Science & Nature Books

Book SynopsisThe first systematic, quantitative appraisal of power density, offering detailed reviews of power densities of renewable energy flows, fossil fuels, and all common energy uses.“There's no author whose books I look forward to more than Vaclav Smil.”—Bill GatesIn this book, Vaclav Smil argues that power density is a key determinant of the nature and dynamics of energy systems. Any understanding of complex energy systems must rely on quantitative measures of many fundamental variables. Power density—the rate of energy flux per unit of area—is an important but largely overlooked measure. Smil provides the first systematic, quantitative appraisal of power density, offering detailed reviews of the power densities of renewable energy flows, fossil fuels, thermal electricity generation, and all common energy uses.Smil shows that careful quantification, critical appraisals, and revealing comparisons of power densities make possibl

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Book SynopsisIn this rare personal investigation, His Holiness the Dalai Lama discusses his vision of science and faith working hand in hand to alleviate human suffering. Drawing on a lifetime of scientific study and religious practice, he explores the great debates and makes astonishing connections between seemingly disparate topics - such as evolution and karma - that will change the way we look at the world.While he sees science and faith as ''complementary but different investigative approaches with the same goal of seeking the truth,'' the fact is that the two have often been at the root of human conflict for centuries. The Dalai Lama challenges us to see that the benefits of opening our hearts and minds to the connections between science and faith are far preferable to perpetuating the divisive rhetoric that often surrounds them. Now, as we face such troubled and uncertain times, the need has never been greater for this extraordinary man''s compassion and wisdom.Trade ReviewWith immense charm and lucidity, [the Dalai Lama] riffs on possible congruences between quantum physics or relativity and the Buddhist concept of impermanence and nothingness Steven Poole, GUARDIAN Wise and compassionate DAILY EXPRESS Some fascinating fresh insights ... Those who confuse the Dalai Lama's affability and simple-heartedness for a lack of intellectual rigour will be confounded by the strength of his reasoning, and no one can deny his argument that science should serve us all ... a fascinating account of an intellectual journey from the rooftops of Lhasa to the modern world SCOTSMAN The lucidity of the writing is a joy, and conveys with simple elegance profound truths from both traditions. For those wishing to understand the nature of reality, this is an excellent work THE MIDDLE WAY: JOURNAL OF THE BUDDHIST SOCIETY

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Book SynopsisFlatland is a unique, delightful satire that has charmed readers for over a century. Published in 1884 by the English clergyman and headmaster Edwin A. Abbott, it is the fanciful tale of A. Square, a two-dimensional being who is whisked away by a mysterious visitor to The Land of Three Dimensions, an experience that forever alters his worldview. Like the original, Ian Stewart''s commentary takes readers on a strange and wonderful journey. With clarity and wit, Stewart illuminates Abbott''s numerous Victorian references and touches on such diverse topics as ancient Babylon, Karl Marx, Mary Shelley''s Frankenstein , Mt. Everest, H.G. Wells, and phrenology. The Annotated Flatland makes fascinating connections between Flatland and Abbott''s era, resulting in a classic to rival Abbott''s own, and a book that will inspire and delight curious readers for generations to come.Trade Review"Stewart... is renowned for his popular science books, but Why Beauty is Truth is without a doubt the finest." Nature "Stewart, long a class act in popular maths, does not shy from presenting equations, illuminating them with imagistic explanations and sympathetic character sketches of heroes past and present." Guardian "I resorted to hiding (Why Beauty is Truth) from other members of the family until I'd finished and am confident that those on the 'waiting list' will not be disappointed. Inspirational." TLS"

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Book Synopsis"An invaluable portrait of the evolution of international health in recent decades." —William Bynum, Wall Street JournalTrade Review"An invaluable portrait of the evolution of international health in recent decades…We need more people like Peter Piot who will rise to the occasion with spirit and passion." -- William Bynum - Wall Street Journal"[A] fascinating account of the complex behavioural responses that epidemics trigger among their human hosts." -- José Esparza - Nature"From laboratories to field epidemiology, boardrooms and political chambers, [No Time To Lose] charts an incredibly impactful career in science and the fine arts of diplomacy, communication and political engagement in difficult situations." -- Chikwe Ihekweazu - Nature"Insightful." -- Andrew Jack - Financial Times"A riveting read." -- Laurie Garrett - The Lancet"A timely and accessible memoir…enthralling reading…will appeal to budding young scientists." -- Booklist (starred review)"Piot helped assure that affordable drugs revolutionizing AIDS treatment would be available to the poorest victims. He leaves a legacy of change and hope in two worlds—medicine and politics—and an urgent reminder that their cooperation saves lives." -- Publishers Weekly (starred review)

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Book SynopsisIn this lively and illuminating discussion of his landmark research, esteemed primatologist Frans de Waal argues that human morality is not imposed from above but instead comes from within. Moral behavior does not begin and end with religion but is in fact a product of evolution.Trade Review"Frans de Waal’s new book carries the important message that human kindness is a biological feature of our species and not something that has to be imposed on us by religious teaching." -- Desmond Morris, author of The Naked Ape"De Waal’s decades of patient work documenting the ‘building blocks’ of morality in other animals has revolutionized not just primatology but moral psychology. By revealing our commonalities with other species, he gives us more compassion for them and also for ourselves. It’s impossible to look an ape in the eye and not see oneself, de Waal tells us, and this beautifully written book is one long riveting gaze." -- Jonathan Haidt, author of The Righteous Mind: Why Good People Are Divided by Politics and Religion"Frans de Waal offers us a wealth of inspiring observations from the animal realm, combined with thoughtful reflections on the evolution of morality. He makes a convincing case for the natural foundations of a secular ethics that is fully independent of religion without being dogmatically against it." -- Matthieu Ricard, Buddhist monk, scientist, and author of Happiness and The Quantum and the Lotus"The perpetual challenge to atheists is that moral behavior requires religion—all that prevents tsunamis of depravity is a deity or two, some nice hymns, and the threat of hellfire and damnation. De Waal shows that human morality is deeply rooted in our primate legacy, long predating the invention of that cultural gizmo called religion. This is an immensely important book by one of our most distinguished thinkers." -- Robert Sapolsky, author of Why Zebras Don't Get Ulcers and Monkeyluv"A well-composed argument for the biological foundations of human morality." -- Kirkus Reviews"This is a writer marshaling the evidence of his life, particularly his life as a scientist, to express a passionately held belief in the possibility of a more compassionate society." -- Meehan Crist - New Republic"A primatologist who has spent his career studying chimpanzees and bonobos, two of humanity’s closest living relatives, Mr. de Waal draws on a lifetime of empirical research. His data provides plenty of evidence that religion is not necessary in order for animals to display something that looks strikingly like human morality." -- The Economist

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Book SynopsisThis advanced undergraduate-level text provides a formulation of the quantum theory in terms of qualitative and imaginative concepts outside classical theory. A broad range of specific applications follows, worked out in considerable mathematical detail. Also included: an examination of the relationship between quantum and classical concepts. Preface. Index.

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Book SynopsisExcellent coverage of kinematics, momentum principle, Newtonian fluid, rotating fluids, compressibility, and more. Geared toward advanced undergraduate and graduate students of mathematics and science; prerequisites include calculus and vector analysis. 1971 edition.

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsCLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE 1 CHAPTER 2 CLINICAL NEUROANATOMY 11 CHAPTER 3 APPROACH TO THE PATIENT WITH NEUROLOGIC DISEASE 42 CHAPTER 4 MYOPATHIES 49 CHAPTER 5 NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION DISEASES 65 CHAPTER 6 PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHIES AND MOTOR NEURON DISEASES 76 CHAPTER 7 RADICULOPATHY AND DEGENERATIVE SPINE DISEASE 95 CHAPTER 8 MYELOPATHIES 103 CHAPTER 9 BRAIN STEM DISEASE 114 CHAPTER 10 CEREBELLAR DISEASE 128 CHAPTER 11 BASAL GANGLIA DISORDERS 137 CHAPTER 12 MOVEMENT DISORDERS 149 CHAPTER 13 AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM 167 CHAPTER 14 DEMYELINATING AND AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES 184 CHAPTER 15 ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE AND MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT 191 CHAPTER 16 NON-ALZHEIMER'S DEMENTIAS 201 CHAPTER 17 NEUROPSYCHIATRY AND BEHAVIORAL NEUROLOGY 206 CHAPTER 18 CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE 222 CHAPTER 19 NEUROCRITICAL CARE 234 CHAPTER 20 NEURO-ONCOLOGY 265 CHAPTER 21 HEADACHES 276 CHAPTER 22 SEIZURES AND EPILEPSY 301 CHAPTER 23 SLEEP DISORDERS 324 CHAPTER 24 NEUROLOGIC COMPLICATIONS OF SYSTEMIC DISEASE 336 CHAPTER 25 INFECTIOUS DISEASES OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM 353 CHAPTER 26 NEUROGENETIC DISORDERS 369 CHAPTER 27 PAIN PROCESSING AND MODULATION 375 CHAPTER 28 PEDIATRIC NEUROLOGY 389 CHAPTER 29 PSYCHIATRY IN NEUROLOGY 403 CHAPTER 30 NEURO-OTOLOGY 428 CHAPTER 31 ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY 443 CHAPTER 32 ELECTROMYOGRAPHY 467 CHAPTER 33 NEUROPATHOLOGY 474

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Book SynopsisBiomedical Sciences is an indispensable, all encompassing core textbook for first/ second year biomedical science students that will support them throughout their undergraduate career. The bookincludes the key components of the IBMS accredited degree programmes, plus sections on actual practice in UK hospital laboratories (including the compilation of a reflective portfolio). The bookis visually exciting, and written in an interesting and accessible manner while maintaining scientific rigour. Highlighted boxes within the textlink the theory to actual clinical laboratory practice for example, the histopathology chapter includes a photographically illustrated flow chart of the progress of a specimen through the histopathology lab, so that students can actually see how the specimen reception/inking/cut-up/cassette/block/section/stain system works, with an emphasis on the safety procedures that ensure specimens are not confused).Trade Review“As an accompaniment to an undergraduate programme, this is an excellent text that manages to introduce all aspects of biomedical science to the reader.” (British Journal of Biomedical Science, 1 January 2013) “Overall, Biomedical Sciences: Essential Laboratory Medicine would make a fantastic starting textbook for biomedical students. It is accessible, clinically-focused and covers all major relevant topics. (Phenotype, 28 May 2012)Table of ContentsList of Contributors xi Preface xiii Chapter 1 Anatomy and physiology of major organ systems 1 Ray K. Iles, Iona Collins and Suzanne M. Docherty 1.1 The skeletal system 1 1.2 The digestive system 6 1.3 The cardiovascular system 11 1.4 The urinary system 17 1.5 Respiratory system 21 1.6 The nervous system 23 1.7 The endocrine system 31 Bibliography 33 Chapter 2 Pathophysiology 35 Suzanne M. Docherty 2.1 Pathophysiology: a definition 35 2.2 Introduction to epidemiology 35 2.3 Introduction to pharmacology 38 2.4 Gastroenterology 44 2.5 Liver, biliary tract and pancreatic disease 50 2.6 Rheumatology 56 2.7 Urinary tract disease 59 2.8 Cardiovascular disease 65 2.9 Respiratory disease 76 2.10 Endocrine disease 80 Bibliography 88 Chapter 3 Clinical cell biology and genetics 89 Ray K. Iles and Stephen A. Butler 3.1 The cell 89 3.2 Genetics 103 3.3 Human genetic disorders 116 3.4 Important techniques in molecular cell biology 136 Bibliography 138 Chapter 4 Cellular pathology 139 Christopher M. Stonard and Jennifer H. Stonard Part I: Principles of cellular pathology 139 4.1 Structure and function of normal cells, tissues and organs 139 4.2 Tissues and organs 140 4.3 Cellular responses to injury 141 4.4 Tissue responses to injury: acute inflammation 143 4.5 Tissue responses to injury: chronic inflammation 149 4.6 Healing and repair 151 4.7 Hyperplasia and hypertrophy 154 4.8 Atherosclerosis 155 4.9 Thrombosis and embolism 157 4.10 Ischaemia and infarction 159 4.11 Amyloid and amyloidosis 160 4.12 Infections of histological importance 162 4.13 Metaplasia, dysplasia and carcinoma in situ 165 4.14 Neoplasia 168 Part II: Clinical application and laboratory techniques 175 4.15 Sampling modalities 175 4.16 Fixation 178 4.17 Specimen dissection 180 4.18 Processing and embedding 182 4.19 Microtomy 184 4.20 Standard staining methods and procedures 186 4.21 Frozen section 190 4.22 Immunohistochemistry 191 4.23 Cytopathology 196 4.24 Electron microscopy 197 4.25 In situ hybridization 201 Bibliography 203 Chapter 5 Clinical chemistry 205 Ray K. Iles and Stephen A. Butler Introduction 205 Part I: Analytical methods 205 5.1 Sample collection 205 5.2 Analytical methods in clinical chemistry laboratories 210 5.3 Summary: common clinical tests for sample analytes 231 Part II: Clinical assessments 232 5.4 Urea and electrolytes (U and Es) 232 5.5 Metabolism and gastrointestinal markers 234 5.6 Renal function tests 236 5.7 Liver function tests 237 5.8 Heart disease and lipid disorder tests 238 5.9 Pancreatic function tests 240 5.10 Bone disease assessment 241 5.11 Endocrinological assessments 241 5.12 Pregnancy tests and pregnancy clinical chemistry 249 5.13 Therapeutic drug monitoring and toxicology 251 5.14 Clinical chemistry at the extremes of age 253 5.15 Cancer biomarkers 254 Bibliography 259 Chapter 6 Medical microbiology 261 Sarah J. Furrows and Catherine S. Fontinelle Introduction 261 6.1 Overview of microorganisms 261 6.2 Laboratory investigation of infection 265 6.3 Bacteria 277 6.4 Fungi 284 6.5 Parasitology --- protozoa and helminths 288 6.6 Viruses 290 6.7 Prions 297 6.8 Infections in the immunocompromised patient 298 6.9 Healthcare associated infections 299 6.10 Antimicrobial agents 302 6.11 Vaccines 307 6.12 Conclusion 309 Bibliography 309 Chapter 7 Clinical immunology 311 Ray K. Iles and Ivan M. Roitt Part I: The fundamentals of immunology 311 7.1 Overview of the immune system 311 7.2 Overview of the immune response 316 7.3 MHC genotyping, autoimmunity and susceptibility to disease 321 7.4 Physical age and immunocompetency 322 Part II: Laboratory investigations and immune assessments 323 7.5 Inflammation and chronic infection 323 7.6 Autoimmune diseases 324 7.7 Transplant rejection 325 7.8 Hypersensitivities 326 7.9 Immune deficiency 326 Bibliography 328 Chapter 8 Haematology and transfusion science 329 Suzanne M. Docherty 8.1 Introduction and components of blood 329 8.2 Routine laboratory blood tests 332 8.3 Haemopoiesis 336 8.4 Red blood cell structure, disorders and metabolism 337 8.5 Haemoglobin 342 8.6 Anaemia 353 8.7 Benign white blood cell disorders 359 8.8 Haemostasis 361 8.9 Coagulation disorders 366 8.10 Myeloproliferative disorders 371 8.11 Haematological malignancies 373 8.12 Complement 378 8.13 Blood transfusion 380 8.14 Blood products 390 8.15 Haemopoetic stem cell transplantation 393 Bibliography 395 Chapter 9 Professional practice and biomedical science 397 David Ricketts 9.1 What is a biomedical scientist? 397 9.2 The IBMS 397 9.3 Professional practice and the role of the HPC 398 9.4 Standards of proficiency --- biomedical scientists 399 9.5 Expectations of a health professional 400 9.6 Professional relationships 401 9.7 The skills required for the application of practice 401 9.8 Knowledge, understanding and skills 402 9.9 Standards of conduct, performance and ethics 403 9.10 Cpd 403 9.11 Critical reflection 404 9.12 IBMS CPD scheme 404 9.13 The professional biomedical scientist as an agent for change in the wider healthcare setting 405 Appendix 407 Index 413

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Book SynopsisAre the physical laws of our universe finely tuned, such that life can exist? What does this imply about how our universe formed? Questions like these are examined in Nature''s Balancing Act, presented for a wide audience. From the Big Bang to present-day research, ranging from gravitational waves to experiments on antimatter, our physical laws are shown to be slightly off balance, allowing life to exist. In its opening chapters, the following is asked: What would happen if the strong nuclear force, which binds protons and neutrons together, were slightly stronger or weaker? Would life still be possible? We know today that pushing the nuclear force off balance by just a few percent would create a different universe, unlike our own. Also, for life to exist, there must be a slight imbalance in the way matter and antimatter were created in the Big Bang. If matter and antimatter were exactly in balance, then our universe would not exist. These are just two examples of the fine tuning of physical laws that must happen for the cosmological conditions to be right for life to exist. If the universe wasn''t just so, you wouldn''t be here to read about it!Even with a favorable universe, how did life on Earth begin? How did it survive all this time without being wiped out by a cosmic event? Can human life continue to exist for millions of years, or will we cause our own extinction? These topics are considered in the latter chapters of the book and provide a fascinating look at our existence on Earth and the possibility of life elsewhere.

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Book SynopsisCircuits overloaded from electric circuit analysis? Many universities require that students pursuing a degree in electrical or computer engineering take an Electric Circuit Analysis course to determine who will "make the cut" and continue in the degree program.Table of ContentsIntroduction 1 About This Book 1 Conventions Used in This Book 1 What You’re Not to Read 2 Foolish Assumptions 2 How This Book is Organized 2 Part I: Getting Started with Circuit Analysis 2 Part II: Applying Analytical Methods for Complex Circuits 3 Part III: Understanding Circuits with Transistors and Operational Amplifiers 3 Part IV: Applying Time-Varying Signals to First- and Second-Order Circuits 3 Part V: Advanced Techniques and Applications in Circuit Analysis 3 Part VI: The Part of Tens 3 Icons Used in This Book 4 Where to Go from Here 4 Part I: Getting Started with Circuit Analysis 5 Chapter 1: Introducing Circuit Analysis 7 Getting Started with Current and Voltage 7 Going with the flow with current 8 Recognizing potential differences with voltage 9 Staying grounded with zero voltage 9 Getting some direction with the passive sign convention 10 Beginning with the Basic Laws 11 Surveying the Analytical Methods for More-Complex Circuits 11 Introducing Transistors and Operational Amplifiers 12 Dealing with Time-Varying Signals, Capacitors, and Inductors 13 Avoiding Calculus with Advanced Techniques 13 Chapter 2: Clarifying Basic Circuit Concepts and Diagrams 15 Looking at Current-Voltage Relationships 15 Absorbing energy with resistors 16 Applying Ohm’s law to resistors 16 Calculating the power dissipated by resistors 18 Offering no resistance: Batteries and short circuits 18 Batteries: Providing power independently 19 Short circuits: No voltage, no power 19 Facing infinite resistance: Ideal current sources and open circuits 20 All or nothing: Combining open and short circuits with ideal switches 20 Mapping It All Out with Schematics 21 Going in circles with loops 22 Getting straight to the point with nodes 24 Chapter 3: Exploring Simple Circuits with Kirchhoff’s Laws 25 Presenting Kirchhoff’s Famous Circuit Laws 25 Kirchhoff’s voltage law (KVL): Conservation of energy 26 Identifying voltage rises and drops 26 Forming a KVL equation 27 Kirchhoff’s current law (KCL): Conservation of charge 29 Tracking incoming and outgoing current 29 Calculating KCL 30 Tackling Circuits with KVL, KCL, and Ohm’s Law 31 Getting batteries and resistors to work together 31 Starting with voltage 32 Bringing in current 32 Combining device equations with KVL 33 Summarizing the results 34 Sharing the same current in series circuits 34 Climbing the ladder with parallel circuits 36 Describing total resistance using conductance 37 Using a shortcut for two resistors in parallel 38 Finding equivalent resistor combinations 38 Combining series and parallel resistors 40 Chapter 4: Simplifying Circuit Analysis with Source Transformation and Division Techniques 41 Equivalent Circuits: Preparing for the Transformation 42 Transforming Sources in Circuits 45 Converting to a parallel circuit with a current source 45 Changing to a series circuit with a voltage source 47 Divvying It Up with the Voltage Divider 49 Getting a voltage divider equation for a series circuit 49 Figuring out voltages for a series circuit with two or more resistors 51 Finding voltages when you have multiple current sources 52 Using the voltage divider technique repeatedly 55 Cutting to the Chase Using the Current Divider Technique 57 Getting a current divider equation for a parallel circuit 57 Figuring out currents for parallel circuits 59 Finding currents when you have multiple voltage sources 60 Using the current divider technique repeatedly 63 Part II: Applying Analytical Methods for Complex Circuits 65 Chapter 5: Giving the Nod to Node-Voltage Analysis 67 Getting Acquainted with Node Voltages and Reference Nodes 67 Testing the Waters with Node Voltage Analysis 69 What goes in must come out: Starting with KCL at the nodes 70 Describing device currents in terms of node voltages with Ohm’s law 70 Putting a system of node voltage equations in matrix form 72 Solving for unknown node voltages 73 Applying the NVA Technique 74 Solving for unknown node voltageswith a current source 74 Dealing with three or more node equations 76 Working with Voltage Sources in Node-Voltage Analysis 80 Chapter 6: Getting in the Loop on Mesh Current Equations 83 Windowpanes: Looking at Meshes and Mesh Currents 83 Relating Device Currents to Mesh Currents 84 Generating the Mesh Current Equations 86 Finding the KVL equations first 87 Ohm’s law: Putting device voltages in terms of mesh currents 87 Substituting the device voltages into the KVL equations 88 Putting mesh current equations into matrix form 89 Solving for unknown currents and voltages 89 Crunching Numbers: Using Meshes to Analyze Circuits 90 Tackling two-mesh circuits 90 Analyzing circuits with three or more meshes 92 Chapter 7: Solving One Problem at a Time Using Superposition 95 Discovering How Superposition Works 95 Making sense of proportionality 96 Applying superposition in circuits 98 Adding the contributions of each independent source 100 Getting Rid of the Sources of Frustration 101 Short circuit: Removing a voltage source 101 Open circuit: Taking out a current source 102 Analyzing Circuits with Two Independent Sources 103 Knowing what to do when the sources are two voltage sources 103 Proceeding when the sources are two current sources 105 Dealing with one voltage source and one current source 107 Solving a Circuit with Three Independent Sources 108 Chapter 8: Applying Thévenin’s and Norton’s Theorems 113 Showing What You Can Do with Thévenin’s and Norton’s Theorems 114 Finding the Norton and Thévenin Equivalents for Complex Source Circuits 115 Applying Thévenin’s theorem 117 Finding the Thévenin equivalent of a circuit with a single independent voltage source 117 Applying Norton’s theorem 119 Using source transformation to find Thévenin or Norton 122 A shortcut: Finding Thévenin or Norton equivalents with source transformation 122 Finding the Thévenin equivalent of a circuit with multiple independent sources 122 Finding Thévenin or Norton with superposition 124 Gauging Maximum Power Transfer: A Practical Application of Both Theorems 127 Part III: Understanding Circuits with Transistors and Operational Amplifiers 131 Chapter 9: Dependent Sources and the Transistors That Involve Them 133 Understanding Linear Dependent Sources: Who Controls What 134 Classifying the types of dependent sources 134 Recognizing the relationship between dependent and independent sources 136 Analyzing Circuits with Dependent Sources 136 Applying node-voltage analysis 137 Using source transformation 138 Using the Thévenin technique 140 Describing a JFET Transistor with a Dependent Source 142 Examining the Three Personalities of Bipolar Transistors 145 Making signals louder with the common emitter circuit 146 Amplifying signals with a common base circuit 149 Isolating circuits with the common collector circuit 151 Chapter 10: Letting Operational Amplifiers Do the Tough Math Fast 155 The Ins and Outs of Op-Amp Circuits 155 Discovering how to draw op amps 156 Looking at the ideal op amp and its transfer characteristics 157 Modeling an op amp with a dependent source 158 Examining the essential equations for analyzing ideal op-amp circuits 159 Looking at Op-Amp Circuits 160 Analyzing a noninverting op amp 160 Following the leader with the voltage follower 162 Turning things around with the inverting amplifier 163 Adding it all up with the summer 164 What’s the difference? Using the op-amp subtractor 166 Increasing the Complexity of What You Can Do with Op Amps 168 Analyzing the instrumentation amplifier 168 Implementing mathematical equations electronically 170 Creating systems with op amps 171 Part IV: Applying Time-Varying Signals to First- and Second-Order Circuits 173 Chapter 11: Making Waves with Funky Functions 175 Spiking It Up with the Lean, Mean Impulse Function 176 Changing the strength of the impulse 178 Delaying an impulse 178 Evaluating impulse functions with integrals 179 Stepping It Up with a Step Function 180 Creating a time-shifted, weighted step function 181 Being out of step with shifted step functions 182 Building a ramp function with a step function 182 Pushing the Limits with the Exponential Function 184 Seeing the Signs with Sinusoidal Functions 186 Giving wavy functions a phase shift 187 Expanding the function and finding Fourier coefficients 189 Connecting sinusoidal functions to exponentials with Euler’s formula 190 Chapter 12: Spicing Up Circuit Analysis with Capacitors and Inductors 193 Storing Electrical Energy with Capacitors 193 Describing a capacitor 194 Charging a capacitor (credit cards not accepted) 195 Relating the current and voltage of a capacitor 195 Finding the power and energy of a capacitor 196 Calculating the total capacitance for parallel and series capacitors 199 Finding the equivalent capacitance of parallel capacitors 199 Finding the equivalent capacitance of capacitors in series 200 Storing Magnetic Energy with Inductors 200 Describing an inductor 201 Finding the energy storage of an attractive inductor 202 Calculating total inductance for series and parallel inductors 203 Finding the equivalent inductance for inductors in series 203 Finding the equivalent inductance for inductors in parallel 204 Calculus: Putting a Cap on Op-Amp Circuits 205 Creating an op-amp integrator 205 Deriving an op-amp differentiator 207 Using Op Amps to Solve Differential Equations Really Fast 208 Chapter 13: Tackling First-Order Circuits 211 Solving First-Order Circuits with Diff EQ 211 Guessing at the solution with the natural exponential function 213 Using the characteristic equation for a first-order equation 214 Analyzing a Series Circuit with a Single Resistor and Capacitor 215 Starting with the simple RC series circuit 215 Finding the zero-input response 217 Finding the zero-state response by focusing on the input source 219 Adding the zero-input and zero-state responses to find the total response 222 Analyzing a Parallel Circuit with a Single Resistor and Inductor 224 Starting with the simple RL parallel circuit 225 Calculating the zero-input response for an RL parallel circuit 226 Calculating the zero-state response for an RL parallel circuit 228 Adding the zero-input and zero-state responses to find the total response 230 Chapter 14: Analyzing Second-Order Circuits 233 Examining Second-Order Differential Equations with Constant Coefficients 233 Guessing at the elementary solutions: The natural exponential function 235 From calculus to algebra: Using the characteristic equation 236 Analyzing an RLC Series Circuit 236 Setting up a typical RLC series circuit 237 Determining the zero-input response 239 Calculating the zero-state response 242 Finishing up with the total response 245 Analyzing an RLC Parallel Circuit Using Duality 246 Setting up a typical RLC parallel circuit 247 Finding the zero-input response 249 Arriving at the zero-state response 250 Getting the total response 251 Part V: Advanced Techniques and Applications in Circuit Analysis 253 Chapter 15: Phasing in Phasors for Wave Functions 255 Taking a More Imaginative Turn with Phasors 256 Finding phasor forms 256 Examining the properties of phasors 258 Using Impedance to Expand Ohm’s Law to Capacitors and Inductors 259 Understanding impedance 260 Looking at phasor diagrams 261 Putting Ohm’s law for capacitors in phasor form 262 Putting Ohm’s law for inductors in phasor form 263 Tackling Circuits with Phasors 263 Using divider techniques in phasor form 264 Adding phasor outputs with superposition 266 Simplifying phasor analysis with Thévenin and Norton 268 Getting the nod for nodal analysis 270 Using mesh-current analysis with phasors 271 Chapter 16: Predicting Circuit Behavior with Laplace Transform Techniques 273 Getting Acquainted with the Laplace Transform and Key Transform Pairs 273 Getting Your Time Back with the Inverse Laplace Transform 276 Rewriting the transform with partial fraction expansion 276 Expanding Laplace transforms with complex poles 278 Dealing with transforms with multiple poles 280 Understanding Poles and Zeros of F(s) 282 Predicting the Circuit Response with Laplace Methods 285 Working out a first-order RC circuit 286 Working out a first-order RL circuit 290 Working out an RLC circuit 292 Chapter 17: Implementing Laplace Techniques for Circuit Analysis 295 Starting Easy with Basic Constraints 296 Connection constraints in the s-domain 296 Device constraints in the s-domain 297 Independent and dependent sources 297 Passive elements: Resistors, capacitors, and inductors 297 Op-amp devices 299 Impedance and admittance 299 Seeing How Basic Circuit Analysis Works in the s-Domain 300 Applying voltage division with series circuits 300 Turning to current division for parallel circuits 302 Conducting Complex Circuit Analysis in the s-Domain 303 Using node-voltage analysis 303 Using mesh-current analysis 304 Using superposition and proportionality 305 Using the Thévenin and Norton equivalents 309 Chapter 18: Focusing on the Frequency Responses 313 Describing the Frequency Response and Classy Filters 314 Low-pass filter 315 High-pass filter 316 Band-pass filters 316 Band-reject filters 317 Plotting Something: Showing Frequency Response à la Bode 318 Looking at a basic Bode plot 319 Poles, zeros, and scale factors: Picturing Bode plots from transfer functions 320 Turning the Corner: Making Low-Pass and High-Pass Filters with RC Circuits 325 First-order RC low-pass filter (LPF) 325 First-order RC high-pass filter (HPF) 326 Creating Band-Pass and Band-Reject Filters with RLC or RC Circuits 327 Getting serious with RLC series circuits 327 RLC series band-pass filter (BPF) 327 RLC series band-reject filter (BRF) 330 Climbing the ladder with RLC parallel circuits 330 RC only: Getting a pass with a band-pass and band-reject filter 332 Part VI: The Part of Tens 335 Chapter 19: Ten Practical Applications for Circuits 337 Potentiometers 337 Homemade Capacitors: Leyden Jars 338 Digital-to-Analog Conversion Using Op Amps 338 Two-Speaker Systems 338 Interface Techniques Using Resistors 338 Interface Techniques Using Op Amps 339 The Wheatstone Bridge 339 Accelerometers 339 Electronic Stud Finders 340 555 Timer Circuits 340 Chapter 20: Ten Technologies Affecting Circuits 341 Smartphone Touchscreens 341 Nanotechnology 341 Carbon Nanotubes 342 Microelectromechanical Systems 342 Supercapacitors 343 The Memristor 343 Superconducting Digital Electronics 343 Wide Bandgap Semiconductors 343 Flexible Electronics 344 Microelectronic Chips that Pair Up with Biological Cells 344 Index 345

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Book SynopsisOliver Sacks was born in 1933 in London and was educated at Queen's College, Oxford. He completed his medical training at San Francisco's Mount Zion Hospital and at UCLA before moving to New York, where he soon encountered the patients whom he would write about in his book Awakenings.Dr Sacks spent almost fifty years working as a neurologist and wrote many books, including The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat, Musicophilia, and Hallucinations, about the strange neurological predicaments and conditions of his patients. The New York Times referred to him as 'the poet laureate of medicine', and over the years he received many awards, including honours from the Guggenheim Foundation, the National Science Foundation, the American Academy of Arts and Letters, and the Royal College of Physicians. In 2008, he was appointed Commander of the British Empire. His memoir, On the Move, was published shortly before his death in August 2015.Trade ReviewThis is a wonderful book, made better by Sacks' exceptionally gentle descriptions of patients. He also captures the unimaginable sadness of the Pacific. * Spectator *There is no one at the present time who writes like Oliver Sacks . . . He is a superb clinician who can take a seemingly arid and obscure medical condition, and convert it into a moving, personal odyssey, a testament of tenacity, courage and will. * Literary Review *Dr Sacks is an elegant and beguiling writer, and when he describes a condition such as achromatopsia (total colour-blindness), he is not content merely to describe it from the outside, but he tries to imagine what the world is like to a person with the condition. * Sunday Telegraph *

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Book SynopsisDinosaurs are fascinating creatures and their popularity seems never ending, fuelled by films such as Jurassic Park and documentaries such as Walking with Dinosaurs. Yet dinosaurs (or more precisely non-avian dinosaurs) last trod the Earth 65 million years ago. All we know of them today are their fossilised bones, the tracks and traces that they left behind and, in very rare instances, some of the soft tissues or even traces of their chemistry. In many respects dinosaurs present us with one of the ultimate forensic challenges: they comprise the fragmentary remains of creatures that died many tens of millions of years ago, rather than just recently, or a few tens of years ago, which is the problem usually faced by forensic pathologists. How much do we really know about them, and to what extent can their remains inform us about ancient worlds, and indeed about the history of our planet?In this Very Short Introduction David Norman discusses how dinosaurs were first discovered and interpreTrade ReviewDinosaurs: A Very Short Introduction is anything but. Instead, Dave Norman's book is a tour de force on the latest research on these terribly great reptiles, much of it by himself. An excellent read!! * David B. Weishampel, Senior Editor, The Dinosauria *Table of ContentsINTRODUCTION; REFERENCES; FURTHER READING; INDEX

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Book SynopsisHow does a single-cell creature, such as an amoeba, lead such a sophisticated life? How does it hunt living prey, respond to lights, sounds, and smells, and display complex sequences of movements without the benefit of a nervous system? This book offers a startling and original answer.Trade Review"'Whilst Bray doesn't shy away from using unfamiliar terms they are always explained in context. For a book delving into systems biology and comparing specific examples of biological processes to computational systems that's quite a welcome surprise... The style is elegant and very readable.' Celia Gitterman, Chemistry World 'Biology and information lie at the heart of a new scientific revolution. In this timely and illuminating volume, Dennis Bray passionately weaves a compelling case for a computational view of life.' Martyn Amos, author of Genesis Machines: The New Science of Biocomputing"

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Book SynopsisPeter Atkins captures the heart of chemistry in this book, through an innovative, closely integrated design of images and text, and his characteristically clear, precise, and economical exposition. Explaining the processes involved in chemical reactions, he begins by introducing a ''tool kit'' of basic reactions, such as precipitation, corrosion, and catalysis, and concludes by showing how these building blocks are brought together in more complex processes such as photosynthesis, to provide a concise and intellectually rewarding introduction to the private life of atoms.Trade Reviewthe perfect antidote to science phobia. * Booklist *Table of ContentsPREFACE; A PRELIMINARY COMMENT: WATER; THE BASIC TOOLS; ASSEMBLING THE WORKSHOP; BUILDING FOR DESIGN; A RETROSPECTIVE: BRINGING IT ALL TOGETHER; GLOSSARY; INDEX

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Book SynopsisHow can something as complex as a human body create itself from a single fertilized egg? Drawing on ideas from physics and network theory as well as genetics and embryology, Jamie Davies describes the fascinating picture emerging from the latest research, in which complexity builds up through 'adaptive self-organization'.Trade ReviewReview from previous edition A demanding but wonder-filled account of the simple interactions that create complex structures * New Scientist *Table of ContentsAcknowledgements ; Ethical Statement ; Introduction ; 1. Confronting an alien technology ; 2. From one cell to many ; 3. Making a difference ; 4. Laying down a body plan ; 5. Beginning a brain ; 6. Long division ; 7. Fateful conversations ; 8. Great migrations ; 9. Plumbing ; 10. Organizing organs ; 11. Taking up arms ; 12. The Y and how ; 13. Wired ; 14. Dying to be human ; 15. Making your mind up ; 16. A sense of proportion ; 17. Making friends and facing enemies ; 18. Maintenance mode ; 19. Perspectives ; Glossary ; Further reading ; References

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Book SynopsisHugh Everett III's "Many Worlds" theory is now considered a hugely important breakthrough in the history of physics. This book tells the story of the physics establishment's rejection of his theory, his subsequent Pentagon career in nuclear strategy, and his difficult personal life and eventual death from alcoholism.Trade ReviewThe Many Worlds of Hugh Everett III deserves to be widely read. It is comprehensive as a biography; satisfactory as an introduction to Everettian Quantum Mechanics; illuminating as a study in the psychology of physicists and of operations researchers; and engaging as a human story. I recommend it to anyone with an interest in quantum theory. * Alastair Wilson, Metascience *The book provides new insights into the development and the later Renaissance of the "many worlds" theory. I am recommending the anthology to anyone interested in the theory's physical or philosophical implications, and in the pro and con arguments [...] * Alexander Pawlak, Physik Journal *Byrne's narrative compels serious attention, contains much important new material, is greatly enlivened and enhanced by his eagle eye for the telling quotation, and is always interesting and often convincing. It should intrigue any student of twentieth century physics, and is also a valuable resource for anyone concerned with the broader eduction of the scientists and the impact narrowly scientific ways of thinking can have on scientists themselves and on the wider world. * Adrian Kent, American Journal of Physics *Vivid and thoroughly researched. Byrne does an admirable job of weaving together quantum mechanics, nuclear war games and the disintegration of a dysfunctional family in this tale of a talented scientist, but morally compromised man. * Manjit Kumar *The book offers a valuable source of primary information about Everett's life and work, with much material not available elsewhere, [and] fleshes out an important part of the quantum physics story. * Science News *Peter Byrne's meticulously researched biography provides a detailed and intimate look at one of the most seminal figures in 20th century physics and mathematics ... it is a remarkable and long-overdue biography. * Ian T. Durham, The Quantum Times *Offers a valuable source of primary information about Everetts life and work, with much material not available elsewhere ... this book fleshes out an important part of the quantum physics story. * Tom Siegfried, ScienceNews *The many worlds theory is still garish after all these years. Nevertheless, it is fascinating to read the story of its creator, himself too obsessed with models to intersect effectively with the real world. * Robert P. Crease, Nature *Byrne does an excellent job of explaining the theory, why it is necessary and the difficulties it solves (and doesn't). [...] Byrne does not patronise his readers with superficial pen portraits of his characters. We get to know the characters by what they say and what they do. And they say and do some truly remarkable things. [...] This is a strangely beautiful story, expertly told with the dignity, candour and attention to detail it deserves. * New Scientist *The effort Byrne has put in to understanding the man is impressive ... * Robert Matthews, BBC Focus Magazine *In this biography, Peter Byrne bravely explores both the life and the science of Hugh Everett, the brilliant creator of the "many worlds" concept who burned himself out at an early age. As Byrne makes clear, Everett's startling achievements in physics stood against his startling deficiencies as a husband and father. * Kenneth W. Ford, retired director, American Institute of Physics *This book has the potential to become the definitive biography of one of the finest minds of the twentieth century. * David Deutsch FRS, Oxford University *In this extraordinarily personal biography, Peter Byrne masterfully conveys the life, struggles, achievements, and failures of this fascinating man, whose insights in physics created a new understanding of quantum mechanics, whose secret work helped usher us through the Cold War, and whose inner battles led to his own destruction. * A. Garrett Lisi, physicist, author of 'An Exceptionally Simple Theory of Everything' *We are grateful to Peter Byrne for this remarkable and remarkably sad story of the life and science of Hugh Everett III. Gifted, but late-to-be-recognized, Everett, while still in his twenties, proposed a new, now somewhat fashionable, interpretation of the quantum theory--the often rediscovered and often misinterpreted, so called, many worlds theory. Byrne gives a lucid and accessible account of many aspects of what has been an extraordinarily puzzling question that has bedeviled the quantum theory since its origin. And he does this with a warts and all reconstruction of Everett's life. An impressive achievement. * Leon N. Cooper, Nobel Prize in Physics, 1972 *Peter Byrne has the skills of a seasoned journalist: an eye for a story, a knack for turning up improbable interviews and previously undiscovered manuscripts, and a thoroughly engaging style. His target here is inherently interesting, and the resulting story is a remarkable achievement. * Jeff Barrett, Professor of Logic and Philosophy of Science; University of California, Irvine *This is an exciting book about a man who was ahead of his time by decades, although he did no more than logically apply a well-established theory against all prejudice. Peter Byrne has done an excellent job in unearthing documents, most of them unknown, about the history of Everett's ideas, their reception by the leading physicists from 1957 until today, and the consequences this had for Everett's life. * H. Dieter Zeh, University of Heidelberg *Table of ContentsBOOK 1: BEGINNINGS; BOOK 2: GAME WORLD; BOOK 3: QUANTUM WORLD; BOOK 4: EVERETT AND WHEELER; BOOK 5: POSSIBLE WORLD FUTURES; BOOK 6: CROSSROADS; BOOK 7: ASSURED DESTRUCTION; BOOK 8: TRANSITIONS; BOOK 9: BELTWAY BANDIT; BOOK 10: MANY WORLDS REBORN; BOOK 11: AMERICAN TRAGEDY; BOOK 12: EVERETT'S LEGACY; BOOK 1: BEGINNINGS; BOOK 2: GAME WORLD; BOOK 3: QUANTUM WORLD; BOOK 4: EVERETT AND WHEELER; BOOK 5: POSSIBLE WORLD FUTURES; BOOK 6: CROSSROADS; BOOK 7: ASSURED DESTRUCTION; BOOK 8: TRANSITIONS; BOOK 9: BELTWAY BANDIT; BOOK 10: MANY WORLDS REBORN; BOOK 11: AMERICAN TRAGEDY; BOOK 12: EVERETT'S LEGACY

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Book SynopsisStart Small, Think Big is a primary-science picture book series that takes young readers from the small and familiar to new areas of knowledge where they need to think big! Flying, Fluffy Seed is about the life cycle of a dandelion plant told clearly and carefully to build knowledge about plants. With a big fold-out map.

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Book SynopsisThe most up-to-date and comprehensive photographic field guide to Madagascar''s mammals.The island of Madagascar is home to one of the most remarkable assemblages of mammals on earth, thanks to millions of years of isolation, and no other island or place on earth boasts such a combination of species richness and endemism. Field Guide to Mammals of Madagascar describes all native species found on the island, including bats, tenrecs, mice and lemurs, as well as a small number of introduced, non-native species. Detailed species accounts cover description and identification, habitat and distribution, behaviour and where to see; a detailed distribution map for each species is also included. Supporting chapters cover the island''s regions and habitats, threats to mammals, conservation and important mammal watching sites. The book is fully illustrated throughout with exceptional, high-quality photography, including species rarely photographed previousl

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Book SynopsisAn awe-inspiring journey through the eons and across the globe in search of visible traces of evolution in the living creatures that have survived from earlier times.In this groundbreaking book, prize-winning science writer Richard Fortey chronicles life's history not through the fossil record, but through the stories of organisms that have survived, almost unchanged, through geological time.Fortey takes us on a journey to ancient worlds: on a moonlit beach in Delaware where the horseshoe crab shuffles its way through a violent romance, we catch a glimpse of life 450 million years ago. Along a stretch of Australian coastline, we bear witness to the sights and sounds that would have greeted a Precambrian dawn. And, in the dense rainforests of New Zealand, where the secretive velvet worm burrows into the rotting timber of the jungle floor, we marvel at a living fossil which has survived unchanged since before the break-up of Gondwana, the ancient supercontinent, over 150 million years agTrade Review‘I was thrilled by Survivors…. Reading Richard Fortey is always pure pleasure.’ Bill Bryson ‘Fortey has a unique way with the most humble of lifeforms and an infectious curiosity that can slide into near rapture’ Evening Standard ‘An epic, globe-circling scientific adventure story … intriguing. Entertaining, accessible and intensely stimulating – and highly recommended’ Sunday Times ‘A great story, and no one is better equipped than Fortey to tell it. Excellent natural history’ Guardian ‘Unequivocally my book of the year, a happy mix of global travel, high art and very low life’ Tim Radford, Books of the Year, Guardian ‘An elegant celebration’ TLS

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Book SynopsisThe definitive edition of Darwin's classic a brilliantly entertaining and accessible exploration of human and animal behaviour, reissued to mark the 200th anniversary of Darwin's birth.Why do we bite people we feel affection towards? Why do dogs wag their tails? Or cats purr? Why do we get embarrassed, and why does embarrassment make us blush? These and many other questions about the emotional life of man and animals are answered in this remarkable book.Expression is the only book in which Darwin sketches out his revolutionary ideas about human behaviour in detail: he discusses childhood learning, insanity, painting and sculpture, animal behaviour and the differences in facial expression of the world's peoples.Trade Review‘This is Darwin’s most readable and human book, full of enchanting observations, provocative theories and remarkable photographs. This splendid new edition of Expression will introduce a new generation of readers to Darwin’s masterpiece, undiminished and intensely relevant even 125 years after publication.’Oliver Sacks, author of The Man who Mistook his Wife for a Hat ‘The Expression of the Emotions predates Freud, and it will still be illuminating human psychology long after Freud’s discrediting is complete.’Richard Dawkins, author of The Selfish Gene and The God Delusion ‘The appearance of this new edition of Darwin’s extraordinary book is a major event in the human sciences. Here Darwin reminds us of his astonishing gifts of observation and explanation, offering insights that are delightful and fresh over a century later. Paul Ekman’s reconstruction of this edition is an act of great scholarship. Everyone interested in emotion – and who isn’t? – should be grateful to Ekman for this book.’Steven Pinker, author of The Language Instinct

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Book SynopsisDevoted to the foundation of mechanics, namely classical Newtonian mechanics, this mechanics text is based mainly on Galileo's principle of relativity and Hamilton's principle of least action. The exposition is simple and leads to a complete and direct means of solving problems in mechanics.Trade Review"The Landau and Lifshitz series is almost uniformly excellent... the level is appropriate in advanced undergraduate or beginning graduate students" --Philip B Burt, Clemson University, USA "An outstanding book for advanced students" --John H Lienhard, MIT University, USATable of ContentsThe equations of motion; Conservation laws; Integration of equations of motions; Collisions between particles; Small oscillations; Motion of a rigid body; Canonical equations.

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Book SynopsisStandardization is one of the defining aspects of modern life, its presence so pervasive that it is usually taken for granted. However cumbersome, onerous, or simply puzzling certain standards may be, their fundamental purpose in streamlining...Trade Review"Standards and Their Stories is an important, well-written, and extraordinarily provocative examination of a part of the world usually hidden from any sort of public view. The authors show how much of what we take for granted is the result of negotiation, compromise, and occasionally coercion. They do so by inventing a suite of new and innovative research methods. As a result, this book is likely to become not only 'the standard' for studies of this sort but also the starting point for new ways of investigating sociotechnical processes."—Lawrence Busch, Michigan State University"I sat down to read the book, read the first page, and paused while my face broke into a smile and a comfortable warm feeling came over my body. Yup, this was going to be a great book. Further reading confirmed the impression. Standards rule our lives. Yeah, standards, that dull, frustrating, topic studied by 'The Society of People Interested in Boring Things.' But this book proves that far from being dull, the stories behind standards are interesting, insightful, and revealing of the workings of bureaucracy. Standards are essential for different stuff made by different companies in different countries to work well together. Whether it is bananas or chocolate, application forms for terrorist training, or the sizes of people's rear ends (critical for airline seats), standards are essential part of life today (all these are covered in the book). This engaging book serves several purposes. It explains much of the history, rationale, and politics of standards. It shows why they have huge social impact, far beyond what most of us realize, often far beyond what was intended. And best of all, it is fun to read."—Don Norman, Northwestern University, author of The Design of Future Things

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Book SynopsisTrade ReviewPraise for the first edition "Biologists . . . have been relatively slow to take advantage of enhanced computing power and unlock the potential of these techniques. This book removes any excuse."—Frontiers of Biogeography"This volume would be an excellent text for an introductory course in modeling as science, or for self-study by a mature researcher interested in learning about this important new way of doing science."—H. Van Dyke Parunak, JASSS"This book represents something I have been [awaiting] for some years now: a good and solid introduction to the field of individual- and agent-based models. . . . The book is not only a practical guide but also serves as a good introduction to the basics of 'healthy' programming. These authors are the right ones to do this as they have a strong background in the philosophical aspects as well as the practical issues of modelling."—Basic and Applied Ecology"Agent-Based and Individual-Based Modeling has the potential to foster an appreciation of the value and place of individual-based models in our field in the next generation of emerging ecologists."—Christopher X. Jon Jensen, Ecology

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Book SynopsisThis accessible new text introduces the theoretical concepts and tools essential for graduate courses on the physics of materials. A range of traditional and modern topics are covered, with applications, exercises, color illustrations, online slides and solutions for instructors, and appendices reviewing fundamental physics and mathematical tools.Trade Review'This book elucidates the essentials of practical electronic structure theory utilized under the hood of commonly employed electronic structure codes, revealed with a clarity and succinctness that only these authors with many decades of experience at the research forefront can provide. This masterpiece is essential reading for researchers engaged in modern materials research, including recent topics in topological constraints and two-dimensional materials.' Evan Reed, Materials Computation and Theory Group, Stanford University'This is a wonderful book clearly explaining essential concepts of the quantum theory of materials. It should become a classic text in this field.' Marvin Cohen, University of California, Berkeley'A must-read for aspiring scientists and engineers in the age of interdisciplinary nanoscale science and technology. Two renowned masters in materials physics have opened the depth of condensed matter physics theories to the communities of condensed matter physics, materials science, physical chemistry, and chemical engineering!' Kyeongjae Cho, University of Texas, Dallas'Written by two leaders in the field … the book features a clear exposition of solid- state physics' fundamental theoretical principles, an excellent account of modern computational approaches and applications, and a first- rate introduction to modern topological concepts and their role in shaping the dynamics of Bloch electrons. Because of the authors' clarity, focus on basic principles, and thoughtful choice of examples, Quantum Theory of Materials serves as a top-notch introduction to solid-state physics not only for physicists but also for chemists, engineers, and materials scientists.' Roberto Car, Princeton UniversityTable of Contents1. From atoms to solids; 2. Electrons in crystals: translational periodicity; 3. Symmetries beyond translational periodicity; 4. From many-particles to the single-particle picture; 5. Electronic properties of crystals; 6. Electronic excitations; 7. Lattice vibrations and deformations; 8. Phonon interactions; 9. Dynamics and topological constraints; 10. Magnetic behavior of solids; Appendix A: mathematical tools; Appendix B: classical electrodynamics; Appendix C: quantum mechanics; Appendix D: thermodynamics and statistical mechanics.

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Book SynopsisA field guide to seawatching specifically designed to address the particular problems and limitations with this kind of birding. Photographs are included of all European seabirds in flight.Seawatching can present identification difficulties to even the most experienced birdwatcher, and demands a specialised set of skills and strategies to deal with the challenges of bad weather and poor visibility. The rewards can be great; many species of seabird live exclusively at sea outside their breeding seasons, while many others undertake regular coastal migrations.At established watchpoints'' around European coastlines, patient observation may reveal spectacular numbers of passing seabirds, while today the growing popularity of whale-watching and pelagic'' boat excursions makes it possible to get closer to many offshore species.This unique field guide is indispensable to all birdwatchers who seawatch, whether from land or at sea, and will greatly enhance their experience.Trade Review'Brilliant! I have been waiting half my birding life for this book - and here it is, as good as I could hope to expect.' fatbirder.com 'This book is an excellent help... a must for anyone wanting to get to grips with identifying birds at sea.' BTO News (July/August 2007) 'The book acts as a primer for beginners and a tester for the experienced... a real bargain - don't go seawatching without it.' Bird Watching (September 2007) 'Ultimately it is this distilled expert knowledge and the great experience of the very enthusiastic authors which provides the real value of the book and makes it a truly excellent resource.' Scottish Bird News (December 2007)

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Book SynopsisA Sunday Times Book of the Year From the author of the international bestseller How to Teach Quantum Physics to Your Dog Your humble alarm clock, digital cameras, the smell of coffee, the glow of a grill, fibre broadband, smoke detectors… all hold secrets about quantum physics. Beginning at sunrise, Chad Orzel reveals the extraordinary science that underpins the simplest activities we all do every day, from making toast to shopping online. It’s all around us, the wonderful weirdness of quantum – you just have to know where to look.Trade Review‘[A] fine example of scientific passion.’ * Sunday Times, Books of the Year *‘Informative and friendly.’ * New York Times *‘Physics is everywhere and in everything, and no one explains physics better than Chad Orzel. This book is a meal for your mind.’ -- John Scalzi, author of The Rough Guide to the Universe‘Orzel is the perfect guide to the world of atoms and photons, demonstrating that even our morning breakfast rituals are not possible without the wonders of modern physics.’ -- James Kakalios, author of The Physics of Superheroes and The Physics of Everyday Things‘As Chad Orzel wonderfully shows in Breakfast with Einstein, a full gamut of our commonplace daily activities – from boiling water [on the stove]…to taking and exchanging photos with our electronic cameras and phones – depends on quantum rules… A must-read for anyone fascinated with how the quantum revolution explains how things work.’ -- Paul Halpern, author of The Quantum Labyrinth

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Book SynopsisOffers an introduction to galactic astrophysics to advanced undergraduate students, graduate students, and researchers. This book covers topics including N-body simulation methods, black holes in stellar systems, linear stability and response theory, and galaxy formation in the cosmological context.Trade ReviewJames Binney, Winner of the 2013 Eddington Medal, Royal Astronomical Society "All astronomers and dynamicists should acquire and read this impressive book. It is both readable and rigorous: destined to become a classic landmark in the subject."--Times Higher Education Supplement "[T]his book has no peers."--Nature "[The] material is covered with care, rigor, and exemplary clarity; there is nothing obscure, sloppy, or superficial. The authors are, moreover, careful to make clear the limits of present knowledge, and to point out where conclusions cannot yet be drawn... I expect it to stand as a classic reference for many years to come."--Richard B. Larson, American Scientist "Binney and Tremaine have done a major service to astronomers and physicists alike by producing a magnificent book that will make this fascinating subject much more accessible. This is undoubtedly the best book from which to learn the subject."--Donald Lynden-Bell, Physics Today "[A]n excellent book--big and fat, and containing everything you ever wanted to know about stellar dynamics... This book must become a landmark in the field."--New Scientist "Do make sure that you are familiar with this volume, for you will not be disappointed. James Binney and Scott Tremaine have done the astronomical community a great service in compiling this second edition. It is a masterpiece."--Michael Perryman, Planetary and Space Science "[T]his is a great book, already evident from the fact that since its 1st edition nobody has attempted to rival it. It is an absolute must for everybody, from PhD students to senior researchers, whose studies touch upon the subject of galaxy dynamics. A great strength of this book ... lies in Binney & Tremaine's ability to explain even the most complicated of concepts and arguments in a straightforward and logical way."--Walter Dehnen, The Observatory "Grab yourself a copy of Galactic Dynamics and buckle up lads and lassies. Don't forget the protective head gear and the strong coffee--it's going to be one hell of a rough ride; but hang on there, and together we can boldly go where no man (or woman for that matter) has gone before."--Gerard Mc Mahon, Astronomy and Space Magazine "The second edition of Galactic Dynamics is a successful revision of its 1987 predecessor and will long be a reference for those working on galaxies. Astronomers teaching advanced courses in galactic dynamics will also use it widely, in part because it includes an expanded collection of interesting and demanding problems for teaching and consolidation of the wealth of material presented in the book."--Ken Freeman, Physics TodayTable of ContentsPreface xiii Chapter 1. Introduction 1 1.1 An overview of the observations 5 1.2 Collisionless systems and the relaxation time 33 The relaxation time 34 1.3 The cosmological context 37 Chapter 2. Potential Theory 55 2.1 General results 56 The potential-energy tensor 59 2.2 Spherical systems 60 2.3 Potential-density pairs for attened systems 72 2.4 Multipole expansion 78 2.5 The potentials of spheroidal and ellipsoidal systems 83 2.6 The potentials of disks 96 2.7 The potential of our Galaxy 110 2.8 Potentials from functional expansions 118 2.9 Poisson solvers for N-body codes 122 Chapter 3. The Orbits of Stars 142 3.1 Orbits in static spherical potentials 143 3.2 Orbits in axisymmetric potentials 159 3.3 Orbits in planar non-axisymmetric potentials 171 3.4 Numerical orbit integration 196 3.5 Angle-action variables 211 3.6 Slowly varying potentials 237 3.7 Perturbations and chaos 243 3.8 Orbits in elliptical galaxies 262 Chapter 4. Equilibria of Collisionless Systems 274 4.1 The collisionless Boltzmann equation 275 4.2 Jeans theorems 283 4.3 DFs for spherical systems 287 4.4 DFs for axisymmetric density distributions 312 4.5 DFs for razor-thin disks 329 4.6 Using actions as arguments of the DF 333 4.7 Particle-based and orbit-based models 338 4.8 The Jeans and virial equations 347 4.9 Stellar kinematics as a mass detector 365 4.10 The choice of equilibrium 376 Chapter 5. Stability of Collisionless Systems 394 5.1 Introduction 394 5.2 The response of homogeneous systems 401 5.3 General theory of the response of stellar systems 417 5.4 The energy principle and secular stability 423 5.5 The response of spherical systems 432 5.6 The stability of uniformly rotating systems 439 Chapter 6. Disk Dynamics and Spiral Structure 456 6.1 Fundamentals of spiral structure 458 6.2 Wave mechanics of differentially rotating disks 481 6.3 Global stability of differentially rotating disks 505 6.4 Damping and excitation of spiral structure 518 6.5 Bars 528 6.6 Warping and buckling of disks 539 Chapter 7. Kinetic Theory 554 7.1 Relaxation processes 555 7.2 General results 559 7.3 The thermodynamics of self-gravitating systems 567 7.4 The Fokker Planck approximation 573 7.5 The evolution of spherical stellar systems 596 7.6 Summary 633 Chapter 8. Collisions and Encounters of Stellar Systems 639 8.1 Dynamical friction 643 8.2 High-speed encounters 655 8.3 Tides 674 8.4 Encounters in stellar disks 685 8.5 Mergers 695 Chapter 9. Galaxy Formation 716 9.1 Linear structure formation 717 9.2 Nonlinear structure formation 733 9.3 N-body simulations of clustering 751 9.4 Star formation and feedback 760 9.5 Conclusions 765 Appendices A. Useful numbers 770 B. Mathematical background 771 C. Special functions 785 D. Mechanics 792 E. Delaunay variables for Kepler orbits 805 F. Fluid mechanics 807 G. Discrete Fourier transforms 818 H. The Antonov Lebovitz theorem 822 I. The Doremus Feix Baumann theorem 823 J. Angular-momentum transport in disks 825 K. Derivation of the reduction factor 830 L. The diffusion coefficients 833 M. The distribution of binary energies 838 References 842 Index 857

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Book SynopsisSince the first edition of The Science of Sugar Confectionery (2000), the confectionery industry has responded to ever-changing consumer habits. This new edition has been thoroughly revised to reflect industry’s response to market driven nutrition and dietary concerns, as well as changes in legislation, labelling, and technology. Building on the strengths of the first edition, the author’s personal knowledge and experience of the sugar confectionery industry is used to provide a thorough and accessible account of the field. Written so the reader needs no more than a rudimentary level of chemistry, this book covers the basic definitions, commonly used and new ingredients in the industry. It then discusses the various types of sugar confectionery including "sugar glasses" (boiled sweets), "grained sugar products" (fondants), toffees and fudges, "hydrocolloids" (gums, pastilles and jellies) and concludes with a new chapter on future outlooks. Featuring expanded coverage of special dietary needs, covering topics such as vegetarianism and veganism, religious requirements and supplemented products, this new edition reflects current and evolving needs in the sugar confectionery field.Trade ReviewIn this second edition he deals, thoroughly, with the changes that have come about since the first edition in 2000, including dietary concerns and changes in legislation, labelling and technology. This is not a book that apologies for its subject matter, and it covers all aspects of an important industry producing a large range of products. -- John Emsley * Chemistry and Industry Issue 03 2019 *'Sweets for my sweet, sugar for my honey', so sang The Searchers pop group in 1963, and it seemed an innocent way of praising a loved one. Unthinkable today, of course, since sugar is regarded as something to be avoided at all costs, and now to be taxed when added to soft drinks. Sugar is seen as a major contributor to obesity and Type-2 diabetes, conditions which are becoming more prevalent. This is not the first time that sugar has come under attack. Almost 50 years ago, in 1972, John Yudkin's bestseller, 'Pure, white, and deadly', sugar was deemed the carbohydrate of which we consumed far too much in the UK, adding it in spoonfuls to the many cups of tea we drank every day. Sugar is still a major ingredient in sweets, and these are the subject of chemist William Edward's book, The Science of Sugar Confectionery. In this second edition he deals, thoroughly, with the changes that have come about since the first edition in 2000, including diertary concerns and changes in legislation, labelling and technology. This is not a book that apologises for its subject matter, and it covers all aspects of an important industry producing a large range of products. Edwards devotes a chapter that includes a section on dieting, calorie-counting and weight-loss regimes, which regard sweets as something to be avoided. Yet sweetness is a sensation that we are genetically disposed to like, even to crave. Many chemists work in the food-related industries, and a number of them will no doubt work for companies that produce sweets. They will be aware of ingredients, which have come under attack in recent years, such as colourants, flavours, and preservatives - and all are a possible threat to health. Edwards deals with them in detail and points out that more effort has been put into tackling these issues than ever went into formulating the traditional sweets in the first place. And not without success, as in the case of the ever popular Rowntree's Fruit Pastilles. These famous treats continue to be sold because its creators have been able to modify the ingredients to make them acceptable - at least for now. -- John Emsley * Chemistry and Industry Issue 03 2019 *Table of ContentsIntroduction; Basic Science; Nutrition; Ingredients; Emulsifiers, Colours and Flavours; Confectionery Plant; Sugar Glasses in the Chemistry of Boiled Sweets; Grained Sugar Products; Pan Coating; Toffees and Caramels; Gums, Gelled Products and Liquorice; Chewing Gum; Aerated Products; Sugar-free Confectionery; Lozenges; Tabletting; Experiments; The Future

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Book SynopsisThrough lively prose and photos, this revised edition of Uncorked unlocks the door to what champagne is all about.Trade ReviewWinner of the 2005 Best Book in the World on French Wine, Gourmand World Cookbook Awards Winner of the 2004 Award for Best Professional/Scholarly Book in Physics and Astronomy, Association of American Publishers Praise for the previous edition: "[This] jewel-of-a-book makes the perfect companion gift to a bottle of bubbly... Written by a passionate, wine-loving physicist with just the proper level of jargon for non-scientists, the birth, rise and bursting of a Champagne bubble is scrutinized, rhapsodized, diagrammed, photographed and, finally, demystified... Knowing more about a bubble's lowly birth (formed from debris on the side of the glass) and ephemeral rise to fame will only serve to make you love it more."--Claudia Conlon, Wine News Praise for the previous edition: "This book presents the birth, life and death of a champagne bubble with such gusto, good humor and clarity that you will devour its delicious contents in one gulp. Whereas good champagne is to be sipped, this book is not. You will never experience the sensual elegance of champagne in quite the same way again once you have read this entertaining account of its history and 'fizzics.'"--Richard N. Zare, Nature Praise for the previous edition: "A highly entertaining introduction to the science of champagne bubbles... Uncorked is very readable, and Liger-Belair's clear and simple descriptions of the physics are superbly suitable for a general audience. The book is also very aesthetically pleasing, making it an ideal present for wine lovers and bores alike."--Stuart West, Science Praise for the previous edition: "Uncorked is an interesting, enjoyable read for anyone who has gazed too long upon a champagne-filled flute."--Gregory Mone, Popular Science Praise for the previous edition: "Liger-Belair, a physicist inspired to study bubbles by a brainstorm over a beer, delves into a champagne flute with a curiosity as strong as his microscope. The result is a book as informative as it is engaging, boosted by the gorgeous, up-close photos of bubbles in motion."--Tara Q. Thomas, Denver Post Praise for the previous edition: "A delightfully readable little book."--Joanna Simon, Sunday Times--London Praise for the previous edition: "[A] convivial examination of the party season's favorite tipple."--Paul Nettleton, Guardian Praise for the previous edition: "The ultimate guide to the 'fizzics' of sparkling wine."--Deborah Scoblionkov, Philadelphia InquirerTable of ContentsForeword ix 1 Introduction 1 2 The History of Champagne 7 3 The Making of Champagne 19 4 A Flute or a Goblet? 31 5 The Birth of a Bubble 37 6 The Bubble Rises 59 7 The Bubble Bursts 85 8 The Future of Champagne Wines 133 Afterword 143 Glossary 183 Bibliography 185 Acknowledgments 188 Index 189

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Book SynopsisThe fascinating lives and puzzling demise of some of the largest animals on earth.Trade Review"Ross McPhee's End of the Megafauna is a marvellous survey of what we know about the magnificent creatures who shared our world just 12,000 years ago, and he is brilliantly served by the superb illustrations of Australian artist Peter Schouten. There are also excellent maps and diagrams, helping you remember the difference between your Pleistocene and Holocene. The book is also a compelling, sometimes demanding and scientifically rigorous detective story." -- The Sunday Times"Palaeomammalogist Ross MacPhee examines the theories, such as human over-hunting, climate change, emergent infections and food-web disruption; articulates the ongoing debate around them and what that might tell us about today’s biodiversity crisis; and takes a look at de-extinction. Packed with evocative artwork by Peter Schouten." -- Nature"In End of the Megafauna, palaeontologist Ross MacPhee explores the current hypotheses, weighing up the evidence with academic rigour and delivering it with pop-science clarity." -- BBC Wildlife"Delving far deeper into the subject matter than anything you would have likely experienced before, this is a fascinating examination of a long-forgotten past and proof that giant life didn't end with the dinosaurs. A great gift for those who like their history with bite." -- How It Works"... highly readable book..." -- The British Association of Nature Conservationists Magazine

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Book SynopsisReveals the simple techniques needed to estimate virtually anything and illustrates them using an eclectic array of problems. This title shows how to estimate everything from how closely you can orbit a neutron star without being pulled apart by gravity, to the fuel used to transport your food from the farm to the store.Trade Review"This follow-up to the popular Guesstimation offers more on the joy of mathematical estimation, and inspiration for the budding analyst."--Nature "The books do a wonderful job at helping the reader to master the craft."--Cut the Knot Insights "A delightful volume... I hope to be able to use many of the tricks I learned in the future. I also hope to teach some of them to students. This would make a great secondary textbook in many classes, ranging from quantitative literacy to a science methods class for future educators. A careful study of this book would certainly improve a student's ability to take a complicated question, break it down into solvable parts, and assemble the parts to find an answer. Because this is quite close to what I want my students to do when faced with a difficult problem in pure mathematics as well, I consider this to be a very valuable book indeed."--Dominic Klyve, MAA Reviews "Guesstimation 2.0: Solving Today's Problems on the Back of a Napkin succeeds where most popular science literature so often fails. This is because it provides its readers with a scientific tool they can use immediately in their everyday lives... [Makes] an excellent addition for the casual scientist, job interviewee, or anyone hoping to impress their friends at a party."--Gabriel Thoumi, Mongabay.com "Readers who enjoyed Weinstein's first volume will be pleased with this instalment."--Choice "Guesstimation 2.0 is a book that was made to mediate between fun and useful... Whether or not a fan of numbers, it's always cool to appear smart, therefore Guesstimation 2.0 is an excellent element to add to one's arsenal."--Sarthak Shankar, Organiser "Certainly a good read for any teacher who enjoys numbers and the world around us."--Mark Hughes, Mathematics Teaching in the Middle School "Guesstimation's problems are fun and engaging in character, and the solutions are intuitive and well explained. Each problem and solution stands independently, and is about four pages long, making the book ideal for passing a quick ten minutes, and easy to pick up and put down. If, like me, you like ill-posed questions to have concrete answers then Guesstimation is definitely a good place to hone your estimation skills!"--Fionntan Roukema, Mathematical SpectrumTable of ContentsAcknowledgments xi Preface xiii 1 How to Solve Problems 1 2 General Questions 11 *2.1 Who unrolled the toilet paper? 13 *2.2 Money height 17 *2.3 Blotting out the Sun 19 *2.4 Really extra-large popcorn 21 *2.5 Building volume 25 *2.6 Mass of money 29 *2.7 A baseball in a glass of beer 33 *2.8 Life on the phone 37 *2.9 Money under the bridge 41 *2.10 Monkeys and Shakespeare 45 *2.11 The titans of siren 49 *2.12 Airheads at the movies 53 *2.13 Heavy cars and heavier people 55 *2.14 Peeing in the pool 59 3 Recycling: What Really Matters? 63 *3.1 Water bottles 67 *3.2 99 bottles of beer on the wall ... 71 *3.3 Can the aluminum 75 *3.4 Paper or plastic? 79 *3.5 Paper doesn't grow on trees! 83 *3.6 The rain in Spain ... 87 *3.7 Bottom feeders 91 *3.8 You light up my life! 95 4 The Five Senses 101 *4.1 Don't stare at the Sun 103 *4.2 Men of vision 105 *4.3 Light a single candle 109 *4.4 Oh say can you see? 113 *4.5 Bigger eyes 117 *4.6 They're watching us! 121 *4.7 Beam the energy down, Scotty! 125 *4.8 Oh say can you hear? 131 *4.9 Heavy loads 135 5 Energy and Work 139 *5.1 Power up the stairs 143 *5.2 Power workout 145 *5.3 Water over the dam 149 *5.4 A hard nut to crack 153 *5.5 Mousetrap cars 155 *5.6 Push hard 159 *5.7 Pumping car tires 161 *5.8 Pumping bike tires 165 *5.9 Atomic bombs and confetti 169 6 Energy and Transportation 173 *6.1 Gas-powered humans 177 *6.2 Driving across country 181 *6.3 Keep on trucking 185 *6.4 Keep on biking 189 *6.5 Keep on training 193 *6.6 Keep on flying 197 *6.7 To pee or not to pee 201 *6.8 Solar-powered cars 205 *6.9 Put a doughnut in your tank 209 *6.10 Perk up your car 213 *6.11 Don't slow down 217 *6.12 Throwing tomatoes 219 7 Heavenly Bodies 223 *7.1 Orbiting the Sun 227 *7.2 Flying off the Earth 229 *7.3 The rings of Earth 233 *7.4 It is not in the stars to hold our destiny 237 *7.5 Orbiting a neutron star 241 *7.6 How high can we jump? 245 *7.7 Collapsing Sun 249 *7.8 Splitting the Moon 253 *7.9 Splitting a smaller moon 257 *7.10 Spinning faster and slower 263 *7.11 Shrinking Sun 267 *7.12 Spinning Earth 271 *7.13 The dinosaur killer and the day 273 *7.14 The Yellowstone volcano and the day 277 *7.15 The orbiting Moon 281 *7.16 The shortest day 283 8 Materials 289 *8.1 Stronger than spider silk 291 *8.2 Beanstalk to orbit 295 *8.3 Bolt failure 299 *8.4 Making mountains out of molecules 303 *8.5 Chopping down a tree 307 9 Radiation 311 *9.1 Nuclear neutrinos 315 *9.2 Neutrinos and you 319 *9.3 Solar neutrinos 323 *9.4 Supernovas can be dangerous 327 *9.5 Reviving ancient bacteria 331 *9.6 Decaying protons 335 *9.7 Journey to the center of the galaxy 337 Appendix A * Dealing with Large Numbers 341 * A.1 Large Numbers 341 * A.2 Precision, Lots of Digits, and Lying 343 * A.3 Numbers and Units 345 Appendix B * Pegs to Hang Things On 347 Bibliography 351 Index 355

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Book SynopsisEnquiry into Plants and De Causis Plantarum by Theophrastus (ca. 370ca. 285 BC) are a counterpart to Aristotle's zoological work and the most important botanical work of antiquity now extant. In the former Theophrastus classifies and describes. His On Odours and Weather Signs are minor treatises.

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Book SynopsisStigler shows how statistics arose from the interplay of mathematical concepts and the needs of several applied sciences. His emphasis is upon how methods of probability theory were developed for measuring uncertainty, for reducing uncertainty, and as a conceptual framework for quantitative studies in the social sciences.Trade ReviewOne is tempted to say that the history of statistics in the nineteenth century will be associated with the name Stigler. -- Morris Kline * New York Times Book Review *An exceptionally searching, almost loving, study of the relevant inspirations and aberrations of its principal characters James Bernoulli, de Moivre, Bayes, Laplace, Gauss, Quetelet, Lexis, Galton, Edgeworth, and Pearson, not neglecting a grand supporting cast… The definitive record of an intellectual Golden Age, an overoptimistic climb to a height not to be maintained. -- M. Stone * Science *In this tour de force of careful scholarship, Stephen Stigler has laid bare the people, ideas, and events underlying the development of statistics… He has written an important and wonderful book… Sometimes Stigler’s prose is so evocative it is almost poetic. -- Howard Wainer * Contemporary Psychology *The book is a pleasure to read: the prose sparkles; the protagonists are vividly drawn; the illustrations are handsome and illuminating; the insights plentiful and sharp. This will remain the definitive work on the early development of mathematical statistics for some time to come. -- Lorraine J. Daston * Journal of Modern History *Stigler’s book exhibits a rare combination of mastery of technical materials, sensitivity to conceptual milieu, and near exhaustive familiarity with primary sources. An exemplary study. -- Lorraine DastonTable of ContentsIntroduction PART 1: The Development of Mathematical Statistics in Astronomy and Geodesy before 1827 1. Least Squares and the Combination of Observations Legendre in 1805 Cotes's Rule Tobias Mayer and the Libration of the Moon Saturn, Jupiter, and Enter Laplace's Rescue of the Solar System Roger Boscovich and the Figure of the Earth Laplace and the Method of Situation Legendre and the Invention of Least Squares 2. Probabilists and the Measurement of Uncertainty Jacob Bernoulli De Moivre and the Expanded Binomial Bernoulli's Failure De Moivre's Approximation De Moivre's Deficiency Simpson and Bayes Simpson's Crucial Step toward Error A Bayesian Critique 3. Inverse Probability Laplace and Inverse Probability The Choice of Means The Deduction of a Curve of Errors in 1772-1774

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Book SynopsisAn Introduction to Digital Photomicrography is written for the hobbyist and the neophyte who wants to take pictures through the microscope. The book includes a description of the parts of the microscope; how to use adjust lighting; types of digital cameras; controls for adjusting digital cameras; choosing a video camera and controls for videography.

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Book SynopsisPolitics in the Twentieth Century was dominated by a single question: how much of our collective life should be determined by the state, and what should be left to the market and civil society?Now the debate is different: to what extent should our lives be directed and controlled by powerful digital systems - and on what terms?Digital technologies - from artificial intelligence to blockchain, from robotics to virtual reality - are transforming the way we live together. Those who control the most powerful technologies are increasingly able to control the rest of us. As time goes on, these powerful entities - usually big tech firms and the state - will set the limits of our liberty, decreeing what may be done and what is forbidden. Their algorithms will determine vital questions of social justice. In their hands, democracy will flourish or decay.A landmark work of political theory, Future Politics challenges readers to rethink what it means to be free or equal, what it means to have poweTrade ReviewThe most interesting exploration yet of the political realities in the digital era. * Matthew d'Ancona, Books of the Year 2018, Evening Standard *He steers a course to the future that is as convincing as it is shocking. * Bryan Appleyard, The Sunday Times *An impressive feat of intellectual organization ... To have written it all down so lucidly, engagingly and succinctly is a formidable achievement. * Raphael Behr, The Guardian *A work of clarity and effortless genius which is a must for anybody seeking to understand the impact of modern technology on our body politic now and in the future. * Robert Rinder Evening Standard *[Susskind] has tremendous talent and the book is very readable. * Tim Stanley, The Telegraph *The tone of this book is as refreshing as the originality of insight. Susskind contends that "that there are causes for both optimism and pessimism, but what the future requires above all is vigilance. * Paschal Donohoe, The Irish Times *Future Politics is a riveting book that sparkles with great ideas ... It is chock full of facts and the book combines knowledge of politics and technology in a unique and fascinating way. * Catherine Balavage, Frost *Superb and necessary book. * Nick Cohen, The Observer *Future Politics should be essential reading for those with the will to anticipate the future challenges facing defence and society. * Wavell Room *Brilliant ... detailed research, colourful examples, and a pacy, upbeat style ... Future Politics will remain relevant for several years. All elected officials should read it as a matter of urgency. * Jamie Bartlett, Catholic Herald *Future Politics challenges readers to rethink what it means to be free or equal, what it means to have power or property, what it means for a political system to be just or democratic, and proposes ways in which we can - and must - regain control. This is no less than a call for a fundamental change in the way we think about politics. * Dominic Lenton, Engineering & Technology *...rigorous and thoughtful book ... * David Patrikarakos, Literary Review *Brilliant and ground-breaking ... It is essential reading for anyone who wants to get to grips with the profound and far-reaching impacts of digital technology on politics. * Paradigm Explorer *Original and thought-provoking, this ground-breaking book challenges us to develop new policies for new times. * Gordon Brown, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, 2007-2010 *Few understand politics. Even fewer understand technology. Susskind is that rare soul who understands both - and more importantly, how the latter will change the former. Whether correct or not - and I believe he is correct - there is no better glimpse into our shared future than this book. * Lawrence Lessig, Roy L. Furman Professor of Law and Leadership, Harvard Law School *This book crackles with ideas, sparking new thoughts with every page. And it is superbly organised, too. It's difficult to help people understand the past, but to help understand the future is a real achievement. Terrific. * Lord Finkelstein, Associate Editor, The Times *From Arendt to artificial intelligence, from Machiavelli to machine learning, Susskind seamlessly weaves modern technology with classic theory to present a tour de force introduction to the future-explaining with erudition and humor the powerful digital systems that will govern our lives. * Beth Simone Noveck, Professor in Technology, Culture and Society, New York University Tandon School of Engineering *Only an elite can control the power of computation, dispersed in space, integrated in the cloud, and enabled to operate on ever bigger data. What are the implications for freedom, democracy, and justice? Jamie Susskind offers a pathbreaking exploration of the challenge that these issues pose for our political thinking and practice. It's a must-read. * Philip Pettit, L. S. Rockefeller University Professor of Politics and Human Values, Princeton University, and Distinguished University Professor of Philosophy, Australian National University *This brilliant and ground-breaking book ... is essential reading for anyone who wants to get to grips with the profound and far-reaching impacts of digital technology on politics. * David Lorimer, Paradigm Explorer *Future Politics' is intelligently written and utterly compelling in its treatment of a subject too often ignored by today's politicians and academics. * Luke Geikie, SF2 Concatenation *Table of ContentsIntroduction Part I. THE DIGITAL LIFEWORLD 1: Increasingly Capable Systems 2: Increasingly Integrated Technology 3: Increasingly Quantified Society 4: Thinking Like a Theorist Part II. FUTURE POWER 5: Code is Power 6: Force 7: Scrutiny 8: Perception-Control 9: Public and Private Power Part III. FUTURE LIBERTY 10: Freedom and the Supercharged State 11: Freedom and the Tech Firm Part IV. FUTURE DEMOCRACY 12: The Dream of Democracy 13: Democracy in the Future Part V. FUTURE JUSTICE 14: Algorithms of Distribution 15: Algorithms of Recognition 16: Algorithmic Injustice 17: Technological Unemployment 18: The Wealth Cyclone Part VI. FUTURE POLITICS 19: Transparency and the New Separation of Powers 20: Post-Politics

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Book SynopsisTrade ReviewMark Catesby, the English naturalist and artist, as well as his considerable accomplishments, is given new life in this well-written, multiauthored account. Emphasis is placed on Catesby's travels in North America that led to his monumental volumes on the flora and fauna of Carolina, Florida, and the Bahamas. The book is an important addition to the library of the history of natural history of colonial America.- William D. Anderson Jr., Professor of Marine Biology, Grice Marine Biological Laboratory, College of Charleston;""The Curious Mister Catesby is an absorbing blend of early colonial history in the American Southeast and the Bahamas, with the rich fauna and flora the settlers freshly contained. Catesby emerges as one of the first true naturalists of the New World.""- Edward O. Wilson, University Professor Emeritus of Entomology, Harvard University;""A landmark book filled with introspective and concise essays, each developed with a richness of detail, revealing the absorbing portrait of a self-taught artist from Suffolk who had an insatiable curiosity about nature. Wonderfully readable, this classic is an engaging introduction to Catesby's timeless illustrations and to his keen observation of the natural world. Like an investigation by forensic scientists the contemplative and thorough scholarship of these authors reveals new insight into Catesby, his journeys, his peers, and the inexhaustible pursuit of botanical and zoological specimens in an eighteenth-century world.""- Marian Hill, former president of the Garden Club of America;""This comprehensive, lavishly illustrated work . . . will stand for many years as the best critical analysis of [Catesby's] work, and of the groundbreaking natural science that his curiosity inspired.""- Linda Lear Nature;""This remarkable commemorative publication represents the perspectives of two dozen learned contributors representative of a broad spectrum of disciplines, including historians, botanists, zoologists, ornithologists, anthropologists, landscape architects, fine arts authorities, museum specialists and associated fields. Each of the 22 chapters is an essay revealing another of the many layers of Catesby's genius.""- Ben MCC. Moise The Post and Courier;""As if one of Catesby's ivory-billed woodpeckers swooped down before your eyes, this work draws the once-mysterious Catesby out of the shadows and, fittingly, displays him in vibrant living color.""- Robert Salvo Charleston Mercury;""The Curious Mr. Catesby is important for the history of natural history as it offers so much to know and understand about this interesting man and his contributions to natural history.""- Charles Tancin Huntia;""For the book’s top-notch construction and amazing array of colored maps and illustrations, The University of Georgia Press should be commended, reminding us why the physical book is so worthy of praise. This book should find a deserved place on the shelf of both general and academic readers.""- Vaughn Scribner, The Journal for Southern Literature

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Book SynopsisThe remarkable progress in algorithms for machine and deep learning have opened the doors to new opportunities, and some dark possibilities. However, a bright future awaits those who build on their working methods by including HCAI strategies of design and testing. As many technology companies and thought leaders have argued, the goal is not to replace people, but to empower them by making design choices that give humans control over technology.In Human-Centered AI, Professor Ben Shneiderman offers an optimistic realist''s guide to how artificial intelligence can be used to augment and enhance humans'' lives. This project bridges the gap between ethical considerations and practical realities to offer a road map for successful, reliable systems. Digital cameras, communications services, and navigation apps are just the beginning. Shneiderman shows how future applications will support health and wellness, improve education, accelerate business, and connect people in reliable, safe, and trustworthy ways that respect human values, rights, justice, and dignity.Trade ReviewThe book will be of interest to anyone interested in AI-including software engineers, designers, computer scientists, policymakers and philosophers -- and our future. Its writing style is accessible, and consequently can be read by both experts and novices. It may also be useful for pedagogical purposes. * Gloria Andrada, Metascience *does a great job in promoting HCAI, putting human and societal needs center stage in the design and application of AI, and in presenting and discussing several very practical ideas * Marc Steen, Prometheus *Your new book, Human-Centered AI, is the most balanced, pragmatic and optimistic analysis of artificial intelligence that I've read. You lay out a comprehensive guide to building reliable, safe, and trustworthy applications that feature both high levels of human control and high levels of automation. A critical part of your argument is that if we want to achieve a flourishing and humane future it's essential for us to understand that computers are not in fact people, and vice versa. * John Dalton, Fidelity Center for Applied Technology Newsletter *The authors approach could not be more important as a moral and normative position on the development of the field, and should be taken as a starting point for public policy discussion... the book is essential reading and its fundamental argument constitutes a moral imperative. * David Lorimer, Paradigm Explorer *A focus on developing AI that helps people will dissolve much of the fear of lost jobs and machine control... Few books on AI discuss the importance to good design of applying the right sort of pressure to the corporate owners of AI systems to push them into social fairness. This one does. * Wendy Grossman, ZDNet *This book combines persuasive arguments with catchy lists and phrases it also is meticulously researched with extensive citations and well-written for a broad audience , HCI NewsThis expert believes we can create AI systems that can have both high levels of automation and human control... Shneiderman provides guidelines covering visual design, previews of expected actions, audit trails, near-miss and failure reviews, and others that can help ensure reliability, safety, and trustworthiness. Basically, by acknowledging the limits of both human and artificial intelligence, designers and developers of automated products can find the right division of labor between humans and AI. * Ben Dickson, thenextweb.com *the book [is] especially relevant to AI researchers and developers...Expanding the variety of inputs into AI design will be essential to achieving Shneiderman's transformative vision of a more human-and humane-future. * Angelique Taylor, Issues in Science & Technology *The book is well-structured and a delight to read. The coverage is comprehensive. But it will be controversial. AI scientists and engineers, and anyone concerned about the scientific, social, ethical, legal or philosophical impacts of AI should engage with the theses of Human-Centered AI, even if it is to contest them at times. * Alan Mackworth, University of British Columbia, Canada *From design metaphors to the much needed governance structures, this new book by Ben Shneiderman is a tour de force into the increasingly important topic of human-centred AI. Going beyond the many benefits and dark possibilities, the book provides a fresh vision of AI as a supertool for human wellbeing. A must read. * Virginia Dignum, Umeå University, Sweden *Intellectually re-positioning the practice of AI is the most important social movement of our age. Human-Centered AI is a moral imperative. The graveyard of AI products is replete with well-intended systems centered on the technology. Don't make the same mistake—adopt an HCAI mindset. * Sean McGregor, Founder and Project Lead, the AI Incident Database (Partnership on AI), USA *For many years, the debate surrounding AI has been all about a dystopian or utopian-driven future. Ben Shneiderman, in his informative and timely new book presents a fresh look on the future of AI; one that considers how to empower and augment humans rather than automate and replace them. Throughout the book, that is illustrated with convincing case studies, he presents a new discourse that rethinks the benefits of AI advances from a human perspective. A truly trailblazing work that is both provocative and persuasive, inviting academics, policy-makers, industry researchers and the general public to engage with a new, forward-thinking paradigm of where humans meet AI. * Yvonne Rogers, University College London, UK *A critical call for AI to be human-centered...offers insightful lessons and practical takeaways. * Avi Parush, Management and Business Review *Human-Centered AI makes a case for AI systems that amplify and extend human abilities and performance. * Gloria Andrada, Metascience *Table of ContentsPart I: What Is Artificial Intelligence? 1: Dreams and Nightmares 2: Alchemy, Astrology, and AI: Lessons from the Past 3: Jobs, Jobs, Jobs! 4: Stories that Shape the Future: Self-Efficacy and Control 5: Getting Beyond AI to Human-Centered Thinking Part II: Human-Centered AI: Empowering People, Expanding Possibilities 6: Introduction 7: Defining Reliable, Safe And Trustworthy Systems 8: Two-Dimensional Framework for RST Systems 9: Prometheus Principles and Examples 10: Skeptic's Corner Part III: AI's Two Grand Goals: Human Emulation and Useful Applications 11: Introduction 12: Two Goals for AI Researchers and Developers 13: Intelligent Agent and Powerful Tool 14: Simulated Teammate and Tele-Operated Device 15: Autonomous System and Supervisory Control 16: Humanoid Robots and Mechanical-Like Appliances 17: Skeptic's Corner Part IV: Governance Structures for Human-Centered AI 18: Introduction 19: Reliable Systems Based on Software Engineering Practices 20: Safety Culture Through Business Management Strategies 21: Trustworthy Certification by Independent Oversight 22: Skeptic's Corner Part V: Where Do We Go from Here? 23: Stopping AI-Driven Misinformation and Criminals 24: Supporting Environmental Protection, Social Justice And Human Rights 25: Compassion in Caring for Our Older Adults 26: Beyond Robots: Notbots and Newbots 27: Frontier Thinking to Chart the Future Notes Bibliography Index

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