Science: general issues Books

Book SynopsisWe live in a society largely driven by science and technology. As more scientific and technological issues dominate public debates at national and international levels, it is important to ensure that our students become global citizens who are scientifically literate. However, many students have poor attitudes and low engagement levels toward the learning of science. This book puts forward an argument that we should capitalise on the affordances that digital technologies offer in enabling better science learning, the general technological interest and knowledge of young people and the motivating influence of technology for learning, to foster the development of scientific literacy in students.

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Book SynopsisBioinformatics is the field of science in which computer science, information technology and biology, merge to form a single discipline. It is the application of information technology and computer science to the field of biology and biological systems. It is a new science which is very helpful in understanding most of the biological processes. Bioinformatics, which is the melding of molecular biology with computer science, is essential to the use of genomic information in understanding human diseases and in the identification of new molecular targets for drug discovery. This book describes current research from around the world on studies involving bioinformatics and computational biology tools. This book describes the use of bioinformatics and computational biology in a variety of processes. Some of these are biobanking, application of next-generation DNA sequencing in medical discovery, microRNA profiling involved in human tumorigenesis and cancer phylogenetics.

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Book SynopsisThis book explores both general and specific ideas of the formation and development of modern natural sciences. Some basic problems characteristic of natural science development are discussed. Integrativegeneral scientific trends are considered where natural-scientific knowledge is of highest value, in particular, solving global universal problems and the world community''s transition to sustainable development. The book contents includes the universal laws of preservation in nature, the concept of continuousdiscrete properties of matter, the foundations of the special and general theory of relativity, the laws of thermodynamics, the problem of relation of the reactivity of substances with their structure and properties, the concepts of molecular and genetic biology, the idea of the origin, structure and evolution of the Universe and Earth, the concepts of general and applied ecology, and features of self-organization processes in both inanimate and animate nature.

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Book SynopsisIn Gobekli Tepe'' near Urfa, an ancient city in south-eastern Turkey, stand 11,000 year old concentric rings of old massive T shaped pillars. The carvings by prehistoric, pre-agricultural people emphasise predators, and vultures in particular are even more prominent. Archaeologists and anthropologists believe that the vultures represented the aspiration of humans to reach high into the heavens. If the scientific thought and technological output is a measure, science has been in the same pursuit along with religion or perhaps before it, even in Gobekli Tepe. While scientific topics remain at the core of human curiosity and spirituality even today, modern science has advanced tremendously, particularly over the last two centuries, leaving the general public unconnected with science. While, the public have benefited increasingly from the technological fruits of science and science has become an integral part of their life, they have been increasingly unaware that science provides real and accessible answers to personal and societal questions. In some circles, this has bred distrust of science and its process, where personal questions are concerned. To those involved closely with science, the scientific knowledge and effort are inspirational and the scientific understanding of Nature creates a sense of awe. This book attempts to give a sense of this scientific knowledge in basic science topics while providing a social and religious context. It demonstrates to the readers that science progresses with integrity in methodology and arrives at conclusions that are robust and yet open to modification. By familiarising the readers on the science discoveries in major areas, the book is intended to persuade the reader that science takes the high road to finding knowledge and therefore is to be trusted in its conclusions, when one is confronted by apparent contradictions or denials from personal, cultural and religious perspectives. Even for the section of people who are very religious, it is shown that, in most areas, religions are not against science and do not deny scientific conclusions.

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Book SynopsisH∞ Robust design is an advancing technology which aims to achieve the system design purpose under intrinsic random fluctuation and external disturbance. This book introduces several robust design methods, some of which include linear to nonlinear systems and frequency to time domain. This book provides not only a complete theoretical development and application of H∞ robust design over the last three decades, but also an integrated platform for control, signal processing, communication, systems and synthetic biology. Based on the theoretical H∞ robust design results, the authors also give some practical design examples to illustrate the procedure and validate the performance of the proposed H∞ method with computational simulations and tables.

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Book SynopsisThis publication presents findings on students'' perceptions of their teaching experience in New Zealand science classrooms. It highlights some important issues associated with underachievement of students in science education in New Zealand schools and the possible reasons for declining science enrollment rates in high schools. Furthermore, it attempts to identify the best ways of teaching the sciences to students in New Zealand for the benefit of all learners, including diverse learners. Research to date is limited in explaining diverse students'' perceptions of their teaching experiences in secondary science. Therefore, this book aims at expanding and understanding the issues affecting achievement in science education by particularly identifying pedagogies of teaching that helped and hindered students learning of science in New Zealand schools. In doing so, this book offers examples of the "best practices" in science teaching to teachers of science, preferred by diverse learners in current New Zealand secondary science classrooms. It is evident from the findings that students'' learning in science was assessment-centered and knowledge-centered, and instructions and tasks were designed according to curriculum, content and assessment goals, which is problematic. The empirical findings in this book strongly support the need for situating students'' learning within the community of learning when considering quality science teaching for all students. This publication is a practical guide for professionals such as university academics involved in science teacher training programmes, ministry of education for policy-making and funding, university students becoming science teachers, current primary and secondary science teachers, school principals and emergent researchers.

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Book SynopsisIn Gobekli Tepe'' near Urfa, an ancient city in south-eastern Turkey, stand 11,000 year old concentric rings of old massive T shaped pillars. The carvings by prehistoric, pre-agricultural people emphasise predators, and vultures in particular are even more prominent. Archaeologists and anthropologists believe that the vultures represented the aspiration of humans to reach high into the heavens. If the scientific thought and technological output is a measure, science has been in the same pursuit along with religion or perhaps before it, even in Gobekli Tepe. While scientific topics remain at the core of human curiosity and spirituality even today, modern science has advanced tremendously, particularly over the last two centuries, leaving the general public unconnected with science. While, the public have benefited increasingly from the technological fruits of science and science has become an integral part of their life, they have been increasingly unaware that science provides real and accessible answers to personal and societal questions. In some circles, this has bred distrust of science and its process, where personal questions are concerned. To those involved closely with science, the scientific knowledge and effort are inspirational and the scientific understanding of Nature creates a sense of awe. This book attempts to give a sense of this scientific knowledge in basic science topics while providing a social and religious context. It demonstrates to the readers that science progresses with integrity in methodology and arrives at conclusions that are robust and yet open to modification. By familiarising the readers on the science discoveries in major areas, the book is intended to persuade the reader that science takes the high road to finding knowledge and therefore is to be trusted in its conclusions, when one is confronted by apparent contradictions or denials from personal, cultural and religious perspectives. Even for the section of people who are very religious, it is shown that, in most areas, religions are not against science and do not deny scientific conclusions.

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Book SynopsisDarwin's theory has become so much part of science that for many it has the standing of biological law. This book challenges the basis of the Darwinian theory of evolution and brings together many discoveries from a variety of fields which cast serious doubts on Darwinian theory. The book has been written to enable non-scientists to assess the validity of the findings for themselves.Table of ContentsThe biblical creation; Darwin's theory of evolution; neo-Darwinian evolution of life on earth; bones; bone; cells; life; the evolution which actually occurred; theories about the origin and the evolution of life on earth.

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Book SynopsisFrom Jaime Smith, author of Stardust and Foxtrot, comes a new collection of essays that draw from his background in astronomy, psychology and the humanities. Expanding on essays in Stardust, Smith delves more deeply into physics, biology, philosophy, religion, human behaviour and aesthetics. Running through all the essays is a focus on the nature of timepast, present, and future. Drawing from history and psychology, Smith presents the writings and research of scholars in their fields as he explores where humanity might be going from here.

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Book SynopsisThe work deals in depth with Aristotles thesis that the change of location is in many ways the most important and fundamental form of change and therefore has priority over all other types of change. In a first step, the author asks about the relevance of this by no means self-evident priority thesis and its discussion in Physics VIII. He shows that Aristotle's arguments for this thesis -- contrary to the previous interpretation -- have an essential function in the larger context of Physics VIII and the Aristotelian one Fulfill natural philosophy in general. The focus of the work is on the exact reconstruction and discussion of the often difficult arguments in their complexity and brevity. The examination of this previously unexamined aspect of Aristotelian natural philosophy also provides information about the relationship that, according to Aristotle, exists between the different types of change. The study therefore makes a major contribution to a better understanding of his general theory of change and his natural philosophy.

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Book SynopsisThe constant reformulation of the canon due to the notion of singularity of the case.

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Book SynopsisThe book explores unique and innovative ideas originating from India's identity and culture, showcasing a diverse range of innovations across social and economic sectors. It features contributions from renowned experts and heartwarming stories of grassroots and cutting-edge innovations, capturing the essence of India's innovation landscape.

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Book SynopsisAward-winning writer, columnist, and journalists Carl Zimmer selects twenty science and nature essays that represent the best examples of the form published in 2022.A collection of the best science and nature articles written in 2022, selected by guest editor Carl Zimmer and series editor Jaime Green. Trade Review“Captivating. . . . The contributors showcase science journalism’s capacity to educate while entertaining, and the timely bent of the selections gives the collection a sense of urgency. . . . Readers will be enthralled.” — Publishers Weekly (starred review)

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Book SynopsisA Pulitzer Prize FinalistThe medusa is a tiny jellyfish that lives on the ventral surface of a sea slug found in the Bay of Naples. Readers will find themselves caught up in the fate of the medusa and the snail as a metaphor for eternal issues of life and death as Lewis Thomas further extends the exploration of man and his world begun in The Lives of a Cell. Among the treasures in this magnificent book are essays on the human genius for making mistakes, on disease and natural death, on cloning, on warts, and on Montaigne, as well as an assessment of medical science and health care. In these essays and others, Thomas once again conveys his observations of the scientific world in prose marked by wonder and wit.

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Book Synopsis“It manages to delight, and frequently to entrance, old and new readers [and] continues to engage our hearts and minds today with an indescribably brand of affectionate sympathy.”—F. Gonzalez-Crussi, from the Introduction An international bestseller, translated into eighteen languages, Paul de Kruif’s classic account of the first scientists to see and learn about the microscopic world continues to fascinate new readers. This is a timeless dramatization of the scientists, bacteriologists, doctors, and medical technicians who discovered the microbes and invented the vaccines to counter them. De Kruif writes about how seemingly simple but really fundamental discovers of science—for instance, how a microbe was first viewed in a clear drop of rain water, and when, for the first time, Louis Pasteur discovered that a simple vaccine could save a man from the ravages of rabies by attacking the microbes that cause it.  

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Book SynopsisWhat is superstring theory and why is it important? Can superstrings offer the fulfilment of Einstein''s lifelong dream of a Theory of Everything? Co-authored by Michio Kaku, one of the leading pioneers of superstrings, this is a thrilling account of the discoveries that have led scientists to the brightest new prospect in theoretical physics today. With all the excitement of a detective story, this book contains the newest ground-breaking research in physics, and offers a fascinating look at the scientific research that may make the impossible possible.Trade ReviewKaku's exploration's of the principles of superstring theory are lucid, lively, and full ... as thought-provoking as Stephen Hawking. * Kirkus Reviews *Table of ContentsPART I: A THEORY OF THE UNIVERSE ; PART II: SUPERSYMMETRY AND SUPERSTRINGS ; PART III: BEYOND THE FOURTH DIMENSION

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Trade Review"Leopold celebrates the wilderness, stressing the need to preserve this precious legacy."--The Los Angeles Times Book Review "We can be grateful for the opportunity...to spend another pleasant and profitable hour in the company of a man who was perhaps the most provocative student of land and wildlife conservation that our country has produced."--The New Yorker "Aldo Leopold laid the foundation upon which current wildlife conservation policies rest....Leopold's writing is a mine of metaphor containing gems that are often quoted...A highly recommended gift for the outdoosperson or the lover of nature and wildlife."--Steve Brock, Internet Book Reviewer "A rejuvenating visit with the father of all natural resources workers."--Wildlife Review "An observant, poetic volume."--The Los Angeles Times

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Book SynopsisThis biography illuminates the racial attitudes of an elite group of American scientists and foundation officers. It is the story of a complex and unhappy man. It blends social, institutional, black, and political history with the history of science.Trade Review'Among the finest biographies I have ever read. Manning's book wins my highest praise...It is so well written and meticulously researched...it is a pleasure to read.' The New York Review of Books'A unique contribution to not only Black history, but also to American history and to the history of science.' The Black CollegianTable of ContentsThe Early Years, 1883-1907 The Beginnings of a Professional Career, 1907-16 The Expansion of Just's Scientific World: Woods Hole, 1909-29 The Role of Foundation Support, 1920-29 Europe: First Encounters, 1929-31 Howard University: Continuing Struggle, 1929-31 The Search for a New Life, 1931-38 The Exile, 1938-40 America Again Publications: E. E. Just Glossary of Manuscript Citations Notes Acknowledgments Index

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Book SynopsisHarold Morowitz has long been regarded highly both as an eminent scientist and as an accomplished science writer. The essays in The Wine of Life, his first collection, were hailed by C.P. Snow as some of the wisest, wittiest and best informed that I have read, and Carl Sagan called them a delight to read. In later volumes such as Mayonnaise and the Origin of Life and The Thermodynamics of Pizza, he has established a reputation for a wide-ranging intellect, an ability to see unexpected connections and draw striking parallels, and a talent for communicating scientific ideas with optimism and wit. Kirkus Reviews praised Mayonnaise as wonderfully diverting and very wise. Nature wrote of Thermodynamics, his chocolate-coated nuggets of science will continue to entertain and do surreptitious good. With Entropy and the Magic Flute, Morowitz once again offers an appealing mix of brief reflections on everything from litmus paper to the hippopotamus to the sociology of Palo Alto coffee shops. ManTrade ReviewA delightful cornucopia of short essays on diverse topics, some purely scientific and others more personal. * Science News, Vol. 144 *Table of ContentsPart One; Entropy and the magic flute; The perversion of J. Willard Gibbs, les Atomes, Triscentennial, Albertus Magnus, Fundamental laws of nature; Part Two; jesus, Moses, Aristotle, and Laboratory Animals; Tubes; Humans, animals, and physicians' waiting rooms; The oath; Autism and authority; the missing volumes; he smoking gun; Part Three; Just say no; The fromagification of America; Killer cheese; a bioenergeticist's revenge; A two-coffee culture; Deliver us; Part Four; Roots of a American tail; Justice; The sidewalks of New York; Brighten the corner where you are; Nixon and thermodynamics; George Mason, one of our really great men; Part Five; Koobi Fora; Clitoridectomy; Mammals I have known; Daibutsu and Descartes; Taitami taxonomy; Madan Pele; The sociology of Palo Alto coffee shops; Part Six; Dirty Neoplatonists; Quadrivial pursuits; Twenty books clad in black and red; The litmus test; Expertise; The afternoon session; Literati; Potlatch; Part Seven; What is Life?; Brekekekex; A rose by any other name.

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Book SynopsisPresents an innovative view of time and contemporary physics. The author urges physicists, philosophers, and anyone who has ever pondered the paradoxes of time to look at the world from a fresh perspective, and throws light on some of the great mysteries of the universe.Trade Reviewsplendidly provocative ... enjoy it as a feast for the imagination * Sunday Times *a useful addition to the literature on time, particularly as it reveals the influence of modern science on the way a philosopher thinks * New Scientist *the author has done physicists a great service in laying out so clearly and critically the nature of the various time-asymmetry problems of physics * John Barrow, Nature *Table of ContentsThe View from Nowhen; More Apt to Be Lost than Got: The Lessons of the Second Law; New light on The Arrow of Radiation; Arrows and Error in Contemporary Cosmology; Innocence and Symmetry in Microphysics; In Search of the Third Arrow; Convention Objectified and the Past Unlocked; Einstein's Issue: The Puzzle of Contemporary Quantum Theory; The Case for Advanced Action; Overview.

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Book SynopsisIn Life Itself, Boyce Rensberger, science writer for The Washington Post, takes readers to the frontlines of cell research with some of the brightest investigators in molecular, cellular, and developmental biology. Virtually all the hottest topics in biomedical research are covered here, such as how do cells and their minute components move How do the body''s cells heal wounds? What is cancer? Why do cells die? And what is the nature of life? The solutions to the most pressing challenges facing scientists today -- from the efforts to conquer disease to the quest to understand life itself -- will be found in the innermost workings of the cell.In Life Itself, Rensberger paints a colourful and fascinating portrait of modern research in this vital area, an account which will enthrall anyone interested in state-of-the-art science or the incredible workings of the human body.Trade ReviewLife Itself is a wonderfully readable digest of everything currently known about the mechanisms by which living cells perform their myriad tasks. * The New York Times Book Review *An elegant, authoritative, yet felicitously written book that will appeal to anyone who is interested in how cells work....a compelling portrait of terrestrial life in its many guises. * New Scientist *Table of Contents1. A Particle of Life ; 2. Molecular Motors ; 3. Animation ; 4. The Living-Room Cell ; 5. How Genes Work ; 6. One Life Becomes Two ; 7. Two lives Become One ; 8. Constructing a Person ; 9. Pumping Protein ; 10. Heal Thyself ; 11. In Self-Defense ; 12. Revolution ; 13. The Immortality Within

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Book SynopsisSince the emergence of religious studies and the social sciences as academic disciplines, the idea of magic has played a major role in defining religion and in mediating the relation of religion to science. Across these disciplines, magic has regularly been configured as a definitively non-modern phenomenon, juxtaposed to the distinctly modern models of religion and science. As a category, however, magic has remained stubbornly amorphous. In Making Magic, Randall Styers seeks to account for the extraordinary vitality of scholarly discourse purporting to define and explain magic despite its failure to do just that. He argues that it can best be explained in light of the European and Euro-American drive to establish and secure their own identity as normative: rational-scientific, judicial-ethical, industrious, productive, and heterosexual. Magic has served to designate a form of alterity or deviance against which dominant Western notions of appropriate religious piety, legitimate scientiTrade ReviewMagic has always been a marginal, umbrageous subject. Despite numerous attempts, no philosopher, scientific observer, or cultural theoretician has managed to describe its essential nature or to circumscribe its proper boundaries-and no wonder. The virtue of Randall Styers compelling study is not that it finally succeeds in defining magic with clarity-an impossible and patently misguided objective. Instead, through a meticulous and incisive examination of the major and minor writers on the subject, Styers shows that the highly pliable, always shifty, devious, and problematic category of magic has been an extremely effective device with which to define and to empower that which it is not: religion proper, (real) science, rationality, modernity. The result, then, is far from marginal. * Tomoko Masuzawa, University of Michigan *

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Book SynopsisA good research paper is more than just a clear, concise, scientific expose. It is a document that needs to go beyond the science to attract attention. There are both strict and less definable norms for doing this, but many authors are unaware as to what they are or their use. Publishing is rapidly changing, and needs to be explained with a fresh perspective. Simply writing good, clear, concise, science is no longer enough-there is a different mind-set now required that students need to adopt if they are to succeed. The purpose of this book is to provide the foundations of this new approach for both young scientists at the start of their careers, as well as for more experienced scientists to teach the younger generation. Most importantly, the book will make the reader think in a fresh, creative, and novel way about writing and publishing science.This is an introductory guide suitable for advanced undergraduates, graduate students, and professional researchers in both the life and physiTrade ReviewThe book is designed as a textbook for advanced undergraduates and up, in the physical and life sciences, but will be equally useful to the individual or independent researcher... University libraries should acquire, as many users will want to consult it. * R. C. Hedreen, Choice Reviews *Even with my experience as a scientist, writer, reviewer, and editor, An Editor's Guide to Writing and Publishing Science is an excellent resource that covers everything about publishing. Readers will appreciate the condensed nature of the book, with chapters being direct and succinct, so that they can be read in a short sitting. * Stephen L. Webb, Noble Research Institute, LLC, Ardmore, Oklahoma, The Journal of Wildlife Management *It is a sad fact that the majority of young scientists are woefully poor at both writing and verbally presenting their work and their careers can suffer as a consequence. This book is recommended reading for all those involved in presenting their results both verbal and written. * Edward R. Adlard, Chromatographia *Table of ContentsPart I Before you begin 1: Planting your flag 2: Quality and productivity 3: Citing, reading and searching 4: Avoiding plagiarism Part II Writing a great paper 5: The writing mind-set 6: The start 7: Use Models! 8: IMRaD 9: The vitrine 10: The puzzle 11: Emphasis and finesse Part III Choosing where to publish 12: How journals operate 13: Who really decides? 14: What to expect from journal service 15: Choices in publishing 16: Choosing a journal Part IV Submission and decision 17: Authorship 18: The cover letter 19: The publication decision 20: Data archiving and sharing Part V Challenges 21: Peer review 22: The cost of publishing 23: Use of citation metrics 24: Disposable science Part VI Opportunities 25: Developing your career 26: Collaborating 27: Writing reviews, opinions and commentaries 28: Reviewing manuscripts 29: Social media 30: Old dogs, new tricks

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Book SynopsisMagdolna Hargittai uses over fifteen years of in-depth conversation with female physicists, chemists, biomedical researchers, and other scientists to form cohesive ideas on the state of the modern female scientist. The compilation, based on sixty conversations, examines unique challenges that women with serious scientific aspirations face. In addition to addressing challenges and the unjustifiable underrepresentation of women at the higher levels of academia, Hargittai takes a balanced approach by discussing how some of the most successful of these women have managed to obtain professional success and personal happiness.Women Scientists portrays scientists from different backgrounds, different geographical regions-eighteen countries from four continents-and leaders from a variety of professional backgrounds, including eight Nobel laureate women. The book is divided into three sections: Husband and Wife Teams, Women at the Top, and In High Positions. Hargittai uses her own experience toTrade ReviewThis book will be of interest to both upcoming and established women in science, their children and families, as well as historians. * Karen Swider Lyons, MRS Bulletin *The book fulfils the authors wish to show women scientists as they are and encourage others to follow, and should prove valuable to all those interested in how women are progressing in fields formerly, and still often, deemed as masculine. * Ruth Watts, Gender and History *Table of ContentsContents ; Preface ; Introduction ; Husband and Wife Teams ; At the Top ; In High Positions ; Final Thoughts ; Notes ; Index

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Book SynopsisInfinite Potential is the first biography of David Bohm,brilliant physicist, explorer of consciousness, student of Oppenheimer, friend to Einstein, and enemy of the House Committee on Un-American Activities. Although he battled bouts of crippling depression, Bohm proved to be one of the twentieth century''s most original thinkers, influencing the fields of physics, philosophy, psychology, language, and education. In this compelling narrative, David Peat explains Bohm''s life and landmark scientific work, including his famous hidden variables causal interpretation of quantum mechanics, which created a storm of controversy, yet may well be the only theory that describes the true nature of reality.Table of Contents* Introduction * Childhood: From Fragmentation to Flow * From Penn State to Caltech * A Vision of Light * From Niels Bohr to Karl Marx * Princeton * Un-American Activities * Hidden Variables * Brazil: Into Exile * Causality and Chance * Israel: The World Falls Apart * Bristol: Encounters with Famous Men * Birkbeck: Thought and What May Lie Beyond * Language and Perception * The Implicate Order * Dialogue and Disorder * The Edge of Something Unknown * Afterword

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