Semantics, discourse analysis, stylistics Books

Book SynopsisThis book looks into communicating psychiatric patient histories, from the asylum years to the clinics of today. In this engrossing study of tales of mental illness, Carol Berkenkotter examines the evolving role of case history narratives in the growth of psychiatry as a medical profession. ""Patient Tales"" follows the development of psychiatric case histories from their origins at Edinburgh Medical School and the Royal Edinburgh Infirmary in the mid - eighteenth century to the medical records of contemporary American mental health clinics. Spanning two centuries and several disciplines, Berkenkotter's investigation illustrates how discursive changes in this genre mirrored evolving assumptions and epistemological commitments among those who cared for the mentally ill.During the asylum era, case histories were a means by which practitioners organized and disseminated local knowledge through professional societies, affiliations, and journals. The way in which these histories were recorded was subsequently codified, giving rise to a genre. In her thorough reading of Sigmund Freud's ""Fragment of an Analysis of a Case of Hysteria"", Berkenkotter shows how this account of Freud's famous patient 'Dora' led to technical innovation in the genre through the incorporation of literary devices. In the volume's final section, Berkenkotter carries the discussion forward to the present in her examination of the turn from psychoanalysis to a research-based and medically oriented classification system now utilized by the American Psychiatric Association. Throughout her work, Berkenkotter stresses the value of reading case histories as an interdisciplinary bridge between the humanities and sciences.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis introduction is concerned with the semantics of natural languages. The text examines what issues semantics, as a theory of meaning, should address: determining what the meanings of words of the language are and how to semantically combine elements of a language to build up complex meanings. Logical languages are then developed as formal metalanguages to natural language. Subsequent chapters address propositional logic, the syntax and semantics of (first-order) predicate logic as an extension of propositional logic, and generalized quantifier theory. Going beyond extensional theory, de Swart relativizes the interpretation of expressions to times to account for verbal tense, time adverbials, and temporal connectives, and introduces possible worlds to modal intensions, modal adverbs, and modal auxiliaries.Table of Contents1. What is meaning?; 2. Desiderata for a theory of meaning; 3. Connectives, truth, and truth conditions; 4. Predication and quantification; 5. Scope and anaphora; 6. Limits of first-order predicate logic; 7. Generalized quantifier theory; 8. Worlds and times; Appendix.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe work reported in this monograph was begun in the winter of 1967 in a graduate seminar at Berkeley. Many of the basic data were gathered by members of the seminar and the theoretical framework presented here was initially developed in the context of the seminar discussions. Much has been discovered since 1969, the date of original publication, regarding the psychophysical and neurophysical determinants of universal, cross-linguistic constraints on the shape of basic color lexicons, and something, albeit less, can now also be said with some confidence regarding the constraining effects of these language-independent processes of color perception and conceptualization on the direction of evolution of basic color term lexicons.Table of ContentsPreface; Introduction; 1. The data, hypothesis, and general findings; 2. Evolution of basic color terms; 3. The data; 4. Summary of results and some speculations; Appendix I; Appendix II; Appendix III; Appendix IV; Notes; References Cited; Bibliography; Index.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe thrust of this book is to provide a model of lexical relations which reconciles the lexicon's idiosyncratic and productive aspects. Building on work in Head-Driven Phrase-Structure Grammar, an organization of lexical knowledge is proposed called the Type Underspecified Hierarchical Lexicon through which partial regularities, medium-size generalization, and truly productive processes receive a unified model. Its basic thesis is that all lexical relations reduce to categorization (the membership of the two related lexemes in a common category) and that category intersection is the only mechanism needed to model lexical processes provided lexical items can be stored partially underspecified as to their category membership. Aside from the conceptual simplification that results from this move, the book demonstrates that several empirical and theoretical benefits accrue to this architecture; in particular, many salient properties of morphological processes are shown to reduce to inherent, formal properties of the organization of the lexicon.Table of Contents1. Introduction; 2. Two kinds of lexical relations; 3. On-line type construction; 4. A typed constituent structure-based morphology; 5. The and/or nature of morphological processes; 6. Conclusion; Appendix; Type declarations; Bibliography; Index.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book includes famous papers such as "The Problem of the Essential Indexical" and Frege on "Demonstratives and Cognitive Significance and New Theories of Reference"; papers co-authored with Mark Crimmins ("The Prince and the Phone Booth") and David Israel ("Fodor on Psychological Explanations") and related papers on situation semantics, direct reference, and the structure of belief. Perry has added afterwords that discuss responses to his work by Gareth Evans, Robert Stalnaker, Barbara Partee, Howard Wettstein and others. The word "I" is called an indexical which means who it stands for depends on who says it, not just on its meaning. Other indexicals are "you," "here" and "now." Perry discusses how these words work, and why they express important philosophical thoughts. He claims that indexicals pose a challenge to traditional assumptions about language and thought, and for that reason a number of these papers sparked lively debates.Table of ContentsIndexicals, contexts and unarticulated constituents; Reality without reference; Evading the slingshot; Broadening the mind; Myself and I; Reflexivity, indexicality and names; Rip Van Winkle and other characters; Frege on demonstratives; The problem of the essential indexical; Belief and acceptance; A problem about continued belief; Castandeda on he and I; Perception, action, and the structure of believing; From worlds to situations; Possible worlds to situations; Circumstantial attitudes and benevolent cognition; Thought without representation; Cognitive significance and new theories of reference; The prince and the phone booth; Individuals in Informational and Intentional content; Fodor and psychological explanations.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis volume traces the work and thinking of Charles Fillmore throughout his 30 year career. It is a collection which reflects his desire to make sense of the workings of language in a way that keeps in mind questions of language form, language use and conventions linking form, meaning and practice. Papers include: "The position and embedding of transformations in a grammar"; "Towards a modern theory of case"; "The case of case"; "Types of lexical information"; "Subjects, speakers and roles"; "Verbs of judging"; "On generativity"; "The case for case reopened"; "Topics in lexical semantics"; "On the organization of semantic information in the lexicon"; "Innocence"; "Towards a descriptive framework for spatial deixis"; "Monitoring the reading process"; "Some thoughts on the boundaries and components of linguistics"; "Frames and the semantics of understanding"; "Linguistics as a tool for discourse analysis"; "Pragmatically controlled zero anaphora"; "Grammatical construction theory and the familiar dichotomies"; "Clause connectives in Japanese and related mysteries"; "Constituency vs dependancy"; Humour in academic discourse".

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis volume traces the work and thinking of Charles Fillmore throughout his 30 year career. It is a collection which reflects his desire to make sense of the workings of language in a way that keeps in mind questions of language form, language use and conventions linking form, meaning and practice. Papers include: "The position and embedding of transformations in a grammar"; "Towards a modern theory of case"; "The case of case"; "Types of lexical information"; "Subjects, speakers and roles"; "Verbs of judging"; "On generativity"; "The case for case reopened"; "Topics in lexical semantics"; "On the organization of semantic information in the lexicon"; "Innocence"; "Towards a descriptive framework for spatial deixis"; "Monitoring the reading process"; "Some thoughts on the boundaries and components of linguistics"; "Frames and the semantics of understanding"; "Linguistics as a tool for discourse analysis"; "Pragmatically controlled zero anaphora"; "Grammatical construction theory and the familiar dichotomies"; "Clause connectives in Japanese and related mysteries"; "Constituency vs dependancy"; Humour in academic discourse".

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book focuses on the semantic particularities of the French language, covering five empirical themes: determiners, adverbs, tense and aspect, negation, and information structure. The specialists contributing here—including general linguists in France and French linguists in the Netherlands—take formal approaches to semantics and its interface with syntax and pragmatics, highlighting meaning in its relation to both structure and use. Their results should be of particular interest to French and Romance linguists who want to study French from a formal semantic perspective and to general linguists who are interested in cross-linguistic semantics.

Read more less

Book SynopsisLinguistic Issues in Language Technology focuses on the relationships between linguistic insights and language technology. In conjunction with machine learning and statistical techniques, more sophisticated models of language and speech are needed to make significant progress in both existing and newly emerging areas of computational language analysis. The vast quantity of electronically accessible natural language data provides unprecedented opportunities for data-intensive analysis of linguistic phenomena, which can in turn enrich computational methods. Linguistic Issues in Language Technology provides a forum for this work. In this volume, contributors offer new perspectives on semantic representations for textual inference.

Read more less

Book SynopsisWhy are diagrams sometimes so useful, facilitating our understanding and thinking, while at other times they can be unhelpful and even misleading? Drawing on a comprehensive survey of modern research in philosophy, logic, artificial intelligence, cognitive psychology, and graphic design, Semantic Properties of Diagrams and Their Cognitive Potentials reveals the systematic reasons for this dichotomy, showing that the cognitive functions of diagrams are rooted in the characteristic ways they carry information. In analyzing the logical mechanisms behind the relative efficacy of diagrammatic representation, Atsushi Shimojima provides deep insight into the crucial question: What makes a diagram a diagram?

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis lucid and wide-ranging volume constitutes a self-contained introduction to the elements and key issues of the philosophy of language.Trade Review"The best blend of technical competence, philosophical sophistication and topical coverage currently available in an introduction to the philosophy of language." Robert M. Harnish, University of Arizona "This is a first-rate introduction to the topics and philosophers it covers, from Frege through theories of truth to intentional semantics, the metaphysics of modality, translation, language in action, speech acts, and more. The book is well-written, clear, accessible, and thorough. Many students will be stimulated to explore the issues further, and will have a solid base from which to do so." John F. Post, Vanderbilt UniversityTable of Contents1. Fregean Beginnings. 2. Definite Descriptions and Other Objects of Wonder. 3. Truth and Meaning: the Tarskian Paradigm. 4. Foundations of Intentional Semantics. 5. Language and Context. 6. Language in Action.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis lucid and wide-ranging volume constitutes a self-contained introduction to the elements and key issues of the philosophy of language.Trade Review"The best blend of technical competence, philosophical sophistication and topical coverage currently available in an introduction to the philosophy of language." Robert M. Harnish, University of Arizona "This is a first-rate introduction to the topics and philosophers it covers, from Frege through theories of truth to intentional semantics, the metaphysics of modality, translation, language in action, speech acts, and more. The book is well-written, clear, accessible, and thorough. Many students will be stimulated to explore the issues further, and will have a solid base from which to do so." John F. Post, Vanderbilt UniversityTable of Contents1. Fregean Beginnings. 2. Definite Descriptions and Other Objects of Wonder. 3. Truth and Meaning: the Tarskian Paradigm. 4. Foundations of Intentional Semantics. 5. Language and Context. 6. Language in Action.

Read more less

Book SynopsisFranklin Roosevelt instinctively understood that a politician of his era who was unable to control his own body would be perceived as unable to control the body politic. He therefore took great care to hide his polio-induced lameness both visually and verbally. In FDR's Body Politics. Davis W. Houck and Amos Kiewe draw on never-before-used primary sources to analyze the silences surrounding Roosevelt's disability, the words he chose to portray himself and his policies as powerful and health-giving, and the methods he used to maximize the appearance of physical strength. They examine his broad strategies, as well as the speeches Roosevelt delivered during his political comeback after polio struck, to understand how he overcame the whispering campaign against him in 1928 and 1932. Ultimately, this is a story of triumph and courage that reveals a master politician's understanding of the body politic in the most fundamental of ways.

Read more less

Book SynopsisIn the nineteenth century the United States was ablaze with activism and reform: people of all races, creeds, classes, and genders engaged with diverse intellectual, social, and civic issues. This cutting-edge, revelatory book focuses on rhetoric that is overtly political and oriented to social reform. It not only contributes to our historical understanding of the period by covering a wide array of contexts-from letters, preaching, and speeches to labor organizing, protests, journalism, and theater by white and black women, indigenous people, and Chinese immigrants-but also relates conflicts over imperialism, colonialism, women's rights, temperance, and slavery to today's struggles over racial justice, sexual freedom, access to multimodal knowledge, and the unjust effects of sociopolitical hierarchies. The editors' introduction traces recent scholarship on activist rhetorics and the turn in rhetorical theory toward the work of marginalized voices calling for radical social change.Trade ReviewThis book documents what we know about rhetorical activism in the American nineteenth century better than any previous edited collection or research monograph." - Peter Mortensen, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign"Given the broad debates about the role of activism in academe and among public intellectuals, this collection is a timely contribution." - John K. Young, Marshall University

Read more less

Book SynopsisRediscovered texts for teaching composition and rhetoric.A project of recovery and reanimation, Lost Texts in Rhetoric and Composition foregrounds a broad range of publications that deserve renewed attention. Contributors to this volume reclaim these lost texts to reenvision the rhetorical tradition itself. Authors discussed include not only twentieth-century American compositionists but also a linguist, a poet, a philosopher, a painter, a Renaissance rhetorician, and a nineteenth-century pioneer of comics; the collection also features some less studied works by authors who remain well known. These texts will give rise to new conversations about current ideas in composition and rhetoric.This volume contains discussion of the following authors and titles: Judah Messer Leon, The Book of the Honeycomb's Flow, Angel DeCora, Sterling Andrus Leonard, English Composition as a Social Problem, Rodolphe Töpffer, William James, Kenneth Burke, Adrienne Rich, Ann E. Berthoff, John Mohawk, "Western Peoples, Natural Peoples," William Vande Kopple, William Irmscher, Beat Not the Poor Desk, Walter J. Ong, Geneva Smitherman, Thomas Zebroski, Linda Brodkey, Craig S. Womack, Deborah Cameron, James Slevin, Marilyn Sternglass, and William E. Coles, Jr.

Read more less

Book SynopsisMao Zedong fundamentally transformed China from a Confucian society characterized by hierarchy and harmony into a socialist state guided by communist ideologies of class struggle and radicalization. It was a transformation made possible largely by Mao’s rhetorical ability to attract, persuade, and mobilize millions of Chinese people. Xing Lu’s book, Rhetoric of Mao Zedong, analyzes Mao’s speeches and writings over a span of sixty years, tracing the sources and evolution of Mao’s discourse, analyzing his skills as a rhetor and mythmaker, and assessing his symbolic power and continuing presence in contemporary China. Lu observes that Mao’s rhetorical legacy has been commoditized, culturally consumed, and politically appropriated since his death.Applying both Western rhetorical theories and Chinese rhetorical concepts to reach a more nuanced and sophisticated understanding of his rhetorical legacy, Lu shows how Mao employed a host of rhetorical appeals and strategies drawn from Chinese tradition and how he interpreted the discourse of Marxism-Leninism to serve foundational themes of his message. She traces the historical contexts in which these themes, his philosophical orientations, and his political views were formed and how they transformed China and Chinese people. Lu also examines how certain ideas are promoted, modified, and appropriated in Mao’s rhetoric. Mao’s appropriation of Marxist theory of class struggle, his campaigns of transforming common people into new communist advocates, his promotion of Chinese nationalism, and his stand on China’s foreign policy all contributed to and were responsible for reshaping Chinese thought patterns, culture, and communication behaviors.

Read more less

Book SynopsisAn examination of how images can serve as communication tools to popularize science in the public eyeAs funding for basic scientific research becomes increasingly difficult to secure, public support becomes essential. Because of its promise for captivating nonexpert publics, the practice of merging art and imagery with science has been gaining traction in the scientific community. While images have been used with greater frequency in recent years, their value is often viewed as largely superficial. To the contrary, Maria E. Gigante posits in Introducing Science through Images, the value of imagery goes far beyond mere aesthetics—visual elements are powerful communication vehicles.The images examined in this volume, drawn from a wide range of historical periods, serve an introductory function—that is, they appear in a position of primacy relative to text and, like the introduction to a speech, have the potential to make audiences attentive and receptive to the forthcoming content. Gigante calls them “portal” images and explicates their utility in science communication, both to popularize and mystify science in the public eye.Gigante analyzes how science has been represented by various types of portal images: frontispieces, portraits of scientists, popular-science magazine covers, and award-winning scientific images from Internet visualization competitions. Using theories of rhetoric and visual communication, she addresses the weak connection between scientific communities and the public and explores how visual elements can best be employed to garner public support for research.

Read more less

Book SynopsisWhat explains the "triumph of capitalism"? Why do people so often respond positively to discussions favoring it while shutting down arguments against it? Overwhelmingly theories regarding capitalism's resilience have focused on individual choice bolstered by careful rhetorical argumentation. In this penetrating study, however, Catherine Chaput shows that something more than choice is at work in capitalism's ability to thrive in public practice and imagination--more even than material resources (power) and cultural imperialism (ideology). That "something," she contends, is market affect. Affect, says Chaput, signifies a semi-autonomous entity circulating through individuals and groups. Physiological in nature but moving across cultural, material, and environmental boundaries, affect has three functions: it opens or closes individual receptivity; it pulls or pushes individual identification; and it raises or lowers individual energies. This novel approach begins by connecting affect to rhetorical theory and offers a method for tracking its three modalities in relation to economic markets. Each of the following chapters compares a major theorist of capitalism with one of his important critics, beginning with the juxtaposition of Adam Smith and Karl Marx, who Set the agenda not only for arguments endorsing and critiquing capitalism but also for the affective energies associated with these positions. Subsequent chapters restage this initial debate through pairs of economic theorists--John Maynard Keynes and Thorstein Veblen, Friedrich Hayek and Theodor Adorno, and Milton Friedman and John Kenneth Galbraith--who represent key historical moments. In each case, Chaput demonstrates, capitalism's critics have fallen short in their rhetorical effectiveness. Chaput concludes by exploring possibilities for escaping the straitjacket imposed by these debates. In particular she points to the biopolitical lectures of Michel Foucault as offering a framework for more persuasive anticapitalist critiques by reconstituting people's conscious understandings as well as their natural instincts.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe period between the 1960s and 1970s is easily one of the most controversial in American history. Examining the liberal movements of the era as well as those that opposed them, this volume offers analyses of the rhetoric of leaders, including those of the civil rights movement, the Chicano movement, the gay rights movement, second-wave feminism, and conservative resistance groups. It also features an introduction that summarizes much of the significant research done by communication scholars on dissent in the 1960s and 1970s.This time period is still a fertile area of study, and this book provides insights into the era that are both provocative and illuminating, making it an essential read for anyone looking to learn more about this time in America.

Read more less

Book SynopsisEnding a war, as Fred Charles IklÉewrote, poses a much greater challenge than beginning one. In addition to issues related to battle tactics, prisoners of war, diplomatic relations, and cease-fire negotiations, ending war involves domestic political calculations. Balancing the tides of public opinion versus policy needs poses a deep and enduring problem for presidents. In a first-of-its-kind study, Resowing the Seeds of War explains how Presidents Truman, Eisenhower, Nixon, and Obama managed the political, policy, and bureaucratic challenges that arise at the end of war via a series of rhetorical choices that reframe, modify, or unravel depictions of national enemies, the cause of the conflict, and the stakes for the nation and world. This end-of-war rhetoric justifies ending hostilities, rationalizes postwar national policy, argues for the construction of postwar security arrangements, and often sustains public support for massive financial investment in reconstruction. By tracking presidential manipulations of savage imagery from World War II to the War on Terror, this book concludes that even as metaphoric reframing facilitates exit from conflict, it incurs unexpected consequences that make national involvement in the next conflict more likely.

Read more less

Book SynopsisFew periods of American history have been studied more extensively or debated more intensely than the last four decades of the eighteenth century, during which the thirteen colonies declared their independence from Great Britain, won their independence on the battlefield, created the United States Constitution, and implemented a new national government. Scholars have approached these developments from a variety of perspectives—economic, social, political, religious, legal, and diplomatic, to name a few. This volume adopts a rhetorical perspective, which foregrounds the art of effective expression as a means of influencing political perceptions, values, and behaviors. It presents eleven essays by an interdisciplinary group of scholars who bring to bear a variety of methods, backgrounds, perspectives, and specializations. The essays illuminate key rhetors, works, controversies, and moments that helped shape American discourse and politics during the years 1760–1800.

Read more less

Book SynopsisCovid and . . . How To Do Rhetoric in a Pandemic is among the first edited collections to consider how rhetoric shapes Covid’s disease trajectory. Arguing that the circulation of any virus must be understood in tandem with the public communication accompanying it, this collection converses with interdisciplinary stakeholders also committed to the project of social wellness during pandemic times. With inventive ways of thinking about structural inequities in health, these essays showcase the forces that pandemic rhetoric exerts across health conditions, politics, and histories of social injustice.

Read more less

Book SynopsisWhat if rhetoric and climate are intimately connected? Taking climates to be rhetorical and rhetoric to be climatic, A Reading Group offers a generative framework for making sense of rhetorical studies as they grapple with the challenges posed by antiracist, decolonial, affective, ecological, and more-than-human scholarship to a tradition with a long history of being centered around individual, usually privileged, human agents wielding language as their principal instrument. Understanding the atmospheric and ambient energies of rhetoric underscores the challenges and promises of trying to heal a harmed world from within it. A cowritten “multigraph,” which began in 2018 as a reading group, this book enacts an intimate, mutualistic spirit of shared critical inquiry and play—an exciting new way of doing, thinking, and feeling rhetorical studies by six prominent scholars in rhetoric from communication and English departments alike.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThese days, earthly coexistence often feels bad. As environmental crises amass, they cast a shadow over an imagined future and the promises of betteror at least predictabledays to come. In times of climate chaos, mass extinction, and rampant environmental injustice, it is easy to despair. But, here and there, a glimmer of joy or optimism shines forth and reminds us that it is possibleeven necessaryto love and to hope amid the ruins. The contributors to this volume grapple with a plurality of interrelated ecological feelings: care, concern, contempt, empathy, fear, grief, hope, joy, numbness, optimism, possessiveness, regret, and saudades. Informed by a rhetorical perspective, the essays collected here reveal what sets our ecological feelings into motion. Crucially, they also uncover some of the rhetorical practices through which we might collectively feel our way into a more harmonious earthly coexistence.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis eye-opening and well-researched companion to the first volume of Executing Democracy enters the death-penalty discussion during the debates of 1835 and 1843.

Read more less

Book SynopsisHistoric levels of polarization, a disaffected and frustrated electorate, and widespread distrust of government, the news media, and traditional political leadership set the stage in 2016 for an unexpected, unlikely, and unprecedented presidential contest. Donald Trump's campaign speeches and other rhetoric seemed on the surface to be simplistic, repetitive, and disorganized to many. As Demagogue for President shows, Trump's campaign strategy was anything but simple.Political communication expert Jennifer Mercieca shows how the Trump campaign expertly used the common rhetorical techniques of a demagogue, a word with two contradictory definitions - 'a leader who makes use of popular prejudices and false claims and promises in order to gain power' or 'a leader championing the cause of the common people in ancient times' (Merriam-Webster, 2019). These strategies, in conjunction with post-rhetorical public relations techniques, were meant to appeal to a segment of an already distrustful electorate. It was an effective tactic.Mercieca analyzes rhetorical strategies such as argument ad hominem, argument ad baculum, argument ad populum, reification, paralipsis, and more to reveal a campaign that was morally repugnant to some but to others a brilliant appeal to American exceptionalism. By all accounts, it fundamentally changed the discourse of the American public sphere.Trade Review“The question of how Donald Trump ever got elected president has stumped some of the nation’s deeper thinkers. Jennifer Mercieca has a compelling answer in Demagogue for President: The Rhetorical Genius of Donald Trump. […] This book shows us by dissecting his demagogic language with a particularly precise scalpel. In doing so, it deserves a place alongside George Orwell’s Politics and the English Language and Harry G. Frankfurt’s On Bulls---. It’s a brilliant dissertation on Trump’s patented brand of balderdash. That makes it one of the most important political books of this perilous summer. […]She explains Trump’s demagoguery — no easy matter — by analyzing it through the classic principles of rhetoric. This could be tedious in the wrong hands, but she makes it exhilarating, methodically revealing the insidious crowd-controlling methods of an autocrat. […] This book can serve as a vaccine against a virus that threatens the survival of our democracy. Lord knows we need it.” - The Washington Post

Read more less

Book SynopsisWhat did Occupy Wall Street accomplish? While it began as a startling disruption in politics as usual, in The Democratic Ethos Freya Thimsen argues that the movement's long-term importance rests in how its commitment to radical democratic self-organization has been adopted within more conventional forms of politics. Occupy changed what counts as credible democratic coordination and how democracy is performed, as demonstrated in opposition to corporate political influence, rural antifracking activism, and political campaigns.By comparing instances of progressive politics that demonstrate the democratic ethos developed and promoted by Occupy and those that do not, Thimsen illustrates how radical and conventional rhetorical strategies can be brought together to seek democratic change. Combining insights from rhetorical studies, performance studies, political theory, and sociology, The Democratic Ethos offers a set of conceptual tools for analyzing anticorporate democracy-movement politics in the twenty-first century.

Read more less

Book SynopsisA groundbreaking rhetorical framework for the study of transnational digital activismWhat does it mean when we call a movement "global"? How can we engage with digital activism without being "slacktivists"? In Activist Literacies, Jennifer Nish responds to these questions and a larger problem in contemporary public discourse: many discussions and analyses of digital and transnational activism rely on inaccurate language and inadequate frameworks. Drawing on transnational feminist theory and rhetorical analysis, Nish formulates a robust set of tools for nuanced engagement with activist rhetorics.Nish applies her literacies of positionality, orientation, and circulation to case studies that highlight grassroots activism, well-resourced nonprofits, and a decentralized social media challenge; in so doing, she illustrates the complex power dynamics at work in each scenario and demonstrates how activist literacies can be used to understand and engage with efforts to contribute to social change. Written in an accessible, engaging style, Activist Literacies invites scholars, students, and activists to read activist rhetoric that engages with "global" concerns and circulates transnationally via social media.

Read more less

Book SynopsisA groundbreaking rhetorical framework for the study of transnational digital activismWhat does it mean when we call a movement "global"? How can we engage with digital activism without being "slacktivists"? In Activist Literacies, Jennifer Nish responds to these questions and a larger problem in contemporary public discourse: many discussions and analyses of digital and transnational activism rely on inaccurate language and inadequate frameworks. Drawing on transnational feminist theory and rhetorical analysis, Nish formulates a robust set of tools for nuanced engagement with activist rhetorics.Nish applies her literacies of positionality, orientation, and circulation to case studies that highlight grassroots activism, well-resourced nonprofits, and a decentralized social media challenge; in so doing, she illustrates the complex power dynamics at work in each scenario and demonstrates how activist literacies can be used to understand and engage with efforts to contribute to social change. Written in an accessible, engaging style, Activist Literacies invites scholars, students, and activists to read activist rhetoric that engages with "global" concerns and circulates transnationally via social media.

Read more less

Book SynopsisDrawing on original archival research in the rhetoric of civil rights, the author explores this largely underexamined rhetorical studies site In Liturgy of Change: Rhetorics of the Civil Rights Mass Meeting, Elizabeth Miller examines civil rights mass meetings as a transformative rhetorical, and religious, experience. While rhetorical scholars have analyzed other components of the civil rights movement, including sit-ins, marches, and voter registration campaigns, as well as meeting speeches delivered by well-known figures, the mass meeting itself still is a significant but underexamined site in rhetorical studies. Miller's "liturgy of change" framework brings attention to the pattern of religious genres—song, prayer, and testimony—that structured the events, and the ways these genres created rhetorical opportunities for ordinary people to speak up and develop their activism. To recover and reconstruct these patterns, Miller analyzes archival audio recordings of mass meetings held in Greenville and Hattisburg, Mississippi; Montgomery, Selma, and Birmingham, Alabama; Savannah, Sumter, and Albany, Georgia; St. Augustine, Florida; and Danville, Virginia.

Read more less

Book SynopsisDrawing on original archival research in the rhetoric of civil rights, the author explores this largely underexamined rhetorical studies site In Liturgy of Change: Rhetorics of the Civil Rights Mass Meeting, Elizabeth Miller examines civil rights mass meetings as a transformative rhetorical, and religious, experience. While rhetorical scholars have analyzed other components of the civil rights movement, including sit-ins, marches, and voter registration campaigns, as well as meeting speeches delivered by well-known figures, the mass meeting itself still is a significant but underexamined site in rhetorical studies. Miller's "liturgy of change" framework brings attention to the pattern of religious genres—song, prayer, and testimony—that structured the events, and the ways these genres created rhetorical opportunities for ordinary people to speak up and develop their activism. To recover and reconstruct these patterns, Miller analyzes archival audio recordings of mass meetings held in Greenville and Hattisburg, Mississippi; Montgomery, Selma, and Birmingham, Alabama; Savannah, Sumter, and Albany, Georgia; St. Augustine, Florida; and Danville, Virginia.

Read more less

Book SynopsisAn accessible and important look at what is truly behind our digital outrageOn any given day, at any given hour, across the various platforms constituting what we call social media, someone is angry. Facebook. Instagram. Twitter. Reddit. 4Chan. In The Rhetoric of Outrage: Why Social Media is Making Us Angry Professor Jeff Rice addresses the increasingly critical question of why anger has become the dominant digital response on social media. He examines the theoretical and rhetorical explanations for the intense rage that prevails across social media platforms, and sheds new light on how our anger isn't merely a reaction against singular events, but generated out of subversive, aggregated beliefs and ideas. Captivating, accessible, and exceedingly important, The Rhetoric of Outrage: Why Social Media Is Making Us Angry encourages readers to have the difficult conversations about what is truly behind their anger.

Read more less

Book SynopsisAn accessible and important look at what is truly behind our digital outrageOn any given day, at any given hour, across the various platforms constituting what we call social media, someone is angry. Facebook. Instagram. Twitter. Reddit. 4Chan. In The Rhetoric of Outrage: Why Social Media is Making Us Angry Professor Jeff Rice addresses the increasingly critical question of why anger has become the dominant digital response on social media. He examines the theoretical and rhetorical explanations for the intense rage that prevails across social media platforms, and sheds new light on how our anger isn't merely a reaction against singular events, but generated out of subversive, aggregated beliefs and ideas. Captivating, accessible, and exceedingly important, The Rhetoric of Outrage: Why Social Media Is Making Us Angry encourages readers to have the difficult conversations about what is truly behind their anger.

Read more less

Book SynopsisA new framework for understanding how algorithms influenceWeb applications offer us conclusions about science. Twitter bots generate art. Machine-learning systems satirize politicians. We live in an era where a substantial share of our private and public communication is machinic. Modern computing machines cannot yet speak for themselves—although the capacities of AI are rapidly expanding—but they generate rhetorical energies as they give advice, entertain, and proffer insight, speaking to human concerns in more-than-human ways and guiding human action. In Influential Machines Miles C. Coleman looks beyond human communication to interrogate the ways in which the machines and algorithms in our lives make meaning and the implications of their special modes of communication. Using the varied examples of an anti-vax "vaccine calculator," two Twitterbots, and the computational performances of virtual assistants, Coleman asks what machines mean to us as social agents and whether humans are the appropriate reference for designing machine communication. Coleman goes beyond the front and back ends of computing to describe the "deep end" of computing, a site of ambient rhetoric that is essential for understanding how machines move in today's digital world.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis volume is devoted to the syntax and semantics of various languages, studied with models based on constraints. Both French and international linguists present their work in tribute to Danièle Godard, emeritus research director at the Centre national de la recherche scientifique in France, a member of the Laboratoire de Linguistique Formelle at Université Paris Diderot, and a specialist in the syntax and semantics of French and Romance languages.

Read more less

Book SynopsisIn the past before improving technologies allowed for the direct observation of brain activity, brain damaged patients were a prime avenue for understanding language structure and inferring back to brain function. Now with the rapid developments in neuroscience, what has been discovered about the brain can inform our view of language allowing us to build hypotheses about the role particular brain regions perform in language use. Brain damaged patients thus become populations which serve as test cases. While technologies in neuroscience have improved, so has our understanding and techniques for observing and analyzing social and communicative behavior. FTD patients have right hemisphere, frontal and temporal pole atrophy which leaves their cognitive abilities intact, but their social interactions impaired and their personalities changed. The description of FTD as a pathological change in social behavior provides the motivation in this volume to apply ethnomethodological and conversation analytic approaches to the organization of patients' interactions. These approaches do more than document the disease and its effects on loved ones by revealing phenomena that can be analyzed empirically as causing systematic changes in the patients' social interactions. This volume opens with a discussion of the frontal lobes and their expected involvement in language use and social interaction. Several chapters then use conversation analysis to examine a range of FTD social behaviors in real-world interactions both in and outside of the clinic. The remaining chapters show how the ethnomethodological approach applied throughout the book can be helpful in better understanding the neurobiology of discourse, the process of socialization, and the role of social motives and moral emotions in maintaining relationships.Trade Review'Language, Interaction and Frontotemporal Dementia represents a wonderful example of neuroanthropological research, mixing together insights from neurology, linguistics and anthropology to examine a specific problem, and doing ethnographic research that is informed by ideas about how neural functions shape language use, social interactions and this particular type of dementia. I also deeply appreciate the mix of theoretical and applied work.' Daniel Lende, Department of Anthropology, University of Notre Dame, Public Library of Science Blogs, October 14, 2010Table of ContentsChapter 1: Introduction Chapter 2: Social Regulation in Frontotemporal Dementia: A Case Study Salvatore Torrisi, UCLA Chapter 3: Exploring the Moral Basis of Social Action in Frontotemporal Dementia Michael Sean Smith Chapter 4: Examining Perservative Behaviors of a Frontotemporal Dementia Patient and Caregiver Responses: The Benefits of Observing Ordinary Interactions and Reflections on Caregiver Stress Lisa Mikesell Chapter 5: The Interactive Organization of 'Insight': Clinical Interviews with Frontotemporal Dementia Patients Netta Avineri, UCLA Chapter 6: Using Social Deficits in Frontotemporal Dementia to Develop a Neurobiology of Person Reference Andrea W. Mates Chapter 7: The Prefrontal Cortex: Through Maturation, Socialization and Regression Anna Dina L. Joaquin, UCLA Chapter 8: Dispassionate Heuristic Rationality Fails to Sustain Social Relationships Alan Page Fiske, UCLA Chapter 9: Brain, Language, Society: Where Frontotemporal Dementia has Led us John H. Schumann, UCLA

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe second edition of this highly regarded textbook is designed to introduce students at the tertiary level to both Systemic Functional Linguistics and Critical Discourse Analysis. It develops critical analytical skills by rooting analysis in SFL methodology so that students can learn to analyze a range of discourse types. Each chapter builds a methodological foundation for the development of critical discourse analytical skills. SFL provides novice analysts with a rich set of resources for CDA and equips them to better reflect on what language is doing and why. The Power of Language offers explanations along with a range of sample analyses to illustrate theory and provide applications of the methodologies introduced in each chapter. Students not only learn by studying a number of analyses but carry out their own analytical work on other samples, thus gaining experience. Each chapter also includes examples of analyses by well know researchers so that novice analysts become familiar with various approaches to analysis.This new edition has been thoroughly updated throughout and features an expanded first chapter on language and international conflict, a new second chapter focusing on language and political fear, an expanded chapter on multimodal communication and an entirely new chapter on language and social media. Other chapters have been updated with new sample analyses and activities.Table of ContentsPrefaceIntroduction1. Language and International Conflict2. Language and Political Fear3. Language and Racism4. Language and Advertising5. Language and Organizations6. Language in Modern Trends7. Power in Spoken Language8. Multimodal Communication9. Language and Social Media

Read more less

Book SynopsisContemporary children's picture books provide a rich domain for developing theory and analysis of visual meaning and its relation to accompanying verbal text. This book offers new descriptions of the visual strand of meaning in picture book narratives as a way of furthering the project of 'multimodal' discourse analysis and of explaining the literacy demands and apprenticing techniques of children's earliest literature. Reading Visual Narratives uses the principles of systemic-functional theory to organise an explicit account of visual meaning in relation to three perspectives: the visual construction of the narrative events and characters (ideational meaning), the visual positioning of the reader through choices related to focalisation and appraisal (interpersonal meaning) and the discourse organization of visual meanings through choices in framing and composition (textual meaning). The descriptions throughout are illustrated with examples from highly regarded children's picture books. Reading Visual Narratives extends previous social-semiotic accounts of the 'grammar' of the image, by focussing attention on discourse level meanings and on semantic relationships created by sequences of images. At the same time, it extends current understandings of how picture books work through its explicit and systematic account of the visual meanings and their integration with verbal aspects of the texts. It will be of interest to researchers in multimodal discourse analysis, systemic-functional theory, and children's literature and literacy.Trade ReviewHighly recommended. Upper-division undergraduates through faculty, professionals, and practitioners. Choice, Vol 50.11 Overall, Reading Visual Narrativesis an important contribution to the field of social semiotics, in general, and to the study of visual-verbal narratives in children's picture books, in particular. Painter et al. have produced a work that is (almost) as fascinating as the material upon which it is based. LinguistList, June 2013Table of ContentsContents 1: Reading the Visual in Children's Picture Books 2: Enacting Social Relations 3: Construing Representations 4: Composing Visual Space 5: Intermodality - Image and Verbiage

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book studies how Hungarian verbs can occur with implicit subject and direct object arguments in a complex approach. On the basis of the critical evaluations of the previous literature on implicit arguments, analyses of a wide spectrum of data from various direct sources, and theoretical explanations, all of which were supported by systematic metatheoretical considerations, it concludes that in Hungarian, verbs do not vary as to whether they can be used with implicit arguments or not, but they vary as to the manner in which they can occur with such arguments. In other words, they vary in terms of the lexical and grammatical constraints which are placed on them, and in what contexts they can be used with lexically unrealised arguments. Although the cognitive principle of relevance guides the licensing and interpretation processes of implicit arguments, the variety of their occurrences does not rest solely on the presumption of relevance but on the different lexical, grammatical, and pragmatic properties of Hungarian and its use, as well as on their various interactions. So, it is only by operating together that a grammar and an adequate pragmatic theory can account for the occurrences and identification mechanisms of implicit arguments.Table of ContentsAbbreviations 1. Introduction 2. Explanations of the Occurrence of Verbs with Implicit Arguments 3. Occurrences of Implicit Arguments in Hungarian 4. First (A) Manner: The Role of the Lexical-Semantic Representation of Verbs 5. Second (B) and Third (C) Manners: Grammatical Constraints and the Role of the Immediate Utterance Context and the Extended Context 6. Summary and Conclusions

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe 5-Minute Linguist provides a lively, reader-friendly introduction to the subject of language suitable for the general reader and beginning students. The book offers brief essays on more than 60 intriguing questions such as "What's the difference between a language and a dialect?" Can animals understand us?" "What causes foreign accents?" and "How is language used on social media?" These are conveniently organized into 12 topical areas that include What is Linguistics, Language and Thought, Language and Society, and Language and Technology, among others. Each essay is written by a leading authority in the specialization who offers succinct, insightful answers to questions that most of us have wondered about, with follow-up references to more in-depth reading on each question. The third edition adds new topics now at the forefront of linguistics and updates others, serving as an unrivaled introduction to the mysteries and intrigue of language. The third edition of this book was produced under the sponsorship of the Linguistic Society of America.

Read more less

Book SynopsisOur knowledge and understanding of organizations is both enabled and constrained by an invisible relationship of power that is embedded in the ways in which we act and speak. This book offers a succinct but comprehensive introduction to the vast field of organizational discourse analysis, the approach that studies organization as a linguistic phenomenon, and offers an original approach to investigate the relationship between materiality and discourse. Three original images of discourse are employed: discourse as a map, discourse as organizing and discourse as a mask. These metaphors are used as cognitive tools to highlight different implications and perspectives on discourse. The book critically compares and contrasts various linguistic-focused approaches to the study of organizations, and proposes the use of linguistic phenomena in connection with other methodologies. One section even offers an exemplification of the proposed approach to discourse analysis, presenting a map of discursive terrain, which plays a central role in the reproduction of local organizational and management discourses. This rich and approachable introduction is targeted at graduate and doctoral students, as well as non-specialist academics who want to familiarize themselves with the organizational discourse debate.Trade Review'Finally there is a book that explores the depths and contours of organizational discourse in a way that is simultaneously sophisticated and accessible. Marco Berti's achievement is to have canvassed a multitude of theoretical and methodological ways that discourse is deployed in the study of organizations, and to have distilled that into a comprehensive framework of metaphors. The result is a novel and valuable approach to organizational discourse analysis that synthesizes the field without sacrificing any of its complexity.' --Carl Rhodes, University of Technology Sydney, Australia'Research on organizational discourse has indeed become one of the most fruitful and interesting areas in the field of organization and management studies, and has not only improved our understanding of how communication works, but also helps to ''see'' how discourses shape reality. The book introduces three ''images'' of discourse with the purpose of both illustrating and enabling the emergence of new knowledge and meaning: organizational discourse as a map, as organizing and as a mask. Moreover it provides a concrete exemplification of an application of organizational discourse analysis: the global institution of business education. The heuristic potential of the approach is employed to critically describe a complex inter-organizational field of practices relevant to how we ''do'' society through discourses.' --Silvia Gherardi, University of Trento, ItalyTable of ContentsContents: Introduction: The Aim and Structure of the Book 1. Language and Organization 2. The Discourse of Organizational Discourse 3. The Power of Metaphors 4. Discourse as a Map 5. Discourse as Organizing 6. Discourse as Mask: Silence, Emptiness and Ambiguity in Discourse 7. Organizational Discourse Analysis in Practice: The Case of Business Education Discourse 8. References Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book studies formal semantics in modern type theories (MTTsemantics). Compared with simple type theory, MTTs have much richer type structures and provide powerful means for adequate semantic constructions. This offers a serious alternative to the traditional settheoretical foundation for linguistic semantics and opens up a new avenue for developing formal semantics that is both model-theoretic and proof-theoretic, which was not available before the development of MTTsemantics. This book provides a reader-friendly and precise description of MTTs and offers a comprehensive introduction to MTT-semantics. It develops several case studies, such as adjectival modification and copredication, to exemplify the attractiveness of using MTTs for the study of linguistic meaning. It also examines existing proof assistant technology based on MTT-semantics for the verification of semantic constructions and reasoning in natural language. Several advanced topics are also briefly studied, including dependent event types, an application of dependent typing to event semantics.Table of ContentsPreface ix Chapter 1. Type Theories and Semantic Studies 1 1.1. Historical development of type theories 2 1.2. Foundational semantic languages 4 1.3. Montague’s model-theoretic semantics 6 1.3.1. Simple type theory: a formal description 6 1.3.2. Montague semantics: examples and intensionality 9 1.4. MTT-semantics: formal semantics in modern type theories 10 1.4.1. A glance at MTT-semantics 10 1.4.2. MTTs as foundational semantic languages: historical notes 13 1.4.3. Merits of MTT-semantics 17 Chapter 2. Modern Type Theories 23 2.1. Judgments and contextual mechanisms 24 2.2. Type constructors 28 2.2.1. Π-Types of dependent functions 28 2.2.2. Σ-types of dependent pairs 30 2.2.3. Disjoint union types, unit types and finite types 32 2.3. Universes 33 2.3.1. Prop and logical propositions 33 2.3.2. Universes in linguistic semantics 35 2.3.3. Tarski-style and Russell-style universes 37 2.4. Subtyping 38 2.5. Formal presentation of type theories with signatures 43 Chapter 3. Formal Semantics in Modern Type Theories 47 3.1. Basic linguistic categories 48 3.2. Several unique features of MTT-semantics 51 3.2.1. Common nouns as types 51 3.2.2. Subtyping in MTT-semantics 54 3.2.3. Judgmental interpretations and their propositional forms 60 3.3. Adjectival modification: a case study 65 3.3.1. Intersective adjectives 67 3.3.2. Subsective adjectives 69 3.3.3. Privative adjectives 71 3.3.4. Non-committal adjectives 72 Chapter 4. Advanced Modification 75 4.1. The data 75 4.2. Gradable adjectives 80 4.3. Gradable nouns 84 4.3.1. Gradable nouns as Σ-types 85 4.4. Multidimensional adjectives 86 4.4.1. Multidimensional adjectives: going more fine-grained 87 4.5. Adverbial modification 90 4.5.1. Veridicality 91 4.5.2. Event adverbs: manner, agent-oriented and speech-act adverbs 91 4.5.3. Domain, evaluative adverbs 95 4.5.4. Intensional adverbs 96 4.6. Final remarks on modification: vagueness 98 Chapter 5. Copredication and Individuation 99 5.1. Copredication and individuation: an introduction 100 5.2. Dot-types for copredication: a brief introduction 104 5.3. Identity criteria: individuation and CNs as setoids 108 5.3.1. Inheritance of identity criteria: usual cases of individuation 110 5.3.2. Generic semantics of numerical quantifiers 112 5.3.3. Copredication with quantification 113 5.3.4. Verbs plus adjectives: more on copredication with quantification 117 5.4. Concluding remarks and related work 119 Chapter 6. Reasoning and Verifying NL Semantics in Coq 127 6.1. Proof assistant technology based on MTTs 128 6.1.1. Mathematical proofs 128 6.1.2. Software verification 128 6.2. A linguist friendly introduction to Coq 129 6.2.1. Basics of Coq: types, sorts, functions 130 6.2.2. The proof engine of Coq 132 6.2.3. Useful proof tactics in Coq 135 6.2.4. Inductive types and record types 139 6.3. MTT-semantics in Coq 142 6.3.1. Adjectival and adverbial modification 143 6.3.2. Copredication and individuation in Coq 146 6.3.3. Related work 149 Chapter 7. Advanced Topics 151 7.1. Propositional forms of judgmental interpretations: formal treatment 151 7.2. Dependent event types 157 7.3. Dependent categorial grammars 163 Appendices 173 Appendix 1. Simple Type Theory C 175 Appendix 2. Type Constructors 177 Appendix 3. Prop and Logical Operators in Impredicative MTTs 181 Appendix 4. And for Coordination 183 Appendix 5. Formal System LFΔ 187 Appendix 6. Rules for Dot-Types 191 Appendix 7. Coq Codes 193 References 209 Index 225

Read more less

Book SynopsisCritical Policy Discourse Analysis bridges the literature on critical discourse analysis (CDA) and critical policy analysis to provide a practical guide on how to combine these major approaches to critical social science. The volume gives a clear introduction to concepts and analytical procedures for critical policy discourse analysis. Utilising ten international case studies, the authors explain and critically reflect upon the methods and theories that they have used to successfully integrate CDA with critical policy studies across a diverse range of policy issues.Case studies are used to explore issues in economics, health, education, crisis management, the environment, language and energy policy. Analysing these through discursive methodological approaches in the traditions of CDA, social semiotics and discourse theory, this book connects this discursive methodology systematically to the field of critical policy studies. This is an essential read for researchers wishing to practically combine methods of CDA with critical policy studies. It provides key insights for politics scholars looking to gain a more in-depth understanding of the impact and analysis of discourse.Contributors include: T. Bartlett, D. Caterina, M. Farrelly, S. Horrod, N. Montesano Montessori, J. Mulderrig, J.F. Palma Carvajal, M. Poutanen, M. Rieder, K. Savski, H. Theine 'An exciting, important and, above all, extremely useful collection of essays, offering excellent and practical guidance on how to conduct critical policy discourse analysis. Timely and highly recommended.' - Colin Hay, Sciences Po, France'Uncovering dominance and addressing learned helplessness is part of any effort to enact change, especially when faced with wicked problems. However, change agents are not always equipped to deal with that adequately. This volume presents methodology and examples of how to do so by connecting theory and practice, insiders and outsiders, and micro events and macro processes. It points to powerful ideas and subtle craft and will inspire not only scholars but also practitioners seeking to better understand and address the complexities involved.' - Hans Vermaak, Sioo, Twynstra and NSOB, the Netherlands'This fascinating and varied collection admirably achieves its aim of demonstrating the value of integrating critical discourse analysis with critical policy studies. In so doing, the Critical Policy Discourse Analysis enriches our understanding of policy discourse and sharpens our methodological means of doing so. Operating through a fascinating set of case studies that range from a study of Nokia through to Slovenian language policy, and looking at the production of ideas like ''competition'' and ''fiscal discipline'', the volume emphasises the meaning-making practices involved in the production and interpretation of policy. This is done through a detailed textual analysis of policy combined with innovative conceptual and methodological arguments. Maintaining a critical edge, the approaches gathered here all move from a normative study of discourse to an explanatory critique concerned with the role of social power and power relations.' - Jonathan Joseph, University of Bristol, UK'Finally, a very timely and useful volume which addresses scholars and graduate students in the Social Sciences, and - importantly - also policy makers as well as practitioners. The chapters illustrate how systematic interdisciplinary, in-depth textual analysis of policy documents, on the one hand, and of debates about policies, on the other, allow for an understanding and explanation of the complexity of policy processes and procedures in innovative ways.' - Ruth Wodak, Lancaster University, UKTrade Review'This is a significant contribution to the fields of critical discourse and critical policy studies. With a diverse selection of relevant contemporary policy issues, as well as explicit discussions of the methodological tools deployed and their connection to critical social theories, the book as a whole offers a valuable snapshot of the potential of integrated approaches, showing how they can enhance structurally-oriented policy critiques by grounding them in the specifics of discursive practices.' --Susana Martínez Guillem, University of New Mexico, US'This volume testifies to the productive encounter between Critical Policy Studies and Discourse Analysis. Accessible, informative and exhaustive, it presents model examples of discourse research in the area of policy research.' --Johannes Angermuller, The Open University, UK'By bringing together, in a highly innovative and informative way, up-to-date theory, detailed methodological guidance and well-documented empirical examples, Critical Policy Discourse Analysis is now the go-to book for everyone interested in the contribution of critical discourse analysis to policy studies. The book captures the enormous theoretical and methodological progress CDA has made over the last decade. It convincingly demonstrates that CDA should be part of the standard repertoire of policy analysis and a core topic of every policy studies curriculum.' --Hendrik Wagenaar, King's College London, UK and The University of Canberra, AustraliaTable of ContentsContents: 1 Introducing critical policy discourse analysis 1 Jane Mulderrig, Nicolina Montesano Montessori and Michael Farrelly 2 Text oriented discourse analysis: an analysis of a struggle for hegemony in Mexico 23 Nicolina Montesano Montessori 3 Analysing orders of discourse of neoliberal rule: health ‘nudges’ and the rise of psychological governance 48 Jane Mulderrig 4 The recontextualisation of higher education policy in learning and teaching practices: the discursive construction of community 73 Sarah Horrod 5 Advocacy NGOs in Chilean education policy-making: spaces of resistance or agencies fostering neoliberalism? 97 Juan Francisco Palma Carvajal 6 Business logics: co-option of media discourse by pro-market arguments in the case of Nokia in Finland 122 Mikko Poutanen 7 Analysing the representation of social actors: the conceptualisation of objects of governance 147 Michael Farrelly 8 ‘The billionaires’ boot boys start screaming’ – a critical analysis of economic policy discourses in reaction to Piketty’s Capital in the Twenty-First Century 169 Hendrik Theine and Maria Rieder 9 Historical ethnography of policy discourse: examining the genesis of a language strategy in Slovenia 193 Kristof Savski 10 Historical materialist policy analysis meets critical discourse analysis of practical argumentation: making sense of hegemony struggles in Italy’s crisis management 216 Daniela Caterina 11 Scaling the incommensurate: discourses of sustainability in the Western Isles of Scotland 242 Tom Bartlett 12 Concluding remarks on critical policy discourse analysis 264 Michael Farrelly, Nicolina Montesano Montessori and Jane Mulderrig Index 271

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis timely book details the theoretical and practical elements of political rhetoric and their effects on the interactions between politicians and the public. Expert contributors explore the issues associated with political rhetoric from a range of disciplinary perspectives, including political science, linguistics, social psychology and communication studies. Investigating critical emerging topics, such as invited behavior, political public relations, artificial intelligence and 'chatbots', this book offers a comprehensive overview of the current state of the field. Empirical data gathered from around the globe facilitates comparison of the different structures, practices and effects of political rhetoric employed across various cultural contexts. Chapters examine what makes a speech effective, politicians' use of moral appeals in political advertising, political attacks on social media, and gender and emotion in political discourse. The Rhetoric of Political Leadership will be a key resource for scholars and students of political science, communication studies and social psychology, particularly those focusing on cross-cultural perspectives. It will also appeal to those working in leadership and politics that are seeking an in-depth understanding of the importance and use of discourse in the political arena. Contributors include: M. Asano, C.S. Ben-Porat, I.J. de Sousa, O. Feldman, A. Gayoso, M. Hameleers, I. Joathan, C. Johnson, M.A. Krasner, S. Lehman-Wilzig, F.P.J. Marques, B. Mendelski, M.S. Teer, A. Walter, J. WangTrade Review‘The Rhetoric of Political Leadership provides insight into both the rational and emotional attributes of political discourse more broadly and political rhetoric and their effects more specifically. The book is well-written and provides fascinating insight into political language, discourse and rhetoric from across the globe. It would be of interest to postgraduate students, scholars/researchers in the fields of linguistics, communication and politics who wish to understand the myriad of rhetorical techniques and tools that politicians use to persuade the public and the implications and impact on the audience. The key strengths of the book can be summarised as its reference to political discourse from a diverse range of contexts and countries, its dedicated section on social media discourse as well chapters which drew on multimodal discourse analysis.’ -- Neda Salahshour, Journal of Language and Politics'This volume is a must-read collection for scholars working in and across the fields of political science, social psychology, media communication and discourse studies. It does not only offer cutting-edge perspectives on rational and emotional attributes of political rhetoric, but also on their effects across a wide variety of societies and venues.' -- Anita Fetzer, University of Augsburg, Germany‘Cutting-edge analyses reveal how politicians use public self-presentations to recruit the loyalists who empower them, whether by voting or by oppressing. Both linguistic and paralinguistic behaviors are examined across a broad variety of cultures and languages, in both traditional and new media, and under both democratic and dictatorial institutions. Innovative methodologies and novel techniques uncover general patterns as well as peculiarities specific to particular national settings. Together the authors push the study of political communication to new frontiers.’ -- Richard Anderson, University of California, Los Angeles, US‘Ofer Feldman offers a comprehensive study of contemporary political communication that centers in key countries such as the United States, United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Israel, China, Japan and others. The focus on politicians’ evocative communication promotes a fresh look at how leaders resort to persuasive techniques that allow content and style to secure adherents. The book’s international focus adds great insights to those interested in world political communication and expands readers’ understanding of the rise of populism as a rhetorical objective.’ -- Amos Kiewe, Syracuse University, US‘This volume contributes usefully to our growing understanding of political language as a form of strategic communication. The global range of the examples is admirable, reminding us that, while media platforms are increasingly international, meaning is still culturally specific.’ -- Stephen Coleman, University of Leeds, UK‘This book brings together a fascinating collection of special essays that illuminate the multiple roles of language in framing political issues, and in persuading others to support the proposals and decisions of political leaders. Case studies from selected countries, some rarely examined, explore how top political leaders use rhetoric strategies to mobilize the electorate, lead government, and to affect policy discourse and interventions. Anyone interested in the complex relationships between political rhetoric, leadership, and governance will find this book essential reading.’ -- Ken Kinoshita, Fukuoka Institute of Technology, JapanTable of ContentsContents: 1 Introduction: persuasive speaking and evoking political behavior 1 Ofer Feldman PART I PERSUASIVE LEADERSHIP: EMOTION, STYLE, AND IDENTITY IN NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL ARENAS 2 Gender, emotion and political discourse: masculinity, femininity and populism 16 Carol Johnson 3 What makes a speech effective? Netanyahu’s and Obama’s SPECtrum of Rhetoric Intelligences (SPEC/RI) in United Nations speeches 2009–2012 34 Michelle Stein Teer 4 Xi Jinping’s governance philosophy and language style: analysis of the Chinese leader’s speeches 53 Jianxin Wang 5 The French state of emergency: marginalization of the Muslim minority as a consequence of state self-legitimation 69 Bruno Mendelski PART II EVOKING BEHAVIOR: THE RHETORIC OF PRESIDENTIAL INAUGURATION, TELEVISED INTERVIEW, AND ELECTION CAMPAIGN 6 Battling for America’s soul: Donald Trump, invited behavior, and the midterm elections of 2018 86 Michael Alan Krasner 7 Political Public Relations (PPR) techniques: emotional input and output 104 Albina Gayoso 8 The rhetoric of broadcast talk shows in Japan: the art of equivocation as a political skill 139 Ofer Feldman 9 Politicians’ use of moral appeals in British political advertising 1983–2017 156 Annemarie Walter 10 Facial expressions in election campaign posters: the effect of smiling on winning political seats during the 2017 Japanese lower house election 172 Masahiko Asano PART III SOCIAL MEDIA DISCOURSE: POPULISM, NEGATIVE CAMPAIGNS, AND THE USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE 11 They are lying to us! The rhetoric of direct communication by populist politicians and its effects on the electorate: evidence from the Netherlands 196 Michael Hameleers 12 Emotion, reason, and political attacks on Facebook : the use of rhetorical appeals in the 2014 Brazilian presidential race 214 Ícaro Joathan and Francisco Paulo Jamil Marques 13 Political discourse through artificial intelligence: parliamentary practices and public perceptions of chatbot communication in social media 230 Chen Sabag Ben-Porat and Sam Lehman-Wilzig Index 246

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis innovative book explores think tanks from the perspective of critical policy studies, showcasing how knowledge, power and politics intersect with the ways in which think tanks intervene in public policy.Expert contributors offer multidisciplinary analyses of the history of policy advice and expertise and highlight recent examples of how think tanks navigate public debates, political arenas and the backstage of decision-making. They provide an overview of historical developments in the emergence and evolution of think tanks and consider how current think tanks produce policy narratives and exercise influence through the power of ideas. Focusing on institutional structures and social forces, chapters explain how national and transnational think tank landscapes are organized and how think tanks shape knowledge production infrastructure in different governance contexts. The book concludes that evaluating this infrastructure is crucial for ensuring that policy discourse serves collective interests and inclusive policy learning in diverse democratic polities.This book's evaluation of the impact of think tanks on expertise, democracy and social justice, while utilizing rigorous empirical research, will be useful for scholars and students of public policy, political theory and public administration and management. It will also be beneficial for think tankers and policy analysts.Trade Review'Think tanks are ubiquitous today. This volume is a stellar contribution by showing how these organizations have evolved and adjusted to the post factual world where experts and policy knowledge is constantly contested. Even so, many think tanks have been able to penetrate policy advisory structures in countries around the world. But the contributors go further to delve into their organizational strategies that go beyond seeking to inform policy to reveal the way in which they wield power in shaping policy discourses and paradigms.' -- Diane Stone, European University Institute, Italy and International Public Policy Association, France'Critical Perspectives on Think Tanks offers the most comprehensive analysis to date of the global reach of think tanks. Its incisive studies are a must-read, not only for scholars focused on this subject, but for anyone interested in the shifting interface between public policy and scientific reason. -- '– Thomas Medvetz, University of California, San Diego, USTable of ContentsContents: 1 An introduction to critical studies of think tanks 1 Julien Landry PART I THINK TANKS AND THE TRANSFORMATION OF POLICY EXPERTISE 2 How advocacy tanks wrote the latest chapter in the history of political intellectuals 21 Guillaume Lamy 3 From private advice to public policy? The evolution of consultancy think tanks 37 Matthias Kipping PART II BROKERING ACCESS, MARKETING KNOWLEDGE 4 Democracy, civil society and the strategies pursued by think tanks in Mexico 58 Alejandra Salas-Porras 5 In the backstage of influence and ‘policy marketing.’ Collusive transactions and action-oriented knowledge at Epode European Network 79 Thomas Alam 6 An uphill battle: think tanks, Donald Trump and the war of ideas 97 Donald E. Abelson PART III DISCOURSE, POWER, INFLUENCE 7 Interplays of economic and knowledge power. Neoliberal think tank networks and the return and universalization of entrepreneurship 117 Dieter Plehwe 8 Think tanks and the turnaround of the right in Brazil 137 Juliana Hauck and Ciro Resende 9 Think tanks as governance entrepreneurs: institutionalizing human rights in ASEAN 157 Erin Zimmerman PART IV SPHERES OF TRUTH AND SYSTEMS OF KNOWLEDGE 10 Politics by the same means? Think tanks, polarization and the road to post-truth in the United States and Canada 177 Julien Landry 11 Widening the gap: US think tanks and the manufactured chasm between scientific expertise and common sense on climate change 196 Alexander Ruser 12 Towards an epistemic evaluation of think tank ecosystems: the case of epistemic justice 215 Andréanne Veillette, François Claveau and Amandine Catala Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisSynthesising diverse research avenues for politics, discourse, and political discourse, this cutting-edge Handbook examines the formative traditions, current theoretical and methodological landscape, and genres and domains over which political discourse extends.Drawing on rich and dynamic models in critical cognitive linguistics, pragmatics, metaphor analysis, context, and multimodality studies, leading scholars provide tools to analyse a broad range of traditional and modern genres of political communication. Taking a historical dive into formative traditions in political discourse, including rhetoric and social and poststructuralist theories, this Handbook revises these classical models of political communication against new empirical contexts to offer the most fruitful, objective, and universal methodologies to date. Examining propaganda, advertising, political speeches and election campaigns, this Handbook pays particular attention to newly arising genres and discourses which reflect the momentous changes in the public domain, fuelled by recent and developing events including the COVID-19 pandemic and the Russia–Ukraine war.Drawing diverse insights from a wide array of disciplines, this Handbook will prove invaluable to students and scholars of political theory, sociology, philosophy, linguistics, discourse analysis, and communication studies who are looking for innovative methodologies with which to analyse political discourse.Table of ContentsContents: Introduction to the Handbook of Political Discourse 1 Piotr Cap PART I FORMATIVE TRADITIONS 1 Language and politics, politics and language: democracy and demagoguery 6 Paul Chilton 2 Rhetoric as the art of persuasion in the Greek and Roman worlds 23 Sara Rubinelli 3 Niccolò Machiavelli: language, power and leadership 36 Anthony R. Brunello 4 From Marx to the Frankfurt School: discourse, ideology, and critical theory 50 Chad Kautzer 5 Poststructuralist theories: making space for a linguistic analysis of political discourse 66 Dirk Nabers 6 The French school of discourse analysis 79 Dominique Maingueneau 7 Laclau and Mouffe, Bourdieu, neo-liberalism, and the mass media 93 Jeremy F. Lane PART II METHODOLOGIES AND TOOLS 8 Political discourse analysis and critical discourse studies: scope, relations, commitments 109 Patricia Dunmire 9 Language, space and politics 128 Bertie Kaal 10 Metaphorical framing in political discourse 145 Andreas Musolff 11 Context: theoretical analysis and its implications for political discourse analysis 164 Anita Fetzer 12 The analysis of discursive subjects 180 Johannes Angermuller 13 Narratives and storytelling processes in the analysis of political discourse 204 Anna De Fina 14 Propaganda theory and analysis 219 John Oddo 15 Multimodality toolkit for political discourse analysis: a focus on visual rhetoric 235 Katarzyna Molek-Kozakowska and Agnieszka Kampka PART III DOMAINS AND GENRES 16 Political speeches: interactive and heteroglossic elements 251 Helmut Gruber 17 Parliamentary sessions: interlocking genres of law-making 266 Răzvan Săftoiu 18 Political advertising and election campaigns 288 Glenn W. Richardson Jr. 19 Media discourses of public participation 301 Jan Chovanec 20 Political discourse as institutional communication 317 Geert Jacobs, Thomas Jacobs and Sofie Verkest 21 Environment, climate and health at the crossroads: a critical analysis of public policy and political communication discourse in the EU 328 Cinzia Bevitori and Katherine E. Russo 22 Public policy discourse: anti-terrorism and migration 345 Maureen Duffy 23 Protocols of political forgiveness: forgetting and forgiving antisemitism in Greek right-wing politics 360 Salomi Boukala Index 374

Read more less

Book SynopsisDiscourse-based approaches to studying organizations have grown in significance over the last 25 years. This accessible and insightful book exemplifies how to use a discursive approach to study organizations. By drawing on her own empirical research, Cynthia Hardy aligns key theoretical assumptions with a range of case studies to demonstrate the value and adaptability of a discursive approach.The book presents the key theoretical assumptions associated with a discursive approach and shows how to align them with the design of specific empirical studies. Cynthia Hardy also illustrates how data collection and analysis can be customized to suit the issues under investigation. By reviewing empirical settings that range from older workers to refugees, from businesses to voluntary organizations, from strategy making to inter-organizational collaboration, and from environmental regulation to chemical risk, the author shows the value and adaptability of this approach. Forward-thinking, the book concludes with a look towards the future challenges of the discursive approach, covering specific issues of resistance to and reflexivity in research on discourse.Demonstrating the importance of empirical work, data collection, and analysis, this book will be a useful guide on discursive approach for students of organization and management studies. It will also prove useful for researchers studying HIV/AIDS organizations, refugees, and environmental regulation, which are particularly focused on in the book.Trade Review‘How to Use a Discursive Approach to Study Organizations is a savvy and wonderfully practical book that demonstrates how researchers can generate rich understandings of contemporary organizational phenomena and societal challenges through discursive study. It combines accessible explanations of theory with first-hand insights and sage advice on how researchers might conduct empirical work and analysis with care and creativity. This is a book that the field has needed for a long time.’ -- Gavin Jack, Monash University, Australia'This book is a most welcome addition to the literature on organizational discourse. At once accessible and illuminating in its writing, it offers a practical and informative guide that will help to initiate newcomers into the field of organizational discourse and inspire old-timers. As one of the leading scholars of discourse in the field of organization studies, Cynthia Hardy has a fine-tuned sensitivity to the discursive construction of our organizational worlds. Her imaginative insights into organizational actors’ discursive moves and countermoves demonstrate the analytical potential of a discursive approach to study organizations.' -- Sierk Ybema, Anglia Ruskin University, UK and Vrije Universiteit, the Netherlands'At last we have a book that simultaneously explains and demonstrates the value of the discursive approach to the study of organizations. Cynthia Hardy has been a pioneer in organizational discourse analysis over the years and this book is a vivid demonstration of her talent as a prolific, insightful, and influential researcher. I can think of no better introduction to the main ideas and methods of the discursive approach in organizational research than this volume. In simple and attractive language, patiently and methodically, Cynthia Hardy shows the reader how to use the discursive approach. Insofar as language matters in organizational life, this book explains why and shows how to explore its effects systematically. Cynthia Hardy has offered a valuable toolkit to help us better understand and study how organizational phenomena are talked into existence through language. I am certain her book will further invigorate the discursive approach and this will be no small gain for the field.’ -- Haridimos Tsoukas, University of Cyprus, Cyprus and University of Warwick, UK‘Cynthia Hardy has written a superb text on organizational discourse studies. Using extensive empirical examples, she provides insightful discussions of discourse basics, levels of analysis, reflexivity, and materiality. Each chapter also contains vital methodological advice for the analyst. It is truly a must-read for both seasoned and novice scholars.’ -- Linda L. Putnam, University of California, Santa Barbara, USTable of ContentsContents: Preface PART I BASICS 1. Theoretical underpinnings of a discursive approach 2. Understanding dominant discourses 3. Understanding discursive struggle 4. Understanding discursive change PART II LEVELS AND ISSUES 5. Using a discursive approach to study individual identities 6. Using a discursive approach to study organizational identities 7. Using a discursive approach to study organizational change 8. Using a discursive approach to study organizational fields PART III FUTURE CHALLENGES 9. The consumption of discourse 10. Resistance to discourse 11. Reflexivity in research on discourse 12. Materiality and discourse References Index

Read more less