Social groups: religious groups and communities Books

Book SynopsisFrom 1642 to 1654 Isaac Aboab da Fonseca was the hakham (Torah scholar) and spiritual leader of the oldest Jewish community in the New World. As a Hebrew grammarian, a poet, and a mystic, as well as an excellent and very popular preacher, Aboab da Fonseca (born 1605) was not only one of the most interesting Jewish personalities of the seventeenth century, but his writings are an invaluable historical resource with regard to many aspects of Jewish life in Dutch Colonial Brazil, the local attitudes towards Jews, and corroboration of events outlined in contemporary literary sources. His forebears were so-called New Christians, having undergone compulsory conversion to Catholicism in Portugal. In order to be able to live freely as professing Jews, the family moved in about 1612 to Amsterdam. There, Hakham Isaac Uziel of Fez became his Talmud teacher; among his colleagues was Menasseh Ben Israel. In 1638 he was confirmed as one of the four hakhamim of the new congregation Talmud Torah of Amsterdam. In 1641/42 he accepted the nomination for hakham of the growing Jewish community in Recife, Brazil, where he was in charge of all rabbinical functions and gave lectures in Talmud and Hebrew. In the interim he wrote the Hebrew grammar Melekhet ha-Dikduk, published here in translation for the first time. Aboab da Fonseca enjoyed a few prosperous years until the Portuguese rebellion caused the economic ruin of the Jews of Dutch Brazil. His salary much reduced, he nevertheless remained to lead and help his people until the occupation of Recife by Brazilian-Portuguese troops on January 26, 1654. Upon returning to Amsterdam, his inclination toward mysticism made him one of the leading believers in the false messiah Shabbetai Zvi. But his writing and scholarship remained undiminished: In 1646 he wrote Zekher asiti leniflaot El, in which he described events in Dutch Brazil after the outbreak of the war; he also published a Hebrew translation of the Spanish cabbalistic works of Abraham Cohen Herrera, Casa de Dios y Puerta del Cielo, under the title Shaar ha-Shamayim (The Gate of Heaven). This first scholarly monograph on Isaac Aboab da Fonseca and his intellectual and spiritual contributions, includes discussion of his commentary on the Pentateuch entitled Parafrasis Comentada sobre el Pentateuco, as well as a consideration of Aboab's involvement in the ban of Spinoza.Trade Review‘In this study, Moisés Orfali poses the question of what can be learned from this episode and the role Aboab played about leadership in times of crisis… This book is a welcome contribution to our knowledge of the Jewish communities of the early modern New World, and Orfali can be recommended to have undertaken this important job.’ Daniël Metz, Studia Rosenthaliana

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Book SynopsisThe emancipation of the Jews of England was largely complete when George III came to the throne in 1760. Free to live how and where they wished, the Jews had been specifically exempted from the provisions of the 1753 Marriage Act which made Christian marriage the only legal option for all others. The effect of this exemption was to put the matrimonial causes of the Jews of England exclusively in the hands of their Rabbis and Dayanim (Jewish ecclesiastical judges) for the next one hundred years. No Bet Din (Jewish ecclesiastical court) anywhere in the world has left such a complete record of its transactions -- matrimonial and proselytical -- as that contained in the extant Pinkas (minute-book) of the London Bet Din from 1805 to 1855. In all other matters, including the offences punishable by transportation, Jews were subject to the jurisdiction of the civil courts. Of the estimated 150,000 convict transportees shipped to the Australian penal colonies, some seven hundred were Jews. Matrimonial and related matters involving twenty of these miscreants are recorded in the Pinkas. Jeremy Pfeffer recounts the history of the London Bet Din during these years as revealed by the Pinkas record and relates the previously untold stories of this group of Jewish convict transportees and their families.

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Book SynopsisThe dog has captured the Jewish imagination from antiquity to the contemporary period, with the image of the dog often used to characterise and demean Jewish populations in medieval Christendom. In the interwar period, dogs were still considered goyishe nakhes ("a gentile pleasure") and virtually unheard of in the Jewish homes of the shtetl. Yet Azit the Paratrooping Dog of modern Israeli cinema, one of many examples of dogs as heroes of the Zionist narrative, demonstrates that the dog has captured the contemporary Jewish imagination. The book discusses specific cultural manifestations of the relationship between dogs and Jews, from ancient times to the present. Covering a geographical range extending from the Middle East through Europe and to North America, the contributors -- all of whom are senior university scholars specializing in various disciplines -- provide a unique cross-cultural, trans-national, diachronic perspective. An important theme is the constant tension between domination/control and partnership which underpins the relationship of humans to animals, as well as the connection between Jewish societies and their broader host cultures. A public increasingly interested in cultural history in general and Jewish history in particular will benefit from the diverse perspectives provided herein. One need look no further than the popular media surrounding President Obama's choice of a canine companion: dog-owners and dog-lovers, and all those involved at university level with cultural studies, can deepen their understanding of the humancanine relationship by reading this volume.Table of ContentsForeword; Preface; Equine Mycotoxicosis; The Significance of Feed-Borne Mycotoxins in ruminant nutrition; Mycotoxicosis in Swine; Mycotoxicosis in Domestic Fowl.

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Book SynopsisSince the 1970s, the Latin American Jewish Diaspora has been recognized as a unique phenomenon in diasporic studies, due to the development of new ways of thinking about internationalism and globalization. Important works of the 1980s and 1990s established the critical role of Jews in Latin America. This collection moves the field forward by providing an interdisciplinary and comparative view of Jewish experiences through history, literature, painting, anthropology, poetry, sociology, and politics.Trade Review"Kristin Ruggiero has assembled a stellar cast of multinational and multidisciplinary scholars and artists that imparts this book both depth and variety. Geographically, the chapters range from Mexico and tropical Caribbean islands to temperate South America and its large Jewish communities. Topically, the volume tackles a multiplicity of contradictory forces and trends: anti-Semitism and Judeophilia; cultural hybridity and separation; terrorism (of various ideological hues) and communal self-defense; collective memory and amnesia. Epistemologically and aesthetically, the essays range from the intellectual impartiality and keenness of first-rate scholarly analysis to the poignant poetics of personal testimonials. The volume's documentary base extends from diplomatic dispatches and a legendary literary magazine to oral interviews and the diary of a polyglot grandmother. The result is a broad and vivid portrayal of the Jewish presence in Latin America." -- Jose Moya, UCLA, Department of History Chair, Latin American Studies Program. "Contributes significantly toward a phantom reconstruction of the multifaceted Latin American Jewish experience." -- Judith Laikin Elkin, University of Michigan, Founder of the Latin American Jewish Studies Association. "These diverse chapters enable the reader to touch the 'fragments of memory' that form an important measurre of Jewish experience in Latin America and the Caribbean. This interdisciplinary collection assembled by Ruggiero explores and celebrates individual lives and collective Jewishness. One cannot depart the pages of this volume without a deep sense of connecting with a culture committed to survival, even through genocide and holocaust. This is not a volume of numbing statistics and dry rhetoric; it is a book of passionate commitment to portraying the Jewish presence in twentieth century Latin America and the Caribbean." -- Robert Kemper & Ryan Fisher, European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies, No. 80, April 2006.Table of ContentsSimultaneity of Past & Present in Mexico; Counter discourse in Argentina: Victoria Ocampo & SUR's Attitude toward the Jews during World War II; Imagining Otherness: The Jewish Question in Brazil, 1930-1940; Argentine Jews & the Accusation of "Dual Loyalty", 1960-1962; Deconstructing Anti-Semitism in Argentina; After the AMIA Bombing: A Critical Analysis of Two Parallel Discourses; Identity & Memories of Cuban Jews; While Waiting for the Ferry to Cuba: Afterthoughts about Adio Kerida; Caribbean Hybridity & the Jews of Martinique; Mexico: The Rise & Fall of Yiddish; Traces of Memory; Surviving Genocide; Poetry as a Strategy for Resistance in the Holocaust & the Southern Cone Genocides.

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Book SynopsisThis book tells the story of Di Warheit ("The Truth"), a Yiddish daily established in New York in late 1905. Its founder, Louis Miller (1866-1927), emigrated from Russia to the US in 1884, and by 1897 was the leader of a group that established the Forverts, later to be the most successful Yiddish newspaper in the United States. Common wisdom depict Miller's social leaning as stemming from ego and opportunism, but Ehud Manor suggests that his publishing philosophy was based primarily on ideological and political grounds. Why to begin his story in 1905? Because in that year 'The Jewish Question', especially in Russia with its pogroms, turned dramatic. Miller understood that the time had come for a paradigm shift. The result was labelled Klal-Yisruel Politics, a combined nationalist all-Jewish effort to ameliorate the Jewish condition' wherever Jews suffered or were oppressed. The drive behind Miller's decision to run Di Warheit was his eagerness to promote a progressive, non-radical and pragmatic political mind set among his immigrant brethren. This somewhat forgotten chapter in American Jewish history is told here in chronological order, mainly through the texts of Miller's newspaper. Each chapter is dedicated to the main issue that drove Miller's publishing effort at a specific time period, and in response to external events impacting on Jewry, until the management forced him out of Di Warheit due to his non-conventional interpretation of the war that broke out in Europe in 1914. This long-awaited book tells the story of a Yiddish-speaking socialist, who, after denying the very existence of a specific Jewish people, was open-minded enough to re-examine his beliefs and courageous enough to publicly change his mind. But he paid the price for telling, or at least trying to tell, that truth.

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Book SynopsisThis book documents and analyses the transformations in the Jewish-owned economy active in Salonica during the period of the consolidating Greek nation-state, prior to World War II. Based on archival materials, the author provides a comprehensive, comparative inter-ethnic empirical study of Jewish entrepreneurial patterns for two distinct historical periods: the multi-ethnic business world of Greek Macedonia (1912-1922) after its incorporation into the Greek nation-state; and the era of minority-majority relations (1923-1940), following a radical modification of the city's demographic composition -- a process that culminated in Salonica's ethnic unification. A macro analysis combines a comparative static overview of the Jewish-owned firms vs. the Greek-owned firms active in the city at three points in time (1912, 1921, 1930), with a dynamic analysis focusing on transitions in structure and entrepreneurial behaviour. A micro analysis then examines the characteristics of Salonica's Jewish entrepreneurial elite, its businessmen and professionals, including class resources, familial and ethnic networks, business strategies and methods. Included in the analysis is a unique database illustrating Jewish entrepreneurial patterns during the 1930s. This study applies the "ethnic economy" approach in explaining Jewish entrepreneurial dynamics, and contributes new theoretical insights. The research presented provides hitherto unavailable details about the economic and demographic history of the Jewish community of Salonica, a city known as the "Jerusalem of the Balkans" due to it being home to the largest concentration of Sephardic Jews found in the territories once belonging to the Ottoman Empire.Trade ReviewIn this beautifully written, elegantly theorized and painstaking researched book, Orly Meron tells the story of Jewish economic activities in Salonica prior to the Nazi take-over. Steven J. Gold, Professor and Graduate Program Director, Department of Sociology, Michigan State UniversityTable of ContentsPreface; Historical overview; Polymeric dental prosthetic materials; Polymeric dental restorative materials; Applications of polymers in oral & maxillofacial surgery; Applications of polymers in periodontology treatments; Applications of polymers in orthodontic treatments; Polymeric dental impression materials; Index.

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Book SynopsisJewish drama and theatre has followed a tortuous path from extreme rabbinical intolerance to eventual secular liberalism, with its openness to the heritages of both Judaism as a culture and prominent foreign cultures, to the extent of multicultural integration. No wonder, therefore, that since biblical times until the seventeenth century there are only examples of tangential theatre practices. This initial intolerance, shared by the Church, was rooted in pagan connotations of theatre rather than in the neutral nature of the theatre medium, capable of formulating and communicating contrasting thoughts. Whereas by the tenth century the Church understood that theatre could be harnessed to its own ends, Jewish theatre was only created seven centuries later through spontaneous and amateurish theatrical practices, such as the Yiddish purim-shpil and the purim-rabbi. Due to their carnivalesque and cathartic nature these practices were tolerated by the rabbinical establishment, albeit only during the Purim holiday. But as a result, Jewish drama and theatre were created and emerged despite rabbinical antagonism. Under the influence of the Jewish Enlightenment, Yiddish-speaking theatres were increasingly established, a trend that became central in the cultural enterprise of the Jews in Israel. This process involved a renewed use of Hebrew as a spoken language, and the transition from a profound religious identity to a secular Jewish one, characterised by a basic liberalism to the extent of openness to cultures traditionally perceived as archetypal enemies of Judaism. This book sets out to analyse play-scripts and performance-texts produced in the Israeli theatre in order to illustrate these trends, and concludes that only a liberal society can bring about the full realisation of theatre's potentialities.

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Book SynopsisSingapore Malays subscribe to mostly traditional rather than modern interpretations of Islam. Singapore state officials, however, wish to curb the challenges such interpretations bring to the country's political, social, educational and economic domains. Thus, these officials launched a programme to socially engineer modern Muslim identities amongst Singapore Malays in 2003, which is ongoing. Negotiating Muslim Identities documents a variety of ethnographic encounters that point to the power struggles surrounding two basic and very different ways of living. While the Singapore state has gained some successes for its project, it has also faced significant and multiple setbacks. Amongst them, state officials have had to contend with traditional Islamic authority that Malay elders carry and who cannot be ignored because these elders are time-entrenched authority figures in their community. One of the book's significant contributions is that it documents how Singapore, an avowedly secular state, has now turned to Islam as a tool for governance. Just as significant are the insights the study provides on another aspect of Singapore state governance, one usually described as 'authoritarian'. The book demonstrates that even 'authoritarian' states can face serious obstacles in the face of religion's influence over its followers. The academic literature on Singapore Malays is sparse: this work not only fills gaps in the existing academic literature but provides new and original research data. Its data-rich ethnographic and anthropological approach show the complexities of Malay and Muslim social contexts, and complements other works that examine Southeast Asian states ' management of Islam, which has attracted much scholarship given the global interest in Islam-based politics and social organisation.

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Book SynopsisIn recent decades, the taking of hostages has proven to be a particularly effective tactic for Islamic terrorist organizations worldwide, including al Qaeda. The global jihad movement regards citizens of foreign (mainly western) countries as prime targets for abduction, although in fact local residents have constituted the majority of kidnapping victims. This book analyzes Islamic terror abductions over the last 30 years in the Middle East (Lebanon, Syria, Iraq, Iran, Yemen, and Saudi Arabia), Asia (Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, and the Philippines), Africa (the Maghreb, the Sahel regions, and Somalia), and in Russia as a part of the Russian-Chechen conflict. Discussion also focuses on the abduction by Hizballah of Israeli soldiers, the Second Lebanon War of 2006, the Mumbai terror attack (2008), the Chechen hostage crisis in Moscow and Beslan (2002 and 2004), the kidnapping of employees of the Algerian In Amenas gas facility by al Qaeda of the Maghreb' in January 2013 and the Nairobi "Westgate Mall" hostage crisis in September 2013. The role of Iran as a state sponsor of terrorism, and its patronage of terror organizations that utilize the tactic of abduction to promote Iranian interests in Lebanon and Iraq, is highlighted throughout. Discussion focuses on the challenges faced by countries whose citizens have been abducted by Islamic terror organizations and their reactions to these challenges, and provides theoretical classifications of the phenomenon of terrorism in general and terror abduction in particular.

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Book SynopsisIsaiah Berlin, in his "Tribute to a Friend", wrote about the historian Jacob L. Talmon (1916-1980): "No matter what his theoretical interests were, or the topics on which he was lecturing or writing, his deepest concern was with the Jewish people, its history, its religious, moral and social values, its place among the nations, its future in Israel and the diaspora." These words capture the essence of Talmon's political essays presented in Mission and Testimony. Talmon was chosen by an international committee of scholars as one of the twenty major historians of the twentieth century, declaring that "his historiography was a convincing apologia for human freedom." He owes his fame primarily to his magnum opus, the trilogy that began with The Origins of Totalitarian Democracy (1952), continued with Political Messianism (1960) and concluded with The Myth of the Nation and the Vision of Revolution (1981). This edited collection of Talmon's essays comprises the following: Part I, "The Nature of Jewish history", deals with the Jewish presence in history, the universal significance of Jewish history, and the impact of Jewish intellectuals. Part II, "From Anti-Semitism to the Holocaust", concerns the anti-Semitic climate of opinion that led to the Holocaust. Part III depicts the regional and global situation of the State of Israel. In Part IV, "Intellectual and Political Debates", Talmon confronts intellectuals and statesmen such as Arnold Toynbee and Menachem Begin. Part V, "Profiles in History", depicts the intellectual portraits of the historian Lewis Namier and the physicist and champion of human rights Andrei Sakharov.

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Book SynopsisKidnapping constitutes a central component in the attack repertoire of terror organisations. It is a means of promoting the goals of their organisations and their patrons. Since the 1960s, Israel has been extorted by terrorist organisations holding Israeli soldiers and civilians hostage, only to be returned in a deal securing the release of imprisoned members of these terror organisations. Since the 1980s, in the wake of the Islamic revolution in Iran and the ascent of a terror-supporting regime in that country, Islamic terror entities such as the Lebanese Hezbollah organisation and the Palestinian Hamas movement have become preeminent in the Middle East in all matters connected to terror in general, and kidnappings in particular. This study analyses the challenges that radical Islamic groups pose and the response of Israel relating to abductions in Lebanon via the Hezbollah organisation (1983-2016), and abductions in Israel via the Hamas movement (1989-2016). The main debates about prisoner exchange within Israeli society revolve around the following questions: (1) Does conceding to terrorists lead to further kidnappings? and (2) Do the terrorists that are released return to terrorist activity? The challenge issued by terror organisations to Israel whose citizens have been kidnapped, and the way Israel has risen to that challenge, is the prime focus of this study. It follows two earlier books by the author published by Sussex Academic on the regional and global aspects of terror abductions.Trade ReviewReviews of the authors earlier work (2007) include: The world of political terror abductions keeps growing, and this book is an excellent introduction. Highly recommended. -- ChoiceThis book is complete with specific details on abductions that strive to give the process a human face -- Digest of Middle East Studies

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Book SynopsisEli Ben Amram's correspondence, discovered in the Genizah of Cairo, consists of his communications with Jewish figures from Egypt, Palestine, Babylon and Spain. As the Fustat community leader during the second half of the eleventh century his writings reveal not only the political situation pertaining to the Mediterranean Basin at the time, but are unique with regard to how Jewish society fared and functioned. He was a determined writer in that he expressed himself well on many topics and wrote up his plans for his community, as well as his reservations, in dozens of letters, court documents and poems, all of which were revealed in the Genizah. Although not a senior Jewish leader, he was head of the Fustat community in Egypt -- the most important in the Jewish hemisphere during the eleventh century. He had been appointed by higher-ranked leaders, such as the Gaon from the Palestine Yeshiva, and by wealthy Jewish courtiers from Cairo. Ben Amram's local decision-making was dependent in some ways on the policies adopted by these leaders, but in turn they were aware of his key role and influence as leader of the wealthy Fustat community. His wide-ranging correspondence sheds light not only on Jewish leadership at this time, but on the prevailing circumstances under which Judaism was able to flourish. Eli Ben Amram's correspondence reveals that despite geo-political differences, there were substantive similarities among the Jewish communities of the Mediterranean Basin during early-medieval period.

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Book SynopsisThis book is a case study in the literary, psychoanalytic, and theological encounters between diasporic Muslim intellectuals and secular western modernity. It centres on the simultaneous search for the possibility of both a reformation of Islamic fundamentalism and a transformation of the exclusionary limitations of western public institutions. With roots in original research in the fields of comparative religion and cultural studies, and drawing on sources in English, French, and Arabic, the author introduces and elaborates the concept of "Western-Islamic public sphere". This concept defines what is at stake in the formative play of public representations where traditionalist foundations and modernist adaptations meet, clash, and produce discourse around their common disequilibrium. The Western-Islamic public sphere (which is secular but not secularist and which is Islamic but not Islamist), within which a critical Islamic intellectual universe can unfold, deals hermeneutically with texts and politically with lived practices. It emerges from within the arc of two alternative, conflicting, yet equally dismissive suspicions defined by a view that critical Islam is the new imperial rhetoric of hegemonic orientalism and the opposite view that critical Islam is just fundamentalism camouflaged in liberal rhetoric. This innovative and original scholarly apparatus offers a third view -- one that arises in its practice from ethical commitment to intellectual engagement, creativity, and imagination as a portal to the open horizons of conflictual history.

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Book SynopsisFollowing Spain's democratic transition during the late 1970s, political and business elites strategically exploited Spain's rich Islamic heritage in order to further projects of national redefinition, tourist promotion, and urban revitalisation. Large and ornate mosques were built in several Spanish regions, and the State granted Muslim communities an extensive array of rights and privileges that was arguably without parallel in Europe. Toward the onset of the 21st century, however, tensions surrounding Islam's growing presence in Spain became increasingly common, especially in the northeastern region of Catalonia. These tensions centered largely around the presence, or proposed establishment, of mosques in Barcelona and its greater metropolitan area. This book examines how Islam went from being an aspect of Spain's national heritage to be recovered and commemorated to a pressing social problem to be managed and controlled. It traces the events and developments that gave rise to this transformation, the diverse actors involved in the process, and the manner in which disputes over Muslim incorporation have become entangled with deeply-divisive debates over church-state relations and territorial autonomy. The core of the book centres on the shifting political and social dynamics surrounding the establishment of mosques, and the question of why anti-mosque mobilisations have been more prevalent and intense in Catalonia than other Spanish regions.

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Book SynopsisThis book examines the role of Muhammad Ibn Abd al-Wahhab (1703-1792) and his successors in reconsolidating the religious principles of Wahhabism. It explains the role of the Saudi princes in crystallizing the core of the SaudiWahhabi political entity within their tribal society. Key to this explanation is the interrelation between sedentary and nomadic populations and the consequent impact on the development of Saudi political entities prior to the emergence of the Saudi Kingdom. Texts of Wahhabi scholars are compared with those of the early Hanbali scholars, pinpointing the new religious elements introduced to foster the Wahhabi creed. Discussion focuses on the first and second generations of Wahhabi scholars who maintained the Wahhabi creed with great success, keeping its hegemony as the main doctrine in Saudi Arabia, and developing a takfiri discourse (accusing people of being infidels) which by the nineteenth century had become the main religious and political weapon by which the Wahhabis mobilized supporters against their political and religious adversaries. To better understand this development, the meaning of kufr (heresy) in Islam and its implications in various Islamic doctrines is examined closely. The focus on the role of Wahhabi scholars in the nineteenth century sheds new lights on the principles of continuity and discontinuity in the historical development of Saudi political entities and explains the origin of the modern Saudi State. Although major socio-economic and cultural change is now taking place under the leadership of Prince Muhammad ibn Salman, the main religious structures of the state remain firmly in place. It remains to be seen how two diametric societal viewpoints will integrate or clash. This work is essential reading for all scholars and students of religious, cultural, social and political history of Saudi Arabia and Islam in the Middle East.

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Book SynopsisFollowing Spain's democratic transition during the late 1970s, political and business elites strategically exploited Spain's rich Islamic heritage in order to further projects of national redefinition, tourist promotion, and urban revitalisation. Large and ornate mosques were built in several Spanish regions, and the State granted Muslim communities an extensive array of rights and privileges that was arguably without parallel in Europe. Toward the onset of the 21st century, however, tensions surrounding Islam's growing presence in Spain became increasingly common, especially in the northeastern region of Catalonia. These tensions centered largely around the presence, or proposed establishment, of mosques in Barcelona and its greater metropolitan area. This book examines how Islam went from being an aspect of Spain's national heritage to be recovered and commemorated to a pressing social problem to be managed and controlled. It traces the events and developments that gave rise to this transformation, the diverse actors involved in the process, and the manner in which disputes over Muslim incorporation have become entangled with deeply-divisive debates over church-state relations and territorial autonomy. The core of the book centres on the shifting political and social dynamics surrounding the establishment of mosques, and the question of why anti-mosque mobilisations have been more prevalent and intense in Catalonia than other Spanish regions.

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Book SynopsisThis book examines the role of Muhammad Ibn Abd al-Wahhab (1703-1792) and his successors in reconsolidating the religious principles of Wahhabism. It explains the role of the Saudi princes in crystallizing the core of the SaudiWahhabi political entity within their tribal society. Key to this explanation is the interrelation between sedentary and nomadic populations and the consequent impact on the development of Saudi political entities prior to the emergence of the Saudi Kingdom. Texts of Wahhabi scholars are compared with those of the early Hanbali scholars, pinpointing the new religious elements introduced to foster the Wahhabi creed. Discussion focuses on the first and second generations of Wahhabi scholars who maintained the Wahhabi creed with great success, keeping its hegemony as the main doctrine in Saudi Arabia, and developing a takfiri discourse (accusing people of being infidels) which by the nineteenth century had become the main religious and political weapon by which the Wahhabis mobilized supporters against their political and religious adversaries. To better understand this development, the meaning of kufr (heresy) in Islam and its implications in various Islamic doctrines is examined closely. The focus on the role of Wahhabi scholars in the nineteenth century sheds new lights on the principles of continuity and discontinuity in the historical development of Saudi political entities and explains the origin of the modern Saudi State. Although major socio-economic and cultural change is now taking place under the leadership of Prince Muhammad ibn Salman, the main religious structures of the state remain firmly in place. It remains to be seen how two diametric societal viewpoints will integrate or clash. This work is essential reading for all scholars and students of religious, cultural, social and political history of Saudi Arabia and Islam in the Middle East.

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Book SynopsisAnalyses the complexities of Christian-Muslim conflict that threaten the fragile democracy of Nigeria, and the implications for global peace and security. In northern Nigeria, high levels of ethnic diversity have resulted in acute polarization between Muslims and Christians, increasingly fuelling violent conflict. The climate of insecurity threatens northern Nigeria's development, accentuates the inequalities between it and the rest of the country, and undermines the attempt to stabilize democracy in the country. Externally, fears have also been expressed that Islamist movements in northern Nigeria form partof a wider network constituting a threat to global peace and security. Refuting a "clash of civilizations" between Muslims and Christians, the authors of this new study highlight the multiplicity of Muslim and Christiangroups contending for influence and relevance, and the doctrinal, political and historical drivers of conflict and violence between and within them. They analyse some of the region's most contentious issues: conflict and peacebuilding in Jos; the Boko Haram insurgency; the informal economy; and the challenges of legal pluralism posed by the declaration of "full" Sharia law in 12 Muslim-majority states. Finally, they suggest appropriate and effective policyresponses at local, national, and international levels, discussing the importance of informal institutions as avenues for peace-building and the complementarities between local and national dynamics in the search for peace. Abdul Raufu Mustapha (deceased 2017), was Associate Professor in African Politics, University of Oxford. David Ehrhardt is Assistant Professor of International Development at Leiden University College, The Netherlands. Companion volume: Sects & Social Disorder: Muslim Identities & Conflict in Northern Nigeria edited by Abdul Raufu Mustapha (James Currey 2014) Nigeria: Premium Times BooksTable of ContentsPreface - David Ehrhardt Introduction: Religious Encounters in Northern Nigeria - Abdul Raufu Mustapha PART ONE: THE MUSLIM & CHRISTIAN CONTEXT The Muslim Majority in Northern Nigeria: Sects & Trends - Philip Ostien The Significant Minority: Christians & Christianity in Northern Nigeria - Jibrin Ibrahim Historical Contexts of Muslim-Christian Encounters in Northern Nigeria - Abdul Raufu Mustapha and David Ehrhardt PART TWO: KEY CONTEMPORARY ISSUES Historical Contexts of Muslim-Christian Encounters in Northern Nigeria - Rachael Diprose Challenges of Legal Pluralism: Sharia Law & its Aftermath - Abdul Raufu Mustapha and Aminu Gamawa Boko Haram, Youth Mobilization & Jihadism - Marc-Antoine Pérouse de Montclos Complementarity, Competition & Conflict: Informal Enterprise & Religious Conflict in Northern Nigeria - Kate Meagher PART THREE: JOS: CONFLICT & PEACE BUILDING Jos: Fear & Violence in Central Nigeria - Abdul Raufu Mustapha and Adam Higazi and Jimam Lar and Karel Chromy Rural Insecurity on the Jos Plateau: Livelihoods, Land & Cattle amid Religious Reform & Violent Conflict - Adam Higazi Jos: Bottom-Up & Top-Down Approaches to Peace Building - Abdul Raufu Mustapha and Adam Higazi and Jimam Lar and Karel Chromy CONCLUSION Diversity, Religious Pluralism & Democracy - Abdul Raufu Mustapha and David Ehrhardt

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Book SynopsisCutting-edge research in the study of Islamic scholarship and its impact on the religious, political, economic and cultural history of Africa; bridges the "europhone"/"non-europhone" knowledge divides to significantly advance decolonial thinking, and extend the frontiers of social science research in Africa. The study of Islamic erudition in Africa is growing rapidly, transforming not just Islamic studies, but also African Studies. This interdisciplinary volume from leading international scholars fills a lacuna in presenting not only the history and spread of Islamic scholarship in Africa, but its current state and future concerns. Challenging the notion that Muslim societies in black Africa were essentially oral prior to the European colonial conquest at the turn of the 20th century, and countering the largely Western division of sub-Saharan Africa and North Africa, the authors take an inclusive approach to advance our knowledge of the contribution of people of African descent to the life of Mecca. This book explores in depth the intellectual and spiritual exchanges between populations in the Maghreb, the Sahara and West Africa. A key theme is Islamic learning. The authors examine the madrasa as asite of knowledge and learning, the relationship between "diasporas" and Islamic education systems, female learning circles, and the use of ICT. Diversifying the study of Islamic erudition, the contributors look at the interactions between textuality and orality, female learning circles, the vernacular study of poetry and cosmological texts, and the role of Ajami - the use of Arabic script to transcribe 80 African languages. Africa: CerdisTrade ReviewIslamic Scholarship in Africa is a multifaceted, fascinating collection of essays alike indispensable for its empirical findings and for its theoretical framing. -- Journal of Islamic StudiesThis book is a collection of essays that not only presents existing works and new findings, but also opens up new directions in the field of Islamic scholarship in Africa. -- IslamochristianaIslamic Scholarship in Africa: New Directions and Global Contexts is an excellent contribution to an emerging discipline of Africana Muslim Studies. * Journal of Education in Muslim Societies *Table of ContentsIntroduction: Where have we been and where are we going in the Study of Islamic Scholarship in Africa? - Ousmane Oumar Kane PART I: HISTORY, MOVEMENT, & ISLAMIC SCHOLARSHIP Introduction - Zachary V. Wright The African Roots of a Global Eighteenth-Century Islamic Scholarly Renewal - Zachary V. Wright Muhammad al-Kashnawi and the Everyday Life of the Occult - Dahlia E.M. Gubara African Community and African 'ulama in Mecca: Al-Jami and Muhammad Surar al-Sabban (Twentieth Century) - Chanfi Ahmed The Transfomation of the Pilgrimage Tradition in West Africa - Ousmane Oumar Kane PART II TEXTUALITY, ORALITY, AND ISLAMIC SCHOLARSHIP Introduction - Oludamini Ogunnaike 'Those Who Represent the Sovereign in his Absence': Muslim Scholarship and the Question of Legal Authority in the pPre-Modern Sahara (Southern Algeria, Mauritania, Mali), 1750-1850 - Ismail Warscheid Philosophical Sufism in the Sokoto Caliphate: The Case of Shaykh Dan Tafa - Oludamini Ogunnaike "If all the Legal Schools were to Disappear": Umar Tal's Approach to Jurisprudence in Kitab al-Rimah - Farah el-Sharif A New African Orality? Tijani Sufism, Sacred Knowledge and the ICTs in Post-Truth Times - Antonio de Diego González The Sacred Text in Egypt's Popular Culture: Qur'anic Sounds, Meanings and Formation of Sakina-Sacred Space in Traditions of Poverty and Fear - Yunus Kumek PART III ISLAMIC EDUCATION Introduction - Britta Frede Modernizing the Madrasa: Islamic Education, Development and Tradition in Zanzibar - Caitlyn Bolton A New Daara: Integrating Qur'anic, Agricultural and Trade Education in a Community Setting - Laura L. Cochrane Islamic Education and the 'Diaspora': Religious Schooling for Senegalese Migrants' Children - Hannah Hoechner What does Traditional Islamic Education Mean? Examples from Nouakchott's Contemporary Female Learning Circles - Britta Frede PART IV AJAMI, KNOWLEDGE TRANSMISSION, & SPIRITUALITY Introduction - Jeremy Dell Bringing 'Ilm to the Common People: Sufi Vernacular Poetry and Islamic Education in Brava, c.1890-1959 - Alessandra Vianello Bringing 'Ilm to the Common People: Sufi Vernacular Poetry and Islamic Education in Brava, c.1890-1959 - Lidwien Kapteijns A Senegalese Sufi Saint and Ajami Poet: Sëriñ Moor Kayre (1874-1951) - Khadim Ndiaye Praise and Prestige: The Significance of Elegiac Poetry among Muslim Intellectuals on the Late Twentieth-Century Kenya Coast - Abdulkadir Hashim CONCLUSION: The Study of Islamic Scholarship and the Social Sciences in Africa: Bridging Knowledge Divides, Reframing Narratives - Ebrima Sall

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Book SynopsisCutting-edge research in the study of Islamic scholarship and its impact on the religious, political, economic and cultural history of Africa; bridges the "europhone"/"non-europhone" knowledge divides to significantly advance decolonial thinking, and extend the frontiers of social science research in Africa. The study of Islamic erudition in Africa is growing rapidly, transforming not just Islamic studies, but also African Studies. This interdisciplinary volume from leading international scholars fills a lacuna in presenting not only the history and spread of Islamic scholarship in Africa, but its current state and future concerns. Challenging the notion that Muslim societies in black Africa were essentially oral prior to the European colonial conquest at the turn of the 20th century, and countering the largely Western division of sub-Saharan Africa and North Africa, the authors take an inclusive approach to advance our knowledge of the contribution of people of African descent to the life of Mecca. This book explores in depth the intellectual and spiritual exchanges between populations in the Maghreb, the Sahara and West Africa. A key theme is Islamic learning. The authors examine the madrasa as asite of knowledge and learning, the relationship between "diasporas" and Islamic education systems, female learning circles, and the use of ICT. Diversifying the study of Islamic erudition, the contributors look at the interactions between textuality and orality, female learning circles, the vernacular study of poetry and cosmological texts, and the role of Ajami - the use of Arabic script to transcribe 80 African languages. Africa: CerdisTrade ReviewIslamic Scholarship in Africa is a multifaceted, fascinating collection of essays alike indispensable for its empirical findings and for its theoretical framing. -- Journal of Islamic StudiesThis book is a collection of essays that not only presents existing works and new findings, but also opens up new directions in the field of Islamic scholarship in Africa. -- IslamochristianaIslamic Scholarship in Africa: New Directions and Global Contexts is an excellent contribution to an emerging discipline of Africana Muslim Studies. * Journal of Education in Muslim Societies *Table of ContentsIntroduction: Where have we been and where are we going in the Study of Islamic Scholarship in Africa? - Ousmane Oumar Kane PART I: HISTORY, MOVEMENT, & ISLAMIC SCHOLARSHIP Introduction - Zachary V. Wright The African Roots of a Global Eighteenth-Century Islamic Scholarly Renewal - Zachary V. Wright Muhammad al-Kashnawi and the Everyday Life of the Occult - Dahlia E.M. Gubara African Community and African 'ulama in Mecca: Al-Jami and Muhammad Surar al-Sabban (Twentieth Century) - Chanfi Ahmed The Transfomation of the Pilgrimage Tradition in West Africa - Ousmane Oumar Kane PART II TEXTUALITY, ORALITY, AND ISLAMIC SCHOLARSHIP Introduction - Oludamini Ogunnaike 'Those Who Represent the Sovereign in his Absence': Muslim Scholarship and the Question of Legal Authority in the pPre-Modern Sahara (Southern Algeria, Mauritania, Mali), 1750-1850 - Ismail Warscheid Philosophical Sufism in the Sokoto Caliphate: The Case of Shaykh Dan Tafa - Oludamini Ogunnaike "If all the Legal Schools were to Disappear": Umar Tal's Approach to Jurisprudence in Kitab al-Rimah - Farah el-Sharif A New African Orality? Tijani Sufism, Sacred Knowledge and the ICTs in Post-Truth Times - Antonio de Diego González The Sacred Text in Egypt's Popular Culture: Qur'anic Sounds, Meanings and Formation of Sakina-Sacred Space in Traditions of Poverty and Fear - Yunus Kumek PART III ISLAMIC EDUCATION Introduction - Britta Frede Modernizing the Madrasa: Islamic Education, Development and Tradition in Zanzibar - Caitlyn Bolton A New Daara: Integrating Qur'anic, Agricultural and Trade Education in a Community Setting - Laura L. Cochrane Islamic Education and the 'Diaspora': Religious Schooling for Senegalese Migrants' Children - Hannah Hoechner What does Traditional Islamic Education Mean? Examples from Nouakchott's Contemporary Female Learning Circles - Britta Frede PART IV AJAMI, KNOWLEDGE TRANSMISSION, & SPIRITUALITY Introduction - Jeremy Dell Bringing 'Ilm to the Common People: Sufi Vernacular Poetry and Islamic Education in Brava, c.1890-1959 - Alessandra Vianello Bringing 'Ilm to the Common People: Sufi Vernacular Poetry and Islamic Education in Brava, c.1890-1959 - Lidwien Kapteijns A Senegalese Sufi Saint and Ajami Poet: Sëriñ Moor Kayre (1874-1951) - Khadim Ndiaye Praise and Prestige: The Significance of Elegiac Poetry among Muslim Intellectuals on the Late Twentieth-Century Kenya Coast - Abdulkadir Hashim CONCLUSION: The Study of Islamic Scholarship and the Social Sciences in Africa: Bridging Knowledge Divides, Reframing Narratives - Ebrima Sall

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Book SynopsisExamines the historical, political, religious, and social dynamics of Muslim minority status in Uganda, and important themes of pre- and post-colonial political community, religion and national identity. Between 2012 and 2016 several Muslim clerics were murdered in Uganda: there is still no consensus as to who was responsible. In this book Joseph Kasule seeks to explain this by examining the colonial and postcolonial history of the Muslim minority and questions of Muslim identity within a non-Muslim state. Challenging prevalent scholarship that has homogenized Muslims' political identity, Kasule demonstrates that Muslim responses to power have been varied and multiple. Beginning with the pre-colonial political community in Buganda, and Muteesa I's attempted Islamization of the country using Islam as a centralizing ideology, the author discusses how the political status of Islam and Muslims in Uganda has been defined under successive regimes. Muteesa I's Islamization faltered when Christianity entered Buganda in the latter half of the 19th century, resulting in division between Muslim and Christian sections. The colonial period created a new type of political project that defined the Muslim question as one of representation, and Kasule discusses how this laid the foundation for a politics of Muslim containment within a predominantly Christian power. He examines contrasting urban-based Muslim organizations and rural expressions of Islam; tension between representative claims of Muslim leaderships within the demand for Muslim autonomy; and the rise of new reform groups. As these splits turned violent, 'new' Muslim 'publics' emerged around opposing centres of Muslim power which sought different resolutions to their minority situation. East Africa (Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Rwanda, Burundi): Makerere Institute of Social ResearchTrade ReviewKasule's work will stand the test of time and become a reference for the future of African studies in general and more particularly the Islamic identity of Uganda. The author must be applauded for his scholarly contribution to this field of study. -- Abdul Hai * Islamic Literary Society *Table of Contents1. Introduction 2. Islam in Pre-Colonial Buganda 3. Muslim Communities in the Colonial Era 4. Milton Obote Founds his Muslim Alliance 5. Idi Amin Attempts to Islamize the State 6. Islamic Reform and Intra-Muslim Violence 7. NRM Statecraft and Muslim Subjects 8. Conclusion

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Book SynopsisA reinterpretation of the history of Sokoto that provides a new assessment of its leaders and their visions for the Muslim state. Sokoto was the largest and longest lasting of West Africa's nineteenth-century Muslim empires. Its intellectual and political elite left behind a vast written record, including over 300 Arabic texts authored by the jihad's leaders: Usman dan Fodio, his brother Abdullahi and his son, Muhammad Bello (known collectively as the Fodiawa). Sokoto's early years are one of the most documented periods of pre-colonial African history, yet current narratives pay little attention to the formative role these texts played in the creation of Sokoto, and the complex scholarly world from which they originated. Far from being unified around a single concept of Muslim statecraft, this book demonstrates how divided the Fodiawa were about what Sokoto could and should be, and the various discursive strategies they used to enrol local societies into their vision. Based on a close analysis of the sources (some appearing in English translation for the first time) and an effort to date their intellectual production, the book restores agency to Sokoto's leaders as individuals with different goals, characters and methods. More generally, it shows how revolutionary religious movements gain legitimacy, and how the kind of legitimacy they claim changes as they move from rebels to rulers.Trade ReviewNaylor's study has bought some new dimensions to understanding the Sokoto empire through the texts written by its founders. The study not only allows one to understand the Sahelian territory but also helps to better map out the geographical, linguistic, cultural, and socio-political make-up of greater Africa. Naylor's study has reasonably succeeded in making accessible to the public a very specific part of Africa's history, which otherwise would have remained inaccessible. ... Paul Naylor must be congratulated for his contribution and bringing to light this much-needed volume. * Islamic Literary Society *This is the most important new book on northern Nigeria's precolonial past that has come out for some years. -- Journal of African HistoryTable of ContentsIntroduction The Arabic Writings of the Fodiawa in their Context A History of the Historiography Approaching Legitimacy 1. Sources of Legitimacy in the Nineteenth-Century Sahel Fiqh Kashf Nasab Conclusion 2. Discourses of Dissent and Moderation Laying Claims to Legitimacy: Usman's Writings in the 1790s A Discourse of Dissent (c.1804-1810) A Discourse of Moderation (1810-1812) The Intellectual Challenge of Abdullahi dan Fodio (c.1812-1817) Conclusion: from Ijtihad to Taqlid 3. 'Lesser of two evils': The Succession of Muhammad Bello Defending the Succession (1817) A Second Jihad (1817-1821) 'Fear them not, but fear me': Enforcing Obedience to Bello's Rule Creating a Caliphate: Bello's Exchanges with Ahmad Lobbo Conclusion 4. 'God has subjugated this land for me': Bello's Rule of Sokoto 1821-1837 Policies of Integration: The Hausa Policies of Enslavement Policies of Exclusion: The Tuareg Policies of Sedentarisation: The Fulani Meanwhile, in Gwandu... Conclusion Appendix: Sokoto Chronology Bibliography

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Book SynopsisA comparative, whole-of-society approach to the Boko Haram insurgency that offers a more nuanced understanding of the risks, resilience and resolution of violent radicalization in Nigeria and beyond. It is now more than a decade since the violent Islamic group Boko Haram launched its reign of terror across northern Nigeria, claiming more than 27,000 lives and displacing over 2 million people. While its territorial gains have largely been recaptured, the insurgency rages on, devastating communities across vast stretches of the north-east and disrupting governance, livelihoods and food security, as well as posing a security risk to Niger, Chad and Cameroon. Less attention is paid to the pervasive popular rejection of violent extremism on the ground. How did a diverse and economically dynamic West African society unravel so violently, and for so long? Why does radicalizationhave so little influence on large Muslim populations in surrounding areas, such as the Yoruba in south-western Nigeria, or the poor ethnically similar Muslim majority in central Niger just north of the border? This book looks beyond the details of the insurgency to examine the wider social and political processes that explain why Boko Haram emerged when and where it did, and what forces exist within society to contain it. Drawing on the detailed fieldworkof specialist Nigerian and Nigerianist scholars from Nigeria, connecting the worst of Boko Haram violence to the wider realities of the present, the book offers new insights into the drivers of Islamic extremism in Nigeria - poverty, regional inequality, environmental stress, migration, youth unemployment, and state corruption and human rights abuses - with a view to charting more sustainable paths out of the conflict. Nigeria: Premium Times BooksTrade ReviewAmongst the many books that have been written on the history, evolution and the Islamic radicalisation characteristics of Boko Haram, this one, given its ground breaking methodology of engaging with communities and the Ulamas in Borno state, stands head and shoulders above most of the others. It occupies a strong position in the genre of well-researched policy papers, and its academic rigour is sufficiently robust to have propelled it towards publication in book form. * ACCORD *[T]he book is undoubtedly well-researched, well-written, and a valuable addition to Nigeria Studies bookshelves. * African Studies Quarterly *Table of ContentsForeword by Muhammad Sanusi II, CON, Sarkin Kano Introduction: Faith, Society & Boko Haram - Kate Meagher and Abdul Raufu Mustapha I: THE MACRO-SOCIAL CONTEXT The Roles of the Ulama in Radicalization and Counter-Radicalization - M. Sani Umar Why in Borno?: The History, Geography & Sociology of Islamic Radicalization - Abubakar Kawu Monguno and Ibrahim Umara "Boko Halal": Limits to Radicalization in Southern Niger Republic - Abdourahmane Idrissa The Effects of Security Measures on Youth Radicalization - Julie G. Sanda II: MICRO-SOCIAL RELATIONS Pathways to Radicalization: Learning from Boko Haram Life Histories - M. Sani Umar and David Ehrhardt Gender Norms and Women's Participation in Radicalization in Northern Nigeria - Zainab Usman and Sherine El Taraboulsi and Khadija Gambo Hawaja An Inquiry into Possible Factors Contributing to Radicalization in Childhood and Youth in Northern Nigeria - Murray Last Informalization & its Discontents: The Informal Economy & Islamic Radicalization in Northern Nigeria - Kate Meagher Informalization & its Discontents: The Informal Economy & Islamic Radicalization in Northern Nigeria - Ibrahim Haruna Hassan III. SEEKING A WAY FORWARD Endgames: The Evolution of Boko Haram in Comparative Perspective - David Ehrhardt and M. Sani Umar Conclusion:Toward a whole-of-society approach to counter-radicalization (by all contributors)

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Book SynopsisBased on primary research, this book explores the controversies, policies and practices of 'public faith', questioning perceptions of a fixed divide between religious and secular participants in public life and challenging prevailing concepts of a monolithic 'neutral' public realm. It takes an in-depth look at the distinctiveness of faith groups' contribution, but also probes the conflicts and dilemmas that arise, assessing the role and capacity of faith groups within specific public policy contexts, including education, regeneration, housing and community cohesion. 'Faith in the public realm' will be of interest to students, academics, policy-makers and practitioners in the public and voluntary sectors, and in faith communities themselves.Trade Review"This is a timely volume. ...well edited and well presented..." James A Beckford in Journal of Contemporary Religion"...an invaluable read for practitioners and policy-makers as well as academics interested in the area." Rebecca Catto in Sociology"...With its accessible style (each chapter may stand alone) and disciplined length, Faith in the Public Realm is an invaluable read for practitioners and policy-makers as well as academics interested in the area.' Rebecca Catto, Lancaster UniversityTable of ContentsFaith and the public realm ~ Adam Dinham and Vivien Lowndes; Controversies of 'public faith' ~ Robert Furbey; 'Soft' segregation: Muslim identity, British secularism and inequality ~ David Cheesman and Nazia Khanum; How participation changes things: 'Inter-faith', 'multi-faith' and a new public imaginary ~ Paul Weller; Faith, multiculturalism and social cohesion: A policy conversation ~ Ted Cantle, Dilwar Hussain and Maqsood Ahmed In conversation; Blurred encounters? Religious literacy, spiritual capital and language ~ Christopher Baker; Religion, political participation and civic engagement: Women's experiences ~ Brenda O'Neill; Young people and faith activism: British Muslim youth - glocalisation and the umma ~ Richard Gale and Therese O'Toole; Faith-based schools: Institutionalising parallel lives? ~ John Flint; Faith, government and regeneration: A contested discourse ~ Richard Farnell; Faith and the voluntary sector: Distinctive yet similar? ~ Rachael Chapman; Conclusions ~ Adam Dinham, Robert Furbey and Vivien Lowndes.

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Book SynopsisBased on primary research, this book explores the controversies, policies and practices of 'public faith', questioning perceptions of a fixed divide between religious and secular participants in public life and challenging prevailing concepts of a monolithic 'neutral' public realm. It takes an in-depth look at the distinctiveness of faith groups' contribution, but also probes the conflicts and dilemmas that arise, assessing the role and capacity of faith groups within specific public policy contexts, including education, regeneration, housing and community cohesion. 'Faith in the public realm' will be of interest to students, academics, policy-makers and practitioners in the public and voluntary sectors, and in faith communities themselves.Trade Review"This is a timely volume. ...well edited and well presented..." James A Beckford in Journal of Contemporary Religion"...an invaluable read for practitioners and policy-makers as well as academics interested in the area." Rebecca Catto in Sociology"...With its accessible style (each chapter may stand alone) and disciplined length, Faith in the Public Realm is an invaluable read for practitioners and policy-makers as well as academics interested in the area.' Rebecca Catto, Lancaster UniversityTable of ContentsFaith and the public realm ~ Adam Dinham and Vivien Lowndes; Controversies of 'public faith' ~ Robert Furbey; 'Soft' segregation: Muslim identity, British secularism and inequality ~ David Cheesman and Nazia Khanum; How participation changes things: 'Inter-faith', 'multi-faith' and a new public imaginary ~ Paul Weller; Faith, multiculturalism and social cohesion: A policy conversation ~ Ted Cantle, Dilwar Hussain and Maqsood Ahmed In conversation; Blurred encounters? Religious literacy, spiritual capital and language ~ Christopher Baker; Religion, political participation and civic engagement: Women's experiences ~ Brenda O'Neill; Young people and faith activism: British Muslim youth - glocalisation and the umma ~ Richard Gale and Therese O'Toole; Faith-based schools: Institutionalising parallel lives? ~ John Flint; Faith, government and regeneration: A contested discourse ~ Richard Farnell; Faith and the voluntary sector: Distinctive yet similar? ~ Rachael Chapman; Conclusions ~ Adam Dinham, Robert Furbey and Vivien Lowndes.

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Book SynopsisBritain’s tiny Jewish community (about 263,000 people) is the oldest non-Christian minority in the country. In 1656 Jews returned to England after an absence of nearly 400 years and the Jewish community has enjoyed a history of continuous settlement in England since 1656, a record unmatched anywhere else in Europe. Jewish Heritage in Britain and Ireland celebrates in full colour the undiscovered heritage of Anglo-Jewry. First published in 2006, it remains the only comprehensive guide to historic synagogues and sites in the British Isles, based on an authoritative survey carried out with the support of English Heritage and the Heritage Lottery Fund. The guide is simple to use, covering more than 300 sites, organised on a region-by-region basis. Each section highlights major Jewish landmarks, ranging from Britain’s oldest synagogue, Bevis Marks Synagogue in the City of London, through the Georgian gems of the West Country to the splendid High Victorian “cathedral synagogues” of Birmingham, Brighton, Liverpool and Glasgow. Relics of Anglo-Jewry’s medieval past are explored in York, Lincoln and Norwich, and venerable burial grounds with Hebrew inscriptions are found in the unlikeliest of places. Curious oddities are not to be missed, including a 19th-century private penthouse synagogue in Brighton and an Egyptian-style Mikveh [ritual bath] in Canterbury. The new edition has been completely revised and features many new images including, for the first time, of sites in Wales, Scotland, Ireland, the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man. The easy-to-follow heritage trails around former Jewish quarters in the major cities have been updated and full postcodes are now given for SatNav users. Trade Review... it packs in a surprising amount of material for its size. -- Julian Treuherz * Context 143, March 2016 *This updated and amended guidebook is essential reading for anyone wishing to visit Jewish sites in Britain and Ireland and is interested in the history and topography of the Jewish community. ... This updated guide creates a unique and important source of information on the heritage of the Jewish community. ... this revised guide should be on the book shelves of every Jewish home and all students of Jewish history in Britain and Ireland. -- Ken Marks * Transactions of the Ancient Monuments Society, Volume 60, March 16 *This new volume has extended, deepened and widened the original through new research and investigation, and what we have now is a comprehensive, extensively illustrated geographical survey by the UK's expert in the field. ... Densely packed yet portable, this volume certainly deserves a place among all your other architectural guides, on the shelf or in the car. -- Judith Leigh * SPAB, Suumer 2016 *Table of ContentsForeword to the Second Edition Donors’ Page for the First Edition Acknowledgements for the First Edition Introduction Notes for Visitors Maps LONDON The City and the East End East and North London Essex West London North-West London South London SOUTH-EAST ENGLAND Kent The Medway Surrey Hertfordshire THE SOUTH OF ENGLAND Sussex Dorset Hampshire The Channel Islands THE WEST COUNTRY Devon Cornwall Bristol and Somerset Gloucestershire LINCOLN AND EAST ANGLIA Lincoln `Jews’ Houses in East Anglia Post-Resettlement Jewish Sites in East Anglia THE MIDLANDS Birmingham and the West Midlands The East Midlands NORTH-WEST ENGLAND Liverpool Manchester The Rest of the North-West The Isle of Man YORKSHIRE AND HUMBERSIDE Bradford, Leeds and West Yorkshire South Yorkshire York Humberside NORTH-EAST ENGLAND Tyneside County Durham Teeside WALES South Wales The Welsh Valleys SCOTLAND Glasgow and Clydeside Edinburgh Dundee and Aberdeen The Highlands and Islands IRELAND Northern Ireland The Irish Republic Glossary Notes Index

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Book SynopsisThis timely new collection presents the most significant English language contributions to the literature on Islamic accounting. Including more than thirty articles by some of the most important authors in the area, the book covers six major themes: the conceptual framework, accounting ethics and social responsibility, corporate reporting, accounting practice and zakat, auditing and the Islamic history of accounting.Following the rapid growth of the Islamic financial system this book will be recommended reading for academics, students, researchers and practitioners interested in developing their understanding of this increasingly important area, and an essential purchase for libraries.Trade Review‘This is the first ever compilation of leading articles in the field of Islamic accounting from the path defining contribution of Abdel-Majd in 1981 to the most important articles by Rifaat Ahmed Abdel Karim, founder of AAOIFI and former Secretary General of the IFSB. The collection is an essential purchase for all university libraries with Islamic finance collections as well as business schools where financial reporting is considered from different cultural perspectives. The editors are to be congratulated on their efforts.’ -- Rodney Wilson, Durham University, UKTable of ContentsContents: Acknowledgements Introduction An Islamic Perspective of Accounting: Introduction and Overview Christopher Napier and Roszaini Haniffa PART I CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR ISLAMIC ACCOUNTING 1. Moustafa F. Abdel-Magid (1981), ‘The Theory of Islamic Banking: Accounting Implications’ 2. Rifaat Ahmed Abdel Karim (1995), ‘The Nature and Rationale of a Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting by Islamic Banks’ 3. Roszaini Haniffa and Mohammad Abdullah Hudaib (2002), ‘A Theoretical Framework for the Development of the Islamic Perspective of Accounting’ PART II ACCOUNTING ETHICS AND SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY 4. T.E. Gambling and R.A.A. Karim (1986), ‘Islam and Social Accounting’ 5. Cyril Tomkins and Rif’at Ahmed ‘Abdul Karim (1987), ‘The Shari’ah and its Implications for Islamic Financial Analysis: An Opportunity to Study Interactions Among Society, Organization, and Accounting’ 6. Saeed Askary and Frank L. Clarke (1997), ‘Accounting in the Koranic Verses’ 7. Kazi Firoz Alam (1998), ‘Islam, Ethics and Accounting Practices’ 8. Mervyn K. Lewis (2001), ‘Islam and Accounting’ 9. Athar Murtuza (2002), ‘Islamic Antecedents for Financial Accountability’ 10. Ros Haniffa, Mohammad Hudaib and Abdul Malik Mirza (2002), ‘Accounting Policy Choice within the Shari’ah Islami’iah Framework’ PART III CORPORATE REPORTING 11. Shaari Hamid, Russell Craig and Frank Clarke (1993), ‘Religion: A Confounding Cultural Element in the International Harmonization of Accounting?’ 12. Rifaat Ahmed Abdel Karim (2001), ‘International Accounting Harmonization, Banking Regulation, and Islamic Banks’ 13. Trevor Gambling, Rowan Jones and Rifaat Ahmed Abdel Karim (1993), ‘Credible Organizations: Self-Regulation v. External Standard-Setting in Islamic Banks and British Charities’ 14. Nabil Baydoun and Roger Willett (2000), ‘Islamic Corporate Reports’ 15. Roger Willett and Maliah Sulaiman (2001), ‘Islam, Economic Rationalism, and Accounting’ 16. Maliah Sulaiman (2001), ‘Testing a Model of Islamic Corporate Financial Reports: Some Experimental Evidence’ 17. Rania Kamla, Sonja Gallhofer and Jim Haslam (2006), ‘Islam, Nature and Accounting: Islamic Principles and the Notion of Accounting for the Environment’ 18. Bassam Maali, Peter Casson and Christopher Napier (2006), ‘Social Reporting by Islamic Banks’ 19. Roszaini Haniffa and Mohammad Hudaib (2007), ‘Exploring the Ethical Identity of Islamic Banks via Communication in Annual Reports’ PART IV ACCOUNTING PRACTICE AND ZAKAT 20. Mohammad Akhyar Adnan and Michael Gaffikin (1997), ‘The Shari’ah, Islamic Banks and Accounting Concepts and Practices’ 21. Frank Clarke, Russell Craig and Shaari Hamid (1996), ‘Physical Asset Valuation and Zakat: Insights and Implications’ 22. Kamal Naser, Victor Murinde and Abdulla Al-Utaibi (2001), ‘Accounting for Zakat: Evidence on Zakat Payment, Collection and Distribution in GCC Countries’ 23. Bill Maurer (2002), ‘Anthropological and Accounting Knowledge in Islamic Banking and Finance: Rethinking Critical Accounts’ 24. Ros Aniza Mohd. Shariff and Abdul Rahim Abdul Rahman (2004), ‘An Exploratory Study of Ijarah Accounting Practices in Malaysian Financial Institutions’ 25. Abdul Rahim Abdul-Rahman and Andrew Goddard (1998), ‘An Interpretive Inquiry of Accounting Practices in Religious Organisations’ 26. Jesmin Islam, Dennis Taylor and Atique Islam (2000), ‘The Information Adequacy of Management Accounting Systems Amongst Islamic and Non-Islamic Banks in Bangladesh’ PART V AUDITING 27. Muhammad Akram Khan (1985), ‘Role of the Auditor in an Islamic Economy’ 28. Rifaat Ahmed Abdel Karim (1990), ‘The Independence of Religious and External Auditors: The Case of Islamic Banks’ 29. Keith L. Hood and Raja A. Bucheery (1999), ‘The Interaction of Financial and Religious (Islamic) Auditors with Reference to the Audit Expectation Gap in Bahrain’ PART VI ISLAMIC HISTORY OF ACCOUNTING 30. Omar Abdullah Zaid (2000), ‘Were Islamic Records Precursors to Accounting Books Based on the Italian Method?’ 31. Cigdem Solas and Ismail Otar (1994), ‘The Accounting System Practiced in the Near East During the Period 1220-1350 Based on the Book Risale-I Felekiyye’ 32. Shaari Hamid, Russell Craig and Frank Clarke (1995), ‘Bookkeeping and Accounting Control Systems in a Tenth-Century Muslim Administrative Office’ 33. Omar Abdullah Zaid (2000b), ‘The Appointment Qualifications of Muslim Accountants in the Middle Ages’

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Book SynopsisThis timely book examines the authorization of Shari?ah-compliant intermediaries as either credit institutions or as investment companies in the European Union.The contributing authors explore the key topics of this area through differing yet parallel perspectives ? for example, comparing economic and legal standpoints, looking at both European and national levels and considering both academic and technical approaches. The book discusses the common origin of Islamic and Western traditions in commercial and banking transactions, reviewing a period in which the Italian merchants and their organizations drove the rebirth of post-medieval society in trade and law. The editors investigate whether the Islamic banking and financial model complies with the European framework, spelling out the different experiences in single Member States (Germany, France, Italy, and the United Kingdom). Notwithstanding the obstacles to being authorized as domestic credit institutions, they conclude that the access of Islamic intermediaries is suitable and may have positive effects on European integration, as well as increasing the competition among the stand-still operators and evoking the ethical dimension of banking and finance. The book also highlights how Islamic banking would make the industry more inclusive.This multidisciplinary book will appeal greatly to economics and legal scholars with an interest in European and international banking and financial law, as well as postgraduate students in international law and banking law. Practitioners and regulators will also find this book an invaluable resource.Trade Review‘The four areas covered in the book are crucial issues to be considered for the enhancement of Islamic banking in the European Union. The book is a whistle-blower for the industry in Europe and the concerns raised are welcome.’ -- Faizal Ahmad Manjoo, The Muslim World Book Review‘As an introduction to the complex issue of harmonization of legal and regulatory structure of the European financial system and Islamic finance, this is a useful and welcome volume. The ideas, insights and practical issues addressed in the informed papers that compose the book should be valuable for academics and students of finance, and to those who provide legal and financial services. The book will be helpful also to European regulators who have yet to appreciate the importance of Islamic finance and its potential contribution to financial globalization as well as to European economic growth.’ -- Abbas Mirakhor, Former Executive Director, International Monetary Fund, USTable of ContentsContents: Preface Introduction M. Fahim Khan and Mario Porzio PART I: HISTORICAL BACKGROUND 1. From the Poor to the Merchant Umberto Santarelli PART II: ISLAMIC BANKING BUSINESS 2. The Provision and Management of Savings: The Client–Partner Model Gian Maria Piccinelli 3. Islamic Finance: Personal and Enterprise Banking Frank E. Vogel 4. Islamic Banking in Europe: The Regulatory Challenge M. Fahim Khan 5. Islamic Finance and Ethical Investments: Some Points of Reconsideration Valentino Cattelan PART III: THE CHALLENGE 6. Islamic Banking versus Conventional Banking Claudio Porzio 7. Islamic Banking: A Challenge for the Basel Capital Accord Elisabetta Montanaro 8. Investing with Values: Ethical Investment versus Islamic Investment Celia de Anca 9. Islamic Banking and the ‘Duty of Accommodation’ Gabriella Gimigliano 10. The Remuneration of Sight Accounts and the Feasible Competition between Islamic and Western Systems Gennaro Rotondo PART IV: RESPONSE FROM THE EUROPEAN COUNTRIES: ENGLISH, FRENCH, GERMAN AND ITALIAN EXPERIENCES 11. The French Licensing Authority Faced with the Globalisation of Islamic Finance: A Flexible Position Christophe Arnaud 12. German Banking Supervision and its Relationship to Islamic Banks Johannes Engels 13. Islamic Banking and Prudential Supervision in Italy Luigi Donato and Maria Alessandra Freni 14. Islamic Banking: Impression of an Italian Jurist Pietro Abbadessa 15. Islamic Banking in the United Kingdom Rodney Wilson 16. The Riba Prohibition and Payment Institutions Vittorio Santoro Index

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Book SynopsisA comprehensive survey of Spanish American fiction as it has eveolved through successive phases. With such figures as Jorge Luis Borges, Miguel Ángel Asturias and Gabriel García Márquez (both the latter Nobel Prizewinners) Spanish American fiction is now unquestionably an integral part of the mainstream of Western literature.This book draws on the most recent research in describing the origins and development of narrative in Spanish America during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, tracing the pattern from Romanticism and Realism, through Modernismo, Naturalism and Regionalism to the Boom and beyond. It shows how, while seldom moving completely away from satire, social criticism and protest, Spanish American fiction has evolved through successive phases in which both the conceptions of the writer's task and presumptions about narrative and reality have undergone radical alterations. DONALD SHAW holds the Brown Forman Chair of Spanish American literature in the University of Virginia.Trade ReviewA comprehensive and erudite survey of the field... In the two chapters devoted to [the Boom] we are treated to excellent, insightful readings... A valuable work of reference. TIMES LITERARY SUPPLEMENT [Anne McLean] An ambitious book of exceptional significance.... Delivers more than its title may promise. On the one hand, true to its encyclopaedic form, the Companion meets the challenge of painting a sweeping panorama of two centuries of Spanish American narrative... On the other hand, Shaw's opus succeeds, almost miraculously, in transcending its monumental format by avoiding over-generalisation... Shaw never fails to provide his readers with a map and compass as he guides them through the forking paths of contemporary Spanish American narrative. * MLR *

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Book SynopsisThe prohibition of interest is the feature of Islamic banking which most distinctly sets it apart from conventional banking. To Western eyes, this seems a strange restriction, but Christian countries themselves maintained such a ban for 1,400 years. Islamic Banking asks why Islam has been able to maintain its stand. The book explores the intricacies of Islamic law and the religious and ethical principles underpinning Islamic banking. It then considers the analytical basis of Islamic banking and financing in the light of modern theories of financial intermediation, and identifies the conceptual issues to be overcome. Following case studies of the operations of Islamic banks in Bahrain, Bangladesh, Egypt, Jordan, Malaysia and Australia, along with Iran, Pakistan and Sudan, the volume concludes that many of the criticisms of their activities seem misplaced. It argues that the factors governing success are the distinctive system of corporate governance and continued product innovation. The book ends by considering four such innovations - Islamic investment banking and project finance, Islamic insurance, Islamic securities and the formation of a pan-Islamic international financial centre.This pathbreaking volume - the first to consider Islamic banking and finance from a global perspective - will be of great interest to scholars of money and banking, international finance and Middle Eastern studies.Trade Review'Islamic Banking is an outstanding example of collaboration among Muslim and non-Muslim scholars interested in integrating 'Western-based literature with that developed in the Islamic tradition.' . . . The book is a noteworthy addition to the literature on Islamic banking and finance, for its inclusion of modern intermediation and corporate governance analysis in Islamic banking sets it apart from other available books.' -- Muhammad Anwar, The American Journal of Islamic Social Studies'. . . the authors are outstanding in contextualizing the evolution of and demand for Islamic banking on its path through our common history. Careful explanation and detailed development help Western audiences understand the Arabic Islamic cultural perspective.' -- Wendy Carlton, Monthly Labor Review'Lewis and Algaoud present a comprehensive survey of Islamic banking . . . Recommended for anyone interested in the theory and practice of Islamic banking.' -- H. Zangeneh, Choice'This is an excellent book for any student seeking a comprehensive and well written introduction to Islamic banking. It covers both the theory and the practice of Islamic banking in just the right amount of detail to make it easy to read and interesting. Difficult concepts are clearly explained without the text being overpowered by mathematics as in so many other books these days. For anyone seeking a wide knowledge of Islamic banking, this book provides a "one-stop shop". Every aspect of Islamic banking is explained in a straightforward and readily digestible fashion, from financial instruments, to financial systems, to the theory of financial intermediation and corporate governance. With case studies taken from fully Islamic to mixed systems the development of Islamic banking is thoroughly explored, with history and analysis complementing the more theoretical issues like the prohibition of interest. This book will certainly remain on my desk as an instant source of information on Islamic banking; I can commend it to all teachers, students and practising bankers interested in Islamic banking as indispensable.' -- John R. Presley, Loughborough University, UK'People are too inclined to regard their current institutions as the inevitable outcome of a natural evolutionary process. In respect of banking, it is salutary to note that Islamic banking works on a quite different, non-interest-bearing, basis from Western banking; and that several major religions, including Christianity, were in earlier times ethically opposed to interest/usury, but only Islam now keeps that faith. Professor Mervyn Lewis is a highly respected authority on (Western) banking and finance, and Latifa Algaoud is a senior official in Bahrain with a deep knowledge of Islamic banking institutions. Between them they present a highly readable assessment of Islamic banking from both (East/West) viewpoints, with a clear account of its history and principles, and its current position and state.' -- Charles Goodhart, London School of Economics, UK'Islamic banking has become a significant part of global banking. This is a very timely and well written book which successfully links the modern theories of conventional banking and financial intermediation and the theoretical and practical aspects of Islamic banking. By linking theory and practice, and setting Islamic banking in a wider analytical framework, the book will be invaluable to anyone with a theoretical, practical or regulatory interest in Islamic banking.' -- David T. Llewellyn, Loughborough University, UKTable of ContentsContents: Foreword 1. An Introduction to Islamic Banking 2. Islamic Law 3. The Basis of Islamic Banking 4. Islamic Banking and Financial Intermediation 5. Islamic Financial Systems 6. Islamic Banking in Mixed Systems 7. Corporate Governance in Islamic Banking 8. Islamic and Christian Attitudes to Usury 9. Directions in Islamic Finance 10. Conclusions References Index

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Book SynopsisHow do Muslims fit into South Africa’s well-known narrative of colonialism, apartheid, and postapartheid? South Africa is known for apartheid, but the country’s foundation was laid by 176 years of slavery from 1658 to 1834, which formed a crucible of war, genocide, and systemic sexual violence that continues to shape the country today. Enslaved people from East Africa, India, and Southeast Asia, many of whom were Muslim, would eventually constitute the majority of the population of the colony. Drawing on an extensive popular and official archive, Regarding Muslims analyzes the role of Muslims from South Africa’s founding moments to the contemporary period and points to the resonance of these discussions elsewhere. It argues that the 350-year archive of images documenting the presence of Muslims in South Africa is central to understanding the formation of concepts of race, sexuality, and belonging. In contrast to the themes of extremism and alienation that dominate Western portrayals of Muslims, Regarding Muslims explores an extensive repertoire of picturesque Muslim figures in South African popular culture, which oscillates with more disquieting images that occasionally burst into prominence during moments of crisis. This pattern is illustrated through analyses of etymology, popular culture, visual art, jokes, bodily practices, oral narratives, and literature. The book ends with the complex vision of Islam conveyed in the postapartheid period.Table of ContentsBeginnings in South Africa; Ambiguous Visibility: Islam and the Making of a South African Visuality; "Kitchen Language": Islam and the Culture of Food in South Africa; "The Sea Inside Us": Parallel Universalism and Homemade Cosmopolitanism in the African Oceans; Sexual Geographies: Slavery, Race and Sexual Violence; Regarding Islam: Pagad, Masked Men and Veiled Women; "The Trees Sway North-North-East": South African Visions of Islam.

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Book SynopsisUntil 1939 Poland was the heartland of European Jewry, and the Polish Jewish community was still one of the largest and most important in the world. For nine centuries it was one of the central forces in the shaping of Jewish culture and its impact on the shaping of modern Jewry-religious and secular-was profound. An understanding of the history of the Jews of Poland is thus essential to a proper understanding of Jewish history. This book, comprising a selection of studies drawn from the first seven volumes of Polin, provides that understanding. Written by scholars from Europe (including Poland itself), Israel, and North America, it illuminates the most critical aspects of the history of the Jews in Poland and illustrates how these issues are being treated by the leading and most innovative scholars in the field. A broad spectrum of subjects is discussed, covering the origins and development of the community and the many crises it experienced from the earliest date of Jewish settlement in Poland to the establishment of Communist rule in postwar Poland. Maps and a chronology of Polish Jewish history are also provided, and the book is prefaced by an extensive introduction by Antony Polonsky, general editor of Polin. CONTRIBUTORS: Monika Adamczyk-Garbowska, Israel Bartal, David Biale, Eugene C. Black, Jan Blonski, Norman Davies, David Engel, Jacob Goldberg, Gershon David Hundert, Krystyna Kersten, Stefan Kieniewicz, Pawel Korzec, Ewa Kurek-Lesik, Magdalena Opalski, Maria and Kazimierz Piechotka, Eugenia Prokopowna, Laura Quercioli-Mincer, M. J. Rosman, Szymon Rudnicki, Pawel Samus, Robert Moses Shapiro, Chone Shmeruk, Shaul Stampfer, Michael C. Steinlauf, Pawel Szapiro, Jean-Charles Szurek, Janusz Tazbir, Jerzy Tomaszewski, Paul Wexler, Anna ZukTrade Review'An outstanding history of Jewish life in Poland ... The introduction and sensitive editing by Antony Polonsky give us an insight into scholarship covering a fascinating history and the basic problems of Jewish life which are not only the mark of Polish/Jewish history but become paradigmatic of all the Jewish life ... brings together the writings of those scholars who have specialized in Polish history and have total command of both Yiddish and Polish, but are also aware of other scholars and their contributions ... becomes a summary of a decade of scholarship, and is also an introduction for what should be more than a decade of future work ... This first volume should be followed by other texts which will help us to gain wisdom and understanding-the central purpose of the Littman Library, which must be congratulated for this new venture.' European Judaism‘Antony Polonsky’s monumental collection of studies cover the ten centuries of Jewish life in Poland . . . written by acknowledged scholars . . . The spectrum is broad . . . One can only express admiration for the editor and the institutions concerned for this effort to enlighten us and future generations about some aspects of Jewish existence in a land where, practically speaking, Jews live no more.’ Alexander Zvielli, Jerusalem Post‘. . . to be welcomed.’ Harry Rabinowicz, Le’elaTable of ContentsList of maps Introduction Part I Pre-Partition Poland (to 1795) The Reconstruction of Pre-Ashkenazic Jewish Settlements in the Slavic Lands in the Light of Linguistic Sources PAUL WEXLER Some Basic Characteristics of the Jewish Experience in Poland GERSHON DAVID HUNDERT Images of the Jew in the Polish Commonwealth JANUSZ TAZBIR A Minority Views the Majority: Jewish Attitudes towards the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and Interaction with Poles M. J. ROSMAN The Changes in the Attitude of Polish Society toward the Jews in the Eighteenth Century JACOB GOLDBERG A Mobile Class: The Subjective Element in the Social Perception of Jews-The Example of Eighteenth-Century Poland ANNA ZUK Part II The Nineteenth Century The Jews of Warsaw, Polish Society, and the Partitioning Powers, 1795-1861 STEFAN KIENIEWICZ The Jewish Community in the Political Life of Lodz in the Years 1865-1914 PAWEL SAMUS Aspects of the History of Warsaw as a Yiddish Literary Centre CHONE SHMERUK Non-Jews and Gentile Society in East European Hebrew and Yiddish Literature, 1856-1914 ISRAEL BARTAL Trends in the Literary Perception of Jews in Modern Polish Fiction MAGDALENA OPALSKI Eros and Enlightenment: Love against Marriage in the East European Jewish Enlightenment DAVID BIALE Gender Differentiation and Education of the Jewish Woman in Nineteenth-Century Eastern Europe SHAUL STAMPFER Polish Synagogues in the Nineteenth Century MARIA and KAZIMIERZ PIECHOTKA Part III Between the Two World Wars Ethnic Diversity in Twentieth-Century Poland NORMAN DAVIES Some Methodological Problems of the Study of Jewish History in Poland between the Two World Wars JERZY TOMASZEWSKI Lucien Wolf and the Making of Poland: Paris, 1919 EUGENE C. BLACK Aspects of Jewish Self-Government in Lodz, 1914-1939 ROBERT MOSES SHAPIRO The Image of the Shtetl in Polish Literature EUGENIA PROKOPOWNA The Polish Jewish Daily Press MICHAEL C. STEINLAUF From 'Numerus Clausus' to 'Numerus Nullus' SZYMON RUDNICKI Part IV The Second World War Jews and Poles under Soviet Occupation (1939-1941): Conflicting Interests PAWEL KORZEC and JEAN-CHARLES SZUREK The Western Allies and the Holocaust DAVID ENGEL The Conditions of Admittance and the Social Background of Jewish Children Saved by Women's Religious Orders in Poland, 1939-1945 EWA KUREK-LESIK Part V After 1945 The Contexts of the So-Called Jewish Question in Poland after World War II KRYSTYNA KERSTEN and PAWEL SZAPIRO Is There a Jewish School of Polish Literature? JAN BLONSKI A Voice from the Diaspora: Julian Stryjkowski LAURA QUERCIOLI-MINCER Poles and Poland in I. B. Singer's Fiction MONIKA ADAMCZYK-GARBOWSKA Notes on Contributors Chronological Table Maps Glossary Index

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Book SynopsisJewish society in Poland-Lithuania in the second half of the eighteenth century was by no means insular: Jews numbered about 750,000, and comprised about half the urban population of the country. The contact between Jews and the wider Polish society found expression in the languages Jews knew, in their marriage patterns, even in their synagogue architecture and decoration, but also in Polish accusations of Jewish ritual murder. All these aspects are here systematically reviewed. Internal factors influencing developments within Jewish society are discussed: treatments of the medieval rabbinic ban on polygamy, as well as various influences of the growing interest in kabbalah-its impact on synagogue structure, on prayer, and on the spiritual world of women. The growth of hasidism is considered through critical analysis of the legends about its founder, Israel Ba'al Shem Tov. This wealth of topics helps to fill the gaps in our understanding of Jewish life in this important period. The New Views section of the volume incorporates valuable studies on other topics. Articles include a revisionist view of the beginnings of Polish Jewry, based on analysis of medieval manuscripts; a thought-provoking review of the depiction of Polish-Jewish relations in recent Polish cinema; a study of the NKVD's treatment of Henryk Erlich and Wiktor Alter; and an erudite study of mayufes as a window on Polish-Jewish relations. The Book Reviews section includes a debate between Tomasz Gasowski and Artur Eisenbach on the latter's book on Jewish emancipation in Poland; review essays of books on Auschwitz and on I. B. Singer; and twenty-seven individual book reviews, followed by a bibliography of Polish-Jewish studies for 1994. The contemporary state of Polish-Jewish relations is covered, along with additional aspects of Jewish life in today's Poland, in an article by Poland's Ambassador to the Jewish Diaspora, Krzysztof Sliwinski. CONTRIBUTORS: Paul Coates, Artur Eisenbach, Tomasz Gasowski, Jacob Goldberg, Zenon Guldon, Thomas C. Hubka, Gertrud Pickhan, Elchanan Reiner, Moshe Rosman, Chone Shmeruk, Krzysztof Sliwinski, Daniel Stone, Israel M. Ta-Shma, Nechama Tec, Chava Weissler, Elimelech Westreich, Jacek Wijacka.Table of ContentsTowards a Polish-Jewish Dialogue KRZYSZTOF SLIWINSKI Note on Transliteration, Names, and Place-Names Introduction GERSHON DAVID HUNDERT Part I Jews in Early Modern Poland Jewish Marriage in Eighteenth-Century Poland JACOB GOLDBERG 'For the Human Soul is the Lamp of the Lord': The Tkhine for 'Laying Wicks' by Sarah bas Tovim CHAVA WEISSLER The Ban on Polygamy in Polish Rabbinic Thought ELIMELECH WESTREICH The Ashkenazi Elite at the Beginning of the Modern Era: Manuscript versus Printed Book ELCHANAN REINER The Accusation of Ritual Murder in Poland, 1500-1800 ZENON GULDON and JACEK WIJACZKA Jewish Art and Architecture in the East European Context: The Gwozdziec-Chodorow Group of Wooden Synagogues THOMAS HUBKA In Praise of the Ba'al Shem Tov: A User's Guide to the Editions of Shivhei haBesht MOSHE ROSMAN Knowledge of Foreign Languages among Eighteenth-Century Polish Jews DANIEL STONE Part II New Views Walls and Frontiers: Polish Cinema's Portrayal of Polish-Jewish Relations PAUL COATES 'That Incredible History of the Polish Bund Written in a Soviet Prison': The NKVD Files on Henryk Erlich and Wiktor Alter GERTRUD PICKHAN Mayufes: A Window on Polish-Jewish Relations CHONE SHMERUK On the History of the Jews in Twelfth- and Thirteenth-Century Poland ISRAEL M. TA-SHMA Part III Reviews REVIEW ESSAYS On Eisenbach on Emancipation TOMASZ GASOWSKI A Reply to Tomasz Gasowski ARTUR EISENBACH Two Books on Isaac Bashevis Singer CHONE SHMERUK On Auschwitz NECHAMA TEC BOOK REVIEWS BIBLIOGRAPHY OF POLISH-JEWISH STUDIES, 1994 Notes on Contributors Glossary Index

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Book SynopsisHasidism has been a seminal force and source of controversy in the Jewish world since its inception in the second half of the eighteenth century. Indeed, almost every ideological trend that has made itself felt among Jews since that time-from Zionism and Orthodoxy to contemporary Jewish feminism and movements within the yeshiva world-has claimed to have derived some inspiration from this vibrant movement. While this is sure testimony to its vitality and originality, it has also given rise to many misconceptions as to what hasidism is about. This major work, the first comprehensive critical study of hasidism in English, offers a wide-ranging treatment of the subject in all its aspects by what is effectively the entire present generation of scholars working in the field. With contributions ranging from the history of theology and of ideas through social and economic history to contemporary sociology, Hasidism Reappraised encompasses a complete field of modern scholarship in a discipline that is central to the understanding of modern Jewish history and the contemporary Jewish world. The twenty-eight authors who have contributed to the main body of the book are almost without exception established scholars with international reputations. The volume as a whole is dedicated to the memory of Joseph Weiss, and its opening section assesses his contribution to the study of hasidism in the context of his relationship with Gershom Scholem and Scholem's long-standing influence on the field. The remaining contributions are arranged thematically under seven headings: the social history of hasidism; the social functions of mystical ideals in the hasidic movement; distinctive outlooks and schools of thought within hasidism; the hasidic tale; the history of hasidic historiography; contemporary hasidism; and the present state of research on hasidism. The book also incorporates an extensive introduction that places the various articles in their intellectual context, as well as a bibliography of hasidic sources and contemporary scholarly literature. Hasidism Reappraised shows an intellectual world at an important juncture in its development and points to the direction in which scholarly study of hasidism is likely to develop in the years to come.CONTRIBUTORS: Jacob Barnai, Israel Bartal, Joseph Dan, Rachel Elior, Immanuel Etkes, Shmuel Ettinger, Morris M. Faierstein, Roland Goetschel, Arthur Green, Zeev Gries, Karl Erich GROZINGER, Moshe Hallamish, Gershon David Hundert, Moshe Idel, Louis Jacobs, Jacob Katz, Naftali Loewenthal, Daniel Meijers, Yehoshua Mondshine, Gedaliah Nigal, Mendel Piekarz, Ada Rapoport-Albert, Moshe J. Rosman, Bracha Sack, Yoseph Salmon, Chone Shmeruk, Sara Ora Heller Wilensky, Elliot R. Wolfson.Trade Review'Ce fort volume ... Cet ouvrage represente sans conteste une etape importante pour la connaissance du hasidisme.'- Jacques Gutwirth, Archives des Sciences Sociales des Religions'A magnificent account of that phenomenon from the Jewish past-Hasidism. Not only is it a consummate work of scholarship, but the editor has drawn together some of the personal relationships between scholars to show how this has also been the yeast in the splendid lekakh. Before all else, a word of praise for the editor ... to be read as well as to be dipped into and also to have as a major reference work. Trawling the index alone kept me fascinated for many evenings. Some wealthy Jews build synagogues, Jewish centres, but Louis Thomas Sidney Littman, who founded the Littman Library for the love of God and in memory of his father, gave us the wisest gift of all. Our richest past. His memory for a blessing. Ada Rapoport-Albert is an Israeli lecturer at University College, London. She is a considerable editor, writer, and scholar, and by all personal accounts an inspired teacher.'- Alex Auswaks, Jerusalem Post'Probably the most important analytical study of the Hasidic movement to have appeared in the English language, and it can be read with profit by anyone seriously interested in Jewish history.'- Edgar Samuel, Jewish Historical Studies'Undoubtedly of great value for our knowledge of hasidism.'- Jacques Gutwirth, Jewish Journal of Sociology'An opportunity to encounter virtually all the most important trends in the study of Hasidism and to move beyond the approaches and theories that have until now constituted conventional wisdom ... It is a volume that will be essential for anyone with a serious interest in Hasidism and indeed for any Judaica collection.'- Miles Krassen, Journal of Jewish Studies'Handsome collection of twenty-eight essays by world-ranking scholars ... comprehensive indeed, and profound, articulate, often gripping, and frequently counter to conventional wisdom ... amply rewarded by the superb job of translating, editing and reducing to easily readable length ... a reflection of major watersheds in the study of Hasidism.'- Lewis Glinert, Le'elaTable of ContentsNotes on contributorsIntroduction - ADA RAPOPORT-ALBERTPart I Joseph G. Weiss as a Student of Hasidism1 Joseph G. Weiss: A Personal Appraisal - JACOB KATZ2 Joseph Weiss: Letters to Ora - SARA ORA HELLER WILENSKYPart II Towards a New Social History of Hasidism3 The Conditions in Jewish Society in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the Middle Decades of the Eighteenth Century - GERSHON DAVID HUNDERT4 Social Conflicts in Miedzyboz in the Generation of the Besht - MOSHE J. ROSMAN5 Hasidism and the Kahal in Eastern Europe - SHMUEL ETTINGER6 Hasidism after 1772: Structural Continuity and Change - ADA RAPOPORT- ALBERT7 The Hasidic Managing Editor as an Agent of Culture - ZEEV GRIESPart III The Social Function of Mystical Ideals in Hasidism8 The Zaddik: The Interrelationship between religious Doctrine and Social Organization - IMMANUEL ETKES9 The Paradigms of Yesh and Ayin in Hasidic Thought - RACHEL ELIOR10 Walking as a Sacred Duty: Theological Transformation of Social Reality in Early Hasidism - ELLIOT R. WOLFSON11 Hasidism and the Dogma of the Decline of the Generations - LOUIS JACOBS12 Personal Redemption in Hasidism - MORRIS M. FAIERSTEIN13 Hasidism as a Socio-religious Movement on the Evidence of Devekut - MENDEL PIEKARZPart IV Distinctive Outlooks and Schools of Thought within Hasidism14 The Influence of Reshit hokhmah on the Teachings of the Maggid of Mezhirech - BRACHA SACK15 Torah lishmah as a Central Concept in the Degel mahaneh Efrayim of Moses Hayyim Ephraim of Sudylkow - ROLAND GOETSCHEL16 The Teachings of R. Menahem Mendel of Vitebsk - MOSHE HALLAMISH17 Habad Approaches to Contemplative Prayer, 1790-1920 - NAFTALI LOEWENTHAL18 The Fluidity of Categories in Hasidism: Averah lishmah in the Teachings of R. Zevi Elimelekh of Dynow - YEHOSHUA MONDSHINE19 R. Naphtali Zevi of Ropczyce (the 'Ropshitser') as a Hasidic Leader - YOSEPH SALMONPart V The Hasidic Tale20 New Light on the Hasidic Tale and its Sources - GEDALIAH NIGAL21 The Source Value of the Basic Recensions of Shivhei haBesht - KARL ERICH GRA-ZINGERPart VI The History of Hasidic Historiography22 The Imprint of Haskalah Literature on the Historiography of Hasidism - ISRAEL BARTAL23 The Historiography of the Hasidic Immigration to Erets Yisrael - JACOB BARNAI24 Martin Buber and Gershom Scholem on Hasidism: A Critical Appraisal - MOSHE IDEL25 Yitzhak Schiper's Study of Hasidism in Poland - CHONE SHMERUKPart VII Contemporary Hasidism26 Hasidism: The Third Century - JOSEPH DAN27 Differences in Attitudes to Study and Work between Present-day Hasidism and Mitnaggedim: A Sociological View - DANIEL MEIJERSPart VIII The Present State of Research on Hasidism: An Overview28 Early Hasidism: Some Old/New Questions - ARTHUR GREEN29 The Study of Hasidism: past Trends and New Directions - IMMANUEL ETKESBibliographyIndex

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Book SynopsisThis survey history of Jewish life and culture in early modern Europe is the first to focus on the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries as a radically new phase in Jewish history. The book lays particular emphasis on the reversal of trends in western and central Europe in the late sixteenth century, which was followed by a rapid increase in Jewish numbers and activity, and far-reaching reorganization of Jewish society and institutions. A major consequence of these changes was a much expanded and more varied Jewish role in European civilization as a whole. The first edition of this book was the joint winner of the Wolfson Literary Prize for History in 1986. For this third edition, the book has been updated and includes a new introduction.Trade ReviewFIRST & SECOND EDITIONS'An important book ... which will be of extreme value to all students of early modern Europe ... Professor Israel has shed new and powerful light on a neglected period.'Lionel Kochan, British Book News'Remarkable and very readable ... a consistent narrative of Jewish participation in the socio-economic odyssey of their Wirtsvolker.'J. Wansbrough, Bulletin of the School of Oriental & African Studies'Israel's sweeping synthesis of two centuries of Jewish demographics, economics, community life, and culture is no mere restatement of the existing scholarly consensus ... an important, highly controversial study of great interest to those serious students of Baroque Jewish and general history who are equipped to weigh its challenging claims.'M. A. Meyer, Choice'An ambitious and much needed study of Jewish life and culture in the context of Europe's intellectual and religious history ... a skilful synthesis of current scholarship. To this he has brought his own sharply critical judgement and a highly original interpretative theory ... highly stimulating.'Henry Roseveare, Economic History Review'A beautiful work of scholarship and synthesis that should immediately become a standard text ... For the first time, the history of early modern European Jewry is presented as a coherent whole and in a form recognizable to non-Jewish scholars, adhering to all of the standards of scholarship ... Israel's sparkling book should eliminate that blind spot found in so many historical works, which should be dealing with Jewish themes but have not done so simply because no suitable guide was readily to hand.'David S. Katz, English Historical Review'Professor Israel deserves major credit for doing what others have shied away from: recognizing the early modern period as a unit for the Jews of Europe as a whole and trying to find clear trends across the continent. All students of Jewish and general economic history of the period must study this book carefully and will learn much.'Benjamin Ravid, European History Quarterly'A valuable survey'J. L. Price, History'A fundamental reinterpretation of early modern Jewish history ... an important starting point for a fuller re-examination of early modern Jewish history.'John D. Klier, Journal of European Studies'Important, readable, illuminating ... offers a fresh approach and many new interpretations in Jewish history of the early modern period, and challenges conceptions long held sacred by previous historians.'George Wolf, Judaica Book News'This comprehensive account of rapid political and economic change over two centuries should become standard reading for all historians of early modern Europe.'Theodore K. Rabb, Times Literary SupplementTHIRD EDITION'Sheds further light on a subject only beginning to receive adequate attention and scholarship ... In this updated third edition, Professor Israel adds the new evidence from recent research to support the several important themes ... For both the academic specialist as well as the reader with a general interest, Professor Israel's monograph makes a scholarly and accessible contribution ... a lively and erudite analysis ...'Lawrence Haar, Jewish Book News & Reviews'Continues to be a basic book for understanding how Jews were affected by the changes of the early modern period.'Stephen J. Burnett, Sixteenth Century JournalTable of ContentsPreface to the third editionPreface to the first editionAbbreviationsIntroduction1 Exodus from the West2 Turning-Point (1570-1600)3 Consolidation (1600-1620)4 Jewish Culture (1550-1650)5 The Thirty Years War6 The High Point (I): The 'Court Jews' (1650-1713)7 The High Point (II): Jewish Society (1650-1713)8 The High Point (III): 'A Republic Apart'9 The High Point (IV): Spiritual Crisis (1650-1713)10 Decline and Renewal (1713-1750)11 ConclusionBibliographyPrimary printed sourcesSecondary worksIndex

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Book SynopsisIn his three-volume history, Antony Polonsky provides a comprehensive survey—socio-political, economic, and religious—of the Jewish communities of eastern Europe from 1350 to the present. Until the Second World War, this was the heartland of the Jewish world: nearly three and a half million Jews lived in Poland alone, while nearly three million more lived in the Soviet Union. Although the majority of the Jews of Europe and the United States, and many of the Jews of Israel, originate from these lands, their history there is not well known. Rather, it is the subject of mythologizing and stereotypes that fail both to bring out the specific features of the Jewish civilization which emerged there and to illustrate what was lost. Jewish life, though often poor materially, was marked by a high degree of spiritual and ideological intensity and creativity. Antony Polonsky recreates this lost world—brutally cut down by the Holocaust and less brutally but still seriously damaged by the Soviet attempt to destroy Jewish culture. Wherever possible, the unfolding of history is illustrated by contemporary Jewish writings to show how Jews felt and reacted to the complex and difficult situations in which they found themselves. This first volume begins with an overview of Jewish life in Poland and Lithuania down to the mid-eighteenth century. It describes the towns and shtetls where the Jews lived, the institutions they developed, and their participation in the economy. Developments in religious life, including the emergence of hasidism and the growth of opposition to it, are described in detail. The volume goes on to cover the period from 1764 to 1881, highlighting government attempts to increase the integration of Jews into the wider society and the Jewish responses to these efforts, including the beginnings of the Haskalah movement. Attention is focused on developments in each country in turn: the problems of emancipation, acculturation, and assimilation in Prussian and Austrian Poland; the politics of integration in the Kingdom of Poland; and the failure of forced integration in the tsarist empire. Volume 2 covers the period 1881–1914; Volume 3 covers 1914–2008.Trade Review'Polonsky's sweeping study offers an illuminating, accessible view of Jewish life in eastern Euope since the end of World War II. In elegant prose, the author engages major historiographical issues while analyzing important cultural, religious, social, and political trends among eastern European Jewry. He carefully frames each section with a chapter-long overview of the relevant historical context for the following chapters . . . Throughout, Polonsky masterfully navigates the different realms of a turbulent eastern European Jewish world, conveying both the richness of its history and the tragedy of its destruction. Highly recommended.'J. Haus, Choice'Succeeds admirably. Simply put, these volumes are required reading for anyone with a serious interest in East European history or for anyone looking for a scholarly assessment of a particular feature of Polish or Russian Jewish history. Handsomely produced, with extensive maps and tables, and a glossary . . . will remain a standard work in the field for some time . . . a body of work that, in summarizing the current state of our knowledge, effectively sets the agenda for future scholars. Polonsky is perhaps the scholar most responsible for the growth of Polish Jewish studies in the late twentieth century . . Very few historians could write a series of volumes like this . . . [he] has armed scholars with a formidable tool that will help them dispel stereotypes . . . Just as these volumes are destined to become the starting point for the work of many students, they will be the touchstone for scholars working in the field at all levels.' Sean Martin, European History Quarterly'Combines a masterful grasp of Jewish history with that of eastern Europe. While underlining the unique features and achievements of the Jewish communal experience he authoritatively integrates them into the history of the countries in which Jews lived . . . Incorporating current, ground-breaking scholarship from North America, Israel, and Europe these beautifully narrated volumes should not only be seen as a staple of university courses, but also as a must-read for anyone attempting to understand any aspect of modern Jewish history and religious tradition, wherever it may be playing out . . . With this extremely important book, Antony Polonsky not only writes history but, following the example of his illustrious predecessors, makes it.' Katarzyna Person, European Judaism'We can only commend Antony Polonsky for his massive effort to explain seven centuries of Jewish history in a mere 2,000 pages . . . Polonsky's strength lies in his ability to illuminate intellectual and cultural developments . . . Because of the excellent bibliographies, extensive annotation, and wonderful maps included in each volume, any reader wishing to read in greater detail about Polish and Russian Jewry will have plenty of resources to enable the search.' Alexandra S. Korros, Jewish Quarterly'Magisterial . . . all three volumes, but particularly Volume 3, should be of special interest to Polish Americans and all Americans interested in the history of the Jews in Poland, Lithuania, and Russia.' Anna M. Cienciala, Polish Review'Definitive . . . The scope is immense and the author does an impressive job of synthesizing a vast literature . . . This trilogy will no doubt serve as a standard history of east European Jewry for a long time.' - Shaul Stampfer, Religious Studies Review'Exemplary and formidable . . . Polonsky, as much as anyone else, has created the field of modern Jewish history as a subject to be considered and understood rather than simply a tragic past to be mourned. He is too good a historian to confuse the history of Jewish life with the German policies that brought Jewish death . . . The barely visible commitment in these three wonderful volumes is to rescue a world from polemic, for the sake of history.' - Timothy Snyder, Wall Street Journal‘The first serious, and most successful, effort thus far to summarize the history of the Jews of “Eastern Europe” . . . the first book to synthesize the vast research that has emerged since the seventies . . . comprehensive and multidisciplinary . . . there is no book today that can compare to its scope and to the vast and new materials that he brings forth and analyzes with a broad imagination, an intensive approach, and a moderate style.’ - Moshe Rosman, ZionTable of ContentsList of Maps List of Tables Note on Transliteration Note on Place Names Maps General Introduction I Jewish Life in Poland–Lithuanian to 1750 Introduction 1 Jews and Christians in Early Modern Poland–Lithuania 2 The Structure of Jewish Autonomous Institutions 3 Jewish Places: Royal Towns and Noble Towns 4 Jews in Economic Life 5 Religious and Spiritual Life Conclusion Appendix: The Polish-Lithuanian Background II Attempts to Transform and Integrate the Jews, and the Jewish Response, 1750–1880 Introduction 1 The Last Years of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth 2 The Jews in the Prussian Partition of Poland, 1772–1870 3 The Jews in Galicia to the mid-1870s 4 The Jews in the Duchy of Warsaw and the Kingdom of Poland, 1807–1881 5 The Jews in the Tsarist Empire, 1772–1825 6 Nicholas I and the Jews of Russia, 1825–1855 7 The Reign of Alexander II, 1855–1881 Glossary Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisThe Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, created in 1569, covered a wide spectrum of faiths and languages. The nobility, who were the main focus of Polishness, were predominantly Catholic, particularly from the later seventeenth century; the peasantry included Catholics, Protestants, and members of the Orthodox faith, while nearly half the urban population, and some 10 per cent of the total population, was Jewish. The partition of Poland at the end of the eighteenth century and the subsequent struggle to regain Polish independence raised the question of what the boundaries of a future state should be, and who qualified as a Pole. The partitioning powers, for their part, were determined to hold on to the areas they had annexed: Prussia tried to strengthen the German element in Poland; the Habsburgs encouraged the development of a Ukrainian consciousness in Austrian Galicia to act as a counterweight to the dominant Polish nobility; and Russia, while allowing the Kingdom of Poland to enjoy substantial autonomy, treated the remaining areas it had annexed as part of the tsarist monarchy. When Poland became independent after the First World War more than a third of its population were thus Ukrainians, Belarusians, Germans, Jews, and Lithuanians, many of whom had been influenced by nationalist movements. The core articles in the volume focus especially on the triangular relationship between Poles, Jews, and Germans in western Poland, and between the different national groups in what are today Lithuania, Belarus, and Ukraine. In addition, the New Views section investigates aspects of Jewish life in pre-partition Poland and in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. There are also the regular Review Essay and Book Review sections.Trade Review'This volume is no exception to the generally high quality of the series ... gives a truly international perspective on the field ... well indexed and attractively printed and bound ... very useful for any collection that deals with east European Jewry.' Shaul Stampfer, Religious Studies ReviewTable of ContentsNote on place-Names Note on Transliteration The Sixtieth Anniversary of the Massacre in Jedwabne: Two Speeches Delivered in Jedwabne, 10 July 2001 Part 1 Jews in the Polish Borderlands Introduction ANTONY POLONSKY The Self-Perception of Lithuanian- Belarusian Jewry in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries VITAL ZAJKA Jewish Rights of Residence in Cieszyn Silesia, 1742-1848 JANUSZ SPYRA The Jewish Community in the Grand Duchy of Poznan under Prussian Rule, 1815-1848 SOPHIA KEMLEIN Between Germans and Poles: The Jews of Poznan in 1848 KRZYSZTOF A. MAKOWSKI The Rabbinical Seminaries as Institutions of Socialization in Tsarist Russia, 1847-1873 VERENA DOHRN The Zhitomir Rabbinical School: New Materials and Perspectives EFIM MELAMED Three Documents on Anti-Jewish Violence in the Eastern Kresy during the Polish-Soviet Conflict SARUNAS LIEKIS, LIDIA MILIAKOVA, and ANTONY POLONSKY The Policies of the Sanacja on the Jewish Minority in Silesia, 1926-1939 JACEK PIOTROWSKI The Vilna Years of Jakub Rotbaum ANNA HANNOWA Tsevorfene bleter: The Emergence of Yung Vilne JUSTIN D. CAMMY Jewish Autonomy in Inter-War Lithuania: An Interview with Yudl Mark DOV LEVIN The Transfer of the Vilna District into Lithuania, 1939 SARUNAS LIEKIS Jan Kazimierz University, 1936-1939: A Memoir BRONISLAWA WITZ-MARGULIES My First Encounters with Jews and Ukrainians JACEK KURON Lithuania Honours a Holocaust Rescuer JONATHAN GOLDSTEIN Part 2 New Views Christian Servants Employed by Jews in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries JUDITH KALIK Boleslaw Prus and the Dreyfus Case AGNIESZKA FRIEDRICH Jewish War Cemeteries in Western Galicia ADAM BARTOSZ New Sources on the History of the Old Synagogue in Lodz KRZYSZTOF STEFANSKI A Fish Breaks through the Net: Sven Norrman and the Holocaust JOZEF LEWANDOWSKI The Work and Recommendations of the Polish-Israeli Textbooks Committee SHEVACH EDEN The Image of the Holocaust in the Polish Historical Consciousness FELIKS TYCH Part 3 Reviews REVIEW ESSAYS John Paul II on Jews and Judaism ROBERT S. WISTRICH Recent Developments in the Historiography of Silesian Jews MARCIN WODZINSKI A Review of Some Recent Issues of the Biuletyn Zydowskiego Instytutu Historycznego ABRAHAM BRUMBERG Gates of Heaven ELEONORA BERGMAN Upside-Down History JERZY TOMASZEWSKI REVIEWS OBITUARIES Notes on the Contributors Glossary Index

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Book SynopsisThis volume highlights new research on Jewish spiritual and religious life in Poland before modern political ideas began to transform the Jewish world. It covers a range of topics. Three articles deal with rabbinic scholarship in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries and a fourth presents accounts of Purim festivities at that time. The eighteenth-century studies focus on Jewish spirituality. Four articles deal with the Frankist movement, the main topics being Frankist propaganda; non-Christian Frankists; Jonathan Eibeschuetz and the Frankists; and the influence of Frankism on Polish culture. There are four articles on hasidism-on the tsadik and the ba'al shem; the childhood of tsadikim in hasidic legends; the fall of the Seer of Lublin; and the hasidism of Gur-and one about Nahman Krochmal. Of the contributors to the core section on Jewish spiritual and religious life, four are Polish. Three contributors are working in Germany, where Jewish studies is likewise re-establishing itself. Other contributors are scholars from Canada, Israel, South Africa, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Some are themselves religious, others are secular; taken together, their contributions further the study of Jewish religious traditions in Poland, a topic central to an understanding of Jewish society and history in Poland but one which has long been considered marginal by the academic world. As in earlier volumes of Polin, substantial space is given to new research in other areas of Polish-Jewish studies. There is an extensive survey of the papal Holocaust papers, as well as contributions relating to education for girls, to Auschwitz as a site of memories, and to aspects of Jewish literature, politics, society, and economics. A young Polish scholar from Jedwabne has contributed a moving article on local reactions to news of the massacre of the Jews of that town. The review section include two separate essays with contrasting opinions on Yaffa Eliach's monumental study of Eishyshok.Trade Review'This scholarly, well-researched, and interesting collection of essays from a host of international scholars offers ... insightful analysis on a wide variety of topics from multiple viewpoints.' David B. Levy, AJL Newsletter 'An important collection of articles both for student interested in the history of the Jews in Poland and for scholars who are interested in following the central developments in this area.' Rachel Manekin, Zeitschrift fur Ostmitteleuropa-ForschungTable of ContentsA Note on Place Names Note on Transliteration Part 1 Jewish Religious Life, 1500-1900 Introduction ANTONY POLONSKY Printing the Talmud in Poland in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries KRZYSZTOF PILARCZYK Isaac of Troki's Studies of Rabbinic Literature STEFAN SCHREINER Polish Attitudes towards Jewish Spirituality in the Eighteenth Century JUDITH KALIK Sixteenth-Century Accounts of Purim Festivities HANNA WEGRZYNEK Jewish Popular Spirituality in the Eighteenth Century GERSHON DAVID HUNDERT The Struggle over Images in the Propaganda of the Frankist Movement HARRIS LENOWITZ The Non-Christian Frankists JAN DOKTA"R Rabbi Jonathan Eibeschuetz's Attitude towards the Frankists SID Z. LEIMAN The Influence of Frankism on Polish Culture. MICHAL GALAS Tsadik and Ba'al Shem in East European Hasidism KARL E. GRA-TZINGER Holy Men in their Infancy: The Childhood of Tsadikim in Hasidic Legends SUSANNE GALLEY One Event, Two Interpretations: The Fall of the Seer of Lublin in Hasidic Memory and Maskilic Satire DAVID ASSAF How Far was Krochmal Influenced by the Gaon Sherira ben Hanina in his Description of the Development of Oral Torah? MARGARETE SHLA TER The Messiah Son of Joseph according to Rabbi Zaddok Hacohen ROLAND GOETSCHEL Primordial Chaos and Creation in Gur Hasidism: The Sabbath that Preceded Creation YORAM JACOBSON Part 2 New Views 'Ahavat yehonatan', A Poem by Judah Leo Landau VERONICA BELLING Jakub Becal, King Jan III Sobieski's Jewish Factor ADAM KAZMIERCZYK The Shtadlan of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth: Noble Advocate or Unbridled Opportunist? SCOTT URY Educational Options for Jewish Girls in Nineteenth-Century Europe ELIYANA R. ADLER The Society for the Advancement of Trade, Industry, and Crafts SZYMON RUDNICKI Strangers in their Own Land: Polish Jews from Lublin to Kielce DANIEL BLATMAN Jewish Writers in Polish Literature EUGENIA PROKOP-JANIEC Auschwitz: Site of Memories SLAWOMIR KAPRALSKI My Jebwabne MARTA KURKOWSKA-BUDZAN Part 3 Reviews REVIEW ESSAYS Report of the Vatican Documents on the Second World War The Vatican Documents and the Holocaust: A Personal Report ROBERT S. WISTRICH Yaffa Eliach's Eishyshok: Two Views i 'The new Jew Hitler has fashioned into being' SARUNAS LEIKIS ii Ejszyszki Revisited, 1939-1945 JOHN RADZILOWSKI Holocaust Survivors in Jadwiga Maurer's Short Stories JOANNA ROSTROPOWICZ CLARK Polish Translations of Yiddish Literature published in Wroclaw JERZY TOMASZEWSKI BOOK REVIEWS Part 4 Appreciations and Obituaries Chone Shmeruk: The Man and his Work ISRAEL BARTAL The Scholarly Activities of Chone Shmeruk in Poland JA"ZEF A. GIEROWSKI Jan Karski (1914-2000) STANISLAUS A. BLEJWAS Moshe Mishkinsky (1917-1998) JOSHUA D. ZIMMERMAN Notes on Contributors and Translators Glossary Index

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Book SynopsisHow did British Jewry respond to the Holocaust, how prominent was it on the communal agenda, and what does this response tell us about the values, politics, and fears of the Anglo-Jewish community? This book studies the priorities of that community, and thereby seeks to analyse the attitudes and philosophies which informed actions. It paints a picture of Anglo-Jewish life and its reactions to a wide range of matters in the non-Jewish world. Richard Bolchover charts the transmission of the news of the European catastrophe and discusses the various theories regarding reactions to these exceptional circumstances. He investigates the structures and political philosophies of Anglo-Jewry during the war years and covers the reactions of Jewish political and religious leaders as well as prominent Jews acting outside the community's institutional framework. Various co-ordinated responses, political and philanthropic, are studied, as are the issues which dominated the community at that time, namely internal conflict and the fear of increased domestic antisemitism: these preoccupations inevitably affected responses to events in Europe. The latter half of the book looks at the ramifications of the community's socio-political philosophies including, most radically, Zionism, and their influence on communal reactions. This acclaimed study raises major questions about the structures and priorities of the British Jewish community. For this paperback, the author has added a new Introduction summarizing research in the field since the book's first appearance.Trade Review'Admirable ... it works splendidly well ... [an] impressive, noble, and genuinely important book.'Andrew Chandler, English Historical Review'This sombre and lucid book is an important contribution to a matter which to this day stirs the conscience of British Jewry.'Roger Falk, Ham and High'A poignant and important contribution to Holocaust studies ... Bolchover has held a bright and honest flame to what he sees as the shames of Anglo-Jewry in wartime Britain.'Ian McIntyre, The Independent'Not simply a narrative of Jewish and by necessity non-Jewish attitudes and reaction to the Holocaust in Europe, but almost a work in moral ethics. It is a tour de force.'Harold Steinhof, Jewish Book News & Reviews'A act of great courage, for which the author deserves our profound thanks.'Geoffrey Alderman, Jewish Chronicle'This is absorbing, frightening, upsetting, essential reading. If Anglo-Jewry is to acquire a conviction about its values, this period of history must be re-examined; those institutions which so failed fellow-Jews must be reassessed; routes to influence within the Jewish community must be questioned. Finally, those who still remember those days must be asked, before it is too late, why so little was done.'Julia Neuberger, The Times'Bolchover's critique opens up this debate and ... will stimulate British Jews to consider the still current questions of fear and invisibility.'Julia Pascal, Times Educational Supplement'Classic study.'Marcia Posner, AJL Newsletter'There is no doubt that Bolchover has completed a vast amount of careful research and documented his findings meticulously ... The book contains much useful and fascinating information.'Liz Ramsey, Perspectives: Journal of the Holocaust Centre, Beth ShalomTable of ContentsPrefaceIntroductionIntroduction to the Second EditionPart I Knowing and BelievingPart II The Institutions Introduction: the Anglo-Jewish community1 Communal priorities2 The institutional response to the HolocaustPart III The Ideologies Introduction: social and political philosophies3 The politics of hope4 The politics of fear5 The Jewish fighting modelConclusionNotesBibliographyIndex

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Book SynopsisThe span of Rabbi Jehiel Jacob Weinberg's life (1884-1966) illuminates the religious and intellectual dilemmas that traditional Jewry has faced over the past century. Rabbi Weinberg became a central ideologue of modern Orthodoxy because of his positive attitude to secular studies and Zionism and his willingness to respond to social change in interpreting the halakhah, despite his traditional training in a Lithuanian yeshiva. But Weinberg was an unusual man: even at a time when he was defending the traditional yeshiva against all attempts at reform, he always maintained an interest in the wider world. He left Lithuania for Germany at the beginning of the First World War, attended the University of Giessen, and increasingly identified with the Berlin school of German Orthodoxy. Although initially an apologist for the Nazi regime, he was soon recognized as German Orthodoxy's most eminent halakhic authority in its efforts to maintain religious tradition in the face of Nazi persecution. His approach, then and in his later halakhic writings, including the famous Seridei esh, derived from the conviction that the attempt to shore up Orthodoxy by increased religious stringency would only reduce its popular appeal. Using a great deal of unpublished material, including private correspondence, Marc Shapiro discusses many aspects of Weinberg's life. In doing so he elucidates many institutional and intellectual phenomena of the Jewish world, a number of which have so far received little scholarly attention: the yeshivas of Lithuania; the state of the Lithuanian rabbinate; the musar movement; the Jews of eastern Europe in Weimar Germany; the Torah im Derekh Eretz movement and its variants; Orthodox Jewish attitudes towards Wissenschaft des Judentums; and the special problems of Orthodox Jews in Nazi Germany. Throughout, he shows the complex nature of Weinberg's character and the inner struggles of a man being pulled in different directions. Compellingly and authoritatively written, his fascinating conclusions are quite different from those presented in earlier historical treatments of the period.Trade Review‘Thoroughly researched and highly readable . . . an excellently written book, highly recommended for all college-level libraries.’- Yisrael Dubitsky, AJL Newsletter‘Shapiro’s exemplary biography marks the onset of a new stage in biographical scholarship about leading Orthodox personalities . . . Shapiro’s mastery of rabbinic and historical sources, the fact that no relevant archival or published source is untouched, the superb contextual studies, the 1,037 enriching and critical footnotes, make this a classic.’- Gershon Greenberg, AJS Review‘Marc Shapiro's excellent new study dedicated to the life and philosophy of Rabbi Weinberg is certainly one of the finest pieces of contemporary Jewish scholarship . . . This is a monumental study of a great man and a great rabbi. It breaks new ground in biographies of “Gedolei Israel” as Rabbi Weinberg is depicted as a human being, warts and all. Few events are glossed over—his family, philosophy, friends, and career are all discussed in detail without the usual embellishments. In addition, this study offers the reader a detailed view of the complexities of Orthodox Jewish life in the twentieth century . . . This book serves not only as a study of Rabbi Jehiel Weinberg, but as a memorial to the vanished world of German Orthodoxy.’- Zalman Alpert, Algemeiner Journal‘With impeccable authority, Marc Shapiro has written an important account . . . an important historical study by a masterful Jewish scholar of a central aspect of Jewish life all too frequently neglected by secular and non-religious Jews . . . No understanding of modern Jewish history can be considered complete without an understanding of how Orthodox Judaism encountered the modern world. Shapiro’s study of the life of Jehiel Jacob Weinberg is a major scholarly contribution to our comprehension of that world.’- Richard L. Rubenstein, Congress Monthly‘We are indebted to Marc Shapiro for his brilliant work that brings to life this major halakhic personality.’- Simcha Krauss, Edah Journal‘A full-scale study of the life and writings of Jehiel Weinberg . . . that goes a long way toward clearing up the mystery surrounding the man. Shapiro’s signal contribution is to present Weinberg in the round: both the public and the private figure.’- David Singer, First Things‘A refreshing pleasure . . . Shapiro's scholarly account of Weinberg's remarkable life and turbulent times happily avoids the panegyric tone that has too long dominated the field of rabbinic “biography”, offering instead a detailed look at a rabbi of great learning and character who nonetheless strayed and erred about grave matters and who was, by the end of his life, a tragic and lonely figure . . . arguably the best biography of a twentieth-century rabbi yet written, a work of serious scholarship that greatly enriches our understanding of the history of European Judaism.’- Allan Nadler, Forward‘Marc Shapiro has written a fascinating book … His erudition is impressive.’- Alan Unterman, Jewish Chronicle‘The author demonstrates an impressive command of a broad range of primary and secondary source materials.’- Robert Brody, Journal of Jewish Studies‘A splendid biography . . . a superlative book, elegantly written, fastidiously researched, providing us with rare insights into Orthodoxy’s encounter with the modern world as reflected in the life of one of its most complex figures . . . This is scholarship of a high order.’- Jonathan Sacks, Le’ela‘Important . . . a remarkably well-written biography, and even those with little understanding of Orthodox Judaism will find it interesting and informative.’- Jack Fischel, Metrowest Jewish News‘This excellent study . . . is more than a first-rate intellectual biography. It is a portrait of Orthodoxy in the modern world . . . Shapiro combines exhaustive research with exquisite scholarship; this is not self-serving hagiography but a balanced historical study deserving a very wide audience.’- Stephen D. Benin, Religious Studies Review‘This first-class, definitive monograph . . . of genuine distinction . . . Beautifully executed . . . The dissertation itself deserves nothing but admiration. It is well-organized and well-written, intelligent in every aspect, lovingly researched but economically set forth . . . Shapiro tells us what we need to know and does not over-research or over-sell his subject. Here we have critical learning, not hagiography. Unlike equivalent studies of other Orthodox figures, however, Shapiro also preserves perspective, balance, proportion, and above all coherence, in telling the story. Here we have the definitive account of an important subject in the study of the twentieth-century history of Judaism. No-one has to go over this subject again. For a first book, that is as high praise as I can imagine—or for a tenth book, for that matter. Shapiro takes his place among the most promising and interesting and intelligent scholars of his generation.’- Jacob Neusner, Reviews in Religion and Theology‘It is to Shapiro’s credit that Weinberg’s life is painstakingly mapped out and his ideological profile carefully portrayed . . . should be read by every serious student of modern Jewish history.’- Morton J. Merowitz, Shofar‘Measured, careful, well-written, and critical yet respectful . . . The great strength of Shapiro’s study lies in his ability to “locate” Weinberg in each of the successive locales in which he found himself . . . based on a rich selection of contemporary and scholarly sources . . . a fine work of intellectual history and a worthy example of rabbinic biography written in accordance with the best standards of academic scholarship . . . Between the Yeshiva World and Modern Orthodoxy, an admirable piece of scholarship in its own right, is also part of an ongoing conversation within Orthodoxy that students of contemporary Jewry should fine of no less interest than historians.’- Gershon Bacon, Studies in Contemporary Jewry‘This is a first rate, scholarly book. The author has expended considerable energies in exhuming hitherto unavailable biographical material . . . he has also drawn on, and partially catalyzed the creation of, an oral history by interviewing an impressive cross-section of individuals . . . To this wealth of raw material he has brought an integrating intelligence and judicious melding of disparate sources to create a vivid and ultimately convincing portrait . . . The rewards for the reader’s investment are substantial.’- Mechy Frankel, TraditionTable of ContentsPreface Note on Transliteration List of Abbreviations Note on Sources 1 Early Life (1884–1905) 2 Pilwishki (1906–1913) 3 The First World War and its Aftermath (1914–1920) 4 Giessen and Beyond (1920–1932) 5 Response to the New Nazi Government (1933–1934) 6 The Nazi Era (1933–1945) 7 Post-War Years (1946–1966) Afterword Appendices Lebenslauf—autobiographical note Letter to Hitler Letter from Jacob Rosenheim Glossary Bibliography Index

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Book Synopsis

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Book Synopsis

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Book SynopsisAn examination of the tragic failure of the Anglo Jewish community and its leaders to influence the British policy of blockading the Jews of the continent during the Holocaust.

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Book SynopsisThe book uses papers released from Israeli, British and US State Department archives -- which demonstrate the thinking behind the diplomatic moves relating to the western powers' commitment to Jordan and the pro-Nasser policy of the Kennedy administration. The book examines Israeli efforts to preserve the stability of the Jordanian monarchy under king Hussein, as well as the territorial status quo between Israel and Jordan, in terms of the manoeuvrings of powerful factions in Israel to take advantage of the crisis so as to make territorial gains.Table of ContentsDevelopment of the "Pro-Nasser" Policy; Major Characteristics of Nasser's Regime; The Western Powers and Jordan; The April-May 1963 Crisis; Development of the Crisis; Diplomatic Activity of the Ambassadors; Israel and the April-May 1963 Crisis; Israel and Jordan -- From Crisis to Peace; Index.

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Book SynopsisA book examining the treatment of the Jews living in the Channel Islands during German Occupation.Table of ContentsContents: Introduction; Names which we believe are of Jewish origin'; Anti-Semitism and the Rule of Law, 1940-1945; Registration; The Jew as Legal Subject; The Third Order; Anti-Semitism and the Rule of Law, 1940-1945; The Discourse of Legalised Evil; Aryanisation in Jersey; Orange the Jew Hunter?; Bureaucracy and the Hunt for Jews in Jersey; The Cases of Hedy Bercu and Erica Richardson; Legalised Anti-Semitism Continued, 1941-1945; The Jews; Moral Duty and Ethical Obligation, 1940-1945; Resistance or Moral Failure; The Eighth Order; Law, Memory and the Holocaust in the Channel Islands; History and Mythology; Reconstructing Public Memory and the Rule of Law; Conclusion: Legal Memory/Legal Amnesia; The Fate of the Jews of the Channel Islands.

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Book SynopsisThis book explains the rejection by Smith and Adams of 'normal' Christian replacement theology and sets out the apologetics by which Smith and Adams promoted courage and conviction in all who joined them in encouraging the gathering of the Jewish exiles to Jerusalem. Joseph Smith Jr, founder of the Mormon movement and George J Adams, one of his least known followers -- two Gentile dreamers of Zion -- were instrumental in encouraging Jews and Christians to support the restoration of Israel.

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Book SynopsisThis book -- an edited collection of new contributions from distinguished Australian academics -- contextualises, illuminates, and explains the contemporary politics of Australian Jewry. It critically analyses the three broad themes above through relevant case studies and source material, and situates the politics of Australian Jews through comparisons with general patterns in Australian politics, the politics of other minorities in Australia, and the politics of other Western Jewish communities. Contains a detailed appendix of Jewish Parliamentarians, 1849 to the Present.Trade Review"This is an excellent collection by some outstanding Jewish social scientists. It should be included in any Australian politics course, where studies of 'ethnic politics' are still very marginal." -- James Jupp of the Australian National University, in the Australian Journal of Political Science Volume 43, No.3.Table of ContentsCONTENTS: Acknowledgements; Introduction: Jews and Australian Politics; Jews in Australia -- A Demographic Profile; Who Speaks for Australian Jewry?; Jews and the Australian Labour Party; Jews and the Left; Jews and the Liberal Party of Australia; Political Conservatism and the Australian Jewish Community; Anti-Semitism and Australian Jewry; Pro-Israelism as a Factor in Australian Jewish Political Attitudes and Behaviour; Mending the World from the Margins: Jewish Women and Australian Feminism; Jews and Aborigines; Jews and Australian Multiculturalism; Inside AIJAC -- An Australian Jewish Lobby Group; The Hanan Ashrawi Affair: Australian Jewish Politics on Display; Conclusion: Australian Jewish Politics in Comparative Perspective; Appendix: Jewish Parliamentarians in Australia, 1849 to the Present; Notes on Contributors; Index.

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