- Francesca Carington * Tatler *Wide-ranging and full of peculiar nuggets of information ... This is a book about a very human aspect of astrology - our desire to understand our fate - and its history, as well as the fallibility of data analysis, which is often far more subjective than it might seem at first glance. -- Fiona Lensvelt * Times *A delightful and utterly fascinating work of intellectual history. -- Joshua Foer, author of Moonwalking with EinsteinThrough striking diagrams and accessible explanations, Boxer shows us the impressive range of technology the ancients developed for tapping into astrology's predictive powers. This book demonstrates how impactful astrology is in everyday life-not through the influence of the stars, but rather through the deep scientific and cultural legacy that it so richly explores. -- Janelle Shane, author of You Look Like A Thing and I Love Youa masterful synthesis-science, history, legends, literature, and an eye-opening exploration of the human penchant for pattern recognition. The book is full of wit and refreshing insight. I'll never look at a horoscope-or the night sky-in quite the same way again. -- David Baron, author of American EclipseBoxer is a champion of intrepid thought. His learned book demonstrates how much we stand to gain by studying topics that just may be a little bit true. And a little truth, as Boxer shows, can change everything. -- Mitch Horowitz, PEN Award-winning author of Occult AmericaA fresh and original introduction to astrology's long history and deep cultural reach. Open and inquisitive, Boxer combines the critical perspective of a modern data scientist with a historian's sympathetic eye for telling detail. The result is a vivid and unique delight -- Stephen Johnston, University of OxfordEducated in both the humanities and the sciences, Boxer is uniquely qualified to guide his readers into a fascinating story of mathematical complexity. The overarching theme of our human destiny is inspirational. -- Norman Austin, Emeritus Professor of Classics, University of ArizonaAstrologers as the first and most ambitious quants and data scientists? Alexander Boxer's remarkable book reveals astrology's mathematical, scientific, historical, philosophical, and literary roots. He shows that astrology is not only an indispensable part of science history, but also springs from the same mixture of motives: the desire to control the world and to wonder about it. -- Robert P. Crease, author of The Workshop and the WorldA Scheme of Heaven is wide-ranging and full of peculiar nuggets of information ... This is a book about a very human aspect of astrology - our desire to understand our fate - and its history, as well as the fallibility of data analysis, which is often far more subjective than it might seem at first glance. -- Fiona Lensvelt * the Times *A Scheme of Heaven will make you fall in love with astrology, even as it extinguishes any niggling suspicion that it might actually work -- Simon Ings * Spectator *Fascinating ... his entertaining book explains fallacies that have given astrology unmerited credibility ... he also reveals how equivalent sloppiness may distort data science today. -- Jonathon Keats * New Scientist *

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Book SynopsisTwo leading astrophysicists provide an engaging account of our quest for habitable environments. Starting from basic concepts, they recount fascinating recent discoveries and provide insight into future space missions. An exciting, informative read for anyone interested in the search for life, and for students in astrobiology, planetary science and astronomy.Trade Review'A thorough tour of the possible abodes of life elsewhere in the cosmos, Life Beyond Earth unifies the study of planets in a way that should be more common but is still rare. Coustenis and Encrenaz provide a clear and engaging exposition of planetary habitability, giving an authoritative picture of the wealth of information that we have on planets and the engaging mysteries that remain unsolved.' Jonathan I. Lunine, Director, Center for Radiophysics and Space Research, Cornell University, and author of Earth: Evolution of a Habitable Planet'A lot is happening in planetary science just now, with in-depth exploration of our solar system underway, and announcements of the discovery and characterisation of new worlds around other stars happening nearly every week. This new book, by two of the world's top planetary astronomers, describes the state-of-play in accessible but authoritative terms, with an exciting focus on the habitability of remote environments and the prospects for finding life beyond Earth.' Fred Taylor, Emeritus Halley Professor of Physics, University of Oxford'A delightful introduction to the wonderful world of astrobiology and the ongoing search for extraterrestrial life! Along with their recognised expertise in planetary science and astrophysics, the authors also exhibit a thorough understanding of the nature of life and of the techniques that are being used to try to detect it. This search will keep us busy for the next few generations.' James Kasting, Pennsylvania State University'There's no scientific question more interesting than whether the life that carpets Earth is some sort of miracle, or merely an unremarkable example of a common, cosmic phenomenon. This book engagingly describes many fascinating missions and discoveries, explaining why today's researchers think there's something alive out there, and how they hope to find it.' Seth Shostak, Senior Astronomer, SETI Institute, USA'… [a] packed primer.' Nature'It's hard to think of a better primer for anyone with an interest in the prospects for life in the universe.' BBC Sky at Night'Thorough and entertaining …' New Scientist'Both eminent researchers in the fields of astrophysics and planetary science (the authors) here train their considerable and passion on the quest for extraterrestrial life.' The Times Higher Education Supplement'Excellent and eye-opening …' Fortean Times'The question of life provides a compelling framework for the discussion. It's also of course one we often get from students and visitors. Can it exist elsewhere in the cosmos? What does contemporary astronomy research say? Encrenaz and Coustenis provide a rigorous though accessible introduction to the biochemical nature of terrestrial life and use this as a lens to examine the rest of the universe. … the authors do a great job of explaining why these results will be so compelling for these overarching questions.' Stephen Case, PlanetarianTable of ContentsPreface; 1. Introduction; 2. What is life and where can it exist?; 3. Terrestrial planets and their diverging evolutions; 4. Searching for habitable sites in the outer Solar System; 5. A revolution in astronomy: the exploration of extrasolar planets; 6. Extraterrestrial inhabited sites in the future; Further reading; References; Index.

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Book SynopsisPlanetary rings are among the most intriguing structures of our solar system and have fascinated generations of astronomers. Collating emerging knowledge in the field, this volume reviews our current understanding of ring systems with reference to the rings of Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, and more. Written by leading experts, the history of ring research and the basics of ringparticle orbits is followed by a review of the known planetary ring systems. All aspects of ring system science are described in detail, including specific dynamical processes, types of structures, thermal properties and their origins, and investigations using computer simulations and laboratory experiments. The concluding chapters discuss the prospects of future missions to planetary rings, the ways in which ring science informs and is informed by the study of other astrophysical disks, and a perspective on the field''s future. Researchers of all levels will benefit from this thorough and engaging presentation.Trade Review'… the book under review is a worthy and fitting update. It is a collection of 21 reviewed articles, written by the experts in the field. All are superbly illustrated and referenced. … This book is a tour de force which emphasizes the fact that not only are planetary rings one of the most beautiful phenomena in our subject they are also one of the most physically and dynamically challenging. … As with many planetary objects, we now know a lot but there is still a huge amount to find out. This book is a great encouragement to those starting out on the investigation.' David W. Hughes, The Observatory: A Review of AstronomyTable of Contents1. Space age studies of planetary rings L. W. Esposito and M. de Stefano; 2. An introduction to planetary ring dynamics M. M Hedman; 3. The rings of Saturn J. N. Cuzzi, G. Filacchione and E. A. Marouf; 4. The rings of Uranus P. D. Nicholson, I. De Pater, R. G. French and M. R. Showalter; 5. The rings of Neptune I. De Pater, S. Renner, M. R. Showalter and B. Sicardy; 6. The rings of Jupiter I. De Pater, D. P. Hamilton, M. R. Showalter, H. B. Throop and J. A. Burns; 7. Rings beyond the giant planets B. Sicardy, M. El Moutamid, A. C. Quillen, P. M. Schenk, M. R. Showalter and K. Walsh; 8. Moonlets in dense planetary rings F. Spahn, H. Hoffmann, H. Rein, M. Seiss, M. Sremcevic and M. S. Tiscareno; 9. Meteoroid bombardment and ballistic transport in planetary rings P. R. Estrada, R. H. Durisen and H. N. Latter; 10. Theory of narrow rings and sharp edges P.-Y. Longaretti; 11. Narrow rings, gaps, and sharp edges P. D. Nicholson, R. G. French and J. N. Spitale; 12. Dusty rings M. M. Hedman, F. Postberg, D. P. Hamilton, S. Renner and H.-W. Hsu; 13. The F ring of Saturn C. D. Murray and R. S. French; 14. Plasma, neutral atmosphere, and energetic radiation environments of planetary rings J. F. Cooper, R. E. Johnson, P. Kollmann, E. Roussos and E. C. Sittler; 15. Thermal properties of rings and ring particles L. J. Spilker, C. Ferrari, N. Altobelli, S. Pilorz and R. Morishima; 16. Computer simulations of planetary rings H. Salo, K. Ohtsuki and M. C. Lewis; 17. Laboratory studies of planetary ring systems J. E. Colwell, J. Blum, R. N. Clark, S. Kempf and R. M. Nelson; 18. The origin of planetary ring systems S. Charnoz, R. M. Canup, A. Crida and L. Dones; 19. Future missions to planetary rings T. R. Spilker; 20. Planetary rings and other astrophysical disks H. N. Latter, G. I. Ogilvie and H. Rein; 21. The future of planetary rings studies M. S. Tiscareno and C. D. Murray.

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Book SynopsisAsteroids are the small, usually rocky, bodies that reside primarily in a belt between Mars and Jupiter. Individually, and as a population, they carry the signatures of the evolutionary processes that gave birth to the Solar System and shaped our planetary neighbourhood, as well as informing us about processes on broader scales and deeper cosmic times. The main asteroid belt is a lively place where the physical, rotational and orbital properties of asteroids are governed by a complicated interplay of collisions, planetary resonances, radiation forces, and the formation and fission of secondary bodies. The proceedings of IAU Symposium 318 are organised around the following core themes: origins, collisional evolution, orbital evolution, rotational evolution, and evolutional coupling. Together the contributions highlight the ongoing, exciting challenges for graduate students and researchers in this diverse field of study.Table of Contents1. Origins; 2. Asteroid families; 3. Binary asteroids; 4. Main-belt connections; 5. Activated asteroids; 6. Physical properties; 7. Impact hazard; 8. Trajectory problems; 9. Facilities.

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Book SynopsisHow do planetary scientists analyze and interpret data from laboratory, telescopic, and spacecraft observations of planetary surfaces? What elements, minerals, and volatiles are found on the surfaces of our Solar System''s planets, moons, asteroids, and comets? This comprehensive volume answers these topical questions by providing an overview of the theory and techniques of remote compositional analysis of planetary surfaces. Bringing together eminent researchers in Solar System exploration, it describes state-of-the-art results from spectroscopic, mineralogical, and geochemical techniques used to analyze the surfaces of planets, moons, and small bodies. The book introduces the methodology and theoretical background of each technique, and presents the latest advances in space exploration, telescopic and laboratory instrumentation, and major new work in theoretical studies. This engaging volume provides a comprehensive reference on planetary surface composition and mineralogy for advancTrade Review'… provides a thoroughly updated entry point to the field, covering the techniques used on missions from Mercury to Pluto and almost everywhere in between … Researchers will appreciate the copious end-of-chapter references (chapter 3 alone provides 132 citations). Though the density of information may be intimidating to novices, libraries supporting graduate astronomy programs should certainly acquire this book.' S. G. Decker, ChoiceTable of ContentsPart I. Theory of Remote Compositional Analysis Techniques and Laboratory Measurements: 1. Electronic spectra of minerals in the visible and near-infrared regions; 2. Theory of reflectance and emittance spectroscopy of geologic materials in the visible and infrared regions; 3. Mid-IR (thermal) emission and reflectance spectroscopy: laboratory spectra of geologic materials; 4. Visible and near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy: laboratory spectra of geologic materials; 5. Visible and infrared spectroscopy of ices, volatiles and organics; 6. Raman spectroscopy: theory and laboratory spectra of geologic materials; 7. Mössbauer spectroscopy: theory and laboratory spectra of geologic materials; 8. Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy: theory and laboratory spectra of geologic materials; 9. Fundamentals of neutron, X-ray and gamma ray spectroscopy; 10. Radar remote sensing: theory and applications; Part II. Terrestrial Field and Airborne Applications: 11. Visible and near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy: field and airborne measurements; 12. Raman spectroscopy: field measurements; Part III. Analysis Methods: 13. Effects of environmental conditions on spectral measurements; 14. Hyper- and multispectral VNIR imaging analysis; 15. Thermal infrared spectral modeling; 16. Geochemical interpretations using multiple remote datasets; Part IV. Applications to Planetary Surfaces: 17. Spectral analyses of Mercury; 18. Compositional analysis of the Moon from the visible and near-infrared; 19. Spectral analyses of asteroids; 20. VIS-NIR spectral analyses of asteroids and comets from Dawn and Rosetta; 21. Spectral analyses of Saturn's moons using Cassini-VIMS; 22. Spectroscopy of Pluto and its satellites; 23. VSWIR spectral analyses of Mars from orbit using CRISM and OMEGA; 24. Thermal infrared spectral analyses of Mars from orbit using TES and THEMIS; 25. Rover-based thermal infrared remote sensing of Mars using the mini-TES instrument; 26. Compositional and mineralogic analyses of Mars using multispectral imaging on the Mars Exploration Rover, Phoenix, and Mars Science Laboratory Missions; 27. Iron mineralogy, oxidation state, and alteration on Mars from Mössbauer spectroscopy at Gusev Crater and Meridiani Planum; 28. Elemental analyses of Mars using APXS; 29. Elemental analyses of Mars with LIBS by ChemCam and SuperCam; 30. X-ray, gamma-ray, and neutron spectroscopy: planetary missions; 31. Radar remote sensing of planetary bodies.

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Book SynopsisThis book is for everyone with an interest in whether there is extraterrestrial life. Recent discoveries of planets beyond the solar system (more than 4000 of them) suggest that the question is not 'whether?' but 'where?'. This book enables general readers to understand current endeavours to answer this question and the related one of 'what kind?'Trade Review'Wallace Arthur addresses the most exciting question in science: 'Are we alone?' His brilliant exposition argues convincingly that we are likely to go through a Copernican revolution regarding the biological universe and discover that we are not at its centre.' Avi Loeb, Chair of the Harvard Astronomy department'An engaging, well-informed, and accessible guide to one of the great questions. Thoroughly enjoyable and unputdownable.' Peter Atkins, Emeritus Professor of Physical Chemistry, University of Oxford, and fellow of Lincoln College'The Biological Universe performs a fascinating dissection of our tree of life, asking which of its features we might share with other such trees on worlds throughout the Galaxy. A truly unique perspective on finding life in the Universe, which starts with who is eating whom in the soil under our feet.' Elizabeth Tasker, author of The Planet Factory'In this thought-provoking book, Arthur's deep knowledge of life and its myriad manifestations, coupled with a cosmologist's understanding of the cosmos at large, enables him to explore one of science's greatest mysteries - how the biological and physical universes relate to one another. Does life exist beyond this planet? What form would it take? How could we detect it? Arthur musters fact, logic, and intuition, in his far-reaching attempt to nail down life's place within the wider cosmic dimension.' Addy Pross, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel'Wallace Arthur takes us on a fascinating journey to discover if and how our living planet is unique in the universe. In his characteristically engaging style, he propels his story with sharp questions, arresting details, and vivid explanations, so that we arrive, via photosynthesis-stealing slugs and the extremes of extraterrestrial atmospheres, at a new understanding of ourselves and our world.' Ronald Jenner, Natural History Museum, London, UK'Wallace Arthur's book The Biological Universe is highly significant. We will soon know if we are alone in the universe. The next few years could provide us with this long-sought answer. This book, extremely well written, tells us how.' Simon 'Pete' Worden, Executive Director, Breakthrough Initiatives, Luxembourg and USA'Working his way up from first principles of physics, chemistry, and biology, Wallace Arthur asks what is needed for life to exist. In his familiar readable style, he then asks whether these requirements are likely to be found elsewhere in the universe, and answers with a resounding 'Yes'. Anyone who works on the evolution of life on Earth will have asked themselves similar questions. Arthur's presentation of the questions, and of the answers, is both enjoyable and eye-opening.' Ariel Chipman, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel'Arthur has done an admirable job pulling together all these different fields and his explanations of tricky topics are clear.' Lewis Dartnell'Wallace Arthur's The Biological Universe is a romp through astrobiology intended for general readers. Curiously, we meet almost no one along the way … The Biological Universe covers an impressive amount of territory.' Max Dresow, The Quarterly Review of BiologyTable of ContentsPart I. Painting Big Pictures: 1. A tree with millions of twigs; 2. A galaxy with billions of planets; 3. The likelihood of other trees; Part II. Life Here, Implications for Elsewhere: 4. A thin sliver of existence; 5. Energy and life; 6. Habitats and life; 7. Skeletons and life; 8. Intelligence and life; Part III. Planetary Systems and Life: 9. Types of planetary system; 10. Habitable zones; 11. Other habitability factors; 12. How many inhabited planets?; Part IV. Discovering Life: 13. On the repeatability of evolution; 14. Candidate planets; 15. Atmospheric signatures; 16. Radio and life; 17. Sixty years of SETI; Part V. Beyond the Milky Way: 18. The physical universe; 19. The biological universe; 20. The intelligent universe; Bibliography; Acknowledgements.

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Book SynopsisThe solar wind is a stream of charged particles -- a plasma -- ejected from the upper atmosphere of the sun. It consists mostly of electrons and protons with energies of about 1 keV. These particles are able to escape the sun''s gravity, in part because of the high temperature of the corona, but also because of high kinetic energy that particles gain through a process that is not well-understood at this time. The solar wind creates the Heliosphere, a vast bubble in the interstellar medium surrounding the solar system. Other phenomena include geomagnetic storms that can knock out power grids on Earth, the aurorae such as the Northern Lights, and the plasma tails of comets that always point away from the sun. This book presents the latest research in the world on this topic.

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Book SynopsisA NASA-funded team of scientists has announced that there is evidence of previous life on Mars. This book analyses the results from the meteorite ALH84001, critically interprets the information from the Vikings 1 and 2 space probes to Mars and looks at the evidence of organic material in the Cosmos. The overwhelmingly most likely explanation and by far the simplest interpretation of all the findings is that life is a cosmic phenomenon seeding the Earth and Mars.

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Book SynopsisIf you always thought that it was Giovanni Schiaparelli who first coined the phrase ''Canali'' pertaining to the straight lines he appeared to observe on Mars you''d be wrong. In 1858 an astronomer working at the Vatican observatory named father Pietro Angelo Secchi took it upon himself to create his own drawings of Mars. The red planet was now nearing a close approach to earth and the powerful Vatican telescope was capable of resolving detail previously invisible to most astronomers. Secchi thought he saw a series of straight lines on the Martian surface so he made an innocuous notation in his notes. His sketches and articles were published in 1859 in which he referred several times to ''Canale Atlantico'' or ''Canale Ceruleo''. His regrettable choice of words would not have an impact for another eight years. This volume tells not only of people and places that have influenced mankind''s relationship with the enigmatic red planet, but it also shows you the colour drawings that Secchi made, which were provided to us directly by the Vatican itself. Along with many other interesting stories, drawings and photographs this book will be a prize for both the novice or ardent student of Mars.

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Book SynopsisEarth, like the other inner planets, receives virtually all of its energy from space in the form of solar electromagnetic radiation. The Earth''s total heat content does not vary significantly with time, indicating a close overall balance between absorbed solar radiation and the diffuse stream of low-temperature, thermal radiation emitted by the plant. This book, a reprint of the second edition of Goody''s classic work, is concerned with the interaction of solar electromagnetic energy with planetary atmospheres, the subsequent redistribution of this energy, and its ultimate return to space as terrestrial thermal radiation.Trade ReviewI have always regarded the original first edition of this book by Richard Goody as being the definitive reference text on atmospheric radiative transfer. This new edition provides a welcome update to the original 1964 text which, after 33 years, benefits from the inclusion of more recent developments both in the remote-sensing field and in measurements of atmospheric constituents ... this new edition is much more than just a cosmetic updating of the old edition. The structure of the book has been modified to include new topics and many of the figures are new. This makes its purchase clearly justifiable not only for those who do not have the original edition, but also for those who do. For anyone with more than a superficial interest in atmospheric radiation, this book is mandatory reading, to gain an insight into the physical processes involved. * R.W. Sauders, Royal Meteorological Society *This is the book I actually used the most in my career to understand what I was trying to do with infrared instruments to study the atmospheres of the Earth and planets from spacecraft ... 'Goody' is still the Bible * Astronomy Now *Table of ContentsIntroduction ; 1. Theory of Radiative Transfer ; 2. Vibration-Rotation Spectra of Gaseous Molecules ; 3. Band Models ; 4. Absorption by Atmospheric Gases ; 5. Radiation Calculations in a Clear Atmosphere ; 6. Extinction by Molecules and Droplets ; 7. Radiative Transfer in a Scattering Atmosphere ; 8. Atmospheres in Radiative Equilibrium ; 9. Evolution of a Thermal Disturbance ; Appendix 1: Physical constants ; Appendix 2: Spectroscopic units ; Appendix 3: A model atmosphere ; Appendix 4: Properties of water vapor ; Appendix 5: The Planck function ; Appendix 6: The exponential integrals ; Appendix 7: The Ladenburg and Reiche function ; Appendix 8: The Elsasser function ; Appendix 9: The physical state of the sun

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Book SynopsisThe Planetary Scientist's Companion is a comprehensive and practical book of facts and data about the Sun, planets, asteroids, comets, meteorites, and Kuiper belt and Centaur objects in our solar system. Also covered are properties of nearby stars, the interstellar medium, and extra-solar planetary systems.Trade Review"It is indeed an extremely useful book. It contains everything that is needed for the one en vogue back of the envelope calculations and much more. Lodders and Fegley have compiled a remarkable combination of data relevant to all aspects of planetology in a handy booklet. The real value of the book is the supporting literature documentation of all numbers listed. I recommend this book without any reservations." -- Herbert Palme, Meteoritics & Planetary Science, Vol 35, 2000 "The Planetary Scientist's Companion is a concise reference book that will be helpful to students and researchers in planetary sciences and related areas. Even the rapid change in knowledge of our planetary system and the fast increase of available data will not outdate this book in the near future. I recommend this compilation to all persons working in the broad field of planetology. Also those teaching in Earth and planetary sciences will appreciate having The Planetary Scientist's Companion available on their bookshelf." -- Ludolf Schultz "This book is incredibly comprehensive and well-organized. It is jam-packed with mostly tabular data from a wide variety of well-documented and relatively up-to-date sources, including classic research and review papers and disparate reference sources. While unusual for a reference book, The Planetary Scientist's Companion actually lends itself to casual reading, which is perhaps fitting for what the authors describe as a "'data journey' through the solar system and beyond." This is a succinct and handy reference book that will be of use to most students and teachers." --EOS, June 15, 1999 "This book has been written for the 'friend of planetary sciences' who might be in need of some physical or chemical data to do a quick calculation or otherwise need some facts and figures. The 17 chapters start with basic technical data and proceed to cover all of the bodies in our solar system--the sun, the planets and their satellites, the asteroids, the comets, and also meteorites. Data for these bodies includes size, shape, composition, atmosphere, and orbital information. There is also a brief chapter, 'Beyond the Solar System' (nearby stars, brown dwarfs, and extrasolar planets), as well as a glossary."--Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society "Lodders and Fegley's modest volume is chock-full of information, a rich handbook for the Solar System. The first 100 pages are devoted to general geometric, chemical, and physical ideas, and data that will be useful later. The bulk of the handbook is a body-by-body description with data relating to the planets, their satellites and rings, asteroids, Centaur and Kuiper belt objects, comets meteorites, stars in the solar vicinity, and substellar objects. . . . The organization and the index are quite well done, and finding specific information is not difficult; the text is rich with a large number of helpful figures and graphs. There is a nice glossary that is extensive and should be useful. It should be a handy book for any physics department teaching an astronomy course, and especially for students or faculty when using telescopes for observation of nearby objects. As a convenient reference, it belongs in any good college library."--Choice "[P]rovides important physical, chemical, and astronomical information that will be of interest to researchers and students in the fields of planetary science, geochemistry, and cosmochemistry. The book is compact, yet filled with easy-to-find tabular data and descriptive information on our solar system's planets and moons, the sun, and other objects such as asteroids and comets. There are also chapters on meteorites . . . and the newly discovered planets outside our solar system. . . . The authors state in the book's preface that they have not intended to create a work to replace textbooks on planetary science or cosmochemistry, but to provide a handy reference tool that brings together information that is widely scattered in scientific journals and books. They have achieved this objective. . . . [R]ecommended for all academic libraries supporting planetary astronomy or geochemistry course offerings and larger public library reference collections."--E-STREAMS "It is indeed an extremely useful book. It contains everything that is needed for the one en vogue back of the envelope calculations and much more. Lodders and Fegley have compiled a remarkable combination of data relevant to all aspects of planetology in a handy booklet. The real value of the book is the supporting literature documentation of all numbers listed. I recommend this book without any reservations." -- Herbert Palme, Meteoritics & Planetary Science, Vol 35, 2000 "The Planetary Scientist's Companion is a concise reference book that will be helpful to students and researchers in planetary sciences and related areas. Even the rapid change in knowledge of our planetary system and the fast increase of available data will not outdate this book in the near future. I recommend this compilation to all persons working in the broad field of planetology. Also those teaching in Earth and planetary sciences will appreciate having The Planetary Scientist's Companion available on their bookshelf." -- Ludolf Schultz "This book is incredibly comprehensive and well-organized. It is jam-packed with mostly tabular data from a wide variety of well-documented and relatively up-to-date sources, including classic research and review papers and disparate reference sources. While unusual for a reference book, The Planetary Scientist's Companion actually lends itself to casual reading, which is perhaps fitting for what the authors describe as a "'data journey' through the solar system and beyond." This is a succinct and handy reference book that will be of use to most students and teachers." --EOS, June 15, 1999 "The Planetary Scientist's Companion is a succinct and handy reference that will be useful to those in the geophysical community looking for a foothold into planetary science or for an interesting compact survey of the present understanding of planetary phenomena."--The Leading EdgeTable of Contents1. Technical Data ; 2. The Solar System ; 3. The Sun ; 4. Mercury ; 5. Venus ; 6. Earth and Moon ; 7. Mars and Satellites ; 8. Jupiter, Rings and Satellites ; 9. Saturn, Rings and Satellites ; 10. Uranus, Rings and Satellites ; 11. Neptune, Rings and Satellites ; 12. Pluto and Charon ; 13. The Asteroids ; 14. Centaur Objects and Kuiper Belt Objects ; 15. Comets ; 16. Meteorites ; 17. Beyond the Solar System ; Glossary ; Index

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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