Sociology Books

Book SynopsisAdolescent developmental issues are growing globally; studies show that the percentage of adolescent mental health issues such as depression and suicide continues to escalate. Adolescent addiction problems such as substance abuse, pathological gambling and Internet addiction are intensifying. Furthermore, interpersonal problems such as violence and bullying have grown in different forms, particularly in view of the growing development of social media such as Facebook. In many studies, it was estimated that around one-fifth of adolescents may require professional help because of their psychosocial problems. In this book, the authors present the first known scientific study on the psychosocial development in Chinese adolescents in Hong Kong. A large sample was used and validated measures of positive youth development, family functioning, parent-child relational processes and adolescent risk behaviour were included in the study.

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Book Synopsis"The book and its chapters have been updated in view of the new land acquisitin law and resettlement guidelines..." -- Back cover

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Book SynopsisIn this volume the consequences of entrapment in insecure, low-status/low wage jobs of migrants and how these affect their decision to return to their origin countries via the AVRR Program during the economic crisis in Greece are examined using results from in-depth interviews. The authors suggest that regardless of the socioeconomic conditions in their origin country, workers are negatively impacted due to prolonged stay and isolation in jobs with low or zero social and labor mobility, thus promoting their entrapment. Additionally, ethnic, racial and gender division of labor alienates workers from primary and secondary solidarity groups and ties related to their origin county. In a different study, 475,760 fifteen-year-olds in 65 countries were analyzed, showing that in countries with greater inequality of family income or school inequalities, students learned less mathematics. This study offers evidence that family and school inequalities operate in part through fewer educational resources both inside and outside school. This volume also includes a study on cyberbullying, utilizing cross-sectional, longitudinal, cross-sequential, mixed-methods, qualitative, and quantitative research designs. Research is drawn from various disciplines, including psychology, sociology, media and communication studies, education, social work, and computer science, ending with recommendations for ending cyberbullying and a demand that it be considered a global concern. Later, a chapter in included on the health-illness nexus and people''s beliefs about this. The authors carried out 49 interviews in a group of TB patients, or with their families in the case of deceased patients, trying to understand their beliefs about their lives and whether or not their behavior changed with the TB or diabetes diagnosis. Authors also provide an extensive systematic literature review of ISI Web of Science (WoS), Scopus, MEDLINE/PubMed, Google Scholar, DOAJ, EbscoHOST, Scirus, Science Direct, the Cochrane Library and ProQuestusing using the following key words: fasting, Ramadan, Islam, and immunity in order to ascertain the impact of Ramadan fasting on the immune system. The problem of antisocial behavior (ASB) is also investigated. Drawing from the findings of a structured questionnaire survey on owner-occupiers of private multi-owned housing developments in Hong Kong, the authors aim to analyze the relationship between environmental design of a housing community and residents ASB perceptions. The compilation ends with a chapter social constructionism, mainly discussing the aim of intervention and the empowerment of users. The authors maintain that "it is important to discover the reality inside each individual, a reality immanent to him, connected with his thoughts and perceptions."

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Book SynopsisIn this book, the authors begin by discussing research on the digitalization of cultural heritage, illuminating the centralization and specific conservatism of digitization in Poland, a low level of access to digitized objects, and poor acclimatization to user needs. Next, a study is presented on the ethical and legal aspects of shipwrecks with a complex ownership status due to the waters they lie in and because their cargo may belong to a community that was colonised, to one that does not exist today, or to a state whose territory belongs to a different, new state. This chapter concentrates on the varied formulas for shipwreck claim, as well as the debates on state succession for underwater cultural heritage and on the return of cultural objects found in shipwrecks. Next, an investigation is offered on the dimensions of design intervention for territorial Cultural Heritage, from the typology of the object of intervention to the scale of intervention, up to identifying the specific actions that can be implemented. The authors go on to review cultural policy agendas of the EU from the macro perspective in the context of EUs Europeana project as a case of digital humanities. Additionally, they discuss how the Europeana project is currently executed and what approach it is focused on. Documentation of cultural heritage is examined as a necessity, with its importance exemplified in today''s tempestuous world, where many monuments vanish because of the advancement of human society, indifference, vandalism, terrorism, and other reasons. The new technologies established based on computer processing, laser technology, and geophysical principles are discussed. Next, a paper is presented with the goal of determining which non-invasive methods give the instructions for preparing the proper facsimile, or reprint of an out-of-print book that represents an identical reproduction of the original. In the final chapter, the authors deliberate on the modification of Building Information Modeling methodology to address the modeling and management of heritage/historic buildings, resulting in Heritage/Historic Building Information Modeling.

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Book SynopsisThis book provides an exploration into the diverse ways the Millennial generation is changing our world. The US Census Bureau puts the number of Millennials at 92 million as of 2017, making them the largest living generation in size, as well as the largest generation in the current workforce. Every generation has a unique social identity due to the formative events that shape its members values and influence their subsequent attitudes and behaviours. Yet, no other generation in history has prompted so much conversation, debate, and controversy as the Millennials. From the time they first stepped foot into our classrooms and workplaces, Millennials have been labeled as the Me Generationconsidered entitled, with expectations exceeding their qualifications. Popular press headlines have lamented the challenges of working and living with this generation of digital natives who were raised by parents dedicated to protecting their childrens self-esteem and handing out participating trophies. However, academic research has been a bit more tentative in its conclusions. Scholarship on generational differences has explored whether the Millennials are really as different as we have been led to believe, or whether all the headlines have been much ado about nothing. To date, research has yielded mixed results, finding similarities between generations in some areas of interest, and marked differences in others. Regardless, from education to technology to their impact on how we manage, lead, and work within our organizations, every industry has felt a shift because of this Millennial force. This volume explores the wide range of elements that make Millennials the subject of so much attention, bringing together the work of scholars from across disciplines to better understand this generation -- the trends they are driving, the characteristics that differentiate them, and the subsequent perspectives that are creating significant shifts in how we live and work.

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Book SynopsisVolunteering is one of the phenomena which, despite the limited amount of volunteers, is seen as highly important for the appropriate functioning of society. Volunteering and active participation in volunteer movements are considered to be the key components of civil society; they generate social self-regulation and strengthen political democracy by developing active individual citizenship. Such issues have become topical in recent years. The studies stress the importance of voluntary civic engagement for the sustainable development and maintenance of civilized societal cohesion and democracy. The researches address volunteering as just one form of social and political involvement of the citizens connected with participation in voluntary organizations and individual involvement in public discourse. However, most studies on volunteering have been prepared in the tradition more specifically focused at helping behavior and unpaid work. Many articles, book chapters and reports have disclosed volunteering in various fields such as religious organizations, schools, human services, sports, etc. Although volunteering as a topic is far from being new, the studies specifically placing volunteering in a civil society perspective are rarer. The aim of this book is to precisely further explore this perspective, using theoretical and empirical data from various sources all over the globe. The contribution of this book deals with a broad range of issues concerning social influences, gender differences and attitudes towards volunteering. Some chapters give a general outline of the adolescents development, international volunteer movement and positive youth development; describe the relationship between volunteering and volunteer satisfaction; emphasize the need to strengthen the legal protection of volunteers and examine the predictors of prosocial behavior of youth; characterize employee and youth volunteering under the conditions of sustainable community development; examine more closely the conditions and problems of volunteering under specific circumstances. However, this book deals not only with the theoretical research of differences and similarities in volunteering in different societies and countries; other intriguing issues have also been examined, such as why people volunteer, how they relate to each other and to the beneficiaries, which ideas they wish to promote, etc. Qualitative and quantitative approaches to the research have produced better insight and deeper understanding of the volunteers goals and motives, attitudes and differences. Some of the chapters in this book present the empirical results of in-depth interviews, discussions and participant observation. The editor hopes that his contribution in this book will advance our understanding of variety in volunteering; the differences between the attitudes and genders; the impact of the social and political environment on volunteering; and the influence of social settings and individual characteristics on motivation of volunteers. He also hopes that this book will contribute to the recognition of volunteering as an interesting and important topic for further scientific research. The editor wishes to thank all those who have contributed to the preparation of this book. As editor, he has invited scholars from different disciplines and countries to prepare their contributions, in order to get the broadest possible overview of the current status of knowledge in the sphere of volunteering. The editor believes that the resulting variation has been properly reflected in this book. He thanks all the authors not only for their contributions, but also for their accuracy during the preparation of the appropriate chapters.

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Book SynopsisThis book explores public perceptions, often reinforced by public service advertising campaigns, of stereotypes tied to violencewhich frequently portray men only as the aggressor, the abuser, or the perpetrator, and women only as vulnerable, helpless victims. What is even more disturbing is that research suggests that the abuse of men is often viewed by the public as a joke. It is hard for the public and law enforcement to perceive of males as victims, as that is not part of the public perception of the man brand. This research investigates exactly what that public perception of the man brand isand why public beliefs tied to gender stereotypes might be inaccurateas well as what hinders a full understanding and public acknowledgement of the true nature of that brand. This work takes a progressive first step in expanding a complete understanding of what reinforces stereotypes tied to gender and intimate partner violence.

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Book SynopsisAdvances in Sociology Research. Volume 25 opens with a chapter underscoring the importance of this age-old cultural practice of herding in relation to Basotho males and its implications to the non-formal education (NFE) policy and practice. To do this, the authors present the findings of an interpretative study conducted on a snowball-sample of thirty out of an approximated population of 22 0000 Basotho herders aged between 18 and 45 years using the transect walk, interviews and photo-voice data collection techniques. Following this, a study is presented which examined differences in the work-family conflict between the active parenting stage and the supportive parenting stage. Practical suggestions for working parents and professionals are also provided. A third study explores possible trends, issues and problems that hinder the labour market integration of youth immigrants in the EU, suggesting solutions to improve the situation. The economic recession has hit immigrants hard in most EU member states, and youth immigrants are especially vulnerable to the effects of unstable economic cycles in the labour market. Later, the methodological and ethical strengths and challenges of conducting cross-cultural qualitative interviews are analyzed. The authors conducted interviews with racial and ethnic minorities in the United States; the researcher with insider status is Chinese American and conducted research with Asian community leaders, while the researcher with outsider status is European American and studied adults who were unaccompanied refugee minors of a variety of non-European racial backgrounds. Afterwards, the American obesity epidemic is examined, particularly the way federal and state level efforts to decrease fast food consumption have been ineffective among African Americans. This is a call for a specific sociological framework that can be used to better understand race-based disparities in obesity. The succeeding chapter presents a model of working with families of children ages four to six. A relaxed and playful approach assisted by engagement and multi-sensory communication is integrated with language-based intervention. The advantages of whole family work for the treatment of common childhood problems are described. Next, the authors study the consumption of drugs by homeless children and adolescents. A dysfunctional family structure and the absence of adult role models negatively impacts access to continued treatment. The book attempts to identify and evaluate the causes, effects and treatment options for youth drug users, and the efficacy of the Mobile Outpatient Clinics model to systematize and disseminate integrated healthcare strategies for children and adolescents. The final study aims to investigate possible shifts in economic activity due to the financial crisis that may contribute to the strengthening or weakening of productive sectors and, as a result, to the change of the economic map of Europe. The authors determine that appropriate state policies should be established, especially in countries affected by the crisis, such as Greece, in order to strengthen the competitiveness of their dynamic productive sectors.

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Book SynopsisThe current book contributes to the complicated discussion of knowledge construction by demonstrating how social scientific theories of diverse subject matter in sociology, criminology, and psychology can be contextualized and operationalized from distinct paradigms. Each chapter introduces one or more theoretical perspectives as the authors examine, explicitly or implicitly, the epistemological foundations for how one might evaluate the main concepts and establish valid truth claims. No one pathway to such truth claims exists, as the diverse perspectives that these authors embrace shall demonstrate. The monograph thus intentionally includes a range of theoretical perspectives and methodologies to highlight the case for what might be designated as scientific equifinality. In effect, the notion suggests that more than one pathway can be selected to help observers move closer and closer to the truth, but each perspective shares in common the assumption that rigorous methodologies are required that transcend mere personal opinion. The edited volume, therefore, promotes the value of intellectual diversity among social scientists, while concurrently building upon a common theme. Despite the limitations of observing the social world from their peculiar social locations, analysts nevertheless can do a more effective job of wrestling with the truth by employing rigorous methodologies connected to their theoretical stances. As argued in the first chapter, it requires the overcoming of several inertial conditions that often inhibit the search for deep knowledge of the subject matter. Subsequent chapters demonstrate that, in a variety of creative ways, researchers can develop and implement innovative approaches to the study of the social world. The book stands resolutely in opposition to the post-truth narrative currently in vogue, where no one can claim to have any more reliable or credible information than anyone else.

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Book SynopsisWhat issues, challenges and problems do young people face in 21st century society? How do they make sense of their lifeworlds? Are they proactive or reactive when it comes to dealing with the multiple pressures they face? This book brings together a variety of real life accounts, many of which were assembled from empirical research, that provide an important lens through which to view what it means to be a young person in todays world. One of the main purposes of the book is to challenge dominant and taken for granted assumptions about the young. You will find discussions of the ways in which young peoples lives are consistently problematised; how some are denied basic human rights; the way that education systems consistently fail them; and how for some the threat or experience of violence and aggression can come to dominate their lives. This book has been written from a global perspective it brings together contributors who share an academic interest and professional concern to improve outcomes for young people. Space is given to understanding the importance of developing a human rights framework that will foster young peoples potential. We foreground the importance of listening to young people because they have important things to say. The reader will be invited to reflect on: what can happen when young people become politically motivated; the challenges associated with super complexity, education and globalisation; the ways in which some young people are exposed to high levels of vulnerability and risk; and how information technology is utilised to secure peer and professional support. This book draws on a range of social science disciplines psychology, sociology, political science, education studies and social policy. It will be of interest to academics, students and those with the responsibility of developing and delivering services for young people. The contributors hope it will add knowledge, understanding and awareness of the issues, problems and challenges young people face in 21st century society.

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Book SynopsisFighting for a Gender[ed] Identity is an ethnographic exploration into the increasingly popular world of white collar boxing. Travis Satterlund, a sociologist, spent over a year and a half researching a boxing gym and its participants, toiling alongside gym members, learning the boxing trade, sweating and enjoying the doses of macho from banging heads with fellow pugilists. He learned how to throw a variety of punch combinations; how to defend and parry punches; how to take a punch; he learned of the hard work, commitment, and dedication necessary to become even an average boxer; and, most importantly, he learned about the culture of KO Gym and its members. While expecting to find a gym filled with young, working-class, non-white menlike he saw on television and in movieshe was surprised when he initially arrived at KO Gym. Though there were indeed diverse, young men at the gym who trained seriously for competitions, the place was also filled with white menboth young and middle-agedwho were also training. Moreover, there were a couple of women training, and the two trainers were white, one of whom was a woman. This countered his expectations and piqued his interest. Satterlund wanted to learn about these mostly white boxers that he would later learn were almost entirely middle to upper middle-class. What brought them to the gym? What did they get out of it? Sociologically, what was happening? This book reveals that gym members used the cultural meanings associated with boxing as resources to construct boxing as an activity from which they could derive gendered identity rewards. As such, Satterlund shows how authenticity of the gym was socially constructed to meet these identity rewards and also to resolve these dilemmas. Moreover, while most of the men at the gym had secure middle-class jobs, these jobs were not the primary basis for their feelings of self-worth, especially in relation to their identity as men. In essence, then, the boxing gym offered a means for the men to compensate for their inability to signify power, control, and toughness in their professional lives. Women also sought identity rewards from boxing and had reasons to want to signify masculine qualities. For them, too, boxing was a way to signify agency and strength. Yet, they also faced dilemmas in seeking to distance themselves from other feminine women without being viewed as too masculine. At the same time, however, social class complicated matters considerably, creating other issues for both the men and the women. Satterlund thus uses the context of KO Gym and its membership to analyze the many nuances of these gender identity-related issues, focusing not only on how social class both disrupts and facilitates how a gendered space is created, but how gender inequalities are created, maintained and reproduced in white collar boxing.

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Book SynopsisThe concept of disability over the last few decades has been defined in different ways, while the policies implemented demonstrate not only at the societal level how society approaches the difficulties of a person with a disability, but also at a symbolic level: how the persons position in social development is determined and how the value system and beliefs surrounding the issue of disability are shaped. In this collection the authors explore educational integration framework and social inequalities in the context of the economic crisis that has plagued Greece over the last eight years. Next, based on the nationwide database of the Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies, the authors investigate the correlation between three cognitive skills (literacy, numeracy and problem solving in technology-rich environments) and three indicators of labour market integration of Former Soviet Union immigrants in Israel: income, job autonomy and job satisfaction. A case study was also conducted at the Institute of Psychology and Education of Kazan Federal University with the purpose of theoretically substantiating and experimentally verifying the forms and methods of volunteering as a means of preparing future educators to work with children at risk. Lastly, the authors begin to problematize the social dilemma paradigm by challenging the assumption that partners view the costs and benefits of resource pooling uniformly. A survey of 54 senior and 54 novice alliance managers about pooling 10 kinds of resources in alliances finds evidence of value asymmetry, where senior and novice managers perceive the costs and benefits of resource pooling in alliances differently.

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Book SynopsisA very first for Bangladesh, this edited book examines the complex issues of development-induced displacement and resettlement using case studies with good practice examples from a wide range of ongoing projects. The authors, who are largely practitioners in the field of resettlement studies, are well-known in the country and internationally for their expert knowledge. The book establishes a baseline for further research on resettlement and development in Bangladesh. It is rich in well-presented case studies replete with evidence-based strategies to help prevent impoverishment amongst those displaced by development projects. The chapters in this collection address emerging issues and approaches to resettlement and thus have enriched the literature in an era of rapid economic development and change. Thus, the book will remain as a valuable resource and reference or teaching aid in academic and development circles.

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Book SynopsisThis work aims to foster interest in the links between a particular theoretical and conceptual development of sociological science in Italy and the debate surrounding the history of scientific subjects, here called the epistemological history of various disciplines. The author sets out to trace the points of view emerging from Italian epistemological sociology between the early twentieth and twenty-first centuries and related to the debate on the historical and philosophical sciences. The intention resides in revealing the distinctive characteristics of the latter, their internal (logical and methodological) rather than external (historical and social) factors, while investigating the task of the new historians of science confronted with the changes caused by various knowledge and forms of technological know-how. The text provides the contemporary scientific community with a new route to follow when seeking to rationally establish and write the history of sociology. The addressees are, more than anything else, the new generation of scholars of the history of science.

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Book SynopsisAdvances in Sociology Research. Volume 26 opens with an attempt to explore the impact and extent of Kuwaits religious freedom in encouraging the accumulation of social capital for the migration workers community in Kuwait. Although Kuwaits constitution states that Islam is the state religion, numerous faith groups coexist with the majority Sunni and minority Shiite population in Kuwait. Next, the authors discuss the topic of enlightened burial reform in the 18th century Habsburg monarchy, with particular regard on Bohemia. Principal arguments are based on the idea of egalitarian medicalisation strategy which transcended social class in the new ways of treating the dead. Parental physical abuse is examined as a noxious problem in need of preventative research in China, as well as other places. Prevention may originate from professionals such as teachers, social workers, and police, as indicated by their visiting, helping, and/or punishing. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of professional prevention is unclear. Also discussed in this collection is adolescent pregnancy and early motherhood. The authors question why it is even possible to reproduce at such an early age despite the dangerous risk factors associated with adolescent pregnancies. The evolutionary history of adolescence and female reproductive strategies is analyzed from the viewpoint of evolutionary anthropology in an effort to draw conclusions. The authors also analyze the perceptions of key adults on their role in counseling adolescents to prevent unwanted pregnancies. A qualitative study based on 36 semi-structured interviews was conducted with mothers and health and academic staff in Morelos and Mexico City. Lastly, because Greece has faced the largest refugee and immigrant flows of recent years, one article highlights the efforts of the Hellenic Ministry of Education, Research and Religious Affairs and the Hellenic Government, who prepared and implemented a pedagogically correct method to enable Hellenic schools to welcome the children of refugees in October 2016.

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Book SynopsisBritish Popular Customs: Present and Past by the Rev. T. F. Thiselton Dyer details customs associated with both local and national festivals throughout the year. The book includes less common local festivals from England, Cornwall, Wales, Scotland and Ireland, as well as the more common ones celebrated across the British Isles. This book is for anyone wanting to learn more about an aspect of British history that often gets overlooked by the history books.Table of ContentsFor more information, please visit our website at:https://novapublishers.com/shop/british-popular-customs-present-and-past/

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Book SynopsisThe first chapter of Advances in Sociology Research. Volume 27 addresses epistemological tensions which reflect on the accessibility of minority groups to universities in Brazil, emphasizing the role of Afro-Brazilian women. It focuses on the cosmopolitics of gender and race, taking into consideration the feminist thinkers who have raised the prospect of the intersectionality categories in gender-dominant contexts. Next, the authors create an output-based measure of urban India's social sustainability to be used as a primary tool to provide guidance for policymakers and to assist in decision-making and monitoring urban strategies. Following this, the formation of a traditional immigrant dwelling in a rural settlement is discussed. The use of internal and external spaces by a family living with the production activities appropriate for rural life are investigated, taking into account factors such as male and female relationships, neighborhood relations, social beliefs and rituals, and celebrations in daily life. This compilation also examines the aspects of discrimination facing children living with disabilities as perpetuated by policy failures, cultural and social beliefs, attitudes and practices that still prevent them from benefitting from educational opportunities. The authors critically examine the state of health care policy in Jamaica in the context of the three leading causes of disease and mortality in the country. Communitarian epistemology is a promising view for analyzing the nature of knowledge we share. The closing chapter focuses on communitarian epistemology in the ambit of social epistemology by focusing on some important perspectives of the ongoing debate.Table of ContentsFor more information, please visit our website at:https://novapublishers.com/shop/advances-in-sociology-research-volume-27/

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Book SynopsisThis book opens with an identification of the characteristics that define contemporary social movements, including: a blurring and overlapping of taxonomical categories, an evolution towards a post-post-political stage, a great variety and hybridisation of organisational structures, an extension of activism to new social and cultural dimensions as the postmodern worldview and agendas become hegemonic, a trend to become global through the reticulated architecture of the space of flows and a capacity for action enhanced by the use of new communication technologies. Following this, the authors examine the interrelationship between data privacy, data governance, and ethics management in light of recent data privacy legislation, particularly focusing on how online activities that compromise personal data have led to the creation of new regulations that are designed to protect individual privacy rights. The current tendency in sociology to favour the naturalising of discriminations is highlighted, beginning with the example of the axiological discrimination between experts and the groups they themselves stratify. This process prioritises the "normal" and moralism. The final study applied the "exit, voice, loyalty and neglect" framework to investigate how the perceived impact of poor housing management, self-efficacy belief and sense of community influence residents' responses to poor housing management in Hong Kong.

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Book SynopsisVolume 28 focuses on the tension that runs throughout the history of humanist philosophy and science from the Renaissance to the present. A practical guide to the new interprofessional leader is examined in the following chapter. Approaches and techniques are offered for effectively fostering interprofessional teams. Next, the key modern issues of museum communication, either between a visitor and an object, or between a visitor and a museum professional, are demonstrated. The authors go on to draw upon a general model of indirect leadership and a summary of two empirical studies. The results indicate that the containing function sensegiving contributes to a favorable organizational result. The authors also highlight the impact of social media platforms and how they have changed the dynamics of Indian society, particularly focusing on recent protests, online suicides, pornography, hacking and infidelity The penultimate chapter documents the history of social work in Andalusia through its academic and professional development. A short overview of the historical phases in the Danish Welfare State development, including historical compromises between workers and farmers, as well as the Keynesian expansion of the Danish welfare states, is provided in the final chapter.

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Book SynopsisThis book has examined some of the pressing issues and challenges related to modernity, modernisation, and globalisation of the 21st century. The authors of this book are a distinguished group of social scientists from America's academia, many of whom are by-cultural and educationally trained both in the East and the West. The book has used historical and comparative perspectives and many extant sources of primary data. The authors have addressed many macro-issues such as modernity and church-state separation, America's historical role in spreading global modernity, the global expansion of democracy, the rise of a global middle class, the advent of global digital connectivity, and the recent rise of right-wing political parties in the global political landscape. The authors also examined many micro-issues such as modernization and women empowerment in India and Nigeria, the growth of a unique political culture of Islam and modernism in Sierra Leone, the problem of transition to emancipative values in the post-socialist countries of Central and Easter Europe, rise in religious hostilities in South Asia, need for modernization in dealing with minority females in America's criminal justice system, and modernity and the evolution of the rights of the disabled in America. The empirical and country studies largely support the theme of the book that modernity is a cultural and civilisational model. The global modernity has been progressing across world societies for more than two hundred years. It has been particularly remarkably advancing since the second half of the twentieth century. The world capitalist economy has become more global, world democracy has expanded, the global middle class has vastly grown, women's economic and political empowerments have widened, and global digital connectivity has increased. These social and economic transformations are far more fundamental for the future progress of democracy and global modernity. The further spread of global modernity is inevitable and irreversible. The present right-wing ideologies of nativism, localism, nationalism, fundamentalism, and divisiveness in the global political trajectory are transient and temporal peculiarities.Table of ContentsDedicationPrefaceForewordAcknowledgementsModernity, Modernization, and Globalization: Towards a Conceptual Framework: Editors IntroductionModernity, Religion and the Church and State Separation Doctrine: Issues and Challenges of Modernization and the Culture War in AmericaAmericas Global Project on Modernity: Continuity, Change, and Challenges in the 21st CenturyModernity, Power, and Politics: The Issues and Challenges of Democracy in the 21st Century (The Rise of Ultra-Rights in Global Politics)Modernity, Economic Change, and Cultural Values: Nonlinear Development of Central and East European Post-Socialist CountriesModernization, Globalization, and Transformations in Gender Equality: Laws, Social Change, and Women's Rights in IndiaWomens Modernity in Nigeria: Change and Transformations in Law, Politics, and CultureIslam, Ethnicity, and Modernity in Africa: Colonial and Post-Colonial Modernization in the West African State of Sierra LeoneModernity and Global Issues and Challenges of Religious Liberty and Tolerance: The Case of South Asia (India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh)The Modernity of the Oppressed: Chained Repression among Minority Females in Americas Criminal Justice SystemModernity and the Birth of Universal Human Rights: The Evolution of Legal Status and Cultural Attitudes Towards Disability in AmericaAbout the ContributorsIndex.

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Book SynopsisThis book first builds off the existing multicultural attachment literature to explore the concept of contextual and developmental adaptations of attachment bonds as it intersects with therapists' expectations for immigrant families living in the United States. Next, the authors use pooled data from the 2004-2007 National Election Survey to assess how race, class, and ethclass perspectives account for middle-class Mexican Americans' support for a fundamental dimension of crime control ideology, namely, whether crime should be eradicated along a continuum from conservative-punitive to liberal-preventive measures. The association of in-school bullying with suicidal behavior in school-aged youth, with a specific interest in African American adolescents is examined, in addition to protective factors against suicidal behavior in adolescents. The cross-racial interaction of learners in a former "whites only" high school in South Africa is explored in an effort to understand their day-to-day life over a period of six months. Data were obtained from several sources including interviews with students, teachers, and administrators, focus group discussions, and observations.Table of ContentsPrefaceA Multicultural Application of Attachment Theory with a Chinese Immigrant FamilyThe Mexican American Middle Class: How Their Race and Class Impact on Beliefs about Crime ControlSuicidal Behavior in Association with In-School Bullying in African American YouthDesegregation in Former White Schools of South AfricaBibliographyRelated Nova PublicationsIndex.

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Book SynopsisAs this book cogently states this is an eclectic examination of current social problems using the lenses of literature, whether fiction or non-fiction, to open doors to understanding the potential for new and creative interventions that have the potential for transformative change. The beginning quote from Toni Morrison bringing light to those who don't always find themselves true ownership to the land to which they are rooted in is a climate system for readers of this book. James Agee and Walker Evans provide a clear and yet complex vision of how they came to study three families in Hale County, Alabama. Their work gives excellent details on how to enter cultures different from their own. Hillbilly Elegy, Appalachian Reckoning and Nickel Boys all written in the past three years yield description and rhetoric that inform social scientists of the human condition. Appalachian Reckoning disputes much of what J.D. Vance wrote. Furious Hours is an excellent source for data collection and analysis. Literature is not new to social commentary but these are contemporary works that can help scholar activists and public researchers who are doing research and publishing for the public. This is a major goal of this book. Educational issues and their intersection with crime and mental issues are key topics of this cogent book. Opportunity gaps, school to prison pipeline, anxiety and many more issues are fodder for scholar activists that are adumbrated in this forceful book. The community school is proffered as a hub of services for those thorny issues. The school is the place to offer services because so many are fractured in this country today and very likely to become more so. Systemic thinking is a key part of the interventions applied currently. A plus on this topic is that systems thinking is presented in a demystifying way. Vignettes are a strength of this book in that they are what happened and they give readers insight into what worked and what didn't. If you are a bridge player, one peak is worth two finesses. The people in these vignettes are as alive today as they were when these events took place.Table of ContentsAcknowledgementsIntroduction: On the Relevancy of Toni MorrisonPrologueArt, Science, and Value: University Assisted Community SchoolsOn Making Let Us Now Praise Famous Men a Valuable Social Science Tool for Understanding Poor People and PovertyCommunity Schools: What Are They? Important Scholar Activists SpeakA Novel Way to Examine Social Science Questions: Casey Cep and Colson Whitehead, Following the Tradition of James Agee and Walker EvansThe Past, Present, and Future of the Goals of Education for All: Some Personal AsidesHistorical Antecedents: What Roles for Universities in Community ChangeAppendixEpilogueReferencesIndex.

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Book SynopsisTwo eminent Deans Emeritus in two different continents unravel contemporary social and public policy issues that are seldom discussed in traditional textbooks. In a new Dickensian era, uplifting people's lives amidst faltering social institutions and massive cultural meltdowns, policy discourse is a crucial obligation; it's a discipline that entails pragmatic vision and prescient planning. Social Policy on the Cusp is a modest attempt to unravel the nexus of nihilism that thwarts even civilization-nations' efforts to promote inclusive diversity. Brij Mohan and Guy Backman have analyzed certain aspects and issues in American, European and Asian contexts that unravel intersectionality of problems, people, and policies. Brij Mohan, a policy gadfly, examines the human condition using Nietzschean, Foucautean and Gandhian thoughts that expose the hidden malaise of unhappiness, angst and anger in a globalized world. Social policy as a euphemism, he contends, sustains chaos and resentment without transforming oppressive systems. His five chapters offer penetrating insights into the problems that a therapeutic culture breeds. With an uncanny sagacity, he examines coloniality and post-colonialism as a womb that spells paroxysms of despair. Guy Bäckman has contributed five chapters, which are based on his research and findings on poverty and inequalities that plague the world today. The vision of a better, cohesive world has guided the design of the empirically oriented chapters in Part Two. Social policy, through the use of advanced technology and algorithmic solutions, promotes transformative policy actions based on preferred values and goals rooted in cultural conditions. In a new political economy, it could become the instructions we write to ourselves to navigate a society that is smarter, safer, and more just. Two invited contributions by Stan Weeber, USA and Eleni Makri, Greece, further narrate the tales of "smart city" and "workplace discrimination" in light of the failed public policies in a new brave world.Table of ContentsPrologue; Introduction; Part One -- Hope and Happiness: A Policy Paradox; Science, Morality and Public Policy; The Mythology of a Whitopean Welfare State: la Grand Replacement; Nihilism: Policy, Principles, and Politics; Policy on the Cusp of History: Oppression, Modernity, and Colonialism. Part Two -- Post-Industrial Changes and Social Policy; The Inertia of Changes; The European Welfare Regimes: The Pursuit of Equality and Sustainability; The Nordic Welfare Model and its Social Policy; Digital Economy and Social Policy: Progress and Risks. Part Three -- Smart Cities, Resilience, and the 5G Revolution: Implications for Social Policy; Workplace Religious Diversity: A New Global Media Technology Workforce; Epilogue; Index.

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Book SynopsisSocial sustainability, as an integral dimension of sustainability, means durability or perpetuity in social structure and function. Simply speaking, social sustainability engages recycling and waste reduction in social life. Such engagement necessarily requires social actions such as community development and care, volunteering, mutuality, and socialization or enculturation to maintain social integration, health, and culture. Community development consists in urban renewal and related aid, including volunteering and its organization for mutual care, particularly for elders. The care also transpires in public support for organ transplantation to rehabilitate precarious patients. Such social action crucially hinges on cultural or ethical orientations such as egalitarianism, paternalism, and Confucianism, notably in Chinese context. The social actions, its cultural bases, and social well-being together constitute social sustainability elaborated in this volume. Essentially, this volume presents original evidence based on unprecedented empirical research to reveal, consolidate, and advance theories and principles for social sustainability. The volume thereby elaborates and unpacks structural and functional mechanisms to achieve social sustainability. Such mechanisms are evident in the research to unravel six facets of social sustainability, namely, urban renewal, community integration, volunteering commitment, eldercare, kidney transplantation, and social value orientations. All these perpetuate social commitment, solidarity, and regeneration, and prevent social risks, losses, and breakdown.Table of ContentsPreface; Residents Reception of Aid and Support for Urban Renewal; Aiding Resettled Residents to Integrate into the Community; How Does Volunteer Enrollment Induce Older Adults Commitment to Volunteering?; Personal and Societal Influences on the Support of Chinese People for Institutional Eldercare Roles in the Community; Public Priority for Allocating Kidney Transplants; Social Value Orientations: Paternalism, Liberalism, and Egalitarianism; Index.

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Book SynopsisAdvances in Sociology Research. Volume 30 opens with a review of the social determinants of health, best defined as the "conditions in the places where people live, learn, work, and play that affect a wide range of health risks and outcomes". An essay is included reflecting on interviews conducted with queer activists in Taiwan, along with observations made at the Taiwan LGBT Pride from 2011 to 2015 and the sixth ILGA-Asia Conference in 2015. Continuing, the authors examine the role of student-related matters in relation to teachers' emotions in teaching by interviewing 21 secondary school teachers in Hong Kong. The researchers try to combine appraisal theory with symbolic interactionism to study teachers' emotion. In a subsequent study, the authors use nationally representative longitudinal data to document and attempt to explain the educational success of Asian Americans. The problems in the educational system in Hong Kong are addressed, particularly focusing on how these problems cause academic stress. The results of this assessment suggest that the government should minimize the role of examinations. Next, a social analysis is provided centring on the work that Pamoza International (a Christian Outreach and Community Development non-profit organization in northern Malawi) is doing to address the problem of household food insecurity in the communities the organization serves. Research examining identification with inclusive global categories and their association with activism is reviewed. After a short study of definitions of activism and collective action and relevant theories, the authors discuss the widely used social identity approach to group processes. A focus is provided on a three-month period in 1916, when, with the help and support of the English language Singapore-based newspaper, The Straits Times, significant funds were raised inside the British Empire. It will show that this was achieved by cross-cultural cooperation between the British and a minority group, the Straits Chinese. The concluding analysis examines issues of perceived fairness in a state correctional system using findings gathered from self-reported responses inmates provided to a Prison Culture Questionnaire.Table of ContentsPreface; Risk Factors and Barriers: The Role of Social Determinants of Health in the Lives of Victims of Human Trafficking and Commercial Sexual Exploitation; Multiplicity of Queer Activism in East Asia: A Cosmopolitan Imagination for Justices; Teachers Positive Emotions and Student-Related Matters; A Comparison of the Chances of College Enrollment among Asian Americans and Their White Classmates; Education Is a Game of Wasting Time: Student Voices of the Education System in Hong Kong; Sustaining Food Security in Agrarian Households; Inclusive Global Identities and Activism; Cross Cultural Communication at the Edge of Empire; Correctional Counselors: Perceptions from Inmates in a State Prison System; Index.

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Book SynopsisIn Health Sciences it is necessary to have measuring instruments that allow analyzing various phenomena for better understanding, including those related to human sexuality. Undoubtedly, it is a sensitive issue to discuss, so it is important to have empirical indicators that are capable of measuring as accurately as possible concepts that interest researchers. The book Validation of instruments for the investigation of sexuality in vulnerable groups is written with the purpose of guiding the process of adaptation and validation of various instruments in the field of sexuality step by step to researchers, teachers and students This is a book that can be used in basic, intermediate and advanced research courses, as well as in research seminars or on methodology. It contains various validated instruments that make it useful for any area of health science and social science. This book collects, updates and analyzes the instruments currently available for the measurement of sexual health, provides a detailed guide to the questionnaires prepared, translated and validated so that health professionals can choose the instrument to use according to the subject of interest. Also, the information provided could be useful to researchers who want to know how to validate an instrument and consider carrying out research studies on issues related to human sexuality. To facilitate understanding, conceptual references related to the methodological design and the study phenomenon are included.

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Book SynopsisThis compilation opens with a focus on social validity, which refers to the extent changes in a target skill brought about by instruction actually make a difference in students'' lives. Following this, the authors examine whether marijuana policy continues to feature morality- and values-based arguments. Urbanization and related housing issues in Burkina Faso are assessed through an analysis of urban development, housing supply and demand, and financing systems. Additionally, information that facilitates a specific form of qualitative analysis is examined, as well as how fragmented modes of urban basic utilities governance is hampering the perceived benefits of urbanization across the global south. The authors investigate how women''s employment in Indonesia depends on the family structure, particularly how women''s employment differs depending on whether the woman lives in an extended family or in a nuclear family. The management of cemeteries within the urbanised areas of Kuala Lumpur, Singapore and Jakarta is studied, examining the unconventional methods of conducting a burial. The penultimate chapter aims to demonstrate that, for most people who gamble, gambling is a fundamentally social activity. The closing study assesses the way in which religious beliefs may influence the choice of a contraception method, as all methods of conception control, except natural ones, are totally forbidden by most religions.

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Book SynopsisVolume 32 first introduces the historical development of language diversity from the perspective of the economy and politics in China. The timeline is as follows: Qin Dynasty, Song Dynasty, Ming Dynasty, Qing Dynasty. Following this, a study is included wherein 11 different demographic, socioeconomic and entrepreneurial lenses were used to examine the demographic-socioeconomic-entrepreneurial nexus of more than 3000 U.S. counties. Later, the authors focus on the challenges of housing the urban poor in Jakarta, one of the largest capitals in developing countries. Particularly, urbanization and population growth issues are discussed. Mobilizations regarding migrants, asylum seekers, and refugees in Greece are investigated, as well as pro-migrant and anti-migrant citizen mobilizations and initiatives of solidarity and hostility. In the closing study, the authors check for the presence of power law degree distributions in Facebook Page Networks, analyzing data collected from 325 Facebook fan pages from an Argentinian city.

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Book SynopsisVolume 33 first looks at the efficacy of a racially defined Black community (Gemeinschaft) in mobilizing participants in the "riots" in English cities in August 2011. Following this, the authors examine the causes behind the crisis in the welfare state, from its establishment to the present day. Additionally, a brief look at the different constitutions of the welfare state on both sides of the Atlantic is provided to assess what kind of welfare state should be modernized in Germany. One study argues that the COVID-19 pandemic ironically benefited the ruling Patriotic Front and opposition parties in campaigning for the August 2021 general elections in Zambia. The authors go on to discuss blame games, socially-situated and discursively-mediated processes that attempt to assign meaning to harmful events. The logistics of turning the rural community''s challenges into opportunities within their existing social structures and conditions to develop a healthier rural community are evaluated. Lastly, cipÃ-preto is explored in the context of its symbolic value for social actors, particularly focusing on activities involving its collection, production and the sale of handicrafts.

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Book SynopsisWith a history of attracting French tourists since the 19th century and particularly during the colonial period, Vietnam has re-emerged as one of the most popular Asian destinations for the French. A number of factors augur well for a further increase in visitation. As a former colony, Vietnam has nostalgic appeal for many French visitors. After the release of the films L' lndochine, L 'amant, Le Cyclo, Papaye Vert, and the documentary-drama Dien Bien Phu in 1993, France became the main tourism source market for Vietnam. As the ethnic composition of France has changed, the French are interested in learning about cultures generally and Asian cultures, in particular. The prospect of discovering new destinations and cultures encourages them to travel long-haul. They are quality conscious and culture loving, and prefer to use their own language when traveling overseas, favouring their own cuisine even though they do enjoy the cuisine of the host countries .Travel to Vietnam offers the prospect of fulfilling a number of their preferences. Another attraction for French tourists is that Vietnam is a member of the Francophone Community. Since 1988, the French legacy has experienced a resurgence with the renovation of colonial-style properties and restaurants. Tourists have been impressed by the French-style architecture, accommodation and cuisine that is available. Despite Vietnam's long history of contact with France, Vietnamese service providers are relatively ignorant about Western countries, their people and their values. Up to now Vietnam's tourism authorities have paid little attention to the role of cultural understanding in the tourism development process and Vietnam's overseas tourism promotions have given minimal acknowledgement of the cultural characteristics of source markets including those conducted in France. Servicing French tourists is likely to be a challenge for Vietnamese service providers because of the substantial differences between the respective host and guest cultures and rules of behaviour. International tourism generally involves a cross-cultural component, particularly in the case of encounters between tourists and service providers. If it is accepted that the cultural values of Western travellers are different, it seems reasonable to conclude that the Vietnamese service providers need to consider the effect of this cultural dissimilarity on touristâhost mutual perceptions and social interaction in the intercultural service encounters. An understanding of areas of potential tourist dissatisfaction may assist the service providers to anticipate prospective negative perceptions and to address them, thereby contributing to overall holiday satisfaction, and improve the prospects of repeat visitation. It is common for destinations to attract visitation from different source countries and cultures. Nonetheless, consumer behaviour literature on cross-cultural perceptions and interaction have been largely limited to homogeneous sample populations from Western countries. Furthermore, until now there are no published studies have specifically examined touristâhost service encounters interaction and mutual perceptions in the context of Vietnam as a holiday destination. Consequently, this research has both practical and academic significances. From the theoretical perspectives, this study provides an augmented comprehension on Argyle's, Rokeach and SERVQUAL models. From the practical standpoints, this study offers service managers and marketers a heightened understanding of cross-cultural awareness for improving customer satisfaction. It acclaims an evidence base that can guide provision to meet the needs of international tourists with particular reference to the impact of rules of behaviour on touristâhost service encounters interaction. It accentuates the effect of cultural backgrounds on tourists' perceptions towards and satisfaction with service quality. By this means, it applies the empirically based models to development related challenges confronting the tourism sector in the cross-cultural settings for designing appropriate strategies with the aim of gaining a competitive advantage. Keywords: French Guests, Vietnamese Hosts, Cultural Values, Rules of Behaviour, Interactions, Satisfaction, Service Attributes and Performances.Table of ContentsPreface; Introduction; Literature Review; Methods; Results; Interpretation and Discussion; Conclusion and Implications; References; Index.

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Book SynopsisThis book pulls an array of voices together to understand the convoluted times of 2016 to 2021 and the unique times of COVID-19. The killing of George Floyd, Breanna Taylor, and the death of John Lewis are events that highlight a historical revival for numerous social justice issues. This book stresses the importance of sociologist W. I. Thomas's work: "if you define a situation as real, it is real in its consequences" -- otherwise termed the world of subjective reality. This helps explain what happened on 6 January 2021.Table of ContentsDedication; Introduction; Acknowledgments; Preface; How can you Find Freedom and Justice when you are Walking in Shackles?; Community Schools as the Perfect Place for New Ideas During the Time of COVID-19; The Twentieth Century: Beyond Bowling Alone. What connects Frederick Douglass and Donald Trump as POTUS?; Rural America and COVID-19: Why is rural America so misunderstood? Being on the Ground (1966 and 2019 to 2021 and Beyond); From Slavery to Jim Crow to the Criminal Justice System. The words of Michelle Alexander and Isabel Wilkerson. The Insurrection at Harpers Ferry, Virginia; Social Science and Rural Education. Follow the Science. Civility and the Bombers; What happened to the Social Contract? Nothing Really New Happened with Donald Trump. What Did He Know and When Did He Know It? Sweet Music of Social Justice Selma, Bloody Selma; It All Started on the Bus. Rosa Parks was so Much More than a Quiet Bus Rider. John Brown and his Acceptance of Violence to Free Slaves and Malcolm X as her Muse.; A Look into the Future by Looking at the Past; Index; Bibliography; About the Author; Postscript.

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Book SynopsisL.M. Findlay's elegant new translation is a work of textual and historical scholarship. Few books have had as much of an impact on modern history as The Communist Manifesto. Since it was first published in 1848, it has become the rallying cry for revolutionary movements around the world. This new Broadview edition draws on the 1888 Samuel Moore translation supervised by Engels—the standard English version in Marxist discourse—and on the original Helen Macfarlane translation into English of 1850. Throughout, Findlay draws on a variety of disciplines and maintains a broad-ranging perspective. Among the appendices are Engels' "Draft of a Communist Confession of Faith," correspondence and journalism of Marx and Engels, ten illustrations, and eight additional influential political manifestos from the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.Trade ReviewL.M. Findlay's excellent translation of The Communist Manifesto, embedded in a splendid introduction and a most carefully chosen appendix of Marx and Engels pieces, superbly places this nineteenth-century classic in an extraordinary historical context. There is no other edition at the moment that can match its quality in terms of translation, and its substance in terms of historical context." - Renate Holub, Director, Interdisciplinary Studies, University of California, Berkeley"Findlay engages the reader by depicting how personal and historical events shaped the thinking of Marx and Engels. At the same time, he clarifies why Marx and Engels pursue the manifesto format, explains its historical significance as a political genre, and highlights the importance of Marxist concerns in the post-industrial, post-Cold War era. Combined with the excellent array of appendices, Findlay's translation should enrich readers' understanding of the Manifesto's historical context and help solidify their understanding of the fundamentals of Marxism." - Bryon Moraski, University of Florida"Findlay's new edition of The Communist Manifesto is very scholarly, and the additional documents are a real bonus, providing an interesting context for the work. All in all, this is an excellent edition." - Walter Adamson, Emory UniversityTable of ContentsAcknowledgementsList of IllustrationsIntroductionA Note on the TextMarx and Engels: A Brief ChronologyThe Communist ManifestoAppendix A: From Flora Tristan’s Tour de France, September 1844Appendix B: Letter from Engels to Marx, November–December 1846Appendix C: Engels, Draft of a Communist Confession of Faith, 9 June 1847Appendix D: Marx, “The Communism of the Rheinischer Beobachter,” September 1847Appendix E: Communist Journal, No. 1, September 1847Appendix F: Engels, “Principles of Communism,” late October 1847Appendix G: Letter from Engels to Marx, 23–24 November 1847Appendix H: Engels, “On the History of the Communist League,” 1885Appendix I: Engels, “The Labour Movement in America.” Preface to the American Edition of The Condition of the Working Class in England, 26 January 1887Appendix J: Engels, “Notes On My Journey Through America and Canada,” late September 1888Appendix K: Engels, “Impressions of a Journey Round America,” late September 1888Appendix L: Manifestoes The Brunswick Manifesto (1972) a. Report on the Manifestoes of the Allied Kings Against the Republic (1793)b. Reply of the National Convention to the Manifestoes of the Kings leagued against the Republic (1793) Manifesto of the Equals (1796) Manifesto of the Delegates to their Countrymen (1797) Proclamation by Robert Emmet (1803) Manifesto of the Productive Classes of Great Britain and Ireland (1833) Manifesto Addressed to the People of Canada by the Constitutional Committee on Reform and Progress (1847) “Manifesto to Europe” (1848) Further ReadingCredits

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Book SynopsisA tiny African-American baby lies in a hospital incubator, tubes protruding from his nostrils, head, and limbs. \u0022He couldn't take the hit,\u0022 the caption warns. \u0022If you're pregnant, don't take drugs.\u0022 Ten years earlier, this billboard would have been largely unintelligible to many of us. But when it appeared in 1991, it immediately conjured up several powerful images: the helpless infant himself; his unseen environment, a newborn intensive care unit filled with babies crying inconsolably; and the mother who did this -- crack-addicted and unrepentant. Misconceiving Mothers is a case study of how public policy about reproduction and crime is made. Laura E. Gomez uses secondary research and first-hand interviews with legislators and prosecutors to examine attitudes toward the criminalization and/or medicalization of drug use during pregnancy by the legislature and criminal justice systems in California. She traces how an initial tendency toward criminalization gave way to a trend toward seeing the problem of \u0022crack babies\u0022 as an issue of social welfare and public health. It is no surprise that in an atmosphere of mother-blaming, particularly targeted at poor women and women of color, \u0022crack babies\u0022 so easily captured the American popular imagination in the late 1980s. What is surprising is the was prenatal drug exposure came to be institutionalized in the state apparatus. Gomez attributes this circumstance to four interrelated cause: the gendered nature of the social problem; the recasting of the problem as fundamentally \u0022medical\u0022 rather than \u0022criminal\u0022; the dynamic nature of t he process of institutionalization; and the specific feature of the legal institutions -- that is, the legislature and prosecutors' offices -- the became prominent in the case. At one level Misconceiving Mothers tells the story of a particular problem at a particular time and place -- how the California legislature and district attorneys grappled with pregnant women's drug use in the late 1980s and early 1990s. At another level, the book tells a more general story about the political nature of contemporary social problems. The story it tells is political not just because it deals with the character of political institutions but because the process itself and the nature of the claims-making concern the power to control the allocation of state resources. A number of studies have looked at how the initial criminalization of social problems takes place. Misconceiving Mothers looks at the process by which a criminalized social problem is institutionalized through the attitudes and policies of elite decision-makers.Trade Review"This book is a case study of how public policy about reproduction and crime is made."An interesting and readable contribution to the social problems literature and should be of particular value to those interested in the social regulation of individual behavior." --Contemporary SociologyTable of ContentsCONTENTS Acknowledgments Introduction One Discovering "Crack Babies": The News Media and Medical Science Two Lawmaking and the Making of a Social Problem Three The Politics of Pregnancy: Institutionalizing Prenatal Drug Exposure Four Claims-making in the Criminal Justice System: Prosecutors on "Crack Babies" Five Making Sense of the Gap Between Prosecutors' Rhetoric and Their Responses Conclusion Appendix A: A Note on Methodology Notes Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisWomen have been forced by economic necessity to work outside the home in large numbers since the 1960s. This sociological and economic shift has created a need for child care on a large scale since women are often unavailable to carry it out. The lower down the economic ladder a person is, the more likely that child care is a crucial issue. This book deals primarily with the issue of the federal and state governments in providing child care by means of grants, subsidies and welfare reforms.

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Book SynopsisAlthough the United States is currently the world's only military and economic superpower, the nation's superpower status may not last. The possible futures of the global system and the role of U.S. power are illuminated by careful study of the past. This book addresses the problems of conceptualizing and assessing hegemonic rise and decline in comparative and historical perspective. Several chapters are devoted to the study of hegemony in premodern world-systems. And several chapters scrutinize the contemporary position and trajectory of the United States in the larger world-system in comparison with the rise and decline of earlier great powers, such as the Dutch and British empires. Contributors: Kasja Ekholm, Johnny Persson, Norihisa Yamashita, Giovanni Arrighi, Beverly Silver, Karen Barkey, Jonathan Friedman, Christopher Chase-Dunn, Rebecca Giem, Andrew Jorgenson, John Rogers, Shoon Lio, Thomas Reifer, Peter Taylor, Albert Bergesen, Omar Lizardo, Thomas D. Hall.Table of ContentsIntroduction: Hegemonic Declines, Jonathan Friedman, Christopher Chase-Dunn; Part I On the Way to the Modern World-System; Chapter 1 Escaping a Closed Universe, Johnny Persson; Chapter 2 Structure, Dynamics, and the Final Collapse of Bronze Age Civilizations in the Second Millennium B.C., Kajsa Ekholm Friedman; Chapter 3 Plus Ça Change?, Jonathan Friedman; Part II Comparing Modern Hegemonic Declines; Chapter 4 Dutch Hegemony and Contemporary Globalization, Peter J. Taylor; Chapter 5 A Perspective on Ottoman Decline, Karen Barkey; Chapter 6 Polanyi’s “Double Movement”, Beverly J. Silver, Giovanni Arrighi; Chapter 7 Globalization, Democratization, and Global Elite Formation in Hegemonic Cycles, Thomas Ehrlich Reifer; Part III Hegemonic Decline and Resistance; Chapter 8 Indigenous Peoples and Hegemonic Change, Thomas D. Hall, James V. Fenelon; Chapter 9 Terrorism and Hegemonic Decline, Albert J. Bergesen, Omar A. Lizardo;

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Book SynopsisA study of the patterns of social change in Wallachia from the 13th century to the 20th century.

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Book Synopsis

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Book SynopsisThis book explores the significant increase in non-marital births in the United States, the possible reasons behind the change, and things that can be done to control it. In 2006, a record 38.5% of all United States births were non-marital births. Many of these children grow up in mother-only families. Although most children who grow up in mother-only families or step-parent families become well-adjusted, productive adults, the bulk of empirical research indicates that children who grow up with only one biological parent in the home are more likely to be financially worse off and have worse socio-economic outcomes (even after income differences are taken into account) compared to children who grow up with both biological parents in the home. This book analyses the trends in non-marital childbearing, discusses some of the characteristics of unwed mothers, addresses some issues involving the fathers of children born outside of marriage, covers many of the reasons for non-marital childbearing, examines the impact of non-marital births on families and on the nation, and presents the public policy interventions that have been used to prevent non-marital births or ameliorate some of the negative financial consequences that are sometimes associated with non-marital child-bearing. This is an edited, excerpted and augmented edition of a NVSR publication.

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Book SynopsisThis book presents original research results on the leading edge of sociology. Each chapter has been carefully selected in an attempt to present substantial advances across a broad spectrum.

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Book SynopsisSocial policy primarily refers to guidelines and interventions for promoting human welfare. This book links the findings from developmental psychopathology to social policy and to the importance of creating policies to prevent the development of psychopathological problems. This book also investigates the relationship between social policy and human development in the specific contest of West Sub-Saharan Africa, highlighting the important modernising, democratising and consolidating function of welfare institutions. Moreover, minimum wages have been rationalised an anti-poverty device, domestically and internationally. The authors argue that minimum wages are at best an exceedingly blunt instrument for curbing poverty, at worst may exacerbate poverty in the long-run. Furthermore, given the prevalence of mental health and/or substance use issues, supported accommodation services and residential rehabilitation services have an important role in facilitating recovery among people who experience these issues. The authors argue that supported accommodation and residential rehabilitation services share a number of similarities. A discussion on the importance of clear government policy to guide the two services types is also included, as this has the potential to enhance service provision and, ultimately, client well-being. Other chapters describe the historical development of welfare policy in Denmark, analyse the social representations of domestic violence inflicted against low income women, and provide a game-theoretic model to discuss the role of the media in earthquake prediction.

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Book SynopsisThis continuing series presents original leading edge research results in the field of sociology. Each chapter has been carefully selected in an attempt to present substantial advances across a broad spectrum. Included in this compilation are topics such as recommendations to help the advancement of scientific research in the Sudanese society; the social work education curriculum''s international focus; legal and ethical challenges of corporate social networking; social status and the disclosure of traumatic life events; societal conditions of child care in 19th century France and the U.S.; the societal effects of uneven economic growth and violence in modern-day Brazil and social work education in Ghana.

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Book SynopsisIt did not take long for the two megacities of Beijing and Shanghai to embrace the fashion of culture-led urban regeneration. Forerunner is the case of Beijing 798, wherein a semi-abandoned factory was gradually turns to the largest cluster of art production and art consumption. The process never runs smoothly as this zone is planned as high-tech industrial zone according to the comprehensive plan. During the past years, artists petitioned for preserving the factory, claiming that the preservation is significant in conserving historical buildings and sustaining the only and largest artists' village'. This book analyzes the differences of the two culture-led regeneration projects, the spatial outputs of which stem from different cultural circumstances and, respond to power relationships of a variety of actors in the urban regimes.

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Book SynopsisThis continuing series presents original leading edge research results in the field of sociology. Each chapter has been carefully selected in an attempt to present substantial advances across a broad spectrum. Included in this compilation are topics such as adolescents in foster care and their attachment-security to significant others; reducing infant mortality in newly industrialised countries; democratic failings, successes and challenges in the European Union; exploring high population density and social behaviours; and the causes and economic effects of urbanisation in Asia.

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Book SynopsisIn studying public leadership we are interested in the use of the voice to motivate, inspire, and organise public action. The focus is the leadership that stimulates co-ordinated response to the problems that the public accepts. Public leadership pulls a group of people (a society) together and co-ordinates their response to their world. This book presents topical research in the study of public leadership, including police organisation and leadership; brand leadership in a public sector context; leadership compensation in subsidiaries; exploring the public leadership performance of faith-based healthcare organisation; and educational leadership.

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Book SynopsisThis continuing series presents original leading edge research results in the field of sociology. Each chapter has been carefully selected in an attempt to present substantial advances across a broad spectrum. Included in this compilation are topics such as police practices and their impact on society; routine mobility and urban inequality; motives behind volunteerism; human sexuality education among medical students; and others.

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Book SynopsisIn this book, the authors examine Kenya''s current political, social and environmental issues. Topics discussed in this compilation include the mitigation and impacts of forest degradation in Kenya; fish biomanipulation of Kenyan lakes; the political and social dimensions associated with biotechnology regulation in Kenya; the developmentally disabled population in Kenya; status of Kenya''s environmental management and protection challenges; and economic development and food security in Kenya.

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