Software Engineering Books

Book SynopsisThe 1980's saw the advent of widespread (and potentially damaging) computer virus infection of both personal computer and mainframe systems. The computer security field has been comparatively slow to react to this emerging situation. It is only over the last two years that a significant body of knowledge on the operation, likely evolution and prevention of computer viruses has developed. A Pathology of Computer Viruses gives a detailed overview of the history of the computer virus and an in-depth technical review of the principles of computer virus and worm operation under DOS, Mac, UNIX and DEC operating systems. David Ferbrache considers the possible extension of the threat to the mainframe systems environment and suggests how the threat can be effectively combatted using an antiviral management plan. The author addresses the latest developments in "stealth" virus operations, specifically the trend for virus authors to adopt extensive camouflage and concealment techniques, which allow viruses to evade both existing anti-viral software and to avoid detection by direct observation of machine behaviour. A Pathology of Computer Viruses addresses a distinct need - that of the computer specialist and professional who needs a source reference work detailing all aspects of the computer virus threat.Table of Contents1 Introduction.- 1.1 Preamble.- 1.2 What is a Computer Virus?.- 1.3 Worms: Networked Viruses.- 1.4 Terminology.- 2 Historical Perspectives.- 2.1 Introduction.- 2.2 1960s: Early Rabbits.- 2.3 1970s: Fiction and the Worm.- 2.4 1980–1983: Genesis.- 2.5 1984–1986: Exodus.- 2.6 1987: Mac, Atari and Amiga Next.- 2.7 1988: Proliferation and Disbelief.- 2.7.1 January-March.- 2.7.2 April-September.- 2.7.3 October-December.- 2.8 1989: Reaction by the Community.- 2.8.1 January-March.- 2.8.2 April-June.- 2.8.3 July-September.- 2.8.4 October-December.- 2.9 1990: Organisation and Litigation.- 2.9.1 January-April.- 2.9.2 May-September.- 2.9.3 October-December.- 2.10 Summary.- 3 Theory of Viruses.- 3.1 Introduction.- 3.2 Addition of Viral Code.- 3.3 Detection of Viruses.- 3.4 Classes of Viruses.- 3.5 Thompson: and Trusting Trust.- 3.6 Biological Analogies.- 3.6.1 Biological Viruses.- 3.6.2 Parallels Between Low Level Operation.- 3.6.3 High Level Parallels.- 3.7 Quest for Life.- 3.8 Evolution: Genetic Algorithms.- 3.8.1 Random Mutation.- 3.8.2 Programmed Mutation.- 3.8.3 Genetic Algorithms.- 3.8.4 Growth and Death.- 4 Operation of PC Viruses.- 4.1 Introduction.- 4.2 PC Boot Sequence: Initialisation.- 4.3 BIOS and DOS.- 4.4 Master Boot Record.- 4.5 DOS Boot Sector.- 4.6 System Initialisation.- 4.7 Batch Processing Viruses.- 4.8 COM and EXE Viruses.- 4.8.1 Non-overwriting Prepending COM Infectors.- 4.8.2 Overwriting COM Infectors.- 4.8.3 Non-overwriting Appending COM Infectors.- 4.8.4 EXE Viruses.- 4.9 Resident and Transient Viruses.- 4.10 Manipulation by Viral Code.- 4.11 Activation Criteria.- 4.12 Camouflage.- 4.12.1 Concealment in Infected Files.- 4.12.2 Encryption of Viral Code.- 4.12.3 Hiding of Viral Code.- 4.12.4 Checksum Calculation.- 4.12.5 Prevention of Alteration Detection.- 4.12.6 Concealment of Viral Code in Memory.- 4.12.7 Concealment of Viral Activity.- 4.12.8 Concealing Disk Activity.- 4.12.9 Concealing System Slowdown.- 4.13 Replication.- 4.13.1 Locating a Host.- 4.13.2 Signatures.- 4.13.3 Miscellaneous Topics.- 4.13.3.1 Corresponding File Virus.- 4.13.3.2 SYS Virus.- 4.13.3.3 Multi-vector Viruses.- 4.13.3.4 Multi-architecture Viruses.- 4.13.3.5 Architecture Dependent Viruses.- 5 Management of PC Viruses.- 5.1 Perspective on Security.- 5.2 Components of a Virus Control Scheme.- 5.3 Prevention of Virus Attack.- 5.3.1 Physical Access Constraints.- 5.3.2 Electronic Measures.- 5.3.2.1 Physical Feature Verification.- 5.3.2.2 Knowledge Verification.- 5.3.2.2.1 Passwords.- 5.3.2.2.2 Background Verification.- 5.3.2.2.3 Other Techniques.- 5.3.2.3 Possession Verification.- 5.3.3 Media Access Controls.- 5.3.4 Network Access Controls.- 5.3.4.1 Identification of Access Controls.- 5.3.4.1.1 Centralised Network File Servers.- 5.3.4.1.2 Distributed Trust.- 5.3.4.1.3 Network Transport by Public Carrier or Accessible Media.- 5.3.5 Ideological Controls.- 5.3.5.1 User Education.- 5.3.6 Management Policies.- 5.3.6.1 Training of Employees.- 5.3.6.2 Use of Anti-viral Measures.- 5.3.6.3 Compartmentalisation.- 5.3.6.4 Centralisation.- 5.3.6.5 Personnel Policies.- 5.3.7 Vaccination and Inoculation.- 5.4 Detection of Viral Code.- 5.4.1 Monitoring and Logging.- 5.4.2 Signature Recognition.- 5.4.3 Generic Code Recognition.- 5.4.4 Sacrificial Lamb.- 5.4.5 Auditing.- 5.4.6 Use of Expert Systems to Analyse Viral Behaviour.- 5.4.7 Fighting Fire with Fire.- 5.5 Containment of Viral Code.- 5.5.1 Hardware Compartmentalisation.- 5.5.1.1 Virtual Machine.- 5.5.1.1.1 80386 Task Switching Support.- 5.5.1.1.2 80386 Paged Segmented Memory.- 5.5.1.1.3 Accessing OS Code.- 5.5.1.1.4 Segment Permissions.- 5.5.1.1.5 Paged Memory Operation.- 5.5.1.1.6 Input/Output Operations.- 5.5.1.1.7 Virtual Machine in Software.- 5.5.1.2 Automatic Flow Verification.- 5.5.1.3 Software Distribution: Ensuring Trust.- 5.5.2 Software Compartmentalisation.- 5.5.2.1 Interrupt Trapping Code.- 5.5.2.1.1 Configurable Monitors.- 5.5.2.1.2 Operation of a Monitor.- 5.5.2.1.3 Extensions to Real Time Monitoring.- 5.5.2.2 OS Support.- 5.5.3 Network Compartmentalisation.- 5.5.4 Investigation and Response.- 5.5.4.1 What is the Infection?.- 5.5.4.1.1 Acquisition.- 5.5.4.1.2 Logging of Relevant Information.- 5.5.4.1.3 Disassembly.- 5.5.4.2 Dissemination of Information.- 5.5.4.3 General Containment.- 5.5.4.4 Tracing of Infection Source.- 5.5.5 Disinfection of Viral Code.- 5.5.5.1 Re-installation.- 5.5.5.2 Recompilation from Source.- 5.5.6 Checking for Re-infection.- 5.5.7 Disinfection Utilities.- 5.6 Recovery from Viral Infection.- 5.6.1 Backup Procedures.- 5.7 Contingency Planning.- 5.7.1 Redundancy.- 5.7.2 Insurance.- 5.7.3 Public Relations.- 5.8 Remedial Action.- 6 Apple Macintosh Viruses.- 6.1 Introduction.- 6.2 Macintosh: The Abstract Operating System.- 6.2.1 Initialisation.- 6.2.2 Resources.- 6.2.3 Trap Dispatch Table Structure.- 6.2.4 Non-link Viruses.- 6.2.5 Link Viruses.- 6.2.6 Notes on Keyboard Sequences.- 6.2.7 Summary of Mac Protection.- 7 Mainframe Systems: The Growing Threat.- 7.1 Introduction.- 7.2 Hardware Architectures.- 7.3 Software Architecture.- 7.3.1 Discretionary Access Controls.- 7.3.2 Integrity versus Confidentiality.- 7.3.3 Mandatory Access Controls.- 7.3.4 Commentary on Security Standardisation.- 7.4 UNIX: A Viral Risk Assessment.- 7.4.1 System Startup.- 7.4.2 Login and User Commands.- 7.4.3 Bugs and Loopholes.- 7.4.4 Mechanics of UNIX Viruses.- 7.4.4.1 Batch Viruses.- 7.4.4.2 Link Viruses.- 7.4.4.3 Dynamic Loading.- 7.4.4.4 Other Considerations.- 7.4.4.5 Protecting Against UNIX Viruses.- 7.4.4.6 Cohen: Early UNIX Viruses.- 8 Network Viruses: The Worms.- 8.1 Introduction.- 8.2 Standardisation.- 8.3 History of Network Pests.- 8.3.1 Early Work: Pre-1980.- 8.3.2 Recent Benign and Malicious Worms.- 8.3.3 CHRISTMA EXEC Chain Letter.- 8.3.4 Chain Letters on UNIX.- 8.4 Internet Protocols.- 8.4.1 Architecture.- 8.4.2 Peer Authentication.- 8.4.3 Access Controls.- 8.4.4 Data Stream Integrity.- 8.4.5 Daemons and Servers.- 8.4.6 Distributed Trust.- 8.4.7 Trusted Ports.- 8.4.8 Problems and Solutions.- 8.4.9 Internet Worm: Black Thursday — 3 November 1988.- 8.4.9.1 Internals.- 8.4.9.2 Action and Reaction.- 8.4.9.3 The Aftermath.- 8.4.10 DISNET: A Child of the Internet.- 8.5 OSI: Security in the Making.- 8.6 DECNET: Insecurity Through Default.- 8.6.1 HI.COM: The Christmas Worm.- 8.6.1.1 Reaction of the DECNET Community.- 8.6.1.2 Worms Against Nuclear Killers.- 9 Reactions of the IT Community.- 9.1 Discussion and Advice.- 9.1.1 Bulletin Board and Casual Users.- 9.1.2 Academic Establishments.- 9.1.2.1 CREN/CSNET.- 9.1.2.2 NSFNET.- 9.1.2.3 HEPNET/SPAN.- 9.1.2.4 General Community Responses.- 9.1.3 Government Research Organisations.- 9.1.4 Military Organisations.- 9.1.5 Commercial Organisations.- 9.1.6 Criminal Investigation Organisations.- 9.1.7 Professional Organisations.- 9.2 Legislative Issues.- 9.2.1 Scottish Law Commission.- 9.2.2 English Law Commission.- 9.2.3 Computer Misuse Act.- 9.2.4 Summary of Legislation.- 9.3 Professionalism and Software Development.- 10 Conclusions: The Future Ahead.- Appendices.- 1 DOS Filestore Structure.- 1.1 Introduction.- 1.2 Master Boot Record.- 1.3 DOS Boot Sector.- 1.4 File Allocation Table.- 1.5 Root Directory.- 2 Low Level Disk Layout.- 3 EXE File Format.- 4 Mac Filestore Structure.- 5 PC Virus Relationship Chart.- 6 Macintosh Virus Relationship Chart.- 7 PC Boot Sequence.- 8 AIDS Trojan: Accompanying Licence.- 9 Software Infected at Source.- 10 Nomenclature.- 10.1 Types of Virus.- 10.1.1 Master Boot Sector Viruses.- 10.1.2 DOS Boot Sector Viruses.- 10.1.3 Executable COM/EXE Viruses.- 10.1.4 Memory Resident Viruses.- 10.1.5 Overwriting Viruses.- 10.1.6 Prepending Viruses.- 10.1.7 Appending Viruses.- 10.2 Generations of Virus.- 10.3 Classes of Anti-virus Product.- 11 UNIX Boot Sequence.- 12 CERT Press Release.- 13 CERT/CIAC Advisories.- 14 Contact Points.- 15 Abbreviations.- 16 Further Reading.- 17 Virus-1 Archive Sites.- 18 Relative Frequencies of IBM Viruses.

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Book SynopsisNot so if the book has been translated into Arabic. Now the reader can discern no meaning in the letters. The text conveys almost no information to the reader, yet the linguistic informa­ tion contained by the book is virtually the same as in the English original. The reader, familiar with books will still recognise two things, however: First, that the book is a book. Second, that the squiggles on the page represent a pattern of abstractions which probably makes sense to someone who understands the mean­ ing of those squiggles. Therefore, the book as such, will still have some meaning for the English reader, even if the content of the text has none. Let us go to a more extreme case. Not a book, but a stone, or a rock with engravings in an ancient language no longer under­ stood by anyone alive. Does such a stone not contain human information even if it is not decipherable? Suppose at some point in the future, basic knowledge about linguistics and clever computer aids allow us to decipher it? Or suppose someone discovers the equivalent of a Rosetta stone which allows us to translate it into a known language, and then into English? Can one really say that the stone contained no information prior to translation? It is possible to argue that the stone, prior to deciphering contained only latent information.Table of ContentsPrologue.- The Author’s Dilemma.- 1 Information: Abstraction or Reality?.- Can Information Exist Outside the Human Brain?.- Can Information be Processed Outside the Human Brain?.- Forms of Human Information and its Communication.- Biological Information Systems.- Inorganic Information Systems.- Non-human Information Processing.- Some Epistemological Considerations.- 2 Information Physics: An Introduction.- The Reality of Information.- The Heart of the Concept.- Information: The Hidden Dimension.- 3 Information and Entropy: The Mathematical Relationship.- Information and Organisation.- The Second Law of Thermodynamics.- The Boltzmann/Schrödinger Equation.- Information as an Inverse Exponential Function of Entropy.- The Constant c.- 4 Measuring the Information Changes of Altered Physical States.- Measuring the Information Content of a Crystal.- Proteins as Information Systems.- The Denaturation of Trypsin.- Concluding Remarks.- 5 Information and Entropy: Further Implications.- Information and Entropy as Viewed by the Communications Engineers.- Positive Entropy.- Negative Entropy.- Information Magnitudes.- The Evolution of the Universe.- 6 Some Further Considerations About the Interrelationship Between Information and Energy.- Pure Energy: Heat, the Antithesis of Information.- The Information Content of Energy.- Motion, Distance and Time.- Information and Potential Energy.- The Interconversion of Energy and Information.- Information Machines.- Structural vs Kinetic Information.- Transformations Between Kinetic and Structural Information.- 7 Information and Work.- The Relationship Between Work and Information.- Energy Transducers.- Work in Biological Systems.- Reassessing the Work Equations.- Measuring the Information Content of Electrical Work.- 8 Summary and Concluding Remarks.- The Basic Propositions.- Historical Perspective.- Why Has Information Been Overlooked?.- The Need for Models and Theories.- The Relevance of Information Physics for a General Theory of Information.- Some Concluding Thoughts.- Appendixes.- A. Speculations on Electromagnetic Radiation and Particles of Information.- B. Further Speculations: Implications for Atomic Structure.- C. A Smaller Universe.- D. Other Universes?.

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Book SynopsisGegenstand dieses Werkes sind die Theorie und Praxis der modernen funktionalen Programmierung. Dabei betrachten die Autoren aber nicht nur das, was mittels der heute implementierten Sprachen wie HASKELL, OPAL, ML usw. machbar ist, sondern weisen auch auf aktuelle Entwicklungen hin. Zum einen werden fortgeschrittene Programmiertechniken vorgestellt, wie z.B. die Verwendung unendlicher Datenstrukturen, Parser als Funktionen höherer Ordnung, Approximations-Algorithmen, Lösung von Gleichungssystemen usw. Zum anderen werden aber auch Sprachkonzepte diskutiert, wie z.B. eine systematische Form der Modularisierung oder besonders ausdrucksstarke und flexible Formen der Typisierung. Ein besonderes Gewicht wird generell auf die Integration verschiedener Paradigmen gelegt, wie etwa die Verbindung mit Konzepten der objektorientierten, der nebenläufigen oder der Constraint-basierten Programmierung. In diesem Zusammenhang wird speziell auch die Bedeutung von Monaden analysiert und kritisch hinterfragt.Trade ReviewAus den Rezensionen: "Bei diesem Titel … werden … fortgeschrittene Leser angesprochen, die mit den Grundlagen der funktionalen Programmierung vertraut sind. … ‘Im Vordergrund stehen Ideen und Konzepte einer eleganten, sicheren und produktiven Form des Programmierens‘, wobei der Blick in die Zukunft gerichtet ist und Konzepte und Methoden vorgestellt werden, die erst in den Sprachen der nächsten Generation verfügbar sein werden. Geeignet für Bibliotheken … an Hochschulstandorten … Das Lehrbuch kann noch weiter genutzt werden." (Isigkeit, in: ekz-Informationsdienst, 2006)Table of ContentsElementare Funktionale Programmierung Eine Wiederholung.- Das Strittigste vorab: Notationen.- Grundlagen der Funktionalen Programmierung.- Faulheit währt unendlich.- Parser als Funktionen höherer Ordnung.- Strukturierung von Programmen.- Gruppen: Die Basis der Modularisierung.- Operatoren auf Gruppen (Morphismen).- Die Idee der Typisierung.- Typen.- Subtypen (Vererbung).- Polymorphe und abhängige Typen.- Spezifikationen und Typklassen: Wie Typen typisiert werden.- Beispiel: Berechnung von Fixpunkten.- Beispiel: Monaden.- Datenstrukturen.- Netter stack und böse Queue.- Compilertechniken für funktionale Datenstrukturen.- Funktionale Arrays und Numerische Mathematik.- Map: Wenn Funktionen zu Daten werden.- Beispiel: Synthese von Programmen.- Integration von Paradigmen.- Zeit und Zustand in der funktionalen Welt.- Objekte und Ein-/Ausgabe.- Agenten und Prozesse.- Graphische Schnittstellen (GUIs).- Massiv parallele Programme.- Integration von Konzepten anderer Programmierparadigmen.

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Book SynopsisTesting is the primary hardware and software verification technique used by industry today. Usually, it is ad hoc, error prone, and very expensive. In recent years, however, many attempts have been made to develop more sophisticated formal testing methods. This coherent book provides an in-depth assessment of this emerging field, focusing on formal testing of reactive systems. This book is based on a seminar held in Dagstuhl Castle, Germany, in January 2004. It presents 19 carefully reviewed and revised lectures given at the seminar in a well-balanced way ensuring competent complementary coverage of all relevant aspects. An appendix provides a glossary for model-based testing and basics on finite state machines and on labelled transition systems. The lectures are presented in topical sections on testing of finite state machines, testing of labelled transition systems, model-based test case generation, tools and case studies, standardized test notation and execution architectures, and beyond testing.Table of ContentsTesting of Finite State Machines.- I. Testing of Finite State Machines.- 1 Homing and Synchronizing Sequences.- 2 State Identification.- 3 State Verification.- 4 Conformance Testing.- II. Testing of Labeled Transition Systems.- Testing of Labeled Transition Systems.- 5 Preorder Relations.- 6 Test Generation Algorithms Based on Preorder Relations.- 7 I/O-automata Based Testing.- 8 Test Derivation from Timed Automata.- 9 Testing Theory for Probabilistic Systems.- III. Model-Based Test Case Generation.- Model-Based Test Case Generation.- 10 Methodological Issues in Model-Based Testing.- 11 Evaluating Coverage Based Testing.- 12 Technology of Test-Case Generation.- 13 Real-Time and Hybrid Systems Testing.- IV. Tools and Case Studies.- Tools and Case Studies.- 14 Tools for Test Case Generation.- 15 Case Studies.- V. Standardized Test Notation and Execution Architecture.- Standardized Test Notation and Execution Architecture.- 16 TTCN-3.- 17 UML 2.0 Testing Profile.- VI. Beyond Testing.- Beyond Testing.- 18 Run-Time Verification.- 19 Model Checking.- VII. Appendices.- Appendices.- 20 Model-Based Testing – A Glossary.- 21 Finite State Machines.- 22 Labelled Transition Systems.

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Book SynopsisWithout a doubt the idea of object-oriented programming has brought some motion into the field of programming methodology and enlarged the set of programming languages. Object-oriented programming is nothing new-it first arose in the sixties. The motivation came from the simulation of discrete event systems. The concept first manifested itself in the language Simula 67. It took nearly two decades for the method to gain impetus, and today object-oriented programming is an important concept and a powerful technique. Meanwhile, we can even speak of an over­ reaction, for the concept has become a buzzword. But buzzwords always appear where there is the hope of exploiting ill-informed clients because they see the new approach as the solution to all their problems. Thus object-oriented programming is often hailed as a panacea. And so the question is justified: What is really behind it? To let the cat out of the bag: There is more to object-oriented programming than merely putting data as objects in the fore­ ground, instead of algorithms to which the data are subject. It is more than purely an alternative view of programmed systems. To identify the essence of object-oriented programming, is the subject of this book. This is a textbook that shows in a didactically skillful way which concepts and constructs are new, where they can be employed reasonably, and what advantages they offer. For, not all programs are automatically improved by merely recasting them in an object-oriented style.Table of Contents1 Overview.- 1.1 Procedure-Oriented Thinking.- 1.2 Object-Oriented Thinking.- 1.3 Object-Oriented Languages.- 1.4 How OOP Differs from Conventional Programming.- 1.5 Classes as Abstraction Mechanisms.- 1.6 History of Object-Oriented Languages.- 1.7 Summary.- 2 Oberon-2.- 2.1 Features of Oberon-2.- 2.2 Declarations.- 2.3 Expressions.- 2.4 Statements.- 2.5 Procedures.- 2.6 Modules.- 2.7 Commands.- 3 Data Abstraction.- 3.1 Concrete Data Structures.- 3.2 Abstract Data Structures.- 3.3 Abstract Data Types.- 4 Classes.- 4.1 Methods.- 4.2 Classes and Modules.- 4.3 Examples.- 4.4 Common Questions.- 5 Inheritance.- 5.1 Type Extension.- 5.2 Compatibility of a Base Type and its Extension.- 5.3 Static and Dynamic Type.- 5.4 Run-Time Type Checking.- 5.5 Extensibility in an Object-Oriented Sense.- 5.6 Common Questions.- 6 Dynamic Binding.- 6.1 Messages.- 6.2 Abstract Classes.- 6.3 Examples.- 6.4 Message Records.- 6.5 Common Questions.- 7 Typical Applications.- 7.1 Abstract Data Types.- 7.2 Generic Components.- 7.3 Heterogeneous Data Structures.- 7.4 Replaceable Behavior.- 7.5 Adaptable Components.- 7.6 Semifinished Products.- 7.7 Summary.- 8 Useful Techniques.- 8.1 Initialization of Objects.- 8.2 Extending a System at Run Time.- 8.3 Persistent Objects.- 8.4 Wrapping Classes in Other Classes.- 8.5 Extensibility in Multiple Dimensions.- 8.6 Multiple Inheritance.- 8.7 Models and Views.- 8.8 Iterators.- 8.9 Modifying Inherited Methods.- 9 Object-Oriented Design.- 9.1 Functional Design.- 9.2 Object-Oriented Design.- 9.3 Identifying the Classes.- 9.4 Designing the Interface of a Class.- 9.5 Abstract Classes.- 9.6 Relationships between Classes.- 9.7 When to Use Classes.- 9.8 Common Design Errors.- 10 Frameworks.- 10.1 Subsystems and Frameworks.- 10.2 The MVC Framework.- 10.3 A Framework for Objects in Texts.- 10.4 Application Frameworks.- 11 Oberon0 — A Case Study.- 11.1 The Viewer System.- 11.2 Handling User Input.- 11.3 A Text Editor.- 11.4 A Graphics Editor.- 11.5 Embedding Graphics in Texts.- 12 Costs and Benefits of OOP.- 12.1 Benefits.- 12.2 Costs.- 12.3 The Future.- A Oberon-2 — Language Definition.- A.1 Introduction.- A.2 Syntax.- A.3 Vocabulary and Representation.- A.4 Declarations and Scope Rules.- A.5 Constant Declarations.- A.6 Type Declarations.- A.7 Variable Declarations.- A.8 Expressions.- A.9 Statements.- A.10 Procedure Declarations.- A.11 Modules.- A.12 Appendices to the Language Definition.- B The Module OS.- C The Module IO.- D How to Get Oberon.

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Book SynopsisGiven the broad popularity of Internet technology, even in its present immature state, and also the recent progress made towards a human-centered view of information technology, the time now seems ripe to essentially extend the scope and power of enterprise information systems.This carefully arranged book concentrates on the relationships between coordination technology and business application requirements and introduces general elements of a cooperative infrastructure allowing for the construction of collaborative applications. It is essential reading for research and development professionals active in the area as well as for IT managers interested in applying this promising new technology in order to remain competitive in the future.Table of ContentsA perspective on technology-assisted collaboration.- Coordination in knowledge-intensive organizations.- Co-ordination of management activities — Mapping organisational structure to the decision structure.- A cooperative approach to distributed applications engineering.- Towards logic programming based coordination in virtual worlds.- Enhancement of creative aspects of a daily conversation with a topic development agent.- Coordinating human and computer agents.- Coordination in workflow management systems — A rule-based approach.- A framework and mathematical model for collaboration technology.- Practical experiences and requirements on workflow.- Coordination science: Challenges and directions.- Supporting autonomous work and reintegration in collaborative systems.- Workspace awareness for distributed teams.- GeM and WeBUSE: Towards a WWW-database interface.- Post-client/server coordination tools.- An experimental delay analysis for local audio video streams for desktop collaborations.- Supporting both client-server and peer-to-peer models in a framework of a distributed object management system.

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Book SynopsisThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the First International Conference on Fundamental Approaches to Software Engineering, FASE'98, held as part of the Joint European Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS'98, held in Lisbon, Portugal, in March/April 1998.Besides two invited presentations and three system demonstrations, this volume presents 18 revised full papers selected from a total of 59 submissions. Among the various fundamental software engineering issues addressed are formal methods, specification languages, refinement, object-oriented modeling, software architectures, statecharts, model checking, etc.Table of ContentsExtreme programming: A humanistic discipline of software development.- Some mistakes I have and what I have learned from them.- Specifying and analyzing dynamic software architectures.- Observational proofs with critical contexts.- Integrating AORTA with model-based data specification languages.- Specifying safety-critical embedded systems with statecharts and Z: A case study.- Specifying embedded systems with statecharts and Z: An agenda for cyclic software components.- Algebra transformation systems and their composition.- Navigation expressions in object-oriented modelling.- Compositional verification of reactive systems specified by graph transformation.- Reflections on the design of a specification language.- Constructs, concepts and criteria for reuse in concurrent object-oriented languages.- Backtracking-free design planning by automatic synthesis in metaframe.- Model-checking CSP-Z.- Rule-based refinement of high-level nets preserving safety properties.- Automated formal analysis of networks: FDR models of arbitrary topologies and flow-control mechanisms.- Behaviour analysis and safety conditions: A case study in CML.- Distributed safety controllers for web services.- A refinement calculus for statecharts.- Refining formal specifications of human computer interaction by graph rewrite rules.- RELVIEW — A system for calculating with relations and relational programming.- ALBERT: A formal language and its supporting tools for requirements engineering.- Moby/plc — A design tool for hierarchical real-time automata.

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Book SynopsisThis book presents the state of the art of artificial intelligence techniques applied to structural engineering. The 28 revised full papers by leading scientists were solicited for presentation at a meeting held in Ascona, Switzerland, in July 1998.The recent advances in information technology, in particular decreasing hardware cost, Internet communication, faster computation, increased bandwidth, etc., allow for the application of new AI techniques to structural engineering. The papers presented deal with new aspects of information technology support for the design, analysis, monitoring, control and diagnosis of various structural engineering systems.Table of ContentsStructural monitoring of civil structures using vibration measurement Current practice and future.- Object-oriented software patterns for engineering design standards processing.- Design and verification of real-time systems.- Using knowledge nodes for knowledge discovery and collaboration.- Heating system design support.- Collaborative desktop engineering.- Towards personalized structural engineering tools.- Complex systems: Why do they need to evolve and how can evolution be supported.- Formalizing product model transformations: Case examples and applications.- Internet-based web-mediated collaborative design and learning environment.- Wearable computers for field inspectors: Delivering data and knowledge-based support in the field.- Conceptual designing as a sequence of situated acts.- Some personal experience in computer aided engineering research.- Knowledge discovery from multimedia case libraries.- Customisable knowledge bases for conceptual design.- Articulate design of free-form structures.- Applying quantitative constraint satisfaction in preliminary design.- Agents in computer-assisted collaborative design.- A collaborative negotiation methodology for large scale civil engineering and architectural projects.- An investigation into the integration of neural networks with the structured genetic algorithm to aid conceptual design.- Finding the right model for bridge diagnosis.- Knowledge-based assistants in collaborative engineering.- CAD modelling in multidisciplinary design domains.- A family of software components to deliver solutions for the interpretation of monitoring data.- AI methods in concurrent engineering.- A new collaborative design environment for engineers and architects.- Intelligent structures: A new direction in structural control.- Integration of expert systems in a structural design office.- Teaching knowledge engineering: Experiences.- Design support for viaducts.- Converting function into object.- Software agent techniques in design.- Case-based design process facilitating collaboration and information evolution.- Shared experiences: Management of experiential knowledge in the building industry.- Dam safety: Improving management.- Integrating virtual reality and telepresence to remotely monitor construction sites: A ViRTUE project.- Proposal for 4.5 dimensional design via product models and expert system.- A product information system based on dynamic classification.- Structural monitoring: Decision-support through multiple data interpretations.- Augmented reality applications to structural monitoring.- Analysis and design of the as-built model.- On theoretical backgrounds of CAD.

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Book SynopsisIn the ten years since the first MAAMAW was held in 1989, at King's College, Cambridge, the field of Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) has flourished. It has attracted an increasing amount of theoretical and applied research. During this decade, important efforts have been made to establish the scientific and technical foundations of MAS. MAAMAW publications are testimony to the progress achieved in key areas such as agent modelling and reasoning, multi-agent interaction and communication, and multi-agent organisation and social structure. Research results have covered a wide range of inter-related topics in each area including agent architectures, reasoning models, logics, conflict resolution, negotiation, resource allocation, load balancing, learning; social behaviour and interaction, languages and protocols, interagent and agent-human communication, social models, agent roles, norms and social laws, and static and dynamic organisational structures. The feasibility and the viability of the proposed models and techniques have been demonstrated through MAS applications in heterogeneous domains including electronic commerce, co-operative work, telecommunications, social and biological systems, robotics, office and business automation, public administration, social simulations and banking. As the applicability of the technology became understood, the multi-agent paradigm has been progressively accepted by product managers and system developers, giving rise to a considerable amount of business expectation from industry. These expectations do not rest on the concept or metaphor of agent, but on the development of MAS useful in an industrial setting, with real-time systems presenting the biggest challenge.Table of ContentsEngineering Aspects of Multi-agent Systems.- Agent-Oriented Software Engineering.- Specification of Bahavioural Requirements within Compositional Multi-agent System Design.- Agent-Oriented Design.- A Developer’s Perspective on Multi-agent System Design.- Multi-agent Systems Framework.- A Development Environment for the Realization of Open and Scalable Multi-agent Systems.- Modelling Agents in Hard Real-Time Environments.- Multi-agent Systems on the Internet: Extending the Scope of Coordination towards Security and Topology.- Languages and Protocols.- Protocol Engineering for Multi-agent Interaction.- Designing Agent Communication Languages for Multi-agent Systems.- A Temporal Agent Communication Language for Dynamic Multi-agent Systems.- Multi-paradigm Languages Supporting Multi-agent Development.- Negotiation and Cooperation.- An Efficient Argumentation Framework for Negotiating Autonomous Agents.- Negotiating Service Provisioning.- Cooperative Plan Selection Through Trust.- Extending Social Reasoning to Cope with Multiple Partner Coalitions.- Formal Models.- Basic Mental Attitudes of a Collaborating Agent: Cognitive Primitives for MAS.- Subjective Situations.- Formal Analysis of Models for the Dynamics of Trust Based on Experiences.

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Book SynopsisThe ?rst and foremost goal of this lecture series was to show the beauty, depth and usefulness of the key ideas in computer science. While working on the lecture notes, we came to understand that one can recognize the true spirit of a scienti?c discipline only by viewing its contributions in the framework of science as a whole. We present computer science here as a fundamental science that, interacting with other scienti?c disciplines, changed and changes our view on the world, that contributes to our understanding of the fundamental concepts of science and that sheds new light on and brings new meaning to several of these concepts. We show that computer science is a discipline that discovers spectacular, unexpected facts, that ?nds ways out in seemingly unsolvable s- uations, and that can do true wonders. The message of this book is that computer science is a fascinating research area with a big impact on the real world, full of spectacular ideas and great ch- lenges. It is an integral part of science and engineering with an above-average dynamic over the last 30 years and a high degree of interdisciplinarity. The goal of this book is not typical for popular science writing, whichoftenrestrictsitselftooutliningtheimportanceofaresearch area. Whenever possible we strive to bring full understanding of the concepts and results presented.Trade ReviewFrom the reviews: "A lucid exposition of fundamental ideas, concepts and methods of computer science, their essence and their limits, delightfully represented, and easily understandable for a broad readership. Scientific writing at its best." (Peter Widmayer, ETH Zürich)“This book originated from a series of lectures given by the author to describe what computer science is and what its principle Ideas are. Algorithms are the key concept of this book. … The inclusion of problems makes the book more than a personal reflection. The style is lively and avoids unnecessary jargon. With a good teacher, it could be suitable as a textbook on the foundations of computer science in an undergraduate classroom.” (Anthony J. Duben, ACM Computing Reviews, February, 2010)“This is a very readable book on theoretical computer science, written for nonspecialists. … Practical applications are illustrated by examples from DNA computing and quantum mechanics. … Summing Up: Recommended. Lower- and upper-division undergraduates and general readers.” (M. Bona, Choice, Vol. 47 (5), January, 2010)“The author is an acclaimed computer scientist and he proves why: apart from being an aggressive researcher, he is also an excellent teacher. Using his ability to teach complex computing topics in an interesting way, he introduces to the reader the ‘power and the magic’ of the underlying principles. … It will certainly draw interest from both undergraduate and post-graduate students of computing and allied fields. … I do recommend this beautiful book for a scientific library … .” (Soubhik Chakraborty, ACM Computing Reviews, August, 2010)Table of ContentsThe Development of Computer Science: Not Just a Driving Licence.- Algorithmics: What Programming and Baking Have in Common.- Infinity Is Not Infinity: Why Infinity Is Infinitely Important in Computer Science.- The Limits of Computability: Why There Exist Tasks That Cannot Be Automatically Solved Using Computers.- Complexity Theory: What to Do When the Energy of the Universe Isn't Enough to Perform a Computation.- Randomness in Nature: A Source of Efficiency in Algorithmics.- Cryptography: How to Transform Drawbacks into Advantages.- Computing Using DNA Molecules: A Biological Computer on the Horizon.- Quantum Computers: Computing in the Wonderland of Particles.- How to Make a Good Decision for an Unknown Future: How to Foil an Adversary

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Book SynopsisAttacks against computer systems can cause considerable economic or physical damage. High-quality development of security-critical systems is difficult, mainly because of the conflict between development costs and verifiable correctness. Jürjens presents the UML extension UMLsec for secure systems development. It uses the standard UML extension mechanisms, and can be employed to evaluate UML specifications for vulnerabilities using a formal semantics of a simplified fragment of UML. Established rules of security engineering can be encapsulated and hence made available even to developers who are not specialists in security. As one example, Jürjens uncovers a flaw in the Common Electronic Purse Specification, and proposes and verifies a correction. With a clear separation between the general description of his approach and its mathematical foundations, the book is ideally suited both for researchers and graduate students in UML or formal methods and security, and for advanced professionals writing critical applications.Table of ContentsPrologue.- Walk-through: Using UML for Security.- Background.- Developing Secure Systems.- Model-based Security Engineering with UML.- Applications.- Tool Support.- Tool support for UMLsec.- A Formal Foundation.- Formal Systems Development with UML.- Epilogue.- Further Material.- Outlook.

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Book SynopsisSoftware product line engineering has proven to be the methodology for developing a diversity of software products and software intensive systems at lower costs, in shorter time, and with higher quality. In this book, Pohl and his co-authors present a framework for software product line engineering which they have developed based on their academic as well as industrial experience gained in projects over the last eight years. They do not only detail the technical aspect of the development, but also an integrated view of the business, organisation and process aspects are given. In addition, they explicitly point out the key differences of software product line engineering compared to traditional single software system development, as the need for two distinct development processes for domain and application engineering respectively, or the need to define and manage variability. Table of ContentsPart I Introduction Introduction to Software Product Line Engineering. - A Framework for Software Product Line Engineering. - Overview on the Example Domain: Home Automation Part II Variability Principles of Variability. - Documenting Variability in Requirements. - Documenting Variability in Design. - Documenting Variability in Realisation Part III Domain Engineering Product Management. - Domain Requirements Engineering. - Domain Design. - Domain Realisation. - Domain Testing. - Using COTS Components as Domain Artefacts Part IV Application Engineering Application Requirements Engineering. - Application Design. - Application Realisation. - Application Testing Part V Organisation Aspects Organisation. - Transition Process Part VI Experiences Experiences with Software Product Lines Appendix

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Book SynopsisFor over a decade, software process improvement (SPI) has been promoted as an approach to improve systematically the way software is developed and managed. Mostly this research and the relevant experience reports have focused on large software companies. This book collects the main results from four Norwegian industrial research and development projects on SPI carried out between 1996 and 2005. It concentrates on small and medium-sized companies, typically characterized by fast-changing environments.Trade ReviewFrom the reviews: "The continuous improvement of software processes has been a managerial focus for several decades. This book, written by Norwegian academics, ‘mainly targets researchers and graduate students in empirical software engineering.’ … The papers are varied and well written … . Academics in both information technology and software engineering will find a basis for further research projects in this title." (David Bellin, Computing Reviews, December, 2006)Table of ContentsSoftware Process Improvement – General Principles and Methods.- Lessons Learned and Recommendations from Two Large Norwegian SPI Programmes.- Improvisation in Small Software Organizations.- An Empirical Investigation of the Key Factors for Success in Software Process Improvement.- Evidence-Based Software Engineering for Practitioners.- Challenges and Recommendations when Increasing the Realism of Controlled Software Engineering Experiments.- Knowledge Management for SPI.- Postmortem Reviews: Purpose and Approaches in Software Engineering.- Value-Based Knowledge Management – the Contribution of Postmortem Reviews and Process Workshops.- A Dynamic Model of Software Engineering Knowledge Creation.- An Empirical Study of an Informal Knowledge Repository in a Medium-Sized Software Consulting Company.- An Empirical Study on the Utility of Formal Routines to Transfer Knowledge and Experience.- Process Modelling and Electronic Process Guides.- Tailoring RUP to a Defined Project Type: A Case Study.- A Workshop-Oriented Approach for Defining Electronic Process Guides – A Case Study.- Empirical Investigation on Factors Affecting Software Developer Acceptance and Utilization of Electronic Process Guides.- Six Theses on Software Process Research.- Estimation Methods.- A Review of Studies on Expert Estimation of Software Development Effort.- Reuse of Software Development Experiences – A Case Study.- Effort Estimation of Use Cases for Incremental Large-Scale Software Development.- Empirical Studies in OO and Component-based Systems.- Experiences from Introducing UML-based Development in a Large Safety-Critical Project.- An Empirical Study on Off-the-Shelf Component Usage in Industrial Projects.- Evaluating the Effect of a Delegated versus Centralized Control Style on the Maintainability of Object-Oriented Software.

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Book SynopsisMultimedia Systems discusses the basic characteristics of multimedia operating systems, networking and communication, and multimedia middleware systems. The overall goal of the book is to provide a broad understanding of multimedia systems and applications in an integrated manner: a multimedia application and its user interface must be developed in an integrated fashion with underlying multimedia middleware, operating systems, networks, security, and multimedia devices. Fundamental characteristics of multimedia operating and distributed communication systems are presented, especially scheduling algorithms and other OS supporting approaches for multimedia applications with soft-real-time deadlines, multimedia file systems and servers with their decision algorithms for data placement, scheduling and buffer management, multimedia communication, transport, and streaming protocols, services with their error control, congestion control and other Quality of Service aware and adaptive algorithms, synchronization services with their skew control methods, and group communication with their group coordinating algorithms and other distributed services. Table of Contents1 Introduction.- 2 Quality of Service.- 3 Multimedia Operating Systems.- 4 Media Server.- 5 Networks.- 6 Communication.- 7 Group Communication.- 8 Synchronization.

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Book SynopsisThis tutorial book presents revised and extended lecture notes for a selection of the contributions presented at the International Summer School on Generative and Transformational Techniques in Software Engineering (GTTSE 2009), which was held in Braga, Portugal, in July 2009. The 16 articles comprise 7 long tutorials, 6 short tutorials and 3 participants contributions; they shed light on the generation and transformation of programs, data, models, metamodels, documentation, and entire software systems. The topics covered include software reverse and re-engineering, model driven engineering, automated software engineering, generic language technology, and software language engineering.Table of ContentsAn Introduction to Software Product Line Refactoring.- Excerpts from the TXL Cookbook.- Model Synchronization: Mappings, Tiles, and Categories.- An Introductory Tutorial on JastAdd Attribute Grammars.- Model Driven Language Engineering with Kermeta; EASY Meta-programming with Rascal.- The Theory and Practice of Modeling Language Design for Model-Based Software Engineering—A Personal Perspective.- Code Transformations for Embedded Reconfigurable Computing Architectures.- Model Transformation Chains and Model Management for End-to-End Performance Decision Support; Building Code Generators with Genesys: A Tutorial Introduction; The Need for Early Aspects.- Lightweight Language Processing in Kiama .- Some Issues in the ‘Archaeology’ of Software Evolution; Teaching Computer Language Handling – From Compiler Theory to Meta-modelling; C++ Metastring Library and Its Applications.- Language Convergence Infrastructure.

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Book SynopsisThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Computer Aided Verification, CAV 2011, held in Snowbird, UT, USA, in July 2011. The 35 revised full papers presented together with 20 tool papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 161 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on the following workshops: 4th International Workshop on Numerical Software Verification (NSV 2011), 10th International Workshop on Parallel and Distributed Methods in Verifications (PDMC 2011), 4th International Workshop on Exploiting Concurrency Efficiently and Correctly (EC2 2011), Frontiers in Analog Circuit Synthesis and Verification (FAC 2011), International Workshop on Satisfiability Modulo Theories, including SMTCOMP (SMT 2011), 18th International SPIN Workshop on Model Checking of Software (SPIN 2011), Formal Methods for Robotics and Automation (FM-R 2011), and Practical Synthesis for Concurrent Systems (PSY 2011).

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Book SynopsisWhile previously available methodologies for software – like those published in the early days of object technology – claimed to be appropriate for every conceivable project, situational method engineering (SME) acknowledges that most projects typically have individual characteristics and situations. Thus, finding the most effective methodology for a particular project needs specific tailoring to that situation. Such a tailored software development methodology needs to take into account all the bits and pieces needed for an organization to develop software, including the software process, the input and output work products, the people involved, the languages used to describe requirements, design, code, and eventually also measures of success or failure.The authors have structured the book into three parts. Part I deals with all the basic concepts, terminology and overall ideas underpinning situational method engineering. As a summary of this part, they present a formal meta-model that enables readers to create their own quality methods and supporting tools. In Part II, they explain how to implement SME in practice, i.e., how to find method components and put them together and how to evaluate the resulting method. For illustration, they also include several industry case studies of customized or constructed processes, highlighting the impact that high-quality engineered methods can have on the success of an industrial software development. Finally, Part III summarizes some of the more recent and forward-looking ideas.This book presents the first summary of the state of the art for SME. For academics, it provides a comprehensive conceptual framework and discusses new research areas. For lecturers, thanks to its step-by-step explanations from basics to the customization and quality assessment of constructed methods, it serves as a solid basis for comprehensive courses on the topic. For industry methodologists, it offers a reference guide on features and technologies to consider when developing in-house software development methods or customising and adopting off-the-shelf ones.Trade Review"This book offers a comprehensive body of knowledge related to the Method Engineering discipline. It provides a summary and synthesis of all past efforts in this domain and clarifies the domain terminology. I suggest it to every researcher interested in the art of method design, not only in software engineering but also in other fields." Marko Bajec, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia"I am confident this text will prove an invaluable resource for those interested in improving the standard of software development and the resulting software applications." from the foreword by Mary O'Kane, NSW Chief Scientist & Engineer, Sydney, Australia"This book deftly balances the advantages of situational method engineering in terms of its practical application, underpinned by the solid theory from worldwide research. I heartily recommend it for both researchers and practitioners." from the foreword by Julian Edwards, Chief Operating Officer, Object Consulting, Sydney, AustraliaTable of ContentsPart I SME Basics.- Chapter 1 Introduction.- Chapter 2 Method chunks, method fragments and method components.- Chapter 3 Method Engineering as a Social Practice.- Chapter 4 Formal descriptions.- Part II Applying SME in Practice.- Chapter 5 Identification and construction of individual method chunks/fragments.- Chapter 6 Processes for creating a methodology from method parts.- Chapter 7 Tailoring a constructed method.- Chapter 8 Assessing quality.- Chapter 9 Examples of constructed processes.- Part III The Future of SME.- Chapter 10 Recent advances in SME.- Chapter 11 Final summary and future work.

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Book SynopsisThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems, MODELS 2013, held in Miami, FL, USA, in September/October 2013. The 47 full papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 180 submissions. They are organized in topical sections named: tool support; dependability; comprehensibility; testing; evolution; verification; product lines; semantics; domain-specific modeling languages; models@RT; design and architecture; model transformation; model analysis; and system synthesis.Table of ContentsTool support.- Dependability.- Comprehensibility.- Testing.- Evolution.- Verification.- Product lines.- Semantics.- Domain-specific modeling languages.- Design and architecture.- Model transformation.- Model analysis.- System synthesis.

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Book SynopsisTo learn to program is to be initiated into an entirely new way of thinking about engineering, mathematics, and the world in general. Computation is integral to all modern engineering disciplines, so the better you are at programming, the better you will be in your chosen field.The author departs radically from the typical presentation by teaching concepts and techniques in a rigorous manner rather than listing how to use libraries and functions. He presents pointers in the very first chapter as part of the development of a computational model that facilitates an ab initio presentation of subjects such as function calls, call-by-reference, arrays, the stack, and the heap. The model also allows students to practice the essential skill of memory manipulation throughout the entire course rather than just at the end. As a result, this textbook goes further than is typical for a one-semester course -- abstract data types and linked lists, for example, are covered in depth. The computational model will also serve students in their adventures with programming beyond the course: instead of falling back on rules, they can think through the model to decide how a new programming concept fits with what they already know.The book is appropriate for undergraduate students of engineering and computer science, and graduate students of other disciplines. It contains many exercises integrated into the main text, and the author has made the source code available online.Trade Review"This book builds a well-defined computation model that allows concepts that are important in technical and scientific applications -- like pointers, arrays and recursion -- to be gradually and rigorously introduced. The languages covered by the book, C and MATLAB, are highly relevant to engineering applications.Clarity of exposition, numerous well-chosen examples, pedagogical savvy, and logical sequencing of the topics all help the reader's progress through the chapters and make for an enjoyable learning experience. This book prepares one well to deal with advanced programming language constructs and the design of large, complex applications by promoting mastery of the fundamentals, by covering important practical aspects of a programmer's activity, and by instilling good design and implementation habits. It is therefore ideally suited for self-study or as a textbook in an introductory college-level programming course for engineers and similarly technically-minded students."Fabio Somenzi (University of Colorado at Boulder)Table of ContentsChap. 1, Memory: The Stack.- Chap. 2, Control.- Chap. 3, Arrays and Strings.- Chap. 4, Debugging.- Chap. 5, I/O.- Chap. 6, Memory: The Heap.- Chap. 7, Abstract Data Types.- Chap. 8, Linked Lists.- Chap. 9, Introduction to Matlab.- Chap. 10, Exploring ODEs with Matlab.- Chap. 11, Exploring Time and Frequency Domains with Matlab.- Chap. 12, Index.

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Book SynopsisIf you have tried to implement Agile in your organization, you have probably learned a lot about development practices, teamwork, processes and tools, but too little about how to manage such an organization. Yet managerial support is often the biggest impediment to successfully adopting Agile, and limiting your Agile efforts to those of the development teams while doing the same old-style management will dramatically limit the ability of your organization to reach the next Agile level.Ángel Medinilla will provide you with a comprehensive understanding of what Agile means to an organization and the manager’s role in such an environment, i.e., how to manage, lead and motivate self-organizing teams and how to create an Agile corporate culture. Based on his background as a “veteran” Agile consultant for companies of all sizes, he delivers insights and experiences, points out possible pitfalls, presents practical approaches and possible scenarios, also including detailed suggestions for further reading.If you are a manager, team leader, evangelist, change agent (or whatever nice title) and if you want to push Agile further in your organization, then this is your book. You will read how to change the paradigm of what management is about: it is not about arbitrary decisions, constant supervision and progress control, and the negotiation of changing requirements. It is about motivation, self-organization, responsibility, and the exploitation of all project stakeholders’ knowledge. We live in a different world than the one that most management experts of the 20th century describe, and companies that strive for success and excellence will need a new kind of manager – Agile managers.Trade Review"Get this book if you need an introduction to agile development." M. M. Tanik, ACM Computing Reviews, January 2013Table of ContentsA Brief History of Management.- Lean and Agile in a Nutshell.- The Agile Manager’s Role.- Motivating the Agile Workforce.- Self Organization.- Agile Structures: Scaling Agility.- Managing Capacity and Workload.- Agile Culture and Driving Change.- Final Thoughts.

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Book SynopsisEmbedded systems have long become essential in application areas in which human control is impossible or infeasible. The development of modern embedded systems is becoming increasingly difficult and challenging because of their overall system complexity, their tighter and cross-functional integration, the increasing requirements concerning safety and real-time behavior, and the need to reduce development and operation costs.This book provides a comprehensive overview of the Software Platform Embedded Systems (SPES) modeling framework and demonstrates its applicability in embedded system development in various industry domains such as automation, automotive, avionics, energy, and healthcare. In SPES 2020, twenty-one partners from academia and industry have joined forces in order to develop and evaluate in different industrial domains a modeling framework that reflects the current state of the art in embedded systems engineering.The content of this book is structured in four parts. Part I “Starting Point” discusses the status quo of embedded systems development and model-based engineering, and summarizes the key requirements faced when developing embedded systems in different application domains. Part II “The SPES Modeling Framework” describes the SPES modeling framework. Part III “Application and Evaluation of the SPES Modeling Framework” reports on the validation steps taken to ensure that the framework met the requirements discussed in Part I. Finally, Part IV “Impact of the SPES Modeling Framework” summarizes the results achieved and provides an outlook on future work.The book is mainly aimed at professionals and practitioners who deal with the development of embedded systems on a daily basis. Researchers in academia and industry may use it as a compendium for the requirements and state-of-the-art solution concepts for embedded systems development.Table of ContentsPart I Starting Situation.- Challenges in Engineering for Software-Intensive Embedded Systems.- Requirements from the Application Domains.- Part II The SPES Modeling Framework.- Introduction to the SPES Modeling Framework.- Requirements Viewpoint.- Functional Viewpoint.- Logical Viewpoint.- Technical Viewpoint.- Modeling Quality Aspects: Safety.- Modeling Quality Aspects: Real-Time.- Part III Application and Evaluation of the SPES Modeling Framework.- Overview of the SPES Evaluation Strategy.- Application and Evaluation in the Automation Domain.- Application and Evaluation in the Automotive Domain.- Application and Evaluation in the Avionics Domain.- Application and Evaluation in the Energy Domain.- Application and Evaluation in the Healthcare Domain.- Evaluation Summary.- Part IV Impact of the SPES Modeling Framework.- Lessons Learned.- Outlook.

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Book SynopsisThIS IS an English verSIOn of the book m two volumes, entitled "KeiJo Shon Kogaku (1), (2)" (Nikkan Kogyo Shinbun Co.) written in Japanese. The purpose of the book is a umfied and systematic exposition of the wealth of research results m the field of mathematical representation of curves and surfaces for computer aided geometric design that have appeared in the last thirty years. The material for the book started hfe as a set of notes for computer aided geometnc design courses which I had at the graduate schools of both computer SCIence, the umversity of Utah m U.S.A. and Kyushu Institute of Design in Japan. The book has been used extensively as a standard text book of curves and surfaces for students, practtcal engmeers and researchers. With the aim of systematic expositIOn, the author has arranged the book in 8 chapters: Chapter 0: The sIgmficance of mathemattcal representations of curves and surfaces is explained and histoncal research developments in this field are revIewed. Chapter 1: BasIc mathematical theones of curves and surfaces are reviewed and summanzed. Chapter 2: A classical mterpolation method, the Lagrange interpolation, is discussed. Although its use is uncommon in practice, this chapter is helpful in understanding Chaps. 4 and 6. Chapter 3: This chapter dIscusses the Coons surface in detail, which is one of the most important contributions in this field. Chapter 4: The fundamentals of spline functions, spline curves and surfaces are discussed in some detail.Table of Contents0. Mathematical Description of Shape Information.- 0.1 Description and Transmission of Shape Information.- 0.2 Processing and Analysis of Shapes.- 0.3 Mathematical Description of Free Form Shapes.- 0.4 The Development of Mathematical Descriptions of Free Form Curves and Surfaces.- References.- 1. Basic Theory of Curves and Surfaces.- 1.1 General.- 1.1.1 Properties of Object Shapes and Their Mathematical Representation.- 1.1.2 Design and Mathematical Representations.- 1.1.3 Invariance of a Shape Under Coordinate Transformation.- 1.2 Curve Theory.- 1.2.1 Parametric Representation of Curves; Tangent Lines and Osculating Planes.- 1.2.2 Curvature and Torsion.- 1.2.3 Frenet Frames and the Frenet-Serret Equations.- 1.2.4 Calculation of a Point on a Curve.- 1.2.5 Connection of Curve Segments.- 1.2.6 Parameter Transformation.- 1.2.7 Partitioning of a Curve Segment.- 1.2.8 Parametric Cubic Curves.- 1.2.9 Length and Area of a Curve.- 1.2.10 Intersection of a Curve with a Plane.- 1.2.11 Intersection of Two Curves.- 1.3 Theory of Surfaces.- 1.3.1 Parametric Representation of Surfaces.- 1.3.2 The First Fundamental Matrix of a Surface.- 1.3.3 Determining Conditions for a Tangent Vector to a Curve on a Surface.- 1.3.4 Curvature of a Surface.- 1.3.5 Calculation of a Point on a Surface.- 1.3.6 Subdivision of Surface Patches.- 1.3.7 Connection of Surface Patches.- 1.3.8 Degeneration of a Surface Patch.- 1.3.9 Calculation of a Normal Vector on a Surface.- 1.3.10 Calculation of Surface Area and Volume of a Surface.- 1.3.11 Offset Surfaces.- References.- 2. Lagrange Interpolation.- 2.1 Lagrange Interpolation Curves.- 2.2 Expression in Terms of Divided Differences.- References.- 3. Hermite Interpolation.- 3.1 Hermite Interpolation.- 3.2 Curves.- 3.2.1 Derivation of a Ferguson Curve Segment.- 3.2.2 Approximate Representation of a Circular Arc by a Ferguson Curve Segment.- 3.2.3 Hermite Interpolation Curves.- 3.2.4 Partitioning of Ferguson Curve Segments.- 3.2.5 Increase of Degree of a Ferguson Curve Segment.- 3.3 Surfaces.- 3.3.1 Ferguson Surface Patch.- 3.3.2 The Coons Surface Patches (1964).- 3.3.3 The Coons Surface Patches (1967).- 3.3.4 Twist Vectors and Surface Shapes.- 3.3.5 Methods of Determining Twist Vectors.- 3.3.6 Partial Surface Representation of the Coons Bi-cubic Surface Patch.- 3.3.7 Connection of the Coons Bi-cubic Surface Patches.- 3.3.8 Shape Control of the Coons Bi-cubic Surface Patch.- 3.3.9 Triangular Patches Formed by Degeneration.- 3.3.10 Decomposition of Coons Surface Patches and 3 Types in Constructing Surfaces.- 3.3.11 Some Considerations on Hermite Interpolation Curves and Surfaces.- References.- 4. Spline Interpolation.- 4.1 Splines.- 4.2 Spline Functions.- 4.3 Mathematical Representation of Spline Functions.- 4.4 Natural Splines.- 4.5 Natural Splines and the Minimum Interpolation Property.- 4.6 Smoothing Splines.- 4.7 Parametric Spline Curves.- 4.8 End Conditions on a Spline Curve.- 4.9 Cubic Spline Curves Using Circular Arc Length.- 4.10 B-Splines.- 4.11 Generation of Spline Surfaces.- References.- 5. The Bernstein Approximation.- 5.1 Curves.- 5.1.1 Modification of Ferguson Curve Segments.- 5.1.2 Cubic Bézier Curve Segments.- 5.1.3 Bézier Curve Segments.- 5.1.4 Properties of the Bernstein Basis Function and Bernstein Polynomial.- 5.1.5 Various Representations for Bézier Curve Segments.- 5.1.6 Derivative Vectors of Bézier Curve Segments.- 5.1.7 Determination of a Point on a Curve Segment by Linear Operations.- 5.1.8 Increase of the Degree of a Bézier Curve Segment.- 5.1.9 Partitioning of a Bézier Curve Segment.- 5.1.10 Connection of Bézier Curve Segments.- 5.1.11 Creation of a Spline Curve with Cubic Bézier Curve Segments.- 5.2 Surfaces.- 5.2.1 Bézier Surface Patches.- 5.2.2 The Relation Between a Bi-cubic Bézier Surface Patch and a Bi-cubic Coons Surface Patch.- 5.2.3 Connection of Bézier Surface Patches.- 5.2.4 Triangular Patches Formed by Degeneration.- 5.2.5 Triangular Patches.- 5.2.6 Some Considerations on Bézier Curves and Surfaces.- References.- 6. The B-Spline Approximation.- 6.1 Uniform Cubic B-Spline Curves.- 6.1.1 Derivation of the Curve Formula.- 6.1.2 Properties of Curves.- 6.1.3 Determination of a Point on a Curve by Finite Difference Operations.- 6.1.4 Inverse Transformation of a Curve.- 6.1.5 Change of Polygon Vertices.- 6.2 Uniform Bi-cubic B-Spline Surfaces.- 6.2.1 Surface Patch Formulas.- 6.2.2 Determination of a Point on a Surface by Finite Difference Operations.- 6.2.3 Inverse Transformation of a Surface.- 6.2.4 Surfaces of Revolution.- 6.3 B-Spline Functions and Their Properties (1).- 6.4 B-Spline Functions and Their Properties (2).- 6.5 Derivation of B-Spline Functions.- 6.6 B-Spline Curve Type (1).- 6.7 B-Spline Curve Type (2).- 6.8 Recursive Calculation of B-Spline Functions.- 6.9 B-Spline Functions and Their Properties (3).- 6.10 B-Spline Curve Type (3).- 6.11 Differentiation of B-Spline Curves.- 6.12 Geometrical Properties of B-Spline Curves.- 6.13 Determination of a Point on a Curve by Linear Operations.- 6.14 Insertion of Knots.- 6.15 Curve Generation by Geometrical Processing.- 6.16 Interpolation of a Sequence of Points with a B-Spline Curve.- 6.17 Matrix Expression of B-Spline Curves.- 6.18 Expression of the Functions C0,0(t), C0,1(t), C1,0(t) and C1,1(t) by B-Spline Functions.- 6.19 General B-Spline Surfaces.- References.- 7. The Rational Polynomial Curves.- 7.1 Derivation of Parametric Conic Section Curves.- 7.2 Classification of Conic Section Curves.- 7.3 Parabolas.- 7.4 Circular Arc Formulas.- 7.5 Cubic/Cubic Rational Polynomial Curves.- 7.6 T-Conic Curves.- References.- Appendix A: Vector Expression of Simple Geometrical Relations.

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Book SynopsisObject-Process Methodology (OPM) is an intuitive approach to systems engineering. This book presents the theory and practice of OPM with examples from various industry segments and engineering disciplines, as well as daily life. OPM is a generic, domain independent approach that is applicable almost anywhere in systems engineering.Table of ContentsI Foundations of Object-Process Methodology.- 1 A Taste of OPM.- 1.1 The Wedding Example: A Sneak Preview of OPM.- 1.2 OPM Building Blocks: Objects, Processes, and States.- 1.3 Specialization and Inheritance.- 1.4 Aggregation and the Result Link.- Summary.- Problems.- 2 Object-Process Diagrams.- 2.1 Objects and Aggregation.- 2.2 Structural Relations and Structural Links.- 2.3 Processes and Procedural Links.- 2.4 System Diagram: The Top-Level OPD.- 2.5 Zooming into the Transaction Executing Process.- 2.6 The OPD Set.- 2.7 How to Read an OPD.- 2.7.1 Flow of Control.- 2.7.2 The Timeline in OPDs.- 2.7.3 Object States and Conditions.- 2.8 Completing the In-Zoomed Transaction Executing OPD.- 2.8.1 Logical XOR, AND, and OR Operators.- 2.8.2 The System Map.- 2.8.3 The Ultimate OPD.- 2.8.4 Zooming Out of Transaction Executing.- Summary.- Problems.- 3 Object-Process Language.- 3.1 Motivation for a Language.- 3.1.1 Real-Time Textual Feedback.- 3.1.2 Closing the Requirements-Implementation Gap.- 3.2 Structural Links and Structure Sentences.- 3.2.1 The First OPL Sentence.- 3.2.2 The First OPL Aggregation Sentence.- 3.3 The OPL Paragraph and the Graphics-Text Principle.- 3.3.1 Extending the OPL Paragraph.- 3.3.2 Enabling Sentences.- 3.3.3 Transformation Sentences.- 3.3.4 The SD Paragraph.- 3.4 More OPL Sentence Types.- 3.4.1 State Enumeration and Condition Sentences.- 3.4.2 AND, XOR, and OR Logical Operators.- 3.4.3 The SD1 Paragraph.- 3.4.4 In-Zooming and Out-Zooming Sentences.- 3.5 Boolean Objects and Determination Sentence.- 3.5.1 Boolean Condition Sentences.- 3.5.2 Compound Condition Sentences.- 3.5.3 State-Specified Generation Sentence.- 3.5.4 Converting a Dual-State Object into a Boolean Object.- 3.6 OPD-OPL Item Pairs and Synergy.- Summary.- Problems.- 4 Objects and Processes.- 4.1 Existence, Things, and Transformations.- 4.1.1 Objects.- 4.1.2 Transformation and Processes.- 4.2 Processes and Time.- 4.2.1 Cause and Effect.- 4.2.2 Syntactic vs. Semantic Sentence Analysis.- 4.2.3 The Process Test.- 4.3 Things.- 4.3.1 Things and Entities.- 4.3.2 The Perseverance of Things.- 4.3.3 The Essence of Things.- 4.3.4 Symbolizing Physical Things.- 4.3.5 The Origin of Things.- 4.3.6 The Complexity of Things.- 4.3.7 Thing Types.- 4.3.8 The Relativity of Object and Process Importance.- 4.3.9 Object and Process Naming.- 4.4 Informatical Objects.- 4.4.1 Telling Informatical and Physical Objects Apart.- 4.4.2 Systems and Information Systems.- 4.4.3 Translation of Informatical Objects.- 4.4.4 Toward “Pure” Informatical Objects.- 4.5 Object Identity.- 4.5.1 Change of State or Change of Identity?.- 4.5.2 Classes and Instances of Objects and Processes.- Summary.- Problems.- II Concepts of OPM Systems Modeling.- 5Dynamics.- 5.1 States.- 5.1.1 Object States and Status.- 5.1.2 Change and Effect.- 5.1.3 Explicit and Implicit Status Representations.- 5.1.4 The Input, Output, and Effect Links.- 5.1.5 State Suppression and the Effect Link.- 5.1.6 State Expression.- 5.2 Existence and Transformation.- 5.2.1 Result and Consumption Links.- 5.2.2 Procedural Links, Enablers, and Transformées.- 5.2.3 Enablers.- 5.2.4 Agents.- 5.2.5 Instruments.- 5.2.6 Enabling Links.- 5.2.7 Transformées.- 5.2.8 Odd Man Out: The Invocation Linkt.- 5.3 Object Roles with Respect to a Process.- 5.3.1 Enablers and Affectees.- 5.3.2 The Involved, Preprocess, and Postprocess Object Sets.- 5.3.3 Condition and Agent Condition Links.- 5.3.4 Operator, Operand, and Transform?.- Summary.- Problems.- 6Structure.- 6.1 Structural Relations.- 6.1.1 Structural Links.- 6.1.2 Structural Relation Directions.- 6.1.3 Unidirectional Structural Link.- 6.1.4 OPD Sentences.- 6.1.5 The Reciprocity of a Structural Relation.- 6.1.6 Null Tags and Their Default OPL Reserved Phrases.- 6.1.7 Structural Relations as Static Verbs.- 6.2 Participation Constraints and Cardinality.- 6.2.1 Participation Constraints.- 6.2.2 Parameterized Participation Constraints.- 6.2.3 Range Participation Constraints.- 6.2.4 Shorthand Notations and Reserved Phrases.- 6.2.5 Cardinality.- 6.2.6 Participation Constraints in Procedural Relations.- 6.3 The Distributive Law and Forks.- 6.3.1 Forks.- 6.3.2 Fork Degree.- 6.3.3 Fork Comprehensiveness.- 6.4 The Transitivity of Structural Relations.- 6.5 The Four Fundamental Structural Relations.- Summary.- Problems.- 7Aggregation and Exhibition.- 7.1 Aggregation-Participation: Underlying Concepts.- 7.1.1 Aggregation-Participation as a Tagged Structural Relation.- 7.1.2 The Aggregation-Participation Symbol.- 7.1.3 Sets and Order.- 7.1.4 Aggregate Naming.- 7.1.5 Aggregating Processes.- 7.2 Aggregation Hierarchy and Comprehensiveness.- 7.2.1 Aggregation Hierarchy.- 7.2.2 Aggregation Comprehensiveness.- 7.2.3 Parameterized Participation Constraints.- 7.2.4 Participation Level and Aggregational Complexity.- 7.3 Exhibition-Characterization: Underlying Concepts.- 7.3.1 The Name Exhibition-Characterization.- 7.3.2 The Exhibition-Characterization Symbol.- 7.3.3 Attribute and Operation Are Features.- 7.3.4 Exhibition Complexity.- 7.4 Features in 00 vs. OPM.- 7.5 The Four Thing-Feature Combinations.- 7.5.1 The Object-Attribute Combination.- 7.5.2 The Object-Operation Combination.- 7.5.3 The Process-Attribute Combination.- 7.5.4 Process-Operation Combination.- 7.6 The Feature Hierarchy.- 7.7 Feature-Related Natural Language Issues.- 7.7.1 Attribute Naming Dilemmas.- 7.7.2 Reserved Objects and the Measurement Unit Reserved Object.- 7.7.3 Continuous Values and Multi-Valued Attributes.- 7.7.4 Mathematical Inequalities in OPM.- 7.8 Reflective Metamodeling of an Attribute.- 7.8.1 The Size of an Attribute.- 7.8.2 The Mode of an Attribute.- 7.8.3 The Touch of an Attribute.- 7.8.4 The Source of a Feature.- 7.8.5 The Operation a Feature Carries.- Summary.- Problems.- 8 Generalization and Instantiation.- 8.1 Generalization-Specialization: Introduction.- 8.1.1 Specialization Symbol and Sentence.- 8.1.2 Process Specialization.- 8.2 Inheritance.- 8.2.1 Feature Inheritance.- 8.2.2 Structural Relations Inheritance.- 8.2.3 Procedural Link Inheritance.- 8.2.4 State Inheritance.- 8.2.5 State Specialization.- 8.2.6 Process Specialization.- 8.2.7 Generalization Complexity.- 8.3 Qualification.- 8.3.1 Qualification Inheritance.- 8.3.2 Multiple Qualification Inheritance.- 8.4 Classification-Instantiation.- 8.4.1 Classes and Instances.- 8.4.2 The Relation Between Instantiation and Specialization.- 8.4.3 The Relativity of Instance.- 8.4.4 Instance Qualification.- 8.4.5 Process Instances.- 8.4.6 Classification Complexity.- 8.5 Modifiers and Instances.- 8.5.1 Natural Language Modifiers and Shortcuts.- 8.5.2 Adjectives and Attributes.- 8.5.3 Adverbs and Operations.- 8.6 Specializations of the Involved Object Set Members.- 8.7 Non-Comprehensiveness.- 8.7.1 Non-Comprehensiveness of Fundamental Structural Relations.- 8.7.2 Non-Comprehensiveness of States and Values.- Summary.- Problems.- 9 Managing Systems’ Complexity.- 9.1 The Need for Complexity Management.- 9.1.1 Middle-Out as the De-Facto Architecting Practice.- 9.1.2 Determining the Extent of Refinement.- 9.1.3 Towards Quantifying Complexity.- 9.2 Divide and Conquer: By Aspects or by Details?.- 9.2.1 Why is Detail Decomposition Good?.- 9.2.2 When Should a New OPD Be Created?.- 9.3 The Attributes of Scaling.- 9.3.1 The Purpose of Scaling.- 9.3.2 The Mode of Scaling.- 9.3.3 Controlling Visibility by In- and Out-Zooming.- 9.3.4 The Distributivity of Procedural Links.- 9.3.5 Unfolding and Folding.- 9.3.6 State Expressing and Suppressing.- 9.3.7 Primary and Secondary Operands.- 9.4 Abstracting.- 9.4.1 Consolidating.- 9.4.2 Zoom consolidating.- 9.4.3 Paths and Path Labels.- 9.4.4 Zoom Consolidating Pitfalls.- 9.4.5 Zoom Consolidating Conditions.- 9.4.6 Fold Consolidating.- 9.5 What Happens to Procedural Links During Abstracting?.- 9.5.1 Procedural Link Precedence.- 9.5.2 Semi-Folding and Semi-Unfolding.- 9.5.3 Selective Semi-Folding and Semi-Unfolding.- 9.6 Looking at the Big Picture: The System Map and the OPM Construct Pairs.- Summary.- Problems.- III Building Systems with OPM.- 10 Systems and Modeling.- 10.1 Defining Systems.- 10.1.1 Some Existing Definitions.- 10.1.2 Function.- 10.1.3 The Various Functions of Stone.- 10.2 System Defined.- 10.2.1 System as a Relative Term.- 10.2.2 System as a Subjective Term.- 10.2.3 The Function of Naturaland Artificial Systems.- 10.3 Goal, Concept, and Function.- 10.3.1 The Intent and Goal of Artificial Systems.- 10.3.2 Telling System Function and Dynamics Apart.- 10.3.3 Function, Structure, and Behavior.- 10.4 System Architecture.- 10.4.1 Function vs. Dynamics.- 10.4.2 The Concept Behind a System.- 10.4.3 The Origin and Essence of Systems.- 10.5 Objects, Systems, and Products.- 10.5.1 Product Defined.- 10.5.2 The Object-System-Product Hierarchy.- 10.5.3 Goods, Services, and Projects.- 10.6 Documenting Functions of the System Architecture.- 10.6.1 The Function Hierarchy.- 10.6.2 Function Boxes and Function Sentences.- 10.6.3 Functionality.- 10.7 From Systems to Models.- 10.7.1 Some Model Definitions.- 10.7.2 Model Defined.- 10.8 Modeling Paradigms.- 10.8.1 Natural Language as a Modeling Tool.- 10.8.2 Mathematical and Symbolic Modeling.- 10.8.3 Graphic Modeling and Knowledge Representation.- 10.9 Reflective Metamodeling.- Summary.- Problems.- 11 System Lifecycle and Evolution.- 11.1 System Lifecycle.- 11.1.1 Lifecycle of Artificial Systems.- 11.1.2 Software and Product Development Processes.- 11.2 Systems Analysis and the Scientific Method.- 11.3 Categorization vs. Interdisciplinarity.- 11.4 System Engineering and the Role of the System Architect.- 11.5 An OPM Model of System Lifecycle Phases.- 11.5.1 Top-Level Description of System Evolution.- 11.5.2 Initiating the System.- 11.5.3 Developing the System.- 11.5.4 Analyzing.- 11.5.5 The Refining-Abstracting Cycles.- 11.5.6 Designing.- 11.5.7 The Waterfall Model vs. Iterative and Incremental Development.- 11.5.8 Deploying the System.- 11.6 Zooming into Analyzing.- 11.7 Zooming into Designing and Implementing.- 11.8 From Design to Implementation.- Summary.- Problems.- 12 States and Values.- 12.1 State-specified Objects and Links.- 12.1.1 Initial, Ultimate and Default States.- 12.1.2 The Transformation Attribute of a Process.- 12.1.3 Object as a Role Player for State.- 12.1.4 State Maintaining Processes.- 12.1.5 Sentences and Phrases of States and Values.- 12.1.6 Single Value Sentence.- 12.2 Telling States Apart from Values.- 12.3 Metamodeling the Attributes of Value and Their States.- 12.3.1 Numeric and Symbolic Values.- 12.3.2 Mapping Object States onto Attribute Values.- 12.4 Compound States and State Space.- 12.4.1 The Attribute Feasibility Matrix.- 12.4.2 Logical Compound States.- Summary.- Problems.- 13 Advanced OPM Concepts.- 13.1 Real-Time Issues.- 13.1.1 Sequential vs. Parallel Process Execution.- 13.1.2 Process Synchronization.- 13.1.3 Events.- 13.1.4 Chronon and Event.- 13.1.5 Basic Triggering Event Types.- 13.2 Process and State Duration.- 13.3 Processing states.- 13.4 Probability in Procedural Relations.- 13.5 Scope and Name Disambiguation.- 13.5.1 The Fundamental DAG.- 13.5.2 Scope of an Object.- 13.6 The Reserved Words “of” and “which”.- 13.6.1 The Reserved Word “of” and the Dot Operator.- 13.6.2 Using “of” with Tagged Structural Relations.- 13.6.3 The Reserved Word “which”.- 13.6.4 Operation: A Process Without Side Effect.- 13.7 Structure-Related Issues.- 13.7.1 Transitivity Strength.- 13.7.2 Hamiltonian Distance.- 13.7.3 The Fractal Relation.- 13.7.4 Covariance and Contravariance.- 13.8 OPM Metamodeling Issues.- 13.8.1 AMetamodelofThing.- 13.8.2 The Specialization-Specification Hierarchy.- 13.8.3 A Refined Generic Processing Model.- 13.8.4 Time Exception Handling.- 13.9 The OPM Construct Hierarchy.- Summary.- Problems.- 14 Systems Theory.- 14.1 The Informatics Hierarchy.- 14.1.1 Computers Are Climbing the Informatics Hierarchy.- 14.1.2 Knowledge and Understanding.- 14.2 Ontology.- 14.3 General Systems Theory.- 14.3.1 A Brief History of General Systems Theory.- 14.3.2 The Hierarchy of System Levels.- 14.4 Autopoietic vs. Allopoietic Systems.- 14.5 Systems and Humans.- 14.6 Systems Theory Characteristics.- 14.6.1 Previously Defined Characteristics.- 14.6.2 System, Environment and Beneficiaries.- 14.6.3 Control and Feedback.- 14.7 Classical Physics vs. Quantum Theory.- 14.7.1 Visualization.- 14.7.2 Causality.- 14.7.3 Locality.- 14.7.4 Self-Identity.- 14.7.5 Objectivity.- 14.8 Objectifying: Converting a Process into an Object.- Summary.- Problems.- 15 Object-Oriented Modeling.- 15.1 The Evolution of System Analysis Methods.- 15.1.1 Data Flow Diagrams.- 15.1.2 Entity-Relationship Diagrams and Their Combination with DFD.- 15.1.3 The Object-Oriented Paradigm.- 15.2 Pre-UML Object-Oriented Methods.- 15.2.1 Object Modeling Technique.- 15.2.2 Object-Oriented Software Engineering.- 15.2.3 Object-Oriented Analysis and Object-Oriented Design.- 15.2.4 Object-Oriented Systems Analysis.- 15.2.5 Object-Oriented Analysis & Design.- 15.2.6 Object Life-Cycles.- 15.2.7 The Booch Method.- 15.2.8 MOSES.- 15.2.9 The Fusion Method.- 15.2.10 OPEN Modeling Language.- 15.3 Unified Modeling Language-UML.- 15.4 Metamodeling in OO Methods.- 15.5 OO Methods - A Summary.- 15.6 Software Development Approaches and Trends.- 15.6.1 Aspect-Oriented Programming.- 15.6.2 The Rational Unified Process.- 15.6.3 Extreme Programming.- 15.6.4 Agile Modeling.- 15.7 Challenges for OO Methods.- 15.7.1 A Historic Perspective.- 15.7.2 The Encapsulation Challenge.- 15.7.3 The Model Multiplicity Challenge.- 15.7.4 Empirical Evidence of the Model Multiplicity Problem.- 15.7.5 The Complexity Management Challenge.- 15.8 OPM and OO.- 15.8.1 The UML 2.0 Initiative.- 15.8.2 Systemantica: an OPM Supporting Tool.- 15.8.3 OPM Applications and Research: Present and Future.- Summary.- Problems.- Appendix A: The ATM System.- References.

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Book SynopsisThe present book is based on the conference Software Development and Reality Construction held at SchloB Eringerfeld in Germany, September 25 - 30, 1988. This was organized by the Technical University of Berlin (TUB) in cooperation with the German National Research Center for Computer Science (GMD), Sankt Augustin, and sponsored by the Volkswagen Foundation whose financial support we gratefully acknowledge. The conference was an interdisciplinary scientific and cultural event aimed at promoting discussion on the nature of computer science as a scientific discipline and on the theoretical foundations and systemic practice required for human-oriented system design. In keeping with the conversational style of the conference, the book comprises a series of individual contributions, arranged so as to form a coherent whole. Some authors reflect on their practice in computer science and system design. Others start from approaches developed in the humanities and the social sciences for understanding human learning and creativity, individual and cooperative work, and the interrelation between technology and organizations. Thus, each contribution makes its specific point and can be read on its own merit. But, at the same time, it takes its place as a chapter in the book, along with all the other contributions, to give what seemed to us a meaningful overall line of argumentation. This required careful editorial coordination, and we are grateful to all the authors for bearing with us throughout the slow genesis of the book and for complying with our requests for extensive revision of some of the manuscripts.Table of ContentsPrologue.- 1 Thinking About Computer Science.- 1.1 Human Questions in Computer Science.- 1.2 Learning from our Errors.- 2 Living Computer Science.- 2.1 The Technical and the Human Side of Computer Science.- 2.2 Hermeneutics and Path.- 2.3 Computing: Yet Another Reality Construction.- 2.4 How Many Choices Do We Make? How Many Are Difficult?.- 2.5 From Scientific Practice to Epistemological Discovery.- 3 On Reality Construction.- 3.1 Self-Organization and Software Development.- 3.2 Software Development as Reality Construction.- 3.3 The Idea that Reality is Socially Constructed.- 4 Learning to Know.- 4.1 Scientific Expertise as a Social Process.- 4.2 How to Communicate Proofs or Programs.- 4.3 Making Errors, Making Sense, Making Use.- 4.4 Artifacts in Software Design.- 5 Computer Science and Beyond.- 5.1 The Denial of Error.- 5.2 Towards a New Understanding of Data Modelling.- 5.3 A Reappraisal of Information Science.- 6 Understanding the Computer Through Metaphors.- 6.1 Perspectives and Metaphors for Human-Computer Interaction.- 6.2 Software Tools in a Programming Workshop.- 6.3 Soft Engines — Mass-Produced Software for Working People?.- 6.4 Artificial Intelligence: A Hermeneutic Defense.- 7 Designing for People.- 7.1 Shared Responsibility: A Field of Tension.- 7.2 A Subject-Oriented Approach to Information Systems.- 7.3 Anticipating Reality Construction.- 7.4 On Controllability.- 7.5 Work Design for Human Development.- 8 Epistemological Approaches to Informatics.- 8.1 Truth and Meaning Beyond Formalism.- 8.2 Informatics and Hermeneutics.- 8.3 Language and Software, or: Fritzl’s Quest.- 8.4 Activity Theory as a Foundation for Design.- 8.5 Reflections on the Essence of Information.- Epilogue.- List of Authors.

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Book SynopsisDieses Buch richtet sich an Leser, die Anwendungsprogramme mit zweidimensionaler Graphik auf Basis der GKS-Norm entwickeln wollen. GKS hat spatere Graphik-Standards stark beeinflusst und ist als zweidimensionale Programmschnittstelle nach wie vor aktuell. Viele graphische Anwendungsprogramme verdanken ihre Langlebigkeit und Portierbarkeit GKS. Sie wurden haufig auf speziellen Graphik-Terminals entwickelt und laufen heute - mit Hilfe aktualisierter GKS-Implementierungen - auf Workstations und X-Terminals. Die zweite Auflage wurde vollstandig uberarbeitet. Zusatzlich zur FORTRAN-Sprachschale wurde die C-Sprachschale aufgenommen. Die mehrjahrigen Erfahrungen, die aus dem Zusammenspiel von neuen GKS-Anwendungsprogrammen und der Weiterentwicklung der GKS-Implementierung "newGKS" stammen, machen das Buch zu einem aktuellen Ratgeber fur die Praxis.Table of ContentsI : Einleitung.- 1. Grundkonzepte von GKS.- Worum geht es in diesem Buch? — Klärung der wichtigsten GKS-Begriffe und der Level-Struktur.- 2. Sprachanbindungen FORTRAN und C.- Abbildung der GKS-Datentypen auf real existierende Datentypen in FORTRAN und C — Baukastenprinzip für die Namen der GKS-Funktionen in FORTRAN.- 3. Für ganz Eilige.- Was man mindestens braucht, um mit GKS arbeiten zu können — Ein paar „Kochrezepte“ im Vorgriff auf spätere Kapitel.- II : Level 0a.- 4. Polyline-Ausgabe.- Am Anfang war der Strich — Liniengraphiken mit GKS — Normalisierungstransformation, NDC Space und Clipping — Attributkonzept von GKS: Bundles, Individual Attributes und Aspect Source Flags—Attribute des Polyline.- 5. Workstations.- Workstation als Abstraktion eines graphischen Ein-/Ausgabegerätes — Benutzung der Erfragefunktionen — Workstation-Attribute: Workstation-Transformation, Bundles, Farbe.- 6. Kontextregeln und Fehlerbehandlung.- Was beliebt, muß nicht erlaubt sein — Definition des Operating State — Fehlervermeidung — Standard-Fehlerbehandlung — Definition eigener Fehlerroutinen — Die „Notbremse“ in GKS.- 7. Polymarker-Ausgabe.- Von Sternchen, Bäumen und Kraftwerken— Das zweite Ausgabe-Primitiv in GKS und seine Attribute.- 8. Textausgabe.- Bilder mit tausend Worten — Komfortable Beschriftungen: von Schriftarten, Winkeln und Ausrichtungen — Wie man Beschriftungen und Legenden sauber positioniert, umrandet oder hinterlegt.- 9. Fill-Area-Ausgabe.- Vom Innenleben der Flächen — Umrandungen, ausgewählte Schraffuren und selbstgemachte Muster.- 10. Cell-Array-Ausgabe.- Von Schachbrettern bis zur Ausgabe von Photos oder „synthetischen Bildern“ — Das Rastergraphik-Primitiv in GKS.- 11. Pixel-Rückgabe.- Einmal Bildschirm und zurück — Funktionen zum Lesen von Rasterbildern — Pattern-Generierung aus anderen GKS-Primitiven.- 12. Zwei „Hintertüren“: GDP und Escape.- Grauzone des Standards: Kreise, Ellipsen und Interpolationskurven — Definition des Data Record und seiner Hilfsroutinen — Ansteuerung nicht genormter Kontrollfunktionen.- 13. Portabilität von GKS-Anwendungen.- Grenzen der Portabilität — Abhängigkeit von der GKS-Implementierung — Abhängigkeit von der Workstation: z.B. Probleme der Farbmischung, Unterschiede zwischen Rastergeräten und anderen Geräten.- 14. Bilddateien.- Handhabung von GKS-Metafiles und Programmierung eines Interpreters — Portabilität von GKS—Metafiles — Zusammenspiel GKS und CGM.- III : Level 1a.- 15. Segmente.- Der Teil und das Ganze — anwendungsspezifische Bildstrukturierung — graphische Objekte.- 16. Dynamische Bildänderungen.- Vermeidung ungewollter Bildänderungen — Kontrolle der Bildregenerierungen — Realisierung von Bildregenerierungen.- 17. Segment-Attribute.- Segmenttransformation: Wie die Bilder laufen lernen — Vorder- und Hintergründiges besorgt die Segmentpriorität— Spannend: Realisierung der Segmentmanipulationen in GKS.- IV : Level 2a.- 18. Kopieren von Segmenten.- Vom Baum zum Wald — Der Workstation-unabhängige Segmentspeicher — „Hardcopy“ auf verschiedene Typen von Bilddateien — Segmente als selbstdefinierte Symbole.- V : Level 0b.- 19. Eingabe für Einsteiger.- Keine Angst vor der Eingabe — Wie programmiert man eine Ausschnittsvergrößerung mit fünf Programmzeilen?.- 20. Eingabemodell.- Von Mäusen und Menschen — Ein bißchen Theorie muß manchmal sein — Trigger, Measure, Prompt und Echo — Die Eingabebetriebsarten in GKS.- 21. Locator-Request-Eingabe.- Im Zeichen des Fadenkreuzes — Endlich wieder Praxis — Noch einmal Koordinatensysteme — Gummibänder und Rändelschrauben.- 22. Stroke-Request-Eingabe.- Eine durchaus notwendige GKS-Funktion — Sieben auf einen Streich.- 23. Valuator-Request-Eingabe.- „Werte“ von Schiebereglern und Drehknöpfen — Simuliert oder echt.- 24. Choice-Request-Eingabe.- Wer die Wahl hat, hat die Qual — Funktionstasten und Menüeingabe: alphanumerisch oder graphisch.- 25. String-Request-Eingabe.- Zwiegespräch mit dem Rechner — Manchmal muß man auch schlichten Text eingeben — Vorbelegte Texte und wie man sie editieren kann.- VI : Level 1b.- 26. Pick-Request-Eingabe.- Erkenne Dein Segment: Grundlage interaktiver Bildmanipulationen — Segmente und Pick Identifier—Auswahlkriterien.- VII : Levels 0c, 1c und 2c.- 27. Sample-Eingabe.- Heimliche Lauscher — Programmabfragen ohne Benutzereingriff.- 28. Event-Eingabe.- Ziehe eine Ereigniskarte! — Parallel laufende Ein-/Ausgabe — Die Input Queue und wie man sie verwaltet.- VIII : Anhang.- A. Die C-Sprachanbindung zu GKS.- „Include“-Dateien und eine Liste aller GKS-Funktionen.- B. Die FORTRAN-Subset-Sprachanbindung zu GKS.- GKS für unsere „alten Kleinen“ — Eine Liste aller GKS-Funktionen, deren Name und Parameterliste geändert werden muß.- C. Begriffserklärungen.- Das GKS-Wörterbuch — Kurzerklärungen der wichtigsten GKS-Begriffe.- D. Nützliche Hilfen.- Wie man sich mit wenig Aufwand das Leben mit GKS erleichtern kann.- E. Voreinstellungen.- F. Fehlermeldungen.- Verzeichnis der GKS-Funktionen.

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Book SynopsisPraktiker, IT-Verantwortliche und Berater erhalten eine konkrete und leicht verständliche Anleitung zur Arbeit in Microsoft Dynamics AX 2009. Dieses von Microsoft als Premium-Lösung für den Mittelstand positionierte ERP-System ist für alle Unternehmen interessant, die ein leistungsfähiges System suchen, das dennoch einfach zu bedienen ist. Über ein zur besseren Verständlichkeit einfach gehaltenes, durchgängiges Fallbeispiel - die Modellfirma "Anso Technologies GmbH" - erhalten Sie das erforderliche Fachwissen zu Grundlagen und Systemfunktionen und können sämtliche zentrale Geschäftsprozesse in Dynamics AX abwickeln. Übungsaufgaben unterstützen die Erläuterungen, sodass dieses Buch auch für das Selbststudium gut geeignet ist. Das Buch bezieht sich auf die aktuelle Version Dynamics AX 2009. Neuerungen im Vergleich zur Vorgängerversion Dynamics AX 4.0 sind hervorgehoben.Table of ContentsGrundlagen und Architektur - Oberfläche und Bedienung - Logistik und Supply Chain Management - Handel und Vertriebsabwicklung - Produktionsplanung und -steuerung - Finanzmanagement

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Book SynopsisIn der Produkt-, System- und Softwareentwicklung spielt der professionelle Umgang mit Anforderungen eine entscheidende Rolle für den Erfolg der gesamten Entwicklung und für das entstehende Produkt. Dieses Buch vermittelt in kompakter Form das notwendige Grundwissen für Anforderungsmanagement. Begleitet werden die Ausführungen von Praxiserfahrungen und Beispielvorlagen.Table of ContentsWarum Anforderungsmanagement – Tätigkeiten und Abläufe im AM – Anforderungen finden, dokumentieren und validieren – Verwaltung und Pflege von Anforderungen – Nachverfolgbarkeit – Kontext Reifegrad- und Vorgehensmodelle – Anforderungs-Austausch-Format RIF – Werkzeuge – Praxiserfahrungen – Beispiele – Vorlagen

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Book SynopsisA straightforward, step-by-step introduction to clear and elegant object-oriented programming. Using a language that's perfect for this kind of programming, the book has been tested in numerous courses and workshops over ten years.Programming Smalltalk is particularly suited for readers with no prior programming knowledge. Starting from the first principles of programming, it teaches you how to use and create algorithms (reusable rules for problem-solving) and the basic building blocks of software. It goes on to explain how to develop complete applications and has a whole chapter on web applications as well as case studies.Now translated into English, this edition was completely revised to be consistent with the latest version of Cincom® VisualWorks®, a professional Smalltalk environment. All examples were created using VisualWorks, which is available without cost for educational purposes, and can be downloaded and installed on any up-to-date computer.

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Book SynopsisRobert Siegfried presents a framework for efficient agent-based modeling and simulation of complex systems. He compares different approaches for describing structure and dynamics of agent-based models in detail. Based on this evaluation the author introduces the “General Reference Model for Agent-based Modeling and Simulation” (GRAMS). Furthermore he presents parallel and distributed simulation approaches for execution of agent-based models –from small scale to very large scale. The author shows how agent-based models may be executed by different simulation engines that utilize underlying hardware resources in an optimized fashion.Table of Contents​Introduction.- Preliminaries and related work: Agent-based modeling and simulation, Parallel and distributed multi-agent simulation, Summary.- Effective and efficient model development: The need for a reference model for agent-based modeling and simulation, GRAMS – General Reference Model for Agent-based Modeling and Simulation, Summary.- Effective model execution: Model partitioning and multi-level parallelization, Example implementation of GRAMS, Summary.- Conclusions.

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Book SynopsisThis book systematically identifies the lack of methodological support for development of requirements and software architecture in the state-of-the-art. To overcome this deficiency, the QuaDRA framework is proposed as a problem-oriented approach. It provides an instantiation of the Twin Peaks model for supporting the intertwining relationship of requirements and software architecture. QuaDRA includes several structured methods which guide software engineers in quality- and pattern-based co-development of requirements and early design alternatives in an iterative and concurrent manner. Table of ContentsContext Elicitation & Problem Analysis.- Architectural Pattern Selection & Application.- Domain Knowledge Analysis.- Requirements Interaction Analysis.- Software Architecture Alternatives Derivation & Evaluation.- Problem-Oriented Requirements Engineering for Software Product Lines.

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Book SynopsisAufbau und Funktion des Raspberry Pi werden sachlich und praxisorientiert vorgestellt. Zunächst wird das System in Betrieb gesetzt, um damit eine Grundlage zu schaffen, auf die auch in Problemsituationen zurückgegriffen werden kann. Die Konfigurierung, Optimierung und Programmierung ist von besonderer Bedeutung, weil die gegenüber anderen Architekturen limitierten Ressourcen stets mit zu berücksichtigen sind. Die Schaltungstechnik der verschiedenen Raspberry Pi Boards (A, B, A+, B+, Compute Module) wird ausführlich behandelt. Der Schwerpunkt des Buches liegt auf der Hardware mit den Schnittstellen (LAN, WLAN, GPIO, seriell SPI, I2C, I2S, One-Wire), die für die Kommunikation und den Datenaustausch mit Sensoren und anderen Einheiten prädestiniert sind. Damit sind optimale und zudem kostengünstige Ergebnisse zu erzielen. Dies beinhaltet den Low Power-Betrieb, wie er insbesondere für akkubetriebene und somit für mobile Anwendungen essenziell ist.Die 3. Auflage wurde überarbeitet, erweitert und auf Raspberry Pi 4 aktualisiert.Table of ContentsEinführung: Entwicklung, Open Source, Modelle im Überblick - Schnellstart: Vorbereitung, anschließen und starten - Hardware: ARM-Architektur, Speicher, Ethernet, WLAN, Bluetooth - Konfigurierung und Optimierung: Setup, Netzwerke, Mobilfunk, Audio, Video - Software und Programmiergrundlagen: Firmware, Linux, Windows 10 IoTCore, Programmiersprachen - Hardware-Programmierung: GPIO, UART, SPI, I2C, I2S, One-Wire - Professioneller Einsatz: Low Power-Betrieb, USV, PoE, Compute Module

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Book SynopsisDas Buch fokussiert auf Eclipse-UML-Designer und Eclipse Papyrus in Bezug auf Erstellen und Visualisierung von UML- und SysML-Diagrammen im Bereich der Energietechnik. Die visuellen Modellierungs-Entwicklungsumgebungen UML-Designer (Obeo-Designer) und Papyrus werden dargestellt. Neue Features von Java 16–19 und C++20 werden zum Ermöglichen der Programmierung der Anwendungen für die Energiebranche mittels des Konzepts „Modelling4Programming“ oder „M4P“ erläutert. Jakarta-EE-Platform (Version 9.1) wird zum Erstellen von Enterprise-Anwendungen mithilfe eines Applikationsservers wie Glassfish (Version 6.2.5) dargestellt.Table of ContentsEclipse-UML/SysML-Werkzeug Papyrus.- Modellierungen der Funktionen der Stromversorgungen.- Eclipse -Neon/-Oxygen.- Eclipse -UML-Designer(Obeo Designer).- SysML Traceability.- IT-Lösungen für die Stromversorgungen.- Softwarearchitekturen.

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Book SynopsisDieses Buch erklärt das Konzept „Objektbasierung“ als wesentlichen Teil der „Objektorientierung“ und erläutert, warum Go eine Programmiersprache ist, die dieses Konzept optimal unterstützt. Anhand wesentlicher Teile des Mikrouniversums, einer großen Sammlung von Softwarekomponenten (mit Quellcode im Umfang von mehr als 53000 Programmzeilen), werden viele wichtige Datentypen mit ihren Algorithmen beschrieben.Im praktischen Teil werden diverse Programmpakete präsentiert, die nach diesem Konzept konstruiert sind.Table of ContentsTeil I Die Umsetzung objektbasierter Programmierung mit Go 1 Grundzüge objektbasierter Entwicklung 2 Aspekte von Go 3 Das Mikrouniversum Teil II Die Projekte 4 Allgemeines 5 Robi, der Roboter 6 Der Terminkalender 7 Das Spiel des Lebens 8 Die Go-Registermaschine 9 Der elektronische Griffel 10 Mini 11 Bücher12 Inferno13 Lindenmayer-Systeme

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Book SynopsisArchitekturen von Softwaresystemen sollen einfach erweiterbar und weitestgehend standardisiert sein, damit die Entwickler sich leicht über Architekturen austauschen können. Für den objektorientierten Entwurf haben sich zahlreiche wertvolle Architektur- und Entwurfsmuster herausgebildet. Diese Muster basieren auf objektorientier­­ten Prinzipien. Im Buch werden zuerst die wichtig­sten objektorientierten Prinzipien erklärt. Anschließend wird gezeigt, wie diese objektorientierten Prinzipien in den verschie­denen Architektur- und Entwurfs­mustern umgesetzt werden. Die Muster werden durch lauffähige Bei­spiele in Java illustriert.Für die neue Auflage wurden alle Muster komplett überarbeitet. Dabei wurden die relevanten Diagramme konsequent an UML 2 angepasst. Ebenso wurden die Programmbeispiele in eine einheitliche Form gebracht und sind nun mit der aktuellen Java-Version kompatibel. Der Musterkatalog wurde um das Entwurfsmuster "Memento" ergänzt. Insgesamt wurde der Musterkatalog neu gegliedert, sodass jetzt Muster der gleichen Kategorie zusammen in einem Kapitel zu finden sind.Das Buch richtet sich an Studierende der Informatik und der ingenieurwissenschaftlichen Disziplinen, sowie an berufliche Umsteiger*innen und Entwickler*innen in der Praxis.Table of Contents Softwarearchitekturen Muster Entwurfs- und Konstruktionsprinzipien zur Realisierung von Mustern Übersicht über den behandelten Katalog von Entwurfsmustern Strukturmuster Verhaltensmuster Erzeugungsmuster Übersicht über die behandelten Architekturmuster Architekturmuster zur Strukturierung eines Systems Architekturmuster für adaptierbare Systeme Architekturmuster für verteilte Systeme Architekturmuster für interaktive Systeme

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Book SynopsisDie Digitalisierung der meisten Branchen spiegelt sich in einem wachsenden Anteil der Software an der Gesamtwertschöpfung wider. Unternehmen eröffnen sich dadurch neue Möglichkeiten für technologische Innovationen. Gleichzeitig stehen sie aber vor der ständigen Herausforderung, diese Innovationen in Produkte zu überführen, die für den Kunden wertstiftend sind. Dieser Problemstellung widmeten sich bereits eine Reihe an Methoden zur Produkt- und Geschäftsmodellinnovation, die Überführung der hier gewonnenen Erkenntnisse in die konkrete Produktgestaltung bleibt jedoch eine Herausforderung.Genau hier setzt diese Arbeit an, indem sie die methodische Vorgehensweise „Value Proposition Deployment“ vorschlägt, mit der Unternehmen auf Basis technologischer Innovationen neue Wertversprechen entwickeln können. Hierzu verbindet das Value Proposition Deployment Erkenntnisse des Innovationsmanagements mit Methoden der konstruktiven Qualitätssicherung und stellt somit eine Brücke zwischen Innovations- und Qualitätsmanagement dar. Die auf Basis von 15 praxisrelevanten Gestaltungsanforderungen entwickelte Methode wird detailliert erläutert und anhand praxisnaher Fallbeispiele beschrieben.Table of ContentsProblemstellung.- Theoretischer Bezugsrahmen.- Stand der Forschung.- Analyse bestehender Ansätze im Kontext des Innovationsmanagements.- Analyse bestehender Quality Function Deployment-Ansätze.- Gestaltung des Value Proposition Deployments.- Evaluation des Value Proposition Deployments.- Schlussbetrachtung

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Book SynopsisFundamentals of object-based development.- Aspects of Go.- The micro-universe.- The software life cycle.- Various projects and programmes.

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Book SynopsisThe LNCS journal Transactions on Large-Scale Data and Knowledge-Centered Systems focuses on data management, knowledge discovery, and knowledge processing, which are core and hot topics in computer science. Since the 1990s, the Internet has become the main driving force behind application development in all domains. An increase in the demand for resource sharing (e.g., computing resources, services, metadata, data sources) across different sites connected through networks has led to an evolution of data- and knowledge-management systems from centralized systems to decentralized systems enabling large-scale distributed applications providing high scalability.This, the 50th issue of Transactions on Large-Scale Data and Knowledge-Centered Systems, contains five fully revised selected regular papers. Topics covered include data anonymization, quasi-identifier discovery methods, symbolic time series representation, detection of anomalies in time series, data quality management in biobanks, and the use of multi-agent technology in the design of intelligent systems for maritime transport.Table of ContentsA Parallel Quasi-identifier Discovery Scheme for Dependable Data Anonymisation.- Towards Symbolic Time Series Representation Improved by Kernel Density Estimators.- Anomaly Detection in Time Series.- Designing Intelligent Marine Framework Based on Complex Adaptive System Principle.- Data Item Quality for Biobanks.

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Book SynopsisProjekt Übersicht.- Forschung in China und im Ausland.- Wichtige Forschungsergebnisse.- Ausblick.

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Book Synopsis

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Book Synopsis

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Book SynopsisIn der Produkt-, System- und Softwareentwicklung spielt der professionelle Umgang mit Anforderungen eine entscheidende Rolle für den Erfolg der gesamten Entwicklung und für das entstehende Produkt. Dieses Buch vermittelt in kompakter Form das notwendige Grundwissen für Anforderungsmanagement. Begleitet werden die Ausführungen von Praxiserfahrungen und Beispielvorlagen.Table of ContentsWarum Anforderungsmanagement – Tätigkeiten und Abläufe im AM – Anforderungen finden, dokumentieren und validieren – Verwaltung und Pflege von Anforderungen – Nachverfolgbarkeit – Kontext Reifegrad- und Vorgehensmodelle – Werkzeuge – Praxiserfahrungen – Beispiele – Vorlagen

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Book SynopsisDieses Buch stellt ein neues Programmiermodell vor, das für die Entwicklung von eigenen SAP-Anwendungen verwendet werden kann. Dieses Entwurfsmuster bietet die Möglichkeit, ABAP-Programme so zu strukturieren, dass diese den Anforderungen einer teamorientierten Entwicklung sowie einer effektiven Wartbarkeit und Erweiterbarkeit gerecht werden. Zusätzlich dazu wird ein objektorientiertes Konzept für eine standardisierte und anwendungsübergreifende Implementierung von ALVs vorgestellt. Dieses Konzept kann unkompliziert und schnell eingesetzt werden und ermöglicht eine generische Auswertung von beliebigen Tabellen. Im ersten Teil des Buches werden darüber hinaus theoretische Grundlagen der Sprache ABAP Objects erläutert. Neben einer übersichtlichen Einstiegshilfe werden an dieser Stelle vor allem die Konzepte der Objektorientierung sowie deren Ausprägung innerhalb der Sprache ABAP Objects diskutiert.Table of ContentsEine Einführung in ABAP Objects – Die Konzepte der Objektorientierung in ABAP Objects – Ein neues Architekturmodell für SAP-Eigenentwicklungen – Ein Modell für anwendungsübergreifende, standardisierte ALVs – Ausblick

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Book SynopsisPraktiker, IT-Verantwortliche und Berater erhalten eine konkrete und leicht verständliche Anleitung zur Arbeit in Microsoft Dynamics AX. Dieses von Microsoft als Premium-Lösung für den Mittelstand und internationale Konzerne positionierte ERP-System ist für alle Unternehmen interessant, die ein leistungsfähiges System suchen, das dennoch einfach zu bedienen ist. Über ein zur besseren Verständlichkeit einfach gehaltenes, durchgängiges Fallbeispiel – die Modellfirma "Anso Technologies GmbH" – erhalten Sie das erforderliche Fachwissen zu Grundlagen und Systemfunktionen und können sämtliche zentrale Geschäftsprozesse in Dynamics AX abwickeln. Übungsaufgaben unterstützen die Erläuterungen, sodass dieses Buch auch für das Selbststudium gut geeignet ist. Die vierte Auflage des erfolgreichen Buches bezieht sich auf die aktuelle Version Dynamics AX 2012. Neuerungen im Vergleich zur Vorgängerversion Dynamics AX 2009 sind hervorgehoben.Table of ContentsGrundlagen und Architektur – Oberfläche und Bedienung – Logistik und Supply Chain Management – Handel und Vertriebsabwicklung – Produktionsplanung und -steuerung – Finanzmanagement

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Book SynopsisDas Buch behandelt das Thema Testing – nicht aus Sicht der Entwickler, sondern aus Sicht der professionellen Anwender. Am Beispiel einer Bank werden Vorgehensweisen und Erfahrungswerte ermittelt, die die Bedeutung des Testwesens veranschaulichen. Tatsächlich ist das Testing am Anfang des Zyklus’ entscheidend, da hier das meiste Wissen gewonnen werden kann. In dem Band werden alle wichtigen Aspekte von der Konzeption bis zur Durchführung praxisnah beschrieben. Dabei orientiert sich der Autor am IT-System Lifecycle (Einführung, Wartung, Stilllegung).Table of ContentsTest-Definitionen & Begriffe – Testarten – Lebenszyklen eines IT-Systems: Evaluation und Einführung, Nutzung und Weiterentwicklung, Stilllegung – Testwerkzeuge

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Book Synopsis

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Book Synopsis

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Book Synopsis

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